1
|
Almalki S, Tamur S, Alzahrani A, Aljaid MS, Shams A, Alayli M, Alrabie A, Khayat AM. Mothers' Awareness of Obesity and Its Complications Among Children in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e57505. [PMID: 38577168 PMCID: PMC10993094 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Awareness about obesity, its complications, and an age-appropriate, healthy, active lifestyle are essential to maintaining a healthy life. This study aimed to determine the level of awareness Saudi Arabian caregivers have regarding obesity and regular physical activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a survey was conducted among parents in Saudi Arabia using a structured questionnaire. A convenience and snowball sampling method was employed to recruit participants from various regions of Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire assessed parents' knowledge about obesity, its complications, and healthy, active lifestyle practices. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and associations between variables were examined using chi-squared tests. RESULTS In this study, responses from 256 moms in various Saudi Arabian locations were included in the analysis. Merely 35.5% of the participants demonstrated good knowledge about obesity and its complications. Regarding the promotion of a healthy, active lifestyle, only 11.3% of the participants were aware that kids should eat five types of vegetables and fruits daily, whereas 85% were aware that kids should have <2 hours a day of screen time, and 75.4% were aware that kids should be engaged in physical activity for at least one hour daily. CONCLUSION This study highlights a concerning gap in knowledge among caregivers in Saudi Arabia concerning obesity and its consequences, with merely 35.5% of participants demonstrating a good understanding of obesity and its complications. Alarmingly, only a fraction (11.3%) showed awareness of the importance of promoting a healthy, active lifestyle. These findings underscore the urgent need for enhanced awareness initiatives focused on obesity and its prevention to ensure optimal child health development, avert health issues, and strengthen positive dynamics between parents and children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Almalki
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Shadi Tamur
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Ahmad Alzahrani
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Maryam S Aljaid
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Anwar Shams
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | | | | | - Abdullah M Khayat
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Skolnick V, Rajjo T, Thacher T, Kumar S, Kaufman T, Weaver A, Wi CI, Lynch BA. Association of Weight Trajectory With Severe Obesity: A Case-Control Study. Child Obes 2024; 20:169-177. [PMID: 37010378 PMCID: PMC10979667 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2023.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Early childhood weight trajectory is associated with future risk for obesity. However, little is known about the association of birth weight and weight trajectories before age 5.5 years with severe adult obesity. Methods: This study used a nested case-control design of 785 matched sets of cases and controls matched 1:1 on age and gender from a 1976 to 1982 birth cohort in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Cases with severe adult obesity were defined as individuals with a BMI ≥40 kg/m2 after 18 years of age. There were 737 matched sets of cases and controls for the trajectory analysis. Weight and height data from birth through 5.5 years were abstracted from the medical records, and weight-for-age percentiles were obtained from the CDC growth charts. Results: A two-cluster weight-for-age trajectory solution was identified as optimal, with cluster 1 having higher weight-for-age before age 5.5 years. While there was no association between birth weight and severe adult obesity, the odds of being in cluster 1, which includes children with higher weight-for-age percentiles, was significantly increased for cases compared with controls [odds ratio (OR) 1.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.60-2.47]. The association between cluster membership and case-control status persisted after adjusting for maternal age and education (adjusted OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.66-2.61). Conclusions: Our data suggest that early childhood weight-for-age trajectories are associated with severe obesity status in adult life. Our results add to growing evidence that it is critical to prevent excess early childhood weight gain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamim Rajjo
- Department of Family Medicine; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tom Thacher
- Department of Family Medicine; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Seema Kumar
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tara Kaufman
- Department of Family Medicine; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amy Weaver
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Chung-Il Wi
- Division of Community Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Brian A. Lynch
- Division of Community Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang YD, Luo YR, Lee MC, Yeh CJ. Effect of maternal hypertensive disorders during pregnancy on offspring's early childhood body weight: A population-based cohort study. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 61:761-767. [PMID: 36088042 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of hypertensive disorder during pregnancy (HDP) and childhood obesity is increasing worldwide. HDP or obesity in mothers can increase the risk of overweight/obesity (OWOB) in their children. Few longitudinal studies have examined the associations of maternal body weight with the growth and risk factors for overweight in infants born to mothers with HDP. This study examined the risk factors for childhood OWOB through the age of 66 months in children born to mothers with HDP. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 24,200 pairs of mothers and their children were selected from the Taiwan Birth Cohort Study. The children's body weights were classified and analyzed to determine infant growth at birth and at the ages of 12, 24, 36, and 66 months. Multiple logistic regression analyses with different model settings were performed to identify the factors affecting growth and childhood OWOB in the children of mothers with HDP. RESULTS The average birth weight of children was lower in the HDP group than in the non-HDP group. The catch-up phenomenon began at the age of 18 months. The incidence of OWOB was higher in the children in the HDP group than in those in the non-HDP group from the age of 24 months and increased with the children's age. At every age point, maternal overweight before pregnancy was the main risk factor for childhood OWOB, and this effect increased with the children's age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.83 at 66 months). The effect of excessive maternal gestational weight gain on childhood OWOB was significant (OR: 1.26-1.44 for various age points). CONCLUSION Maternal overweight is the main risk factor for OWOB in children born to mothers with HDP. After adjusting for related confounders, we determined that HDP did not exert a significant effect on the risk of childhood OWOB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Der Huang
- Department of Public Health, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chia-Yi Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Luo
- Department of Public Health, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chih Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; College of Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Jung Yeh
- Department of Public Health, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
da Silva TPR, Matozinhos FP, Gratão LHA, Rocha LL, Inácio MLC, de Freitas Oliveira C, Rangel de Oliveira TRP, Mendes LL. The coexistence of obesogenic behaviors among Brazilian adolescents and their associated factors. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1290. [PMID: 35788201 PMCID: PMC9254523 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity in adolescents has increased significantly in recent years. The growth of obesity is motivated by the association with modifiable behaviors, however, this behavioral are commonly evaluated individually, not considering the possibility of these factors coexisting in the individual. The purpose of this essay was to identify the coexistence of obesogenic behaviors among Brazilian adolescents and to assess the factors associated with the presence of these behaviors. METHODS This a cross-sectional, national, school-based study with data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), totaling a sample of 71,552 Brazilian adolescents. To identify the coexistence of obesogenic behaviors in adolescents, the Principal Component Analysis has been performed. To assess the association between factors that influence the coexistence of modifiable behaviors in the pattern of obesogenic behavior, logistic regression was used. The magnitude of the associations was estimated by the Odds Ratio (OR), with the respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS The component was characterized by a higher percentage of ultra-processed food intake, longer in front of screens, having a habit of snacking in front of the television, and not having the habit of eating breakfast. In the adjusted logistic model, it shows that female adolescents and who declare themselves black are more likely to belong to the third tertile of the pattern of obesogenic behavior. As for teenagers who sometimes or almost always or always have lunch or dinner with parents or guardians, who have longer hours of sleep and who live in economically disadvantaged regions have reduced chances of belonging to the third tertile of the pattern of obesogenic behavior. CONCLUSION The identification of obesogenic behavior patterns allows assertive interventions to eliminate or reduce these changeable behaviors, also aiming at the possibility of reducing obesity among adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thales Philipe Rodrigues da Silva
- Departamento de Enfermagem Materno Infantil e Saúde Pública, Postdoctoral Fellow, Ph.D in Health Sciences, Child and Adolescent Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Enfermagem, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Penido Matozinhos
- Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health Department, Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Lara Rocha
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane de Freitas Oliveira
- Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health Department, Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Loures Mendes
- Nursing Department, Nutrition School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kininmonth AR, Schrempft S, Smith A, Dye L, Lawton C, Fisher A, Llewellyn CH, Fildes A. Associations between the home environment and childhood weight change: a cross-lagged panel analysis. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:1678-1685. [PMID: 35739248 PMCID: PMC9395269 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The obesogenic quality of the home environment is hypothesised to play an important role in children's weight development but few prospective studies have investigated relationships between the home environment and adiposity across childhood. OBJECTIVE To investigate the continuity and stability of the home environment from ages 4 to 12, and bi-directional relationships between the home environment and BMI-SDS from ages 4 to 12. METHODS Parents from the Gemini cohort completed the Home Environment Interview (HEI), a comprehensive measure of the obesogenic home environment, when their children were aged 4 and 12 (n = 149 families, n = 298 children). The obesogenic home environment was measured using four composite scores capturing the food, activity, media environments, and the overall home environment. Child weights and heights were used to calculate BMI-SDS. Continuity was assessed with Pearson's correlations between scores at each time point, and stability by changes in mean scores over time. Cross-lagged analyses were performed (HEI composites at age 4 to BMI-SDS at age 12 and the reverse) to measure the magnitude and direction of associations. RESULTS The home environment showed moderate-to-high continuity from ages 4 to 12 (r = 0.30-0.64). The overall home environment (r = 0.21, p < 0.01) and media composites (r = 0.23, p < 0.01) were cross-sectionally associated with child BMI-SDS at age 12, but not at age 4. Longitudinally, the home media environment at age 4 predicted increases in child BMI-SDS at age 12 (β; 95% CI = 0.18; 0.08,0.28, p < 0.01). No associations were observed for the reverse path, or the remaining composites (the overall, food and activity) in either direction. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that the obesogenic home environment tracks across childhood and highlights the importance of the early home media environment for child weight development. The findings provide insight into key aspects of the home environment that could be targeted when developing obesity treatment or prevention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice R Kininmonth
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. .,Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Stephanie Schrempft
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Smith
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK.,MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Louise Dye
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Clare Lawton
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Abigail Fisher
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Clare H Llewellyn
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alison Fildes
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hsu PC, Hwang FM, Chien MI, Mui WC, Lai JM. The impact of maternal influences on childhood obesity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6258. [PMID: 35428792 PMCID: PMC9012806 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10216-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There was a lack of detailed information about maternal influences on their children’s body mass index (BMI) in Taiwan. The aim of this study was to find the evidence to describe how mothers’ factors could affect their 2 to 9-year-old children’s BMI, with data collected from May 2021 to June 2021. Anonymous self-administered questionnaires were completed by 1035 participants from Taiwan’s six metropolitan cities and eight counties. After controlling for children’s factors, such as number of children in a family, children’s constitution, children’s age and gender, hierarchical regression models were used to analyze the effects of five maternal factors on their children’s BMI: maternal BMI, age, education level, monthly household income, and marital status (single parent or not). The results were found as follow: maternal BMI [β = .24], maternal educational level [β = −.141], and monthly household income [β = .071], significantly (p < 0.05) influenced their children’s BMI. Higher maternal BMI was associated with a higher children’s BMI. Mothers with lower levels of education background were more likely to have children with a higher BMI. Monthly household income was a positive factor influencing children’s BMI. In conclusion, this study is the first detailed description of maternal influences on their 2–9 years old children’s BMI in Taiwan. Although the study could not cover all of the factors influencing Taiwan’s childhood obesity, we have discovered maternal BMI, education level, and monthly household income were significant factors associated with children’s BMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chuan Hsu
- Department of Early Childhood Educare, Tainan University of Technology, Tainan City, 710, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ming Hwang
- Department of Education, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, 600, Taiwan
| | - Mei-I Chien
- Department of Early Childhood Education, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, 600, Taiwan
| | - Wui-Chiu Mui
- Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, 600, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Mirn Lai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, 600, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kuzik N, da Costa BGG, Hwang Y, Verswijveren SJJM, Rollo S, Tremblay MS, Bélanger S, Carson V, Davis M, Hornby S, Huang WY, Law B, Salmon J, Tomasone JR, Wachira LJ, Wijndaele K, Saunders TJ. School-related sedentary behaviours and indicators of health and well-being among children and youth: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:40. [PMID: 35382825 PMCID: PMC8979786 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01258-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the associations between school-related sedentary behaviours and indicators of health and well-being in children and youth (~ 5-18 years) attending school. METHODS This review was conducted to inform the development of School-Related Sedentary Behaviour Recommendations. Peer-reviewed, published, or in-press articles in English were included. Reviews, meta-analyses, and case studies were excluded; all other study designs were eligible. Further, articles had to meet the a priori study criteria for population, intervention, comparator (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021227600). Embase, MEDLINE® ALL, and PsycINFO were searched. Risk of bias was assessed for individual experimental studies using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool, and in observational studies based on the GRADE framework and in line with previous systematic reviews examining sedentary behaviours in children. Overall quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework for each outcome category and study design. Results were synthesized narratively, grouped by study design and outcome category. Further, several high-level summaries were conducted to help interpret results. RESULTS Evidence was synthesized from 116 reports, including 1,385,038 participants and 1173 extracted associations. More school-related sedentary behaviour was favourably associated with nearly one-third of extracted associations for cognitive (33%) and social-emotional (32%) indicators (e.g., less anxiety), but unfavourably associated with other movement behaviours (e.g., less physical activity) (35%). Active lessons were favourable (72%), compared to more school-related sedentary behaviours, when examining associations for all health and well-being indicators. More homework was favourable across all health and well-being indicators in 4% of extracted associations for primary school children, and 25% of extracted associations for secondary school children. However, ≥2 h/day of homework appeared to be unfavourable for health and well-being. Limitations for synthesized studies included generally low quality of evidence and a lack of studies in South American, African, or low-middle income countries. CONCLUSIONS Findings can help inform policy makers, schools, and teachers, regarding the amount of homework assigned and the introduction of active lessons into the classroom to enhance health and well-being of children. More research is needed examining school-related sedentary behaviours and indicators of health and well-being in low- and middle-income countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Kuzik
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada. .,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Bruno G. G. da Costa
- grid.260989.c0000 0000 8588 8547School of Physical & Health Education, Nipissing University, North Bay, Canada
| | - Yeongho Hwang
- grid.17089.370000 0001 2190 316XFaculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Simone J. J. M. Verswijveren
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Scott Rollo
- grid.414148.c0000 0000 9402 6172Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada ,grid.28046.380000 0001 2182 2255Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mark S. Tremblay
- grid.414148.c0000 0000 9402 6172Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada ,grid.28046.380000 0001 2182 2255Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada ,grid.34428.390000 0004 1936 893XDepartment of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Stacey Bélanger
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médicine, Université de Montréal and CHU Sainte Justine, CIRENE (Centre Intégré du Réseau en Neurodéveloppement de L’Enfant), Montréal, Quebec Canada
| | - Valerie Carson
- grid.17089.370000 0001 2190 316XFaculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Melanie Davis
- Physical and Health Education (PHE) Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Susan Hornby
- Pan-Canadian Joint Consortium for School Health (JCSH), Summerside, Canada
| | - Wendy Yajun Huang
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Barbi Law
- grid.260989.c0000 0000 8588 8547School of Physical & Health Education, Nipissing University, North Bay, Canada
| | - Jo Salmon
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jennifer R. Tomasone
- grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Lucy-Joy Wachira
- grid.9762.a0000 0000 8732 4964Physical Education, Exercise and Sports Science, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Katrien Wijndaele
- grid.5335.00000000121885934MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Travis J. Saunders
- grid.139596.10000 0001 2167 8433Department of Applied Human Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chang R, Mei H, Zhang Y, Xu K, Yang S, Zhang J. Early childhood body mass index trajectory and overweight/obesity risk differed by maternal weight status. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:450-455. [PMID: 34535773 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-00975-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (pp-BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with the childhood BMI z-score (BMI-z) trajectories from birth to 2 years old and the risk of overweight/obesity (OWO) at 2 years of age. SUBJECTS/METHODS Mother-child dyads (23,617) were involved in the analysis. They were followed up from early pregnancy to 2 years postpartum with their healthcare data recorded in the Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Management Information System (WMCHMIS). The OWO in children was defined as BMI-z > 1. Linear mixed models (LMM) and unconditional logistic regression were used to evaluate the independent and joint associations of pp-BMI and GWG with the BMI-z trajectory of children per their anthropometric measurements at 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months old and the risk of OWO at 2 years of age. RESULTS Maternal overweight/obesity and excessive GWG independently and jointly increased the risks of their offspring falling into high BMI-z trajectories of birth to 2 years (p < 0.001). In addition, the children whose mothers were overweight/obese before pregnancy and gained excessive weight during pregnancy independently and jointly increased the OWO risk in children at age 2, with adjusted odds ratios (adjOR) of 1.36 (95% CI, 1.22-1.53), 1.28 (95% CI, 1.18-1.39), and 1.76 (95% CI: 1.52-2.03), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Maternal prepregnancy overweight/obesity and excessive GWG can independently and jointly increase the risks of their children falling into high BMI-z trajectories from birth to 2 years of age and becoming overweight/obese at age 2. Maternal overweight/obesity and excessive gestational weight should be the prime targets for early obese prevention efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Chang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Mei
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shaoping Yang
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Jianduan Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Makri R, Katsoulis M, Fotiou A, Kanavou E, Stavrou M, Richardson C, Kanellopoulou A, Orfanos P, Benetou V, Kokkevi A. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity and Associated Diet-Related Behaviours and Habits in a Representative Sample of Adolescents in Greece. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9010119. [PMID: 35053743 PMCID: PMC8774704 DOI: 10.3390/children9010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Excessive body weight during adolescence represents a significant public health problem worldwide. Identifying factors associated with its development is crucial. We estimated the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a representative sample of 11, 13 and, 15-year-olds living in Greece and explored the association with diet-related behaviours and habits. Self-reported data on weight, height, diet-related behaviours and habits were used from 3816 students (1898 boys, 1918 girls) participants in the Greek arm of the international Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study during 2018. Overweight and obesity were defined using the 2007 WHO growth charts classification. Prevalence of overweight was 19.4% in the total sample, 24.1% for boys and 14.7% for girls, and prevalence of obesity was 5.3% in the total sample, 7.3% for boys and 3.4% for girls, respectively. In the total sample, overweight (including obesity) was positively associated with male gender, low family affluence, skipping breakfast, and being on a diet, and inversely associated with age and being physically active. Eating rarely with the family was positively associated with overweight only among boys and eating snacks/meals in front of screens only among girls. No association was noted for eating in fast-food restaurants, consuming vegetables, fruits, sweets, and sugar-sweetened beverages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Makri
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115-27 Athens, Greece; (R.M.); (P.O.)
| | - Michail Katsoulis
- Institute of Health Informatics, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London ΝW1 2DA, UK;
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, London WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Anastasios Fotiou
- University Mental Health, Neurosciences, & Precision Medicine Research Institute “Costas Stefanis” (UMHRI), 115-27 Athens, Greece; (A.F.); (E.K.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Eleftheria Kanavou
- University Mental Health, Neurosciences, & Precision Medicine Research Institute “Costas Stefanis” (UMHRI), 115-27 Athens, Greece; (A.F.); (E.K.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Myrto Stavrou
- University Mental Health, Neurosciences, & Precision Medicine Research Institute “Costas Stefanis” (UMHRI), 115-27 Athens, Greece; (A.F.); (E.K.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Clive Richardson
- Department of Economic and Regional Development, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, 176-71 Athens, Greece;
| | - Afroditi Kanellopoulou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 451-10 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Philippos Orfanos
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115-27 Athens, Greece; (R.M.); (P.O.)
| | - Vassiliki Benetou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115-27 Athens, Greece; (R.M.); (P.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-7462074
| | - Anna Kokkevi
- University Mental Health, Neurosciences, & Precision Medicine Research Institute “Costas Stefanis” (UMHRI), 115-27 Athens, Greece; (A.F.); (E.K.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kong Q, Riedewald D, Askari M. Factors Affecting Portal Usage Among Chronically Ill Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Netherlands: Cross-sectional Study. JMIR Hum Factors 2021; 8:e26003. [PMID: 34003762 PMCID: PMC8291139 DOI: 10.2196/26003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the capacity of the regular health care system, which is reflected in limited access to nonurgent care for patients who are chronically ill in the Dutch health care system. Nevertheless, many of them still depend on health care assistance to manage their illnesses. Patient portals are used to provide continued health care (remotely) and offer self-management tools during COVID-19 and potentially after. However, little is known about the factors influencing portal use and users’ satisfaction among patients who are chronically ill during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective This study aims to examine predictors of patient portal use among patients who are chronically ill, the willingness to recommend the portal to others, and the likelihood of future use among portal nonusers. Methods An online self-administered questionnaire was distributed among patients who are chronically ill via social media in May 2020. The questionnaire consisted of four parts: (1) demographics including age and hours of daily internet use; (2) physical health status including COVID-19 infection, perceived level of control, and hospital visits; (3) mental health status including depression and life satisfaction; and (4) portal use including response waiting time and awareness. Descriptive, correlation, univariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors that affect portal use, users’ willingness to recommend, and nonusers’ likelihood of future portal use. Results A total of 652 patients responded, and 461 valid questionnaires were included. Among the 461 patients, 67% (n=307) were identified as patient portal users. Of the nonusers, 55% (85/154) reported not being aware of the existence of a patient portal at their hospital. Significant predictors of portal use include level of control (P=.04), hospital visit time (P=.03), depression scale (P=.03), and status of life satisfaction (P=.02). Among portal users, waiting time to get a response via the portal (P<.001) and maximum acceptable waiting time (P<.001) were the strongest predictors for willingness to recommend the portal; among nonusers, the model predicted that those who were not aware of patient portals (P<.001) and were willing to wait moderately long (P<.001) were most likely to use the portal in the future. Conclusions This study provides insights into factors that influence portal use and willingness to recommend, based on which health care providers can improve the adoption of patient portals and their services. It suggests that health care providers should leverage efficient operations management to improve responsiveness and reduce waiting time to enhance user satisfaction and willingness to recommend use. Health care organizations need to increase portal awareness among nonusers and train their patients to increase both use and longer adoption of patient portals. Factors including depression and life satisfaction can influence portal use; therefore, future studies on determinants of portal use and nonuse in this specific population are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Kong
- Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Danique Riedewald
- Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marjan Askari
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Garrido-Miguel M, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Oliveira A, Martínez-Andrés M, Sequí-Domínguez I, Hernández-Castillejo LE, Cavero-Redondo I. Prevalence and trends of underweight in European children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:3611-3624. [PMID: 33779808 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02540-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed at providing prevalence trend estimates of underweight among children and adolescents in Europe from 2000 to 2017. METHODS MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus and CINAHL were searched from their inception up to March 2020. Moreover, searches were conducted on health institutions' websites to identify studies not published in scientific journals. Underweight was defined according to the body mass index (BMI) cut-offs proposed by the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) definition criteria. The Mantel-Haenszel method was used to compute the pooled prevalence estimates whenever there was no evidence of heterogeneity; otherwise, the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects method was used. Subgroup analyses by sex, age range (2-13 and 14-18 years old), study year (2000-2006 and 2007-2017), country and European region were conducted. RESULTS A total of 49 studies with data from 323,420 children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 years, from 26 countries were included. From 2000 to 2017, according to the IOTF criteria, the prevalence of underweight showed an increasing trend in Eastern, Northern and Southern Europe, where the underweight prevalence ranged from 9.1 to 12.0%, from 4.1 to 6.8%, and from 5.8 to 6.7%, respectively. In Western Europe, the prevalence of underweight tended to decrease, from 14.0 to 11.8%. No significant differences were found by sex or age range. CONCLUSION The prevalence of underweight is considerable (overall, around 8-9%), particularly in Eastern Europe, and follows a slight upward trend during the past decade. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42017056924.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Garrido-Miguel
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, C/ Santa Teresa Jornet, s/n, 16071, Cuenca, Spain.,Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Faculty of Nursing, Albacete, Spain
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, C/ Santa Teresa Jornet, s/n, 16071, Cuenca, Spain. .,Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Talca, Chile.
| | - Andreia Oliveira
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - María Martínez-Andrés
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, C/ Santa Teresa Jornet, s/n, 16071, Cuenca, Spain.,Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Faculty of Nursing, Albacete, Spain
| | - Irene Sequí-Domínguez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, C/ Santa Teresa Jornet, s/n, 16071, Cuenca, Spain
| | | | - Iván Cavero-Redondo
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, C/ Santa Teresa Jornet, s/n, 16071, Cuenca, Spain.,Universidad Politécnica y Artística del Paraguay, Asunción, Paraguay
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dietary Intake and Lifestyle Habits of Children Aged 10-12 Years Enrolled in the School Lunch Program in Greece: A Cross Sectional Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020493. [PMID: 33546128 PMCID: PMC7913215 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
School Lunch programs are a common strategy to address social inequalities in food access among children, especially food insecurity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary intake and lifestyle habits of children aged 10-12 years enrolled in the School Lunch Program in Greece. A cross-sectional survey of fifth and sixth grade students, School Lunch recipients (n = 609) and control subjects (n = 736), collected data on sociodemographic, nutritional and lifestyle habits via self-reported questionnaires during May-October 2019. Despite enrollment in the School Lunch Program children in this group reported consuming less meals during the day (3.47 ± 1.38 vs. 3.65 ± 1.35, p = 0.002). No differences were seen in intakes of energy and macronutrients, however School Lunch recipients reported lower intakes of cereals/potatoes and legumes but higher fruit intake (2.32 ± 1.59 vs. 1.97 ± 1.72, p < 0.05). School Lunch recipients reported 42min/d and 28min/d higher screen-time during weekdays and weekends, respectively. Linear regression highlighted that dietary quality was not associated with School Lunch enrollment but rather sleep duration and screen time had a stronger influence on dietary habits. Enrollment in a School Lunch Program was linked to sustained differences in sedentary lifestyle habits but less so in dietary habits.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kininmonth AR, Smith AD, Llewellyn CH, Dye L, Lawton CL, Fildes A. The relationship between the home environment and child adiposity: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:4. [PMID: 33407598 PMCID: PMC7788808 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01073-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive research has demonstrated the role of the Home Environment (HE) in shaping children's energy balance behaviours. Less is known about direct relationships with bodyweight. This review examines associations between the social and physical aspects of three pre-defined Home Environment domains (food, physical activity and media) and adiposity measures in children ≤12 years. METHODS Six electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, EBSCO CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycInfo) were systematically searched up to October 2020. Studies reporting at least one physical and/or social aspect of the food, physical activity and/or media domains of the Home Environment in relation to child adiposity outcomes were included (n = 62). RESULTS Most studies examined one (n = 41) or two domains (n = 16). Only five studies assessed all three domains of the Home Environment. Most consistent relationships were observed for physical aspects of the home media environment; with greater availability of electronic devices associated with higher child adiposity (21/29 studies). Findings were less consistent for the smaller number of studies examining physical aspects of the home food or physical activity environments. 8/15 studies examining physical food environments reported null associations with adiposity. Findings were similarly mixed for physical activity environments; with 4/7 reporting null associations, 2/7 reporting negative associations and 1/7 reporting positive associations between access to physical activity equipment/garden space and adiposity. Fewer studies assessed social aspects (e.g. caregiver modelling or limit setting) of the Home Environment in relation to child adiposity and findings were again mixed; 9/16 media environment, 7/11 food environment and 9/13 physical activity environment studies reported null associations with child adiposity outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The home media environment was most consistently associated with adiposity in childhood. Findings were less consistent for the home food and physical activity environments. Greater agreement on definitions and the measurement of the obesogenic home environment is required in order to clarify the strength and direction of relationships with child adiposity. Robust longitudinal research using comprehensive measures of the holistic home environment is needed to better identify which aspects contribute to excess weight gain in childhood. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO Systematic review registration number: CRD42018115139 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea D Smith
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Clare H Llewellyn
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Louise Dye
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Clare L Lawton
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Alison Fildes
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
do Amaral e Melo GR, Silva PO, Nakabayashi J, Bandeira MV, Toral N, Monteiro R. Family meal frequency and its association with food consumption and nutritional status in adolescents: A systematic review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239274. [PMID: 32946506 PMCID: PMC7500660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review evaluated the association between frequency of family meals (FFM) and nutritional status (NS) and/or food consumption (FC) in adolescents. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42017062180) and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. No publication date, language, or meal type restrictions were imposed. Only full-text original articles were included; qualitative studies were excluded. Studies were identified by searching 5 electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, BVS Brazil, and Adolec) and gray literature (Google Scholar) and by scanning reference lists of included articles. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for cohort and cross-sectional studies. Initial search yielded 2001 results and 47 articles were included. An updated literature search added 3 articles. Of the 50 studies included, 25 studied the association between FFM and NS, 32 investigated the association between FFM and FC, being that seven studies analyzed both outcomes. Thirty-four were cross-sectional studies, 12 were longitudinal studies, and 4 studies analyzed both cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Thirty-five studies were rated as having good quality, whereas 19 were of fair quality. Sample size ranged from 140 to 102 072 participants. Most investigations evaluated the frequency of breakfast, lunch, and/or dinner/supper/evening meals over a 1-week period. Seventeen studies identified a positive relationship between high FFM and better NS, and 26 found a positive association between high FFM and better FC. In conclusion, this review showed an association between FFM and healthy dietary patterns, such as increased consumption of fruits and vegetables. Further research is needed to understand the association between FFM and NS, since some studies showed a protective role of family meals against obesity in this age group, whereas other studies identified no significant association between these variables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Priscila Olin Silva
- Department of Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Jennifer Nakabayashi
- Department of Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | | | - Natacha Toral
- Department of Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Renata Monteiro
- Department of Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Blanchet R, Kengneson CC, Bodnaruc AM, Gunter A, Giroux I. Factors Influencing Parents' and Children's Misperception of Children's Weight Status: a Systematic Review of Current Research. Curr Obes Rep 2019; 8:373-412. [PMID: 31701349 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-019-00361-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Misperception of children's weight status is prevalent among parents and children themselves and may impact parents' and children's health behaviors. This study was conducted in order to provide a descriptive systematic review of research on factors influencing parents' and children's misperceptions of children's weight status published in the past 5 years. RECENT FINDINGS Factors studied most often in relation to parents' and children's misperception included children's weight status, gender, and age, as well as parents' weight status, parental education levels and socioeconomic status, and ethnicity. Most determinants that were found to have a significant influence on misperception in parents also did in children. The literature on misperception of children's weight status is extensive. Most determinants assessed in included studies were known determinants of childhood obesity. Further research should be directed toward better understanding the impact of weight status perception (whether it is accurate or not) on health behaviors and weight gain over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosanne Blanchet
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural, Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Cris-Carelle Kengneson
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Alexandra M Bodnaruc
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ashley Gunter
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Isabelle Giroux
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
The interactive effect of pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy on the weight status in infancy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15960. [PMID: 31685839 PMCID: PMC6828655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to assess whether hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) could modify the effect of pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity (OWO) on the risk of offspring high body mass index (BMI) in infancy. A total of 3,765 mother-child pairs were recruited from two Chinese birth cohorts. BMI ≥ 85th percentile, based on World Health Organization criteria, was defined as a high BMI for the risk of developing severe obesity in later life. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the combined effects and multiplicative interactions of pre-pregnancy OWO + HDP on offspring high BMI. Relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) or attributable proportion (AP) was used to estimate additive interactions. RERI > 0 or AP > 0 indicates a significant additive interaction. Compared with the non-OWO and normal blood pressure group, the combination of OWO + HDP was positively associated with offspring high BMI at 12 months of age [OR 3.10 (95%CI 1.59, 6.04)], with 51% of the effects attributed to an additive interaction [AP 0.51 (95%CI 0.13, 0.89)]. An interactive effect was found between the pre-pregnancy OWO + HDP and offspring high BMI in infancy. Interventions to control pre-pregnancy OWO and HDP are important to prevent obesity and associated adverse outcomes in offspring.
Collapse
|
17
|
Garrido-Miguel M, Cavero-Redondo I, Álvarez-Bueno C, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Moreno LA, Ruiz JR, Ahrens W, Martínez-Vizcaíno V. Prevalence and Trends of Overweight and Obesity in European Children From 1999 to 2016: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2019; 173:e192430. [PMID: 31381031 PMCID: PMC6686782 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.2430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Studies of trends in excess weight among European children throughout the last few decades have rendered mixed results. Additionally, some studies were outdated, were based on self-reported weight and height, or included only a few European countries. OBJECTIVE To assess prevalence trends in measured overweight and obesity among children across Europe from 1999 to 2016 using a systematic methodology. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched from their inception until May 2018. Moreover, searches were conducted on health institutions' websites to identify studies not published in scientific journals. STUDY SELECTION The inclusion criteria were: (1) studies reporting the population-based prevalence of excess weight (overweight plus obesity) or obesity according to body mass index cutoffs proposed by the International Obesity Task Force; (2) cross-sectional or follow-up studies; and (3) studies including populations aged 2 to 13 years. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Literature review and data extraction followed established guidelines. The Mantel-Haenszel method was used to compute the pooled prevalence estimates and their 95% CI whenever there was no evidence of heterogeneity (I2 < 50%); otherwise, the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects method was used. Subgroup analyses by study year, country, or European region (Atlantic, Iberian, Central, and Mediterranean) were conducted. Prevalence estimates were calculated as an aggregate mean, weighted by the sample size and the number of individuals in each study. RESULTS A total of 103 studies (477 620 children aged 2 to 13 years) with data from 28 countries were included. The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity in the Iberian region tended to decrease from 30.3% (95% CI, 28.3%-32.3%) to 25.6% (95% CI, 19.7%-31.4%) but tended to increase in the Mediterranean region from 22.9% (95% CI, 17.9%-27.9%) to 25.0% (95% CI, 14.5%-35.5%). No substantial changes were observed in Atlantic Europe or Central Europe, where the overweight and obesity prevalence changed from 18.3% (95% CI, 14.0%-23.9%) to 19.3% (95% CI, 17.7%-20.9%) and from 15.8% (95% CI, 13.4%-18.5%) to 15.3% (95% CI, 11.6%-20.3%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity is very high, but trends have stabilized in most European countries. There are substantial between-country differences in the current levels and trends of overweight and obesity. The rising prevalence in some Mediterranean countries is worrisome. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO identifier: CRD42017056924.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Iván Cavero-Redondo
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Celia Álvarez-Bueno
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain,CIBERESP and IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis A. Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain ,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain; ,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonatan R. Ruiz
- Promoting Fitness And Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology–BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain,Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Talca, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Carbert NS, Brussoni M, Geller J, Mâsse LC. Familial Environment and Overweight/Obese Adolescents' Physical Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16142558. [PMID: 31319635 PMCID: PMC6679148 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16142558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Family environments can impact obesity risk among adolescents. Little is known about the mechanisms by which parents can influence obesity-related adolescent health behaviours and specifically how parenting practices (e.g., rules or routines) and/or their own health behaviours relate to their adolescent’s behaviours. The primary aim of the study explored, in a sample of overweight/obese adolescents, how parenting practices and/or parental modeling of physical activity (PA) behaviours relate to adolescents’ PA while examining the moderating role of parenting styles and family functioning. (2) Methods: A total of 172 parent-adolescent dyads completed surveys about their PA and wore an accelerometer for eight days to objectively measure PA. Parents completed questionnaires about their family functioning, parenting practices, and styles (authoritative and permissive). Path analysis was used for the analyses. (3) Results: More healthful PA parenting practices and parental modeling of PA were both associated with higher levels of adolescents’ self-reported moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). For accelerometer PA, more healthful PA parenting practices were associated with adolescents’ increased MVPA when parents used a more permissive parenting style. (4) Conclusions: This study suggests that parenting practices and parental modeling play a role in adolescent’s PA. The family’s emotional/relational context also warrants consideration since parenting style moderated these effects. This study emphasizes the importance of incorporating parenting styles into current familial interventions to improve their efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole S Carbert
- School of Population & Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Mariana Brussoni
- School of Population & Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Josie Geller
- St Paul's Eating Disorder Program, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Louise C Mâsse
- School of Population & Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lee CY, Ledoux TA, Johnston CA, Ayala GX, O'Connor DP. Association of parental body mass index (BMI) with child's health behaviors and child's BMI depend on child's age. BMC OBESITY 2019; 6:11. [PMID: 30984404 PMCID: PMC6442408 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-019-0232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Parent’s and child’s body mass index (BMI) are strongly associated, but their relationship varies by child’s sex and age. Parental BMI reflects, among other factors, parents’ behaviors and home environment, which influence their child’s behaviors and weight. This study examined the indirect effect of parent’s BMI on child’s BMI via child health behaviors, conditional on child’s sex and age. Methods Data from 2039 children and 1737 parents from eight cities of the U.S. involved in the Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration project tested the association between parental BMI and child’s percentage of 95th BMI percentile (%BMIp95). A generalized structural equation modeling approach to path analysis was used to estimate and test simultaneously the associations among parental BMI and child’s health behaviors and BMI across three age groups (preschool 2-4 yr., elementary 5-10 yr., and middle school 11-12 yr). Child’s health behaviors were examined as mediators. Results Parental BMI was related to %BMIp95 across all age groups, and was strongest in 11-12 yr. children. Parental BMI was positively associated with boys’ fruit and vegetable (FV) intake and girls’ sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake. Compared to 2-4 yr., older children had less FVs and physical activity, more screen time and SSB, and higher %BMIp95. Mediation effects were not significant. Conclusions Parental BMI was associated with child’s %BMIp95 and some child behaviors, and this association was stronger in older children; older children also exhibited less healthy behaviors. Age- and sex-specific interventions that focus on age-related decreases in healthy behaviors and parental strategies for promoting healthy behaviors among at-risk children are needed to address this epidemic of childhood obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Che Young Lee
- 1Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street Garrison Gym 104, Houston, TX 77204-6015 USA
| | - Tracey A Ledoux
- 1Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street Garrison Gym 104, Houston, TX 77204-6015 USA
| | - Craig A Johnston
- 1Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street Garrison Gym 104, Houston, TX 77204-6015 USA
| | - Guadalupe X Ayala
- 2Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, 92182-4162 CA USA
| | - Daniel P O'Connor
- 1Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street Garrison Gym 104, Houston, TX 77204-6015 USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Blanco M, Veiga OL, Sepúlveda AR, Izquierdo-Gomez R, Román FJ, López S, Rojo M. [Family environment, physical activity and sedentarism in preadolescents with childhood obesity: ANOBAS case-control study]. Aten Primaria 2019; 52:250-257. [PMID: 30898477 PMCID: PMC7118555 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo Comparar los niveles de actividad física y sedentarismo en niños con obesidad y normopeso, y analizar el nivel de actividad física del cuidador principal junto con el ambiente familiar. Diseño Estudio caso-control. Emplazamiento Un centro de salud y colegios de la Comunidad de Madrid. Participantes Un total de 50 niños con obesidad entre 8 y 12 años (GO; P > 97) y sus madres, fueron emparejados por edad, sexo y estatus socioeconómico de sus padres (1:1) con 50 niños con normopeso (GN; P < 85). Mediciones principales Los niveles de actividad física se midieron por acelerometría (ActiGraph GT3X), la actividad física del cuidador principal con el cuestionario de actividad física (IPAQ) y el ambiente con el cuestionario de ambiente familiar (HES-S). Resultados El grupo GO presentó menos actividad física de tipo vigoroso al compararse con el grupo GN. La actividad física vigorosa en el GO se asoció al modelado y las políticas parentales respecto a la actividad física. Un análisis de regresión múltiple muestra que el 21% de la varianza del estatus de peso de los niños se explicaba por la actividad física vigorosa y el índice de masa corporal materno. Conclusiones Los niveles de actividad física vigorosa y el ambiente familiar difieren entre los niños con obesidad y normopeso. Por lo tanto, es importante seguir trabajando la conciencia de enfermedad y la promoción de hábitos saludables desde Atención Primaria y el contexto escolar e institucional.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Blanco
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.
| | - Oscar L Veiga
- Departamento de Educación Física, Deporte y Motricidad Humana, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Ana R Sepúlveda
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Rocío Izquierdo-Gomez
- Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Francisco J Román
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Sara López
- Departamento de Enfermería Pediátrica, Centro de Salud Daroca, Madrid, España
| | - Marta Rojo
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Orden AB, Lamarque MS, Chan D, Mayer MA. Short sleep and low milk intake are associated with obesity in a community of school aged children from Argentina. Am J Hum Biol 2019; 31:e23224. [PMID: 30779467 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Understanding the factors related to obesity during childhood allows for improved preventive actions specifically adapted to particular communities. The purpose of this study was to identify individual and familiar factors related to obesity in children. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban community in Argentina during the years 2015-2016. Weight and height were measured on a probabilistic sample of 1366 schoolchildren aged 6 to 12 years. BMI categories were established according to International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-offs. Data were analyzed using multivariate and logistic regression models. Independent variables corresponded to four domains: anthropometric, socioeconomic and demographic, nutritional, and energy balance. RESULTS Twenty percent of children were categorized as overweight (OW) and 12.2% were obese (OB). Parental IOTF grade was positively associated with childhood OW/OB (father B = 0.421 P = 0.000, OR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.24-1.88; mother B = 0.498 P = 0.000, OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.37-1.97). The remaining variables were negatively associated with OW/OB: hours of sleep (B = -0.566 P = 0.001, OR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.41-0.79), physical activity (B = -0.362 P = 0.017, OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0-52-0.94), and daily milk intake (B = -0.178 P = 0.045, OR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.70-0.99). Parental IOTF predicted both OW and OB, while sleep hours predicted OW and physical activity predicted OB. CONCLUSIONS Family should be considered the initial target for effective strategies to reduce obesity. Like physical activity, the promotion of milk and dairy intake, as well as sleep, may have a major role in obesity reduction because of their protective effects in this community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia B Orden
- Investigador Independiente, CONICET Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP-MS/CIC, PBA) Hospital de NIños Sor M. Ludovica La Plata ARGENTINA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (MS/CIC, PBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Muriel S Lamarque
- Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (MS/CIC, PBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Débora Chan
- Facultad Regional Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, UTN
| | - Marcos A Mayer
- Investigador Independiente, CONICET Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP-MS/CIC, PBA) Hospital de NIños Sor M. Ludovica La Plata ARGENTINA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UNLPam), Santa Rosa (LP).,Fundación Centro de Salud e Investigaciones Médicas (CESIM), Santa Rosa (LP)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Snack cost and percentage of body fat in Chinese children and adolescents: a longitudinal study. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:2079-2086. [PMID: 29987575 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1769-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Only a few studies examined the relationship between snack cost and change in the percentage of body fat in children. We thus conducted a longitudinal study to investigate whether high snack cost is associated with fast increase in the percentage of body fat in Chinese children. METHODS The study included 2368 children (1126 girls and 1242 boys, aged 6-14 years). Percentage of body fat was repeatedly assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis in 2014 (baseline), 2015 and 2016. Snack cost in 2014 was estimated by self-report associated with purchasing snacks at school and classified into low, moderate, and high group. Association between snack cost and repeated percentage of body fat was analyzed with linear mixed models, adjusting for demographic factors, diet, physical activity, and parental BMI and education. RESULTS High snack cost was significantly associated with a fast increase in the percentage of body fat over time (p trend = 0.04). Adjusted difference in annual increase rate in percentage of body fat between the high and low snack cost group was 0.31% [95% confident interval (CI) 0.04%, 0.58%], after adjusting for potential confounders. The impacts of snack cost on change in the percentage of body fat were more pronounced in boys, younger participants and those with higher BMI z-score at the baseline, relative to their counterparts (p interaction < 0.001 for all). CONCLUSIONS High snack cost was associated with more gain of body fat in Chinese school-aged children.
Collapse
|
23
|
Food sources of free sugars in children's diet and identification of lifestyle patterns associated with free sugars intake: the GRECO (Greek Childhood Obesity) study. Public Health Nutr 2018; 19:2326-35. [PMID: 27515790 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980015003146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Excessive free sugars consumption has a possible role in health issues, diet quality and obesity development. The present cross-sectional study aimed to identify the major food sources of free sugars in Greek children's diet and investigate possible associations of dietary patterns with free sugars intake. DESIGN Anthropometric measurements and information on dietary and physical activity habits were obtained. Energy and free sugars intake coming from foods were estimated and principal components analysis was applied to identify dietary patterns. SETTING The GRECO (Greek Childhood Obesity) study. SUBJECTS Nationwide sample of 3089 children (aged 10-12 years). RESULTS Adopting WHO criteria, 44·2 % of participants were categorized as having free sugars intake above 10 % of total energy intake. Mean contribution of free sugars to energy intake was 11·2 %, and the major food sources of free sugars differed from those of other childhood populations. Free sugars intake was not associated with overweight/obesity. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that two lifestyle and dietary patterns, characterized by higher consumption of sweets, fast foods, fries, sugared drinks, frequently ordering/eating outside home and having meals in front of a screen (pattern 1) and higher consumption of whole fruits, 100 % fruit juices, vegetables, legumes and honey/jam (pattern 2), were positively associated with free sugars intake. CONCLUSIONS A large proportion of children exceeded the recommended cut-off and free sugars intake was associated with lifestyle patterns rather than single foods. Public health programmes aiming to reduce free sugars consumption should be tailored on promoting the correct dietary habits of specific childhood populations.
Collapse
|
24
|
Magriplis E, Farajian P, Panagiotakos DB, Risvas G, Zampelas A. The relationship between behavioral factors, weight status and a dietary pattern in primary school aged children: The GRECO study. Clin Nutr 2018; 38:310-316. [PMID: 29398340 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Numerous factors have been associated with the increase in childhood overweight and obesity, including environmental, dietary and behavioral. The latter have been associated with unhealthy eating behaviors but studies of their relation to dietary patterns are limited. Dietary patterns serve as a better means to evaluate children's diet and risk of obesity and therefore the aim of the study was to examine the relationship of behavioral factors with a specific dietary pattern developed for children (child derived Food Index (cdFI)), and to assess how behavioral and diet are related to children's weight status when addressed together in a model. METHODS Study included school-aged children (n = 4434) from the Greek Childhood Obesity study (GRECO), a cross-sectional survey. Participants self-reported behavioral habits and dietary intake, using a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). A high dietary pattern-cdFI is related to a healthier dietary pattern. Anthropometric data were measured. Multiple linear and logistic regressions were performed, adjusting for age and gender. RESULTS The dietary pattern was positively associated with sleep, family meals and study hours, and was inversely associated with total screen time, frequency of eating out and eating while on some screen. Overweight and obese children were more likely to have a lower cdFI score (2%), sleep less (8%) and report more study hours (6%). CONCLUSION In order to reduce and prevent child overweight and obesity, interventions probably need to address specific behavioral and dietary patterns together.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuela Magriplis
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece.
| | - Paul Farajian
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Science of Dietetics - Nutrition, Harokopio University, El. Venizelou 70, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Grigoris Risvas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis Zampelas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been few prospective studies on the association between anxiety disorders and adolescent obesity; none examine potential reciprocal effects. PURPOSE The purpose of this paper is to examine the prospective association between anxiety disorders and obesity among adolescents. METHODS Using data from a two-wave, prospective study of 3134 adolescents, we examined reciprocal effects between body weight and DSM-IV anxiety disorders. RESULTS Weight status did not increase future risk of anxiety disorders nor did anxiety disorders at baseline increase risk of future obesity in the overall sample. Stratifying by gender revealed an increased risk of overweight and obesity in males with anxiety disorders, but not for females. Major depression did not mediate these associations. CONCLUSION Similar to prospective studies of depression, it appears anxiety disorders may increase risk of obesity. However, more research is needed on the role of psychopathology in adolescent obesity, in particular anxiety disorders and possible moderators (such as gender) and mediators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Roberts
- UTHealth School of Public Health, San Antonio Regional Campus, 7411 John Smith Drive, Suite 1100, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA. .,Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, San Antonio Regional Campus, 7411 John Smith Drive, Suite 1100, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA. .,University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, San Antonio Regional Campus, 7411 John Smith Drive, Suite 1100, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
| | - Hao T Duong
- Centers for Disease Control, 5/F 2 Ngo Quyen St., Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhao T, Lin Z, Zhu H, Wang C, Jia W. Impact of body fat percentage change on future diabetes in subjects with normal glucose tolerance. IUBMB Life 2017; 69:947-955. [PMID: 29130609 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the work was to determine the effect of body fat change on risk of diabetes in normal glucose tolerance (NGT) population. A total of 1,857 NGT subjects were included and followed up for an average period of 44.57 months. Body fat percentage (BF%) was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Subjects were grouped based on the BF% and/or body mass index (BMI) state. Among all subjects, 28 developed diabetes after follow-up. Compared with subjects with stable normal BF% (control), subjects who became obesity at follow-up were defects in insulin secretion and had a higher risk of developing diabetes (7.102, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.740-28.993), while no difference in diabetic risk could be viewed between subjects with abnormal BF% at baseline but normal at the end of follow-up and control subjects after adjustment of confounding factors. Moreover, compared with those keeping normal BF% and BMI both at baseline and follow-up, subjects who had normal BMI at baseline and follow-up, but abnormal BF% at baseline or/and follow-up still had a higher risk to develop diabetes (4.790, 95% CI 1.061-21.621), while those with normal BF% at baseline and follow-up, but abnormal BMI at baseline or/and follow-up had not. Subjects from normal BF% at baseline to obese at follow-up are associated with an increased risk of diabetes. Maintaining normal body fat is more relevant than BMI in preventing diabetes. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(12):947-955, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianxue Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Does maternal pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity influence offspring's growth patterns from birth up to 7years? The ABCD-study. Early Hum Dev 2017; 113:62-70. [PMID: 28787620 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight is known to program offspring for adverse health outcomes later in life. AIMS To investigate how growth patterns of weight, height and BMI from birth to 7years differ according to maternal pre-pregnancy weight (normal weight, overweight and obesity), with specific attention for sex differences. STUDY DESIGN Prospective multi-ethnic ABCD-study. SUBJECTS 3805 mother-child pairs were included. Self-reported maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index was categorized into: normal weight (18.5-25kg/m2; n=3354), overweight (25-30kg/m2; n=711) and obesity (≥30kg/m2; n=241). OUTCOME MEASURES Population-specific growth patterns were used to compute SD-scores for weight, height and BMI (on average 12.7 (SD=2.6) measurements for each child) for term born boys and girls separately. Mixed effect models were fitted to these SD-scores to determine the effect of pre-pregnancy BMI category on postnatal growth, corrected for maternal characteristics. RESULTS Compared to children of mothers with normal weight before pregnancy, children of overweight mothers grew faster in weight and BMI (boys and girls) and children of obese mothers grew faster in height (only girls), weight and BMI (boys and girls) during the first years of life. The differences seemed to increase with age and were in general larger in girls. CONCLUSION Maternal overweight and obesity impact on offspring's weight, height and BMI growth pattern with increasing differences when children age. Effects were in general stronger for girls. These results suggest that a healthy weight before pregnancy may be beneficial for optimal weight, height and BMI growth in the offspring.
Collapse
|
28
|
Chi DL, Luu M, Chu F. A scoping review of epidemiologic risk factors for pediatric obesity: Implications for future childhood obesity and dental caries prevention research. J Public Health Dent 2017; 77 Suppl 1:S8-S31. [PMID: 28600842 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTIONS What are the non-modifiable (socioeconomic, genetic) and modifiable factors (physical activity, dietary behaviors) related to childhood (under age 12) obesity? How can this knowledge be applied to oral health professionals' efforts to prevent or manage dental caries in children? OBJECTIVES Studies have identified risk factors for childhood obesity. The purpose of this scoping review was to develop a conceptual model to identify non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors for childhood obesity and to illustrate how these findings are relevant in developing interventions aimed at preventing obesity and dental caries in children. METHODS The authors searched PubMed and Embase and limited the study to English-language publications. A total of 2,572 studies were identified. After de-duplication, 2,479 studies remained and were downloaded into a citation-management tool. Two authors screened the titles and abstracts for relevance. Two hundred and sixty studies remained and were retrieved for a full-text review, and 80 studies were excluded, resulting in 180 studies included in the scoping review. An inductive content analytic methods was used to organize all statistically significant obesity risk factors into seven domains, which were classified as non-modifiable or modifiable; then a conceptual model of common risk factors associated with childhood obesity and dental caries was developed. RESULTS Non-modifiable obesity risk factors include biological and developmental (e.g., genes, developmental conditions, puberty), sociodemographic and household (e.g., race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, parent education, unemployment), cultural (e.g., degree of acculturation), and community (e.g., neighborhood composition). Modifiable risk factors included behavioral (e.g., diet, physical activity, weight), psychosocial (e.g., maternal stress, family functioning, parenting practices, child temperament), and medical (e.g., parent smoking, maternal health, child health). CONCLUSIONS Identifying common risk factors has important implications for future oral health research aimed at preventing childhood obesity and dental caries. Epidemiologic knowledge gleaned from the literature can be used to develop rigorous interventions and programs aimed at preventing these highly prevalent diseases and improving health outcomes for children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donald L Chi
- Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Monique Luu
- Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Frances Chu
- Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cook WK, Tseng W, Bautista R, John I. Ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and overweight in Asian American adolescents. Prev Med Rep 2016; 4:233-7. [PMID: 27413687 PMCID: PMC4929066 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Asian American children and adolescents are an under-investigated subpopulation in obesity research. This study aimed to identify specific profiles of Asian subgroups at high risk of adolescent overweight with special attention to Asian ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and their interaction. Multiple logistic regression models were fitted using a sample of 1533 Asian American adolescents ages 12–17 from the 2007–2012 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS). In addition to Asian ethnicity and socioeconomic status (assessed by family income and parental education level), age, gender, nativity, and two lifestyle variables, fast food consumption and physical activity, were also controlled for in these models. Key predictors of overweight in Asian American adolescents included certain Asian ethnicities (Southeast Asian, Filipino, and mixed ethnicities), low family income (< 300% of the Federal Poverty Level), and being male. Multiplicative interaction terms between low family income and two ethnicities, Southeast Asian and Vietnamese that had the lowest SES among Asian ethnic groups, were significantly associated with greatly elevated odds of being overweight (ORs = 12.90 and 6.67, respectively). These findings suggest that high risk of overweight in Asian American adolescents associated with low family incomes may be further elevated for those in low-income ethnic groups. Future research might investigate ethnic-group SES as a meaningful indicator of community-level socioeconomic disparities that influence the health of Asian Americans. Southeast Asian and Filipino ethnicities were associated with adolescent overweight. Low family income was positively associated with Asian adolescent overweight. Ethnicity and low family income interacted to increase risk of adolescent overweight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Won Kim Cook
- Asian & Pacific Islander American Health Forum, United States
- Corresponding author.
| | | | | | - Iyanrick John
- Asian & Pacific Islander American Health Forum, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Carson V, Hunter S, Kuzik N, Gray CE, Poitras VJ, Chaput JP, Saunders TJ, Katzmarzyk PT, Okely AD, Connor Gorber S, Kho ME, Sampson M, Lee H, Tremblay MS. Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth: an update. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 41:S240-65. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 656] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review is an update examining the relationships between objectively and subjectively measured sedentary behaviour and health indicators in children and youth aged 5–17 years. EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Medline were searched in December 2014, and date limits were imposed (≥February 2010). Included studies were peer-reviewed and met the a priori-determined population (apparently healthy children and youth, mean age: 5–17 years), intervention (durations, patterns, and types of sedentary behaviours), comparator (various durations, patterns, and types of sedentary behaviours), and outcome (critical: body composition, metabolic syndrome/cardiovascular disease risk factors, behavioural conduct/pro-social behaviour, academic achievement; important: fitness, self-esteem) study criteria. Quality of evidence by outcome was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework. Due to heterogeneity, a narrative analysis was conducted. A total of 235 studies (194 unique samples) were included representing 1 657 064 unique participants from 71 different countries. Higher durations/frequencies of screen time and television (TV) viewing were associated with unfavourable body composition. Higher duration/frequency of TV viewing was also associated with higher clustered cardiometabolic risk scores. Higher durations of TV viewing and video game use were associated with unfavourable behavioural conduct/pro-social behaviour. Higher durations of reading and doing homework were associated with higher academic achievement. Higher duration of screen time was associated with lower fitness. Higher durations of screen time and computer use were associated with lower self-esteem. Evidence ranged from “very low” to “moderate” quality. Higher quality studies using reliable and valid sedentary behaviour measures should confirm this largely observational evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Carson
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada
| | - Stephen Hunter
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada
| | - Nicholas Kuzik
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada
| | - Casey E. Gray
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Veronica J. Poitras
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Travis J. Saunders
- Applied Human Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | | | - Anthony D. Okely
- Early Start Research Institute, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - Sarah Connor Gorber
- Office of the Task Force on Preventive Health Care, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Michelle E. Kho
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada
| | - Margaret Sampson
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Helena Lee
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada
| | - Mark S. Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Caneiro JP, Labie C, Sulley E, Briggs AM, Straker LM, Burnett AF, O'Sullivan PB. An exploration of familial associations of two movement pattern-derived subgroups of chronic disabling low back pain; a cross-sectional cohort study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:202-10. [PMID: 26874816 DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered movement patterns with pain have been demonstrated in children, adolescents and adults with chronic disabling low back pain (CDLBP). A previously developed classification system has identified different subgroups including active extension and multidirectional patterns in patients with CDLBP. While familial associations have been identified for certain spinal postures in standing, it is unknown whether a familial relationship might exist between movement pattern-derived subgroups in families with CDLBP. OBJECTIVES This study explored whether familial associations in movement pattern-derived subgroups within and between members of families with CDLBP existed. DESIGN Cross-sectional cohort study. METHOD 33 parents and 28 children with CDLBP were classified into two subgroups based on clinical analysis of video footage of postures and functional movements, combined with aggravating factors obtained from Oswestry Disability Questionnaire. Prevalence of subgroups within family members was determined, associations between parent and child's subgroup membership was evaluated using Fisher's exact test, and spearman's correlation coefficient was used to determine the strength of association between familial dyads. RESULTS The majority of parents were classified as active extenders, sons predominately multidirectional and daughters were evenly distributed between the two subgroups. No significant association was found when comparing subgroups in nine parent-child relationships. CONCLUSIONS The exploration of a small cohort of family dyads in this study demonstrated that children's movement pattern-derived subgroups could not be explained by their parents' subgroup membership. These results cannot be generalised to the CLBP population due to this study's small sample. Larger sample studies are needed to further elucidate this issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joao Paulo Caneiro
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia.
| | - Céline Labie
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia.
| | - Emma Sulley
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia.
| | - Andrew M Briggs
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia; Arthritis and Osteoporosis Victoria, Australia.
| | - Leon M Straker
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia.
| | - Angus F Burnett
- ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, PO Box 29222, Doha, Qatar; School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Peter B O'Sullivan
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Upperman C, Palmieri P, Lin H, Flores G, Turer CB. What do parents want for their children who are overweight when visiting the paediatrician? Obes Sci Pract 2015; 1:33-40. [PMID: 28580163 PMCID: PMC5450825 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to determine whether parental preferences regarding primary care weight‐management strategies differ by child age, gender, overweight severity, race/ethnicity or parental agreement that their child is overweight. Methods A survey was administered to parents of 2‐ to 18‐year‐old children who are overweight at an academic primary‐care clinic regarding perception of child overweight, helpful/harmfulness of having the child present during weight discussions, and dietary‐advice preferences. Multivariable analyses examined factors associated with preferred weight‐management strategies, after adjustment for parent/child characteristics. Results Eighty‐three per cent of parents agreed that a child's presence during weight discussions is helpful/very helpful, 74% that paediatricians should prescribe specific diets, and 55% preferred specific vs. general dietary advice only (N = 219). In multivariable analyses, characteristics associated with helpfulness of child presence included older child age (vs. 2–5 year olds, 6–11 year olds: odds ratio [OR], 4.6; 95% CI, 1.3–16; 12‐ to 18‐year‐olds: OR, 23; 95% CI, 4–136), male gender (OR, 5.0; 95% CI, 1.7–10) and obesity (vs. overweight: OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.7–12). Characteristics associated with preferring specific diets included Latino race/ethnicity (OR, 5.3; 95% CI, 3–12), older age (vs. 2–5 year olds, 6–11 year olds: OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.1–7; 12–18 year olds: OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 1.5–10) and agreement that the child is overweight (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.1–5) and, for specific dietary advice, older age (vs. 2–5 year olds: OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.1–5) and agreement that the child is overweight (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.2–4). Conclusions Findings suggest that weight‐management strategies tailored to child age, gender, overweight severity, race/ethnicity and parental agreement that their child is overweight may prove useful in improving child weight status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. Upperman
- School of Medicine; UT Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas TX USA
| | - P. Palmieri
- Department of Pediatrics; UT Southwestern and Children's Medical Center; Dallas TX USA
| | - H. Lin
- Department of Pediatrics; UT Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas TX USA
| | - G. Flores
- Department of Pediatrics; UT Southwestern and Children's Medical Center; Dallas TX USA
| | - C. B. Turer
- Department of Pediatrics; UT Southwestern and Children's Medical Center; Dallas TX USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Shirasawa T, Ochiai H, Nanri H, Nishimura R, Ohtsu T, Hoshino H, Tajima N, Kokaze A. The relationship between distorted body image and lifestyle among Japanese adolescents: a population-based study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [PMID: 26196011 PMCID: PMC4507316 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-015-0082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Distorted body image plays a significant role in the development of obesity, eating problems, and eating disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between distorted body image and lifestyle among Japanese adolescent boys and girls. Methods Subjects were 1731 seventh graders (age 12–13 years) from the Ina-town’s junior high schools, Japan, from 2005–2009. The height and weight of each subject were measured. Childhood underweight, overweight, and obesity were defined using the body mass index cutoff points proposed by the International Obesity Task Force. Information regarding the self-perceived weight status and lifestyles (exercise, snacking after dinner, breakfast, wakeup time, bedtime) of each subject was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Self-perceived weight status was categorized into three groups (thin, normal, or heavy), and compared with the subjects’ actual weight status. Body image perception was categorized into the following three groups: an underestimated own weight status group (underestimated group), a correct own weight status group (correct group) and an overestimated own weight status group (overestimated group). Results The proportion of boys in the underestimated group was higher than that of girls, while the opposite was true for the overestimated group (P < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in lifestyle between the underestimated group and the correct group regardless of sex. In contrast, there were statistically significant differences between the overestimated group and the correct group in the lifestyle factors of exercise among boys and snacking after dinner among girls. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) in boys who exercised daily significantly decreased (OR: 0.35, 95 % CI: 0.16–0.77), while a significantly increased OR was observed in girls who snacked after dinner (OR: 1.53, 95 % CI: 1.07–2.19). Conclusion Adolescent boys tended to underestimate their body weight, whereas adolescent girls were likely to overestimate their body weight. Furthermore, lifestyle factors associated with distorted body image differed by sex, with exercise affecting body image perception among boys and snacking after dinner affecting body image perception among girls. Thus, lifestyle may lead to distorted body image among adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takako Shirasawa
- Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ochiai
- Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hinako Nanri
- Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rimei Nishimura
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Ohtsu
- Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Hoshino
- Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Tajima
- Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akatsuki Kokaze
- Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|