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de Campos Ferreira R, Sagwal A, Doležal J, Canola S, Merino P, Neuman T, Švec M. Resonant Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy of a Single-Molecule Kondo System. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13164-13170. [PMID: 38711331 PMCID: PMC11112976 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) under ultrahigh vacuum and cryogenic conditions enables exploration of the relations between the adsorption geometry, electronic state, and vibrational fingerprints of individual molecules. TERS capability of reflecting spin states in open-shell molecular configurations is yet unexplored. Here, we use the tip of a scanning probe microscope to lift a perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecule from a metal surface to bring it into an open-shell spin one-half anionic state. We reveal a correlation between the appearance of a Kondo resonance in differential conductance spectroscopy and concurrent characteristic changes captured by the TERS measurements. Through a detailed investigation of various adsorbed and tip-contacted PTCDA scenarios, we infer that the Raman scattering on suspended PTCDA is resonant with a higher excited state. Theoretical simulation of the vibrational spectra enables a precise assignment of the individual TERS peaks to high-symmetry Ag modes, including the fingerprints of the observed spin state. These findings highlight the potential of TERS in capturing complex interactions between charge, spin, and photophysical properties in nanoscale molecular systems and suggest a pathway for designing single-molecule spin-optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amandeep Sagwal
- Institute
of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences; Cukrovarnická 10/112, Praha 6 CZ16200, Czech Republic
- Faculty
of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University; Ke Karlovu 3, Praha 2 CZ12116. Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Doležal
- Institute
of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences; Cukrovarnická 10/112, Praha 6 CZ16200, Czech Republic
- Institute
of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Sofia Canola
- Institute
of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences; Cukrovarnická 10/112, Praha 6 CZ16200, Czech Republic
| | - Pablo Merino
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid; CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid E28049, Spain
| | - Tomáš Neuman
- Institute
of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences; Cukrovarnická 10/112, Praha 6 CZ16200, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Švec
- Institute
of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences; Cukrovarnická 10/112, Praha 6 CZ16200, Czech Republic
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech
Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo náměstí 542/2. Praha 6 CZ16000, Czech Republic
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2
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He D, Zhang D, Yang L, Ye L, Xu RX, Zheng X. Unconventional Surface Doping Effect on the Spin State of an Adsorbed Magnetic Molecule. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:4333-4341. [PMID: 38619466 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic molecules adsorbed on two-dimensional (2D) substrates have attracted broad attention because of their potential applications in quantum device applications. Experimental observations have demonstrated substantial alteration in the spin excitation energy of iron phthalocyanine (FePc) molecules when adsorbed on nitrogen-doped graphene substrates. However, the underlying mechanism responsible for this notable change remains unclear. To shed light on this, we employ an embedding method and ab initio quantum chemistry calculations to investigate the effects of surface doping on molecular properties. Our study unveils an unconventional chemical bonding at the interface between the FePc molecule and the N-doped graphene. This bonding interaction, stronger than non-covalent interactions, significantly modifies the magnetic anisotropy energy of the adsorbed molecule, consistent with experimental observations. These findings provide valuable insights into the electronic and magnetic properties of molecules on 2D substrates, offering a promising pathway for precise manipulation of molecular spin states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei He
- Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale & Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Daochi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Longqing Yang
- Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale & Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Lyuzhou Ye
- Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale & Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Xue Xu
- Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale & Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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3
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Montenegro-Pohlhammer N, Cárdenas-Jirón G, Calzado CJ. Voltage-induced modulation of the magnetic exchange in binuclear Fe(III) complex deposited on Au(111) surface. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:6264-6274. [PMID: 38506048 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00580e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
We present a complete computational study devoted to the deposition of a magnetic binuclear complex on a metallic surface, aimed to obtain insight into the interaction of magnetically coupled complexes with their supporting substrates, as well as their response to external electrical stimuli applied through a surface-molecule-STM molecular junction-like architecture. Our results not only show that the deposition is favorable in two of the four studied orientations, but also, that the magnetic coupling is only slightly perturbed once the complex is adsorbed. We observe that the effects of the applied bias voltage on the magnetic coupling strongly depend on the molecule orientation with respect to the surface and the voltage polarity. Further analysis shows that this behavior is attributable to the stabilization/destabilization of the d-type singly occupied orbitals of the iron centers, reinforced by the strong local electric fields and induced charge densities only present in certain orientations of the deposited molecule and applied voltage polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Montenegro-Pohlhammer
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil, Facultad de Ingeniería, Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile.
- Universidad Bernardo OHiggins, Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), General Gana 1702, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gloria Cárdenas-Jirón
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | - Carmen J Calzado
- Departamento de Química Física. Universidad de Sevilla, c/Prof. García González, s/n 41012, Sevilla, Spain
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4
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Zhang J, Chen L, Li X, Cao H, Chen W, Wang X. Regulation Dipole Moments of N-Doped Graphene Coordinated with FePc Toward Highly Efficient Microwave Absorption Performance in C Band. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2308459. [PMID: 38348906 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The development of composites with highly efficient microwave absorption (MA) performance deeply depends on polarization loss, which can be induced by charge redistribution. Considering the fact that polarization centers can be easily obtained in graphene, herein, iron phthalocyanine (FePc) is used as polarization site to coordinate with nitrogen-doped graphene (FePc/N-rGO) to optimize MA performance comprehensively. The factors influencing MA properties focus on the interaction between FePc and N-rGO, and the change of dipole moments. The density functional theory (DFT) results demonstrated that FePc has strong interaction with N defect sites in graphene. The charge loss for FePc and charge accumulation for N-rGO occurred, leading to great increase of dipole moment, and the increased dipole moment can be acted as a descriptor to evaluate the enhanced polarization loss. Due to high charge redistribution capacity of N defect sites and FePc polarization centers, the FePc/N-rGO showed excellent MA properties in C band, and the minimum reflection loss value can reach -49.3 dB at 5.4 GHz with thickness of 3.8 mm. In addition, the fabric loaded with FePc/N-rGO showed good heat dissipation property. This work opens the door to the development of MA performance bound to polarization site with dipole moment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xing Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Haijie Cao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Wansong Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
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Oguz IC, Jaouen F, Mineva T. Exploring Spin Distribution and Electronic Properties in FeN 4-Graphene Catalysts with Edge Terminations. Molecules 2024; 29:479. [PMID: 38257393 PMCID: PMC11154451 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the spin distribution in FeN4-doped graphene nanoribbons with zigzag and armchair terminations is crucial for tuning the electronic properties of graphene-supported non-platinum catalysts. Since the spin-polarized carbon and iron electronic states may act together to change the electronic properties of the doped graphene, we provide in this work a systematic evaluation using a periodic density-functional theory-based method of the variation of spin-moment distribution and electronic properties with the position and orientation of the FeN4 defects, and the edge terminations of the graphene nanoribbons. Antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic spin ordering of the zigzag edges were considered. We reveal that the electronic structures in both zigzag and armchair geometries are very sensitive to the location of FeN4 defects, changing from semi-conducting (in-plane defect location) to half-metallic (at-edge defect location). The introduction of FeN4 defects at edge positions cancels the known dependence of the magnetic and electronic proper-ties of undoped graphene nanoribbons on their edge geometries. The implications of the reported results for catalysis are also discussed in view of the presented electronic and magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tzonka Mineva
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France; (I.C.O.); (F.J.)
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6
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Jiménez-Martín A, Gallardo A, de la Torre B. Coverage-modulated halogen bond geometry transformation in supramolecular assemblies. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:16354-16361. [PMID: 37786923 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03899h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Halogen bonding (HB) has emerged as a promising route for designing supramolecular assemblies due to its directional nature and versatility in modifying interactions through the choice of halogens and molecular entities. Despite this, methods for tuning these interactions on surfaces, particularly in terms of directionality, are limited. In this study, we present a strategy for tuning the directionality of self-assembly processes in homomolecular organic compounds on inert metal surfaces. A variety of halogen-halogen geometries can promote highly-extended one-dimensional or two-dimensional self-assembly depending on the molecular coverage. Our results indicate that under lower molecular coverage conditions, robust one-dimensional (1D) structures promote the self-assembly of halogen-bonded molecules on Au(111). At certain coverage, a transformation from type-I to synthon halogen bonding is observed, leading to an extended hexagonal pattern of molecular assembly. The atomistic details of the structures are experimentally studied using high-resolution atomic force microscopy and supported by first-principle calculations. We employed DFT to evaluate the interplay between electrostatics and dispersion forces driving both type-I and synthon assemblies. The results reveal a halogen-bond geometry transformation induced by a subtle balance of molecule-molecule interaction. Finally, we investigate the capability of the halogen-bonded supramolecular assembly to periodically confine electronic quantum states and single atoms. Our findings demonstrate the versatility of sigma-bonding in regulating molecular assembly and provide new insights for tailoring functional molecular structures on an inert metal substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Jiménez-Martín
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University, 11519 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 16200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Aurelio Gallardo
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 16200 Prague, Czech Republic
- IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Bruno de la Torre
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 16200 Prague, Czech Republic
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7
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Li T, Bandari VK, Schmidt OG. Molecular Electronics: Creating and Bridging Molecular Junctions and Promoting Its Commercialization. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209088. [PMID: 36512432 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Molecular electronics is driven by the dream of expanding Moore's law to the molecular level for next-generation electronics through incorporating individual or ensemble molecules into electronic circuits. For nearly 50 years, numerous efforts have been made to explore the intrinsic properties of molecules and develop diverse fascinating molecular electronic devices with the desired functionalities. The flourishing of molecular electronics is inseparable from the development of various elegant methodologies for creating nanogap electrodes and bridging the nanogap with molecules. This review first focuses on the techniques for making lateral and vertical nanogap electrodes by breaking, narrowing, and fixed modes, and highlights their capabilities, applications, merits, and shortcomings. After summarizing the approaches of growing single molecules or molecular layers on the electrodes, the methods of constructing a complete molecular circuit are comprehensively grouped into three categories: 1) directly bridging one-molecule-electrode component with another electrode, 2) physically bridging two-molecule-electrode components, and 3) chemically bridging two-molecule-electrode components. Finally, the current state of molecular circuit integration and commercialization is discussed and perspectives are provided, hoping to encourage the community to accelerate the realization of fully scalable molecular electronics for a new era of integrated microsystems and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianming Li
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09111, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Vineeth Kumar Bandari
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09111, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Oliver G Schmidt
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09111, Chemnitz, Germany
- Nanophysics, Dresden University of Technology, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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8
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Amini M, Silveira OJ, Vaňo V, Lado JL, Foster AS, Liljeroth P, Kezilebieke S. Control of Molecular Orbital Ordering Using a van der Waals Monolayer Ferroelectric. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2206456. [PMID: 36526444 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
2D ferroelectric materials provide a promising platform for the electrical control of quantum states. In particular, due to their 2D nature, they are suitable for influencing the quantum states of deposited molecules via the proximity effect. Here, electrically controllable molecular states in phthalocyanine molecules adsorbed on monolayer ferroelectric material SnTe are reported. The strain and ferroelectric order in SnTe are found to create a transition between two distinct orbital orders in the adsorbed phthalocyanine molecules. By controlling the polarization of the ferroelectric domain using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), it is successfully demonstrated that orbital order can be manipulated electrically. The results show how ferroelastic coupling in 2D systems allows for control of molecular states, providing a starting point for ferroelectrically switchable molecular orbital ordering and ultimately, electrical control of molecular magnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amini
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Orlando J Silveira
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Viliam Vaňo
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Jose L Lado
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Adam S Foster
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Peter Liljeroth
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Shawulienu Kezilebieke
- Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
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9
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Chen J, Wang C, Li H, Xu X, Yang J, Huo Z, Wang L, Zhang W, Xiao X, Ma Y. Recent Advances in Surface Modifications of Elemental Two-Dimensional Materials: Structures, Properties, and Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010200. [PMID: 36615394 PMCID: PMC9822514 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The advent of graphene opens up the research into two-dimensional (2D) materials, which are considered revolutionary materials. Due to its unique geometric structure, graphene exhibits a series of exotic physical and chemical properties. In addition, single-element-based 2D materials (Xenes) have garnered tremendous interest. At present, 16 kinds of Xenes (silicene, borophene, germanene, phosphorene, tellurene, etc.) have been explored, mainly distributed in the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth main groups. The current methods to prepare monolayers or few-layer 2D materials include epitaxy growth, mechanical exfoliation, and liquid phase exfoliation. Although two Xenes (aluminene and indiene) have not been synthesized due to the limitations of synthetic methods and the stability of Xenes, other Xenes have been successfully created via elaborate artificial design and synthesis. Focusing on elemental 2D materials, this review mainly summarizes the recently reported work about tuning the electronic, optical, mechanical, and chemical properties of Xenes via surface modifications, achieved using controllable approaches (doping, adsorption, strain, intercalation, phase transition, etc.) to broaden their applications in various fields, including spintronics, electronics, optoelectronics, superconducting, photovoltaics, sensors, catalysis, and biomedicines. These advances in the surface modification of Xenes have laid a theoretical and experimental foundation for the development of 2D materials and their practical applications in diverse fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Matt Science, Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Chenhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Matt Science, Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Lab of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiangang Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhe Huo
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Matt Science, Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Matt Science, Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Matt Science, Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (X.X.); (Y.M.)
| | - Xudong Xiao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (X.X.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yaping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Matt Science, Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (X.X.); (Y.M.)
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10
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Telychko M, Noori K, Biswas H, Dulal D, Chen Z, Lyu P, Li J, Tsai HZ, Fang H, Qiu Z, Yap ZW, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Wu J, Loh KP, Crommie MF, Rodin A, Lu J. Gate-Tunable Resonance State and Screening Effects for Proton-Like Atomic Charge in Graphene. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:8422-8429. [PMID: 36214509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The ability to create a robust and well-defined artificial atomic charge in graphene and understand its carrier-dependent electronic properties represents an important goal toward the development of graphene-based quantum devices. Herein, we devise a new pathway toward the atomically precise embodiment of point charges into a graphene lattice by posterior (N) ion implantation into a back-gated graphene device. The N dopant behaves as an in-plane proton-like charge manifested by formation of the characteristic resonance state in the conduction band. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements at varied charge carrier densities reveal a giant energetic renormalization of the resonance state up to 220 meV with respect to the Dirac point, accompanied by the observation of gate-tunable long-range screening effects close to individual N dopants. Joint density functional theory and tight-binding calculations with modified perturbation potential corroborate experimental findings and highlight the short-range character of N-induced perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykola Telychko
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Keian Noori
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, 117544, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Hillol Biswas
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore
| | - Dikshant Dulal
- Yale-NUS College, 16 College Avenue West, 138527, Singapore
| | - Zhaolong Chen
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, 117544, Singapore
| | - Pin Lyu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jing Li
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Hsin-Zon Tsai
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley94720, California, United States
| | - Hanyan Fang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhizhan Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhun Wai Yap
- Yale-NUS College, 16 College Avenue West, 138527, Singapore
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba305-0044, Japan
| | - Jing Wu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 08-03, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore138634, Singapore
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Michael F Crommie
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley94720, California, United States
| | - Aleksandr Rodin
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Yale-NUS College, 16 College Avenue West, 138527, Singapore
| | - Jiong Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, 117544, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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11
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Gao F, Li D, Barreteau C, Brandbyge M. Proposal for All-Electrical Spin Manipulation and Detection for a Single Molecule on Boron-Substituted Graphene. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:027201. [PMID: 35867446 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.027201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
All-electrical writing and reading of spin states attract considerable attention for their promising applications in energy-efficient spintronics devices. Here we show, based on rigorous first-principles calculations, that the spin properties can be manipulated and detected in molecular spinterfaces, where an iron tetraphenyl porphyrin (FeTPP) molecule is deposited on boron-substituted graphene (BG). Notably, a reversible spin switching between the S=1 and S=3/2 states is achieved by a gate electrode. We can trace the origin to a strong hybridization between the Fe-d_{z^{2}} and B-p_{z} orbitals. Combining density functional theory with nonequilibrium Green's function formalism, we propose an experimentally feasible three-terminal setup to probe the spin state. Furthermore, we show how the in-plane quantum transport for the BG, which is non-spin polarized, can be modified by FeTPP, yielding a significant transport spin polarization near the Fermi energy (>10% for typical coverage). Our work paves the way to realize all-electrical spintronics devices using molecular spinterfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Dongzhe Li
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse, France
| | - Cyrille Barreteau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, SPEC, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mads Brandbyge
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Center for Nanostructured Graphene, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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12
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Lo R, Manna D, Hobza P. P-Doped graphene-C 60 nanocomposite: a donor-acceptor complex with a P-C dative bond. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1045-1048. [PMID: 34981090 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05737e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorous-doped graphene can form a covalent dative bond with the electron acceptor, C60 molecule. On the other hand, C60 on graphene and N-doped graphene surfaces can only form vdW complexes. State-of-the-art quantum-chemical techniques have been used to characterise the nature of the P-C dative bond. A considerable amount of charge transfer from the P-Gr surface to C60 has been observed. This complex formation may enable enhancement in the optical limiting response with potential application in energy harvesting. The stability of the P-C dative bond has been assessed using DFT-D molecular dynamics simulations at 300 K for 10 ps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabindranath Lo
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic. .,Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Křížkovského 511/8, Olomouc 77900, Czech Republic
| | - Debashree Manna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic. .,Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Universsity of Technology, West Bengal (formerly known as West Bengal University of Technology) Simhat, Haringhata-741249, WB, India
| | - Pavel Hobza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic. .,IT4Innovations, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 70800 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
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13
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Biswas K, Urgel JI, Xu K, Ma J, Sánchez‐Grande A, Mutombo P, Gallardo A, Lauwaet K, Mallada B, Torre B, Matěj A, Gallego JM, Miranda R, Jelínek P, Feng X, Écija D. On‐Surface Synthesis of a Dicationic Diazahexabenzocoronene Derivative on the Au(111) Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Biswas
- IMDEA Nanoscience C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - José I. Urgel
- IMDEA Nanoscience C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Kun Xu
- Center for Advancing Electronics and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technical University of Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Ji Ma
- Center for Advancing Electronics and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technical University of Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Ana Sánchez‐Grande
- IMDEA Nanoscience C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Pingo Mutombo
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science CZ-16253 Praha Czech Republic
| | - Aurelio Gallardo
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science CZ-16253 Praha Czech Republic
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University CZ-180 00 Praha Czech Republic
| | - Koen Lauwaet
- IMDEA Nanoscience C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Benjamin Mallada
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science CZ-16253 Praha Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Olomouc CZ-771 46 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Bruno Torre
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science CZ-16253 Praha Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Olomouc CZ-771 46 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Adam Matěj
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science CZ-16253 Praha Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Olomouc CZ-771 46 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - José M. Gallego
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- IMDEA Nanoscience C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science CZ-16253 Praha Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Olomouc CZ-771 46 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technical University of Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - David Écija
- IMDEA Nanoscience C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
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14
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Biswas K, Urgel JI, Xu K, Ma J, Sánchez-Grande A, Mutombo P, Gallardo A, Lauwaet K, Mallada B, de la Torre B, Matěj A, Gallego JM, Miranda R, Jelínek P, Feng X, Écija D. On-Surface Synthesis of a Dicationic Diazahexabenzocoronene Derivative on the Au(111) Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25551-25556. [PMID: 34546628 PMCID: PMC9298296 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The atomically precise control over the size, shape and structure of nanographenes (NGs) or the introduction of heteroatom dopants into their sp2 -carbon lattice confer them valuable electronic, optical and magnetic properties. Herein, we report on the design and synthesis of a hexabenzocoronene derivative embedded with graphitic nitrogen in its honeycomb lattice, achieved via on-surface assisted cyclodehydrogenation on the Au(111) surface. Combined scanning tunnelling microscopy/spectroscopy and non-contact atomic force microscopy investigations unveil the chemical and electronic structures of the obtained dicationic NG. Kelvin probe force microscopy measurements reveal a considerable variation of the local contact potential difference toward lower values with respect to the gold surface, indicative of its positive net charge. Altogether, we introduce the concept of cationic nitrogen doping of NGs on surfaces, opening new avenues for the design of novel carbon nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Biswas
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José I Urgel
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kun Xu
- Center for Advancing Electronics and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ji Ma
- Center for Advancing Electronics and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ana Sánchez-Grande
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pingo Mutombo
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, CZ-16253, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Aurelio Gallardo
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, CZ-16253, Praha, Czech Republic.,Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, CZ-180 00, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Koen Lauwaet
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Benjamin Mallada
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, CZ-16253, Praha, Czech Republic.,Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, CZ-771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Bruno de la Torre
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, CZ-16253, Praha, Czech Republic.,Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, CZ-771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Matěj
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, CZ-16253, Praha, Czech Republic.,Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, CZ-771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - José M Gallego
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, CZ-16253, Praha, Czech Republic.,Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, CZ-771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - David Écija
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Cahlík A, Hellerstedt J, Mendieta-Moreno JI, Švec M, Santhini VM, Pascal S, Soler-Polo D, Erlingsson SI, Výborný K, Mutombo P, Marsalek O, Siri O, Jelínek P. Significance Of Nuclear Quantum Effects In Hydrogen Bonded Molecular Chains. ACS NANO 2021; 15:10357-10365. [PMID: 34033457 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In hydrogen-bonded systems, nuclear quantum effects such as zero-point motion and tunneling can significantly affect their material properties through underlying physical and chemical processes. Presently, direct observation of the influence of nuclear quantum effects on the strength of hydrogen bonds with resulting structural and electronic implications remains elusive, leaving opportunities for deeper understanding to harness their fascinating properties. We studied hydrogen-bonded one-dimensional quinonediimine molecular networks which may adopt two isomeric electronic configurations via proton transfer. Herein, we demonstrate that concerted proton transfer promotes a delocalization of π-electrons along the molecular chain, which enhances the cohesive energy between molecular units, increasing the mechanical stability of the chain and giving rise to distinctive electronic in-gap states localized at the ends. These findings demonstrate the identification of a class of isomeric hydrogen-bonded molecular systems where nuclear quantum effects play a dominant role in establishing their chemical and physical properties. This identification is a step toward the control of mechanical and electronic properties of low-dimensional molecular materials via concerted proton tunneling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleš Cahlík
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Břehová 78/7, CZ-11519 Prague 1, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jack Hellerstedt
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jesús I Mendieta-Moreno
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Švec
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vijai M Santhini
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Simon Pascal
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, UMR 7325, Campus de Luminy, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09 France
| | - Diego Soler-Polo
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus Cantoblanco, ES-28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sigurdur I Erlingsson
- School of Science and Engineering, Reykjavik University, Menntavegi 1, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Karel Výborný
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pingo Mutombo
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Petrochemistry and Refining, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Ondrej Marsalek
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Ke Karlovu 3, CZ-12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Olivier Siri
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, UMR 7325, Campus de Luminy, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09 France
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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16
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Amsterdam SH, Marks TJ, Hersam MC. Leveraging Molecular Properties to Tailor Mixed-Dimensional Heterostructures beyond Energy Level Alignment. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:4543-4557. [PMID: 33970639 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The surface sensitivity and lack of dielectric screening in two-dimensional (2D) materials provide numerous intriguing opportunities to tailor their properties using adsorbed π-electron organic molecules. These organic-2D mixed-dimensional heterojunctions are often considered solely in terms of their energy level alignment, i.e., the relative energies of the frontier molecular orbitals versus the 2D material conduction and valence band edges. While this simple model is frequently adequate to describe doping and photoinduced charge transfer, the tools of molecular chemistry enable additional manipulation of properties in organic-2D heterojunctions that are not accessible in other solid-state systems. Fully exploiting these possibilities requires consideration of the details of the organic adlayer beyond its energy level alignment, including hybridization and electrostatics, molecular orientation and thin-film morphology, nonfrontier orbitals and defects, excitonic states, spin, and chirality. This Perspective explores how these relatively overlooked molecular properties offer unique opportunities for tuning optical and electronic characteristics, thereby guiding the rational design of organic-2D mixed-dimensional heterojunctions with emergent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel H Amsterdam
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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17
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Tretyakov EV, Lomanovich KA, Bagryanskaya EG, Romanenko GV, Bogomyakov AS, Zueva EM, Petrova MM, Dmitriev AA, Gritsan NP. 2‐(8‐Iodonaphthalen‐1‐yl)‐Substituted Nitronyl Nitroxide: Suppressed Reactivity of Iodine Atom and Unusual Temperature Dynamics of the EPR Spectrum. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny V. Tretyakov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Prospect, 47 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Konstantin A. Lomanovich
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 9 Ac. Lavrentiev Avenue Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Elena G. Bagryanskaya
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 9 Ac. Lavrentiev Avenue Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Galina V. Romanenko
- International Tomography Center Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 3a Institutskaya Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Artem S. Bogomyakov
- International Tomography Center Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 3a Institutskaya Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Ekaterina M. Zueva
- Kazan National Research Technological University 68 K. Marx Str. Kazan 420015 Russia
| | - Maria M. Petrova
- Kazan National Research Technological University 68 K. Marx Str. Kazan 420015 Russia
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 3 Institutskaya Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Nina P. Gritsan
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 3 Institutskaya Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
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18
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Zuzak R, Szymonski M, Godlewski S. Extended iron phthalocyanine islands self-assembled on a Ge(001):H surface. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 12:232-241. [PMID: 33747697 PMCID: PMC7940817 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.12.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of iron(II) phthalocyanine (FePc) molecules on a Ge(001):H surface results in monolayer islands extending over hundreds of nanometers and comprising upright-oriented entities. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy reveals a transport gap of 2.70 eV in agreement with other reports regarding isolated FePc molecules. Detailed analysis of single FePc molecules trapped at surface defects indicates that the molecules stay intact upon adsorption and can be manipulated away from surface defects onto a perfectly hydrogenated surface. This allows for their isolation from the germanium surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Zuzak
- Centre for Nanometer-Scale Science and Advanced Materials, NANOSAM, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, PL 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Szymonski
- Centre for Nanometer-Scale Science and Advanced Materials, NANOSAM, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, PL 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Szymon Godlewski
- Centre for Nanometer-Scale Science and Advanced Materials, NANOSAM, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, PL 30-348 Kraków, Poland
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19
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Castelli M, Hellerstedt J, Krull C, Gicev S, Hollenberg LCL, Usman M, Schiffrin A. Long-Range Surface-Assisted Molecule-Molecule Hybridization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2005974. [PMID: 33576182 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metalated phthalocyanines (Pc's) are robust and versatile molecular complexes, whose properties can be tuned by changing their functional groups and central metal atom. The electronic structure of magnesium Pc (MgPc)-structurally and electronically similar to chlorophyll-adsorbed on the Ag(100) surface is investigated by low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, non-contact atomic force microscopy, and density functional theory. Single, isolated MgPc's exhibit a flat, fourfold rotationally symmetric morphology, with doubly degenerate, partially populated (due to surface-to-molecule electron transfer) lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs). In contrast, MgPc's with neighbouring molecules in proximity undergo a lift of LUMOs degeneracy, with a near-Fermi local density of states with reduced twofold rotational symmetry, indicative of a long-range attractive intermolecular interaction. The latter is assigned to a surface-mediated two-step electronic hybridization process. First, LUMOs interact with Ag(100) conduction electrons, forming hybrid molecule-surface orbitals with enhanced spatial extension. Then, these delocalized molecule-surface states further hybridize with those of neighbouring molecules. This work highlights how the electronic structure of molecular adsorbates-including orbital degeneracies and symmetries-can be significantly altered via surface-mediated intermolecular hybridization, over extended distances (beyond 3 nm), having important implications for prospects of molecule-based solid-state technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Castelli
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Jack Hellerstedt
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Cornelius Krull
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Spiro Gicev
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Lloyd C L Hollenberg
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- School of Computing and Information Systems, Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Agustin Schiffrin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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20
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Wang Y, Wang Z, Yang J, Li X. Precise Spin Manipulation of Single Molecule Positioning on Graphene by Coordination Chemistry. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:9819-9827. [PMID: 33156628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Precise spin manipulation of single molecules is crucial for future molecular spintronics. However, it has been a formidable challenge due to the complexities of the strong molecule-substrate coupling as well as the response of the molecule to external stimulus. Here we demonstrate by density functional theory calculations that precise spin manipulation can be achieved by extra CO and NO molecules coordination to transition metal phthalocyanine (TMPc) (TM = Co, Fe, Mn) molecules deposited on metal-supported graphene; the spins of TMPc molecules are switched from S to S - 1/2 (|S - 1|) after NO (CO) coordination. With the aid of a combination of molecular orbitals (MO) theory and recently developed principal interacting spin-orbital (PISO) analysis, the impacts of NO and CO coordinations on both adsorption configuration and spin polarization of TMPc are well elucidated. We reveal the different coordination geometries that CO always coordinates axially to the TM center with a linear geometry, while NO prefers a bent geometry, which can be attributed to the competition between the σ- and π-type interactions according to the PISO analysis. Particularly, the NO-MnPc complex adopts a bent geometry deviating from the prediction by the existing Enemark-Feltham formalism. In addition, MO analysis suggests that during the CO coordination, the simultaneous existence of σ-donation and π-back-donation promotes electrons flowing from the dz2 to partially occupied dπ (dxz and dxz) orbitals with subsequent reordering of the TM d-orbitals, resulting in the spin transition of S → |S - 1|. In comparison, given that NO is regarded as NO- when it adopts a bent geometry coordinating to the TM center, the complete (CoPc) or partial (FePc and MnPc) quenching of the molecular spins caused by NO coordination is attributed to the electron transfer from TM to NO. These theoretical findings provide important insights into relevant experiments and offer an effective design strategy to realize underlying single-molecular spintronics devices integrated with two-dimensional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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21
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Bouatou M, Harsh R, Joucken F, Chacon C, Repain V, Bellec A, Girard Y, Rousset S, Sporken R, Gao F, Brandbyge M, Dappe YJ, Barreteau C, Smogunov A, Lagoute J. Intraconfigurational Transition due to Surface-Induced Symmetry Breaking in Noncovalently Bonded Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:9329-9335. [PMID: 33089985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of molecules with surfaces plays a crucial role in the electronic and chemical properties of supported molecules and needs a comprehensive description of interfacial effects. Here, we unveil the effect of the substrate on the electronic configuration of iron porphyrin molecules on Au(111) and graphene, and we provide a physical picture of the molecule-surface interaction. We show that the frontier orbitals derive from different electronic states depending on the substrate. The origin of this difference comes from molecule-substrate orbital selective coupling caused by reduced symmetry and interaction with the substrate. The weak interaction on graphene keeps a ground state configuration close to the gas phase, while the stronger interaction on gold stabilizes another electronic solution. Our findings reveal the origin of the energy redistribution of molecular states for noncovalently bonded molecules on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Bouatou
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Rishav Harsh
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Joucken
- Research Center in Physics of Matter and Radiation (PMR), Université de Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Cyril Chacon
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Repain
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Amandine Bellec
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Yann Girard
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Rousset
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Robert Sporken
- Research Center in Physics of Matter and Radiation (PMR), Université de Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Fei Gao
- Center for Nanostructured Graphene, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mads Brandbyge
- Center for Nanostructured Graphene, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yannick J Dappe
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Cyrille Barreteau
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Alexander Smogunov
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Jérôme Lagoute
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
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22
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Bouatou M, Mondal S, Chacon C, Joucken F, Girard Y, Repain V, Bellec A, Rousset S, Narasimhan S, Sporken R, Dappe YJ, Lagoute J. Direct Observation of the Reduction of a Molecule on Nitrogen Pairs in Doped Graphene. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:6908-6913. [PMID: 32830982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating functional atomic sites in graphene is essential for realizing advanced two-dimensional materials. Doping graphene with nitrogen offers the opportunity to tune its chemical activity with significant charge redistribution occurring between molecules and substrate. The necessary atomic scale understanding of how this depends on the spatial distribution of dopants, as well as their positions relative to the molecule, can be provided by scanning tunneling microscopy. Here we show that a noncovalently bonded molecule such as CoPc undergoes a variable charge transfer when placed on N-doped graphene; on a nitrogen pair, it undergoes a redox reaction with an integral charge transfer whereas a lower fractional charge transfer occurs over a single nitrogen. Thus, the charge state of molecules can be tuned by suitably tailoring the conformation of dopant atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Bouatou
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Sourav Mondal
- Theoretical Sciences Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Cyril Chacon
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Joucken
- Research Center in Physics of Matter and Radiation (PMR), Université de Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Yann Girard
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Repain
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Amandine Bellec
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Rousset
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Shobhana Narasimhan
- Theoretical Sciences Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Robert Sporken
- Research Center in Physics of Matter and Radiation (PMR), Université de Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Yannick J Dappe
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Jérôme Lagoute
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75013, Paris, France
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23
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Melchakova I, Kuklin A, Avramov P. Towards spin quantum materials: Structure and potential energy profiles of weakly interacting arrays of iron porphyrin complexes at graphene armchair nanoribbon. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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24
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Liu S, Zhou K, Yuan T, Lei W, Chen HY, Wang X, Wang W. Imaging the Thermal Hysteresis of Single Spin-Crossover Nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15852-15859. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Tinglian Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wenrui Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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25
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Sarmah A, Hobza P. Mechanical force-induced manipulation of electronic conductance in a spin-crossover complex: a simple approach to molecular electronics. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:2907-2913. [PMID: 36132398 PMCID: PMC9417810 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00285b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The atomic-scale technological sophistication from the last half-decade provides new avenues for the atom-by-atom fabrication of nanostructures with extraordinary precision. This urges the appraisal of the fabrication scheme layout for a modular nanoelectronic device based on an individual molecular complex. The mechanical force-induced distortion to the metal coordination sphere triggers a low-spin (LS) to high-spin (HS) electronic transition in the complex. The controlled structural distortions (relative to a specific bond-angle) are deemed to be the switching parameter for the observed spin-transitions. Mechanical stretching is the key to engineering a spin-state switch in the proposed molecular device. The spin-dependent reversible variation in the electronic conductance concurrent to the unique spin-states can be understood from the state-of-the-art Nonequilibrium Green's Function (NEGF) calculations. Combined with NEGF calculations, the DFT study further provides a qualitative perception of the electronic conductance in the two-terminal device architecture. From the transport calculations, there is also evidence of considerable fluctuation in the spin-dependent electronic conductance at the molecular junction with relative variations in the scattering limit. Subsequently, the present study shows significant advances in the transmission probabilities for the high-spin state of the Fe(ii) complex. The results empower the progress of nanoelectronics at the single molecule level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Sarmah
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nam. 2 CZ-16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic +420731015016
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University CZ-77146 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hobza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nam. 2 CZ-16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic +420731015016
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University CZ-77146 Olomouc Czech Republic
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26
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Sen D, Błoński P, de la Torre B, Jelínek P, Otyepka M. Thermally induced intra-molecular transformation and metalation of free-base porphyrin on Au(111) surface steered by surface confinement and ad-atoms. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:2986-2991. [PMID: 36132418 PMCID: PMC9417104 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00401d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigated chemical transformations of a fluorinated free-base porphyrin, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-fluorophenyl)-21,23H-porphyrin (2H-4FTPP) under a Au(111) surface confinement and including gold adatoms by using an experiment and density functional theory based first-principles calculations. Annealing of 2H-4FTPP led to cyclodehydrogenation of the molecule to a π-extended fused aromatic planar compound, 2H-4FPP, and metallation of the porphyrin ring by Au atoms to Au-4FPP complex. Noticeable lowering of bond-dissociation energies of the pyrrole's C-H bonds of the Au(111) supported molecule with respect to their values in the gas phase explained the observed on-surface planarization. Our findings also indicate that Au adatoms may catalyze cleavage of C-H/F bonds in temperature-initiated processes on Au surfaces. BDEs and explicit inclusion of Au adatoms helps to rationalize thermally induced chemical reactions on the respective surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipayan Sen
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Piotr Błoński
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Bruno de la Torre
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Prague Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Prague Czech Republic
| | - Michal Otyepka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc Czech Republic
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27
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Sokolović I, Reticcioli M, Čalkovský M, Wagner M, Schmid M, Franchini C, Diebold U, Setvín M. Resolving the adsorption of molecular O 2 on the rutile TiO 2(110) surface by noncontact atomic force microscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:14827-14837. [PMID: 32527857 PMCID: PMC7334520 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1922452117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction of molecular oxygen with semiconducting oxide surfaces plays a key role in many technologies. The topic is difficult to approach both by experiment and in theory, mainly due to multiple stable charge states, adsorption configurations, and reaction channels of adsorbed oxygen species. Here we use a combination of noncontact atomic force microscopy (AFM) and density functional theory (DFT) to resolve [Formula: see text] adsorption on the rutile [Formula: see text](110) surface, which presents a longstanding challenge in the surface chemistry of metal oxides. We show that chemically inert AFM tips terminated by an oxygen adatom provide excellent resolution of both the adsorbed species and the oxygen sublattice of the substrate. Adsorbed [Formula: see text] molecules can accept either one or two electron polarons from the surface, forming superoxo or peroxo species. The peroxo state is energetically preferred under any conditions relevant for applications. The possibility of nonintrusive imaging allows us to explain behavior related to electron/hole injection from the tip, interaction with UV light, and the effect of thermal annealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Sokolović
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michele Reticcioli
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Čalkovský
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Margareta Wagner
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Schmid
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Cesare Franchini
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ulrike Diebold
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Setvín
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria;
- Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
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28
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Nisha S, Senthil Kumar A. π-Self-Assembly of a Coronene on Carbon Nanomaterial-Modified Electrode and Its Symmetrical Redox and H 2O 2 Electrocatalytic Reduction Functionalities. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:11817-11828. [PMID: 32478273 PMCID: PMC7254800 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The structure-electroactivity relationship of graphene has been studied using coronene (Cor), polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), and a subunit of graphene as a model system by chemically modified electrode approach. In general, graphene and PAH do not show any redox activity in their native form. Herein, we report a simple electrochemical approach for the conversion of electro-inactive coronene to a highly redox-active molecule (Cor-Redox; E°' = 0.235 ± 0.005 V vs Ag/AgCl) after being adsorbed on graphitic carbon nanomaterial and preconditioned at an applied potential, 1.2 V vs Ag/AgCl, wherein, the water molecule oxidizes to dioxygen via hydroxyl radical (•OH) intermediate, in acidic solution (pH 2 KCl-HCl). When the same coronene electrochemical experiment was carried out on an unmodified glassy carbon electrode, there was no sign of faradic signal, revealing the unique electrochemical behavior of the coronene molecule on graphitic nanomaterial. The Cor-Redox peak is found to be highly symmetrical (peak-to-peak potential separation of ∼0 V tested by cyclic voltammetry (CV)) and surface-confined (ΓCor-Redox = 10.1 × 10-9 mol cm-2) and has proton-coupled electron-transfer (∂E°'/∂pH = -56 mV pH-1) character. Initially, it was speculated that Cor is converted to a hydroxy group-functionalized Cor molecule (dihydroxy benzene derivative) on the graphitic surface and showed the electrochemical redox activity. However, physicochemical characterization studies including Raman, IR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), redox-site selective oxidation probe, cysteine (for dihydroxy benzene), radical scavenger ((2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl, TEMPO), and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) using ferricyanide redox couple have revealed that coronene cationic radical species like electroactive molecule is formed on graphitic material upon the electrochemical oxidation reaction at a high anodic potential. It has been proposed that •OH generated as an intermediate species from the water oxidation reaction is involved in the coronene cationic radical species. Studies on coronene electrochemical reaction at various carbon nanomaterials like multiwalled carbon, single-walled carbon, graphite, graphene oxide, and carbon nanofiber revealed that graphitic structure (without any oxygen functional groups) and its π-π bonding are key factors for the success of the electrochemical reaction. The coronene molecular redox peak showed an unusual electrocatalytic reduction of hydrogen peroxide similar to the peroxidase enzyme-biocatalyzed reduction reaction in physiological solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Nisha
- Nano
and Bioelectrochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry,
School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Annamalai Senthil Kumar
- Nano
and Bioelectrochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry,
School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
- Carbon
Dioxide Research and Green Technology Centre, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
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29
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de Oliveira MAC, Ficca VCA, Gokhale R, Santoro C, Mecheri B, D’Epifanio A, Licoccia S, Atanassov P. Iron(II) phthalocyanine (FePc) over carbon support for oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts operating in alkaline electrolyte. J Solid State Electrochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-020-04537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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30
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Manna D, Lo R, Hobza P. Spin modification of iron(ii) complexes via covalent (dative) and dispersion guided non-covalent bonding with N-heterocyclic carbenes: DFT, DLPNO-CCSD(T) and MCSCF studies. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:164-170. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04334a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Spin crossover from high spin Fe(ii)-phthalocyanine to low or intermediate spin via either dative covalent or non-covalent interaction by just varying the substituent using the same core ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashree Manna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 16610 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
| | - Rabindranath Lo
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 16610 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
| | - Pavel Hobza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 16610 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
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31
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Kaiser K, Gross L, Schulz F. A Single-Molecule Chemical Reaction Studied by High-Resolution Atomic Force Microscopy and Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Induced Light Emission. ACS NANO 2019; 13:6947-6954. [PMID: 31184117 PMCID: PMC6595658 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b01852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) as well as scanning tunneling microscopy induced light emission (STM-LE) are, each on their own, powerful tools used to investigate a large variety of properties of single molecules adsorbed on a surface. However, accessing both structural information by AFM as well as optical information by STM-LE on the same molecule so far remains elusive. We present a combined high-resolution AFM and STM-LE study on single metal-oxide phthalocyanines. Using atomic manipulation, the molecules can be deliberately reduced. We demonstrate structure elucidation and adsorption geometry determination of single molecules with atomic resolution combined with optical characterization by STM-LE and the possibility of investigating the change in a molecule's exciton emission intensity by a chemical reaction.
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32
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Wang Y, Li X, Yang J. Electronic and magnetic properties of CoPc and FePc molecules on graphene: the substrate, defect, and hydrogen adsorption effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:5424-5434. [PMID: 30793133 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07091a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal phthalocyanines (TMPcs) are particularly appealing for spintronic processing and data storage devices due to their structural simplicity and functional flexibility. To realize effective control of the spins in TMPc-based systems, it is necessary to quantify how the structural and chemical environment of the molecule affects its spin center. Herein we perform a detailed investigation of the electronic and spintronic properties of vertically stacked heterostructures formed by CoPc or FePc adsorbed on a monolayer of graphene under the influences of the gold substrate, vacancies in graphene, and extra atomic hydrogen coordination on the TMPc. By using density functional theory (DFT), we reveal that both the TMPc molecules prefer the carbon-top position on graphene, and the existence of the Au substrate enhances the stability of the adsorption, while this enhanced adsorption will not modify the molecular magnetism, keeping it the same value as in the free standing case. Moreover, with the aid of a combination of DFT and ab initio wavefunction-based calculations, our results indicate that the magnetic anisotropy of the FePc-graphene complex can be actively tuned by the Au substrate. Our calculations also show that defects in graphene including single and double vacancies can modify the magnetism of these heterostructures. In particular, the spin state of FePc can be tuned from S = 1 to S = 2 with such defect engineering. Further spin state tunability can be achieved from a hydrogenation process, with the coordination of one extra hydrogen on the Co-top site for CoPc and the pyridinic N site for FePc, respectively, tuning their spin states from S = 1/2 to S = 0 and from S = 1 to S = 2. These findings may prove to be instrumental for rational design of future molecular spintronics devices integrated with two-dimensional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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33
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Chutora T, de la Torre B, Mutombo P, Hellerstedt J, Kopeček J, Jelínek P, Švec M. Nitrous oxide as an effective AFM tip functionalization: a comparative study. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:315-321. [PMID: 30800570 PMCID: PMC6369984 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the possibility of functionalizing Au tips by N2O molecules deposited on a Au(111) surface and their further use for imaging with submolecular resolution. First, we characterize the adsorption of the N2O species on Au(111) by means of atomic force microscopy with CO-functionalized tips and density functional theory (DFT) simulations. Subsequently we devise a method of attaching a single N2O to a metal tip apex and benchmark its high-resolution imaging and spectroscopic capabilities using FePc molecules. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of high-resolution imaging. However, we find an inherent asymmetry of the N2O probe-particle adsorption on the tip apex, in contrast to a CO tip reference. These findings are consistent with DFT calculations of the N2O- and CO tip apexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taras Chutora
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Bruno de la Torre
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pingo Mutombo
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jack Hellerstedt
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromír Kopeček
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Švec
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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34
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Giessibl FJ. The qPlus sensor, a powerful core for the atomic force microscope. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:011101. [PMID: 30709191 DOI: 10.1063/1.5052264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was introduced in 1986 and has since made its way into surface science, nanoscience, chemistry, biology, and material science as an imaging and manipulating tool with a rising number of applications. AFM can be employed in ambient and liquid environments as well as in vacuum and at low and ultralow temperatures. The technique is an offspring of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), where the tunneling tip of the STM is replaced by using a force sensor with an attached tip. Measuring the tiny chemical forces that act between the tip and the sample is more difficult than measuring the tunneling current in STM. Therefore, even 30 years after the introduction of AFM, progress in instrumentation is substantial. Here, we focus on the core of the AFM, the force sensor with its tip and detection mechanism. Initially, force sensors were mainly micro-machined silicon cantilevers, mainly using optical methods to detect their deflection. The qPlus sensor, originally based on a quartz tuning fork and now custom built from quartz, is self-sensing by utilizing the piezoelectricity of quartz. The qPlus sensor allows us to perform STM and AFM in parallel, and the spatial resolution of its AFM channel has reached the subatomic level, exceeding the resolution of STM. Frequency modulation AFM (FM-AFM), where the frequency of an oscillating cantilever is altered by the gradient of the force that acts between the tip and the sample, has emerged over the years as the method that provides atomic and subatomic spatial resolution as well as force spectroscopy with sub-piconewton sensitivity. FM-AFM is precise; because of all physical observables, time and frequency can be measured by far with the greatest accuracy. By design, FM-AFM clearly separates conservative and dissipative interactions where conservative forces induce a frequency shift and dissipative interactions alter the power needed to maintain a constant oscillation amplitude of the cantilever. As it operates in a noncontact mode, it enables simultaneous AFM and STM measurements. The frequency stability of quartz and the small oscillation amplitudes that are possible with stiff quartz sensors optimize the signal to noise ratio. Here, we discuss the operating principles, the assembly of qPlus sensors, amplifiers, limiting factors, and applications. Applications encompass unprecedented subatomic spatial resolution, the measurement of forces that act in atomic manipulation, imaging and spectroscopy of spin-dependent forces, and atomic resolution of organic molecules, graphite, graphene, and oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz J Giessibl
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
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35
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Nachtigallová D, Antalík A, Lo R, Sedlák R, Manna D, Tuček J, Ugolotti J, Veis L, Legeza Ö, Pittner J, Zbořil R, Hobza P. An Isolated Molecule of Iron(II) Phthalocyanin Exhibits Quintet Ground-State: A Nexus between Theory and Experiment. Chemistry 2018; 24:13413-13417. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Nachtigallová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Andrej Antalík
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Dolejškova 3 18223 Prague 8 Czech Republic
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics; Charles University Prague; 11636 Prague Czech Republic Republic
| | - Rabindranath Lo
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Robert Sedlák
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Debashree Manna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Tuček
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Juri Ugolotti
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Libor Veis
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Dolejškova 3 18223 Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Örs Legeza
- Strongly Correlated Systems “ Lendület” Research group; Wigner Research Centre for Physics; 1525 Budapest Hungary
| | - Jiří Pittner
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Dolejškova 3 18223 Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hobza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc; Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
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Mönig H. Copper-oxide tip functionalization for submolecular atomic force microscopy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9874-9888. [PMID: 30124700 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05332d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Establishing submolecular imaging in real-space by non-contact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) has been a major breakthrough in the field of organic surface chemistry. The key for the drastically increased resolution in these experiments is to functionalize a metallic tip apex with an inert probe particle. However, due to their weak bonding at the metal apex, these probe particles show a pronounced dynamic lateral deflection in the measurements. This constitutes a major limitation of this approach as it involves image distortions, an overestimation of bond lengths, and even artificial bond-like contrast features where actually no bonds exist. In this contribution, recent progress by using an alternative approach by copper-oxide tip functionalization is reviewed. Copper-oxide tips (CuOx tips) consist of a bulk copper apex, terminated by a covalently connected single oxygen atom, which chemically passivates the tip. Such CuOx tips can be identified by contrast analysis at specific surface sites and allow for submolecular resolution. A comparative analysis of data recorded with flexible tips allows a detailed discussion of the contrast mechanisms and related artificial effects. It is concluded with an assessment of limitations, future challenges and opportunities in such experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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