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Rulff H, Schmidt RF, Wei LF, Fentker K, Kerkhoff Y, Mertins P, Mall MA, Lauster D, Gradzielski M. Comprehensive Characterization of the Viscoelastic Properties of Bovine Submaxillary Mucin (BSM) Hydrogels and the Effect of Additives. Biomacromolecules 2024. [PMID: 38832927 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive characterization of the viscoelastic and structural properties of bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM), which is widely used as a commercial source to conduct mucus-related research. We conducted concentration studies of BSM and examined the effects of various additives, NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, lysozyme, and DNA, on its rheological behavior. A notable connection between BSM concentration and viscoelastic properties was observed, particularly under varying ionic conditions. The rheological spectra could be well described by a fractional Kelvin-Voigt model with a minimum of model parameters. A detailed proteomics analysis provided insight into the protein, especially mucin composition within BSM, showing MUC19 as the main component. Cryo-scanning electron microscopy enabled the visualization of the porous BSM network structure. These investigations give us a more profound comprehension of the BSM properties, especially those pertaining to viscoelasticity, and how they are influenced by concentration and environmental conditions, aspects relevant to the field of mucus research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Rulff
- Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert F Schmidt
- Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ling-Fang Wei
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Fentker
- Proteomics Platform, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yannic Kerkhoff
- Research Center of Electron Microscopy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Mertins
- Proteomics Platform, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charite, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus A Mall
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charite, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charite, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Associated Partner Site, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Lauster
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Gradzielski
- Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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2
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Su S, Wahl A, Rugis J, Suresh V, Yule DI, Sneyd J. A mathematical model of ENaC and Slc26a6 regulation by CFTR in salivary gland ducts. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G555-G566. [PMID: 38349781 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00168.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by the mutations of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene. Cftr is a critical ion channel expressed in the apical membrane of mouse salivary gland striated duct cells. Although Cftr is primarily a Cl- channel, its knockout leads to higher salivary Cl- and Na+ concentrations and lower pH. Mouse experiments show that the activation of Cftr upregulates epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) protein expression level and Slc26a6 (a 1Cl-:2[Formula: see text] exchanger of the solute carrier family) activity. Experimentally, it is difficult to predict how much the coregulation effects of CFTR contribute to the abnormal Na+, Cl-, and [Formula: see text] concentrations and pH in CF saliva. To address this question, we construct a wild-type mouse salivary gland model and simulate CFTR knockout by altering the expression levels of CFTR, ENaC, and Slc26a6. By reproducing the in vivo and ex vivo final saliva measurements from wild-type and CFTR knockout animals, we obtain computational evidence that ENaC and Slc26a6 activities are downregulated in CFTR knockout in salivary glands.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This paper describes a salivary gland mathematical model simulating the ion exchange between saliva and the salivary gland duct epithelium. The novelty lies in the implementation of CFTR regulating ENaC and Slc26a6 in a CFTR knockout gland. By reproducing the experimental saliva measurements in wild-type and CFTR knockout glands, the model shows that CFTR regulates ENaC and Slc26a6 anion exchanger in salivary glands. The method could be used to understand the various cystic fibrosis phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Su
- Department of Mathematics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Amanda Wahl
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - John Rugis
- Department of Mathematics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Vinod Suresh
- Auckland Biomedical Engineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David I Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - James Sneyd
- Department of Mathematics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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3
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Wu M, Chen JH. CFTR dysfunction leads to defective bacterial eradication on cystic fibrosis airways. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1385661. [PMID: 38699141 PMCID: PMC11063615 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1385661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) anion channel by genetic mutations causes the inherited disease cystic fibrosis (CF). CF lung disease that involves multiple disorders of epithelial function likely results from loss of CFTR function as an anion channel conducting chloride and bicarbonate ions and its function as a cellular regulator modulating the activity of membrane and cytosol proteins. In the absence of CFTR activity, abundant mucus accumulation, bacterial infection and inflammation characterize CF airways, in which inflammation-associated tissue remodeling and damage gradually destroys the lung. Deciphering the link between CFTR dysfunction and bacterial infection in CF airways may reveal the pathogenesis of CF lung disease and guide the development of new treatments. Research efforts towards this goal, including high salt, low volume, airway surface liquid acidosis and abnormal mucus hypotheses are critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeng-Haur Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
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4
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Sure F, Einsiedel J, Gmeiner P, Duchstein P, Zahn D, Korbmacher C, Ilyaskin AV. The small molecule activator S3969 stimulates the epithelial sodium channel by interacting with a specific binding pocket in the channel's β-subunit. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105785. [PMID: 38401845 PMCID: PMC11065748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is essential for mediating sodium absorption in several epithelia. Its impaired function leads to severe disorders, including pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 and respiratory distress. Therefore, pharmacological ENaC activators have potential therapeutic implications. Previously, a small molecule ENaC activator (S3969) was developed. So far, little is known about molecular mechanisms involved in S3969-mediated ENaC stimulation. Here, we identified an S3969-binding site in human ENaC by combining structure-based simulations with molecular biological methods and electrophysiological measurements of ENaC heterologously expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. We confirmed a previous observation that the extracellular loop of β-ENaC is essential for ENaC stimulation by S3969. Molecular dynamics simulations predicted critical residues in the thumb domain of β-ENaC (Arg388, Phe391, and Tyr406) that coordinate S3969 within a binding site localized at the β-γ-subunit interface. Importantly, mutating each of these residues reduced (R388H; R388A) or nearly abolished (F391G; Y406A) the S3969-mediated ENaC activation. Molecular dynamics simulations also suggested that S3969-mediated ENaC stimulation involved a movement of the α5 helix of the thumb domain of β-ENaC away from the palm domain of γ-ENaC. Consistent with this, the introduction of two cysteine residues (βR437C - γS298C) to form a disulfide bridge connecting these two domains prevented ENaC stimulation by S3969 unless the disulfide bond was reduced by DTT. Finally, we demonstrated that S3969 stimulated ENaC endogenously expressed in cultured human airway epithelial cells (H441). These new findings may lead to novel (patho-)physiological and therapeutic concepts for disorders associated with altered ENaC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Sure
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Einsiedel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Patrick Duchstein
- Theoretical Chemistry/Computer Chemistry Center (CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk Zahn
- Theoretical Chemistry/Computer Chemistry Center (CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Korbmacher
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Ilyaskin
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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5
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Blayac M, Yegen CH, Marj EA, Rodriguez JCM, Cazaunau M, Bergé A, Epaud R, Coll P, Lanone S. Acute exposure to realistic simulated urban atmospheres exacerbates pulmonary phenotype in cystic fibrosis-like mice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133340. [PMID: 38147748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a lethal genetic disorder caused by pathogenic mutations of the CFTR gene. CF patients show a high phenotypic variability of unknown origin. In this context, the present study was therefore dedicated to investigating the effects of acute exposure to air pollution on the pulmonary morbidity of a CF-like mice model. To achieve our aim, we developed a multidisciplinary approach and designed an innovative protocol using a simulation chamber reproducing multiphasic chemical processes at the laboratory. A particular attention was paid to modulate the composition of these simulated atmospheres, in terms of concentrations of gaseous and particulate pollutants. Exposure to simulated urban atmospheres induced mucus secretion and increased inflammatory biomarkers levels, oxidative stress as well as expression of lung remodeling actors in both WT and CF-like mice. The latter were more susceptible to develop such a response. Though we could not establish direct mechanistic link between biological responses and specific components, the type of immune response induced depended on the chemical composition of the atmospheres. Overall, we demonstrated that air pollution is an important determinant of CF-like lung phenotypic variability and emphasized the added value of considering air pollution with a multi-pollutant approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Blayac
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | | | - Elie Al Marj
- Université de Paris Cité and Univ Paris Est Créteil, CNRS, LISA, F-75013 Paris, France
| | | | - Mathieu Cazaunau
- Univ Paris Est Creteil and Université de Paris, CNRS, LISA, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Antonin Bergé
- Université de Paris Cité and Univ Paris Est Créteil, CNRS, LISA, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Ralph Epaud
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010 Créteil, France; Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Centre des Maladies Respiratoires Rares (RespiRare®)- CRCM, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Patrice Coll
- Université de Paris Cité and Univ Paris Est Créteil, CNRS, LISA, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Lanone
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010 Créteil, France.
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Stapleton EM, Thurman AL, Pezzulo AA, Comellas AP, Thornell IM. Increased ENaC-mediated liquid absorption across vitamin-D deficient human airway epithelia. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C540-C550. [PMID: 38145296 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00369.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for exacerbation of obstructive airway disease, a hallmark of which is mucus dehydration and plugging. Calcitriol (the active form of vitamin D) deficiency in cultured human airway epithelia resulted in increased SCNN1G and ATP1B1 mRNAs encoding subunits of ENaC and the Na-K pump compared with supplemented epithelia. These drive the absorption of airway surface liquid. Consistently, calcitriol-deficient epithelia absorbed liquid faster than supplemented epithelia. Calcitriol deficiency also increased amiloride-sensitive Isc and Gt without altering Na-K pump activity, indicating the changes in amiloride-sensitivity arose from ENaC. ENaC activity can be regulated by trafficking, proteases, and channel abundance. We found the effect was likely not induced by changes to endocytosis of ENaC given that calcitriol did not affect the half-lives of amiloride-sensitive Isc and Gt. Furthermore, trypsin nominally increased Isc produced by epithelia ± calcitriol, suggesting calcitriol did not affect proteolytic activation of ENaC. Consistent with mRNA and functional data, calcitriol deficiency resulted in increased γENaC protein. These data indicate that the vitamin D receptor response controls ENaC function and subsequent liquid absorption, providing insight into the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and respiratory disease.NEW & NOTEWORTHY It is unknown why calcitriol (active vitamin D) deficiency worsens pulmonary disease outcomes. Results from mRNA, immunoblot, Ussing chamber, and absorption experiments indicate that calcitriol deficiency increases ENaC activity in human airway epithelia, decreasing apical hydration. Given that epithelial hydration is required for mucociliary transport and airway innate immune function, the increased ENaC activity observed in calcitriol-deficient epithelia may contribute to respiratory pathology observed in vitamin D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Stapleton
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Occupational Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | - Andrew L Thurman
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Occupational Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | - Alejandro A Pezzulo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Occupational Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | - Alejandro P Comellas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Occupational Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | - Ian M Thornell
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Occupational Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
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7
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Rotin D, Prag G. Physiological Functions of the Ubiquitin Ligases Nedd4-1 and Nedd4-2. Physiology (Bethesda) 2024; 39:18-29. [PMID: 37962894 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00023.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Nedd4 family of E3 ubiquitin ligases, consisting of a C2-WW(n)-HECT domain architecture, includes the closely related Nedd4/Nedd4-1 and Nedd4L/Nedd4-2, which play critical roles in human physiology and pathophysiology.This review focuses on the regulation of enzymatic activity of these Nedd4 proteins, as well as on their roles in regulating stability and function of membrane and other signaling proteins, such as ion channels, ion transporters, and growth factor receptors. The diseases caused by impairment of such regulation are discussed, as well as opportunities and challenges for targeting these enzymes for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rotin
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Biochemistry Department, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gali Prag
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel
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8
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Sponchiado M, Bonilla AL, Mata L, Jasso-Johnson K, Liao YSJ, Fagan A, Moncada V, Reznikov LR. Club cell CREB regulates the goblet cell transcriptional network and pro-mucin effects of IL-1B. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1323865. [PMID: 38173934 PMCID: PMC10761479 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1323865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Club cells are precursors for mucus-producing goblet cells. Interleukin 1β (IL-1B) is an inflammatory mediator with pro-mucin activities that increases the number of mucus-producing goblet cells. IL-1B-mediated mucin production in alveolar adenocarcinoma cells requires activation of the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). Whether the pro-mucin activities of IL-1B require club cell CREB is unknown. Methods: We challenged male mice with conditional loss of club cell Creb1 and wild type littermates with intra-airway IL-1B or vehicle. Secondarily, we studied human "club cell-like" H322 cells. Results: IL-1B increased whole lung mRNA of secreted (Mucin 5ac, Mucin 5b) and tethered (Mucin 1, Mucin 4) mucins independent of genotype. However, loss of club cell Creb1 increased whole lung mRNA of member RAS oncogene family (Rab3D), decreased mRNA of the muscarinic receptor 3 (M3R) and prevented IL-1B mediated increases in purinergic receptor P2Y, (P2ry2) mRNA. IL-1B increased the density of goblet cells containing neutral mucins in wildtype mice but not in mice with loss of club cell Creb1. These findings suggested that club cell Creb1 regulated mucin secretion. Loss of club cell Creb1 also prevented IL-1B-mediated impairments in airway mechanics. Four days of pharmacologic CREB inhibition in H322 cells increased mRNA abundance of forkhead box A2 (FOXA2), a repressor of goblet cell expansion, and decreased mRNA expression of SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF), a driver of goblet cell expansion. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated that CREB directly bound to the promoter region of FOXA2, but not to the promoter region of SPDEF. Treatment of H322 cells with IL-1B increased cAMP levels, providing a direct link between IL-1B and CREB signaling. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that club cell Creb1 regulates the pro-mucin properties of IL-1B through pathways likely involving FOXA2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Leah R. Reznikov
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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9
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Harris ES, Novak L, Fernandez-Petty CM, Lindgren NR, Baker SM, Birket SE, Rowe SM. SNSP113 (PAAG) improves mucociliary transport and lung pathology in the Scnn1b-Tg murine model of CF lung disease. J Cyst Fibros 2023; 22:1104-1112. [PMID: 37714777 PMCID: PMC10843010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucus stasis, a hallmark of muco-obstructive disease, results from impaired mucociliary transport and leads to lung function decline and chronic infection. Although therapeutics that target mucus stasis in the airway, such as hypertonic saline or rhDNAse, show some therapeutic benefit, they do not address the underlying electrostatic defect apparent in mucins in CF and related conditions. We have previously shown poly (acetyl, arginyl) glucosamine (PAAG, developed as SNSP113), a soluble, cationic polymer, significantly improves mucociliary transport in a rat model of CF by normalizing the charge defects of CF mucin. Here, we report efficacy in the CFTR-sufficient, ENaC hyperactive, Scnn1b-Tg mouse model that develops airway muco-obstruction due to sodium hyperabsorption and airway dehydration. METHODS Scnn1b-Tg mice were treated with either 250 µg/mL SNSP113 or vehicle control (1.38% glycerol in PBS) via nebulization once daily for 7 days and then euthanized for analysis. Micro-Optical Coherence Tomography-based evaluation of excised mouse trachea was used to determine the effect on the functional microanatomy. Tissue analysis was performed by routine histopathology. RESULTS Nebulized treatment of SNSP113 significantly improved mucociliary transport in the airways of Scnn1b-Tg mice, without altering the airway surface or periciliary liquid layer. In addition, SNSP113 significantly reversed epithelial hypertrophy and goblet cell metaplasia. Finally, SNSP113 significantly ameliorated eosinophilic crystalline pneumonia and lung consolidation in addition to inflammatory macrophage influx in this model. CONCLUSION Overall, this study extends the efficacy of SNSP113 as a potential therapeutic to alleviate mucus stasis in muco-obstructive diseases in CF and potentially in related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elex S Harris
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lea Novak
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Courtney M Fernandez-Petty
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Natalie R Lindgren
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Susan E Birket
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Steven M Rowe
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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10
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Yanda MK, Zeidan A, Ciobanu C, Izzi J, Guggino WB, Cebotaru L. Transduction of Ferret Surface and Basal Cells of Airways, Lung, Liver, and Pancreas via Intratracheal or Intravenous Delivery of Adeno-Associated Virus 1 or 6. Hum Gene Ther 2023; 34:1135-1144. [PMID: 37650819 PMCID: PMC10659021 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2023.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is potentially treatable by gene therapy. Since the identification of the CF gene, preclinical and clinical trials have concentrated on achieving effective gene therapy targeting the lung. However, the lung has proven to be a formidable barrier to successful gene therapy especially for CF, and many clinical trials failed to achieve efficacy. Recent advances in vector design and adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes have increased the chances of success. Given that CF is a multi-organ disease, the goal of this study was to test whether a gene therapy approach involving AAV1 or AAV6 vector delivery via the systemic circulation would at the same time overcome the barrier of lung delivery and transduce organs commonly affected by CF. To accomplish this, we sprayed AAV1 containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) into the trachea or injected it intravenously (IV). We also tested AAV6 injected IV. No adverse events were noted. Ferrets were necropsied 30 days after vector delivery. AAV1 or AAV6 vector genomes, messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, and GFP were detected in all the tracheal and lung samples from the treated animals, whether AAV1 was sprayed into the trachea or injected IV or AAV6 was injected IV. Importantly, both surface epithelial and basal cells of the trachea and lung airways were successfully transduced, regardless of which route of delivery or vector serotype used for transduction. We detected also AAV1 and AAV6 vector genomes, mRNA expression, and GFP in the livers and pancreases, particularly in the acinar cells of the pancreatic duct. These data suggest that gene transfer is attainable in the airways, liver, and pancreas using either serotype, AAV1 or AAV6. Given that these same organs are affected in CF, systemic delivery of AAV may be the preferred route of delivery for a gene therapy for CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali K. Yanda
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adi Zeidan
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cristian Ciobanu
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jessica Izzi
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - William B. Guggino
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Liudmila Cebotaru
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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11
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Ferri G, Serano M, Isopi E, Mucci M, Mattoscio D, Pecce R, Protasi F, Mall MA, Romano M, Recchiuti A. Resolvin D1 improves airway inflammation and exercise capacity in cystic fibrosis lung disease. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23233. [PMID: 37823221 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301495r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Mucus plugging and non-resolving inflammation are inherent features of cystic fibrosis (CF) that may lead to progressive lung disease and exercise intolerance, which are the main causes of morbidity and mortality for people with CF. Therefore, understanding the influence of mucus on basic mechanisms underlying the inflammatory response and identifying strategies to resolve mucus-driven airway inflammation and consequent morbidity in CF are of wide interest. Here, we investigated the effects of the proresolving lipid mediator resolvin (Rv) D1 on mucus-related inflammation as a proof-of-concept to alleviate the burden of lung disease and restore exercise intolerance in CF. We tested the effects of RvD1 on inflammatory responses of human organotypic airways and leukocytes to CF mucus and of humanized mice expressing the epithelial Na + channel (βENaC-Tg) having CF-like mucus obstruction, lung disease, and physical exercise intolerance. RvD1 reduced pathogenic phenotypes of CF-airway supernatant (ASN)-stimulated human neutrophils, including loss of L-selectin shedding and CD16. RNASeq analysis identified select transcripts and pathways regulated by RvD1 in ASN-stimulated CF bronchial epithelial cells that are involved in sugar metabolism, NF-κB activation and inflammation, and response to stress. In in vivo inflammation using βENaC TG mice, RvD1 reduced total leukocytes, PMN, and interstitial Siglec-MΦ when given at 6-8 weeks of age, and in older mice at 10-12 weeks of age, along with the decrease of pro-inflammatory chemokines and increase of anti-inflammatory IL-10. Furthermore, RvD1 treatment promoted the resolution of pulmonary exacerbation caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and significantly enhanced physical activity and energy expenditure associated with mucus obstruction, which was impaired in βENaC-Tg mice compared with wild-type. These results demonstrate that RvD1 can rectify features of CF and offer proof-of-concept for its therapeutic application in this and other muco-obstructive lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ferri
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnology Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Serano
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Elisa Isopi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnology Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Mucci
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnology Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Domenico Mattoscio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnology Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Romina Pecce
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnology Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Feliciano Protasi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marcus A Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Associated Partner, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mario Romano
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnology Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonio Recchiuti
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnology Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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12
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Ghosh A, Coakley RD, Alexis NE, Tarran R. Vaping-Induced Proteolysis Causes Airway Surface Dehydration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15348. [PMID: 37895029 PMCID: PMC10607227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteases such as neutrophil elastase cleave and activate the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), causing airway dehydration. Our current study explores the impact of increased protease levels in vapers' airways on ENaC activity and airway dehydration. Human bronchial epithelial cultures (HBECs) were exposed to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from non-smokers, smokers and vapers. Airway surface liquid (ASL) height was measured by confocal microscopy as a marker of hydration. ENaC cleavage was measured by Western blotting. Human peripheral blood neutrophils were treated with a menthol-flavored e-liquid (Juul), and the resulting secretions were added to HBECs. BALF from smokers and vapers significantly and equally increased ENaC activity and decreased ASL height. The ASL height decrease was attenuated by protease inhibitors. Non-smokers' BALF had no effect on ENaC or ASL height. BALF from smokers and vapers, but not non-smokers, induced ENaC cleavage. E-liquid-treated neutrophil secretions cleaved ENaC and decreased ASL height. Our study demonstrated that elevated protease levels in vapers' airways have functional significance since they can activate ENaC, resulting in airway dehydration. Lung dehydration contributes to diseases like cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. Thus, our data predict that vaping, like smoking, will cause airway surface dehydration that likely leads to lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunava Ghosh
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA;
| | - Raymond D. Coakley
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA;
| | - Neil E. Alexis
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA;
| | - Robert Tarran
- Division of Genetic, Environmental and Inhalational Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA
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13
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Ozeri-Galai E, Friedman L, Barchad-Avitzur O, Markovetz MR, Boone W, Rouillard KR, Stampfer CD, Oren YS, Hill DB, Kerem B, Hart G. Delivery Characterization of SPL84 Inhaled Antisense Oligonucleotide Drug for 3849 + 10 kb C- > T Cystic Fibrosis Patients. Nucleic Acid Ther 2023; 33:306-318. [PMID: 37643307 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2023.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the therapeutic potential of RNA-related treatments, specifically for antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)-based drugs, have led to increased numbers of ASO regulatory approvals. In this study, we focus on SPL84, an inhaled ASO-based drug, developed for the treatment of the pulmonary disease cystic fibrosis (CF). Pulmonary drug delivery is challenging, due to a variety of biological, physical, chemical, and structural barriers, especially when targeting the cell nucleus. The distribution of SPL84 throughout the lungs, penetration into the epithelial cells and nucleus, and structural stability are critical parameters that will impact drug efficacy in a clinical setting. In this study, we demonstrate broad distribution, as well as cell and nucleus penetration of SPL84 in mouse and monkey lungs. In vivo and in vitro studies confirmed the stability of our inhaled drug in CF patient-derived mucus and in lung lysosomal extracts. The mobility of SPL84 through hyperconcentrated mucus was also demonstrated. Our results, supported by a promising preclinical pharmacological effect of full restoration of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator channel activity, emphasize the high potential of SPL84 as an effective drug for the treatment of CF patients. In addition, successfully tackling the lung distribution of SPL84 offers immense opportunities for further development of SpliSense's inhaled ASO-based drugs for unmet needs in pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lital Friedman
- SpliSense, Biohouse Labs, Haddasah Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | - William Boone
- Marsico Lung Institute, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | - Yifat S Oren
- SpliSense, Biohouse Labs, Haddasah Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David B Hill
- Marsico Lung Institute, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Batsheva Kerem
- SpliSense, Biohouse Labs, Haddasah Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Genetics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gili Hart
- SpliSense, Biohouse Labs, Haddasah Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
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14
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Graeber SY, Mall MA. The future of cystic fibrosis treatment: from disease mechanisms to novel therapeutic approaches. Lancet 2023; 402:1185-1198. [PMID: 37699417 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01608-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
With the 2019 breakthrough in the development of highly effective modulator therapy providing unprecedented clinical benefits for over 90% of patients with cystic fibrosis who are genetically eligible for treatment, this rare disease has become a front runner of transformative molecular therapy. This success is based on fundamental research, which led to the identification of the disease-causing CFTR gene and our subsequent understanding of the disease mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis, working together with a continuously evolving clinical research and drug development pipeline. In this Series paper, we focus on advances since 2018, and remaining knowledge gaps in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of CFTR dysfunction in the airway epithelium and their links to mucus dysfunction, impaired host defences, airway infection, and chronic inflammation of the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis. We review progress in (and the remaining obstacles to) pharmacological approaches to rescue CFTR function, and novel strategies for improved symptomatic therapies for cystic fibrosis, including how these might be applicable to common lung diseases, such as bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Finally, we discuss the promise of genetic therapies and gene editing approaches to restore CFTR function in the lungs of all patients with cystic fibrosis independent of their CFTR genotype, and the unprecedented opportunities to transform cystic fibrosis from a fatal disease to a treatable and potentially curable one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Y Graeber
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Cystic Fibrosis Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Lung Research, associated partner site, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus A Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Cystic Fibrosis Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Lung Research, associated partner site, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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15
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Blaskovic S, Anagnostopoulou P, Borisova E, Schittny D, Donati Y, Haberthür D, Zhou-Suckow Z, Mall MA, Schlepütz CM, Stampanoni M, Barazzone-Argiroffo C, Schittny JC. Airspace Diameter Map-A Quantitative Measurement of All Pulmonary Airspaces to Characterize Structural Lung Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:2375. [PMID: 37830589 PMCID: PMC10571657 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Stereological estimations significantly contributed to our understanding of lung anatomy and physiology. Taking stereology fully 3-dimensional facilitates the estimation of novel parameters. (2) Methods: We developed a protocol for the analysis of all airspaces of an entire lung. It includes (i) high-resolution synchrotron radiation-based X-ray tomographic microscopy, (ii) image segmentation using the free machine-learning tool Ilastik and ImageJ, and (iii) calculation of the airspace diameter distribution using a diameter map function. To evaluate the new pipeline, lungs from adult mice with cystic fibrosis (CF)-like lung disease (βENaC-transgenic mice) or mice with elastase-induced emphysema were compared to healthy controls. (3) Results: We were able to show the distribution of airspace diameters throughout the entire lung, as well as separately for the conducting airways and the gas exchange area. In the pathobiological context, we observed an irregular widening of parenchymal airspaces in mice with CF-like lung disease and elastase-induced emphysema. Comparable results were obtained when analyzing lungs imaged with μCT, sugges-ting that our pipeline is applicable to different kinds of imaging modalities. (4) Conclusions: We conclude that the airspace diameter map is well suited for a detailed analysis of unevenly distri-buted structural alterations in chronic muco-obstructive lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Blaskovic
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (S.B.); (E.B.); (D.S.); (D.H.)
| | | | - Elena Borisova
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (S.B.); (E.B.); (D.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Dominik Schittny
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (S.B.); (E.B.); (D.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Yves Donati
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1211 Genève, Switzerland; (Y.D.); (C.B.-A.)
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - David Haberthür
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (S.B.); (E.B.); (D.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Zhe Zhou-Suckow
- Department of Translational Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), A Member of German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Marcus A. Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany;
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Associated Partner Site, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian M. Schlepütz
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland; (C.M.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Marco Stampanoni
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland; (C.M.S.); (M.S.)
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Constance Barazzone-Argiroffo
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1211 Genève, Switzerland; (Y.D.); (C.B.-A.)
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Johannes C. Schittny
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (S.B.); (E.B.); (D.S.); (D.H.)
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16
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Baharara H, Kesharwani P, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Therapeutic potential of phytochemicals for cystic fibrosis. Biofactors 2023; 49:984-1009. [PMID: 37191383 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to review and discuss various phytochemicals that exhibit beneficial effects on mutated membrane channels, and hence, improve transmembrane conductance. These therapeutic phytochemicals may have the potential to decrease mortality and morbidity of CF patients. Four databases were searched using keywords. Relevant studies were identified, and related articles were separated. Google Scholar, as well as gray literature (i.e., information that is not produced by commercial publishers), were also checked for related articles to locate/identify additional studies. The relevant databases were searched a second time to ensure that recent studies were included. In conclusion, while curcumin, genistein, and resveratrol have demonstrated effectiveness in this regard, it should be emphasized that coumarins, quercetin, and other herbal medicines also have beneficial effects on transporter function, transmembrane conductivity, and overall channel activity. Additional in vitro and in vivo studies should be conducted on mutant CFTR to unequivocally define the mechanism by which phytochemicals alter transmembrane channel function/activity, since the results of the studies evaluated in this review have a high degree of heterogenicity and discrepancy. Finally, continued research be undertaken to clearly define the mechanism(s) of action and the therapeutic effects that therapeutic phytochemicals have on the symptoms observed in CF patients in an effort to reduce mortality and morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Baharara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, India
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - AmirHossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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17
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Rodgers AM, Lindsay J, Monahan A, Dubois AV, Faniyi AA, Plant BJ, Mall MA, Ekkelenkamp MB, Elborn S, Ingram RJ. Biologically Relevant Murine Models of Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Respiratory Infection. Pathogens 2023; 12:1053. [PMID: 37624013 PMCID: PMC10458525 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12081053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an opportunistic pathogen and the leading cause of infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The ability of P. aeruginosa to evade host responses and develop into chronic infection causes significant morbidity and mortality. Several mouse models have been developed to study chronic respiratory infections induced by P. aeruginosa, with the bead agar model being the most widely used. However, this model has several limitations, including the requirement for surgical procedures and high mortality rates. Herein, we describe novel and adapted biologically relevant models of chronic lung infection caused by P. aeruginosa. Three methods are described: a clinical isolate infection model, utilising isolates obtained from patients with CF; an incomplete antibiotic clearance model, leading to bacterial bounce-back; and the establishment of chronic infection; and an adapted water bottle chronic infection model. These models circumvent the requirement for a surgical procedure and, importantly, can be induced with clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and in wild-type mice. We also demonstrate successful induction of chronic infection in the transgenic βENaC murine model of CF. We envisage that the models described will facilitate the investigations of host and microbial factors, and the efficacy of novel antimicrobials, during chronic P. aeruginosa respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife M. Rodgers
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK (S.E.)
| | - Jaime Lindsay
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK (S.E.)
| | - Avril Monahan
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK (S.E.)
| | - Alice V. Dubois
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK (S.E.)
| | - Aduragbemi A. Faniyi
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK (S.E.)
| | - Barry J. Plant
- Cork Centre for Cystic Fibrosis (3CF), Cork University Hospital, University College Cork, T12 E8YV Cork, Ireland
- The HRB Funded Clinical Research Facility, University College Cork, T12 E8YV Cork, Ireland
| | - Marcus A. Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité—University of Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—University of Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Miquel B. Ekkelenkamp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stuart Elborn
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK (S.E.)
| | - Rebecca J. Ingram
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK (S.E.)
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18
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Zhang JZ, Shi NR, Wu JS, Wang X, Illes P, Tang Y. UDP-glucose sensing P2Y 14R: A novel target for inflammation. Neuropharmacology 2023; 238:109655. [PMID: 37423482 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Uridine 5'-diphosphoglucose (UDP-G) as a preferential agonist, but also other UDP-sugars, such as UDP galactose, function as extracellular signaling molecules under conditions of cell injury and apoptosis. Consequently, UDP-G is regarded to function as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), regulating immune responses. UDP-G promotes neutrophil recruitment, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory chemokines. As a potent endogenous agonist with the highest affinity for the P2Y14 receptor (R), it accomplishes an exclusive relationship between P2Y14Rs in regulating inflammation via cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) pathways. In this review, we initially present a brief introduction into the expression and function of P2Y14Rs in combination with UDP-G. Subsequently, we summarize emerging roles of UDP-G/P2Y14R signaling pathways that modulate inflammatory responses in diverse systems, and discuss the underlying mechanisms of P2Y14R activation in inflammation-related diseases. Moreover, we also refer to the applications as well as effects of novel agonists/antagonists of P2Y14Rs in inflammatory conditions. In conclusion, due to the role of the P2Y14R in the immune system and inflammatory pathways, it may represent a novel target for anti-inflammatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Zhou Zhang
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling, School of Acupuncture and Tuina/Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Nan-Rui Shi
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling, School of Acupuncture and Tuina/Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Jia-Si Wu
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling, School of Acupuncture and Tuina/Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Xin Wang
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling, School of Acupuncture and Tuina/Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Peter Illes
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling, School of Acupuncture and Tuina/Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China; Rudolf Boehm Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, 04107, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Yong Tang
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling, School of Acupuncture and Tuina/Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China; Acupuncture and Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610075, China.
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19
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Douglas LEJ, Reihill JA, Montgomery BM, Martin SL. Furin as a therapeutic target in cystic fibrosis airways disease. Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:32/168/220256. [PMID: 37137509 PMCID: PMC10155048 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0256-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical management of cystic fibrosis (CF) has been greatly improved by the development of small molecule modulators of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). These drugs help to address some of the basic genetic defects of CFTR; however, no suitable CFTR modulators exist for 10% of people with CF (PWCF). An alternative, mutation-agnostic therapeutic approach is therefore still required. In CF airways, elevated levels of the proprotein convertase furin contribute to the dysregulation of key processes that drive disease pathogenesis. Furin plays a critical role in the proteolytic activation of the epithelial sodium channel; hyperactivity of which causes airways dehydration and loss of effective mucociliary clearance. Furin is also responsible for the processing of transforming growth factor-β, which is increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from PWCF and is associated with neutrophilic inflammation and reduced pulmonary function. Pathogenic substrates of furin include Pseudomonas exotoxin A, a major toxic product associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and the spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the causative pathogen for coronavirus disease 2019. In this review we discuss the importance of furin substrates in the progression of CF airways disease and highlight selective furin inhibition as a therapeutic strategy to provide clinical benefit to all PWCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa E J Douglas
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - James A Reihill
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | | | - S Lorraine Martin
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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20
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Hill DB. Editorial: Mucus and the mucociliary interface: continuity and clearance. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1233276. [PMID: 37383143 PMCID: PMC10295136 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1233276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David B. Hill
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- School of Medicine, Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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21
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Mikami Y, Grubb BR, Rogers TD, Dang H, Asakura T, Kota P, Gilmore RC, Okuda K, Morton LC, Sun L, Chen G, Wykoff JA, Ehre C, Vilar J, van Heusden C, Livraghi-Butrico A, Gentzsch M, Button B, Stutts MJ, Randell SH, O’Neal WK, Boucher RC. Chronic airway epithelial hypoxia exacerbates injury in muco-obstructive lung disease through mucus hyperconcentration. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabo7728. [PMID: 37285404 PMCID: PMC10664029 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo7728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Unlike solid organs, human airway epithelia derive their oxygen from inspired air rather than the vasculature. Many pulmonary diseases are associated with intraluminal airway obstruction caused by aspirated foreign bodies, virus infection, tumors, or mucus plugs intrinsic to airway disease, including cystic fibrosis (CF). Consistent with requirements for luminal O2, airway epithelia surrounding mucus plugs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) lungs are hypoxic. Despite these observations, the effects of chronic hypoxia (CH) on airway epithelial host defense functions relevant to pulmonary disease have not been investigated. Molecular characterization of resected human lungs from individuals with a spectrum of muco-obstructive lung diseases (MOLDs) or COVID-19 identified molecular features of chronic hypoxia, including increased EGLN3 expression, in epithelia lining mucus-obstructed airways. In vitro experiments using cultured chronically hypoxic airway epithelia revealed conversion to a glycolytic metabolic state with maintenance of cellular architecture. Chronically hypoxic airway epithelia unexpectedly exhibited increased MUC5B mucin production and increased transepithelial Na+ and fluid absorption mediated by HIF1α/HIF2α-dependent up-regulation of β and γENaC (epithelial Na+ channel) subunit expression. The combination of increased Na+ absorption and MUC5B production generated hyperconcentrated mucus predicted to perpetuate obstruction. Single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing analyses of chronically hypoxic cultured airway epithelia revealed transcriptional changes involved in airway wall remodeling, destruction, and angiogenesis. These results were confirmed by RNA-in situ hybridization studies of lungs from individuals with MOLD. Our data suggest that chronic airway epithelial hypoxia may be central to the pathogenesis of persistent mucus accumulation in MOLDs and associated airway wall damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mikami
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Barbara R. Grubb
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Troy D. Rogers
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Hong Dang
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Takanori Asakura
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Pradeep Kota
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Rodney C. Gilmore
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Kenichi Okuda
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Lisa C. Morton
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ling Sun
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Gang Chen
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jason A. Wykoff
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Camille Ehre
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Juan Vilar
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Catharina van Heusden
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | | | - Martina Gentzsch
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Brian Button
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - M. Jackson Stutts
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Scott H. Randell
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Wanda K. O’Neal
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Richard C. Boucher
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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22
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Ling KM, Stick SM, Kicic A. Pulmonary bacteriophage and cystic fibrosis airway mucus: friends or foes? Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1088494. [PMID: 37265479 PMCID: PMC10230084 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1088494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
For those born with cystic fibrosis (CF), hyper-concentrated mucus with a dysfunctional structure significantly impacts CF airways, providing a perfect environment for bacterial colonization and subsequent chronic infection. Early treatment with antibiotics limits the prevalence of bacterial pathogens but permanently alters the CF airway microenvironment, resulting in antibiotic resistance and other long-term consequences. With little investment into new traditional antibiotics, safe and effective alternative therapeutic options are urgently needed. One gathering significant traction is bacteriophage (phage) therapy. However, little is known about which phages are effective for respiratory infections, the dynamics involved between phage(s) and the host airway, and associated by-products, including mucus. Work utilizing gut cell models suggest that phages adhere to mucus components, reducing microbial colonization and providing non-host-derived immune protection. Thus, phages retained in the CF mucus layer result from the positive selection that enables them to remain in the mucus layer. Phages bind weakly to mucus components, slowing down the diffusion motion and increasing their chance of encountering bacterial species for subsequent infection. Adherence of phage to mucus could also facilitate phage enrichment and persistence within the microenvironment, resulting in a potent phage phenotype or vice versa. However, how the CF microenvironment responds to phage and impacts phage functionality remains unknown. This review discusses CF associated lung diseases, the impact of CF mucus, and chronic bacterial infection. It then discusses the therapeutic potential of phages, their dynamic relationship with mucus and whether this may enhance or hinder airway bacterial infections in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kak-Ming Ling
- Wal-Yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Occupation, Environment and Safety, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Stephen Michael Stick
- Wal-Yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Division of Paediatrics, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia and Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Anthony Kicic
- Wal-Yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Occupation, Environment and Safety, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia and Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA, Australia
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23
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Addante A, Raymond W, Gitlin I, Charbit A, Orain X, Scheffler AW, Kuppe A, Duerr J, Daniltchenko M, Drescher M, Graeber SY, Healy AM, Oscarson S, Fahy JV, Mall MA. A novel thiol-saccharide mucolytic for the treatment of muco-obstructive lung diseases. Eur Respir J 2023; 61:2202022. [PMID: 37080569 PMCID: PMC10209473 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02022-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucin disulfide cross-links mediate pathologic mucus formation in muco-obstructive lung diseases. MUC-031, a novel thiol-modified carbohydrate compound, cleaves disulfides to cause mucolysis. The aim of this study was to determine the mucolytic and therapeutic effects of MUC-031 in sputum from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and mice with muco-obstructive lung disease (βENaC-Tg mice). METHODS We compared the mucolytic efficacy of MUC-031 and existing mucolytics (N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and recombinant human deoxyribonuclease I (rhDNase)) using rheology to measure the elastic modulus (G') of CF sputum, and we tested effects of MUC-031 on airway mucus plugging, inflammation and survival in βENaC-Tg mice to determine its mucolytic efficacy in vivo. RESULTS In CF sputum, compared to the effects of rhDNase and NAC, MUC-031 caused a larger decrease in sputum G', was faster in decreasing sputum G' by 50% and caused mucolysis of a larger proportion of sputum samples within 15 min of drug addition. Compared to vehicle control, three treatments with MUC-031 in 1 day in adult βENaC-Tg mice decreased airway mucus content (16.8±3.2 versus 7.5±1.2 nL·mm-2, p<0.01) and bronchoalveolar lavage cells (73 833±6930 versus 47 679±7736 cells·mL-1, p<0.05). Twice-daily treatment with MUC-031 for 2 weeks also caused decreases in these outcomes in adult and neonatal βENaC-Tg mice and reduced mortality from 37% in vehicle-treated βENaC-Tg neonates to 21% in those treated with MUC-031 (p<0.05). CONCLUSION MUC-031 is a potent and fast-acting mucolytic that decreases airway mucus plugging, lessens airway inflammation and improves survival in βENaC-Tg mice. These data provide rationale for human trials of MUC-031 in muco-obstructive lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Addante
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wilfred Raymond
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Irina Gitlin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Annabelle Charbit
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xavier Orain
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aaron Wolfe Scheffler
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aditi Kuppe
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Duerr
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Daniltchenko
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marika Drescher
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Y Graeber
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne-Marie Healy
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stefan Oscarson
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - John V Fahy
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- J.V. Fahy and M.A. Mall contributed equally as senior authors
| | - Marcus A Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- J.V. Fahy and M.A. Mall contributed equally as senior authors
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24
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Pascarel K, Colas J, Mirval S, Becq F, Vandebrouck C. [The impact of hypoxia on the ion channels in cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial cells]. Rev Mal Respir 2023; 40:230-233. [PMID: 36775781 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is a disease caused by a mutation on the CFTR gene coding for a chloride channel. The dominant mutation F508del eliminates the CFTR protein at the surface of epithelial cells, causing an accumulation of viscous mucus in the airways. In advanced stages of the disease, respiratory failure is associated with cellular hypoxia. Our project aims not only to describe the impact of hypoxia on ion channels and to highlight the underlying signaling pathways involved, but also to test the effectiveness of current CF treatments under the above-mentioned conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Pascarel
- Université de Poitiers, PRéTI, Poitiers, France.
| | - J Colas
- Université de Poitiers, PRéTI, Poitiers, France
| | - S Mirval
- Université de Poitiers, PRéTI, Poitiers, France
| | - F Becq
- Université de Poitiers, PRéTI, Poitiers, France
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25
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Vijaykumar K, Rowe SM. Lessons from other fields of medicine, Part 2: Cystic fibrosis. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 192:119-130. [PMID: 36796937 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-85538-9.00006-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF), first described in 1938, is a common, life-limiting monogenetic disease. The discovery of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene in 1989 was crucial in advancing our understanding of disease pathogenesis and paving the road for treatment aimed at the fundamental molecular defect. With the delineation of over 2000 variations in the CFTR gene, a sound understanding of the individual variations in cell biology, and electrophysiological abnormalities conferred by the most common defects propelled the advent of targeted disease-modifying therapeutics beginning in 2012. Since then, CF care has transformed beyond just symptomatic treatment to include a variety of small-molecule therapies that address the basic electrophysiologic defect and cause profound improvements in physiology, clinical manifestations, and long-term outcomes, designed to differentially address six genetic/molecular subtypes. This chapter illustrates the progress made toward how fundamental science and translational initiatives enabled personalized, mutation specific treatment. We highlight the importance of preclinical assays and mechanistically-driven development strategies that were coupled with sensitive biomarkers and a clinical trial cooperative to provide a platform for successful drug development. This convergence of academic and private partnerships, and formation of multidisciplinary care teams directed by evidence-based initiatives provide a seminal example of addressing the needs of individuals with a rare, but fatal genetic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadambari Vijaykumar
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States; The Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Steven M Rowe
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States; The Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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26
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Reyne N, McCarron A, Cmielewski P, Parsons D, Donnelley M. To bead or not to bead: A review of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection models for cystic fibrosis. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1104856. [PMID: 36824474 PMCID: PMC9942929 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1104856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is characterised by recurring bacterial infections resulting in inflammation, lung damage and ultimately respiratory failure. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is considered one of the most important lung pathogens in those with cystic fibrosis. While multiple cystic fibrosis animal models have been developed, many fail to mirror the cystic fibrosis lung disease of humans, including the colonisation by opportunistic environmental pathogens. Delivering bacteria to the lungs of animals in different forms is a way to model cystic fibrosis bacterial lung infections and disease. This review presents an overview of previous models, and factors to consider when generating a new P. aeruginosa lung infection model. The future development and application of lung infection models that more accurately reflect human cystic fibrosis lung disease has the potential to assist in understanding the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis lung disease and for developing treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Reyne
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia,*Correspondence: Nicole Reyne,
| | - Alexandra McCarron
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Patricia Cmielewski
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David Parsons
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Martin Donnelley
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
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27
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The COPD-Associated Polymorphism Impairs the CFTR Function to Suppress Excessive IL-8 Production upon Environmental Pathogen Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032305. [PMID: 36768629 PMCID: PMC9916815 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
COPD is a lifestyle-related disease resulting from irreversible damage to respiratory tissues mostly due to chronic exposure to environmental pollutants, including cigarette smoke. Environmental pathogens and pollutants induce the acquired dysfunction of the CFTR Cl- channel, which is invoked in COPD. Despite the increased incidence of CFTR polymorphism R75Q or M470V in COPD patients, the mechanism of how the CFTR variant affects COPD pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, we investigated the impact of CFTR polymorphisms (R75Q, M470V) on the CFTR function in airway epithelial cell models. While wild-type (WT) CFTR suppressed the proinflammatory cytokine production induced by COPD-related pathogens including pyocyanin (PYO), R75Q- or M470V-CFTR failed. Mechanistically, the R75Q- or M470V-CFTR fractional PM activity (FPMA) was significantly lower than WT-CFTR in the presence of PYO. Notably, the CF drug Trikafta corrected the PM expression of R75Q- or M470V-CFTR even upon PYO exposure and consequently suppressed the excessive IL-8 production. These results suggest that R75Q or M470V polymorphism impairs the CFTR function to suppress the excessive proinflammatory response to environmental pathogens associated with COPD. Moreover, Trikafta may be useful to prevent the COPD pathogenesis associated with acquired CFTR dysfunction.
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28
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Taenaka H, Matthay MA. Mechanisms of impaired alveolar fluid clearance. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023:10.1002/ar.25166. [PMID: 36688689 PMCID: PMC10564110 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Impaired alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) is an important cause of alveolar edema fluid accumulation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Alveolar edema leads to insufficient gas exchange and worse clinical outcomes. Thus, it is important to understand the pathophysiology of impaired AFC in order to develop new therapies for ARDS. Over the last few decades, multiple experimental studies have been done to understand the molecular, cellular, and physiological mechanisms that regulate AFC in the normal and the injured lung. This review provides a review of AFC in the normal lung, focuses on the mechanisms of impaired AFC, and then outlines the regulation of AFC. Finally, we summarize ongoing challenges and possible future research that may offer promising therapies for ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Taenaka
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Michael A. Matthay
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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29
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Mao Y, Patial S, Saini Y. Airway epithelial cell-specific deletion of HMGB1 exaggerates inflammatory responses in mice with muco-obstructive airway disease. Front Immunol 2023; 13:944772. [PMID: 36741411 PMCID: PMC9892197 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.944772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a ubiquitous chromatin-binding protein required for gene transcription regulation, is released into the extracellular microenvironment by various structural and immune cells, where it is known to act as an alarmin. Here, we investigated the role of airway epithelium-specific HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of muco-obstructive lung disease in Scnn1b-transgenic (Tg+) mouse, a model of human cystic fibrosis (CF)-like lung disease. We hypothesized that airway epithelium-derived HMGB1 modulates muco-inflammatory lung responses in the Tg+ mice. The airway epithelium-specific HMGB1-deficient mice were generated and the effects of HMGB1 deletion on immune cell recruitment, airway epithelial cell composition, mucous cell metaplasia, and bacterial clearance were determined. The airway epithelium-specific deletion of HMGB1 in wild-type (WT) mice did not result in any morphological alterations in the airway epithelium. The deficiency of HMGB1 in airway epithelial cells in the Tg+ mice, however, resulted in significantly increased infiltration of macrophages, neutrophils, and eosinophils which was associated with significantly higher levels of inflammatory mediators, including G-CSF, KC, MIP-2, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, IP-10, and TNF-α in the airspaces. Furthermore, as compared to the HMGB1-sufficient Tg+ mice, the airway epithelial cell-specific HMGB1-deficient Tg+ mice exhibited poor resolution of spontaneous bacterial infection. The HMGB1 deficiency in the airway epithelial cells of Tg+ mice did not alter airway epithelial cell-specific responses including epithelial cell proliferation, mucous cell metaplasia, and mucus obstruction. Collectively, our findings provide novel insights into the role of airway epithelial cell-derived HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of CF-like lung disease in Tg+ mice.
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30
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Sagel SD, Kupfer O, Wagner BD, Davis SD, Dell SD, Ferkol TW, Hoppe JE, Rosenfeld M, Sullivan KM, Tiddens HAWM, Knowles MR, Leigh MW. Airway Inflammation in Children with Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2023; 20:67-74. [PMID: 35984413 PMCID: PMC9819265 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202204-314oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The role of airway inflammation in disease pathogenesis in children with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is poorly understood. Objectives: We investigated relationships between sputum inflammation measurements, age, lung function, bronchiectasis, airway infection, and ultrastructural defects in children with PCD. Methods: Spontaneously expectorated sputum was collected from clinically stable children and adolescents with PCD ages 6 years and older participating in a multicenter, observational study. Sputum protease and inflammatory cytokine concentrations were correlated with age, lung function, and chest computed tomography measures of structural lung disease, whereas differences in concentrations were compared between ultrastructural defect categories and between those with and without detectable bacterial infection. Results: Sputum from 77 children with PCD (39 females [51%]; mean [standard deviation] age, 13.9 [4.9] yr; mean [standard deviation] forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1]% predicted, 80.8 [20.5]) was analyzed. Sputum inflammatory marker measurements, including neutrophil elastase activity, IL-1β (interleukin-1β), IL-8, and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor α) concentrations, correlated positively with age, percentage of bronchiectasis, and percentage of total structural lung disease on computed tomography, and negatively with lung function. Correlations between neutrophil elastase concentrations and FEV1% predicted and percentage of bronchiectasis were -0.32 (95% confidence interval, -0.51 to -0.10) and 0.46 (0.14 to 0.69), respectively. Sputum neutrophil elastase, IL-1β, and TNF-α concentrations were higher in those with detectable bacterial pathogens. Participants with absent inner dynein arm and microtubular disorganization had similar inflammatory profiles compared with participants with outer dynein arm defects. Conclusions: In this multicenter pediatric PCD cohort, elevated concentrations of sputum proteases and cytokines were associated with impaired lung function and structural damage as determined by chest computed tomography, suggesting that sputum inflammatory measurements could serve as biomarkers in PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott D. Sagel
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Oren Kupfer
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Brandie D. Wagner
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado
| | | | - Sharon D. Dell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Thomas W. Ferkol
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jordana E. Hoppe
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Margaret Rosenfeld
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; and
| | - Kelli M. Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Harm A. W. M. Tiddens
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Erasmus MC‐Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael R. Knowles
- Department of Medicine, Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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31
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Preventing Continuous Damage in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia: Is Airway Inflammation a Potential Target? Ann Am Thorac Soc 2023; 20:26-27. [PMID: 36584988 PMCID: PMC9819273 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202209-782ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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32
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Wagner C, Balázs A, Schatterny J, Zhou-Suckow Z, Duerr J, Schultz C, Mall MA. Genetic Deletion of Mmp9 Does Not Reduce Airway Inflammation and Structural Lung Damage in Mice with Cystic Fibrosis-like Lung Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13405. [PMID: 36362203 PMCID: PMC9657231 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9) and neutrophil elastase (NE) are associated with bronchiectasis and lung function decline in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). MMP-9 is a potent extracellular matrix-degrading enzyme which is activated by NE and has been implicated in structural lung damage in CF. However, the role of MMP-9 in the in vivo pathogenesis of CF lung disease is not well understood. Therefore, we used β-epithelial Na+ channel-overexpressing transgenic (βENaC-Tg) mice as a model of CF-like lung disease and determined the effect of genetic deletion of Mmp9 (Mmp9-/-) on key aspects of the pulmonary phenotype. We found that MMP-9 levels were elevated in the lungs of βENaC-Tg mice compared with wild-type littermates. Deletion of Mmp9 had no effect on spontaneous mortality, inflammatory markers in bronchoalveolar lavage, goblet cell metaplasia, mucus hypersecretion and emphysema-like structural lung damage, while it partially reduced mucus obstruction in βENaC-Tg mice. Further, lack of Mmp9 had no effect on increased inspiratory capacity and increased lung compliance in βENaC-Tg mice, whereas both lung function parameters were improved with genetic deletion of NE. We conclude that MMP-9 does not play a major role in the in vivo pathogenesis of CF-like lung disease in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudius Wagner
- Department of Translational Pulmonology, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anita Balázs
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jolanthe Schatterny
- Department of Translational Pulmonology, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhe Zhou-Suckow
- Department of Translational Pulmonology, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Duerr
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Schultz
- Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Marcus A. Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Associated Partner Site, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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Hill DB, Button B, Rubinstein M, Boucher RC. Physiology and pathophysiology of human airway mucus. Physiol Rev 2022; 102:1757-1836. [PMID: 35001665 PMCID: PMC9665957 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00004.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The mucus clearance system is the dominant mechanical host defense system of the human lung. Mucus is cleared from the lung by cilia and airflow, including both two-phase gas-liquid pumping and cough-dependent mechanisms, and mucus transport rates are heavily dependent on mucus concentration. Importantly, mucus transport rates are accurately predicted by the gel-on-brush model of the mucociliary apparatus from the relative osmotic moduli of the mucus and periciliary-glycocalyceal (PCL-G) layers. The fluid available to hydrate mucus is generated by transepithelial fluid transport. Feedback interactions between mucus concentrations and cilia beating, via purinergic signaling, coordinate Na+ absorptive vs Cl- secretory rates to maintain mucus hydration in health. In disease, mucus becomes hyperconcentrated (dehydrated). Multiple mechanisms derange the ion transport pathways that normally hydrate mucus in muco-obstructive lung diseases, e.g., cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), non-CF bronchiectasis (NCFB), and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). A key step in muco-obstructive disease pathogenesis is the osmotic compression of the mucus layer onto the airway surface with the formation of adherent mucus plaques and plugs, particularly in distal airways. Mucus plaques create locally hypoxic conditions and produce airflow obstruction, inflammation, infection, and, ultimately, airway wall damage. Therapies to clear adherent mucus with hydrating and mucolytic agents are rational, and strategies to develop these agents are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Hill
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Brian Button
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Michael Rubinstein
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Biomedical Engineering, Physics, and Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Richard C Boucher
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Cano Portillo C, Villacreses R, Thurman AL, Pezzulo AA, Zabner J, Thornell IM. FXYD3 facilitates Na + and liquid absorption across human airway epithelia by increasing the transport capacity of the Na/K ATPase. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1044-C1051. [PMID: 35993520 PMCID: PMC9529271 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00047.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Na/K ATPase activity is essential for ion transport across epithelia. FXYD3, a γ subunit of the Na/K ATPase, is expressed in the airway, but its function remains undetermined. Single-cell RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry revealed that FXYD3 localizes within the basolateral membrane of all airway epithelial cells. To study FXYD3 function, we reduced FXYD3 expression using siRNA. After permeabilizing the apical membrane with nystatin, epithelia pretreated with FXYD3-targeting siRNA had lower ouabain-sensitive short-circuit currents than control epithelia. FXYD3-targeting siRNA also reduced amiloride-sensitive short-circuit currents and liquid absorption across intact epithelia. These data are consistent with FXYD3 facilitating Na+ and liquid absorption. FXYD3 may be needed to maintain the high rates of Na+ and fluid absorption observed for airway and other FXYD3-expressing epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Cano Portillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Raul Villacreses
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Andrew L Thurman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Alejandro A Pezzulo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Joseph Zabner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Ian M Thornell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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The CFTR Amplifier Nesolicaftor Rescues TGF-β1 Inhibition of Modulator-Corrected F508del CFTR Function. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810956. [PMID: 36142862 PMCID: PMC9504033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly effective cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators have led to dramatic improvements in lung function in many people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF). However, the efficacy of CFTR modulators may be hindered by persistent airway inflammation. The cytokine transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) is associated with worse pulmonary disease in PwCF and can diminish modulator efficacy. Thus, strategies to augment the CFTR response to modulators in an inflammatory environment are needed. Here, we tested whether the CFTR amplifier nesolicaftor (or PTI-428) could rescue the effects of TGF-β1 on CFTR function and ciliary beating in primary human CF bronchial epithelial (CFBE) cells. CFBE cells homozygous for F508del were treated with the combination of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) and TGF-β1 in the presence and absence of nesolicaftor. Nesolicaftor augmented the F508del CFTR response to ETI and reversed TGF-β1-induced reductions in CFTR conductance by increasing the expression of CFTR mRNA. Nesolicaftor further rescued the reduced ciliary beating and increased expression of the cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 caused by TGF-β1. Finally, nesolicaftor augmented the F508del CFTR response to ETI in CFBE cells overexpressing miR-145, a negative regulator of CFTR expression. Thus, CFTR amplifiers, but only when used with highly effective modulators, may provide benefit in an inflamed environment.
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Ash JJ, Hilkin BM, Gansemer ND, Hoffman EA, Zabner J, Stoltz DA, Abou Alaiwa MH. Tromethamine improves mucociliary clearance in cystic fibrosis pigs. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15340. [PMID: 36073059 PMCID: PMC9453173 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In cystic fibrosis (CF), the loss of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mediated Cl- and HCO3 - secretion across the epithelium acidifies the airway surface liquid (ASL). Acidic ASL alters two key host defense mechanisms: Rapid ASL bacterial killing and mucociliary transport (MCT). Aerosolized tromethamine (Tham) increases ASL pH and restores the ability of ASL to rapidly kill bacteria in CF pigs. In CF pigs, clearance of insufflated microdisks is interrupted due to abnormal mucus causing microdisks to abruptly recoil. Aerosolizing a reducing agent to break disulfide bonds that link mucins improves MCT. Here, we are interested in restoring MCT in CF by aerosolizing Tham, a buffer with a pH of 8.4. Because Tham is hypertonic to serum, we use an acidified formulation as a control. We measure MCT by tracking the caudal movement of individual tantalum microdisks with serial chest computed tomography scans. Alkaline Tham improves microdisk clearance to within the range of that seen in non-CF pigs. It also partially reverses MCT defects, including reduced microdisk recoil and elapse time until they start moving after methacholine stimulation in CF pig airways. The effect is not due to hypertonicity, as it is not seen with acidified Tham or hypertonic saline. This finding indicates acidic ASL impairs CF MCT and suggests that alkalinization of ASL pH with inhaled Tham may improve CF airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamison J. Ash
- Department of Internal MedicinePappajohn Biomedical InstituteRoy J and Lucille A Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Brieanna M. Hilkin
- Department of Internal MedicinePappajohn Biomedical InstituteRoy J and Lucille A Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Nicholas D. Gansemer
- Department of Internal MedicinePappajohn Biomedical InstituteRoy J and Lucille A Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Eric A. Hoffman
- Department of RadiologyRoy J and Lucille A Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
- Roy J Carver, Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Joseph Zabner
- Department of Internal MedicinePappajohn Biomedical InstituteRoy J and Lucille A Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - David A. Stoltz
- Department of Internal MedicinePappajohn Biomedical InstituteRoy J and Lucille A Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
- Roy J Carver, Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsRoy J and Lucille A Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Mahmoud H. Abou Alaiwa
- Department of Internal MedicinePappajohn Biomedical InstituteRoy J and Lucille A Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
- Roy J Carver, Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
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Zhang T, Day NJ, Gaffrey M, Weitz KK, Attah K, Mimche PN, Paine R, Qian WJ, Helms MN. Regulation of hyperoxia-induced neonatal lung injury via post-translational cysteine redox modifications. Redox Biol 2022; 55:102405. [PMID: 35872399 PMCID: PMC9307955 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm infants and patients with lung disease often have excess fluid in the lungs and are frequently treated with oxygen, however long-term exposure to hyperoxia results in irreversible lung injury. Although the adverse effects of hyperoxia are mediated by reactive oxygen species, the full extent of the impact of hyperoxia on redox-dependent regulation in the lung is unclear. In this study, neonatal mice overexpressing the beta-subunit of the epithelial sodium channel (β-ENaC) encoded by Scnn1b and their wild type (WT; C57Bl6) littermates were utilized to study the pathogenesis of high fraction inspired oxygen (FiO2)-induced lung injury. Results showed that O2-induced lung injury in transgenic Scnn1b mice is attenuated following chronic O2 exposure. To test the hypothesis that reversible cysteine-redox-modifications of proteins play an important role in O2-induced lung injury, we performed proteome-wide profiling of protein S-glutathionylation (SSG) in both WT and Scnn1b overexpressing mice maintained at 21% O2 (normoxia) or FiO2 85% (hyperoxia) from birth to 11-15 days postnatal. Over 7700 unique Cys sites with SSG modifications were identified and quantified, covering more than 3000 proteins in the lung. In both mouse models, hyperoxia resulted in a significant alteration of the SSG levels of Cys sites belonging to a diverse range of proteins. In addition, substantial SSG changes were observed in the Scnn1b overexpressing mice exposed to hyperoxia, suggesting that ENaC plays a critically important role in cellular regulation. Hyperoxia-induced SSG changes were further supported by the results observed for thiol total oxidation, the overall level of reversible oxidation on protein cysteine residues. Differential analyses reveal that Scnn1b overexpression may protect against hyperoxia-induced lung injury via modulation of specific processes such as cell adhesion, blood coagulation, and proteolysis. This study provides a landscape view of protein oxidation in the lung and highlights the importance of redox regulation in O2-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Integrative Omics Group, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Nicholas J Day
- Integrative Omics Group, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Matthew Gaffrey
- Integrative Omics Group, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Karl K Weitz
- Integrative Omics Group, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Kwame Attah
- Integrative Omics Group, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Patrice N Mimche
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Robert Paine
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Integrative Omics Group, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
| | - My N Helms
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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Pieper M, Schulz-Hildebrandt H, Schmudde I, Quell KM, Laumonnier Y, Hüttmann G, König P. Intravital imaging of mucus transport in asthmatic mice using microscopic optical coherence tomography. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 323:L423-L430. [PMID: 35997279 PMCID: PMC9529266 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00455.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases. Mucus overproduction is consistently linked to asthma morbidity and mortality. Despite the knowledge of the importance of mucus, little data exists on how mucus is transported in asthma and the immediate effects of therapeutic intervention. We therefore used microscopic optical coherence tomography (mOCT) to study spontaneous and induced mucus transport in an interleukin-13 (IL-13) induced asthma mouse model and examined the effects of isotonic (0.9% NaCl) and hypertonic saline (7% NaCl) which are used to induce mucus transport in cystic fibrosis. Without intervention, no bulk mucus transport was observed by mOCT and no intraluminal mucus was detectable in the intrapulmonary airways by histology. Administration of ATP-g-S induced mucus secretion into the airway lumen, but did not result in bulk mucus transport in the trachea. Intraluminal secreted immobile mucus could be mobilized by administration of isotonic or hypertonic saline but hypertonic saline mobilized mucus more reliably than isotonic saline. Irrespective of saline concentration, the mucus was transported in mucus chunks. In contrast to isotonic saline solution, hypertonic saline solution alone was able to induce mucus secretion. In conclusion, mOCT is suitable to examine the effects of mucus-mobilizing therapies in vivo. Although hypertonic saline was more efficient in inducing mucus transport, it induced mucus secretion, which might explain its limited benefit in asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Pieper
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Airway Research Center North (ARCN), University of Lübeck, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hinnerk Schulz-Hildebrandt
- Airway Research Center North (ARCN), University of Lübeck, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Biomedical Optics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Inken Schmudde
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Airway Research Center North (ARCN), University of Lübeck, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Lübeck, Germany
| | - Katharina M Quell
- Airway Research Center North (ARCN), University of Lübeck, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Lübeck, Germany.,Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Yves Laumonnier
- Airway Research Center North (ARCN), University of Lübeck, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Lübeck, Germany.,Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gereon Hüttmann
- Airway Research Center North (ARCN), University of Lübeck, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Biomedical Optics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Peter König
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Airway Research Center North (ARCN), University of Lübeck, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Lübeck, Germany
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Greenwald MA, Wolfgang MC. The changing landscape of the cystic fibrosis lung environment: From the perspective of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022; 65:102262. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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40
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Kim N, Kwak G, Rodriguez J, Livraghi-Butrico A, Zuo X, Simon V, Han E, Shenoy SK, Pandey N, Mazur M, Birket SE, Kim A, Rowe SM, Boucher R, Hanes J, Suk JS. Inhaled gene therapy of preclinical muco-obstructive lung diseases by nanoparticles capable of breaching the airway mucus barrier. Thorax 2022; 77:812-820. [PMID: 34697091 PMCID: PMC9129924 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-215185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inhaled gene therapy of muco-obstructive lung diseases requires a strategy to achieve therapeutically relevant gene transfer to airway epithelium covered by particularly dehydrated and condensed mucus gel layer. Here, we introduce a synthetic DNA-loaded mucus-penetrating particle (DNA-MPP) capable of providing safe, widespread and robust transgene expression in in vivo and in vitro models of muco-obstructive lung diseases. METHODS We investigated the ability of DNA-MPP to mediate reporter and/or therapeutic transgene expression in lung airways of a transgenic mouse model of muco-obstructive lung diseases (ie, Scnn1b-Tg) and in air-liquid interface cultures of primary human bronchial epithelial cells harvested from an individual with cystic fibrosis. A plasmid designed to silence epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) hyperactivity, which causes airway surface dehydration and mucus stasis, was intratracheally administered via DNA-MPP to evaluate therapeutic effects in vivo with or without pretreatment with hypertonic saline, a clinically used mucus-rehydrating agent. RESULTS DNA-MPP exhibited marked greater reporter transgene expression compared with a mucus-impermeable formulation in in vivo and in vitro models of muco-obstructive lung diseases. DNA-MPP carrying ENaC-silencing plasmids provided efficient downregulation of ENaC and reduction of mucus burden in the lungs of Scnn1b-Tg mice, and synergistic impacts on both gene transfer efficacy and therapeutic effects were achieved when DNA-MPP was adjuvanted with hypertonic saline. DISCUSSION DNA-MPP constitutes one of the rare gene delivery systems providing therapeutically meaningful gene transfer efficacy in highly relevant in vivo and in vitro models of muco-obstructive lung diseases due to its unique ability to efficiently penetrate airway mucus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namho Kim
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Gijung Kwak
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jason Rodriguez
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alessandra Livraghi-Butrico
- Marisco Lung Institute and Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xinyuan Zuo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Valentina Simon
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eric Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Siddharth Kaup Shenoy
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nikhil Pandey
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marina Mazur
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, The University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Susan E Birket
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, The University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Anthony Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Steven M Rowe
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, The University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Richard Boucher
- Marisco Lung Institute and Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Justin Hanes
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Environmental and Health Sciences, Oncology, Neurosurgery, and Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jung Soo Suk
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Blayac M, Coll P, Urbach V, Fanen P, Epaud R, Lanone S. The Impact of Air Pollution on the Course of Cystic Fibrosis: A Review. Front Physiol 2022; 13:908230. [PMID: 35721541 PMCID: PMC9202997 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.908230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a lethal and widespread autosomal recessive disorder affecting over 80,000 people worldwide. It is caused by mutations of the CFTR gene, which encodes an epithelial anion channel. CF is characterized by a great phenotypic variability which is currently not fully understood. Although CF is genetically determined, the course of the disease might also depend on multiple other factors. Air pollution, whose effects on health and contribution to respiratory diseases are well established, is one environmental factor suspected to modulate the disease severity and influence the lung phenotype of CF patients. This is of particular interest as pulmonary failure is the primary cause of death in CF. The present review discusses current knowledge on the impact of air pollution on CF pathogenesis and aims to explore the underlying cellular and biological mechanisms involved in these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Blayac
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, Creteil, France
| | - Patrice Coll
- Université Paris Cité and Univ Paris Est Créteil, CNRS, LISA, Paris, France
| | | | - Pascale Fanen
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, Creteil, France
- AP-HP, Hopital Henri-Mondor, Service Génétique, Creteil, France
| | - Ralph Epaud
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, Creteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Centre des Maladies Respiratoires Rares (RespiRare®)-CRCM, Creteil, France
| | - Sophie Lanone
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, Creteil, France
- *Correspondence: Sophie Lanone,
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Grubb BR, Livraghi-Butrico A. Animal models of cystic fibrosis in the era of highly effective modulator therapies. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022; 64:102235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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43
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Brown EF, Mitaera T, Fronius M. COVID-19 and Liquid Homeostasis in the Lung—A Perspective through the Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC) Lens. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111801. [PMID: 35681496 PMCID: PMC9180030 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections with a new corona virus in 2019 lead to the definition of a new disease known as Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The sever cases of COVID-19 and the main cause of death due to virus infection are attributed to respiratory distress. This is associated with the formation of pulmonary oedema that impairs blood oxygenation and hypoxemia as main symptoms of respiratory distress. An important player for the maintenance of a defined liquid environment in lungs needed for normal lung function is the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). The present article reviews the implications of SARS-CoV-2 infections from the perspective of impaired function of ENaC. The rationale for this perspective is derived from the recognition that viral spike protein and ENaC share a common proteolytic cleavage site. This cleavage site is utilized by the protease furin, that is essential for ENaC activity. Furin cleavage of spike ‘activates’ the virus protein to enable binding to host cell membrane receptors and initiate cell infection. Based on the importance of proteolytic cleavage for ENaC function and activation of spike, it seems feasible to assume that virus infections are associated with impaired ENaC activity. This is further supported by symptoms of COVID-19 that are reminiscent of impaired ENaC function in the respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F. Brown
- Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (E.F.B.); (T.M.)
- HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tamapuretu Mitaera
- Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (E.F.B.); (T.M.)
- HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Martin Fronius
- Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (E.F.B.); (T.M.)
- HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Healthy Hearts for Aotearoa New Zealand, Centre of Research Excellence, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Discovery, Centre of Research Excellence, New Zealand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +64-3-471-6081
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Recruitment of monocytes primed to express heme oxygenase-1 ameliorates pathological lung inflammation in cystic fibrosis. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:639-652. [PMID: 35581352 PMCID: PMC9166813 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00770-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Overwhelming neutrophilic inflammation is a leading cause of lung damage in many pulmonary diseases, including cystic fibrosis (CF). The heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)/carbon monoxide (CO) pathway mediates the resolution of inflammation and is defective in CF-affected macrophages (MΦs). Here, we provide evidence that systemic administration of PP-007, a CO releasing/O2 transfer agent, induces the expression of HO-1 in a myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)-dependent manner. It also rescues the reduced HO-1 levels in CF-affected cells induced in response to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA). Treatment of CF and muco-obstructive lung disease mouse models with a single clinically relevant dose of PP-007 leads to effective resolution of lung neutrophilia and to decreased levels of proinflammatory cytokines in response to LPS. Using HO-1 conditional knockout mice, we show that the beneficial effect of PP-007 is due to the priming of circulating monocytes trafficking to the lungs in response to infection to express high levels of HO-1. Finally, we show that PP-007 does not compromise the clearance of PA in the setting of chronic airway infection. Overall, we reveal the mechanism of action of PP-007 responsible for the immunomodulatory function observed in clinical trials for a wide range of diseases and demonstrate the potential use of PP-007 in controlling neutrophilic pulmonary inflammation by promoting the expression of HO-1 in monocytes/macrophages. The activity of an enzyme that is significantly reduced in cystic fibrosis (CF) could be boosted by an existing drug, reducing lung inflammation and associated tissue damage. Chronic inflammation in CF is currently treated using long-term corticosteroids which may leave patients immuno-suppressed, or high-dose ibuprofen, which is not well tolerated. Scientists hope to find alternative therapies targeting chronic inflammation. Emanuela Bruscia, Caterina Di Pietro (Yale University, New Haven, USA) and co-workers examined the mechanisms of action of the first-in-class drug PP-007 (Prolong Pharmaceuticals®) and assessed its potential for controlling inflammation in CF. Patients with CF have reduced expression of the heme oxygenase-1 enzyme in immune cells called monocytes. In CF mouse models, treatment with PP-007 boosted the expression of this enzyme in circulating monocytes. The treatment reduced levels of proinflammatory proteins and associated lung damage.
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Kota P. Sustained inhibition of ENaC in CF: Potential RNA-based therapies for mutation-agnostic treatment. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022; 64:102209. [PMID: 35483215 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Disruption of the equilibrium between ion secretion and absorption processes by the airway epithelium is central to many muco-obstructive lung diseases including cystic fibrosis (CF). Besides correction of defective folding and function of CFTR, inhibition of amiloride-sensitive epithelia sodium channels (ENaC) has emerged as a bona fide therapeutic strategy to improve mucociliary clearance in patients with CF. The short half-life of amiloride-based ENaC blockers and hyperosmotic therapies have led to the development of novel RNA-based interventions for targeted and sustained reduction of ENaC expression and function in preclinical models of CF. This review summarizes the recent advances in RNA therapeutics targeting ENaC for mutation-agnostic treatment of CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kota
- Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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The Effect of CFTR Modulators on Airway Infection in Cystic Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073513. [PMID: 35408875 PMCID: PMC8998472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of Cystic fibrosis transmembrane receptor (CFTR) modulators in 2012 was a critical event in the history of cystic fibrosis (CF) treatment. Unlike traditional therapies that target downstream effects of CFTR dysfunction, CFTR modulators aim to correct the underlying defect at the protein level. These genotype-specific therapies are now available for an increasing number of CF patients, transforming the way we view the condition from a life-limiting disease to one that can be effectively managed. Several studies have demonstrated the vast improvement CFTR modulators have on normalization of sweat chloride, CFTR function, clinical endpoints, and frequency of pulmonary exacerbation. However, their impact on other aspects of the disease, such as pathogenic burden and airway infection, remain under explored. Frequent airway infections as a result of increased susceptibility and impaired innate immune response are a serious problem within CF, often leading to accelerated decline in lung function and disease progression. Current evidence suggests that CFTR modulators are unable to eradicate pathogenic organisms in those with already established lung disease. However, this may not be the case for those with relatively low levels of disease progression and conserved microbial diversity, such as young patients. Furthermore, it remains unknown whether the restorative effects exerted by CFTR modulators extend to immune cells, such as phagocytes, which have the potential to modulate the response of people with CF (pwCF) to infection. Throughout this review, we look at the potential impact of CFTR modulators on airway infection in CF and their ability to shape impaired pulmonary defences to pathogens.
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Chakraborty A, Mastalerz M, Ansari M, Schiller HB, Staab-Weijnitz CA. Emerging Roles of Airway Epithelial Cells in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061050. [PMID: 35326501 PMCID: PMC8947093 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal disease with incompletely understood aetiology and limited treatment options. Traditionally, IPF was believed to be mainly caused by repetitive injuries to the alveolar epithelium. Several recent lines of evidence, however, suggest that IPF equally involves an aberrant airway epithelial response, which contributes significantly to disease development and progression. In this review, based on recent clinical, high-resolution imaging, genetic, and single-cell RNA sequencing data, we summarize alterations in airway structure, function, and cell type composition in IPF. We furthermore give a comprehensive overview on the genetic and mechanistic evidence pointing towards an essential role of airway epithelial cells in IPF pathogenesis and describe potentially implicated aberrant epithelial signalling pathways and regulation mechanisms in this context. The collected evidence argues for the investigation of possible therapeutic avenues targeting these processes, which thus represent important future directions of research.
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Luettich K, Sharma M, Yepiskoposyan H, Breheny D, Lowe FJ. An Adverse Outcome Pathway for Decreased Lung Function Focusing on Mechanisms of Impaired Mucociliary Clearance Following Inhalation Exposure. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 3:750254. [PMID: 35295103 PMCID: PMC8915806 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.750254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) help to organize available mechanistic information related to an adverse outcome into key events (KEs) spanning all organizational levels of a biological system(s). AOPs, therefore, aid in the biological understanding of a particular pathogenesis and also help with linking exposures to eventual toxic effects. In the regulatory context, knowledge of disease mechanisms can help design testing strategies using in vitro methods that can measure or predict KEs relevant to the biological effect of interest. The AOP described here evaluates the major processes known to be involved in regulating efficient mucociliary clearance (MCC) following exposures causing oxidative stress. MCC is a key aspect of the innate immune defense against airborne pathogens and inhaled chemicals and is governed by the concerted action of its functional components, the cilia and airway surface liquid (ASL). The AOP network described here consists of sequences of KEs that culminate in the modulation of ciliary beat frequency and ASL height as well as mucus viscosity and hence, impairment of MCC, which in turn leads to decreased lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsta Luettich
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Monita Sharma
- PETA Science Consortium International e.V., Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hasmik Yepiskoposyan
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Damien Breheny
- British American Tobacco (Investments) Ltd., Group Research and Development, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Frazer J Lowe
- Broughton Nicotine Services, Earby, Lancashire, United Kingdom
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Britto CJ. Charting a New Path: A Single-cell Atlas of Porcine CF Airways at Birth. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:585-586. [PMID: 35294854 PMCID: PMC9163641 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0065ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Clemente J Britto
- Yale University, 5755, Department of Internal Medicine. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States;
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Kiefer A, Plattner E, Ruppel R, Weiss C, Zhou-Suckow Z, Mall M, Renner M, Müller H. DMBT1 is upregulated in cystic fibrosis, affects ciliary motility, and is reduced by acetylcysteine. Mol Cell Pediatr 2022; 9:4. [PMID: 35249163 PMCID: PMC8898207 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-022-00136-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common genetic disorder in the Caucasian population. Despite remarkable improvements in morbidity and mortality during the last decades, the disease still limits survival and reduces quality of life of affected patients. Moreover, CF still represents substantial economic burden for healthcare systems. Inflammation and infection already start in early life and play important roles in pulmonary impairment. The aim of this study is to analyze the potential role of DMBT1, a protein with functions in inflammation, angiogenesis, and epithelial differentiation, in CF. RESULTS Immunohistochemically DMBT1 protein expression was upregulated in lung tissues of CF patients compared to healthy controls. Additionally, pulmonary expression of Dmbt1 was approximately 6-fold increased in an established transgenic mouse model of CF-like lung disease (ENaC tg) compared to wild-type mice as detected by qRT-PCR. Since acetylcysteine (ACC) has been shown to reduce inflammatory markers in the airways, its potential influence on DMBT1 expression was analyzed. A549 cells stably transfected with an expression plasmid encoding the largest (8kb) DMBT1 variant (DMBT1+ cells) or an empty vector control (DMBT1- cells) and incubated with ACC both showed significantly reduced DMBT1 concentrations in the culture medium (p = 0.0001). To further elucidate the function of DMBT1 in pulmonary airways, respiratory epithelial cells were examined by phase contrast microscopy. Addition of human recombinant DMBT1 resulted in altered cilia motility and irregular beat waves (p < 0.0001) suggesting a potential effect of DMBT1 on airway clearance. CONCLUSIONS DMBT1 is part of inflammatory processes in CF and may be used as a potential biomarker for CF lung disease and a potential tool to monitor CF progression. Furthermore, DMBT1 has a negative effect on ciliary motility thereby possibly compromising airway clearance. Application of ACC, leading to reduced DMBT1 concentrations, could be a potential therapeutic option for CF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kiefer
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Allergology, St. Hedwig's Hospital of the Order of St. John, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO), Steinmetzstr. 1-3, 93049, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Erika Plattner
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Renate Ruppel
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Department of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Zhe Zhou-Suckow
- Department of Translational Pulmonology, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Mall
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Renner
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanna Müller
- Department of Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University of Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043, Marburg, Germany. .,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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