1
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Muller B, Feig VR, Colella NS, Traverso G, Hashmi SM. Thiol Coordination Softens Liquid Metal Particles To Improve On-Demand Conductivity. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13768-13780. [PMID: 38745441 PMCID: PMC11140741 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Achieving tunable rupturing of eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) particles holds great significance in flexible electronic applications, particularly pressure sensors. We tune the mechanosensitivity of EGaIn particles by preparing them in toluene with thiol surfactants and demonstrate an improvement over typical preparations in ethanol. We observe, across multiple length scales, that thiol surfactants and the nonpolar solvent synergistically reduce the applied stress requirements for electromechanical actuation. At the nanoscale, dodecanethiol and propanethiol in toluene suppress gallium oxide growth, as characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Quantitative AFM imaging produces force-indentation curves and height images, while conductive AFM measures current while probing individual EGaIn particles. As the applied force increases, thiolated particles demonstrate intensified softening, rupturing, and stress-induced electrical activation at forces 40% lower than those for bare particles in ethanol. To confirm that thiolation facilitates rupturing at the macroscale, a laser is used to ablate samples of EGaIn particles. Scanning electron microscopy and resistance measurements across macroscopic samples confirm that thiolated EGaIn particles coalesce to exhibit electrical activation at 0.1 W. Particles prepared in ethanol, however, require 3 times higher laser power to demonstrate a similar behavior. This unique collection of advanced techniques demonstrates that our particle synthesis conditions can facilitate on-demand functionality to benefit electronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin
N. Muller
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Division
of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- David
H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Vivian R. Feig
- Division
of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- David
H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nicholas S. Colella
- Center
for Nanoscale Systems, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Division
of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- David
H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sara M. Hashmi
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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2
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Ou F, Xie T, Li X, Zhang Z, Ning C, Tuo L, Pan W, Wang C, Duan X, Liang Q, Gao W, Li Z, Zhao S. Liquid-free ionic conductive elastomers with high mechanical properties and ionic conductivity for multifunctional sensors and triboelectric nanogenerators. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:2191-2205. [PMID: 38410914 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh02217j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Liquid-free ionic conductive elastomers (ICEs) are ideal materials for constructing flexible electronic devices by avoiding the limitations of liquid components. However, developing all-solid-state ionic conductors with high mechanical strength, high ionic conductivity, excellent healing, and recyclability remains a great challenge. Herein, a series of liquid-free polyurethane-based ICEs with a double dynamic crosslinked structure are reported. As a result of interactions between multiple dynamic bonds (multi-level hydrogen bonds, disulfide bonds, and dynamic D-A bonds) and lithium-oxygen bonds, the optimal ICE exhibited a high mechanical strength (1.18 MPa), excellent ionic conductivity (0.14 mS cm-1), desirable healing capacity (healing efficiency >95%), and recyclability. A multi-functional wearable sensor based on the novel ICE enabled real-time and rapid detection of various human activities and enabled recognizing writing signals and encrypted information transmission. A triboelectric nanogenerator based on the novel ICE exhibited an excellent open-circuit voltage of 464 V, a short-circuit current of 16 μA, a transferred charge of 50 nC, and a power density of 720 mW m-2, enabling powering of small-scale electronic products. This study provides a feasible strategy for designing flexible sensor products and healing, self-powered devices, with promising prospects for application in soft ionic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyan Ou
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Engineering and Technology Research Center for High Quality Structural Panels from Biomass Wastes, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Ting Xie
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Engineering and Technology Research Center for High Quality Structural Panels from Biomass Wastes, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Xinze Li
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Engineering and Technology Research Center for High Quality Structural Panels from Biomass Wastes, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Engineering and Technology Research Center for High Quality Structural Panels from Biomass Wastes, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Chuang Ning
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Engineering and Technology Research Center for High Quality Structural Panels from Biomass Wastes, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Liang Tuo
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Blue Energy and Systems Integration, School of Physical Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Wenyu Pan
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Engineering and Technology Research Center for High Quality Structural Panels from Biomass Wastes, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Changsheng Wang
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Engineering and Technology Research Center for High Quality Structural Panels from Biomass Wastes, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Xueying Duan
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Engineering and Technology Research Center for High Quality Structural Panels from Biomass Wastes, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Qihua Liang
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Engineering and Technology Research Center for High Quality Structural Panels from Biomass Wastes, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Engineering and Technology Research Center for High Quality Structural Panels from Biomass Wastes, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Zequan Li
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Engineering and Technology Research Center for High Quality Structural Panels from Biomass Wastes, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Shuangliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
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3
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Vo NTP, Nam TU, Jeong MW, Kim JS, Jung KH, Lee Y, Ma G, Gu X, Tok JBH, Lee TI, Bao Z, Oh JY. Autonomous self-healing supramolecular polymer transistors for skin electronics. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3433. [PMID: 38653966 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47718-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin-like field-effect transistors are key elements of bio-integrated devices for future user-interactive electronic-skin applications. Despite recent rapid developments in skin-like stretchable transistors, imparting self-healing ability while maintaining necessary electrical performance to these transistors remains a challenge. Herein, we describe a stretchable polymer transistor capable of autonomous self-healing. The active material consists of a blend of an electrically insulating supramolecular polymer with either semiconducting polymers or vapor-deposited metal nanoclusters. A key feature is to employ the same supramolecular self-healing polymer matrix for all active layers, i.e., conductor/semiconductor/dielectric layers, in the skin-like transistor. This provides adhesion and intimate contact between layers, which facilitates effective charge injection and transport under strain after self-healing. Finally, we fabricate skin-like self-healing circuits, including NAND and NOR gates and inverters, both of which are critical components of arithmetic logic units. This work greatly advances practical self-healing skin electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Thanh Phuong Vo
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17104, Korea
| | - Tae Uk Nam
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17104, Korea
| | - Min Woo Jeong
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17104, Korea
| | - Jun Su Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17104, Korea
| | - Kyu Ho Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17104, Korea
| | - Yeongjun Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-5025, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Guorong Ma
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Xiaodan Gu
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Jeffrey B-H Tok
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-5025, USA
| | - Tae Il Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gachon University, Seong-nam, Gyeonggi, 13120, Korea.
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-5025, USA.
| | - Jin Young Oh
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17104, Korea.
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4
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Chandrasekar J, Venkatesan M, Sun TW, Hsu YC, Huang YH, Chen WW, Chen MH, Tsai ML, Chen JY, Lin JH, Zhou Y, Kuo CC. Recent progress in self-healable energy harvesting and storage devices - a future direction for reliable and safe electronics. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:1395-1413. [PMID: 38282534 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01519j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Electronic devices with multiple features bring in comfort to the way we live. However, repeated use causes physical as well as chemical degradation reducing their lifetime. The self-healing ability is the most crucial property of natural systems for survival in unexpected situations and variable environments. However, this self-repair property is not possessed by the conventional electronic devices designed today. To expand their lifetime and make them reliable by restoring their mechanical, functional, and electrical properties, self-healing materials are a great go-to option to create robust devices. In this review the intriguing self-healing polymers and fascinating mechanism of self-healable energy harvesting devices such as triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) and storage devices like supercapacitors and batteries from the aspect of electrodes and electrolytes in the past five years are reviewed. The current challenges, strategies, and perspectives for a smart and sustainable future are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Chandrasekar
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
| | - Manikandan Venkatesan
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Wang Sun
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Chi Hsu
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hang Huang
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Chen
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Lin Tsai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Yao Chen
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ja-Hon Lin
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Ye Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Chi-Ching Kuo
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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5
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Roppolo I, Caprioli M, Pirri CF, Magdassi S. 3D Printing of Self-Healing Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305537. [PMID: 37877817 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
This review article presents a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the field of 3D printable structures with self-healing properties. Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is a versatile technology that enables the rapid manufacturing of complex geometric structures with precision and functionality not previously attainable. However, the application of 3DP technology is still limited by the availability of materials with customizable properties specifically designed for additive manufacturing. The addition of self-healing properties within 3D printed objects is of high interest as it can improve the performance and lifespan of structural components, and even enable the mimicking of living tissues for biomedical applications, such as organs printing. The review will discuss and analyze the most relevant results reported in recent years in the development of self-healing polymeric materials that can be processed via 3D printing. After introducing the chemical and physical self-healing mechanism that can be exploited, the literature review here reported will focus in particular on printability and repairing performances. At last, actual perspective and possible development field will be critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignazio Roppolo
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin, 10129, Italy
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Sustainable Futures @Polito, Via Livorno 60, Turin, 10144, Italy
| | - Matteo Caprioli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin, 10129, Italy
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, 9090145, Israel
| | - Candido F Pirri
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin, 10129, Italy
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Sustainable Futures @Polito, Via Livorno 60, Turin, 10144, Italy
| | - Shlomo Magdassi
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, 9090145, Israel
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6
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Chen Q, Wang A, Yang D, Wei X, Zhang L, Wu Z, Wang L, Qin Y. Largely Improving the Output Performance of Stretchable Triboelectric Nanogenerators via Thermo-Compressive Technology. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307070. [PMID: 37940630 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are widely applied in wearable and implantable electronics, smart medical devices, and soft robots. However, it is still a challenge to produce stretchable TENGs with both exceptional elasticity and output performance, which limits their application scope. In this work, high-performance stretchable TENGs are developed through a thermo-compression (TC) fabrication process. In particular, a poly(vinylidene fluoride) film is compactly bound to the elastic thermoplastic polyurethane substrate, which inherits excellent stretchability with a strain of up to 815%. Furthermore, owing to the large surface area, tight contact, and effective vertical transport of tribo-induced charges between the coupled fibrous tribo-layer and soft substrate, the TC composite film-based TENGs exhibit a greater output (2-4 times) than unlaminated film-based TENGs. Additionally, the broad universality of this method is proven using various tribo- and substrate materials. The proposed technology provides a novel and effective approach to conjointly boost the output and stretchability of TENGs, showing encouraging application prospects in self-powered wearable and flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Chen
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Aochen Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Dan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xuelian Wei
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Li'ang Zhang
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Zhiyi Wu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Longfei Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Yong Qin
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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7
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Shao B, Lu MH, Wu TC, Peng WC, Ko TY, Hsiao YC, Chen JY, Sun B, Liu R, Lai YC. Large-area, untethered, metamorphic, and omnidirectionally stretchable multiplexing self-powered triboelectric skins. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1238. [PMID: 38336848 PMCID: PMC10858173 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Large-area metamorphic stretchable sensor networks are desirable in haptic sensing and next-generation electronics. Triboelectric nanogenerator-based self-powered tactile sensors in single-electrode mode constitute one of the best solutions with ideal attributes. However, their large-area multiplexing utilizations are restricted by severe misrecognition between sensing nodes and high-density internal circuits. Here, we provide an electrical signal shielding strategy delivering a large-area multiplexing self-powered untethered triboelectric electronic skin (UTE-skin) with an ultralow misrecognition rate (0.20%). An omnidirectionally stretchable carbon black-Ecoflex composite-based shielding layer is developed to effectively attenuate electrostatic interference from wirings, guaranteeing low-level noise in sensing matrices. UTE-skin operates reliably under 100% uniaxial, 100% biaxial, and 400% isotropic strains, achieving high-quality pressure imaging and multi-touch real-time visualization. Smart gloves for tactile recognition, intelligent insoles for gait analysis, and deformable human-machine interfaces are demonstrated. This work signifies a substantial breakthrough in haptic sensing, offering solutions for the previously challenging issue of large-area multiplexing sensing arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Shao
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Ming-Han Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Chen Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Peng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Yu Ko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chi Hsiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Yeu Chen
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Baoquan Sun
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, PR China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
- Macau Institute of Materials Science and Engineering MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials Macau University of Science and Technology Macau, 999078, Macao, PR China.
| | - Ruiyuan Liu
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, PR China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
| | - Ying-Chih Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
- Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
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8
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Hatta FF, Mohammad Haniff MAS, Ambri Mohamed M. Enhanced-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Polydimethylsiloxane/Barium Titanate/Graphene Quantum Dot Nanocomposites for Energy Harvesting. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:5608-5615. [PMID: 38343971 PMCID: PMC10851232 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have been developed as promising energy-harvesting devices to effectively convert mechanical energy into electricity. TENGs use either organic or inorganic materials to initiate the triboelectrification process, followed by charge separation. In this study, a high-performance composite-based triboelectric nanogenerator (CTENG) device was fabricated, comprising polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a polymeric matrix, barium titanite (BTO) nanopowders as dielectric fillers, and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as conductive media. The PDMS/BTO/GQD composite film was prepared with GQDs doped into the mixture of PDMS/BTO and mechanically stirred. The composition of the GQD varied from 0 to 40 wt %. The composite was spin-coated onto flexible ITO on a PET sheet and dried in an oven at 80 °C for 24 h. The output performance of TENGs is enhanced by the increased concentration of 30 wt % GQD, which is 2 times higher than nanocomposite films without GQD. The PDMS/BTO/G30 TENG film depicted an increase in open-circuit voltage output (VOC), short-circuit current output (ISC), and power density reaching ∼310.0 V, ∼23.0 μA, and 1.6 W/m2, respectively. The simple and scalable process for the PDMS/BTO/GQD TENGs would benefit as a sustainable energy-harvesting system in small electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizatul Farah Hatta
- Centre
of Foundation Studies, Universiti Teknologi
MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Dengkil, 43800 Dengkil, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Mohd Ambri Mohamed
- Institute
of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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9
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Zhao S, Han G, Deng H, Ma M, Zhong X. Research on the Sensing Characteristics of an Integrated Grid-like Sensor Based on a Triboelectric Nanogenerator. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:869. [PMID: 38339585 PMCID: PMC10857516 DOI: 10.3390/s24030869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
With the development of the integration and miniaturization of sensing devices, the concept of self-sensing devices has been proposed. A motion state is self-sensed via the structure or integration of an actuator in the construction of a sensing unit. This device is then used to capture the perception and measurement of states such as position, displacement, and speed. A triboelectric nanogenerator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through the coupling effect of contact generation and electrostatic induction, which represents one of the reliable ways through which to realize integrated sensing. In this world, the power generation technology of the TENG is applied to a sensing device. The sensing characteristics of a grid-like TENG are designed and analyzed in freestanding triboelectric mode. Firstly, a relation model of displacement, velocity, voltage, and charge is established. The charge-transfer increment and current amounts are linearly related to the velocity. The open-circuit voltage has a positive relationship with the displacement. The maximum open-circuit voltage and the maximum charge transfer are fixed values, and they are only related to the inherent parameters of a triboelectric nanogenerator. Next, the sensor model is constructed using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0. The simulation results show that the relationships between output voltage and charge transfer, as well as those between the increments of charge transfer, velocity, and displacement, are consistent with the results derived from the formula. Finally, a performance test of the designed sensor is carried out, and the results are consistent with the theoretical deduction and simulation. After analysis and processing of the output electrical signal by the host computer, it can feedback the frequency and speed value of the measured object. In addition, the output signal is stable, and there is no large fluctuation or attenuation during the 521-s vibration test. Because the working unit of the sensor is thin filmed, it is small in size, easy to integrate, and has no external power supply; moreover, it can be integrated into a device to realize the self-sensing of a motion state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Zhao
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (S.Z.)
| | - Guanghui Han
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (S.Z.)
| | - Huaxia Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Mengchao Ma
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (S.Z.)
| | - Xiang Zhong
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (S.Z.)
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10
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Wu D, Wu S, Narongdej P, Duan S, Chen C, Yan Y, Liu Z, Hong W, Frenkel I, He X. Fast and Facile Liquid Metal Printing via Projection Lithography for Highly Stretchable Electronic Circuits. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2307632. [PMID: 38126914 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Soft electronic circuits are crucial for wearable electronics, biomedical technologies, and soft robotics, requiring soft conductive materials with high conductivity, high strain limit, and stable electrical performance under deformation. Liquid metals (LMs) have become attractive candidates with high conductivity and fluidic compliance, while effective manufacturing methods are demanded. Digital light processing (DLP)-based projection lithography is a high-resolution and high-throughput printing technique for primarily polymers and some metals. If LMs can be printed with DLP as well, the entire soft devices can be fabricated by one printer in a streamlined and highly efficient process. Herein, fast and facile DLP-based LM printing is achieved. Simply with 5-10 s of patterned ultraviolet (UV)-light exposure, a highly conductive and stretchable pattern can be printed using a photo-crosslinkable LM particle ink. The printed eutectic gallium indium traces feature high resolution (≈20 µm), conductivity (3 × 106 S m-1 ), stretchability (≈2500%), and excellent stability (consistent performance at different deformation). Various patterns are printed in diverse material systems for broad applications including stretchable displays, epidermal strain sensors, heaters, humidity sensors, conformal electrodes for electrography, and multi-layer actuators. The facile and scalable process, excellent performance, and diverse applications ensure its broad impact on soft electronic manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Shuwang Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Poom Narongdej
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sidi Duan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Chi Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yichen Yan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Zixiao Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Wen Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Imri Frenkel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ximin He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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11
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Chiappone A, Roppolo I, Scavino E, Mogli G, Pirri CF, Stassi S. Three-Dimensional Printing of Triboelectric Nanogenerators by Digital Light Processing Technique for Mechanical Energy Harvesting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:53974-53983. [PMID: 37945515 PMCID: PMC10685350 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) represent intriguing technology to harvest human mechanical movements for powering wearable and portable electronics. Differently, compared to conventional fabrication approaches, additive manufacturing can allow the fabrication of TENGs with good dimensional resolution, high reproducibility, and quick production processes and, in particular, the obtainment of complex and customized structures. Among 3D printing technologies, digital light processing (DLP) is well-known for being the most flexible to produce functional devices by controlling both the geometry and the different ingredients of printable resins. On the other hand, DLP was not exploited for TENG fabrication, and consequently, the knowledge of the performance of 3D printable materials as charge accumulators upon friction is limited. Here, the application of the DLP technique to the 3D printing of triboelectric nanogenerators is studied. First, several printable materials have been tested as triboelectric layers to define a triboelectric series of DLP 3D printable materials. Then, TENG devices with increased geometrical complexity were printed, showcasing the ability to harvest energy from human movement. The method presented in this work illustrates how the DLP may represent a valuable and flexible solution to fabricate triboelectric nanogenerators, also providing a triboelectric classification of the most common photocurable resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Chiappone
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, Università
degli studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Blocco D, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, CA 09042, Italy
| | - Ignazio Roppolo
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy
- Center
for Sustainable Future Technologies @Polito, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Livorno, 60, Turin 10144, Italy
| | - Edoardo Scavino
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mogli
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy
| | - Candido Fabrizio Pirri
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy
- Center
for Sustainable Future Technologies @Polito, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Livorno, 60, Turin 10144, Italy
| | - Stefano Stassi
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy
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12
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Lv J, Thangavel G, Xin Y, Gao D, Poh WC, Chen S, Lee PS. Printed sustainable elastomeric conductor for soft electronics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7132. [PMID: 37932285 PMCID: PMC10628110 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42838-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread adoption of renewable and sustainable elastomers in stretchable electronics has been impeded by challenges in their fabrication and lacklustre performance. Here, we realize a printed sustainable stretchable conductor with superior electrical performance by synthesizing sustainable and recyclable vegetable oil polyurethane (VegPU) elastomeric binder and developing a solution sintering method for their composites with Ag flakes. The binder impedes the propagation of cracks through its porous network, while the solution sintering reaction reduces the resistance increment upon stretching, resulting in high stretchability (350%), superior conductivity (12833 S cm-1), and low hysteresis (0.333) after 100% cyclic stretching. The sustainable conductor was used to print durable and stretchable impedance sensors for non-obstructive detection of fruit maturity in food sensing technology. The combination of sustainable materials and strategies for realizing high-performance stretchable conductors provides a roadmap for the development of sustainable stretchable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE), Smart Grippers for Soft Robotics (SGSR), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Gurunathan Thangavel
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Technology Innovation Institute (TII), Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 9639, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yangyang Xin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE), Smart Grippers for Soft Robotics (SGSR), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Dace Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wei Church Poh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shaohua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
- Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE), Smart Grippers for Soft Robotics (SGSR), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore, 138602, Singapore.
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13
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Ji J, Zhao W, Wang Y, Li Q, Wang G. Templated Laser-Induced-Graphene-Based Tactile Sensors Enable Wearable Health Monitoring and Texture Recognition via Deep Neural Network. ACS NANO 2023; 17:20153-20166. [PMID: 37801407 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Flexible tactile sensors show great potential for portable healthcare and environmental monitoring applications. However, challenges persist in scaling up the manufacturing of stable tactile sensors with real-time feedback. This work demonstrates a robust approach to fabricating templated laser-induced graphene (TLIG)-based tactile sensors via laser scribing, elastomer hot-pressing transfer, and 3D printing of the Ag electrode. With different mesh sandpapers as templates, TLIG sensors with adjustable sensing properties were achieved. The tactile sensor obtains excellent sensitivity (52260.2 kPa-1 at a range of 0-7 kPa), a broad detection range (up to 1000 kPa), a low limit of detection (65 Pa), a rapid response (response/recovery time of 12/46 ms), and excellent working stability (10000 cycles). Benefiting from TLIG's high performance and waterproofness, TLIG sensors can be used as health monitors and even in underwater scenarios. TLIG sensors can also be integrated into arrays acting as receptors of the soft robotic gripper. Furthermore, a deep neural network based on the convolutional neural network was employed for texture recognition via a soft TLIG tactile sensing array, achieving an overall classification rate of 94.51% on objects with varying surface roughness, thus offering high accuracy in real-time practical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Space Manufacturing Technology, Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Space Manufacturing Technology, Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuliang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Space Manufacturing Technology, Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, P. R. China
| | - Qiushi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Space Manufacturing Technology, Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, P. R. China
| | - Gong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Space Manufacturing Technology, Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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14
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Chen L, Xu J, Zhu M, Zeng Z, Song Y, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Deng Y, Xiong R, Huang C. Self-healing polymers through hydrogen-bond cross-linking: synthesis and electronic applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:4000-4032. [PMID: 37489089 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00236e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Recently, polymers capable of repeatedly self-healing physical damage and restoring mechanical properties have attracted extensive attention. Among the various supramolecular chemistry, hydrogen-bonding (H-bonding) featuring reversibility, directionality and high per-volume concentration has become one of the most attractive directions for the development of self-healing polymers (SHPs). Herein, we review the recent advances in the design of high-performance SHPs based on different H-bonding types, for example, H-bonding motifs and excessive H-bonding. In particular, the effects of the structural design of SHPs on their mechanical performance and healing efficiency are discussed in detail. Moreover, we also summarize how to employ H-bonding-based SHPs for the preparation of self-healable electronic devices, focusing on promising topics, including energy harvesting devices, energy storage devices, and flexible sensing devices. Finally, the current challenges and possible strategies for the development of H-bonding-based SHPs and their smart electronic applications are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Jianhua Xu
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Miaomiao Zhu
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyuan Zeng
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Yankang Deng
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Ranhua Xiong
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Chaobo Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China.
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15
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Liu D, Zhang J, Cui S, Zhou L, Gao Y, Wang ZL, Wang J. Recent Progress of Advanced Materials for Triboelectric Nanogenerators. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300562. [PMID: 37330665 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have received intense attention due to their broad application prospects in the new era of internet of things (IoTs) as distributed power sources and self-powered sensors. Advanced materials are vital components for TENGs, which decide their comprehensive performance and application scenarios, opening up the opportunity to develop efficient TENGs and expand their potential applications. In this review, a systematic and comprehensive overview of the advanced materials for TENGs is presented, including materials classifications, fabrication methods, and the properties required for applications. In particular, the triboelectric, friction, and dielectric performance of advanced materials is focused upon and their roles in designing the TENGs are analyzed. The recent progress of advanced materials used in TENGs for mechanical energy harvesting and self-powered sensors is also summarized. Finally, an overview of the emerging challenges, strategies, and opportunities for research and development of advanced materials for TENGs is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Liu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- College of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jiayue Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
| | - Shengnan Cui
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- College of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Linglin Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- College of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yikui Gao
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- College of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- College of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jie Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- College of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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16
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Matin Nazar A, Mohsenian R, Rayegani A, Shadfar M, Jiao P. Skin-Contact Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Energy Harvesting and Motion Sensing: Principles, Challenges, and Perspectives. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:872. [PMID: 37754106 PMCID: PMC10526904 DOI: 10.3390/bios13090872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Energy harvesting has become an increasingly important field of research as the demand for portable and wearable devices continues to grow. Skin-contact triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) technology has emerged as a promising solution for energy harvesting and motion sensing. This review paper provides a detailed overview of skin-contact TENG technology, covering its principles, challenges, and perspectives. The introduction begins by defining skin-contact TENG and explaining the importance of energy harvesting and motion sensing. The principles of skin-contact TENG are explored, including the triboelectric effect and the materials used for energy harvesting. The working mechanism of skin-contact TENG is also discussed. This study then moves onto the applications of skin-contact TENG, focusing on energy harvesting for wearable devices and motion sensing for healthcare monitoring. Furthermore, the integration of skin-contact TENG technology with other technologies is discussed to highlight its versatility. The challenges in skin-contact TENG technology are then highlighted, which include sensitivity to environmental factors, such as humidity and temperature, biocompatibility and safety concerns, and durability and reliability issues. This section of the paper provides a comprehensive evaluation of the technological limitations that must be considered when designing skin-contact TENGs. In the Perspectives and Future Directions section, this review paper highlights various advancements in materials and design, as well as the potential for commercialization. Additionally, the potential impact of skin-contact TENG technology on the energy and healthcare industries is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Matin Nazar
- Donghai Laboratory, Zhoushan 316021, China;
- Zhejiang University-University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Reza Mohsenian
- College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Sargent College, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Arash Rayegani
- Centre for Infrastructure Engineering, Western Sydney University, Kingswood, NSW 2747, Australia;
| | - Mohammadamin Shadfar
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Pengcheng Jiao
- Donghai Laboratory, Zhoushan 316021, China;
- Institute of Port, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
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17
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Zhao L, Ling Q, Fan X, Gu H. Self-Healable, Adhesive, Anti-Drying, Freezing-Tolerant, and Transparent Conductive Organohydrogel as Flexible Strain Sensor, Triboelectric Nanogenerator, and Skin Barrier. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:40975-40990. [PMID: 37584619 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels have attracted tremendous interest in the construction of flexible strain sensors and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) owing to their good stretchability and adjustable properties. Nevertheless, how to simultaneously achieve high transparency, self-healing, adhesion, antibacterial, anti-freezing, anti-drying, and biocompatibility properties through a simple method remains a challenge. Herein, a transparent, freezing-tolerant, and multifunctional organohydrogel (PAOAM-PDO) as electrode for strain sensors and TENGs was constructed through a free radical polymerization in the 1,3-propanediol (PDO)/water binary solvent system, in which oxide sodium alginate, aminated gelatin, acrylic acid, and AlCl3 were used as raw materials. The obtained PAOAM-PDO exhibited good transparency (>90%), self-healing, adhesiveness, antibacterial property, good conductivity (1.13 S/m), and long-term environmental stability. The introduction of PDO endowed PAOAM-PDO with freezing resistance with a low freezing point of -60 °C, and PAOAM-PDO could serve as a protective skin barrier to prevent frostbite at low temperature. PAOAM-PDO could be assembled as strain sensors to monitor heterogeneous human movements with high strain sensitivity (gauge factor of 7.05, strain = 233%). Meanwhile, PAOAM-PDO could be further fabricated as a TENG with a "sandwich" structure in single electrode mode. Moreover, the resulting TENG achieved electrical outputs with simple hand tapping and served as a self-powered device to light light-emitting diodes. This work displays a feasible strategy to build environment-tolerant and multifunctional organohydrogels, which possess potential applications in the wearable electronics and self-powered devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641100, China
| | - Qiangjun Ling
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Haibin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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18
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Huang J, Wang S, Zhao X, Zhang W, Chen Z, Liu R, Li P, Li H, Gui C. Fabrication of a textile-based triboelectric nanogenerator toward high-efficiency energy harvesting and material recognition. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:3840-3853. [PMID: 37431538 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00618b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Textile-based triboelectric nanogenerator (T-TENG) devices, particularly, narrow-gap mode, have been conceived and developed for obtaining energy harvesting and tactile sensing devices unaffected by the external environment. Enhancing the interfacial area of T-TENG materials offers exciting opportunities to improve the device output performance. In this work, a narrow-gap T-TENG was fabricated with a facile process, and a new strategy for improving the device output is proposed. The new structural sensor (polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-encapsulated electroless copper plating (EP-Cu) cotton) with multiple electricity generation mechanism was designed and fabricated for enhancing recognition accuracy. The result shows that only PDMS layer strain was established at an external stress of 1.24-12.4 kPa and the fibers laterally slip at a stress of 12.4-139 kPa; more importantly, the output performance of the TENG displayed a linear relationship under corresponding stress ranges. The as-fabricated device demonstrated the ability to convert different energies such as vibration, raindrops, wind and human motions into electrical energy with excellent sensitivity. Interestingly, the output signal of the as-fabricated TENG device is a combination of output signals from PDMS/EP-Cu and PDMS/recognition object devices. To be precise, there are two TENG devices (PDMS/EP-Cu and PDMS/recognition object) that work when the as-fabricated TENG device is under 12.4-139 kPa stress. Accompanied by unique characteristics, the generated TENG signals are capable of recognition of contact materials. Combining the TENG signal and deep learning technology, we explore a strategy that can enable the as-fabricated device to recognize 8 different materials with 99.48% recognition accuracy in the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Huang
- School of Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei City, 230601, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Calcium Carbonate Resources Comprehensive Utilization, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hezhou University, Hezhou City, 542899, China.
| | - Sanlong Wang
- School of Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei City, 230601, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chaohu University, Hefei City, 230009, China
| | - Xingke Zhao
- School of Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei City, 230601, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Calcium Carbonate Resources Comprehensive Utilization, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hezhou University, Hezhou City, 542899, China.
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- School of Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei City, 230601, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chaohu University, Hefei City, 230009, China
| | - Zhenming Chen
- School of Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei City, 230601, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Calcium Carbonate Resources Comprehensive Utilization, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hezhou University, Hezhou City, 542899, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei City, 230601, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chaohu University, Hefei City, 230009, China
| | - Peng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Calcium Carbonate Resources Comprehensive Utilization, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hezhou University, Hezhou City, 542899, China.
| | - Honglin Li
- School of Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei City, 230601, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chaohu University, Hefei City, 230009, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Calcium Carbonate Resources Comprehensive Utilization, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hezhou University, Hezhou City, 542899, China.
| | - Chengmei Gui
- School of Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei City, 230601, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chaohu University, Hefei City, 230009, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Calcium Carbonate Resources Comprehensive Utilization, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hezhou University, Hezhou City, 542899, China.
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19
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Madrid-Wolff J, Toombs J, Rizzo R, Bernal PN, Porcincula D, Walton R, Wang B, Kotz-Helmer F, Yang Y, Kaplan D, Zhang YS, Zenobi-Wong M, McLeod RR, Rapp B, Schwartz J, Shusteff M, Talyor H, Levato R, Moser C. A review of materials used in tomographic volumetric additive manufacturing. MRS COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 13:764-785. [PMID: 37901477 PMCID: PMC10600040 DOI: 10.1557/s43579-023-00447-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Volumetric additive manufacturing is a novel fabrication method allowing rapid, freeform, layer-less 3D printing. Analogous to computer tomography (CT), the method projects dynamic light patterns into a rotating vat of photosensitive resin. These light patterns build up a three-dimensional energy dose within the photosensitive resin, solidifying the volume of the desired object within seconds. Departing from established sequential fabrication methods like stereolithography or digital light printing, volumetric additive manufacturing offers new opportunities for the materials that can be used for printing. These include viscous acrylates and elastomers, epoxies (and orthogonal epoxy-acrylate formulations with spatially controlled stiffness) formulations, tunable stiffness thiol-enes and shape memory foams, polymer derived ceramics, silica-nanocomposite based glass, and gelatin-based hydrogels for cell-laden biofabrication. Here we review these materials, highlight the challenges to adapt them to volumetric additive manufacturing, and discuss the perspectives they present. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at10.1557/s43579-023-00447-x.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Toombs
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Riccardo Rizzo
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Paulina Nuñez Bernal
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rebecca Walton
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA USA
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Frederik Kotz-Helmer
- Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Georges Köhler Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Center for Energy Resources Engineering (CERE), Technical University of Denmark (DTU), 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - David Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155 USA
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert R. McLeod
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - Bastian Rapp
- Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Georges Köhler Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Maxim Shusteff
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA USA
| | - Hayden Talyor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Riccardo Levato
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christophe Moser
- Ecole Polytechnique Féderale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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20
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Huang X, Peng S, Zheng L, Zhuo D, Wu L, Weng Z. 3D Printing of High Viscosity UV-Curable Resin for Highly Stretchable and Resilient Elastomer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2304430. [PMID: 37527974 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Elastomers prepared via vat photopolymerizationus ually exhibit unsatisfied mechanical properties owing to their insufficient growth of molecular weight upon UV exposure. Increasing the weight ratio of oligomer in the resin system is an effective approach to enhance the mechanical properties, yet the viscosity of the UV-curable resin increases dramatically; this hinders its printing. In this study, a linear scan-based vat photopolymerization (LSVP) system which can print high-viscosity resins is implemented to 3D print the oligomer-dominated UV-curable resin via a dual-curing mechanism. A polyurethane methacrylate blocking oligomer is first synthesized and then mixed with a commercialized bifunctional oligomer, photoinitiator, and primary amine as a chain extender to prepare high-viscosity UV-curable resin for the LSVP system. The deblocked isocyanate is further crosslinked with a chain extender via thermal treatment to construct a highly entangled polymer chain network. The optimal thermal treatment parameters are investigated, and the resilience of the 3D-printed elastomer is evaluated through continuous tensile loading and unloading tests. Subsequently, complex structured elastomers are printed, exhibiting favorable mechanical durability without defects. The results obtained from this work will provide a reference for preparing elastomeric devices with excellent physical properties and expand the application scope of vat photopolymerization to new fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianmei Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuqiang Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Products, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, 350118, China
| | - Longhui Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dongxian Zhuo
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Lixin Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Zixiang Weng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350108, China
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21
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Choi D, Lee Y, Lin ZH, Cho S, Kim M, Ao CK, Soh S, Sohn C, Jeong CK, Lee J, Lee M, Lee S, Ryu J, Parashar P, Cho Y, Ahn J, Kim ID, Jiang F, Lee PS, Khandelwal G, Kim SJ, Kim HS, Song HC, Kim M, Nah J, Kim W, Menge HG, Park YT, Xu W, Hao J, Park H, Lee JH, Lee DM, Kim SW, Park JY, Zhang H, Zi Y, Guo R, Cheng J, Yang Z, Xie Y, Lee S, Chung J, Oh IK, Kim JS, Cheng T, Gao Q, Cheng G, Gu G, Shim M, Jung J, Yun C, Zhang C, Liu G, Chen Y, Kim S, Chen X, Hu J, Pu X, Guo ZH, Wang X, Chen J, Xiao X, Xie X, Jarin M, Zhang H, Lai YC, He T, Kim H, Park I, Ahn J, Huynh ND, Yang Y, Wang ZL, Baik JM, Choi D. Recent Advances in Triboelectric Nanogenerators: From Technological Progress to Commercial Applications. ACS NANO 2023; 17:11087-11219. [PMID: 37219021 PMCID: PMC10312207 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Serious climate changes and energy-related environmental problems are currently critical issues in the world. In order to reduce carbon emissions and save our environment, renewable energy harvesting technologies will serve as a key solution in the near future. Among them, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), which is one of the most promising mechanical energy harvesters by means of contact electrification phenomenon, are explosively developing due to abundant wasting mechanical energy sources and a number of superior advantages in a wide availability and selection of materials, relatively simple device configurations, and low-cost processing. Significant experimental and theoretical efforts have been achieved toward understanding fundamental behaviors and a wide range of demonstrations since its report in 2012. As a result, considerable technological advancement has been exhibited and it advances the timeline of achievement in the proposed roadmap. Now, the technology has reached the stage of prototype development with verification of performance beyond the lab scale environment toward its commercialization. In this review, distinguished authors in the world worked together to summarize the state of the art in theory, materials, devices, systems, circuits, and applications in TENG fields. The great research achievements of researchers in this field around the world over the past decade are expected to play a major role in coming to fruition of unexpectedly accelerated technological advances over the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwhi Choi
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 17104, South Korea
| | - Younghoon Lee
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Soft Robotics Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
| | - Zong-Hong Lin
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 17104, South Korea
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan
University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Frontier
Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Sumin Cho
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 17104, South Korea
| | - Miso Kim
- School
of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic
of Korea
- SKKU
Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419, South Korea
| | - Chi Kit Ao
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore
| | - Siowling Soh
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore
| | - Changwan Sohn
- Division
of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jeonbuk
National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, South Korea
- Department
of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering of Graduate School (BK21
FOUR), Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, South Korea
| | - Chang Kyu Jeong
- Division
of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jeonbuk
National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, South Korea
- Department
of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering of Graduate School (BK21
FOUR), Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, South Korea
| | - Jeongwan Lee
- Department
of Physics, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Minbaek Lee
- Department
of Physics, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Seungah Lee
- School
of Materials Science & Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea
| | - Jungho Ryu
- School
of Materials Science & Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea
| | - Parag Parashar
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan
University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yujang Cho
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewan Ahn
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Feng Jiang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang
Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
- Institute of Flexible
Electronics Technology of Tsinghua, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang
Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Gaurav Khandelwal
- Nanomaterials
and System Lab, Major of Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Applied
Energy System, Jeju National University, Jeju 632-43, South Korea
- School
of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G128QQ, U. K.
| | - Sang-Jae Kim
- Nanomaterials
and System Lab, Major of Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Applied
Energy System, Jeju National University, Jeju 632-43, South Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Electronic
Materials Research Center, Korea Institute
of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Physics, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Cheol Song
- Electronic
Materials Research Center, Korea Institute
of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KIST-SKKU
Carbon-Neutral Research Center, Sungkyunkwan
University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic
of Korea
| | - Minje Kim
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Chungnam National University, 34134, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Junghyo Nah
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Chungnam National University, 34134, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Wook Kim
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419, South Korea
| | - Habtamu Gebeyehu Menge
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Myongji University, 116 Myongji-ro, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Tae Park
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Myongji University, 116 Myongji-ro, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Xu
- Research
Centre for Humanoid Sensing, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311100, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Hao
- Department
of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic
University, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Hyosik Park
- Department
of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu
Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyuck Lee
- Department
of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu
Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Min Lee
- School
of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic
of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Kim
- School
of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic
of Korea
- SKKU
Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419, South Korea
- Samsung
Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, 115, Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, South Korea
- SKKU
Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419, South Korea
| | - Ji Young Park
- School
of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic
of Korea
| | - Haixia Zhang
- National
Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication;
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, School
of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yunlong Zi
- Thrust
of Sustainable Energy and Environment, The
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangdong 511400, China
| | - Ru Guo
- Thrust
of Sustainable Energy and Environment, The
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangdong 511400, China
| | - Jia Cheng
- State
Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ze Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yannan Xie
- College
of Automation & Artificial Intelligence, State Key Laboratory
of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of
Advanced Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu
National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Sangmin Lee
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-ang University, 84, Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Jihoon Chung
- Department
of Mechanical Design Engineering, Kumoh
National Institute of Technology (KIT), 61 Daehak-ro, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, South Korea
| | - Il-Kwon Oh
- National
Creative Research Initiative for Functionally Antagonistic Nano-Engineering,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of
Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Ji-Seok Kim
- National
Creative Research Initiative for Functionally Antagonistic Nano-Engineering,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of
Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Tinghai Cheng
- Beijing
Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Beijing
Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Gang Cheng
- Key
Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National
& Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency
Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering,
and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and
Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Guangqin Gu
- Key
Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National
& Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency
Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering,
and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and
Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Minseob Shim
- Department
of Electronic Engineering, College of Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinjudae-ro, Gaho-dong, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Jeehoon Jung
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
(UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Changwoo Yun
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
(UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Chi Zhang
- CAS
Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano
Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of
Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School
of Nanoscience and Technology, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guoxu Liu
- CAS
Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano
Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of
Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School
of Nanoscience and Technology, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yufeng Chen
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Suhan Kim
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- School
of Nanoscience and Technology, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS
Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing
Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Jun Hu
- School
of Nanoscience and Technology, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS
Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing
Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Pu
- School
of Nanoscience and Technology, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS
Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing
Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Zi Hao Guo
- School
of Nanoscience and Technology, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS
Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing
Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jun Chen
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xing Xie
- School
of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Mourin Jarin
- School
of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Hulin Zhang
- College
of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University
of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Chih Lai
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- i-Center
for Advanced Science and Technology, National
Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Innovation
and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Tianyiyi He
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, 117576, Singapore
| | - Hakjeong Kim
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419, South Korea
| | - Inkyu Park
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced
Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseong Ahn
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced
Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Nghia Dinh Huynh
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419, South Korea
| | - Ya Yang
- CAS
Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano
Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of
Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School
of Nanoscience and Technology, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center
on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing
Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School
of Nanoscience and Technology, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jeong Min Baik
- School
of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic
of Korea
- SKKU
Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419, South Korea
- KIST-SKKU
Carbon-Neutral Research Center, Sungkyunkwan
University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic
of Korea
| | - Dukhyun Choi
- SKKU
Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419, South Korea
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419, South Korea
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22
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Li Y, Fang T, Zhang J, Zhu H, Sun Y, Wang S, Lu Y, Kong D. Ultrasensitive and ultrastretchable electrically self-healing conductors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300953120. [PMID: 37253015 PMCID: PMC10266060 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300953120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-healing is a bioinspired strategy to repair damaged conductors under repetitive wear and tear, thereby largely extending the life span of electronic devices. The self-healing process often demands external triggering conditions as the practical challenges for the widespread applications. Here, a compliant conductor with electrically self-healing capability is introduced by combining ultrahigh sensitivity to minor damages and reliable recovery from ultrahigh tensile deformations. Conductive features are created in a scalable and low-cost fabrication process comprising a copper layer on top of liquid metal microcapsules. The efficient rupture of microcapsules is triggered by structural damages in the copper layer under stress conditions as a result of the strong interfacial interactions. The liquid metal is selectively filled into the damaged site for the instantaneous restoration of the metallic conductivity. The unique healing mechanism is responsive to various structural degradations including microcracks under bending conditions and severe fractures upon large stretching. The compliant conductor demonstrates high conductivity of ∼12,000 S/cm, ultrahigh stretchability of up to 1,200% strain, an ultralow threshold to activate the healing actions, instantaneous electrical recovery in microseconds, and exceptional electromechanical durability. Successful implementations in a light emitting diode (LED) matrix display and a multifunctional electronic patch demonstrate the practical suitability of the electrically self-healing conductor in flexible and stretchable electronics. The developments provide a promising approach to improving the self-healing capability of compliant conductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Ting Fang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Jiaxue Zhang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Hangyu Zhu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Yuping Sun
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Shaolei Wang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Yanqing Lu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Desheng Kong
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
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23
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Zhuang Q, Yao K, Wu M, Lei Z, Chen F, Li J, Mei Q, Zhou Y, Huang Q, Zhao X, Li Y, Yu X, Zheng Z. Wafer-patterned, permeable, and stretchable liquid metal microelectrodes for implantable bioelectronics with chronic biocompatibility. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg8602. [PMID: 37256954 PMCID: PMC10413659 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg8602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Implantable bioelectronics provide unprecedented opportunities for real-time and continuous monitoring of physiological signals of living bodies. Most bioelectronics adopt thin-film substrates such as polyimide and polydimethylsiloxane that exhibit high levels of flexibility and stretchability. However, the low permeability and relatively high modulus of these thin films hamper the long-term biocompatibility. In contrast, devices fabricated on porous substrates show the advantages of high permeability but suffer from low patterning density. Here, we report a wafer-scale patternable strategy for the high-resolution fabrication of supersoft, stretchable, and permeable liquid metal microelectrodes (μLMEs). We demonstrate 2-μm patterning capability, or an ultrahigh density of ~75,500 electrodes/cm2, of μLME arrays on a wafer-size (diameter, 100 mm) elastic fiber mat by photolithography. We implant the μLME array as a neural interface for high spatiotemporal mapping and intervention of electrocorticography signals of living rats. The implanted μLMEs have chronic biocompatibility over a period of eight months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuna Zhuang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kuanming Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mengge Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhuogui Lei
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiyu Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering (COCHE), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Quanjing Mei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yingying Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qiyao Huang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xinge Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering (COCHE), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems (RI-IWEAR), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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24
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Du T, Dong F, Xi Z, Zhu M, Zou Y, Sun P, Xu M. Recent Advances in Mechanical Vibration Energy Harvesters Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerators. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300401. [PMID: 36840670 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
With the development of autonomous/smart technologies and the Internet of Things (IoT), tremendous wireless sensor nodes (WSNs) are of great importance to realize intelligent mechanical engineering, which is significant in the industrial and social fields. However, current power supply methods, cable and battery for instance, face challenges such as layout difficulties, high cost, short life, and environmental pollution. Meanwhile, vibration is ubiquitous in machinery, vehicles, structures, etc., but has been regarded as an unwanted by-product and wasted in most cases. Therefore, it is crucial to harvest mechanical vibration energy to achieve in situ power supply for these WSNs. As a recent energy conversion technology, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is particularly good at harvesting such broadband, weak, and irregular mechanical energy, which provides a feasible scheme for the power supply of WSNs. In this review, recent achievements of mechanical vibration energy harvesting (VEH) related to mechanical engineering based on TENG are systematically reviewed from the perspective of contact-separation (C-S) and freestanding modes. Finally, existing challenges and forthcoming development orientation of the VEH based on TENG are discussed in depth, which will be conducive to the future development of intelligent mechanical engineering in the era of IoT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taili Du
- Dalian Key Lab of Marine Micro/Nano Energy and Self-Powered Systems, Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
- Collaborative Innovation Research Institute of Autonomous Ship, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Fangyang Dong
- Dalian Key Lab of Marine Micro/Nano Energy and Self-Powered Systems, Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Ziyue Xi
- Dalian Key Lab of Marine Micro/Nano Energy and Self-Powered Systems, Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Meixian Zhu
- Dalian Key Lab of Marine Micro/Nano Energy and Self-Powered Systems, Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
- Collaborative Innovation Research Institute of Autonomous Ship, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Yongjiu Zou
- Dalian Key Lab of Marine Micro/Nano Energy and Self-Powered Systems, Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
- Collaborative Innovation Research Institute of Autonomous Ship, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Peiting Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Research Institute of Autonomous Ship, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Minyi Xu
- Dalian Key Lab of Marine Micro/Nano Energy and Self-Powered Systems, Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
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25
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Ma J, Krisnadi F, Vong MH, Kong M, Awartani OM, Dickey MD. Shaping a Soft Future: Patterning Liquid Metals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2205196. [PMID: 36044678 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights the unique techniques for patterning liquid metals containing gallium (e.g., eutectic gallium indium, EGaIn). These techniques are enabled by two unique attributes of these liquids relative to solid metals: 1) The fluidity of the metal allows it to be injected, sprayed, and generally dispensed. 2) The solid native oxide shell allows the metal to adhere to surfaces and be shaped in ways that would normally be prohibited due to surface tension. The ability to shape liquid metals into non-spherical structures such as wires, antennas, and electrodes can enable fluidic metallic conductors for stretchable electronics, soft robotics, e-skins, and wearables. The key properties of these metals with a focus on methods to pattern liquid metals into soft or stretchable devices are summari.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwoo Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Febby Krisnadi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Man Hou Vong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Minsik Kong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Omar M Awartani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Michael D Dickey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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26
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Garg R, Patra NR, Samal S, Babbar S, Parida K. A review on accelerated development of skin-like MXene electrodes: from experimental to machine learning. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:8110-8133. [PMID: 37096943 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05969j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Foreshadowing future needs has catapulted the progress of skin-like electronic devices for human-machine interactions. These devices possess human skin-like properties such as stretchability, self-healability, transparency, biocompatibility, and wearability. This review highlights the recent progress in a promising material, MXenes, to realize soft, deformable, skin-like electrodes. Various structural designs, fabrication strategies, and rational guidelines adopted to realize MXene-based skin-like electrodes are outlined. We explicitly discussed machine learning-based material informatics to understand and predict the properties of MXenes. Finally, an outlook on the existing challenges and the future roadmap to realize soft skin-like MXene electrodes to facilitate technological advances in the next-generation human-machine interactions has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy Garg
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | | | | | - Shubham Babbar
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India
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27
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Wang X, Qin Q, Lu Y, Mi Y, Meng J, Zhao Z, Wu H, Cao X, Wang N. Smart Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on Stimulus-Response Materials: From Intelligent Applications to Self-Powered Systems. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1316. [PMID: 37110900 PMCID: PMC10141953 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Smart responsive materials can react to external stimuli via a reversible mechanism and can be directly combined with a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to deliver various intelligent applications, such as sensors, actuators, robots, artificial muscles, and controlled drug delivery. Not only that, mechanical energy in the reversible response of innovative materials can be scavenged and transformed into decipherable electrical signals. Because of the high dependence of amplitude and frequency on environmental stimuli, self-powered intelligent systems may be thus built and present an immediate response to stress, electrical current, temperature, magnetic field, or even chemical compounds. This review summarizes the recent research progress of smart TENGs based on stimulus-response materials. After briefly introducing the working principle of TENG, we discuss the implementation of smart materials in TENGs with a classification of several sub-groups: shape-memory alloy, piezoelectric materials, magneto-rheological, and electro-rheological materials. While we focus on their design strategy and function collaboration, applications in robots, clinical treatment, and sensors are described in detail to show the versatility and promising future of smart TNEGs. In the end, challenges and outlooks in this field are highlighted, with an aim to promote the integration of varied advanced intelligent technologies into compact, diverse functional packages in a self-powered mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Wang
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qinghao Qin
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yajun Mi
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiajing Meng
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zequan Zhao
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Han Wu
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Ning Wang
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China;
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28
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Xu J, Li Y, Liu T, Wang D, Sun F, Hu P, Wang L, Chen J, Wang X, Yao B, Fu J. Room-Temperature Self-Healing Soft Composite Network with Unprecedented Crack Propagation Resistance Enabled by a Supramolecular Assembled Lamellar Structure. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2300937. [PMID: 36964931 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Soft self-healing materials are compelling candidates for stretchable devices because of their excellent compliance, extensibility, and self-restorability. However, most existing soft self-healing polymers suffer from crack propagation and irreversible fatigue failure due to easy breakage of their dynamic amorphous, low-energy polymer networks. Herein, inspired by distinct structure-property relationship of biological tissues, a supramolecular interfacial assembly strategy of preparing soft self-healing composites with unprecedented crack propagation resistance is proposed by structurally engineering preferentially aligned lamellar structures within a dynamic and superstretchable poly(urea-ureathane) matrix (which is elongated to 24 750× its original length). Such a design affords a world-record fracture energy (501.6 kJ m-2 ), ultrahigh fatigue threshold (4064.1 J m-2 ), and outstanding elastic restorability (dimensional recovery from 13 times elongation), and preserving low modulus (1.2 MPa), high stretchability (3200%), and high room-temperature self-healing efficiency (97%). Thereby, the resultant composite represents the best of its kind and even surpasses most biological tissues. The lamellar 2D transition-metal carbide/carbonitride (MXene) structure also leads to a relatively high in-plane thermal conductivity, enabling composites as stretchable thermoconductive skins applied in joints of robotics to thermal dissipation. The present work illustrates a viable approach how autonomous self-healing, crack tolerance, and fatigue resistance can be merged in future material design.
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Affiliation(s)
- JianHua Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - YuKun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Tong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - FuYao Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Po Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - JiaoYang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - XueBin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - BoWen Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - JiaJun Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
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29
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Qian Y, Dong F, Guo L, Lu S, Xu X, Liu H. Self-Healing and Reprocessable Terpene Polysiloxane-Based Poly(thiourethane-urethane) Material with Reversible Thiourethane Bonds. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1184-1193. [PMID: 36808988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Polyurethane materials will come into contact with different solvents in daily life, and at the same time, they will be subject to different degrees of collision, wear and tear. Failure to take corresponding preventative or reparative measures will result in a waste of resources and an increase in costs. To this end, we prepared a novel polysiloxane with isobornyl acrylate and thiol groups as side groups, which was further used in the preparation of poly(thiourethane-urethane) materials. Thiourethane bonds generated by the click reaction of thiol groups with isocyanates endow poly(thiourethane-urethane) materials with the ability to heal and reprocess. Isobornyl acrylate with a large sterically hindered rigid ring promotes segment migration, accelerating the exchange of thiourethane bonds, which is beneficial to the recycling of materials. These results not only promote the development of terpene derivative-based polysiloxanes but also show the great potential of thiourethane as a dynamic covalent bond in the field of polymer reprocessing and healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehan Qian
- College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fuhao Dong
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, 210042 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lizhen Guo
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, 210042 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shanling Lu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xu Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - He Liu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, 210042 Jiangsu Province, China
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30
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Yue L, Macrae Montgomery S, Sun X, Yu L, Song Y, Nomura T, Tanaka M, Jerry Qi H. Single-vat single-cure grayscale digital light processing 3D printing of materials with large property difference and high stretchability. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1251. [PMID: 36878943 PMCID: PMC9988868 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36909-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Multimaterial additive manufacturing has important applications in various emerging fields. However, it is very challenging due to material and printing technology limitations. Here, we present a resin design strategy that can be used for single-vat single-cure grayscale digital light processing (g-DLP) 3D printing where light intensity can locally control the conversion of monomers to form from a highly stretchable soft organogel to a stiff thermoset within in a single layer of printing. The high modulus contrast and high stretchability can be realized simultaneously in a monolithic structure at a high printing speed (z-direction height 1 mm/min). We further demonstrate that the capability can enable previously unachievable or hard-to-achieve 3D printed structures for biomimetic designs, inflatable soft robots and actuators, and soft stretchable electronics. This resin design strategy thus provides a material solution in multimaterial additive manufacture for a variety of emerging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yue
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - S Macrae Montgomery
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Xiaohao Sun
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Luxia Yu
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Yuyang Song
- Toyota Research Institute of North America, Toyota Motor North America, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Nomura
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc., Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-0004, Japan
| | - Masato Tanaka
- Toyota Research Institute of North America, Toyota Motor North America, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - H Jerry Qi
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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31
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Patel DK, Ganguly K, Dutta SD, Patil TV, Randhawa A, Lim KT. Highly stretchable, adhesive, and biocompatible hydrogel platforms of tannic acid functionalized spherical nanocellulose for strain sensors. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:105-122. [PMID: 36587632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The development of multifunctional wearable electronic devices has received considerable attention because of their attractive applications. However, integrating multifunctional abilities into one component remains a challenge. To address this, we have developed a tannic acid-functionalized spherical nanocellulose/polyvinyl alcohol composite hydrogel using borax as a crosslinking agent for strain-sensing applications. The hydrogel demonstrates improved mechanical and recovery strengths and maintains its mechanical strength under freezing conditions. The hydrogels show ultra-stretching, adhesive, self-healing, and conductive properties, making them ideal candidates for developing strain-based wearable devices. The hydrogel exhibits good sensitivity with a 4.75 gauge factor. The cytotoxicity of the developed hydrogels was monitored with human dermal fibroblast cells by WST-8 assay in vitro. The antibacterial potential of the hydrogels was evaluated using Escherichia coli. The hydrogels demonstrate enhanced antibacterial ability than the control. Therefore, the developed multifunctional hydrogels with desirable properties are promising platforms for strain sensor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K Patel
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Keya Ganguly
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sayan Deb Dutta
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Tejal V Patil
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Aayushi Randhawa
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Zhou Y, Li L, Han Z, Li Q, He J, Wang Q. Self-Healing Polymers for Electronics and Energy Devices. Chem Rev 2023; 123:558-612. [PMID: 36260027 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Polymers are extensively exploited as active materials in a variety of electronics and energy devices because of their tailorable electrical properties, mechanical flexibility, facile processability, and they are lightweight. The polymer devices integrated with self-healing ability offer enhanced reliability, durability, and sustainability. In this Review, we provide an update on the major advancements in the applications of self-healing polymers in the devices, including energy devices, electronic components, optoelectronics, and dielectrics. The differences in fundamental mechanisms and healing strategies between mechanical fracture and electrical breakdown of polymers are underlined. The key concepts of self-healing polymer devices for repairing mechanical integrity and restoring their functions and device performance in response to mechanical and electrical damage are outlined. The advantages and limitations of the current approaches to self-healing polymer devices are systematically summarized. Challenges and future research opportunities are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Li Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Zhubing Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinliang He
- State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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33
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Zhao Z, Soni S, Lee T, Nijhuis CA, Xiang D. Smart Eutectic Gallium-Indium: From Properties to Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2203391. [PMID: 36036771 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn), a liquid metal with a melting point close to or below room temperature, has attracted extensive attention in recent years due to its excellent properties such as fluidity, high conductivity, thermal conductivity, stretchability, self-healing capability, biocompatibility, and recyclability. These features of EGaIn can be adjusted by changing the experimental condition, and various composite materials with extended properties can be further obtained by mixing EGaIn with other materials. In this review, not only the are unique properties of EGaIn introduced, but also the working principles for the EGaIn-based devices are illustrated and the developments of EGaIn-related techniques are summarized. The applications of EGaIn in various fields, such as flexible electronics (sensors, antennas, electronic circuits), molecular electronics (molecular memory, opto-electronic switches, or reconfigurable junctions), energy catalysis (heat management, motors, generators, batteries), biomedical science (drug delivery, tumor therapy, bioimaging and neural interfaces) are reviewed. Finally, a critical discussion of the main challenges for the development of EGaIn-based techniques are discussed, and the potential applications in new fields are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Zhao
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single Molecule Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, 300350, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Saurabh Soni
- Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Molecules Center and Center for Brain-Inspired Nano Systems, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Takhee Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Christian A Nijhuis
- Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Molecules Center and Center for Brain-Inspired Nano Systems, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Dong Xiang
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single Molecule Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, 300350, Tianjin, P. R. China
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34
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Chou S, Lu H, Liu T, Chen Y, Fu Y, Shieh Y, Lai Y, Chen S. An Environmental-Inert and Highly Self-Healable Elastomer Obtained via Double-Terminal Aromatic Disulfide Design and Zwitterionic Crosslinked Network for Use as a Triboelectric Nanogenerator. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2202815. [PMID: 36453583 PMCID: PMC9839881 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to the ongoing development of portable/mobile electronics, sources to power have received widespread attention. Compared to chemical batteries as power sources, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) possess lots of advantages, including the ability to harvest energy via human motions, flexible structures, environment-friendliness, and long-life characteristics. Although many self-healable TENGs are reported, the achievement of a muscle-like elasticity and the ability to recover from inevitable damage under extreme conditions (such as a high/low temperature and/or humidity) remain a challenge. Herein, a "double-terminal aromatic disulfide" on a structure with zwitterions as branched chains is reported to engineer the high-efficient self-healable elastomer for application in a flexible TENG. The as-designed material exhibits a repeatable elastic recovery (at 250% elongation) and a self-healing efficiency with an ultimate tensile stress of 96% over 2 h, representing an improvement on previously reported disulfide-based elastomers. The elastomer can autonomously recover by 50% even at a subzero temperature of -30 °C within 24 h. The elastomer-based TENG, as a self-driven sensor for detecting human behavior, is demonstrated to exhibit stable outputs and self-healing in the temperature range of -30 to 60 °C, and so is expected to promote the development of self-powered electronics for next-generation human-machine communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syun‐Hong Chou
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu30010Taiwan
| | - Hong‐Wei Lu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung40227Taiwan
| | - Ta‐Chung Liu
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei112304Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Ting Chen
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung40227Taiwan
| | - Yen‐Lin Fu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu30010Taiwan
| | - Yung‐Hsin Shieh
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu300044Taiwan
| | - Ying‐Chih Lai
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung40227Taiwan
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculturei‐Center for Advanced Science and TechnologyNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung40227Taiwan
| | - San‐Yuan Chen
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu30010Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical ScienceChina Medical UniversityTaichung City406040Taiwan
- Frontier Research Centre on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of MattersNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu300044Taiwan
- School of DentistryCollege of Dental MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung City80708Taiwan
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35
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Zhang J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Zhou J, Lu A. Transparent, Ultra-Stretching, Tough, Adhesive Carboxyethyl Chitin/Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Toward High-Performance Soft Electronics. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 15:8. [PMID: 36477664 PMCID: PMC9729505 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00980-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To date, hydrogels have gained increasing attentions as a flexible conductive material in fabricating soft electronics. However, it remains a big challenge to integrate multiple functions into one gel that can be used widely under various conditions. Herein, a kind of multifunctional hydrogel with a combination of desirable characteristics, including remarkable transparency, high conductivity, ultra-stretchability, toughness, good fatigue resistance, and strong adhesive ability is presented, which was facilely fabricated through multiple noncovalent crosslinking strategy. The resultant versatile sensors are able to detect both weak and large deformations, which owns a low detection limit of 0.1% strain, high stretchability up to 1586%, ultrahigh sensitivity with a gauge factor up to 18.54, as well as wide pressure sensing range (0-600 kPa). Meanwhile, the fabrication of conductive hydrogel-based sensors is demonstrated for various soft electronic devices, including a flexible human-machine interactive system, the soft tactile switch, an integrated electronic skin for unprecedented nonplanar visualized pressure sensing, and the stretchable triboelectric nanogenerators with excellent biomechanical energy harvesting ability. This work opens up a simple route for multifunctional hydrogel and promises the practical application of soft and self-powered wearable electronics in various complex scenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jipeng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-Based Medical Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Hu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-Based Medical Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-Based Medical Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinping Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-Based Medical Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ang Lu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-Based Medical Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
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36
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Tolvanen J, Nelo M, Alasmäki H, Siponkoski T, Mäkelä P, Vahera T, Hannu J, Juuti J, Jantunen H. Ultraelastic and High-Conductivity Multiphase Conductor with Universally Autonomous Self-Healing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2205485. [PMID: 36351708 PMCID: PMC9798996 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation, truly soft, and stretchable electronic circuits with material level self-healing functionality require high-performance solution-processable organic conductors capable of autonomously self-healing without external intervention. A persistent challenge is to achieve required performance level as electrical, mechanical, and self-healing properties optimized in tandem are difficult to attain. Here heterogenous multiphase conductor with cocontinuous morphology and macroscale phase separation for ultrafast universally autonomous self-healing with full recovery of pristine tensile and electrical properties in less than 120 and 900 s, respectively, is reported. The multiphase conductor is insensitive to flaws under stretching and achieves a synergistic combination of conductivity up to ≈1.5 S cm-1 , stress at break ≈4 MPa, toughness up to >81 MJ m-3 , and elastic recovery exceeding 2000% strain. Such properties are difficult to achieve simultaneously with any other type of material so far. The solution-processable multiphase conductor offers a paradigm shift for damage tolerant and environmentally resistant soft electronic components and circuits with material level self-healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarkko Tolvanen
- Microelectronics Research UnitFaculty of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringUniversity of OuluP.O. Box 4500OuluFI‐90014Finland
| | - Mikko Nelo
- Microelectronics Research UnitFaculty of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringUniversity of OuluP.O. Box 4500OuluFI‐90014Finland
| | - Heidi Alasmäki
- Microelectronics Research UnitFaculty of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringUniversity of OuluP.O. Box 4500OuluFI‐90014Finland
| | - Tuomo Siponkoski
- Microelectronics Research UnitFaculty of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringUniversity of OuluP.O. Box 4500OuluFI‐90014Finland
| | - Piia Mäkelä
- Research Unit of Medical ImagingPhysics and TechnologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OuluP.O. Box 5000OuluFI‐90014Finland
| | - Timo Vahera
- Microelectronics Research UnitFaculty of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringUniversity of OuluP.O. Box 4500OuluFI‐90014Finland
| | - Jari Hannu
- Microelectronics Research UnitFaculty of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringUniversity of OuluP.O. Box 4500OuluFI‐90014Finland
| | - Jari Juuti
- Microelectronics Research UnitFaculty of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringUniversity of OuluP.O. Box 4500OuluFI‐90014Finland
| | - Heli Jantunen
- Microelectronics Research UnitFaculty of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringUniversity of OuluP.O. Box 4500OuluFI‐90014Finland
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37
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Shi J, Wang Z, Zheng T, Liu X, Guo B, Xu J. Thermal and UV light adaptive polyurethane elastomers for photolithography-transfer printing of flexible circuits. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:3070-3077. [PMID: 36255220 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01005d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flexible polymers are widely used in the fields of wearable devices, soft robots, sensors, and other flexible electronics. Combining high strength and elasticity, electrical conductivity, self-healability, and surface tunable properties in one material becomes a challenge for designing polymeric materials for these applications, especially in flexible electronics. Herein, we propose a "two birds with one stone" strategy to synthesize thermal and UV light adaptive polyurethane elastomers with high-strength, self-healable, surface-modifiable and patternable functions for photolithography-transfer printing flexible circuits. The "stone", dihydroxybenzophenone, plays two roles in the synthesized polyurethanes as both a dynamic covalent bond and a UV-sensitive unit. On one hand, the phenolic group reacts with isocyanate to form a dynamic covalent phenol-carbamate bond, making the polymer self-healable, processable, and surface-embeddable with conductive fillers utilizing dynamic network rearrangement. On the other hand, the benzophenone group acts as a UV-sensitive unit to graft other functional groups to the polymer surface or self-crosslink on the surface under UV irradiation. Based on the dynamic covalent network and UV self-crosslinking properties, self-healable patterned flexible circuits can be obtained by photolithography-transfer printing. The flexible circuits prepared by loading silver nanowires on the dynamically crosslinked polyurethane substrate show little change of electric resistance when stretched up to 125% and can withstand thousands of stretching cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Shi
- Advanced Materials Laboratory of Ministry of Education (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Zhiqi Wang
- Advanced Materials Laboratory of Ministry of Education (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Tianze Zheng
- Advanced Materials Laboratory of Ministry of Education (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Xueyan Liu
- Advanced Materials Laboratory of Ministry of Education (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Baohua Guo
- Advanced Materials Laboratory of Ministry of Education (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Jun Xu
- Advanced Materials Laboratory of Ministry of Education (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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38
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Lee W, Kim H, Kang I, Park H, Jung J, Lee H, Park H, Park JS, Yuk JM, Ryu S, Jeong JW, Kang J. Universal assembly of liquid metal particles in polymers enables elastic printed circuit board. Science 2022; 378:637-641. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abo6631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
An elastic printed circuit board (E-PCB) is a conductive framework used for the facile assembly of system-level stretchable electronics. E-PCBs require elastic conductors that have high conductivity, high stretchability, tough adhesion to various components, and imperceptible resistance changes even under large strain. We present a liquid metal particle network (LMP
Net
) assembled by applying an acoustic field to a solid-state insulating liquid metal particle composite as the elastic conductor. The LMP
Net
conductor satisfies all the aforementioned requirements and enables the fabrication of a multilayered high-density E-PCB, in which numerous electronic components are intimately integrated to create highly stretchable skin electronics. Furthermore, we could generate the LMP
Net
in various polymer matrices, including hydrogels, self-healing elastomers, and photoresists, thus showing their potential for use in soft electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonbeom Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Kang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongjun Park
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeseung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunchang Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Su Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Yuk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghwa Ryu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Woong Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiheong Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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39
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Bai D, Liu F, Xie D, Lv F, Shen L, Tian Z. 3D printing of flexible strain sensor based on MWCNTs/flexible resin composite. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 34:045701. [PMID: 36265436 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac9c0b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The flexible strain sensor is an indispensable part in flexible integrated electronic systems and an important intermediate in external mechanical signal acquisition. The 3D printing technology provides a fast and cheap way to manufacture flexible strain sensors. In this paper, a MWCNTs/flexible resin composite for photocuring 3D printing was prepared using mechanical mixing method. The composite has a low percolation threshold (1.2%ωt). Based on the composite material, a flexible strain sensor with high performance was fabricated using digital light processing technology. The sensor has a GF of 8.98 under strain conditions ranging between 0% and 40% and a high elongation at break (48%). The sensor presents mechanical hysteresis under cyclic loading. With the increase of the strain amplitude, the mechanical hysteresis becomes more obvious. At the same time, the resistance response signal of the sensor shows double peaks during the unloading process, which is caused by the competition of disconnection and reconstruction of conductive network in the composite material. The test results show that the sensor has different response signals to different types of loads. Finally, its practicability is verified by applying it to balloon pressure detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Bai
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuxi Liu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, People's Republic of China
- Nanjing HANGPU Machinery Technology Co. Ltd, Nanjing 210016, People's Republic of China
- JITRI Institute of Precision Manufacturing, Nanjing 211806, People's Republic of China
| | - Deqiao Xie
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Lv
- Laboratory of High Power Fiber Laser Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, People's Republic of China
| | - Lida Shen
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongjun Tian
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, People's Republic of China
- Nanjing HANGPU Machinery Technology Co. Ltd, Nanjing 210016, People's Republic of China
- JITRI Institute of Precision Manufacturing, Nanjing 211806, People's Republic of China
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40
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Chen J, Peng Q, Peng X, Zhang H, Zeng H. Probing and Manipulating Noncovalent Interactions in Functional Polymeric Systems. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14594-14678. [PMID: 36054924 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Noncovalent interactions, which usually feature tunable strength, reversibility, and environmental adaptability, have been recognized as driving forces in a variety of biological and chemical processes, contributing to the recognition between molecules, the formation of molecule clusters, and the establishment of complex structures of macromolecules. The marriage of noncovalent interactions and conventional covalent polymers offers the systems novel mechanical, physicochemical, and biological properties, which are highly dependent on the binding mechanisms of the noncovalent interactions that can be illuminated via quantification. This review systematically discusses the nanomechanical characterization of typical noncovalent interactions in polymeric systems, mainly through direct force measurements at microscopic, nanoscopic, and molecular levels, which provide quantitative information (e.g., ranges, strengths, and dynamics) on the binding behaviors. The fundamental understandings of intermolecular and interfacial interactions are then correlated to the macroscopic performances of a series of noncovalently bonded polymers, whose functions (e.g., stimuli-responsiveness, self-healing capacity, universal adhesiveness) can be customized through the manipulation of the noncovalent interactions, providing insights into the rational design of advanced materials with applications in biomedical, energy, environmental, and other engineering fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Qiongyao Peng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Xuwen Peng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
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41
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Rahimi Sardo F, Rayegani A, Matin Nazar A, Balaghiinaloo M, Saberian M, Mohsan SAH, Alsharif MH, Cho HS. Recent Progress of Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Biomedical Sensors: From Design to Application. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090697. [PMID: 36140082 PMCID: PMC9496147 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) have gained prominence in recent years, and their structural design is crucial for improvement of energy harvesting performance and sensing. Wearable biosensors can receive information about human health without the need for external charging, with energy instead provided by collection and storage modules that can be integrated into the biosensors. However, the failure to design suitable components for sensing remains a significant challenge associated with biomedical sensors. Therefore, design of TENG structures based on the human body is a considerable challenge, as biomedical sensors, such as implantable and wearable self-powered sensors, have recently advanced. Following a brief introduction of the fundamentals of triboelectric nanogenerators, we describe implantable and wearable self-powered sensors powered by triboelectric nanogenerators. Moreover, we examine the constraints limiting the practical uses of self-powered devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rahimi Sardo
- Department of Mining Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 7616913439, Iran
| | - Arash Rayegani
- Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave, Tehran 1458889694, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | - Mohammed H. Alsharif
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - Ho-Shin Cho
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence:
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42
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Park H, Oh S, Kim D, Kim M, Lee C, Joo H, Woo I, Bae JW, Lee J. Plasticized PVC-Gel Single Layer-Based Stretchable Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Harvesting Mechanical Energy and Tactile Sensing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201070. [PMID: 35618482 PMCID: PMC9353411 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators have garnered significant attention as alternative power sources for wearable electronics owing to their simple structure, easy fabrication, low cost, and superior power output. In this study, a transparent, stretchable, and attachable triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is built with an advanced power output using plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-gel. The PVC-gel exhibit very high negative triboelectric properties and electrically insulating PVC became an electrically active material. It is found that a single layer of PVC-gel can act as a dielectric and as a conducting layer. The PVC-gel based single layer of triboelectric nanogenerator (S-TENG) creates output signals of 24.7 V and 0.83 µA, i.e., a 20-fold enhancement in the output power compared to pristine PVC-based TENGs. In addition, the S-TENG can stably generate output voltage and current under stretching condition (80%). The S-TENG can be implemented as a tactile sensor that can sense position and pressure without combining multiple elements or electrode grid patterns. This study provides new applications of power sources and tactile sensors in wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyosik Park
- Department of Energy Science and EngineeringDaegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)Daegu42988Republic of Korea
| | - Seung‐Ju Oh
- Future Convergence EngineeringSchool of EnergyMaterials and Chemical EngineeringKorea University of Technology and Education1600, Chungjeol‐roCheonan31253Republic of Korea
| | - Daeyeong Kim
- Department of Energy Science and EngineeringDaegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)Daegu42988Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyu Kim
- Department of Energy Science and EngineeringDaegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)Daegu42988Republic of Korea
| | - Cheoljae Lee
- Department of Energy Science and EngineeringDaegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)Daegu42988Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonseo Joo
- Department of Energy Science and EngineeringDaegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)Daegu42988Republic of Korea
| | - Insun Woo
- Future Convergence EngineeringSchool of EnergyMaterials and Chemical EngineeringKorea University of Technology and Education1600, Chungjeol‐roCheonan31253Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Bae
- Future Convergence EngineeringSchool of EnergyMaterials and Chemical EngineeringKorea University of Technology and Education1600, Chungjeol‐roCheonan31253Republic of Korea
| | - Ju‐Hyuck Lee
- Department of Energy Science and EngineeringDaegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)Daegu42988Republic of Korea
- Energy Science and Engineering Research CenterDaegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)333 Techno Jungang‐daero, Hyeonpung‐eup, Dalseong‐gunDaegu42988Republic of Korea
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43
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Chen X, Li Y, Yang Y, Zhang D, Guan Y, Bao M, Wang Z. A super-hydrophobic and antibiofouling membrane constructed from carbon sphere-welded MnO2 nanowires for ultra-fast separation of emulsion. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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44
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Kumar V, Kumar P, Deka R, Abbas Z, Mobin SM. Recent Development of Morphology-Controlled Hybrid Nanomaterials for Triboelectric Nanogenerator: A Review. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200067. [PMID: 35686889 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Being cognizant of modern electronic devices, the scientists are continuing to investigate renewable green-energy resources for a decade. Amid different energy harvesting systems, the triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have been found to be the most promising mechanical harvesting technology and have drawn attention to generate electrical energy. Thanks to its instant output power, choice to opt for wide-ranging materials, low maintenance cost, easy fabrication process and environmentally friendly nature. Due to numerous working modes of TENGs, it is dedicated to desired application at ambient conditions. In this review, an advance correlation of TENGs have been explained based on the variety of nanostructures, including 0D, 1D, 2D, 3D, metal organic frameworks (MOFs), coordination polymers (CPs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and perovskite materials. Moreover, an overview of previous and current perspectives of various nanomaterials, synthesis, fabrication and their applications in potential fields have been discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India
| | - Rakesh Deka
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India
| | - Zahir Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India
| | - Shaikh M Mobin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India.,Department of Bioscience and Bio-Medical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India.,Center for Electric Vehicle and Intelligent Transport Systems, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India
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45
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Ahn D, Sun J, Han S, Lee J, Jeong S, Cha S, Noh S, Choi H, Ren B, Yoon H, Kim H, Park J. Controllable Physical Synergized Triboelectricity, Shape Memory, Self-Healing, and Optical Sensing with Rollable Form Factor by Zn cluster. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200441. [PMID: 35451234 PMCID: PMC9366568 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To build devices offering users comfortable experience, it is important to focus on form factor and multifunctionality. In this study, for the first time, multifunctional Zn clusters with shape memory, self-healing, triboelectricity, and optical sensing synergized with rollable form factor are designed and fabricated by coordinating COO- and Zn2+ . As pore forming agent, Zn clusters produce hierarchical porous structure depending on Zn amount. Zn clusters are applied as message transmitters and charge containers in optical sensing and corona charge injection, respectively. Moreover, Zn clusters in PVB-COO-Zn serve as positive tribomaterial due to Zn ion doping effect, increasing the output performance as the Zn amount reaches 20 wt%. In addition, injecting positive charge into PVB-COO-Zn 20 lead to more than 24 times increase in output performance compared to those of non-porous structures. The reversibility of Zn clusters endows shape memory and self-healing, synergized with the rollable form factor. The rollability is implemented using the long alkyl chain and the energy absorption of porous structure, providing damage resistance. The advancements in this work provide opportunities for multifunctional and unique applications (shape memory rotating-triboelectric nanogenerator, rollable self-healing touchpad, hidden tag) synergized with rollability that accomplishes working in broadened condition in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahye Ahn
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringChonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea
| | - Jingzhe Sun
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringChonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghye Han
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringChonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringChonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea
| | - Songah Jeong
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringChonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea
| | - Seokjun Cha
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringChonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea
| | - Seonmyeong Noh
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringChonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongsub Choi
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringChonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea
| | - Bingqi Ren
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringChonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonseok Yoon
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringChonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringChonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea
| | - Jong‐Jin Park
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringChonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea
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46
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Chen Z, Yu J, Zhang X, Zeng H, Li Y, Wu J, Tao K. A button switch inspired duplex hydrogel sensor based on both triboelectric and piezoresistive effects for detecting dynamic and static pressure. NANOTECHNOLOGY AND PRECISION ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1063/10.0010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The capability to sense complex pressure variations comprehensively is vital for wearable electronics and flexible human–machine interfaces. In this paper, inspired by button switches, a duplex tactile sensor based on the combination of triboelectric and piezoresistive effects is designed and fabricated. Because of its excellent mechanical strength and electrical stability, a double-networked ionic hydrogel is used as both the conductive electrode and elastic current regulator. In addition, micro-pyramidal patterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) acts as both the friction layer and the encapsulation elastomer, thereby boosting the triboelectric output performance significantly. The duplex hydrogel sensor demonstrates comprehensive sensing ability in detecting the whole stimulation process including the dynamic and static pressures. The dynamic stress intensity (10–300 Pa), the action time, and the static variations (increase and decrease) of the pressure can be identified precisely from the dual-channel signals. Combined with a signal processing module, an intelligent visible door lamp is achieved for monitoring the entire “contact–hold–release–separation” state of the external stimulation, which shows great application potential for future smart robot e-skin and flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhensheng Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Jiahao Yu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhang
- AVIC Xi’an Aircraft Industry Group Company Ltd., Xi’an 710089, China
| | - Haozhe Zeng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Yunjia Li
- School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Jin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Kai Tao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
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47
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Liu Z, Li S, Lin S, Shi Y, Yang P, Chen X, Wang ZL. Crystallization-Induced Shift in a Triboelectric Series and Even Polarity Reversal for Elastic Triboelectric Materials. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:4074-4082. [PMID: 35522039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A stretchable triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) can be a promising solution for the power supply of various flexible electronics. However, the detailed electrification mechanism of elastic triboelectric materials still needs to be clarified. In this work, we found crystallization behavior induced by strain and low temperature can lead to a shift in a triboelectric series for commonly used triboelectric elastomers and even reverse the triboelectric polarity. This effect is attributed to the notable rearrangement of surface electron cloud density happening along with the crystallization process of the molecular chain. This effect is significant with natural rubber, and silicone rubber can experience this effect at low temperature, which also leads to a shift in a triboelectric series, and an applied strain at low temperature can further enhance this shift. This study demonstrated that the electrification polarity of triboelectric materials should be re-evaluated under different strains and different temperatures, which provides a mechanism distinct from the general understanding of elastic triboelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqi Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyao Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiquan Lin
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Shi
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
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48
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Kumar V, Kumar A, Alam MN, Park S. Effect of graphite nanoplatelets surface area on mechanical properties of room‐temperature vulcanized silicone rubber nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Kumar
- School of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan South Korea
| | - Anuj Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan South Korea
| | - Md. Najib Alam
- School of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan South Korea
| | - Sang‐Shin Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan South Korea
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49
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Nellepalli P, Kim MP, Park J, Noh SM, Ye Z, Jung HW, Ko H, Oh JK. Dynamic and Reprocessable Fluorinated Poly(hindered urea) Network Materials Containing Ionic Liquids to Enhance Triboelectric Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:17806-17817. [PMID: 35385641 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), a newly developed energy harvesting device that converts surrounding environmental mechanical stimuli into electricity, have been significantly explored as an ideal long-term power source for electrical devices. Despite recent advances, the development of advanced TENG devices with sufficient outputs to sustainably power electronic devices and rapid self-healability under mild conditions to improve their lifetime and function is highly demanded. Here, we report a robust self-healable and reprocessable TENG fabricated with a covalent adaptive network based on mechanically strong fluorinated poly(hindered urea) (F-PHU) integrated with ionic liquid as an efficient dielectric material to improve its triboelectric efficiency and self-healing capability simultaneously. The synthesis and integration of a well-defined reactive copolymer having both pendant fluorinated and t-butylamino bulky groups are the key to fabricate robust F-PHU networks containing fluorinated dangling chains that can interact with ionic liquids to induce ionic polarization, which raises the dielectric constant and thus increases triboelectric performance. They also are cross-linked with dynamic bulky urea linkages for rapid self-healability and high reprocessability through their reversible exchange reactions at moderate temperatures. The developed ionic F-PHU materials exhibit a high TENG output performance (power density of 173.0 mW/m2) as well as high TENG output recovery upon repairing their surface damages. This work demonstrates that such a synergistic design of triboelectric ionic F-PHU materials could have great potential for applications requiring high-performance and long-lasting energy harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pothanagandhi Nellepalli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Minsoo P Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung Park
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Man Noh
- Research Center for Advanced Specialty Chemicals, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan 44412, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhibin Ye
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Hyun Wook Jung
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunhyub Ko
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Kwon Oh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
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50
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Advanced Implantable Biomedical Devices Enabled by Triboelectric Nanogenerators. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12081366. [PMID: 35458075 PMCID: PMC9032723 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Implantable biomedical devices (IMDs) play essential roles in healthcare. Subject to the limited battery life, IMDs cannot achieve long-term in situ monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment. The proposal and rapid development of triboelectric nanogenerators free IMDs from the shackles of batteries and spawn a self-powered healthcare system. This review aims to overview the development of IMDs based on triboelectric nanogenerators, divided into self-powered biosensors, in vivo energy harvesting devices, and direct electrical stimulation therapy devices. Meanwhile, future challenges and opportunities are discussed according to the development requirements of current-level self-powered IMDs to enhance output performance, develop advanced triboelectric nanogenerators with multifunctional materials, and self-driven close-looped diagnosis and treatment systems.
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