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Carvalho MI, Silva-Carvalho R, Prada J, Pinto C, Gregório H, Lobo L, Pires I, Queiroga FL. TGFβ in malignant canine mammary tumors: relation with angiogenesis, immunologic markers and prognostic role. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-12. [PMID: 39165025 PMCID: PMC11340227 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2390941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) and FoxP3 regulatory T cells (Treg) are involved in human breast carcinogenesis. This topic is not well documented in canine mammary tumors (CMT). In this work, the tumoral TGFβ expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 67 malignant CMT and its correlation to previously determined FoxP3, VEGF, and CD31 markers and other clinicopathologic parameters was evaluated. The high levels of TGFβ were statistically significantly associated with skin ulceration, tumor necrosis, high histological grade of malignancy (HGM), presence of neoplastic intravascular emboli and presence of lymph node metastases. The observed levels of TGFβ were positively correlated with intratumoral FoxP3 (strong correlation), VEGF (weak correlation) and CD31 (moderate correlation). Tumors that presented a concurrent high expression of TGFβ/FoxP3, TGFβ/VEGF, and TGFβ/CD31 markers were statistically significantly associated with parameters of tumor malignancy (high HGM, presence of vascular emboli and nodal metastasis). Additionally, shorter overall survival (OS) time was statistically significantly associated with tumors with an abundant TGFβ expression and with concurrent high expression of TGFβ/FoxP3, TGFβ/VEGF, and TGFβ/CD31. The presence of lymph node metastasis increased 11 times the risk of disease-related death, arising as an independent predictor of poor prognosis in the multivariable analysis. In conclusion, TGFβ and Treg cells seem involved in tumor progression emerging as potential therapeutic targets for future immunotherapy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isabel Carvalho
- MVET Research in Veterinary Medicine. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University – Lisbon Centre, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Silva-Carvalho
- CEB – Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS – Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Justina Prada
- Veterinary and Animal Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carla Pinto
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Hugo Gregório
- Anicura Centro Hospitalar Veterinário, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luis Lobo
- MVET Research in Veterinary Medicine. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University – Lisbon Centre, Lisboa, Portugal
- Onevet Hospital Veterinário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Center for the Study of Animal Sciences, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Pires
- Veterinary and Animal Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Felisbina L. Queiroga
- Veterinary and Animal Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Center for the Study of Animal Sciences, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Portugal
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Liang T, Liu J, Liu F, Su X, Li X, Zeng J, Chen F, Wen H, Chen Y, Tao J, Lei Q, Li G, Cheng P. Application of Pro-angiogenic Biomaterials in Myocardial Infarction. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:37505-37529. [PMID: 39281944 PMCID: PMC11391569 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Biomaterials have potential applications in the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI). These biomaterials have the ability to mechanically support the ventricular wall and to modulate the inflammatory, metabolic, and local electrophysiological microenvironment. In addition, they can play an equally important role in promoting angiogenesis, which is the primary prerequisite for the treatment of MI. A variety of biomaterials are known to exert pro-angiogenic effects, but the pro-angiogenic mechanisms and functions of different biomaterials are complex and diverse, and have not yet been systematically described. This review will focus on the pro-angiogenesis of biomaterials and systematically describe the mechanisms and functions of different biomaterials in promoting angiogenesis in MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400050, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400050, P. R. China
| | - Feila Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400050, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohan Su
- Department of Breast and thyroid Surgery, Biological Targeting Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Academician (Expert) Workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, P. R. China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Breast and thyroid Surgery, Biological Targeting Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Academician (Expert) Workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Zeng
- Department of Breast and thyroid Surgery, Biological Targeting Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Academician (Expert) Workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, P. R. China
| | - Fuli Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - Heling Wen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - Jianhong Tao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - Qian Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - Panke Cheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
- Ultrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
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Wang X, Sun Z, Fu J, Fang Z, Zhang W, He JC, Lee K. LRG1 loss effectively restrains glomerular TGF-β signaling to attenuate diabetic kidney disease. Mol Ther 2024; 32:3177-3193. [PMID: 38910328 PMCID: PMC11403230 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling is a well-established pathogenic mediator of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, owing to its pleiotropic actions, its systemic blockade is not therapeutically optimal. The expression of TGF-β signaling regulators can substantially influence TGF-β's effects in a cell- or context-specific manner. Among these, leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is significantly increased in glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) in DKD. As LRG1 is a secreted molecule that can exert autocrine and paracrine effects, we examined the effects of LRG1 loss in kidney cells in diabetic OVE26 mice by single-cell transcriptomic analysis. Gene expression analysis confirmed a predominant expression of Lrg1 in GECs, which further increased in diabetic kidneys. Loss of Lrg1 led to the reversal of angiogenic and TGF-β-induced gene expression in GECs, which were associated with DKD attenuation. Notably, Lrg1 loss also mitigated the increased TGF-β-mediated gene expression in both podocytes and mesangial cells in diabetic mice, indicating that GEC-derived LRG1 potentiates TGF-β signaling in glomerular cells in an autocrine and paracrine manner. Indeed, a significant reduction in phospho-Smad proteins was observed in the glomerular cells of OVE26 mice with LRG1 loss. These results indicate that specific antagonisms of LRG1 may be an effective approach to curb the hyperactive glomerular TGF-β signaling to attenuate DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeguo Sun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jia Fu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Zhengying Fang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - John C He
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Renal Section, James J. Peters Veterans Affair Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
| | - Kyung Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Ma D, Ma L, Zhao Y, Li Y, Ye W, Li X. The LRG-TGF-β-Alk-1/TGFßRII-Smads as Predictive Biomarkers of Chronic Hydrocephalus after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2024; 85:457-463. [PMID: 37604195 PMCID: PMC11281838 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic hydrocephalus is a common complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH); however, the risk factors and the mechanisms underlying its occurrence have yet to be fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to identify biomarkers that could be used to predict chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH and to investigate the relationships. METHODS We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 19 patients with chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH and 44 controls without hydrocephalus after aSAH. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein (LRG), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), Smad1, Smad4, Smad5, Smad8, activin receptor-like kinase 1 (Alk-1), activin receptor-like kinase 5 (Alk-5), P38, and TGF-β type II receptor (TGFßRII) in CSF samples. RESULTS In the CSF of patients with chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH, the levels of LRG, TGF-β, Alk-1, Smad5, and TGFßRII were significantly increased (p < 0.05) and the levels of Smad1, Smad4, and Smad8 were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups concerning the levels of P38 and Alk-5 (p > 0.05). The analysis also identified significant correlations between specific biomarkers: LRG and Smad1, LRG and Smad5, TGF-β and Alk-1, and Alk-1 and Smad4 (p < 0.05); the Pearson's correlation coefficients for these relationships were -0.341, 0.257, 0.256, and -0.424, respectively. CONCLUSION The levels of LRG, TGF-β, Alk-1, TGFßRII, Smad1/5/8, and Smad4 in the CSF are potentially helpful as predictive biomarkers of chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH. Moreover, the LRG-TGF-β-Alk-1/TGFßRII-Smad1/5/8-Smad4 signaling pathway is highly likely to be involved in the pathogenic process of chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Luyao Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongqiang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongli Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xianfeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Arulsamy K, Xia B, Chen H, Zhang L, Chen K. Machine Learning Uncovers Vascular Endothelial Cell Identity Genes by Expression Regulation Features in Single Cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.27.609808. [PMID: 39253493 PMCID: PMC11383289 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.27.609808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Deciphering cell identity genes is pivotal to understanding cell differentiation, development, and many diseases involving cell identity dysregulation. Here, we introduce SCIG, a machine-learning method to uncover cell identity genes in single cells. In alignment with recent reports that cell identity genes are regulated with unique epigenetic signatures, we found cell identity genes exhibit distinctive genetic sequence signatures, e.g., unique enrichment patterns of cis-regulatory elements. Using these genetic sequence signatures, along with gene expression information from single-cell RNA-seq data, enables SCIG to uncover the identity genes of a cell without a need for comparison to other cells. Cell identity gene score defined by SCIG surpassed expression value in network analysis to uncover master transcription factors regulating cell identity. Applying SCIG to the human endothelial cell atlas revealed that the tissue microenvironment is a critical supplement to master transcription factors for cell identity refinement. SCIG is publicly available at https://github.com/kaifuchenlab/SCIG , offering a valuable tool for advancing cell differentiation, development, and regenerative medicine research.
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Wang J, Wang J, Zhong J, Liu H, Li W, Chen M, Xu L, Zhang W, Zhang Z, Wei Z, Guo J, Wang X, Sui J, Liu X, Zhang S, Wang X. LRG1 promotes atherosclerosis by inducing macrophage M1-like polarization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2405845121. [PMID: 39178231 PMCID: PMC11363312 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2405845121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall characterized by the accumulation of cholesterol-rich lipoproteins in macrophages. How macrophages commit to proinflammatory polarization under atherosclerosis conditions is not clear. Report here that the level of a circulating protein, leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1), is elevated in the atherosclerotic tissue and serum samples from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). LRG1 stimulated macrophages to proinflammatory M1-like polarization through the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways. The LRG1 knockout mice showed significantly delayed atherogenesis progression and reduced levels of macrophage-related proinflammatory cytokines in a high-fat diet-induced Apoe-/- mouse atherosclerosis model. An anti-LRG1 neutralizing antibody also effectively blocked LRG1-induced macrophage M1-like polarization in vitro and conferred therapeutic benefits to animals with ApoE deficiency-induced atherosclerosis. LRG1 may therefore serve as an additional biomarker for CAD and targeting LRG1 could offer a potential therapeutic strategy for CAD patients by mitigating the proinflammatory response of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Heart-Center of Beijing Chao-Yang hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing100020, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing102206, China
| | - Jiuchang Zhong
- Heart-Center of Beijing Chao-Yang hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing100020, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center, Beijing 301 Hospital, Beijing100853, China
| | - Weiming Li
- Heart-Center of Beijing Chao-Yang hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing100020, China
| | - Mulei Chen
- Heart-Center of Beijing Chao-Yang hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing100020, China
| | - Li Xu
- Heart-Center of Beijing Chao-Yang hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing100020, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing102206, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing102206, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing102206, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing102206, China
| | - Zhizhong Wei
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing102206, China
| | - Jia Guo
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing102206, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing102206, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Heart-Center of Beijing Chao-Yang hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing100020, China
| | - Jianhua Sui
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing102206, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing102206, China
| | - Xingpeng Liu
- Heart-Center of Beijing Chao-Yang hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing100020, China
| | - Sitao Zhang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing102206, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing102206, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing102206, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing102206, China
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7
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Low S, Moh A, Pandian B, Tan XL, Pek S, Zheng H, Ang K, Tang WE, Lim Z, Subramaniam T, Sum CF, Lim SC. Association Between Plasma LRG1 and Lower Cognitive Function in Asians With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:e1732-e1740. [PMID: 38170213 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, but its association with cognitive function remains unclear. OBJECTIVE Our primary objective is to investigate the longitudinal association between LRG1 and cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Secondarily, we determine the causal relationship using Mendelian randomization (MR) and the role of arterial stiffness as a potential mediator. METHODS T2DM patients (n = 1039; age = 64.1 ± 6.4 years) were followed-up for 5.3 ± 1.2 years. Plasma LRG1 was measured at baseline using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Baseline and follow-up cognitive function was assessed using Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). One-sample MR was performed with rs4806985 as plasma LRG1-associated single-nucleotide polymorphism. Mediation analysis was performed to examine if pulse wave velocity (PWV), an arterial stiffness index, mediated the association between plasma LRG1 and follow-up cognitive function. RESULTS Elevated baseline natural log (Ln)-transformed LRG1 was inversely associated with baseline and follow-up RBANS total score with adjusted coefficients -1.38 (95% CI -2.55 to -.21; P = .021) and -1.38 (95% CI -2.70 to -.07; P = .039), respectively. Genetically predicted higher levels of plasma LRG1 was associated with lower follow-up RBANS total score with coefficient -7.44 (95% CI -14.14 to -.74; P = .030) per unit increase in LnLRG1. Higher PWV accounted for 27.7% of the association between LnLRG1 and follow-up RBANS total score. CONCLUSION Baseline plasma LRG1 was associated with lower cognitive function at follow-up in patients with T2DM, mediated by PWV. MR analysis provided evidence of an association between genetically influenced plasma LRG1 and lower cognitive function at follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Low
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore, 730676
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Sciences Building, Singapore 308232
| | - Angela Moh
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828
| | | | - Xin Li Tan
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828
| | - Sharon Pek
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828
| | - Huili Zheng
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828
| | - Keven Ang
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828
| | - Wern Ee Tang
- National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, Singapore, 138543
| | - Ziliang Lim
- National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, Singapore, 138543
| | | | - Chee Fang Sum
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore, 730676
| | - Su Chi Lim
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore, 730676
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Sciences Building, Singapore 308232
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549
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8
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Song Y, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Lin Y, Cao X, Han X, Li G, Hou A, Han S. CCL2 mediated IKZF1 expression promotes M2 polarization of glioma-associated macrophages through CD84-SHP2 pathway. Oncogene 2024; 43:2737-2749. [PMID: 39112517 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03118-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
The proneural-mesenchymal (PN-MES) transformation of glioma stem cells (GSCs) can significantly increase proliferation, invasion, chemotherapy tolerance, and recurrence. M2-like polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) has a strong immunosuppressive effect, promoting tumor malignancy and angiogenesis. There is limited understanding on the interactions between GSCs and TAMs as well as their associated molecular mechanisms. In the present study, bioinformatics analysis, GSC and TAM co-culture, determination of TAM polarization phenotypes, and other in vitro experiments confirmed that CCL2 secreted by MES-GSCs promotes TAM-M2 polarization via the IKZF1-CD84-SHP2 pathway and PN-MES transformation of GSCs via the IKZF1-LRG1 pathway in TAMs. IKZF1 inhibitors could significantly reduce tumor volumes in animal glioma models and improve survival, as well as suppress TAM-M2 polarization and the GSC malignant phenotype. The results of this study indicate the important interaction between TAMs and GSCs in the glioma microenvironment as well as its role in tumor progression. The findings also suggest a novel target for follow-up clinical transformation research on the regulation of TAM function and GSCs malignant phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifu Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yaochuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Zixun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yibin Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xiaodi Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Guangyu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ana Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Sheng Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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Qian L, Zhu J, Xue Z, Zhou Y, Xiang N, Xu H, Sun R, Gong W, Cai X, Sun L, Ge W, Liu Y, Su Y, Lin W, Zhan Y, Wang J, Song S, Yi X, Ni M, Zhu Y, Hua Y, Zheng Z, Guo T. Proteomic landscape of epithelial ovarian cancer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6462. [PMID: 39085232 PMCID: PMC11291745 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50786-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a deadly disease with limited diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Here we conduct a comprehensive proteomic profiling of ovarian tissue and plasma samples from 813 patients with different histotypes and therapeutic regimens, covering the expression of 10,715 proteins. We identify eight proteins associated with tumor malignancy in the tissue specimens, which are further validated as potential circulating biomarkers in plasma. Targeted proteomics assays are developed for 12 tissue proteins and 7 blood proteins, and machine learning models are constructed to predict one-year recurrence, which are validated in an independent cohort. These findings contribute to the understanding of EOC pathogenesis and provide potential biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of the disease. Additionally, by integrating mutation analysis with proteomic data, we identify multiple proteins related to DNA damage in recurrent resistant tumors, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms underlying treatment resistance. This study provides a multi-histotype proteomic landscape of EOC, advancing our knowledge for improved diagnosis and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liujia Qian
- School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianqing Zhu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhangzhi Xue
- School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nan Xiang
- School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Institute of Biophysics, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Sun
- School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wangang Gong
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Cai
- School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weigang Ge
- Westlake Omics (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Institute of Biophysics, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Su
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wangmin Lin
- Westlake Omics (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuecheng Zhan
- Westlake Omics (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuang Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Institute of Biophysics, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Yi
- School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Maowei Ni
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yuejin Hua
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Institute of Biophysics, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhiguo Zheng
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Tiannan Guo
- School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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10
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Yin W, Chen Y, Wang W, Guo M, Tong L, Zhang M, Wang Z, Yuan H. Macrophage-mediated heart repair and remodeling: A promising therapeutic target for post-myocardial infarction heart failure. J Cell Physiol 2024:e31372. [PMID: 39014935 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) remains prevalent in patients who survived myocardial infarction (MI). Despite the accessibility of the primary percutaneous coronary intervention and medications that alleviate ventricular remodeling with functional improvement, there is an urgent need for clinicians and basic scientists to further reveal the mechanisms behind post-MI HF as well as investigate earlier and more efficient treatment after MI. Growing numbers of studies have highlighted the crucial role of macrophages in cardiac repair and remodeling following MI, and timely intervention targeting the immune response via macrophages may represent a promising therapeutic avenue. Recently, technology such as single-cell sequencing has provided us with an updated and in-depth understanding of the role of macrophages in MI. Meanwhile, the development of biomaterials has made it possible for macrophage-targeted therapy. Thus, an overall and thorough understanding of the role of macrophages in post-MI HF and the current development status of macrophage-based therapy will assist in the further study and development of macrophage-targeted treatment for post-infarction cardiac remodeling. This review synthesizes the spatiotemporal dynamics, function, mechanism and signaling of macrophages in the process of HF after MI, as well as discusses the emerging bio-materials and possible therapeutic agents targeting macrophages for post-MI HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mengqi Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lingjun Tong
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingxiang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Department of Cardiology, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haitao Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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11
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Brückner A, Brandtner A, Rieck S, Matthey M, Geisen C, Fels B, Stei M, Kusche-Vihrog K, Fleischmann BK, Wenzel D. Site-specific genetic and functional signatures of aortic endothelial cells at aneurysm predilection sites in healthy and AngII ApoE -/- mice. Angiogenesis 2024:10.1007/s10456-024-09933-9. [PMID: 38965173 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-024-09933-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm is characterized by a pathological dilation at specific predilection sites of the vessel and potentially results in life-threatening vascular rupture. Herein, we established a modified "Häutchen method" for the local isolation of endothelial cells (ECs) from mouse aorta to analyze their spatial heterogeneity and potential role in site-specific disease development. When we compared ECs from aneurysm predilection sites of healthy mice with adjacent control segments we found regulation of genes related to extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis and inflammation, all pathways playing a critical role in aneurysm development. We also detected enhanced cortical stiffness of the endothelium at these sites. Gene expression of ECs from aneurysms of the AngII ApoE-/- model when compared to sham animals mimicked expression patterns from predilection sites of healthy animals. Thus, this work highlights a striking genetic and functional regional heterogeneity in aortic ECs of healthy mice, which defines the location of aortic aneurysm formation in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Brückner
- Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, Institute of Physiology I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Adrian Brandtner
- Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, Institute of Physiology I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sarah Rieck
- Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, Institute of Physiology I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michaela Matthey
- Department of Systems Physiology, Medical Faculty, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University of Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Caroline Geisen
- Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, Institute of Physiology I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Benedikt Fels
- Institute of Physiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner SiteHamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Marta Stei
- Heart Center Bonn, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kristina Kusche-Vihrog
- Institute of Physiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner SiteHamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Bernd K Fleischmann
- Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, Institute of Physiology I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniela Wenzel
- Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, Institute of Physiology I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
- Department of Systems Physiology, Medical Faculty, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University of Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany.
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12
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Randén-Brady R, Carpén T, Hautala LC, Tolvanen T, Haglund C, Joenväärä S, Mattila P, Mäkitie A, Lehtonen S, Hagström J, Silén S. LRG1 and SDR16C5 protein expressions differ according to HPV status in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14148. [PMID: 38898137 PMCID: PMC11187215 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64823-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is primarily due to human papillomavirus, and understanding the tumor biology caused by the virus is crucial. Our goal was to investigate the proteins present in the serum of patients with OPSCC, which were not previously studied in OPSCC tissue. We examined the difference in expression of these proteins between HPV-positive and -negative tumors and their correlation with clinicopathological parameters and patient survival. The study included 157 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples and clinicopathological data. Based on the protein levels in the sera of OPSCC patients, we selected 12 proteins and studied their expression in HPV-negative and HPV-positive OPSCC cell lines. LRG1, SDR16C5, PIP4K2C and MVD proteins were selected for immunohistochemical analysis in HPV-positive and -negative OPSCC tissue samples. These protein´s expression levels were compared with clinicopathological parameters and patient survival to investigate their clinical relevance. LRG1 expression was strong in HPV-negative whereas SDR16C5 expression was strong in HPV-positive tumors. Correlation was observed between LRG1, SDR16C5, and PIP4K2C expression and patient survival. High expression of PIP4K2C was found to be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival and expression correlated with HPV-positive tumor status. The data suggest the possible role of LRG1, SDR16C5 and PIP4K2C in OPSCC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reija Randén-Brady
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Timo Carpén
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura C Hautala
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomas Tolvanen
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sakari Joenväärä
- Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
- HUS Diagnostic Center, Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petri Mattila
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sanna Lehtonen
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Hagström
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland
- Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
- HUS Diagnostic Center, Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Suvi Silén
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
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13
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Gao M, Dong H, Jiang S, Chen F, Fu Y, Luo Y. Activated platelet-derived exosomal LRG1 promotes multiple myeloma cell growth. Oncogenesis 2024; 13:21. [PMID: 38871685 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-024-00522-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The hypercoagulable state is a hallmark for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and is associated with disease progression. Activated platelets secrete exosomes and promote solid tumor growth. However, the role of platelet-derived exosomes in MM is not fully clear. We aim to study the underlying mechanism of how platelet-derived exosomes promote MM cell growth. Flow cytometry, Western blot, proteome analysis, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence staining, and NOD/SCID mouse subcutaneous transplantation model were performed to investigate the role of exosomal LRG1 on multiple myeloma cell growth. Peripheral blood platelets in MM patients were in a highly activated state, and platelet-rich plasma from MM patients significantly promoted cell proliferation and decreased apoptotic cells in U266 and RPMI8226 cells. Leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) was significantly enriched in MM platelet-derived exosomes. Blocking LRG1 in recipient cells using LRG1 antibody could significantly eliminate the proliferation-promoting effect of platelet-derived exosomes on MM cells. And high exosomal LRG1 was associated with poor prognosis of patients with MM. Mechanistic studies revealed that LRG1 interacted with Olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4) to accelerate MM progression by activating the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling pathway and promoting angiogenesis. Our results revealed that blocking LRG1 is a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Gao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Hematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hang Dong
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siyi Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fangping Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Yunfeng Fu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Yanwei Luo
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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14
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Li Y, Yue L, Zhang S, Wang X, Zhu YN, Liu J, Ren H, Jiang W, Wang J, Zhang Z, Liu T. Proteomic, single-cell and bulk transcriptomic analysis of plasma and tumor tissues unveil core proteins in response to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy in triple negative breast cancer. Comput Biol Med 2024; 176:108537. [PMID: 38744008 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment has achieved durable responses in TNBC patients, whereas a fraction of them showed non-sensitivity to the treatment and the mechanism is still unclear. METHODS Pre- and post-treatment plasma samples from triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients treated with immunotherapy were measured by tandem mass tag (TMT) mass spectrometry. Public proteome data of lung cancer and melanoma treated with immunotherapy were employed to validate the findings. Blood and tissue single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of TNBC patients treated with or without immunotherapy were analyzed to identify the derivations of plasma proteins. RNA-seq data from IMvigor210 and other cancer types were used to validate plasma proteins in predicting response to immunotherapy. RESULTS A random forest model constructed by FAP, LRG1, LBP and COMP could well predict the response to immunotherapy. The activation of complement cascade was observed in responders, whereas FAP and COMP showed a higher abundance in non-responders and negative correlated with the activation of complements. scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq analysis suggested that FAP, COMP and complements were derived from fibroblasts of tumor tissues. CONCLUSIONS We constructe an effective plasma proteomic model in predicting response to immunotherapy, and find that FAP+ and COMP+ fibroblasts are potential targets for reversing immunotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingpu Li
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Liang Yue
- Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310030, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310030, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Sifan Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xinxuan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000, China
| | - Yu-Nan Zhu
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000, China
| | - Jianyu Liu
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000, China
| | - He Ren
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000, China
| | - Wenhao Jiang
- Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310030, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310030, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Jingxuan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000, China.
| | - Zhiren Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China; Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China.
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15
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Göbel A, Rachner TD, Hoffmann O, Klotz DM, Kasimir-Bauer S, Kimmig R, Hofbauer LC, Bittner AK. High serum levels of leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG-1) are associated with poor survival in patients with early breast cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:2789-2798. [PMID: 38413424 PMCID: PMC11147863 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-024-07434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG-1) is a secreted glycoprotein that is mainly produced in the liver. Elevated levels of LRG-1 are found in a multitude of pathological conditions including eye diseases, diabetes, infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. In patients with early breast cancer (BC), high intratumoral LRG-1 protein expression levels are associated with reduced survival. In this study, we assessed serum levels of LRG-1 in patients with early BC and investigated its correlation with the presence of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow and survival outcomes. METHODS Serum LRG-1 levels of 509 BC patients were determined using ELISA and DTCs were assessed by immunocytochemistry using the pan-cytokeratin antibody A45-B/B3. We stratified LRG-1 levels according to selected clinical parameters. Using the log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test and multivariate Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival curves and prognostic relevance were assessed. RESULTS Mean serum levels of LRG-1 were 29.70 ± 8.67 µg/ml. Age was positively correlated with LRG-1 expression (r = 0.19; p < 0.0001) and significantly higher LRG-1 levels were found in patients over 60 years compared to younger ones (30.49 ± 8.63 µg/ml vs. 28.85 ± 8.63 µg/ml; p = 0.011) and in postmenopausal patients compared to premenopausal patients (30.15 ± 8.34 µg/ml vs. 26.936.94 µg/ml; p = 0.002). Patients with no DTCs showed significantly elevated LRG-1 levels compared to the DTC-positive group (30.51 ± 8.69 µg/ml vs. 28.51 ± 8.54 µg/ml; p = 0.004). Overall and BC-specific survival was significantly lower in patients with high serum LRG-1 levels (above a cut-off of 33.63 µg/ml) compared to patients with lower LRG-1 levels during a mean follow-up of 8.5 years (24.8% vs. 11.1% BC-specific death; p = 0.0003; odds ratio 2.63, 95%CI: 1.56-4.36). Multivariate analyses revealed that LRG-1 is an independent prognostic marker for BC-specific survival (p = 0.001; hazard ratio 2.61). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the potential of LRG-1 as an independent prognostic biomarker in patients with early BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Göbel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- Center for Healthy Ageing Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Tilman D Rachner
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Ageing Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Hoffmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT West, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Martin Klotz
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabine Kasimir-Bauer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT West, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Kimmig
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT West, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Ageing Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Bittner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT West, Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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Chen C, Zhang J, Yu T, Feng H, Liao J, Jia Y. LRG1 Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Multiple Kidney Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 10:237-248. [PMID: 38799248 PMCID: PMC11126829 DOI: 10.1159/000538443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background The increasing prevalence of kidney diseases has become a significant public health issue, with a global prevalence exceeding 10%. In order to accurately identify biochemical changes and treatment outcomes associated with kidney diseases, novel methods targeting specific genes have been discovered. Among these genes, leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) has been identified to function as a multifunctional pathogenic signaling molecule in multiple diseases, including kidney diseases. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence regarding the roles of LRG1 in different types of kidney diseases. Summary Based on a comprehensive review, it was found that LRG1 was upregulated in the urine, serum, or renal tissues of patients or experimental animal models with multiple kidney diseases, such as diabetic nephropathy, kidney injury, IgA nephropathy, chronic kidney diseases, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, end-stage renal disease, canine leishmaniosis-induced kidney disease, kidney fibrosis, and aristolochic acid nephropathy. Mechanistically, the role of LRG1 in kidney diseases is believed to be detrimental, potentially through its regulation of various genes and signaling cascades, i.e., fibronectin 1, GPR56, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGFR-2, death receptor 5, GDF15, HIF-1α, SPP1, activin receptor-like kinase 1-Smad1/5/8, NLRP3-IL-1b, and transforming growth factor β pathway. Key Messages Further research is needed to fully comprehend the molecular mechanisms by which LRG1 contributes to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of kidney diseases. It is anticipated that targeted treatments focusing on LRG1 will be utilized in clinical trials and implemented in clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Dean People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, China
| | - Haiya Feng
- Department of Burn Surgery, Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Jian Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yifei Jia
- Department of Burn Surgery, Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
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Jiang D, Zheng S, Xu X, Yue H, Liang W, Wu Z. Uncovering Druggable Targets in Aortic Dissection: An Association Study Integrating Mendelian Randomization, pQTL, and Protein-Protein Interaction Network. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1204. [PMID: 38927411 PMCID: PMC11200553 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD) is a life-threatening acute aortic syndrome. There are limitations and challenges in the discovery and application of biomarkers and drug targets for AD. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis is a reliable analytical method to identify effective therapeutic targets. We aimed to identify novel therapeutic targets for AD and investigate their potential side-effects based on MR analysis. Data from protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) were used for MR analyses to identify potential therapeutic targets. We probed druggable proteins involved in the pathogenesis of aortic dissection from deCODE. In this study, a two-sample MR analysis was conducted, with druggable proteins as the exposure factor and data on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of AD as the outcome. After conducting a two-sample MR, summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) analysis and colocalization analysis were performed. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was also constructed to delve into the interactions between identified proteins. After MR analysis and the Steiger test, we identified five proteins as potential therapeutic targets for AD. SMR analysis and colocalization analysis also confirmed our findings. Finally, we identified ASPN (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.20, 1.54, p = 4.22 × 10-5) and SPOCK2 (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.78, p = 4.52 × 10-4) as the core therapeutic targets. Through PPI network analysis, we identified six druggable targets, enabling the subsequent identification of six promising drugs from DrugBank for treating AD. This discovery of specific proteins as novel therapeutic targets represents a significant advancement in AD treatment. These findings provide more effective treatment options for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhong Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.J.)
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Ghafoor MH, Song BL, Zhou L, Qiao ZY, Wang H. Self-Assembly of Peptides as an Alluring Approach toward Cancer Treatment and Imaging. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:2841-2862. [PMID: 38644736 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a severe threat to humans, as it is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular diseases and still poses the biggest challenge in the world of medicine. Due to its higher mortality rates and resistance, it requires a more focused and productive approach to provide the solution for it. Many therapies promising to deliver favorable results, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, have come up with more negatives than positives. Therefore, a new class of medicinal solutions and a more targeted approach is of the essence. This review highlights the alluring properties, configurations, and self-assembly of peptide molecules which benefit the traditional approach toward cancer therapy while sparing the healthy cells in the process. As targeted drug delivery systems, self-assembled peptides offer a wide spectrum of conjugation, biocompatibility, degradability-controlled responsiveness, and biomedical applications, including cancer treatment and cancer imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hamza Ghafoor
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Ben-Li Song
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Lei Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zeng-Ying Qiao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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Cheng W, Song Q, Zhou A, Lin L, Zhao Y, Duan J, Zhou Z, Peng Y, Liu C, Zeng Y, Chen P. LRG1 promotes the apoptosis of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells through KLK10 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Tob Induc Dis 2024; 22:TID-22-72. [PMID: 38707515 PMCID: PMC11069109 DOI: 10.18332/tid/186404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cigarette smoking is one of the most important causes of COPD and could induce the apoptosis of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs). The conditional knockout of LRG1 from endothelial cells reduced emphysema in mice. However, the mechanism of the deletion of LRG1 from endothelial cells rescued by cigarette smoke (CS) induced emphysema remains unclear. This research aimed to demonstrate whether LRG1 promotes the apoptosis of PMVECs through KLK10 in COPD. METHODS Nineteen patients were divided into three groups: control non-COPD (n=7), smoker non-COPD (n=7), and COPD (n=5). The emphysema mouse model defined as the CS exposure group was induced by CS exposure plus cigarette smoke extract (CSE) intraperitoneal injection for 28 days. Primary PMVECs were isolated from the mouse by magnetic bead sorting method via CD31-Dynabeads. Apoptosis was detected by western blot and flow cytometry. RESULTS LRG1 was increased in lung tissue of COPD patients and CS exposure mice, and CSE-induced PMVECs apoptosis model. KLK10 was over-expressed in lung tissue of COPD patients and CS exposure mice, and CSE-induced PMVECs apoptosis model. LRG1 promoted apoptosis in PMVECs. LRG1 knockdown reversed CSE-induced apoptosis in PMVECs. The mRNA and protein expression of KLK10 were increased after over-expressed LRG1 in PMVECs isolated from mice. Similarly, both the mRNA and protein levels of KLK10 were decreased after LRG1 knockdown in PMVECs. The result of co-immunoprecipitation revealed a protein-protein interaction between LRG1 and KLK10 in PMVECs. KLK10 promoted apoptosis via the down-regulation of Bcl-2/Bax in PMVECs. KLK10 knockdown could reverse CSE-induced apoptosis in PMVECs. CONCLUSIONS LRG1 promotes apoptosis via up-regulation of KLK10 in PMVECs isolated from mice. KLK10 promotes apoptosis via the down-regulation of Bcl-2/Bax in PMVECs. There was a direct protein-protein interaction between LRG1 and KLK10 in PMVECs. Our novel findings provide insights into the understanding of LRG1/KLK10 function as a potential molecule in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Aiyuan Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiyang Zhao
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaxi Duan
- Department of Geriatrics, Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zijing Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yating Peng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuqin Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Gao Y, Zou Y, Sokolowskei D, Xing X, Tower RJ, Lai Z, Shi J, Zhu L, Zheng Q, James AW, Xu J, Zhang Z. Nr4a1 enhances Wnt4 transcription to promote mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis and alleviates inflammation-inhibited bone regeneration. Mol Ther 2024; 32:1479-1496. [PMID: 38429926 PMCID: PMC11081873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Intense inflammatory response impairs bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-mediated bone regeneration, with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 being the most highly expressed cytokine. However, how to find effective and safe means to improve bone formation impaired by excessive TGF-β1 remains unclear. In this study, we found that the expression of orphan nuclear receptor Nr4a1, an endogenous repressor of TGF-β1, was suppressed directly by TGF-β1-induced Smad3 and indirectly by Hdac4, respectively. Importantly, Nr4a1 overexpression promoted BMSC osteogenesis and reversed TGF-β1-mediated osteogenic inhibition and pro-fibrotic effects. Transcriptomic and histologic analyses confirmed that upregulation of Nr4a1 increased the transcription of Wnt family member 4 (Wnt4) and activated Wnt pathway. Mechanistically, Nr4a1 bound to the promoter of Wnt4 and regulated its expression, thereby enhancing the osteogenic capacity of BMSCs. Moreover, treatment with Nr4a1 gene therapy or Nr4a1 agonist Csn-B could promote ectopic bone formation, defect repair, and fracture healing. Finally, we demonstrated the correlation of NR4A1 with osteogenesis and the activation of the WNT4/β-catenin pathway in human BMSCs and fracture samples. Taken together, these findings uncover the critical role of Nr4a1 in bone formation and alleviation of inflammation-induced bone regeneration disorders, and suggest that Nr4a1 has the potential to be a therapeutic target for accelerating bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangshuai Gao
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yuming Zou
- Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Dimitri Sokolowskei
- Center for Organogenesis, Regeneration and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Xin Xing
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Robert J Tower
- Center for Organogenesis, Regeneration and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zejia Lai
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jiawei Shi
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Liheng Zhu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Quan Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Luan Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Luan, Anhui 237001, China
| | - Aaron W James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Jiajia Xu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Zhongmin Zhang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
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Dritsoula A, Camilli C, Moss SE, Greenwood J. The disruptive role of LRG1 on the vasculature and perivascular microenvironment. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1386177. [PMID: 38745756 PMCID: PMC11091338 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1386177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The establishment of new blood vessels, and their subsequent stabilization, is a critical process that facilitates tissue growth and organ development. Once established, vessels need to diversify to meet the specific needs of the local tissue and to maintain homeostasis. These processes are tightly regulated and fundamental to normal vessel and tissue function. The mechanisms that orchestrate angiogenesis and vessel maturation have been widely studied, with signaling crosstalk between endothelium and perivascular cells being identified as an essential component. In disease, however, new vessels develop abnormally, and existing vessels lose their specialization and function, which invariably contributes to disease progression. Despite considerable research into the vasculopathic mechanisms in disease, our knowledge remains incomplete. Accordingly, the identification of angiocrine and angiopathic molecules secreted by cells within the vascular microenvironment, and their effect on vessel behaviour, remains a major research objective. Over the last decade the secreted glycoprotein leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1), has emerged as a significant vasculopathic molecule, stimulating defective angiogenesis, and destabilizing the existing vasculature mainly, but not uniquely, by altering both canonical and non-canonical TGF-β signaling in a highly cell and context dependent manner. Whilst LRG1 does not possess any overt homeostatic role in vessel development and maintenance, growing evidence provides a compelling case for LRG1 playing a pleiotropic role in disrupting the vasculature in many disease settings. Thus, LRG1 has now been reported to damage vessels in various disorders including cancer, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, ocular disease, and lung disease and the signaling processes that drive this dysfunction are being defined. Moreover, therapeutic targeting of LRG1 has been widely proposed to re-establish a quiescent endothelium and normalized vasculature. In this review, we consider the current status of our understanding of the role of LRG1 in vascular pathology, and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Dritsoula
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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22
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Luo T, Jiang X, Zhang Z, Gao M, Wang H. Plasma leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: vertical variation, correlation with T helper 17/regulatory T ratio, and predictive value on major adverse cardiovascular events. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1326897. [PMID: 38742172 PMCID: PMC11089199 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1326897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) promotes inflammation and myocardial injury, but its clinical role in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is rarely disclosed. Herein, this prospective study aimed to explore the value of plasma LRG1 at different time points to predict major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) risk in patients with STEMI. Methods In total, 209 patients with STEMI were enrolled for determining plasma LRG1 at admission and on day (D)1/D7/D30 after admission via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, as well as for determination of peripheral blood T helper 17 (Th17) cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells by flow cytometry. In addition, plasma LRG1 was obtained from 30 healthy controls at enrollment. Results LRG1 was increased in patients with STEMI at admission compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001). In patients with STEMI, LRG1 varied at different time points (P < 0.001), which elevated from admission to D1, and gradually declined thereafter. LRG1 at admission was positively associated with Th17 cells (P = 0.001) and Th17/Treg ratio (P = 0.014). LRG1 at admission (P = 0.013), D1 (P = 0.034), D7 (P = 0.001), and D30 (P = 0.010) were increased in patients with MACE compared with those without. LRG1 at D7 exhibited good ability to estimate MACE risk (area under curve = 0.750, 95% confidence interval = 0.641-0.858). LRG1 at admission > 60 μg/ml (P = 0.031) and D7 > 60 μg/ml (P = 0.018) were linked with increased accumulating MACE. Importantly, LRG1 at D7 > 60 μg/ml was independently correlated with increased MACE risk (hazard ratio = 5.216, P = 0.033). Conclusion Plasma LRG1 increases from admission to D1 and gradually declines until D30, which positively links with Th17 cells and MACE risk in patients with STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoli Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
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Ouhara K, Takemura T, Taniguchi Y, Fujimori R, Tamura T, Akane Y, Matsuda S, Hamamoto Y, Shintani T, Kajiya M, Munenaga S, Iwata T, Fujita T, Mizuno N. Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 affects bone destruction via IL-6 in mouse periodontitis model. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38656694 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the production of leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG1) in periodontitis patients and its effectiveness as a new diagnostic marker for periodontitis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In vitro experiments were conducted to analyze LRG1 mRNA expression in human gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts via quantitative real-time PCR. In vivo experiments were conducted to analyze LRG1 localization in periodontitis patients. The correlation between the serum LRG1 levels and alveolar bone resorption in the mouse periodontitis model was also investigated. RESULTS A positive correlation existed between the periodontal inflamed surface area and serum LRG1 levels (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient: 0.60). LRG1 mRNA expression in human gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts was upregulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis stimulation or tumor necrosis factor-α stimulation. Interleukin-6 in human gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts induced the production of LRG1 and transforming growth factor-β. LRG1 levels in the periodontal tissue and serum in the periodontitis model were higher than those in control mice. LRG1 local administration resulted in alveolar bone resorption, whereas the administration of interleukin-6R antibody inhibited bone resorption. CONCLUSIONS LRG1 levels in serum and periodontal tissue are upregulated in periodontitis and are implicated in periodontal tissue destruction through interleukin-6 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhisa Ouhara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tasuku Takemura
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuri Taniguchi
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ryousuke Fujimori
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tamura
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Akane
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinji Matsuda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuta Hamamoto
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Shintani
- Department of Innovation and Precision Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mikihito Kajiya
- Department of Innovation and Precision Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Syuichi Munenaga
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Iwata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Fujita
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Mizuno
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Nakanishi S, Goya M, Suda T, Yonamine T, Sugawa A, Saito S. Increased level of serum leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. BMC Urol 2024; 24:94. [PMID: 38658967 PMCID: PMC11040933 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-024-01481-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, no useful serum markers exist for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), making early detection challenging as diagnosis relies solely on imaging tests. Radiation exposure is also a concern due to multiple required CT examinations during treatment. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) histological types include ccRCC and non-clear cell RCC (non-ccRCC); however, treatment response to medications varies which necessitates accurate differentiation between the two. Therefore, we aimed to identify a novel serum marker of RCC. Increased LRG1 expression in the serum has been demonstrated in multiple cancer types. However, the expression of LRG1 expression in the serum and cancer tissues of patients with RCC has not been reported. Since ccRCC is a hypervascular tumor and LRG1 is capable of accelerating angiogenesis, we hypothesized that the LRG1 levels may be related to ccRCC. Therefore, we examined LRG1 expression in sera from patients with RCC. METHODS Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, serum levels of leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) were measured in 64 patients with ccRCC and 22 patients non-ccRCC who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy, as well as in 63 patients without cancer. RESULTS Median values of serum LRG1 and their inter-quartile ranges were 63.2 (42.8-94.2) µg/mL in ccRCC, 23.4 (17.7-29.6) µg/mL in non-ccRCC, and 36.0 (23.7-56.7) µg/mL in patients without cancer, respectively (ccRCC vs. non-ccRCC or patients without cancer: P < 0.001). C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (P = 0.002), anemia (P = 0.037), hypercalcemia (P = 0.023), and grade (P = 0.031) were independent predictors of serum LRG1 levels in ccRCC. To assess diagnostic performance, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of serum LRG1 was utilized to differentiate ccRCC from non-cancer and non-ccRCC, with values of 0.73 (95% CI, 0.64-0.82) and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.82-0.96), respectively. CONCLUSIONS LRG1 served as a serum marker associated with inflammation, indicated by CRP, anemia, hypercalcemia, and malignant potential in ccRCC. Clinically, serum LRG1 levels may assist in differentiating ccRCC from non-ccRCC with excellent diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Nakanishi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, 903-0215, Okinawa, Japan.
| | - Masato Goya
- Chubu Tokusyukai Hospital, Kitanakagusuku, 801 higa, 901-2392, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Suda
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, 903-0215, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yonamine
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, 903-0215, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Ai Sugawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, 903-0215, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Seiichi Saito
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, 903-0215, Okinawa, Japan
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Tsuruta H, Yasuda-Yamahara M, Yoshibayashi M, Kuwagata S, Yamahara K, Tanaka-Sasaki Y, Chin-Kanasaki M, Matsumoto S, Ema M, Kume S. Fructose overconsumption accelerates renal dysfunction with aberrant glomerular endothelial-mesangial cell interactions in db/db mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167074. [PMID: 38354758 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
For the advancement of DKD treatment, identifying unrecognized residual risk factors is essential. We explored the impact of obesity diversity derived from different carbohydrate qualities, with an emphasis on the increasing trend of excessive fructose consumption and its effect on DKD progression. In this study, we utilized db/db mice to establish a novel diabetic model characterized by fructose overconsumption, aiming to uncover the underlying mechanisms of renal damage. Compared to the control diet group, the fructose-fed db/db mice exhibited more pronounced obesity yet demonstrated milder glucose intolerance. Plasma cystatin C levels were elevated in the fructose model compared to the control, and this elevation was accompanied by enhanced glomerular sclerosis, even though albuminuria levels and tubular lesions were comparable. Single-cell RNA sequencing of the whole kidney highlighted an increase in Lrg1 in glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) in the fructose model, which appeared to drive mesangial fibrosis through enhanced TGF-β1 signaling. Our findings suggest that excessive fructose intake exacerbates diabetic kidney disease progression, mediated by aberrant Lrg1-driven crosstalk between GECs and mesangial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Tsuruta
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Mako Yasuda-Yamahara
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Mamoru Yoshibayashi
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shogo Kuwagata
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yamahara
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yuki Tanaka-Sasaki
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masami Chin-Kanasaki
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shoma Matsumoto
- Department of Stem Cells and Human Disease Models, Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Ema
- Department of Stem Cells and Human Disease Models, Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shinji Kume
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.
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26
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Porter JC, Ganeshan B, Win T, Fraioli F, Khan S, Rodriguez-Justo M, Endozo R, Shortman RI, Hoy LR, Maher TM, Groves AM. [ 18F]FDG PET/CT Signal Correlates with Neoangiogenesis Markers in Patients with Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease Who Underwent Lung Biopsy: Implication for the Use of PET/CT in Diffuse Lung Diseases. J Nucl Med 2024; 65:617-622. [PMID: 38485275 PMCID: PMC10995524 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of [18F]FDG PET/CT as a biomarker in diffuse lung diseases is increasingly recognized. We investigated the correlation between [18F]FDG uptake with histologic markers on lung biopsy of patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (fILD). Methods: We recruited 18 patients with fILD awaiting lung biopsy for [18F]FDG PET/CT. We derived a target-to-background ratio (TBR) of maximum pulmonary uptake of [18F]FDG (SUVmax) divided by the lung background (SUVmin). Consecutive paraffin-embedded lung biopsy sections were immunostained for alveolar and interstitial macrophages (CD68), microvessel density (MVD) (CD31 and CD105/endoglin), and glucose transporter 1. MVD was expressed as vessel area percentage per high-power field (Va%/hpf). Differences in imaging and angiogenesis markers between histologic usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and non-UIP were assessed using a nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Correlation of imaging with angiogenesis markers was assessed using the nonparametric Spearman rank correlation. Univariate Kaplan-Meier survival analysis assessed the difference in the survival curves for each of the angiogenesis markers (separated by their respective optimal cutoff) using the log-rank test. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. Results: In total, 18 patients were followed for an average of 41.36 mo (range, 5.69-132.46 mo; median, 30.07 mo). Only CD105 MVD showed a significantly positive correlation with [18F]FDG TBR (Spearman rank correlation, 0.556; P < 0.05, n = 13). There was no correlation between [18F]FDG uptake and macrophage expression of glucose transporter 1. CD105 and CD31 were higher for UIP than for non-UIP, with CD105 reaching statistical significance (P = 0.011). In all patients, MVD assessed with either CD105 or CD31 quantification on biopsy predicted overall survival. Patients with CD105 MVD of less than 12 Va%/hpf or CD31 MVD of less than 35 Va%/hpf had a significantly better prognosis (no deaths during follow-up in the case of CD105) than did patients with higher scores of CD105 MVD (median survival, 35 mo; P = 0.041, n = 13) or CD31 MVD (median survival, 28 mo; P = 0.014, n = 13). Conclusion: Previous work has used [18F]FDG uptake in PET/CT as a biomarker in fILD. Here, we highlight a correlation between angiogenesis and [18F]FDG TBR. We show that MVD is higher for UIP than for non-UIP and is associated with mortality in patients with fILD. These data set the scene to investigate the potential role of vasculature and angiogenesis in fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna C Porter
- CITR, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, United Kingdom;
- Interstitial Lung Disease Centre, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Balaji Ganeshan
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London and University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thida Win
- Lister Hospital, North East Herts Trust, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Fraioli
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London and University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Saif Khan
- Research Department of Pathology, University College London, and Department of Histopathology, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Manuel Rodriguez-Justo
- Research Department of Pathology, University College London, and Department of Histopathology, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Raymond Endozo
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London and University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert I Shortman
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London and University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luke R Hoy
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London and University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Toby M Maher
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ashley M Groves
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London and University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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27
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Li X, Zhang D, Yu Y, Wang L, Zhao M. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell secretome promotes skin regeneration and rejuvenation: From mechanism to therapeutics. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13586. [PMID: 38148579 PMCID: PMC10984109 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
How to effectively repair cutaneous wounds and promote skin rejuvenation has always been a challenging issue for clinical medicine and medical aesthetics. Current conventional medicines exhibit several drawbacks, including limited therapeutic effects, prolonged treatment periods, and high costs. As a novel cell-free therapy, the umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC) secretome may offer a promising approach for skin regeneration and rejuvenation. The UCMSC secretome is a collection of all proteins secreted by mesenchymal stem cells, including conditioned media, exosomes, and other substances. The UCMSC secretome has numerous abilities to accelerate acute wound healing, including high fibroblast and keratinocyte proliferative activity, pro-angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis, and anti-oxidative stress. Its impact on the four stages of wound healing is manifested by inducing the haemostasis phase, inhibiting the inflammation phase, promoting the proliferation phase, and regulating the remodelling phase. Furthermore, it is highly effective in the treatment of chronic wounds, alopecia, aging, and skin homeostasis disturbance. This review focuses on the clinical therapies and application prospects of the UCMSC secretome, encompassing its source, culture, separation, identification, storage, and pretreatment. Additionally, a discussion on the dosage, administration route, efficacy, and biosafety in the clinical situation is presented. This review aims to provide scientific support for the mechanistic investigation and clinical utilisation of the UCMSC secretome in wound healing and skin rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixian Li
- Department of Plastic SurgeryThe Second Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoningChina
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoningChina
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Plastic SurgeryThe Second Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoningChina
| | - Yang Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoningChina
| | - Liang Wang
- Research and Teaching Department of Comparative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoningChina
| | - Muxin Zhao
- Department of Plastic SurgeryThe Second Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoningChina
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28
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Redgrave RE, Singh E, Tual-Chalot S, Park C, Hall D, Bennaceur K, Smyth DJ, Maizels RM, Spyridopoulos I, Arthur HM. Exogenous Transforming Growth Factor-β1 and Its Helminth-Derived Mimic Attenuate the Heart's Inflammatory Response to Ischemic Injury and Reduce Mature Scar Size. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:562-573. [PMID: 37832870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Coronary reperfusion after acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is standard therapy to salvage ischemic heart muscle. However, subsequent inflammatory responses within the infarct lead to further loss of viable myocardium. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine released in response to tissue injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of TGF-β1 after MI. In patients with STEMI, there was a significant correlation (P = 0.003) between higher circulating TGF-β1 levels at 24 hours after MI and a reduction in infarct size after 3 months, suggesting a protective role of early increase in circulating TGF-β1. A mouse model of cardiac ischemia reperfusion was used to demonstrate multiple benefits of exogenous TGF-β1 delivered in the acute phase. It led to a significantly smaller infarct size (30% reduction, P = 0.025), reduced inflammatory infiltrate (28% reduction, P = 0.015), lower intracardiac expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (>50% reduction, P = 0.038 and 0.0004, respectively) at 24 hours, and reduced scar size at 4 weeks (21% reduction, P = 0.015) after reperfusion. Furthermore, a low-fibrogenic mimic of TGF-β1, secreted by the helminth parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus, had an almost identical protective effect on injured mouse hearts. Finally, genetic studies indicated that this benefit was mediated by TGF-β signaling in the vascular endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael E Redgrave
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Esha Singh
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Tual-Chalot
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Park
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Darroch Hall
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Karim Bennaceur
- Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle J Smyth
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Rick M Maizels
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ioakim Spyridopoulos
- Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M Arthur
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom.
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29
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Moritsubo M, Furuta T, Miyoshi J, Komaki S, Sakata K, Miyoshi H, Morioka M, Ohshima K, Sugita Y. Increased expression of leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 as a predictive biomarker of favorable progression-free survival in meningioma. Neuropathology 2024; 44:96-103. [PMID: 37749948 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Most meningiomas, which are frequent central nervous system tumors, are classified as World Health Organization (WHO) grade 1 because of their slow-growing nature. However, the recurrence rate varies and is difficult to predict using conventional histopathological diagnoses. Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is involved in cell signal transduction, cell adhesion, and DNA repair and is a predictive biomarker in different malignant tumors; however, such a relationship has not been reported in meningiomas. We examined tissue microarrays of histological samples from 117 patients with grade 1 and 2 meningiomas and assessed their clinical and pathological features, including expression of LRG1 protein. LRG1-high meningiomas showed an increased number of vessels with CD3-positive cell infiltration (P = 0.0328) as well as higher CD105-positive vessels (P = 0.0084), as compared to LRG1-low cases. They also demonstrated better progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] 0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.016-0.841) compared to LRG1-low patients (P = 0.033). Moreover, multivariate analysis indicated that high LRG1 expression was an independent prognostic factor (HR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.018-0.991; P = 0.049). LRG1 immunohistochemistry may be a convenient tool for estimating the prognosis of meningiomas in routine practice. Further studies are required to elucidate the key role of LRG1 in meningioma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Moritsubo
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takuya Furuta
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Junko Miyoshi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Satoru Komaki
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kiyohiko Sakata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyoshi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Motohiro Morioka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohshima
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yasuo Sugita
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
- Department of Neuropathology, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Japan
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30
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Tomkins-Netzer O, Niederer R, Greenwood J, Fabian ID, Serlin Y, Friedman A, Lightman S. Mechanisms of blood-retinal barrier disruption related to intraocular inflammation and malignancy. Prog Retin Eye Res 2024; 99:101245. [PMID: 38242492 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2024.101245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Blood-retinal barrier (BRB) disruption is a common accompaniment of intermediate, posterior and panuveitis causing leakage into the retina and macular oedema resulting in vision loss. It is much less common in anterior uveitis or in patients with intraocular lymphoma who may have marked signs of intraocular inflammation. New drugs used for chemotherapy (cytarabine, immune checkpoint inhibitors, BRAF inhibitors, EGFR inhibitors, bispecific anti-EGFR inhibitors, MET receptor inhibitors and Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors) can also cause different types of uveitis and BRB disruption. As malignant disease itself can cause uveitis, particularly from breast, lung and gastrointestinal tract cancers, it can be clinically difficult to sort out the cause of BRB disruption. Immunosuppression due to malignant disease and/or chemotherapy can lead to infection which can also cause BRB disruption and intraocular infection. In this paper we address the pathophysiology of BRB disruption related to intraocular inflammation and malignancy, methods for estimating the extent and effect of the disruption and examine why some types of intraocular inflammation and malignancy cause BRB disruption and others do not. Understanding this may help sort and manage these patients, as well as devise future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Tomkins-Netzer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Centre, Haifa, Israel; Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Rachael Niederer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Te Whatu Ora, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - John Greenwood
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ido Didi Fabian
- The Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Centre, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yonatan Serlin
- Department of Medical Neuroscience and the Brain Repair Centre, Dalhousie University, Faculty of Medicine, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Alon Friedman
- Department of Medical Neuroscience and the Brain Repair Centre, Dalhousie University, Faculty of Medicine, Halifax, NS, Canada; Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Zlotowski Centre for Neuroscience, Ben- Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Sue Lightman
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
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31
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Paloschi V, Pauli J, Winski G, Wu Z, Li Z, Botti L, Meucci S, Conti P, Rogowitz F, Glukha N, Hummel N, Busch A, Chernogubova E, Jin H, Sachs N, Eckstein HH, Dueck A, Boon RA, Bausch AR, Maegdefessel L. Utilization of an Artery-on-a-Chip to Unravel Novel Regulators and Therapeutic Targets in Vascular Diseases. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302907. [PMID: 37797407 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, organ-on-chip technology is used to develop an in vitro model of medium-to-large size arteries, the artery-on-a-chip (AoC), with the objective to recapitulate the structure of the arterial wall and the relevant hemodynamic forces affecting luminal cells. AoCs exposed either to in vivo-like shear stress values or kept in static conditions are assessed to generate a panel of novel genes modulated by shear stress. Considering the crucial role played by shear stress alterations in carotid arteries affected by atherosclerosis (CAD) and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) disease development/progression, a patient cohort of hemodynamically relevant specimens is utilized, consisting of diseased and non-diseased (internal control) vessel regions from the same patient. Genes activated by shear stress follow the same expression pattern in non-diseased segments of human vessels. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables to discriminate the unique cell subpopulations between non-diseased and diseased vessel portions, revealing an enrichment of flow activated genes in structural cells originating from non-diseased specimens. Furthermore, the AoC served as a platform for drug-testing. It reproduced the effects of a therapeutic agent (lenvatinib) previously used in preclinical AAA studies, therefore extending the understanding of its therapeutic effect through a multicellular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Paloschi
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 80333, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jessica Pauli
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 80333, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336, Berlin, Germany
| | - Greg Winski
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Unit, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 80333, Munich, Germany
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 10073, P. R. China
| | - Zhaolong Li
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Botti
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, 24129, Italy
| | - Sandro Meucci
- Micronit Microtechnologies, Enschede, 15 7521, The Netherlands
| | - Pierangelo Conti
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, 24129, Italy
| | | | - Nadiya Glukha
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Nora Hummel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Albert Busch
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 80333, Munich, Germany
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department for Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus and University Hospital, Technical University Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Chernogubova
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Unit, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Unit, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nadja Sachs
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Dueck
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University of Munich, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinier A Boon
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University, 60323, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Partner Site Frankfurt Rhine-Main, 10785, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas R Bausch
- Department of Cellular Biophysics, Technical University of Munich, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 80333, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Unit, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
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32
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Gu J, Liu C, Yao Y. Prognostic potency of plasma LRG1 measurement at multiple time points in acute ischemic stroke patients. Biomark Med 2024; 18:181-190. [PMID: 38440887 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2023-0545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic potency of LRG1 in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. Methods: Plasma LRG1 levels were detected at admission and on days 3, 7 and 30 in 150 AIS patients. Results: LRG1 positively correlated with total cholesterol (p = 0.016), triglycerides (p = 0.046), C-reactive protein (p < 0.001), TNF-α (p = 0.001) and IL-6 (p = 0.004). After admission, LRG1 showed a decreasing trend (p < 0.001). Interestingly, LRG1 levels at admission (p = 0.014), day 3 (p = 0.027), day 7 (p = 0.008) and day 30 (p = 0.002) were higher in patients with modified Rankin scale score ≥2 versus those with scores <2. The LRG1 levels at day 7 (p = 0.032) and day 30 (p = 0.023) were higher in patients with recurrence versus no recurrence. Conclusion: LRG1 correlates with blood lipids, inflammation and short-term prognosis of AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juxian Gu
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of CT Diagnosis, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, China
| | - Yan Yao
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, China
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33
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Chen J, Zhang Z, Feng L, Liu W, Wang X, Chen H, Zou H. Lrg1 silencing attenuates ischemia-reperfusion renal injury by regulating autophagy and apoptosis through the TGFβ1- Smad1/5 signaling pathway. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 753:109892. [PMID: 38246328 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunction in the processes of autophagy and apoptosis within renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEc) contributes to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). However, the factors influencing this dysfunction remain unclear. Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (Lrg1) plays a role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy and kidney fibrosis by modulating the activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1)-Smad1/5/8 and TGF-β1/Smad3 pathways, respectively. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether Lrg1 is involved in the pathological mechanisms of renal IRI and whether its effects are related to the dysregulation of autophagy and apoptosis in RTEc. METHODS We conducted in vitro and in vivo experiments using CoCl2-induced hypoxic human kidney-2 (HK-2) cells and mice with renal IRI, respectively. Lrg1 was silenced using siRNA and lentiviral vectors in HK-2 cells and mouse kidneys. Rapamycin (Rapa) and methyladenine were applied to regulate autophagy in renal IRI models. RESULTS Increased Lrg1 expression was observed in hypoxic HK-2 cells and in the kidneys of mice with renal IRI. Silencing of Lrg1 through siRNA and lentiviral approaches restored autophagy and suppressed apoptosis in CoCl2-induced hypoxic HK-2 cells and renal IRI models. Additionally, reduced Lrg1 expression alleviated kidney damage caused by renal IRI. The downregulation of Lrg1 expression restrained the TGFβ-Smad1/5 signaling pathway in hypoxic-induced HK-2 cells and renal IRI by reducing ALK1 expression. Lastly, the enhancement of autophagy, achieved through Rapa treatment, provided protection against renal IRI in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that Lrg1 silencing can be applied as a potential therapeutic target to inhibit the TGFβ1-Smad1/5 pathway, thereby enhancing autophagy and decreasing apoptosis in patients with acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Zuoman Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ling Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weihua Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Haishan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Hequn Zou
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
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Nopora A, Weidle UH. CircRNAs as New Therapeutic Entities and Tools for Target Identification in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2024; 21:118-136. [PMID: 38423599 PMCID: PMC10905271 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a genetically extremely heterogeneous disease. Drug resistance after induction therapy is a very frequent event resulting in poor medium survival times. Therefore, the identification of new targets and treatment modalities is a medical high priority issue. We addressed our attention to circular RNAs (circRNAs), which can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in AML. We searched the literature (PubMed) and identified eight up-regulated and two down-regulated circ-RNAs with activity in preclinical in vivo models. In addition, we identified twenty-two up-regulated and four down-regulated circRNAs with activity in preclinical in vitro systems, but pending in vivo activity. Up-regulated RNAs are potential targets for si- or shRNA-based approaches, and down-regulated circRNAs can be reconstituted by replacement therapy to achieve a therapeutic benefit in preclinical systems. The up-regulated targets can be tackled with small molecules, antibody-based entities, or other modes of intervention. For down-regulated targets, up-regulators must be identified. The ranking of the identified circRNAs with respect to therapy of AML will depend on further target validation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Nopora
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich H Weidle
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
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Sok CP, Polireddy K, Kooby DA. Molecular pathology and protein markers for pancreatic cancer: relevance in staging, in adjuvant therapy, in determination of minimal residual disease, and follow-up. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2024; 13:56-70. [PMID: 38322203 PMCID: PMC10839718 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn-22-628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The diagnosis and monitoring of disease through the detection of circulating protein biomarkers is a growing field in the practice of oncology. The search for more effective protein biomarkers to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a valuable area of study, given the aggressive and often occult nature of this malignancy. Liquid biopsies are attractive, as they offer a minimally invasive and cost-effective approach when compared to traditional biopsy methods and imaging modalities used for diagnosis and surveillance. Carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 is currently the most commonly used serum protein biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with PDAC, but due to its sensitivity and specificity, its utility remains limited. In this review, we examine how circulating protein biomarkers are used in the diagnosis, prognostication, and surveillance of PDAC. We also highlight protein biomarkers that are currently under investigation that have the potential to enhance our ability to detect early-stage malignancies, predict response to therapy, and monitor for recurrence, but these markers require larger prospective validation studies before they can be widely implemented. Continued efforts to identify and validate novel biomarkers will be crucial for improving the management and outcomes of patients with this challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin P. Sok
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Karunesh Polireddy
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Zhao G, Xue L, Weiner AI, Gong N, Adams-Tzivelekidis S, Wong J, Gentile ME, Nottingham AN, Basil MC, Lin SM, Niethamer TK, Diamond JM, Bermudez CA, Cantu E, Han X, Cao Y, Alameh MG, Weissman D, Morrisey EE, Mitchell MJ, Vaughan AE. TGF-βR2 signaling coordinates pulmonary vascular repair after viral injury in mice and human tissue. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadg6229. [PMID: 38295183 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adg6229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Disruption of pulmonary vascular homeostasis is a central feature of viral pneumonia, wherein endothelial cell (EC) death and subsequent angiogenic responses are critical determinants of the outcome of severe lung injury. A more granular understanding of the fundamental mechanisms driving reconstitution of lung endothelium is necessary to facilitate therapeutic vascular repair. Here, we demonstrated that TGF-β signaling through TGF-βR2 (transforming growth factor-β receptor 2) is activated in pulmonary ECs upon influenza infection, and mice deficient in endothelial Tgfbr2 exhibited prolonged injury and diminished vascular repair. Loss of endothelial Tgfbr2 prevented autocrine Vegfa (vascular endothelial growth factor α) expression, reduced endothelial proliferation, and impaired renewal of aerocytes thought to be critical for alveolar gas exchange. Angiogenic responses through TGF-βR2 were attributable to leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1, a proangiogenic factor that counterbalances canonical angiostatic TGF-β signaling. Further, we developed a lipid nanoparticle that targets the pulmonary endothelium, Lung-LNP (LuLNP). Delivery of Vegfa mRNA, a critical TGF-βR2 downstream effector, by LuLNPs improved the impaired regeneration phenotype of EC Tgfbr2 deficiency during influenza injury. These studies defined a role for TGF-βR2 in lung endothelial repair and demonstrated efficacy of an efficient and safe endothelial-targeted LNP capable of delivering therapeutic mRNA cargo for vascular repair in influenza infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lulu Xue
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aaron I Weiner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ningqiang Gong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stephanie Adams-Tzivelekidis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joanna Wong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Maria E Gentile
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ana N Nottingham
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Maria C Basil
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Susan M Lin
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Terren K Niethamer
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joshua M Diamond
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christian A Bermudez
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edward Cantu
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xuexiang Han
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yaqi Cao
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrew E Vaughan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Ma L, Wang W, Zhao Y, Liu M, Ye W, Li X. Application of LRG mechanism in normal pressure hydrocephalus. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23940. [PMID: 38223707 PMCID: PMC10784321 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a prevalent type of hydrocephalus, including secondary normal pressure hydrocephalus (SNPH) and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH). However, its clinical diagnosis and pathological mechanism are still unclear. Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein (LRG) is involved in various human diseases, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nervous system diseases. Now the physiological mechanism of LRG is still being explored. According to the current research results on LRG, we found that the agency of LRG has much to do with the known pathological process of NPH. This review focuses on analyzing the LRG signaling pathways and the pathological mechanism of NPH. According to the collected literature evidence, we speculated that LRG probably be involved in the pathological process of NPH. Finally, based on the mechanism of LRG and NPH, we also summarized the evidence of molecular targeted therapies for future research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yongqiang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Menghao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xianfeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
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Jiang W, Zhang T, Qiu Y, Liu Q, Chen X, Wang Q, Min X, Ouyang L, Jia S, Lu Q, He Y, Zhao M. Keratinocyte-to-macrophage communication exacerbate psoriasiform dermatitis via LRG1-enriched extracellular vesicles. Theranostics 2024; 14:1049-1064. [PMID: 38250043 PMCID: PMC10797285 DOI: 10.7150/thno.89180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Macrophage-associated inflammation and keratinocytes excessive proliferation and inflammatory cytokines secretion induced by stimulation play an important role in the progression of psoriasiform dermatitis. However, how these two types of cells communicate remains obscure. Methods: We induced a mouse model with experimental psoriasiform dermatitis by Imiquimod (IMQ). To investigate whether damaged keratinocytes promote macrophage polarization and accelerate skin lesions by releasing extracellular vesicle (EV), purified EV were isolated from the primary epidermis of 5-day IMQ-induced psoriasiform dermatitis model mice, and then fluorescence-labeled the EV with PKH67. The EV was injected into the skin of mice treated with IMQ or vehicle 2 days in situ. In addition, we established a co-culture system of the human monocytic cell line (THP-1) and HaCaT, and THP-1/HaCaT conditioned media culture model in vitro respectively. Subsequently, we evaluated the effect of Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1)-enriched EV on macrophage activation. Results: We demonstrated macrophages can significantly promote keratinocyte inflammation and macrophage polarization may be mediated by intercellular communication with keratinocytes. Interestingly, IMQ-induced 5-day, keratinocyte-derived EV recruited macrophage and enhanced the progression of skin lesions. Similar to results in vivo, EV released from M5-treated HaCaT significantly promotes Interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) expression of THP-1 cells. Importantly, we found that LRG1-enriched EV regulates macrophages via TGF beta Receptor 1 (TGFβR1) dependent process. Conclusion: Our findings indicated a novel mechanism for promoting psoriasiform dermatitis, which could be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Jiang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueqi Qiu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianmei Liu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiaolin Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoli Min
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Lianlian Ouyang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sujie Jia
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Irie K, Yamamoto T. Serum leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein is a useful biomarker for generalized pustular psoriasis. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14942. [PMID: 37770416 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kinuko Irie
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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40
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Jun JH, Kim JS, Palomera LF, Jo DG. Dysregulation of histone deacetylases in ocular diseases. Arch Pharm Res 2024; 47:20-39. [PMID: 38151648 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Ocular diseases are a growing global concern and have a significant impact on the quality of life. Cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy are the most prevalent ocular diseases. Their prevalence and the global market size are also increasing. However, the available pharmacotherapy is currently limited. These diseases share common pathophysiological features, including neovascularization, inflammation, and/or neurodegeneration. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a class of enzymes that catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues of histone and nonhistone proteins. HDACs are crucial for regulating various cellular processes, such as gene expression, protein stability, localization, and function. They have also been studied in various research fields, including cancer, inflammatory diseases, neurological disorders, and vascular diseases. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between HDACs and ocular diseases, to identify a new strategy for pharmacotherapy. This review article explores the role of HDACs in ocular diseases, specifically focusing on diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and retinopathy of prematurity, as well as optic nerve disorders, such as glaucoma and optic neuropathy. Additionally, we explore the interplay between HDACs and key regulators of fibrosis and angiogenesis, such as TGF-β and VEGF, highlighting the potential of targeting HDAC as novel therapeutic strategies for ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Jun
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, CKD Research Institute, Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical Co., Yongin, 16995, Korea
| | - Jun-Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Leon F Palomera
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Dong-Gyu Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea.
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea.
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Qian C, Liu C, Liu W, Zhou R, Zhao L. Targeting vascular normalization: a promising strategy to improve immune-vascular crosstalk in cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1291530. [PMID: 38193080 PMCID: PMC10773740 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1291530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are a key target for cancer therapy. Compared with the healthy vasculature, tumor blood vessels are extremely immature, highly permeable, and deficient in pericytes. The aberrantly vascularized tumor microenvironment is characterized by hypoxia, low pH, high interstitial pressure, and immunosuppression. The efficacy of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy is affected by abnormal blood vessels. Some anti-angiogenic drugs show vascular normalization effects in addition to targeting angiogenesis. Reversing the abnormal state of blood vessels creates a normal microenvironment, essential for various cancer treatments, specifically immunotherapy. In addition, immune cells and molecules are involved in the regulation of angiogenesis. Therefore, combining vascular normalization with immunotherapy may increase the efficacy of immunotherapy and reduce the risk of adverse reactions. In this review, we discussed the structure, function, and formation of abnormal vessels. In addition, we elaborated on the role of the immunosuppressive microenvironment in the formation of abnormal vessels. Finally, we described the clinical challenges associated with the combination of immunotherapy with vascular normalization, and highlighted future research directions in this therapeutic area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qian
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Li Z, Zhu J, Ouyang H. Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in improving hepatic fibrosis based on inhibiting pathological angiogenesis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1303012. [PMID: 38155904 PMCID: PMC10754536 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1303012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is the formation of scar tissue in the liver. This scar tissue replaces healthy liver tissue and can lead to liver dysfunction and failure if left untreated. It is usually caused by chronic liver disease, such as hepatitis B or C, alcohol abuse, or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Pathological angiogenesis plays a crucial role in the development of hepatic fibrosis by promoting the growth of new blood vessels in the liver. These new vessels increase blood flow to the damaged areas of the liver, which triggers the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). HSCs are responsible for producing excess collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins that contribute to the development of fibrosis. Pathological angiogenesis plays a crucial role in the development of hepatic fibrosis by promoting the growth of new blood vessels in the liver. These new vessels increase blood flow to the damaged areas of the liver, which triggers the activation of HSCs. HSCs are responsible for producing excess collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins that contribute to the development of fibrosis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been found to target pathological angiogenesis, thereby providing a potential treatment option for hepatic fibrosis. Several studies have demonstrated that TCM exhibits anti-angiogenic effects by inhibiting the production of pro-angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-2, and by reducing the proliferation of endothelial cells. Reviewing and highlighting the unique TCM recognition of treating hepatic fibrosis by targeting pathological angiogenesis may shed light on future hepatic fibrosis research.
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Altıncık SA, Yıldırımçakar D, Avcı E, Özhan B, Girişgen İ, Yüksel S. Plasma leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 - a novel marker of diabetic kidney disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus? Pediatr Nephrol 2023; 38:4043-4049. [PMID: 37401956 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-023-06019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glomerular endothelial dysfunction and neoangiogenesis play a significant role in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is a recently discovered protein that participates in the molecular pathway of inflammation and angiogenesis. We aimed to investigate efficacy of LRG1 to predict estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decrease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). METHODS The study comprised 72 participants with diabetes duration for ≥ 2 years. At study initiation, LRG1, urine albumin, eGFR (cystatin C-based, and Schwartz), HbA1c, and lipid values were evaluated and diabetes-related clinical features and anthropometric measurements were collected. These results were compared with final control values after ≥ 1 year. Patients were divided into subgroups according to presence of albuminuria progression, eGFR decrease, and metabolic control parameters. RESULTS There was positive correlation between LRG1 level and Schwartz and cystatin C-based eGFR decline (r = 0.360, p = 0.003; r = 0.447, p = 0.001, respectively), and negative correlation between final cystatin C-based eGFR and LRG1 (p = 0.01, r = -0.345). Patients with cystatin C-based eGFR decrease > 10% had significantly higher LRG1 levels (p = 0.03), however, LRG1 was not different between albuminuria progression subgroups. A 0.282 μg/ml increase in LRG1 correlated with a 1% decrease in eGFR in simple linear regression analysis (β = 0.282, %CI 0.11-0.45, p = 0.001) and LRG1 was an independent predictor of GFR decline even in the presence of covariates. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports the relationship between plasma LRG1 and eGFR decline and suggests LRG1 may be an early marker of DKD progression in children with T1DM. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selda Ayça Altıncık
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Didem Yıldırımçakar
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Esin Avcı
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Bayram Özhan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - İlknur Girişgen
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Selçuk Yüksel
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
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Pauleikhoff L, Boneva S, Boeck M, Schlecht A, Schlunck G, Agostini H, Lange C, Wolf J. Transcriptional Comparison of Human and Murine Retinal Neovascularization. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:46. [PMID: 38153746 PMCID: PMC10756240 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.15.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is the leading cause of vision loss in diseases like proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). A significant failure rate of current treatments indicates the need for novel treatment targets. Animal models are crucial in this process, but current diabetic retinopathy models do not develop RNV. Although the nondiabetic oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model is used to study RNV development, it is largely unknown how closely it resembles human PDR. Methods We therefore performed RNA sequencing on murine (C57BL/6J) OIR retinas (n = 14) and human PDR RNV membranes (n = 7) extracted during vitrectomy, each with reference to control tissue (n=13/10). Differentially expressed genes (DEG) and associated biological processes were analyzed and compared between human and murine RNV to assess molecular overlap and identify phylogenetically conserved factors. Results In total, 213 murine- and 1223 human-specific factors were upregulated with a small overlap of 94 DEG (7% of human DEG), although similar biological processes such as angiogenesis, regulation of immune response, and extracellular matrix organization were activated in both species. Phylogenetically conserved mediators included ANGPT2, S100A8, MCAM, EDNRA, and CCR7. Conclusions Even though few individual genes were upregulated simultaneously in both species, similar biological processes appeared to be activated. These findings demonstrate the potential and limitations of the OIR model to study human PDR and identify phylogenetically conserved potential treatment targets for PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurenz Pauleikhoff
- Eye Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stefaniya Boneva
- Eye Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Myriam Boeck
- Eye Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Anja Schlecht
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Günther Schlunck
- Eye Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hansjürgen Agostini
- Eye Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Clemens Lange
- Eye Center at St. Franziskus Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Julian Wolf
- Eye Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Molecular Surgery Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States
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Rhode H, Lüse A, Tautkus B, Nabity M, John-Kroegel U, Weigel F, Dost A, Schitke J, Metzing O, Böckhaus J, Rubel D, Kiess W, Gross O. Urinary Protein-Biomarkers Reliably Indicate Very Early Kidney Damage in Children With Alport Syndrome Independently of Albuminuria and Inflammation. Kidney Int Rep 2023; 8:2778-2793. [PMID: 38106579 PMCID: PMC10719601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alport syndrome (AS) is a hereditary type IV collagen disease. It starts shortly after birth, without clinical symptoms, and progresses to end-stage kidney disease early in life. The earlier therapy starts, the more effectively end-stage kidney disease can be delayed. Clearly then, to ensure preemptive therapy, early diagnosis is an essential prerequisite. Methods To provide early diagnosis, we searched for protein biomarkers (BMs) by mass spectrometry in dogs with AS stage 0. At this very early stage, we identified 74 candidate BMs. Of these, using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), we evaluated 27 in dogs and 28 in children, 50 with AS and 104 healthy controls. Results Most BMs from blood appeared as fractions of multiple variants of the same protein, as shown by their chromatographic distribution before mass spectrometry. Blood samples showed only minor differences because ELISAs rarely detect disease-specific variants. However, in urine , several proteins, individually or in combination, were promising indicators of very early and preclinical kidney injury. The BMs with the highest sensitivity and specificity were collagen type XIII, hyaluronan binding protein 2 (HABP2), and complement C4 binding protein (C4BP). Conclusion We generated very strong candidate BMs by our approach of first examining preclinical AS in dogs and then validating these BMs in children at early stages of disease. These BMs might serve for screening purposes for AS before the onset of kidney damage and therefore allow preemptive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidrun Rhode
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexandra Lüse
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Bärbel Tautkus
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Mary Nabity
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Axel Dost
- Department of Pediatrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Schitke
- Department of Pediatrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Metzing
- Department of Pediatrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Jan Böckhaus
- Clinics for Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Diana Rubel
- Clinics for Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Oliver Gross
- Clinics for Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Ruan Z, Cao G, Qian Y, Fu L, Hu J, Xu T, Wu Y, Lv Y. Single-cell RNA sequencing unveils Lrg1's role in cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury by modulating various cells. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:285. [PMID: 38037097 PMCID: PMC10687904 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02941-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury causes significant harm to human health and is a major contributor to stroke-related deaths worldwide. Current treatments are limited, and new, more effective prevention and treatment strategies that target multiple cell components are urgently needed. Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein 1 (Lrg1) appears to be associated with the progression of cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury, but the exact mechanism of it is unknown. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and Lrg1 knockout (Lrg1-/-) mice were used to investigate the role of Lrg1 after cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury. The effects of Lrg1 knockout on brain infarct volume, blood‒brain barrier permeability, and neurological score (based on 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride, evans blue dye, hematoxylin, and eosin staining) were assessed. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), immunofluorescence, and microvascular albumin leakage tests were utilized to investigate alterations in various cell components in brain tissue after Lrg1 knockout. RESULTS Lrg1 expression was increased in various cell types of brain tissue after cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury. Lrg1 knockout reduced cerebral edema and infarct size and improved neurological function after cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of WT and Lrg1-/- mouse brain tissues after cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury revealed that Lrg1 knockout enhances blood‒brain barrier (BBB) by upregulating claudin 11, integrin β5, protocadherin 9, and annexin A2. Lrg1 knockout also promoted an anti-inflammatory and tissue-repairing phenotype in microglia and macrophages while reducing neuron and oligodendrocyte cell death. CONCLUSIONS Our results has shown that Lrg1 mediates numerous pathological processes involved in cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury by altering the functional states of various cell types, thereby rendering it a promising therapeutic target for cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Ruan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guosheng Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yisong Qian
- School of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Longsheng Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinfang Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaoqi Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanni Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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Bonfil RD, Al-Eyd G. Evolving insights in blood-based liquid biopsies for prostate cancer interrogation. Oncoscience 2023; 10:69-80. [PMID: 38033786 PMCID: PMC10688444 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decade, blood sampling of cancer patients aimed at analyzing the presence of cells, membrane-bound vesicles, or molecules released by primary tumors or metastatic growths emerged as an alternative to traditional tissue biopsies. The advent of this minimally invasive approach, known as blood-based liquid biopsy, began to play a pivotal role in the management of diverse cancers, establishing itself as a vital component of precision medicine. Here, we discuss three blood-based liquid biopsies, namely circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and tumor-derived exosomes, as they relate to prostate cancer (PCa) management. The advances achieved in the molecular characterization of these types of liquid biopsies and their potential to predict recurrence, improve responses to certain treatments, and evaluate prognosis, in PCa patients, are highlighted herein. While there is currently full clinical validation for only one CTC-based and one ctDNA-based liquid biopsy for patients with metastatic castration-resistant PCa, the adoption of additional methods is anticipated as they undergo standardization and achieve analytical and clinical validation. Advantages and disadvantages of different blood-based liquid biopsy approaches in the context of PCa are outlined herein, while also considering potential synergies through combinatory strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Daniel Bonfil
- Department of Medical Education, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Ghaith Al-Eyd
- Department of Medical Education, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
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Wen B, Liao H, Lin W, Li Z, Ma X, Xu Q, Yu F. The Role of TGF-β during Pregnancy and Pregnancy Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16882. [PMID: 38069201 PMCID: PMC10706464 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), a multifunctional cytokine, is one of the most important inflammatory cytokines closely related to pregnancy. It plays significant roles in hormone secretion, placental development, and embryonic growth during pregnancy. TGF-β is implicated in embryo implantation and inhibits the invasion of extraepithelial trophoblast cells. It also moderates the mother-fetus interaction by adjusting the secretion pattern of immunomodulatory factors in the placenta, consequently influencing the mother's immune cells. The TGF-β family regulates the development of the nervous, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems by regulating gene expression. Furthermore, TGF-β has been associated with various pregnancy complications. An increase in TGF-β levels can induce the occurrences of pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus, while a decrease can lead to recurrent miscarriage due to the interference of the immune tolerance environment. This review focuses on the role of TGF-β in embryo implantation and development, providing new insights for the clinical prevention and treatment of pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohong Wen
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (B.W.); (H.L.); (W.L.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Huixin Liao
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (B.W.); (H.L.); (W.L.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Weilin Lin
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (B.W.); (H.L.); (W.L.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Zhikai Li
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (B.W.); (H.L.); (W.L.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Xiaoqing Ma
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (B.W.); (H.L.); (W.L.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Qian Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Feiyuan Yu
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (B.W.); (H.L.); (W.L.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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Grzesiak L, Amaya-Garrido A, Feuillet G, Malet N, Swiader A, Sarthou MK, Wahart A, Ramel D, Gayral S, Schanstra JP, Klein J, Laffargue M. Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein 1 Accumulates in Complicated Atherosclerosis and Promotes Calcification. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16537. [PMID: 38003727 PMCID: PMC10671851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of cardiovascular disease. The development of plaque complications, such as calcification and neo-angiogenesis, strongly impacts plaque stability and is a good predictor of mortality in patients with atherosclerosis. Despite well-known risk factors of plaque complications, such as diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease, the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. We and others have identified that the concentration of circulating leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) was increased in diabetic and chronic kidney disease patients. Using apolipoprotein E knockout mice (ApoE-/-) (fed with Western diet) that developed advanced atherosclerosis and using human carotid endarterectomy, we showed that LRG1 accumulated into an atherosclerotic plaque, preferentially in calcified areas. We then investigated the possible origin of LRG1 and its functions on vascular cells and found that LRG1 expression was specifically enhanced in endothelial cells via inflammatory mediators and not in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Moreover, we identified that LRG1 was able to induce calcification and SMAD1/5-signaling pathways in VSMC. In conclusion, our results identified for the first time that LRG1 is a direct contributor to vascular calcification and suggest a role of this molecule in the development of plaque complications in patients with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Grzesiak
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Ana Amaya-Garrido
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Guylène Feuillet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Nicole Malet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Audrey Swiader
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Kerguelen Sarthou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Amandine Wahart
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Damien Ramel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Gayral
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Joost Peter Schanstra
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Julie Klein
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Muriel Laffargue
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
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He M, Borlak J. A genomic perspective of the aging human and mouse lung with a focus on immune response and cellular senescence. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:58. [PMID: 37932771 PMCID: PMC10626779 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00373-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aging lung is a complex process and influenced by various stressors, especially airborne pathogens and xenobiotics. Additionally, a lifetime exposure to antigens results in structural and functional changes of the lung; yet an understanding of the cell type specific responses remains elusive. To gain insight into age-related changes in lung function and inflammaging, we evaluated 89 mouse and 414 individual human lung genomic data sets with a focus on genes mechanistically linked to extracellular matrix (ECM), cellular senescence, immune response and pulmonary surfactant, and we interrogated single cell RNAseq data to fingerprint cell type specific changes. RESULTS We identified 117 and 68 mouse and human genes linked to ECM remodeling which accounted for 46% and 27%, respectively of all ECM coding genes. Furthermore, we identified 73 and 31 mouse and human genes linked to cellular senescence, and the majority code for the senescence associated secretory phenotype. These cytokines, chemokines and growth factors are primarily secreted by macrophages and fibroblasts. Single-cell RNAseq data confirmed age-related induced expression of marker genes of macrophages, neutrophil, eosinophil, dendritic, NK-, CD4+, CD8+-T and B cells in the lung of aged mice. This included the highly significant regulation of 20 genes coding for the CD3-T-cell receptor complex. Conversely, for the human lung we primarily observed macrophage and CD4+ and CD8+ marker genes as changed with age. Additionally, we noted an age-related induced expression of marker genes for mouse basal, ciliated, club and goblet cells, while for the human lung, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts marker genes increased with age. Therefore, we infer a change in cellular activity of these cell types with age. Furthermore, we identified predominantly repressed expression of surfactant coding genes, especially the surfactant transporter Abca3, thus highlighting remodeling of surfactant lipids with implications for the production of inflammatory lipids and immune response. CONCLUSION We report the genomic landscape of the aging lung and provide a rationale for its growing stiffness and age-related inflammation. By comparing the mouse and human pulmonary genome, we identified important differences between the two species and highlight the complex interplay of inflammaging, senescence and the link to ECM remodeling in healthy but aged individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng He
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jürgen Borlak
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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