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Farazi MM, Jafarinejad-Farsangi S, Miri Karam Z, Gholizadeh M, Hadadi M, Yari A. Circular RNAs: Epigenetic regulators of PTEN expression and function in cancer. Gene 2024; 916:148442. [PMID: 38582262 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression, without altering the DNA sequence, is involved in many normal cellular growth and division events, as well as diseases such as cancer. Epigenetics is no longer limited to DNA methylation, and histone modification, but regulatory non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) also play an important role in epigenetics. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), single-stranded RNAs without 3' and 5' ends, have recently emerged as a class of ncRNAs that regulate gene expression. CircRNAs regulate phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression at various levels of transcription, post-transcription, translation, and post-translation under their own regulation. Given the importance of PTEN as a tumor suppressor in cancer that inhibits one of the most important cancer pathways PI3K/AKT involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival, significant studies have been conducted on the regulatory role of circRNAs in relation to PTEN. These studies will be reviewed in this paper to better understand the function of this protein in cancer and explore new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeideh Jafarinejad-Farsangi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Zahra Miri Karam
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic & Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholizadeh
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifwald, Germany
| | - Maryam Hadadi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Yari
- Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic & Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Zhou Y, Tao L, Qiu J, Xu J, Yang X, Zhang Y, Tian X, Guan X, Cen X, Zhao Y. Tumor biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:132. [PMID: 38763973 PMCID: PMC11102923 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor biomarkers, the substances which are produced by tumors or the body's responses to tumors during tumorigenesis and progression, have been demonstrated to possess critical and encouraging value in screening and early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, recurrence detection, and therapeutic efficacy monitoring of cancers. Over the past decades, continuous progress has been made in exploring and discovering novel, sensitive, specific, and accurate tumor biomarkers, which has significantly promoted personalized medicine and improved the outcomes of cancer patients, especially advances in molecular biology technologies developed for the detection of tumor biomarkers. Herein, we summarize the discovery and development of tumor biomarkers, including the history of tumor biomarkers, the conventional and innovative technologies used for biomarker discovery and detection, the classification of tumor biomarkers based on tissue origins, and the application of tumor biomarkers in clinical cancer management. In particular, we highlight the recent advancements in biomarker-based anticancer-targeted therapies which are emerging as breakthroughs and promising cancer therapeutic strategies. We also discuss limitations and challenges that need to be addressed and provide insights and perspectives to turn challenges into opportunities in this field. Collectively, the discovery and application of multiple tumor biomarkers emphasized in this review may provide guidance on improved precision medicine, broaden horizons in future research directions, and expedite the clinical classification of cancer patients according to their molecular biomarkers rather than organs of origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lei Tao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiahao Qiu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- School of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Xinyu Tian
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinqi Guan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Huang X, Zhang C, Shang X, Chen Y, Xiao Q, Wei Z, Wang G, Zhen X, Xu G, Min J, Shen S, Liu Y. The NTE domain of PTENα/β promotes cancer progression by interacting with WDR5 via its SSSRRSS motif. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:335. [PMID: 38744853 PMCID: PMC11094138 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06714-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
PTENα/β, two variants of PTEN, play a key role in promoting tumor growth by interacting with WDR5 through their N-terminal extensions (NTEs). This interaction facilitates the recruitment of the SET1/MLL methyltransferase complex, resulting in histone H3K4 trimethylation and upregulation of oncogenes such as NOTCH3, which in turn promotes tumor growth. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this interaction has remained elusive. In this study, we determined the first crystal structure of PTENα-NTE in complex with WDR5, which reveals that PTENα utilizes a unique binding motif of a sequence SSSRRSS found in the NTE domain of PTENα/β to specifically bind to the WIN site of WDR5. Disruption of this interaction significantly impedes cell proliferation and tumor growth, highlighting the potential of the WIN site inhibitors of WDR5 as a way of therapeutic intervention of the PTENα/β associated cancers. These findings not only shed light on the important role of the PTENα/β-WDR5 interaction in carcinogenesis, but also present a promising avenue for developing cancer treatments that target this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Institute of Aging & Tissue Regeneration, Ren-Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), 200127, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinci Shang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yichang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qin Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengguo Wei
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuechu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinrong Min
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shaoming Shen
- Institute of Aging & Tissue Regeneration, Ren-Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), 200127, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yanli Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Baldarelli RM, Smith CL, Ringwald M, Richardson JE, Bult CJ. Mouse Genome Informatics: an integrated knowledgebase system for the laboratory mouse. Genetics 2024; 227:iyae031. [PMID: 38531069 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyae031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) is a federation of expertly curated information resources designed to support experimental and computational investigations into genetic and genomic aspects of human biology and disease using the laboratory mouse as a model system. The Mouse Genome Database (MGD) and the Gene Expression Database (GXD) are core MGI databases that share data and system architecture. MGI serves as the central community resource of integrated information about mouse genome features, variation, expression, gene function, phenotype, and human disease models acquired from peer-reviewed publications, author submissions, and major bioinformatics resources. To facilitate integration and standardization of data, biocuration scientists annotate using terms from controlled metadata vocabularies and biological ontologies (e.g. Mammalian Phenotype Ontology, Mouse Developmental Anatomy, Disease Ontology, Gene Ontology, etc.), and by applying international community standards for gene, allele, and mouse strain nomenclature. MGI serves basic scientists, translational researchers, and data scientists by providing access to FAIR-compliant data in both human-readable and compute-ready formats. The MGI resource is accessible at https://informatics.jax.org. Here, we present an overview of the core data types represented in MGI and highlight recent enhancements to the resource with a focus on new data and functionality for MGD and GXD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carol J Bult
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
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Terrazzan A, Vanini R, Ancona P, Bianchi N, Taccioli C, Aguiari G. State-of-the-art in transposable element modulation affected by drugs in malignant prostatic cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30557. [PMID: 38501160 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Over recent years, the investigation of transposable elements (TEs) has granted researchers a deeper comprehension of their characteristics and functions, particularly regarding their significance in the mechanisms contributing to cancer development. This manuscript focuses on prostate carcinoma cell lines and offers a comprehensive review intended to scrutinize the associations and interactions between TEs and genes, as well as their response to treatment using various chemical drugs, emphasizing their involvement in cancer progression. We assembled a compendium of articles retrieved from the PubMed database to construct networks demonstrating correlations with genes and pharmaceuticals. In doing so, we linked the transposition of certain TE types to the expression of specific transcripts directly implicated in carcinogenesis. Additionally, we underline that treatment employing different drugs revealed unique patterns of TE reactivation. Our hypothesis gathers the current understanding and guides research toward evidence-based investigations, emphasizing the association between antiviral drugs, chemotherapy, and the reduced expression of TEs in patients affected by prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Terrazzan
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory for Advanced Therapy Technologies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Vanini
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pietro Ancona
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Bianchi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cristian Taccioli
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Gianluca Aguiari
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Wang Z, Zhang YX, Shi JZ, Yan Y, Zhao LL, Kou JJ, He YY, Xie XM, Zhang SJ, Pang XB. RNA m6A methylation and regulatory proteins in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:1273-1287. [PMID: 38438725 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01607-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
m6A (N6‑methyladenosine) is the most common and abundant apparent modification in mRNA of eukaryotes. The modification of m6A is regulated dynamically and reversibly by methyltransferase (writer), demethylase (eraser), and binding protein (reader). It plays a significant role in various processes of mRNA metabolism, including regulation of transcription, maturation, translation, degradation, and stability. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a malignant cardiopulmonary vascular disease characterized by abnormal proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Despite the existence of several effective and targeted therapies, there is currently no cure for PAH and the prognosis remains poor. Recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of m6A modification in cardiovascular diseases. Investigating the role of RNA m6A methylation in PAH could provide valuable insights for drug development. This review aims to explore the mechanism and function of m6A in the pathogenesis of PAH and discuss the potential targeting of RNA m6A methylation modification as a treatment for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Jun-Zhuo Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu-Ling Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Jie-Jian Kou
- Department of Pharmacy, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Yang-Yang He
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Xin-Mei Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Henan, China.
| | - Si-Jin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Dunston K, Hunter MI, Johannesen E, Jung JS, Kim TH, Yoo JY, Jeong JW. ERBB2 Targeting Reveals a Significant Suppression of Tumorigenesis in Murine Endometrial Cancer with Pten Mutation. Reprod Sci 2024:10.1007/s43032-024-01546-3. [PMID: 38637476 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01546-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy. PTEN is a negative regulator of PI3K signaling and is deficient in > 50% of primary human endometrial cancer. Amplification of ERBB2 promotes tumorigenesis and pathogenesis of several human cancers. However, the effect of ERBB2 targeting has not been studied in endometrial cancer with PTEN mutations. The murine model Pgrcre/+Erbb2f/fPtenf/f (Erbb2d/d Ptend/d) was developed to evaluate the effect of ERBB2 targeted therapy in endometrial cancer with PTEN deficiency. Histopathological and molecular analysis was performed for Ptend/d and Erbb2d/dPtend/d mice. Histopathological analysis revealed that Erbb2d/dPtend/d mice significantly reduced development and progression of endometrial cancer compared to Ptend/d mice. Furthermore, percentage of proliferative cells in Erbb2d/dPtend/d mice revealed anti-tumorigenic effect of Erbb2 ablation compared to Ptend/d mice. Our results demonstrate that Erbb2 ablation reveals a significant suppression of tumorigenesis on endometrial cancer of Ptend/d mice. Our results suggest that Erbb2 functions as an oncogene in endometrial cancer of Ptend/d mice implying that Erbb2 targeting can be used as an effective therapeutic approach for treatment of endometrial cancer with PTEN deficiency to hinder cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystina Dunston
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, 1030 Hitt Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Mark I Hunter
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, 1030 Hitt Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Eric Johannesen
- Department of Pathology Medical Science Building (MSB), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Jin-Seok Jung
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University Mirae Campus, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, 1030 Hitt Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Jung-Yoon Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University Mirae Campus, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26493, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Wook Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, 1030 Hitt Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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Hu Y, Mei H, Luan T, Sun H, Lu Q, Liu R. Effect of stability of PTEN on hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Ther 2024; 20:726-735. [PMID: 38687946 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_349_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an antioncogene gene, phosphataseandtensinhomolog (PTEN) is closely related to tumorigenesis. However, after mutation, PTEN will lose its function and no longer exert a tumor suppression effect. Through this research, we explored the impact of PTEN mutation on hepatic carcinoma (HCC) and the mechanism of PTEN for regulating HCC. METHODS First, bioinformatics was used to analyze the prognosis of PTEN in HCC. PTEN-related genes were then further analyzed by the LinkedOmics database, and GO and KEGG functional enrichment analysis were performed. Next, databases were utilized to predict the mutation and mutation frequency of PTEN. Eventually, CRISPR-Cas12a was applied to detect the R130Q mutation on PTEN in clinical samples of HCC. Finally, the fact that miR-92a-3p targets PTEN was identified by dual luciferase reporter gene assays, RT-qPCR, western blot, and rescue experiments. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis indicated the high mutation frequency of R130Q/G/L* site on the PTEN gene. Through CRISPR-Cas12a, R130Q mutation was detected on PTEN in 26 out of 40 clinical samples of HCC. CONCLUSIONS On the one hand, our study revealed that CRISPR-Cas12a might play an important role in the screening and prognosis of HCC as a new clinical method to detect PTEN mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Hu
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Central Theater Command General Hospital and Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention,Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongliang Mei
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Central Theater Command General Hospital and Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention,Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tianji Luan
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huiling Sun
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiping Lu
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
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Liu D, Yehia L, Dhawan A, Ni Y, Eng C. Cell-free DNA fragmentomics and second malignant neoplasm risk in patients with PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101384. [PMID: 38242121 PMCID: PMC10897513 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Individuals with PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) harbor pathogenic germline PTEN variants that confer a significantly increased lifetime risk of various organ-specific cancers including second primary malignant neoplasms (SMNs). Currently, there are no reliable biomarkers that can predict individual-level cancer risk. Despite the highly promising value of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as a biomarker for underlying sporadic cancers, the utility of cfDNA in individuals with known cancer-associated germline variants and subclinical cancers remains poorly understood. We perform ultra-low-pass whole-genome sequencing (ULP-WGS) of cfDNA from plasma samples from patients with PHTS and cancer as well as those without cancer. Analysis of cfDNA reveals that patients with PHTS and SMNs have distinct cfDNA size distribution, aberrant genome-wide fragmentation, and differential fragment end motif frequencies. Our work provides evidence that cfDNA profiles may be used as a marker for SMN risk in patients with PHTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Liu
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Lamis Yehia
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Andrew Dhawan
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Center for Personalized Genetic Healthcare, Medical Specialties Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Ying Ni
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Charis Eng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Center for Personalized Genetic Healthcare, Medical Specialties Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Germline High Risk Cancer Focus Group, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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10
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Rafiyian M, Gouyandeh F, Saati M, Davoodvandi A, Rasooli Manesh SM, Asemi R, Sharifi M, Asemi Z. Melatonin affects the expression of microRNA-21: A mini-review of current evidence. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155160. [PMID: 38277748 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) is an endogenous hormone produced by pineal gland which possess promising anti-tumor effects. Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of MLT, along with its immunomodulatory, proapoptotic, and anti-angiogenic properties, are often referred to the main mechanisms of its anti-tumor effects. Recent evidence has suggested that epigenetic alterations are also involved in the anti-tumor properties of MLT. Among these MLT-induced epigenetic alterations is modulation of the expression of several oncogenic and tumor suppressor microRNAs(miRNAs). MiRNAs are among the most promising and potential therapeutic and diagnostic tools in different diseases and enhanced the development of better therapeutic drugs. Suppression of oncomicroRNAs such as microRNA-21, - 20a, and - 27a as well as, up-regulation of microRNA-34 a/c are among the most important effects of MLT on microRNAs homeostasis. Recently, miR-21 has attracted the attention of scientists due to the its wide range of effects on different cancers and diseases. Regulation of this RNA may be a key to the development of better therapeutic targets. The present review will summarize the findings of in vitro and experimental studies of MLT-induced impacts on the expression of microRNAs which are involved in different models and numerous stages of tumor initiation, growth, metastasis, and chemo-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Rafiyian
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Gouyandeh
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Saati
- Department of Nursing, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amirhossein Davoodvandi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Reza Asemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehran Sharifi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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11
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Nair NU, Schäffer AA, Gertz EM, Cheng K, Zerbib J, Sahu AD, Leor G, Shulman ED, Aldape KD, Ben-David U, Ruppin E. Chromosome 7 to the rescue: overcoming chromosome 10 loss in gliomas. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.17.576103. [PMID: 38313282 PMCID: PMC10836086 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.17.576103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The co-occurrence of chromosome 10 loss and chromosome 7 gain in gliomas is the most frequent loss-gain co-aneuploidy pair in human cancers, a phenomenon that has been investigated without resolution since the late 1980s. Expanding beyond previous gene-centric studies, we investigate the co-occurrence in a genome-wide manner taking an evolutionary perspective. First, by mining large tumor aneuploidy data, we predict that the more likely order is 10 loss followed by 7 gain. Second, by analyzing extensive genomic and transcriptomic data from both patients and cell lines, we find that this co-occurrence can be explained by functional rescue interactions that are highly enriched on 7, which can possibly compensate for any detrimental consequences arising from the loss of 10. Finally, by analyzing transcriptomic data from normal, non-cancerous, human brain tissues, we provide a plausible reason why this co-occurrence happens preferentially in cancers originating in certain regions of the brain.
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Yang M, Li T, Guo S, Song K, Gong C, Huang N, Pang D, Xiao H. CVD phenotyping in oncologic disorders: cardio-miRNAs as a potential target to improve individual outcomes in revers cardio-oncology. J Transl Med 2024; 22:50. [PMID: 38216965 PMCID: PMC10787510 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04680-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
With the increase of aging population and prevalence of obesity, the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer has also presented an increasing tendency. These two different diseases, which share some common risk factors. Relevant studies in the field of reversing Cardio-Oncology have shown that the phenotype of CVD has a significant adverse effect on tumor prognosis, which is mainly manifested by a positive correlation between CVD and malignant progression of concomitant tumors. This distal crosstalk and the link between different diseases makes us aware of the importance of diagnosis, prediction, management and personalized treatment of systemic diseases. The circulatory system bridges the interaction between CVD and cancer, which suggests that we need to fully consider the systemic and holistic characteristics of these two diseases in the process of clinical treatment. The circulating exosome-miRNAs has been intrinsically associated with CVD -related regulation, which has become one of the focuses on clinical and basic research (as biomarker). The changes in the expression profiles of cardiovascular disease-associated miRNAs (Cardio-miRNAs) may adversely affect concomitant tumors. In this article, we sorted and screened CVD and tumor-related miRNA data based on literature, then summarized their commonalities and characteristics (several important pathways), and further discussed the conclusions of Cardio-Oncology related experimental studies. We take a holistic approach to considering CVD as a risk factor for tumor malignancy, which provides an in-depth analysis of the various regulatory mechanisms or pathways involved in the dual attribute miRNAs (Cardio-/Onco-miRNAs). These mechanisms will be key to revealing the systemic effects of CVD on tumors and highlight the holistic nature of different diseases. Therefore, the Cardio-miRNAs should be given great attention from researchers in the field of CVD and tumors, which might become new targets for tumor treatment. Meanwhile, based on the principles of precision medicine (such as the predictive preventive personalized medicine, 3PM) and reverse Cardio-oncology to better improve individual outcomes, we should consider developing personalized medicine and systemic therapy for cancer from the perspective of protecting cardiovascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- The Lab of Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tiepeng Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujin Guo
- Department of Health Management & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Kangping Song
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuhui Gong
- The Lab of Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Huang
- The Lab of Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dejiang Pang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Hengyi Xiao
- The Lab of Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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13
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Ruan D, Xu J, Liu Y, Luo J, Zhao X, Li Y, Wang G, Feng J, Liang H, Yin Y, Luo J, Yin Y. CircPTEN-MT from PTEN regulates mitochondrial energy metabolism. J Genet Genomics 2024:S1673-8527(24)00001-8. [PMID: 38184105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a multifunctional gene that is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are generated from back-splicing events during mRNA processing and participate in cell biological processes through binding to RNAs or proteins. However, PTEN-related circRNAs are largely unknown. Here we report that circPTEN- mitochondria (MT) (hsa_circ_0002934) is a circular RNA encoded by exons 3, 4, and 5 of PTEN and is a critical regulator of mitochondrial energy metabolism. CircPTEN-MT is localized to mitochondria and physically associated with leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein (LRPPRC), which regulates posttranscriptional gene expression in mitochondria. Knocking down circPTEN-MT reduces the interaction of LRPPRC and steroid receptor RNA activator (SRA) stem-loop interacting RNA binding protein (SLIRP) and inhibits the polyadenylation of mitochondrial mRNA, which decreases the mRNA level of the mitochondrial complex Ι subunit and reduces mitochondrial membrane potential and adenosine triphosphate production. Our data demonstrate that circPTEN-MT is an important regulator of cellular energy metabolism. This study expands our understanding of the role of PTEN, which produces both linear and circular RNAs with different and independent functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danhui Ruan
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking-Tsinghua Center of Life Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiancheng Xu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking-Tsinghua Center of Life Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking-Tsinghua Center of Life Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Juan Luo
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Xuyang Zhao
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking-Tsinghua Center of Life Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuhua Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking-Tsinghua Center of Life Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guangxi Wang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking-Tsinghua Center of Life Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiawen Feng
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking-Tsinghua Center of Life Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking-Tsinghua Center of Life Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jianyuan Luo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuxin Yin
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking-Tsinghua Center of Life Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China.
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14
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Zhang Y, Chen W, Dong X, Shang W, Shao S, Zhang L. Long-term maintenance of human endometrial epithelial organoids and their stem cell properties. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 123:108522. [PMID: 38096957 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The endometrium undergoes dynamic changes throughout the menstrual cycle and pregnancy, which is unique to primates. Endometrium remodeling is essential for the implantation and nutritional support of the conceptus. Despite this, the role of uterine glands in driving endometrial tissue remodeling is still poorly understood. To address this, a 3-dimensional culture system was used to generate endometrial epithelial organoids from human endometrium biopsies. These organoids are genetically stable, long-term expandability. They reproduce some functions of uterine glands in vivo. The epithelial organoids exhibit characteristics of stem cells, with the proportion of stem cells increasing with culture time and passage number. Long-term maintenance of organoids strongly expressed stemness related genes accompanied by a decrease expression in mature epithelial gene, which suggests the organoids had switched from a mature stage to a progenitor stage. Thus we proposed the possible markers for epithelial progenitors. Meanwhile, long-term cultured organoids exhibit an increase in the proportion of luminal epithelial stem cells, accompanied by a decrease of glandular epithelial stem cells. Organoids also show hormone responsiveness, reflecting the various stages of the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, 050000 Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, 050000 Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaomin Dong
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), 100010 Beijing, China
| | - Wei Shang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100010 Beijing, China
| | - Suxia Shao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, 050000 Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, 050000 Shijiazhuang, China.
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15
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Deng X, Ning Z, Li L, Cui Z, Du X, Amevor FK, Tian Y, Shu G, Du X, Han X, Zhao X. High expression of miR-22-3p in chicken hierarchical follicles promotes granulosa cell proliferation, steroidogenesis, and lipid metabolism via PTEN/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127415. [PMID: 37848113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of RNA macromolecules that play regulatory roles in follicle development by inhibiting protein translation through binding to the 3'UTR of its target genes. Granulosa cell (GC) proliferation, steroidogenesis, and lipid metabolism have indispensable effect during folliculogenesis. In this study, we found that miR-22-3p was highly expressed in the hierarchical follicles of the chickens, which indicated that it may be involved in follicle development. The results obtained suggested that miR-22-3p promoted proliferation, hormone secretion (progesterone and estrogen), and the content of lipid droplets (LDs) in the chicken primary GC. The results from the bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting, confirmed that PTEN was directly targeted to miR-22-3p. Subsequently, it was revealed that PTEN inhibited proliferation, hormone secretion, and the content of LDs in GC. Therefore, this study showed that miR-22-3p could activate PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway via targeting PTEN. Taken together, the findings from this study indicated that miR-22-3p was highly expressed in the hierarchical follicles of chickens, which promotes GC proliferation, steroidogenesis, and lipid metabolism by repressing PTEN to activate PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Deng
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Zifan Ning
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, PR China; Guizhou Hongyu Animal Husbandry Technology Development Co., Ltd, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Zhifu Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiaxia Du
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Felix Kwame Amevor
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Yaofu Tian
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohui Du
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Xue Han
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, PR China; Guizhou Hongyu Animal Husbandry Technology Development Co., Ltd, Guiyang, PR China.
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China.
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16
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Lu M, Zhang X, Chu Q, Chen Y, Zhang P. Susceptibility Genes Associated with Multiple Primary Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5788. [PMID: 38136334 PMCID: PMC10741435 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
With advancements in treatment and screening techniques, we have been witnessing an era where more cancer survivors harbor multiple primary cancers (MPCs), affecting approximately one in six patients. Identifying MPCs is crucial for tumor staging and subsequent treatment choices. However, the current clinicopathological criteria for clinical application are limited and insufficient, making it challenging to differentiate them from recurrences or metastases. The emergence of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has provided a genetic perspective for defining multiple primary cancers. Researchers have found that, when considering multiple tumor pairs, it is crucial not only to examine well-known essential mutations like MLH1/MSH2, EGFR, PTEN, BRCA1/2, CHEK2, and TP53 mutations but also to explore certain pleiotropic loci. Moreover, specific deleterious mutations may serve as regulatory factors in second cancer development following treatment. This review aims to discuss these susceptibility genes and provide an explanation of their functions based on the signaling pathway background. Additionally, the association network between genetic signatures and different tumor pairs will be summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (M.L.)
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17
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Liao WT, Chiang YJ, Yang-Yen HF, Hsu LC, Chang ZF, Yen JJY. CBAP regulates the function of Akt-associated TSC protein complexes to modulate mTORC1 signaling. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105455. [PMID: 37949232 PMCID: PMC10698277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Akt-Rheb-mTORC1 pathway plays a crucial role in regulating cell growth, but the mechanisms underlying the activation of Rheb-mTORC1 by Akt remain unclear. In our previous study, we found that CBAP was highly expressed in human T-ALL cells and primary tumors, and its deficiency led to reduced phosphorylation of TSC2/S6K1 signaling proteins as well as impaired cell proliferation and leukemogenicity. We also demonstrated that CBAP was required for Akt-mediated TSC2 phosphorylation in vitro. In response to insulin, CBAP was also necessary for the phosphorylation of TSC2/S6K1 and the dissociation of TSC2 from the lysosomal membrane. Here we report that CBAP interacts with AKT and TSC2, and knockout of CBAP or serum starvation leads to an increase in TSC1 in the Akt/TSC2 immunoprecipitation complexes. Lysosomal-anchored CBAP was found to override serum starvation and promote S6K1 and 4EBP1 phosphorylation and c-Myc expression in a TSC2-dependent manner. Additionally, recombinant CBAP inhibited the GAP activity of TSC2 complexes in vitro, leading to increased Rheb-GTP loading, likely due to the competition between TSC1 and CBAP for binding to the HBD domain of TSC2. Overexpression of the N26 region of CBAP, which is crucial for binding to TSC2, resulted in a decrease in mTORC1 signaling and an increase in TSC1 association with the TSC2/AKT complex, ultimately leading to increased GAP activity toward Rheb and impaired cell proliferation. Thus, we propose that CBAP can modulate the stability of TSC1-TSC2 as well as promote the translocation of TSC1/TSC2 complexes away from lysosomes to regulate Rheb-mTORC1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Liao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Jung Chiang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Li-Chung Hsu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zee-Fen Chang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jeffrey J Y Yen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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18
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Hitomi M, Venegas J, Kang SC, Eng C. Differential cell cycle checkpoint evasion by PTEN germline mutations associated with dichotomous phenotypes of cancer versus autism spectrum disorder. Oncogene 2023; 42:3698-3707. [PMID: 37907589 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02867-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with a PTEN germline mutation receive the molecular diagnosis of PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS). PHTS displays a complex spectrum of clinical phenotypes including harmartomas, predisposition to cancers, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Clear-cut genotype-phenotype correlations are yet to be established due to insufficient information on the PTEN function being impacted by mutations. To fill this knowledge gap, we compared functional impacts of two selected missense PTEN mutant alleles, G132D and M134R, each respectively being associated with distinct clinical phenotype, ASD or thyroid cancer without ASD using gene-edited human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). In homozygous hiPSCs, PTEN expression was severely reduced by M134R mutation due to shortened protein half-life. G132D suppressed PTEN expression to a lesser extent than Μ134R mutation without altering protein half-life. When challenged with γ-irradiation, G132D heterozygous cells exited radiation-induced G2 arrest earlier than wildtype and M134R heterozygous hiPSCs despite the similar DNA damage levels as the latter two. Immunoblotting analyses suggested that γ-irradiation induced apoptosis in G132D heterozygous cells to lesser degrees than in the hiPSCs of other genotypes. These data suggest that ASD-associated G132D allele promotes genome instability by premature cell cycle reentry with incomplete DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Hitomi
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Juan Venegas
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Shin Chung Kang
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Charis Eng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
- Center for Personalized Genetic Healthcare, Medical Specialties Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
- Department of Genetics and Genome Science, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44116, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44116, USA.
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Ramazi S, Daddzadi M, Sahafnejad Z, Allahverdi A. Epigenetic regulation in lung cancer. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e401. [PMID: 37901797 PMCID: PMC10600507 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is indeed a major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The development of tumors involves a complex interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation (DNAm), histone modifications, and microRNA expression, play a crucial role in this process. Changes in DNAm patterns can lead to the silencing of important genes involved in cellular functions, contributing to the development and progression of lung cancer. MicroRNAs and exosomes have also emerged as reliable biomarkers for lung cancer. They can provide valuable information about early diagnosis and treatment assessment. In particular, abnormal hypermethylation of gene promoters and its effects on tumorigenesis, as well as its roles in the Wnt signaling pathway, have been extensively studied. Epigenetic drugs have shown promise in the treatment of lung cancer. These drugs target the aberrant epigenetic modifications that are involved in the development and progression of the disease. Several factors have been identified as drug targets in non-small cell lung cancer. Recently, combination therapy has been discussed as a successful strategy for overcoming drug resistance. Overall, understanding the role of epigenetic mechanisms and their targeting through drugs is an important area of research in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Ramazi
- Department of BiophysicsFaculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Meadeh Daddzadi
- Department of BiotechnologyFaculty of Advanced Science and TechnologyTehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Zahra Sahafnejad
- Department of BiophysicsFaculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Abdollah Allahverdi
- Department of BiophysicsFaculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
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20
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Zheng F, Zhong J, Chen K, Shi Y, Wang F, Wang S, Tang S, Yuan X, Shen Z, Tang S, Xia D, Wu Y, Lu W. PINK1-PTEN axis promotes metastasis and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer via non-canonical pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:295. [PMID: 37940999 PMCID: PMC10633943 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02823-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is commonly associated with a poor prognosis due to metastasis and chemoresistance. PINK1 (PTEN-induced kinase 1) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays a crucial part in regulating various physiological and pathophysiological processes in cancer cells. METHODS The ATdb database and "CuratedOvarianData" were used to evaluate the effect of kinases on ovarian cancer survival. The gene expression in ovarian cancer cells was detected by Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR. The effects of gene knockdown or overexpression in vitro were evaluated by wound healing assay, cell transwell assay, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry analysis. Mass spectrometry analysis, protein structure analysis, co-immunoprecipitation assay, nuclear-cytoplasmic separation, and in vitro kinase assay were applied to demonstrate the PINK1-PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) interaction and the effect of this interaction. The metastasis experiments for ovarian cancer xenografts were performed in female BALB/c nude mice. RESULTS PINK1 was strongly associated with a poor prognosis in ovarian cancer patients and promoted metastasis and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells. Although the canonical PINK1/PRKN (parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase) pathway showed weak effects in ovarian cancer, PINK1 was identified to interact with PTEN and phosphorylate it at Serine179. Remarkably, the phosphorylation of PTEN resulted in the inactivation of the phosphatase activity, leading to an increase in AKT (AKT serine/threonine kinase) activity. Moreover, PINK1-mediated phosphorylation of PTEN impaired the nuclear import of PTEN, thereby enhancing the cancer cells' ability to resist chemotherapy and metastasize. CONCLUSIONS PINK1 interacts with and phosphorylates PTEN at Serine179, resulting in the activation of AKT and the inhibition of PTEN nuclear import. PINK1 promotes ovarian cancer metastasis and chemotherapy resistance through the regulation of PTEN. These findings offer new potential therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zheng
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Zhong
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kelie Chen
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengchao Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Song Tang
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yuan
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhangjin Shen
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sangsang Tang
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dajing Xia
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou, China.
| | - Weiguo Lu
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China.
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21
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Ertay A, Ewing RM, Wang Y. Synthetic lethal approaches to target cancers with loss of PTEN function. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2511-2527. [PMID: 37533462 PMCID: PMC7614861 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumour suppressor gene and has a role in inhibiting the oncogenic AKT signalling pathway by dephosphorylating phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) into phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). The function of PTEN is regulated by different mechanisms and inactive PTEN results in aggressive tumour phenotype and tumorigenesis. Identifying targeted therapies for inactive tumour suppressor genes such as PTEN has been challenging as it is difficult to restore the tumour suppressor functions. Therefore, focusing on the downstream signalling pathways to discover a targeted therapy for inactive tumour suppressor genes has highlighted the importance of synthetic lethality studies. This review focuses on the potential synthetic lethality genes discovered in PTEN-inactive cancer types. These discovered genes could be potential targeted therapies for PTEN-inactive cancer types and may improve the treatment response rates for aggressive types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Ertay
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Rob M. Ewing
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Yihua Wang
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
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22
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Travis G, McGowan EM, Simpson AM, Marsh DJ, Nassif NT. PTEN, PTENP1, microRNAs, and ceRNA Networks: Precision Targeting in Cancer Therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4954. [PMID: 37894321 PMCID: PMC10605164 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a well characterised tumour suppressor, playing a critical role in the maintenance of fundamental cellular processes including cell proliferation, migration, metabolism, and survival. Subtle decreases in cellular levels of PTEN result in the development and progression of cancer, hence there is tight regulation of the expression, activity, and cellular half-life of PTEN at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. PTENP1, the processed pseudogene of PTEN, is an important transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulator of PTEN. PTENP1 expression produces sense and antisense transcripts modulating PTEN expression, in conjunction with miRNAs. Due to the high sequence similarity between PTEN and the PTENP1 sense transcript, the transcripts possess common miRNA binding sites with the potential for PTENP1 to compete for the binding, or 'sponging', of miRNAs that would otherwise target the PTEN transcript. PTENP1 therefore acts as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), competing with PTEN for the binding of specific miRNAs to alter the abundance of PTEN. Transcription from the antisense strand produces two functionally independent isoforms (PTENP1-AS-α and PTENP1-AS-β), which can regulate PTEN transcription. In this review, we provide an overview of the post-transcriptional regulation of PTEN through interaction with its pseudogene, the cellular miRNA milieu and operation of the ceRNA network. Furthermore, its importance in maintaining cellular integrity and how disruption of this PTEN-miRNA-PTENP1 axis may lead to cancer but also provide novel therapeutic opportunities, is discussed. Precision targeting of PTENP1-miRNA mediated regulation of PTEN may present as a viable alternative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glena Travis
- Cancer Biology, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (G.T.); (E.M.M.)
| | - Eileen M. McGowan
- Cancer Biology, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (G.T.); (E.M.M.)
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ann M. Simpson
- Gene Therapy and Translational Molecular Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Deborah J. Marsh
- Translational Oncology Group, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Najah T. Nassif
- Cancer Biology, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (G.T.); (E.M.M.)
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23
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Han Y, Zheng Y, You J, Han Y, Lu X, Wang X, Shi C, Zhu W. Hsa_circ_0001535 inhibits the proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer by sponging miR-593-3p, upregulating PTEN expression. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:2901-2910. [PMID: 37000289 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hsa_circ_0001535 is involved in biological processes in various tumors. However, the biological effects and related mechanism of hsa_circ_0001535 in ovarian cancer (OC) is unclear. This work is aimed to probe the biological function and underlying mechanism of hsa_circ_0001535 in OC, especially sponged with mi-RNA, require further elucidation. METHODS Hsa_circ_0001535 expression in OC tissues and cell lines were examined by qRT-PCR. Hsa_circ_0001535 overexpression model was constructed by lentivirus-mediated transfection in two OC cell lines, and the biological functions of hsa_circ_0001535 were evaluated by CCK-8, transwell assay and Western blot. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was respectively used to explore the relationship between hsa_circ_0001535 and miR-593-3p, as well as miR-593-3p and PTEN. The expression of miR-593-3p and PTEN were detected by qRT-PCR in two OC cell lines and OC tissues. RESULTS Hsa_circ_0001535 was down-regulated in OC tissues and cell lines. Hsa_circ_0001535 overexpression inhibited proliferation, migration and EMT marker expression in OC cells. Of interest, hsa_circ_0001535 targeted miR-593-3p and reduced its RNA level in OC cells. PTEN was a target gene of miR-593-3p, which was up-regulated by inhibiting miR-593-3p in OC cells. Furthermore, miR-593-3p mimic treatment reversed the up-regulation of PTEN by hsa_circ_0001535 overexpression in OC cells. CONCLUSIONS The above results showed that hsa_circ_0001535 acted as a molecular sponge for miR-593-3p to repress miR-593-3p expression, and promoted the expression of PTEN, thus inhibited proliferation and migration of OC cells. Our research provides a potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Shi
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weipei Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Sinha S, Li J, Tam B, Wang SM. Classification of PTEN missense VUS through exascale simulations. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:bbad361. [PMID: 37843401 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a tumor suppressor with dual phosphatase properties, is a key factor in PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Pathogenic germline variation in PTEN can abrogate its ability to dephosphorylate, causing high cancer risk. Lack of functional evidence lets numerous PTEN variants be classified as variants of uncertain significance (VUS). Utilizing Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations, we performed a thorough evaluation for 147 PTEN missense VUS, sorting them into 66 deleterious and 81 tolerated variants. Utilizing replica exchange molecular dynamic (REMD) simulations, we further assessed the variants situated in the catalytic core of PTEN's phosphatase domain and uncovered conformational alterations influencing the structural stability of the phosphatase domain. There was a high degree of agreement between our results and the variants classified by Variant Abundance by Massively Parallel Sequencing, saturation mutagenesis, multiplexed functional data and experimental assays. Our extensive analysis of PTEN missense VUS should benefit their clinical applications in PTEN-related cancer. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Classification of PTEN variants affecting its lipid phosphatase activity is important for understanding the roles of PTEN variation in the pathogenesis of hereditary and sporadic malignancies. Of the 3000 variants identified in PTEN, 1296 (43%) were assigned as VUS. Here, we applied MD and REMD simulations to investigate the effects of PTEN missense VUS on the structural integrity of the PTEN phosphatase domain consisting the WPD, P and TI active sites. We classified a total of 147 missense VUS into 66 deleterious and 81 tolerated variants by referring to the control group comprising 54 pathogenic and 12 benign variants. The classification was largely in concordance with these classified by experimental approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Sinha
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau S.A.R, China
| | - Jiaheng Li
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau S.A.R, China
| | - Benjamin Tam
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau S.A.R, China
| | - San Ming Wang
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau S.A.R, China
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Zhai F, Wang J, Luo X, Ye M, Jin X. Roles of NOLC1 in cancers and viral infection. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:10593-10608. [PMID: 37296317 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04934-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nucleolus is considered the center of metabolic control and an important organelle for the biogenesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Nucleolar and coiled-body phosphoprotein 1(NOLC1), which was originally identified as a nuclear localization signal-binding protein is a nucleolar protein responsible for nucleolus construction and rRNA synthesis, as well as chaperone shuttling between the nucleolus and cytoplasm. NOLC1 plays an important role in a variety of cellular life activities, including ribosome biosynthesis, DNA replication, transcription regulation, RNA processing, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and cell regeneration. PURPOSE In this review, we introduce the structure and function of NOLC1. Then we elaborate its upstream post-translational modification and downstream regulation. Meanwhile, we describe its role in cancer development and viral infection which provide a direction for future clinical applications. METHODS The relevant literatures from PubMed have been reviewed for this article. CONCLUSION NOLC1 plays an important role in the progression of multiple cancers and viral infection. In-depth study of NOLC1 provides a new perspective for accurate diagnosis of patients and selection of therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengguang Zhai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- The Affiliated First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- The Affiliated First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Xia Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Meng Ye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
- The Affiliated First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
- The Affiliated First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China.
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de Kort WWB, de Ruiter EJ, Haakma WE, Driehuis E, Devriese LA, van Es RJJ, Willems SM. p-mTOR, p-ERK and PTEN Expression in Tumor Biopsies and Organoids as Predictive Biomarkers for Patients with HPV Negative Head and Neck Cancer. Head Neck Pathol 2023; 17:697-707. [PMID: 37486536 PMCID: PMC10514008 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-023-01576-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival rates of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have only marginally improved in the last decades. Hence there is a need for predictive biomarkers for long-time survival that can help to guide treatment decisions and might lead to the development of new therapies. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is the most frequently altered pathway in HNSCC, genes are often mutated, amplificated and overexpressed causing aberrant signaling affecting cell growth and differentiation. Numerous genetic alterations of upstream and downstream factors have currently been clarified. However, their predictive value has yet to be established. Therefore we assess the predictive value of p-mTOR, p-ERK and PTEN expression. METHODS Tissue microarrays (TMA's) of HPV-negative patients with oropharyngeal (n = 48), hypopharyngeal (n = 16) or laryngeal (n = 13) SCC, treated with primary chemoradiation (cisplatin/carboplatin/cetuximab and radiotherapy), were histologically stained for p-mTOR, PTEN and p-ERK. Expression was correlated to overall survival (OS), disease free survival (DFS) and locoregional control (LRC). Also p-mTOR was histologically stained in a separate cohort of HNSCC organoids (n = 8) and correlated to mTOR-inhibitor everolimus response. RESULTS High p-mTOR expression correlated significantly with worse OS in multivariate analysis in the whole patient cohort [Hazar Ratio (HR) 1.06, 95%CI 1.01-1.11, p = 0.03] and in the cisplatin/carboplatin group with both worse OS (HR 1.09, 95%CI 1.02-1.16, p = 0.02) and DFS (HR 1.06, 95%CI 1.00-1.12, p = 0,04). p-ERK expression correlated significantly with DFS in univariate analysis in the whole patient cohort (HR 1.03, 95%CI 1.00-1.05, p = 0.04) and cisplatin/carboplatin group (HR 1.03, 95%CI 1.00-1.07, p = 0.04). PTEN-expression did not correlate with OS/DFS/LRC. Better organoid response to everolimus correlated significantly to higher p-mTOR expression (Rs = - 0.731, p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS High p-mTOR expression predicts and high p-ERK expression tends to predict worse treatment outcome in HPV negative HNSCC patients treated with chemoradiation, providing additional evidence that these markers are candidate prognostic biomarkers for survival in this patient population. Also this study shows that the use of HNSCC organoids for biomarker research has potential. The role of PTEN expression as prognostic biomarker remains unclear, as consistent evidence on its prognostic and predictive value is lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. W. B. de Kort
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E. J. de Ruiter
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - W. E. Haakma
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E. Driehuis
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - L. A. Devriese
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R. J. J. van Es
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S. M. Willems
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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27
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Chessa TAM, Jung P, Anwar A, Suire S, Anderson KE, Barneda D, Kielkowska A, Sadiq BA, Lai IW, Felisbino S, Turnham DJ, Pearson HB, Phillips WA, Sasaki J, Sasaki T, Oxley D, Spensberger D, Segonds-Pichon A, Wilson M, Walker S, Okkenhaug H, Cosulich S, Hawkins PT, Stephens LR. PLEKHS1 drives PI3Ks and remodels pathway homeostasis in PTEN-null prostate. Mol Cell 2023; 83:2991-3009.e13. [PMID: 37567175 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The PIP3/PI3K network is a central regulator of metabolism and is frequently activated in cancer, commonly by loss of the PIP3/PI(3,4)P2 phosphatase, PTEN. Despite huge research investment, the drivers of the PI3K network in normal tissues and how they adapt to overactivation are unclear. We find that in healthy mouse prostate PI3K activity is driven by RTK/IRS signaling and constrained by pathway feedback. In the absence of PTEN, the network is dramatically remodeled. A poorly understood YXXM- and PIP3/PI(3,4)P2-binding PH domain-containing adaptor, PLEKHS1, became the dominant activator and was required to sustain PIP3, AKT phosphorylation, and growth in PTEN-null prostate. This was because PLEKHS1 evaded pathway-feedback and experienced enhanced PI3K- and Src-family kinase-dependent phosphorylation of Y258XXM, eliciting PI3K activation. hPLEKHS1 mRNA and activating Y419 phosphorylation of hSrc correlated with PI3K pathway activity in human prostate cancers. We propose that in PTEN-null cells receptor-independent, Src-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of PLEKHS1 creates positive feedback that escapes homeostasis, drives PIP3 signaling, and supports tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Jung
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Arqum Anwar
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Sabine Suire
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Karen E Anderson
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - David Barneda
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Anna Kielkowska
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Barzan A Sadiq
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Ieng Wai Lai
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Sergio Felisbino
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP CEP: 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Daniel J Turnham
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Helen B Pearson
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Wayne A Phillips
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Junko Sasaki
- Department of Biochemical Pathophysiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Takehiko Sasaki
- Department of Biochemical Pathophysiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - David Oxley
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | | | | | - Michael Wilson
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Simon Walker
- Imaging Facility, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | | | | | | | - Len R Stephens
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK.
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Sirhan Z, Alojair R, Thyagarajan A, Sahu RP. Therapeutic Implications of PTEN in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2090. [PMID: 37631304 PMCID: PMC10458395 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains one of the major human malignancies affecting both men and women worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most prevalent type. Multiple mechanisms have been identified that favor tumor growth as well as impede the efficacy of therapeutic regimens in lung cancer patients. Among tumor suppressor genes that play critical roles in regulating cancer growth, the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) constitutes one of the important family members implicated in controlling various functional activities of tumor cells, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Notably, clinical studies have also documented that lung tumors having an impaired, mutated, or loss of PTEN are associated with low survival or high tumor recurrence rates. To that end, PTEN has been explored as a promising target for anti-cancer agents. Importantly, the ability of PTEN to crosstalk with several signaling pathways provides new approaches to devise effective treatment options for lung cancer treatment. The current review highlights the significance of PTEN and its implications in therapeutic approaches against NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anita Thyagarajan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA; (Z.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Ravi P. Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA; (Z.S.); (R.A.)
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29
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Chen H, Ding Q, Khazai L, Zhao L, Damodaran S, Litton JK, Rauch GM, Yam C, Chang JT, Seth S, Lim B, Thompson AM, Mittendorf EA, Adrada B, Virani K, White JB, Ravenberg E, Song X, Candelaria R, Arun B, Ueno NT, Santiago L, Saleem S, Abouharb S, Murthy RK, Ibrahim N, Routbort MJ, Sahin A, Valero V, Symmans WF, Tripathy D, Wang WL, Moulder S, Huo L. PTEN in triple-negative breast carcinoma: protein expression and genomic alteration in pretreatment and posttreatment specimens. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2023; 15:17588359231189422. [PMID: 37547448 PMCID: PMC10399250 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231189422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent advances have been made in targeting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway in breast cancer. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a key component of that pathway. Objective To understand the changes in PTEN expression over the course of the disease in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and whether PTEN copy number variation (CNV) by next-generation sequencing (NGS) can serve as an alternative to immunohistochemistry (IHC) to identify PTEN loss. Methods We compared PTEN expression by IHC between pretreatment tumors and residual tumors in the breast and lymph nodes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 96 patients enrolled in a TNBC clinical trial. A correlative analysis between PTEN protein expression and PTEN CNV by NGS was also performed. Results With a stringent cutoff for PTEN IHC scoring, PTEN expression was discordant between pretreatment and posttreatment primary tumors in 5% of patients (n = 96) and between posttreatment primary tumors and lymph node metastases in 9% (n = 33). A less stringent cutoff yielded similar discordance rates. Intratumoral heterogeneity for PTEN loss was observed in 7% of the patients. Among pretreatment tumors, PTEN copy numbers by whole exome sequencing (n = 72) were significantly higher in the PTEN-positive tumors by IHC compared with the IHC PTEN-loss tumors (p < 0.0001). However, PTEN-positive and PTEN-loss tumors by IHC overlapped in copy numbers: 14 of 60 PTEN-positive samples showed decreased copy numbers in the range of those of the PTEN-loss tumors. Conclusion Testing various specimens by IHC may generate different PTEN results in a small proportion of patients with TNBC; therefore, the decision of testing one versus multiple specimens in a clinical trial should be defined in the patient inclusion criteria. Although a distinct cutoff by which CNV differentiated PTEN-positive tumors from those with PTEN loss was not identified, higher copy number of PTEN may confer positive PTEN, whereas lower copy number of PTEN would necessitate additional testing by IHC to assess PTEN loss. Trial registration NCT02276443.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qingqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laila Khazai
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Senthil Damodaran
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer K. Litton
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gaiane M. Rauch
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Clinton Yam
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey T. Chang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sahil Seth
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bora Lim
- Department of Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alastair M. Thompson
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Section of Breast Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Mittendorf
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Beatriz Adrada
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kiran Virani
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jason B. White
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ravenberg
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xingzhi Song
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rosalind Candelaria
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Banu Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Naoto T. Ueno
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lumarie Santiago
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sadia Saleem
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sausan Abouharb
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rashmi K. Murthy
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nuhad Ibrahim
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Aysegul Sahin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vicente Valero
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - William Fraser Symmans
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Debu Tripathy
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wei-Lien Wang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stacy Moulder
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lei Huo
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Sahu U, Mullarkey MP, Pei G, Zhao Z, Hong B, Kaur B. oHSV-P10 reduces glioma stem cell enrichment after oncolytic HSV therapy. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 29:30-41. [PMID: 37114074 PMCID: PMC10126842 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Longstanding evidence implicate glioma stem-like cells as the main drivers contributing toward glioblastoma (GBM) therapy resistance and tumor recurrence. Although oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) viral therapy is a promising biological therapy recently approved for melanoma (in the United States and Europe) and GBM (in Japan); however, the impact of this therapy on GBM stem-like cells (GSCs) is understudied. Here we show that post-oHSV virotherapy activated AKT signaling results in an enrichment of GSC signatures in glioma, which mimics the enrichment in GSC observed after radiation treatment. We also uncovered that a second-generation oncolytic virus armed with PTEN-L (oHSV-P10) decreases this by moderating IL6/JAK/STAT3 signaling. This ability was retained in the presence of radiation treatment and oHSV-P10-sensitized intracranial GBM to radiotherapy. Collectively, our findings uncover potential mechanisms to overcome GSC-mediated radiation resistance via oHSV-P10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Sahu
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Matthew P. Mullarkey
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Guangsheng Pei
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bangxing Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Balveen Kaur
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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31
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Li X, Miao C, Wang L, Liu M, Chang H, Tian B, Wang D. Estrogen promotes Epithelial ovarian cancer cells proliferation via down-regulating expression and activating phosphorylation of PTEN. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023:109662. [PMID: 37276925 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most common of cancer death among malignant tumors in women, its occurrence and development are strongly linked to estrogen. Having identified the phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) is a potent tumor suppressor regulating cell proliferation, migration, and survival. Meanwhile, there is a correlation between PTEN protein expression and estrogen receptor expression in EOC. However, no study has amplified on the molecular regulatory mechanism and function between estrogen and PTEN in the development of EOC. In this research, we found that PTEN shows a low expression level in EOC tissues and estrogen decreased PTEN expression via the estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) in EOC cells. Knockdown of PTEN enhanced the proliferation and migration level of EOC cells driven by estrogen. Moreover, PTEN was also phosphorylated by G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30)-Protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathway upon estrogen stimulation. Inhibiting the phosphorylation of PTEN weakened the proliferation and migration of estrogen induced-EOC cells estrogen and decreased the phosphorylation of Protein kinase B (AKT) and Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). These results indicated that estrogen decreased PTEN expression level via the ESR1 genomic pathway and phosphorylated PTEN via the GPR30-PKC non-genomic pathway to activate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby determining the fate of EOC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwen Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, PR China
| | - Chunlei Miao
- Plastic Surgery Institute, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100102, PR China
| | - Mengyan Liu
- Taoyuan People's Hospital, Changde, Hunan, 425700, PR China
| | - Huanchao Chang
- Plastic Surgery Institute, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, PR China
| | - Bo Tian
- Plastic Surgery Institute, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, PR China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, PR China; Plastic Surgery Institute, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, PR China.
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Safaroghli-Azar A, Sanaei MJ, Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Bashash D. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) classes: From cell signaling to endocytic recycling and autophagy. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175827. [PMID: 37269974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lipid signaling is defined as any biological signaling action in which a lipid messenger binds to a protein target, converting its effects to specific cellular responses. In this complex biological pathway, the family of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) represents a pivotal role and affects many aspects of cellular biology from cell survival, proliferation, and migration to endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, metabolism, and autophagy. While yeasts have a single isoform of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mammals possess eight PI3K types divided into three classes. The class I PI3Ks have set the stage to widen research interest in the field of cancer biology. The aberrant activation of class I PI3Ks has been identified in 30-50% of human tumors, and activating mutations in PIK3CA is one of the most frequent oncogenes in human cancer. In addition to indirect participation in cell signaling, class II and III PI3Ks primarily regulate vesicle trafficking. Class III PI3Ks are also responsible for autophagosome formation and autophagy flux. The current review aims to discuss the original data obtained from international research laboratories on the latest discoveries regarding PI3Ks-mediated cell biological processes. Also, we unravel the mechanisms by which pools of the same phosphoinositides (PIs) derived from different PI3K types act differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Safaroghli-Azar
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Javad Sanaei
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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33
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Goel S, Batra A, Singhal G, Goel S. To Study the Role of PTEN, EGFR and HER2 in Early Glottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 75:707-712. [PMID: 37275058 PMCID: PMC10234964 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-022-03455-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal carcinoma is the most common site of malignancy in head and neck region worldwide. Surgical options are limited in cases of laryngeal malignancy and moajority of cases are treated with chemoradiotherapy. Targeted therapy is an evolving novel approach to treat laryngeal carcinoma. The study was conducted to evaluate the role of PTEN, EGF and HER2 in early glottic squamous cell carcinoma cases. 52 samples of early glottis carcoinoma were collected in UCMS and GTB hospital, New Delhi after patients had undergone CO2 laser excision at the centre. Histopathologic and IHC examination was conducted on the specimen for PTEN, EGFR and HER2 molecules. PTEN was negative in 82.69% cases compared to the stroma with three year local control rate of 72.09%. EGFR was positive in 67.31% samples with three year local control rate of 68.57%. HER2 was negative in all the samples. PTEN and EGFR can be used as prognostic markers as well as novel agents for targeted therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Goel
- Department of ENT, ABVIMS & Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankur Batra
- Department of ENT, Royal Hmapshire County Hospital, Winchester, UK
| | - Gaurang Singhal
- Department of pathology, Action Care hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Snigdha Goel
- Department of ENT, ABVIMS and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia hospital, New Delhi, India
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Cahuzac KM, Lubin A, Bosch K, Stokes N, Shoenfeld SM, Zhou R, Lemon H, Asara J, Parsons RE. AKT activation because of PTEN loss upregulates xCT via GSK3β/NRF2, leading to inhibition of ferroptosis in PTEN-mutant tumor cells. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112536. [PMID: 37210723 PMCID: PMC10558134 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we show that the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome 10 (PTEN) sensitizes cells to ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, by restraining the expression and activity of the cystine/glutamate antiporter system Xc- (xCT). Loss of PTEN activates AKT kinase to inhibit GSK3β, increasing NF-E2 p45-related factor 2 (NRF2) along with transcription of one of its known target genes encoding xCT. Elevated xCT in Pten-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts increases the flux of cystine transport and synthesis of glutathione, which enhances the steady-state levels of these metabolites. A pan-cancer analysis finds that loss of PTEN shows evidence of increased xCT, and PTEN-mutant cells are resistant to ferroptosis as a consequence of elevated xCT. These findings suggest that selection of PTEN mutation during tumor development may be due to its ability to confer resistance to ferroptosis in the setting of metabolic and oxidative stress that occurs during tumor initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn M Cahuzac
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Abigail Lubin
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Bosch
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nicole Stokes
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - Royce Zhou
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Haddy Lemon
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - John Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ramon E Parsons
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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35
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Orozco-García E, van Meurs DJ, Calderón JC, Narvaez-Sanchez R, Harmsen MC. Endothelial plasticity across PTEN and Hippo pathways: A complex hormetic rheostat modulated by extracellular vesicles. Transl Oncol 2023; 31:101633. [PMID: 36905871 PMCID: PMC10020115 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascularization is a multifactorial and spatiotemporally regulated process, essential for cell and tissue survival. Vascular alterations have repercussions on the development and progression of diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, which are the leading causes of death worldwide. Additionally, vascularization continues to be a challenge for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Hence, vascularization is the center of interest for physiology, pathophysiology, and therapeutic processes. Within vascularization, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and Hippo signaling have pivotal roles in the development and homeostasis of the vascular system. Their suppression is related to several pathologies, including developmental defects and cancer. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are among the regulators of PTEN and/or Hippo pathways during development and disease. The purpose of this paper is to review and discuss the mechanisms by which exosome-derived ncRNAs modulate endothelial cell plasticity during physiological and pathological angiogenesis, through the regulation of PTEN and Hippo pathways, aiming to establish new perspectives on cellular communication during tumoral and regenerative vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Orozco-García
- Physiology and biochemistry research group - PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Colombia; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - D J van Meurs
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - J C Calderón
- Physiology and biochemistry research group - PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Raul Narvaez-Sanchez
- Physiology and biochemistry research group - PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Colombia
| | - M C Harmsen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands.
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Ma S, Cho S, Sahasranaman S, Zhao W, Pang J, Ding X, Dean B, Wang B, Hsu JY, Ware J, Salphati L. Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion of Taselisib (GDC-0032), a Potent β-Sparing PI3K Inhibitor in Rats, Dogs, and Humans. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:436-450. [PMID: 36623882 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.001096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Taselisib (also known as GDC-0032) is a potent and selective phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor that displays greater selectivity for mutant PI3Kα than wild-type PI3Kα To better understand the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion properties of taselisib, mass balance studies were conducted following single oral doses of [14C]taselisib in rats, dogs, and humans. Absolute bioavailability (ABA) of taselisib in humans was determined by oral administration of taselisib at the therapeutic dose followed by intravenous dosing of [14C]taselisib as a microtracer. The ABA in humans was 57.4%. Absorption of taselisib was rapid in rats and dogs and moderately slow in humans. The recovery of radioactivity in excreta was high (>96%) in the three species where feces was the major route of excretion. Taselisib was the major circulating component in the three species with no metabolite accounting for >10% of the total drug-derived material. The fraction absorbed of taselisib was 35.9% in rats and 71.4% in dogs. In rats, absorbed drug underwent moderate to extensive metabolism and biliary excretion of taselisib was minor. In dog, biliary excretion and metabolism were major clearance pathways. In humans, 84.2% of the dose was recovered as the parent drug in excreta indicating that metabolism played a minor role in the drug's clearance. Major metabolism pathways were oxidation and amide hydrolysis in the three species while methylation was another prominent metabolism pathway in dogs. The site of methylation was identified on the triazole moiety. In vitro experiments characterized that the N-methylation was dog-specific and likely mediated by a thiol methyltransferase. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study provides a comprehensive description of the absorption, distribution, and metabolism and pharmacokinetic properties of taselisib in preclinical species and humans. This study demonstrated the importance of oral bioavailability results for understanding taselisib's clearance pathways. The study also describes the identification and characterization of a unique dog-specific N-methylation metabolite of taselisib and the enzyme mediating N-methylation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Ma
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (S.M., S.C., W.Z., J.P., X.D., B.D., L.S.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacology (S.S., J.Y.H., J.W.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and XenoBiotic Laboratories (B.W.), Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey
| | - Sungjoon Cho
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (S.M., S.C., W.Z., J.P., X.D., B.D., L.S.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacology (S.S., J.Y.H., J.W.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and XenoBiotic Laboratories (B.W.), Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey
| | - Srikumar Sahasranaman
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (S.M., S.C., W.Z., J.P., X.D., B.D., L.S.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacology (S.S., J.Y.H., J.W.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and XenoBiotic Laboratories (B.W.), Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey
| | - Weiping Zhao
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (S.M., S.C., W.Z., J.P., X.D., B.D., L.S.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacology (S.S., J.Y.H., J.W.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and XenoBiotic Laboratories (B.W.), Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey
| | - Jodie Pang
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (S.M., S.C., W.Z., J.P., X.D., B.D., L.S.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacology (S.S., J.Y.H., J.W.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and XenoBiotic Laboratories (B.W.), Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey
| | - Xiao Ding
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (S.M., S.C., W.Z., J.P., X.D., B.D., L.S.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacology (S.S., J.Y.H., J.W.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and XenoBiotic Laboratories (B.W.), Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey
| | - Brian Dean
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (S.M., S.C., W.Z., J.P., X.D., B.D., L.S.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacology (S.S., J.Y.H., J.W.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and XenoBiotic Laboratories (B.W.), Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (S.M., S.C., W.Z., J.P., X.D., B.D., L.S.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacology (S.S., J.Y.H., J.W.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and XenoBiotic Laboratories (B.W.), Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey
| | - Jerry Y Hsu
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (S.M., S.C., W.Z., J.P., X.D., B.D., L.S.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacology (S.S., J.Y.H., J.W.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and XenoBiotic Laboratories (B.W.), Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey
| | - Joseph Ware
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (S.M., S.C., W.Z., J.P., X.D., B.D., L.S.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacology (S.S., J.Y.H., J.W.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and XenoBiotic Laboratories (B.W.), Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey
| | - Laurent Salphati
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (S.M., S.C., W.Z., J.P., X.D., B.D., L.S.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacology (S.S., J.Y.H., J.W.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and XenoBiotic Laboratories (B.W.), Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey
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37
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Iwase R, Dempsey DR, Whedon SD, Jiang H, Palanski BA, Deng B, Cole PA. Semisynthetic Approach to the Analysis of Tumor Suppressor PTEN Ubiquitination. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6039-6044. [PMID: 36897111 PMCID: PMC10071500 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) tumor suppressor protein is a PIP3 lipid phosphatase that is subject to multifaceted post-translational modifications. One such modification is the monoubiquitination of Lys13 that may alter its cellular localization but is also positioned in a manner that could influence several of its cellular functions. To explore the regulatory influence of ubiquitin on PTEN's biochemical properties and its interaction with ubiquitin ligases and a deubiquitinase, the generation of a site-specifically and stoichiometrically ubiquitinated protein could be beneficial. Here, we describe a semisynthetic method that relies upon sequential expressed protein ligation steps to install ubiquitin at a Lys13 mimic in near full-length PTEN. This approach permits the concurrent installation of C-terminal modifications in PTEN, thereby facilitating an analysis of the interplay between N-terminal ubiquitination and C-terminal phosphorylation. We find that the N-terminal ubiquitination of PTEN inhibits its enzymatic function, reduces its binding to lipid vesicles, modulates its processing by NEDD4-1 E3 ligase, and is efficiently cleaved by the deubiquitinase, USP7. Our ligation approach should motivate related efforts for uncovering the effects of ubiquitination of complex proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reina Iwase
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Daniel R. Dempsey
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Dermatology and Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Samuel D. Whedon
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hanjie Jiang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Brad A. Palanski
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Bedphiny Deng
- Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- College of Natural Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Philip A. Cole
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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Ghosh G, Misra S, Ray R, Chowdhury SG, Karmakar P. Phospho PTEN mediated dephosphorylation of mitotic kinase PLK1 and Aurora Kinase A prevents aneuploidy and preserves genomic stability. Med Oncol 2023; 40:119. [PMID: 36930246 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-01985-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
PTEN, dual phosphatase tumor suppressor protein, is found to be frequently mutated in various cancers. Post-translational modification of PTEN is important for its sub-cellular localization and catalytic functions. But how these modifications affect cytological damage and aneuploidy is not studied in detail. We focus on the role of phosphatase activity along with C-terminal phosphorylation of PTEN in perspective of cytological damage like micronucleus, nuclear bud, and nuclear bridge formation. Our data suggest that wild-type PTEN, but not phospho-mutant PTEN significantly reduces cytological damage in PTEN null PC3 cells. In case of phosphatase-dead PTEN, cytological damage markers are increased during 24 h recovery after DNA damage. When we use phosphorylation and phosphatase-dead dual mutant PTEN, the extent of different cytological DNA damage parameters are similar to phosphatase-dead PTEN. We also find that both of those activities are essential for maintaining chromosome numbers. PTEN null cells exhibit significantly aberrant γ-tubulin pole formation during metaphase. Interestingly, we observed that p-PTEN localized to spindle poles along with PLK1 and Aurora Kinase A. Further depletion of phosphorylation and phosphatase activity of PTEN increases the expression of p-Aurora Kinase A (T288) and p-PLK1 (T210), compared to cells expressing wild-type PTEN. Again, wild-type PTEN but not phosphorylation-dead mutant is able to physically interact with PLK1 and Aurora Kinase A. Thus, our study suggests that the phosphorylation-dependent interaction of PTEN with PLK1 and Aurora Kinase A causes dephosphorylation of those mitotic kinases and by lowering their hyperphosphorylation status, PTEN prevents aberrant chromosome segregation in metaphase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginia Ghosh
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandip Misra
- Department of Microbiology, Bidhannagar College, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rachayeeta Ray
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sougata Ghosh Chowdhury
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Parimal Karmakar
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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Yang S, Wang B, Liao J, Hong Z, Zhong X, Chen S, Wu Z, Zhang X, Zuo Q. Molecular mechanism of XB130 adaptor protein mediates trastuzumab resistance in gastric cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:685-695. [PMID: 36284062 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02974-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is an essential molecular mechanism participating in trastuzumab resistance in HER2 + GC (gastric cancer). However, how can we effectively inhibit AKT activity associated with drug resistance during trastuzumab treatment? Screening inhibitors against the upstream receptors of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway or interacting proteins of members has become an important way. METHODS In this study, western blot, qRT-PCR, CCK8, Co-IP and other techniques were used to explore possible mechanisms participating in trastuzumab resistance in vitro. Besides, the xenograft mouse model and GC tissue samples from patients were used to further validate the in-vitro results. RESULTS The expression of XB130 adaptor protein was remarkably increased in GC cell lines resistant to trastuzumab, and knockdown of XB130 could reverse the resistance via downregulating p-AKT. In addition, p-SRC (Tyr416) was increased in resistant cells, which could facilitate the binding of XB130 to PI3K p85α. It was also discovered that XB130 could negatively regulate PTEN gene transcription, and thus a positive feedback loop was formed between SRC-XB130-PTEN. CONCLUSIONS In HER2 + GC, XB130 contributes to trastuzumab resistance by stimulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway through binding to PI3K p85α under the mediation of SRC kinase and regulating PTEN gene transcription, and in turn forming a positive feedback loop between SRC-XB130-PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Yang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Binbin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiaqi Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ziyang Hong
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xuxian Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Suling Chen
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ziqing Wu
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xingyu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiang Zuo
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
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Preclinical models of prostate cancer - modelling androgen dependency and castration resistance in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. Nat Rev Urol 2023:10.1038/s41585-023-00726-1. [PMID: 36788359 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00726-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is well known to be dependent on the androgen receptor (AR) for growth and survival. Thus, AR is the main pharmacological target to treat this disease. However, after an initially positive response to AR-targeting therapies, prostate cancer will eventually evolve to castration-resistant prostate cancer, which is often lethal. Tumour growth was initially thought to become androgen-independent following treatments; however, results from molecular studies have shown that most resistance mechanisms involve the reactivation of AR. Consequently, tumour cells become resistant to castration - the blockade of testicular androgens - and not independent of AR per se. However, confusion still remains on how to properly define preclinical models of prostate cancer, including cell lines. Most cell lines were isolated from patients for cell culture after evolution of the tumour to castration-resistant prostate cancer, but not all of these cell lines are described as castration resistant. Moreover, castration refers to the blockade of testosterone production by the testes; thus, even the concept of "castration" in vitro is questionable. To ensure maximal transfer of knowledge from scientific research to the clinic, understanding the limitations and advantages of preclinical models, as well as how these models recapitulate cancer cell androgen dependency and can be used to study castration resistance mechanisms, is essential.
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de Sousa Coelho MDPS, Pereira IC, de Oliveira KGF, Oliveira IKF, Dos Santos Rizzo M, de Oliveira VA, Carneiro da Silva FC, Torres-Leal FL, de Castro E Sousa JM. Chemopreventive and anti-tumor potential of vitamin E in preclinical breast cancer studies: A systematic review. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 53:60-73. [PMID: 36657931 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin E has been investigated for its antitumor potential, including the ability to change cancer gene pathways as well as promote antioxidant and pro-oxidant activity. OBJECTIVE Therefore, this systematic review aimed to evaluate antitumor and chemopreventive activity of different vitamin E isoforms (tocopherols and tocotrienols) through in vitro and in vivo studies. METHOD The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (No. CRD4202126207) and the search was carried out in four electronic databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science) in June 2021 by three independent reviewers. The search equation used was: "Supplementation" AND ("Vitamin E" OR Tocopherol OR Tocotrienol) AND "breast cancer" AND (chemotherapy OR therapy OR prevention). In vitro studies and animal models of breast cancer supplemented with tocopherol or tocotrienol vitamers, alone or in combination, were included. RESULTS The results revealed 8546 relevant studies that were initially identified in our search. After analysis, a total of 12 studies were eligible for this systematic review. All studies included animal models, and 5 of them also performed in vitro experiments on cancer cell lines. The studies performed supplementation with tocopherols, mixtures (tocopherols and tocotrienols) and synthetic vitamin E forms. There was an significant association of estradiol, dendritic cells and pterostilbene in combined therapy with vitamin E. Vitamin E delayed tumor development, reduced tumor size, proliferation, viability, expression of anti-apoptotic and cell proliferation genes, and upregulated pro-apoptotic genes, tumor suppressor genes and increased immune response. The effects on oxidative stress markers and antioxidant activity were conflicting among studies. Only one study with synthetic vitamin E reported cardiotoxicity, but it did not show vitamin E genotoxicity. CONCLUSION In conclusion, vitamin E isoforms, isolated or associated, showed antitumor and chemopreventive activity. However, due to studies heterogeneity, there is a need for further analysis to establish dose, form, supplementation time and breast cancer stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria do Perpetuo Socorro de Sousa Coelho
- Laboratory of Genetical Toxicology (LAPGENIC), Center for Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences - Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Irislene Costa Pereira
- Metabolic Diseases, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group (DOMEN), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Kynnara Gabriella Feitosa de Oliveira
- Metabolic Diseases, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group (DOMEN), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Iara Katryne Fonseca Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition - PPGAN, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Márcia Dos Santos Rizzo
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Victor Alves de Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition - PPGAN, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal
- Metabolic Diseases, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group (DOMEN), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa
- Laboratory of Genetical Toxicology (LAPGENIC), Center for Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences - Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.
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PTEN phosphatase inhibits metastasis by negatively regulating the Entpd5/IGF1R pathway through ATF6. iScience 2023; 26:106070. [PMID: 36824269 PMCID: PMC9942123 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PTEN encodes a tumor suppressor with lipid and protein phosphatase activities whose dysfunction has been implicated in melanomagenesis; less is known about how its phosphatases regulate melanoma metastasis. We demonstrate that PTEN expression negatively correlates with metastatic progression in human melanoma samples and a PTEN-deficient mouse melanoma model. Wildtype PTEN expression inhibited melanoma cell invasiveness and metastasis in a dose-dependent manner, behaviors that specifically required PTEN protein phosphatase activity. PTEN phosphatase activity regulated metastasis through Entpd5. Entpd5 knockdown reduced metastasis and IGF1R levels while promoting ER stress. In contrast, Entpd5 overexpression promoted metastasis and enhanced IGF1R levels while reducing ER stress. Moreover, Entpd5 expression was regulated by the ER stress sensor ATF6. Altogether, our data indicate that PTEN phosphatase activity inhibits metastasis by negatively regulating the Entpd5/IGF1R pathway through ATF6, thereby identifying novel candidate therapeutic targets for the treatment of PTEN mutant melanoma.
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Cummings S, Alfonso A, Hughes E, Kucera M, Mabey B, Singh N, Eng C. Cancer Risk Associated With PTEN Pathogenic Variants Identified Using Multigene Hereditary Cancer Panel Testing. JCO Precis Oncol 2023; 7:e2200415. [PMID: 36634299 PMCID: PMC9928870 DOI: 10.1200/po.22.00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE PTEN-associated clinical syndromes such as Cowden syndrome (CS) increase cancer risk and have historically been diagnosed based upon phenotypic criteria. Because not all patients clinically diagnosed with CS have PTEN pathogenic variants (PVs), and not all patients with PTEN PVs have been clinically diagnosed with CS, the cancer risk conferred by PTEN PVs calculated from cohorts of patients with clinical diagnoses of CS/CS-like phenotypes may be inaccurate. METHODS We assessed a consecutive cohort of 727,091 individuals tested clinically for hereditary cancer risk, with a multigene panel between September 2013 and February 2022. Multivariable logistic regression models accounting for personal and family cancer history, age, sex, and ancestry were used to quantify disease risks associated with PTEN PVs. RESULTS PTEN PVs were detected in 0.027% (193/727,091) of the study population, and were associated with a high risk of female breast cancer (odds ratio [OR], 7.88; 95% CI, 5.57 to 11.16; P = 2.3 × 10-31), endometrial cancer (OR, 13.51; 95% CI, 8.77 to 20.83; P = 4.2 × 10-32), thyroid cancer (OR, 4.88; 95% CI, 2.64 to 9.01; P = 4.0 × 10-7), and colon polyposis (OR, 31.60; CI, 15.60 to 64.02; P = 9.0 × 10-22). We observed modest evidence suggesting that PTEN PVs may be associated with ovarian cancer risk (OR, 3.77; 95% CI, 1.71 to 8.32; P = 9.9 × 10-4). Among patients with similar personal/family history and ancestry, every 5-year increase in age of diagnosis decreased the likelihood of detecting a PTEN PV by roughly 60%. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that PTEN PVs are associated with significantly increased risk for a range of cancers. Together with the observation that PTEN PV carriers had earlier disease onset relative to otherwise comparable noncarriers, our results may guide screening protocols, inform risk-management strategies, and warrant enhanced surveillance approaches that improve clinical outcomes for PTEN PV carriers, regardless of their clinical presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Cummings
- Myriad Genetics Inc, Salt Lake City, UT,Shelly Cummings, MS, 320 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108; e-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Charis Eng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH,Center for Personalized Genetic Healthcare, Cleveland Clinic Community Care, Cleveland, OH,Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, and CASE Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
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Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles in Combination with 5-FU Exert Antitumor Effects Superior to Those of the Active Drug in a Colon Cancer Cell Model. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010245. [PMID: 36678874 PMCID: PMC9865889 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Colon cancer is one of the most common cancer types, and treatment options, unfortunately, do not continually improve the survival rate of patients. With the unprecedented development of nanotechnologies, nanomedicine has become a significant direction in cancer research. Indeed, chemotherapeutics with nanoparticles (NPs) in cancer treatment is an outstanding new treatment principle. (2) Methods: Fe3O4 NPs were synthesized and characterized. Caco-2 colon cancer cells were treated during two different periods (24 and 72 h) with Fe3O4 NPs (6 μg/mL), various concentrations of 5-FU (4−16 μg/mL), and Fe3O4 NPs in combination with 5-FU (4−16 μg/mL) (Fe3O4 NPs + 5-FU). (3) Results: The MTT assay showed that treating the cells with Fe3O4 NPs + 5-FU at 16 µg/mL for 24 or 72 h decreased cell viability and increased their LDH release (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Furthermore, at the same treatment concentrations, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was decreased (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively), and total oxidant status (TOS) increased (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Moreover, after treatment with Fe3O4-NPs + 5-FU, the IL-10 gene was downregulated and PTEN gene expression was upregulated (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) compared with those of the control. (4) Conclusions: Fe3O4 NPs exert a synergistic cytotoxic effect with 5-FU on Caco-2 cells at concentrations below the active drug threshold levels.
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Nguyen Huu T, Park J, Zhang Y, Duong Thanh H, Park I, Choi JM, Yoon HJ, Park SC, Woo HA, Lee SR. The Role of Oxidative Inactivation of Phosphatase PTEN and TCPTP in Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010120. [PMID: 36670982 PMCID: PMC9854873 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. Despite the different etiologies, their spectra and histological feature are similar, from simple steatosis to more advanced stages such as steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Studies including peroxiredoxin knockout models revealed that oxidative stress is crucial in these diseases, which present as consequences of redox imbalance. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are a superfamily of enzymes that are major targets of reactive oxygen species (ROS) because of an oxidation-susceptible nucleophilic cysteine in their active site. Herein, we review the oxidative inactivation of two tumor suppressor PTPs, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TCPTP), and their contribution to the pathogenicity of ALD and NAFLD, respectively. This review might provide a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of these diseases and help develop new therapeutic strategies to treat fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thang Nguyen Huu
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58 128, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hien Duong Thanh
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58 128, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Iha Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Myung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Park
- The Future Life and Society Research Center, Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ae Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Rock Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-61-379-2775; Fax: +82-61-379-2782
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Li J, Xiao Y, Yu H, Jin X, Fan S, Liu W. Mutual connected IL-6, EGFR and LIN28/Let7-related mechanisms modulate PD-L1 and IGF upregulation in HNSCC using immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1140133. [PMID: 37124491 PMCID: PMC10130400 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1140133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of techniques and immunotherapies are widely applied in cancer treatment such as checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapy, and cancer vaccines apart from radiation therapy, surgery, and chemotherapy give enduring anti-tumor effects. Minority people utilize single-agent immunotherapy, and most people adopt multiple-agent immunotherapy. The difficulties are resolved by including the biomarkers to choose the non-responders' and responders' potentials. The possibility of the potential complications and side effects are examined to improve cancer therapy effects. The Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is analyzed with the help of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and Insulin-like growth factor (IGF). But how IGF and PD-L1 upregulation depends on IL-6, EGFR, and LIN28/Let7-related mechanisms are poorly understood. Briefly, IL-6 stimulates gene expressions of IGF-1/2, and IL-6 cross-activates IGF-1R signaling, NF-κB, and STAT3. NF-κB, up-regulating PD-L1 expressions. IL-6/JAK1 primes PD-L1 for STT3-mediated PD-L1 glycosylation, stabilizes PD-L1 and trafficks it to the cell surface. Moreover, ΔNp63 is predominantly overexpressed over TAp63 in HNSCC, elevates circulating IGF-1 levels by repressing IGFBP3, and activates insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1).TP63 and SOX2 form a complex with CCAT1 to promote EGFR expression. EGFR activation through EGF binding extends STAT3 activation, and EGFR and its downstream signaling prolong PD-L1 mRNA half-life. PLC-γ1 binding to a cytoplasmic motif of elevated PD-L1 improves EGF-induced activation of inositol 1,4,5-tri-phosphate (IP3), and diacylglycerol (DAG) subsequently elevates RAC1-GTP. RAC1-GTP was convincingly demonstrated to induce the autocrine production and action of IL-6/IL-6R, forming a feedback loop for IGF and PD-L1 upregulation. Furthermore, the LIN28-Let7 axis mediates the NF-κB-IL-6-STAT3 amplification loop, activated LIN28-Let7 axis up-regulates RAS, AKT, IL-6, IGF-1/2, IGF-1R, Myc, and PD-L1, plays pivotal roles in IGF-1R activation and Myc, NF-κB, STAT3 concomitant activation. Therefore, based on a detailed mechanisms review, our article firstly reveals that IL-6, EGFR, and LIN28/Let7-related mechanisms mediate PD-L1 and IGF upregulation in HNSCC, which comprehensively influences immunity, inflammation, metabolism, and metastasis in the tumor microenvironment, and might be fundamental for overcoming therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Li
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yazhou Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huayue Yu
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xia Jin
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Liu,
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Basu D, Pal R, Sarkar M, Barma S, Halder S, Roy H, Nandi S, Samadder A. To Investigate Growth Factor Receptor Targets and Generate Cancer Targeting Inhibitors. Curr Top Med Chem 2023; 23:2877-2972. [PMID: 38164722 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266261150231110053650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) regulates multiple pathways, including Mitogenactivated protein kinases (MAPKs), PI3/AKT, JAK/STAT pathway, etc. which has a significant role in the progression and metastasis of tumor. As RTK activation regulates numerous essential bodily processes, including cell proliferation and division, RTK dysregulation has been identified in many types of cancers. Targeting RTK is a significant challenge in cancer due to the abnormal upregulation and downregulation of RTK receptors subfamily EGFR, FGFR, PDGFR, VEGFR, and HGFR in the progression of cancer, which is governed by multiple RTK receptor signalling pathways and impacts treatment response and disease progression. In this review, an extensive focus has been carried out on the normal and abnormal signalling pathways of EGFR, FGFR, PDGFR, VEGFR, and HGFR and their association with cancer initiation and progression. These are explored as potential therapeutic cancer targets and therefore, the inhibitors were evaluated alone and merged with additional therapies in clinical trials aimed at combating global cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debroop Basu
- Cell and Developmental Biology Special, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, India
| | - Riya Pal
- Cell and Developmental Biology Special, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, IndiaIndia
| | - Maitrayee Sarkar
- Cell and Developmental Biology Special, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, India
| | - Soubhik Barma
- Cell and Developmental Biology Special, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, India
| | - Sumit Halder
- Cell and Developmental Biology Special, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, India
| | - Harekrishna Roy
- Nirmala College of Pharmacy, Vijayawada, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sisir Nandi
- Global Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (Affiliated to Uttarakhand Technical University), Kashipur, 244713, India
| | - Asmita Samadder
- Cell and Developmental Biology Special, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, India
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Lab., Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, India
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Wang Z, Xie W, Guan H. The diagnostic, prognostic role and molecular mechanism of miR-328 in human cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114031. [PMID: 36413837 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA are non-coding small RNAs that bind to their target mRNA and cause mRNA degradation or translation inhibition. MiRNA dysregulation is linked to a variety of human cancers and has a role in the genesis and development of cancer pathology. MiR-328 has been reported to be involved in various human cancers. And miR-328 is considered a key regulator in human cancer. It participates in biological processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and EMT. The present review will combine the basic and clinical studies to find that miR-328 promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis in human cancer. And we will describe the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic value of miR-328 in various human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Wenjie Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Hongzai Guan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Heldin A, Cancer M, Palomar-Siles M, Öhlin S, Zhang M, Sun-Zhang A, Mariani A, Liu J, Bykov VJN, Wiman KG. Novel compounds that synergize with aminoglycoside G418 or eRF3 degraders for translational readthrough of nonsense mutant TP53 and PTEN. RNA Biol 2023; 20:368-383. [PMID: 37339263 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2023.2222250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The TP53 and PTEN tumour suppressor genes are inactivated by nonsense mutations in a significant fraction of human tumours. TP53 nonsense mutatant tumours account for approximately one million new cancer cases per year worldwide. We have screened chemical libraries with the aim of identifying compounds that induce translational readthrough and expression of full-length p53 protein in cells with nonsense mutation in this gene. Here we describe two novel compounds with readthrough activity, either alone or in combination with other known readthrough-promoting substances. Both compounds induced levels of full-length p53 in cells carrying R213X nonsense mutant TP53. Compound C47 showed synergy with the aminoglycoside antibiotic and known readthrough inducer G418, whereas compound C61 synergized with eukaryotic release factor 3 (eRF3) degraders CC-885 and CC-90009. C47 alone showed potent induction of full-length PTEN protein in cells with different PTEN nonsense mutations. These results may facilitate further development of novel targeted cancer therapy by pharmacological induction of translational readthrough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Heldin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matko Cancer
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mireia Palomar-Siles
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Öhlin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Meiqiongzi Zhang
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Sun-Zhang
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Mariani
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Vladimir J N Bykov
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Klas G Wiman
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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50
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Primary Cilia Restrain PI3K-AKT Signaling to Orchestrate Human Decidualization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415573. [PMID: 36555215 PMCID: PMC9779442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial decidualization plays a pivotal role during early pregnancy. Compromised decidualization has been tightly associated with recurrent implantation failure (RIF). Primary cilium is an antenna-like sensory organelle and acts as a signaling nexus to mediate Hh, Wnt, TGFβ, BMP, FGF, and Notch signaling. However, whether primary cilium is involved in human decidualization is still unknown. In this study, we found that primary cilia are present in human endometrial stromal cells. The ciliogenesis and cilia length are increased by progesterone during in vitro and in vivo decidualization. Primary cilia are abnormal in the endometrium of RIF patients. Based on data from both assembly and disassembly of primary cilia, it has been determined that primary cilium is essential to human decidualization. Trichoplein (TCHP)-Aurora A signaling mediates cilia disassembly during human in vitro decidualization. Mechanistically, primary cilium modulates human decidualization through PTEN-PI3K-AKT-FOXO1 signaling. Our study highlights primary cilium as a novel decidualization-related signaling pathway.
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