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Keener R, Chhetri SB, Connelly CJ, Taub MA, Conomos MP, Weinstock J, Ni B, Strober B, Aslibekyan S, Auer PL, Barwick L, Becker LC, Blangero J, Bleecker ER, Brody JA, Cade BE, Celedon JC, Chang YC, Cupples LA, Custer B, Freedman BI, Gladwin MT, Heckbert SR, Hou L, Irvin MR, Isasi CR, Johnsen JM, Kenny EE, Kooperberg C, Minster RL, Naseri T, Viali S, Nekhai S, Pankratz N, Peyser PA, Taylor KD, Telen MJ, Wu B, Yanek LR, Yang IV, Albert C, Arnett DK, Ashley-Koch AE, Barnes KC, Bis JC, Blackwell TW, Boerwinkle E, Burchard EG, Carson AP, Chen Z, Chen YDI, Darbar D, de Andrade M, Ellinor PT, Fornage M, Gelb BD, Gilliland FD, He J, Islam T, Kaab S, Kardia SLR, Kelly S, Konkle BA, Kumar R, Loos RJF, Martinez FD, McGarvey ST, Meyers DA, Mitchell BD, Montgomery CG, North KE, Palmer ND, Peralta JM, Raby BA, Redline S, Rich SS, Roden D, Rotter JI, Ruczinski I, Schwartz D, Sciurba F, Shoemaker MB, Silverman EK, Sinner MF, Smith NL, Smith AV, Tiwari HK, Vasan RS, Weiss ST, Williams LK, Zhang Y, Ziv E, Raffield LM, Reiner AP, Arvanitis M, Greider CW, Mathias RA, Battle A. Validation of human telomere length multi-ancestry meta-analysis association signals identifies POP5 and KBTBD6 as human telomere length regulation genes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4417. [PMID: 38789417 PMCID: PMC11126610 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48394-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become well-powered to detect loci associated with telomere length. However, no prior work has validated genes nominated by GWAS to examine their role in telomere length regulation. We conducted a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of 211,369 individuals and identified five novel association signals. Enrichment analyses of chromatin state and cell-type heritability suggested that blood/immune cells are the most relevant cell type to examine telomere length association signals. We validated specific GWAS associations by overexpressing KBTBD6 or POP5 and demonstrated that both lengthened telomeres. CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of the predicted causal regions in K562 blood cells reduced expression of these genes, demonstrating that these loci are related to transcriptional regulation of KBTBD6 and POP5. Our results demonstrate the utility of telomere length GWAS in the identification of telomere length regulation mechanisms and validate KBTBD6 and POP5 as genes affecting telomere length regulation.
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Grants
- 5K12GM123914 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- R01AG069120 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- R35GM139580 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- R01 DK071891 NIDDK NIH HHS
- R01HL153805 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- R01AG081244 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- R35CA209974 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- R01HL105756 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01HL68959 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01HL079915 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01HL87681 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01 HL153805 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01HL-120393 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Keener
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Surya B Chhetri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carla J Connelly
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Margaret A Taub
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew P Conomos
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joshua Weinstock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bohan Ni
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin Strober
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Paul L Auer
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health & Equity, and Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Lucas Barwick
- LTRC Data Coordinating Center, The Emmes Company, LLC, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Eugene R Bleecker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Division of Pharmacogenomics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brian E Cade
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juan C Celedon
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yi-Cheng Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Brian Custer
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Internal Medicine - Nephrology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mark T Gladwin
- School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jill M Johnsen
- Department of Medicine and Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eimear E Kenny
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ryan L Minster
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Take Naseri
- Naseri & Associates Public Health Consultancy Firm and Family Health Clinic, Apia, Samoa
- International Health Institute, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Satupa'itea Viali
- Oceania University of Medicine, Apia, Samoa
- School of Medicine, National University of Samoa, Apia, Samoa
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sergei Nekhai
- Center for Sickle Cell Disease and Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Marilyn J Telen
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Baojun Wu
- Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research (CIGMA), Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ivana V Yang
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Christine Albert
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - Kathleen C Barnes
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas W Blackwell
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Esteban G Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - April P Carson
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MI, USA
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Dawood Darbar
- Division of Cardiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bruce D Gelb
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute and Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frank D Gilliland
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Talat Islam
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Kaab
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shannon Kelly
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Barbara A Konkle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- The Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fernando D Martinez
- Asthma & Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Stephen T McGarvey
- Department of Epidemiology & International Health Institute, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Deborah A Meyers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Division of Pharmacogenomics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Braxton D Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Courtney G Montgomery
- Genes and Human Disease, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Juan M Peralta
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin A Raby
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Dan Roden
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Ingo Ruczinski
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Schwartz
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Frank Sciurba
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M Benjamin Shoemaker
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Moritz F Sinner
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicholas L Smith
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hemant K Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Keoki Williams
- Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research (CIGMA), Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elad Ziv
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alexander P Reiner
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marios Arvanitis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carol W Greider
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- University Professor Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Alexis Battle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Malone Center for Engineering in Healthcare, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Data Science and AI Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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2
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Zhu Y, Meng Y, Zhang Y, Karlsson IK, Hägg S, Zhan Y. Genetically determined telomere length and its association with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and interstitial lung disease in biobank Japan: A Mendelian randomization study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23415. [PMID: 38163245 PMCID: PMC10757031 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and interstitial lung disease (ILD) have been linked to shorter telomere length (TL). While understanding this association has critical clinical implications for respiratory diseases, previous studies exploring these associations were conducted in European populations. The present study aims to investigate this relationship in an Asian population. Objective To examine the causal relationship between leukocyte TL and COPD and ILD in an Asian population. Design Setting, and Participants: We used a genome-wide association study summary statistics-based two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design to investigate the association between leukocyte TL, genetically predicted by nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms and the risk of COPD and ILD. Participants were Japanese individuals enrolled in the Biobank Japan Project, including 3315 COPD patients and 806 ILD patients. Exposure Leukocyte TL was genetically predicted by nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Results The inverse-variance weighted estimates showed a significant inverse association between leukocyte TL and COPD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.78; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.64, 0.95; P = 0.01) and ILD (OR = 0.29; 95 % CI: 0.14, 0.61; P = 0.001), respectively. All sensitivity analyses yielded consistent results. The MR-Egger regression intercept test showed no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy (Pintercept: COPD, 0.56; ILD: 0.70). Conclusion and Relevance: Our findings suggest that leukocyte telomere shortening may causally increase the risk of COPD and ILD. These results highlight the potential importance of TL for these respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yaxian Meng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yasi Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ida K. Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yiqiang Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Zhang JJ, Ye YX, Dorajoo R, Khor CC, Chang XL, Yu HC, Xie JC, Pan A, Koh WP. APOE Genotype Modifies the Association between Midlife Adherence to the Planetary Healthy Diet and Cognitive Function in Later Life among Chinese Adults in Singapore. J Nutr 2024; 154:252-260. [PMID: 38035998 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unclear if adherence to the planetary healthy diet (PHD), designed to improve human and environmental health, is associated with better cognitive function in aging, and if this association differs by apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the association between the PHD pattern and risk of poor cognitive function, and to further assess whether the APOE ε4 allele could modify this association. METHODS The study included 16,736 participants from the Singapore Chinese Health Study. The PHD score was calculated using data from a validated 165-item food frequency questionnaire at baseline (1993-1998), with higher scores indicating greater adherence to the PHD. Cognitive function was assessed by the Singapore-modified Mini-Mental State Examination at follow-up 3 visits (2014-2016). A subset of 9313 participants had APOE genotype data. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS We identified 2397 (14.3%) cases of poor cognitive function. In the total population, OR (95% CI) of poor cognitive function for each one-SD increment in the PHD score was 0.89 (0.85, 0.93). Carriers of APOE ε4 allele had increased risk of poor cognitive function (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.61). There was a significant interaction between the PHD score and the APOE ε4 allele (P-interaction = 0.042). Each one-SD increment in the PHD score was significantly associated with lower risk of poor cognitive function (OR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.83, 0.96) in non-carriers of APOE ε4 allele, but not in APOE ε4 allele carriers (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.89, 1.23). CONCLUSIONS Midlife adherence to the PHD was associated with reduced risk of poor cognitive function in later life. However, this was not observed in carriers of APOE ε4 allele who had higher risk of poor cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Juan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yi-Xiang Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu-Ling Chang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Han-Cheng Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jin-Chi Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore.
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4
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Chang Y, Zhou Y, Zhou J, Li W, Cao J, Jing Y, Zhang S, Shen Y, Lin Q, Fan X, Yang H, Dong X, Zhang S, Yi X, Shuai L, Shi L, Liu Z, Yang J, Ma X, Hao J, Chen K, Li MJ, Wang F, Huang D. Unraveling the causal genes and transcriptomic determinants of human telomere length. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8517. [PMID: 38129441 PMCID: PMC10739845 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere length (TL) shortening is a pivotal indicator of biological aging and is associated with many human diseases. The genetic determinates of human TL have been widely investigated, however, most existing studies were conducted based on adult tissues which are heavily influenced by lifetime exposure. Based on the analyses of terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length of telomere, individual genotypes, and gene expressions on 166 healthy placental tissues, we systematically interrogate TL-modulated genes and their potential functions. We discover that the TL in the placenta is comparatively longer than in other adult tissues, but exhibiting an intra-tissue homogeneity. Trans-ancestral TL genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on 644,553 individuals identify 20 newly discovered genetic associations and provide increased polygenic determination of human TL. Next, we integrate the powerful TL GWAS with placental expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping to prioritize 23 likely causal genes, among which 4 are functionally validated, including MMUT, RRM1, KIAA1429, and YWHAZ. Finally, modeling transcriptomic signatures and TRF-based TL improve the prediction performance of human TL. This study deepens our understanding of causal genes and transcriptomic determinants of human TL, promoting the mechanistic research on fine-grained TL regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junrui Zhou
- Department of Genetics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Li
- Tianjin Key Lab of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiasong Cao
- Tianjin Key Lab of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaqing Jing
- Department of Genetics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongmei Shen
- Tianjin Key Lab of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qimei Lin
- Tianjin Key Lab of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xutong Fan
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxi Yang
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaobao Dong
- Department of Genetics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianfu Yi
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jihui Hao
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mulin Jun Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Genetics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital; Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China.
| | - Dandan Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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5
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Coltell O, Asensio EM, Sorlí JV, Ortega-Azorín C, Fernández-Carrión R, Pascual EC, Barragán R, González JI, Estruch R, Alzate JF, Pérez-Fidalgo A, Portolés O, Ordovas JM, Corella D. Associations between the New DNA-Methylation-Based Telomere Length Estimator, the Mediterranean Diet and Genetics in a Spanish Population at High Cardiovascular Risk. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2004. [PMID: 38001857 PMCID: PMC10669035 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological aging is a relevant risk factor for chronic diseases, and several indicators for measuring this factor have been proposed, with telomere length (TL) among the most studied. Oxidative stress may regulate telomere shortening, which is implicated in the increased risk. Using a novel estimator for TL, we examined whether adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), a highly antioxidant-rich dietary pattern, is associated with longer TL. We determined TL using DNA methylation algorithms (DNAmTL) in 414 subjects at high cardiovascular risk from Spain. Adherence to the MedDiet was assessed by a validated score, and genetic variants in candidate genes and at the genome-wide level were analyzed. We observed several significant associations (p < 0.05) between DNAmTL and candidate genes (TERT, TERF2, RTEL1, and DCAF4), contributing to the validity of DNAmTL as a biomarker in this population. Higher adherence to the MedDiet was associated with lower odds of having a shorter TL in the whole sample (OR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.85-0.99; p = 0.049 after fully multivariate adjustment). Nevertheless, this association was stronger in women than in men. Likewise, in women, we observed a direct association between adherence to the MedDiet score and DNAmTL as a continuous variable (beta = 0.015; SE: 0.005; p = 0.003), indicating that a one-point increase in adherence was related to an average increase of 0.015 ± 0.005 kb in TL. Upon examination of specific dietary items within the global score, we found that fruits, fish, "sofrito", and whole grains exhibited the strongest associations in women. The novel score combining these items was significantly associated in the whole population. In the genome-wide association study (GWAS), we identified ten polymorphisms at the suggestive level of significance (p < 1 × 10-5) for DNAmTL (intergenics, in the IQSEC1, NCAPG2, and ABI3BP genes) and detected some gene-MedDiet modulations on DNAmTL. As this is the first study analyzing the DNAmTL estimator, genetics, and modulation by the MedDiet, more studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Coltell
- Department of Computer Languages and Systems, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.); (J.I.G.); (R.E.)
| | - Eva M. Asensio
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.); (J.I.G.); (R.E.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - José V. Sorlí
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.); (J.I.G.); (R.E.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carolina Ortega-Azorín
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.); (J.I.G.); (R.E.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rebeca Fernández-Carrión
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.); (J.I.G.); (R.E.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva C. Pascual
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rocío Barragán
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.); (J.I.G.); (R.E.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - José I. González
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.); (J.I.G.); (R.E.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.); (J.I.G.); (R.E.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan F. Alzate
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro Nacional de Secuenciación Genómica—CNSG, Sede de Investigación Universitaria—SIU, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Pérez-Fidalgo
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.P.-F.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Cancer (CIBERONC), Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Olga Portolés
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.); (J.I.G.); (R.E.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose M. Ordovas
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.P.-F.)
- Nutrition and Genomics, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.); (J.I.G.); (R.E.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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6
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Farrukh S, Baig S. Parental telomeres implications on immune senescence of newborns. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 12:81-86. [PMID: 38022874 PMCID: PMC10658162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Telomere, the biological chronometer, and its effect on the immune system considerably varies among individuals. During pregnancy, multiple risk factors affect telomere reprogramming during fetal life which can lead to health disparities in newborns. These changes may cause a long-term impact on the telomere genetics of the newborn and become a reason for lifelong health implications and immune senescence. Therefore, telomere shortening in parents due to genetic variation may act as a hallmark of immune senescence and aging in their newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Farrukh
- Department of Biochemistry, Ziauddin University Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saeeda Baig
- Department of Biochemistry, Ziauddin University Karachi, Pakistan
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7
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Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Ye M, Mao Y, Zhan Y. Telomere length and its association with systemic lupus erythematosus in an Asian population: A Mendelian randomization study. Lupus 2023; 32:1222-1226. [PMID: 37596879 DOI: 10.1177/09612033231195953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether shorter telomere length is a causal risk factor for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the Asian population. METHODS We applied the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method to the pooled statistics from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 6,707 SLE cases and 16,047 controls. We selected nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with genome-wide significance as instrumental variables for telomere length. The main analysis was carried out by the random-effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. Horizontal pleiotropy was evaluated by the intercept of MR-Egger regression. RESULTS A potentially causal relationship between longer genetically predicted telomere length and increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (OR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.21, 2.46, p = 0.01) was observed. The MR-Egger regression demonstrated an intercept proximal to zero (intercept = 0.017, p = 0.69), which does not provide evidence of the presence of horizontal pleiotropy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provided evidence supporting a potential causal relationship between longer telomere length and increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasi Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanan Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meijie Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yiqiang Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
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8
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Berry SB, Espich S, Thuong NTT, Chang X, Dorajoo R, Khor CC, Heng CK, Yuan JM, Fox D, Anaya-Sanchez A, Tenney L, Chang CJ, Kotov DI, Vance RE, Dunstan SJ, Darwin KH, Stanley SA. Disruption of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 protects against bacterial infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.24.554661. [PMID: 37662190 PMCID: PMC10473740 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.24.554661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The ALDH2*2 (rs671) allele is one of the most common genetic mutations in humans, yet the positive evolutionary selective pressure to maintain this mutation is unknown, despite its association with adverse health outcomes. ALDH2 is responsible for the detoxification of metabolically produced aldehydes, including lipid-peroxidation end products derived from inflammation. Here, we demonstrate that host-derived aldehydes 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), malondialdehyde (MDA), and formaldehyde (FA), all of which are metabolized by ALDH2, are directly toxic to the bacterial pathogens Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Francisella tularensis at physiological levels. We find that Aldh2 expression in macrophages is decreased upon immune stimulation, and that bone marrow-derived macrophages from Aldh2 -/- mice contain elevated aldehydes relative to wild-type mice. Macrophages deficient for Aldh2 exhibited enhanced control of Francisella infection. Finally , mice lacking Aldh2 demonstrated increased resistance to pulmonary infection by M. tuberculosis , including in a hypersusceptible model of tuberculosis, and were also resistant to Francisella infection. We hypothesize that the absence of ALDH2 contributes to the host's ability to control infection by pathogens such as M. tuberculosis and F. tularensis , and that host-derived aldehydes act as antimicrobial factors during intracellular bacterial infections. One sentence summary Aldehydes produced by host cells contribute to the control of bacterial infections.
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9
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Teng Y, Huang DQ, Li RX, Yi C, Zhan YQ. Association Between Telomere Length and Risk of Lung Cancer in an Asian Population: A Mendelian Randomization Study. World J Oncol 2023; 14:277-284. [PMID: 37560336 PMCID: PMC10409562 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several traditional observational studies and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies have indicated an association between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and the risk of lung cancer in the European population. However, the results in the Asian population are still unclear. The objective was to reveal the genetic causal association between LTL and the risk of lung cancer in the Asian population. METHODS We conducted a two-sample MR analysis using summary statistics. Instrumental variables (IVs) were obtained from the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of LTL (n = 23,096) and lung cancer (n = 212,453) of Asian ancestry. We applied the random-effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW) model as the main method. As well, several other models were performed as complementary methods to assess the impact of potential MR assumption violations, including MR-Egger regression, weighted median, and weighted mode models. RESULTS We included eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as IVs for LTL and found that LTL was significantly associated with the risk of lung cancer in the IVW model (odds ratio (OR): 1.60; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31 - 1.97; P = 5.96 × 10-6), which was in line with the results in the weighted median and weighted mode models. However, the relationship was not statistically significant in the MR-Egger regression model (OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 0.92 - 2.26; P = 0.160). Sensitivity analyses indicated the robustness of the results. CONCLUSIONS This two-sample MR study confirmed that longer telomere length significantly increased the risk of lung cancer in the Asian population, which was in accord with findings in the Western population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Teng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Dan Qi Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Rui Xi Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Chao Yi
- Guangming Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Qiang Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Ignatieva EV, Yudin NS, Larkin DM. Compilation and functional classification of telomere length-associated genes in humans and other animal species. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2023; 27:283-292. [PMID: 37293446 PMCID: PMC10244590 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-23-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are the terminal regions of chromosomes that ensure their stability while cell division. Telomere shortening initiates cellular senescence, which can lead to degeneration and atrophy of tissues, so the process is associated with a reduction in life expectancy and predisposition to a number of diseases. An accelerated rate of telomere attrition can serve as a predictor of life expectancy and health status of an individual. Telomere length is a complex phenotypic trait that is determined by many factors, including the genetic ones. Numerous studies (including genome-wide association studies, GWAS) indicate the polygenic nature of telomere length control. The objective of the present study was to characterize the genetic basis of the telomere length regulation using the GWAS data obtained during the studies of various human and other animal populations. To do so, a compilation of the genes associated with telomere length in GWAS experiments was collected, which included information on 270 human genes, as well as 23, 22, and 9 genes identified in the cattle, sparrow, and nematode, respectively. Among them were two orthologous genes encoding a shelterin protein (POT1 in humans and pot-2 in C. elegans). Functional analysis has shown that telomere length can be influenced by genetic variants in the genes encoding: (1) structural components of telomerase; (2) the protein components of telomeric regions (shelterin and CST complexes); (3) the proteins involved in telomerase biogenesis and regulating its activity; (4) the proteins that regulate the functional activity of the shelterin components; (5) the proteins involved in telomere replication and/or capping; (6) the proteins involved in the alternative telomere lengthening; (7) the proteins that respond to DNA damage and are responsible for DNA repair; (8) RNA-exosome components. The human genes identified by several research groups in populations of different ethnic origins are the genes encoding telomerase components such as TERC and TERT as well as STN1 encoding the CST complex component. Apparently, the polymorphic loci affecting the functions of these genes may be the most reliable susceptibility markers for telomere-related diseases. The systematized data about the genes and their functions can serve as a basis for the development of prognostic criteria for telomere length-associated diseases in humans. Information about the genes and processes that control telomere length can be used for marker-assisted and genomic selection in the farm animals, aimed at increasing the duration of their productive lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Ignatieva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - N S Yudin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - D M Larkin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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11
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Vassiliou G. Telomere Length and Clonal Hematopoiesis. N Engl J Med 2023. [PMID: 37140164 DOI: 10.1056/nejme2303022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- George Vassiliou
- From the Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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12
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Hill C, Duffy S, Kettyle LM, McGlynn L, Sandholm N, Salem RM, Thompson A, Swan EJ, Kilner J, Rossing P, Shiels PG, Lajer M, Groop PH, Maxwell AP, McKnight AJ. Differential Methylation of Telomere-Related Genes Is Associated with Kidney Disease in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051029. [PMID: 37239390 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) represents a major global health problem. Accelerated ageing is a key feature of DKD and, therefore, characteristics of accelerated ageing may provide useful biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Harnessing multi-omics, features affecting telomere biology and any associated methylome dysregulation in DKD were explored. Genotype data for nuclear genome polymorphisms in telomere-related genes were extracted from genome-wide case-control association data (n = 823 DKD/903 controls; n = 247 end-stage kidney disease (ESKD)/1479 controls). Telomere length was established using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Quantitative methylation values for 1091 CpG sites in telomere-related genes were extracted from epigenome-wide case-control association data (n = 150 DKD/100 controls). Telomere length was significantly shorter in older age groups (p = 7.6 × 10-6). Telomere length was also significantly reduced (p = 6.6 × 10-5) in DKD versus control individuals, with significance remaining after covariate adjustment (p = 0.028). DKD and ESKD were nominally associated with telomere-related genetic variation, with Mendelian randomisation highlighting no significant association between genetically predicted telomere length and kidney disease. A total of 496 CpG sites in 212 genes reached epigenome-wide significance (p ≤ 10-8) for DKD association, and 412 CpG sites in 193 genes for ESKD. Functional prediction revealed differentially methylated genes were enriched for Wnt signalling involvement. Harnessing previously published RNA-sequencing datasets, potential targets where epigenetic dysregulation may result in altered gene expression were revealed, useful as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Hill
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Seamus Duffy
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Laura M Kettyle
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Liane McGlynn
- College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Niina Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rany M Salem
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Alex Thompson
- School of Medicine, The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Elizabeth J Swan
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Jill Kilner
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Peter Rossing
- Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark and Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center, 2730 Gentofte, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul G Shiels
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Maria Lajer
- Steno Diabetes Center, 2730 Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Alexander Peter Maxwell
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
- Regional Nephrology Unit, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast BT9 7AB, UK
| | - Amy Jayne McKnight
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
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13
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Hill C, Duffy S, Coulter T, Maxwell AP, McKnight AJ. Harnessing Genomic Analysis to Explore the Role of Telomeres in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:609. [PMID: 36980881 PMCID: PMC10048490 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes is increasing globally, and this trend is predicted to continue for future decades. Research is needed to uncover new ways to manage diabetes and its co-morbidities. A significant secondary complication of diabetes is kidney disease, which can ultimately result in the need for renal replacement therapy, via dialysis or transplantation. Diabetic kidney disease presents a substantial burden to patients, their families and global healthcare services. This review highlights studies that have harnessed genomic, epigenomic and functional prediction tools to uncover novel genes and pathways associated with DKD that are useful for the identification of therapeutic targets or novel biomarkers for risk stratification. Telomere length regulation is a specific pathway gaining attention recently because of its association with DKD. Researchers are employing both observational and genetics-based studies to identify telomere-related genes associated with kidney function decline in diabetes. Studies have also uncovered novel functions for telomere-related genes beyond the immediate regulation of telomere length, such as transcriptional regulation and inflammation. This review summarises studies that have revealed the potential to harness therapeutics that modulate telomere length, or the associated epigenetic modifications, for the treatment of DKD, to potentially slow renal function decline and reduce the global burden of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Hill
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Seamus Duffy
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Tiernan Coulter
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Alexander Peter Maxwell
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
- Regional Nephrology Unit, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast BT9 7AB, UK
| | - Amy Jayne McKnight
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
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14
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Chang X, Chua KY, Ng FL, Wang L, Liu J, Yuan JM, Khor CC, Heng CK, Dorajoo R, Koh WP. Increased BMI and late-life mobility dysfunction; overlap of genetic effects in brain regions. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:358-364. [PMID: 36788305 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND How obesity earlier in life impacts upon mobility dysfunctions in late life is not well understood. Pernicious effects of excess weight on the musculoskeletal system and mobility dysfunctions are well-recognized. However, increasingly more data support the link of obesity to overall motor defects that are regulated in the brain. OBJECTIVES To assess the causal relationship between body mass index (BMI) at midlife and performance of the Timed Up-and-Go test (TUG) in late life among a population-based longitudinal cohort of Chinese adults living in Singapore. METHODS We evaluated genetic predispositions for BMI in 8342 participants who were followed up from measurement of BMI at average 53 years, to TUG test (as a functional mobility measure) 20 years later. RESULTS A robust 75.83% of genetically determined BMI effects on late-life TUG scores were mediated through midlife BMI (Pindirect-effect = 9.24 × 10-21). Utilizing Mendelian randomization, we demonstrated a causal effect between BMI and functional mobility in late life (βIVW = 0.180, PIVW = 0.001). Secondary gene enrichment evaluations highlighted down-regulation of genes at BMI risk loci that were correlated with poorer functional mobility in the substantia nigra and amygdala regions as compared to all other tissues. These genes also exhibit differential expression patterns during human brain development. CONCLUSIONS We report a causal effect of obesity on mobility dysfunction. Our findings highlight potential neuronal dysfunctions in regulating predispositions on the causal pathway from obesity to mobility dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuling Chang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Kevin Yiqiang Chua
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Fang Lin Ng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Ling Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. .,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore. .,Health Systems and Services Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117545, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 117609, Singapore
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15
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Perez-Paramo YX, Watson CJ, Chen G, Thomas CE, Adams-Haduch J, Wang R, Khor CC, Koh WP, Nelson HH, Yuan JM, Lazarus P. Impact of Genetic Variants in the Nicotine Metabolism Pathway on Nicotine Metabolite Levels in Smokers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:54-65. [PMID: 36252563 PMCID: PMC9827107 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotine metabolism is a major factor in nicotine dependence, with approximately 70% to 80% of nicotine metabolized to cotinine in Caucasians. Cotinine formation is catalyzed primarily by CYP2A6, which also converts cotinine to trans-3'-hydroxycotinine (3HC). The goal of the present study was to examine the effects of CYP2A6 deficiency on nicotine metabolism profiles in vivo and the importance of genetic variants in nicotine-metabolizing enzyme genes on urinary nicotine metabolites levels. METHODS Urine samples from 722 smokers who participated in the Singapore Chinese Health Study were analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS to detect nicotine and eight of its urinary metabolites, and a total of 58 variants in 12 genes involved in nicotine metabolism were investigated in 475 of these subjects with informative genotyping data. RESULTS Urine samples stratified by the ratio of 3HC/cotinine exhibited a 7-fold increase in nicotine-N'-oxide, a 6-fold increase in nicotine-Glucuronide (Gluc), and a 5-fold decrease in 3HC-Gluc when comparing the lower versus upper 3HC/cotinine ventiles. Significant (P < 0.0001) associations were observed between functional metabolizing enzyme genotypes and levels of various urinary nicotine metabolites, including CYP2A6 genotype and levels of nicotine, nicotine-Gluc, nicotine-N'-oxide and 3HC, UGT2B10 genotype and levels of cotinine, nicotine-Gluc and cotinine-Gluc, UGT2B17 genotype and levels of 3HC-Gluc, FMO3 genotype and levels of nicotine-N'-oxide, and CYP2B6 genotype and levels of nicotine-N'-oxide and 4-hydroxy-4-(3-pyridyl)-butanoic acid. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that several pathways are important in nicotine metabolism. IMPACT Genotype differences in several nicotine-metabolizing enzyme pathways may potentially lead to differences in nicotine dependence and smoking behavior and cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadira X. Perez-Paramo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Christy J.W. Watson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Claire E. Thomas
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Eye Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Heather H. Nelson
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Corresponding Authors: Philip Lazarus, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, PBS building, Room 431, Spokane, Washington, 99210-1495. E-mail: ; and Jian-Min Yuan, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15232. E-mail:
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington.,Corresponding Authors: Philip Lazarus, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, PBS building, Room 431, Spokane, Washington, 99210-1495. E-mail: ; and Jian-Min Yuan, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15232. E-mail:
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16
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Genetic Variants in Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Contribute to Solar Lentigines. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 143:1062-1072.e25. [PMID: 36572090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Solar lentigines (SLs) are a hallmark of human skin aging. They result from chronic exposure to sunlight and other environmental stressors. Recent studies also imply genetic factors, but findings are partially conflicting and lack of replication. Through a multi-trait based analysis strategy, we discovered that genetic variants in telomerase reverse transcriptase were significantly associated with non-facial SL in two East Asian (Taizhou longitudinal cohort, n = 2,964 and National Survey of Physical Traits, n = 2,954) and one Caucasian population (SALIA, n = 462), top SNP rs2853672 (P-value for Taizhou longitudinal cohort = 1.32 × 10‒28 and P-value for National Survey of Physical Traits = 3.66 × 10‒17 and P-value for SALIA = 0.0007 and Pmeta = 4.93 × 10‒44). The same variants were nominally associated with facial SL but not with other skin aging or skin pigmentation traits. The SL-enhanced allele/haplotype upregulated the transcription of the telomerase reverse transcriptase gene. Of note, well-known telomerase reverse transcriptase‒related aging markers such as leukocyte telomere length and intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration were not associated with SL. Our results indicate a previously unrecognized role of telomerase reverse transcriptase in skin aging‒related lentigines formation.
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17
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Ye M, Wang Y, Zhan Y. Genetic association of leukocyte telomere length with Graves’ disease in Biobank Japan: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2022; 13:998102. [PMID: 36248806 PMCID: PMC9559571 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.998102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Telomere length (TL) has been recognized to be fundamental to the risk of autoimmune disorders. However, the role of leukocyte TL in Graves’ disease has not yet been fully elucidated. In the study, we exploited the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design to evaluate the causal effect of leukocyte TL on the risk of Graves’ disease. Methods Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of leukocyte TL from the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS) cohort and Graves’ disease from Biobank Japan (BBJ, 2176 cases and 210,277 controls) were analyzed. Nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables (IVs) for TL. We used the inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach as the main estimator and MR-Egger regression, weighted median, simple mode, and weighed mode methods as complementary estimators. Horizontal pleiotropy was assessed using the intercept from MR-Egger. Results The analysis demonstrated that genetically predicted longer leukocyte TL was causally associated with a lower risk of Graves’ disease using the IVW method (odds ratio [OR]: 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23-2.17, P=2.27e-04, and other complementary MR approaches achieved similar results. The intercept from the MR-Egger analysis provided no noticeable evidence of horizontal pleiotropy (β=0.02, P=0.641). MR-PRESSO method reported no outliers (P=0.266). Conclusions Our results provided evidence to support a genetic predisposition to shorter leukocyte TL with an increased risk of Graves’ disease. Further studies are warranted to explore the mechanism underlying the association.
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18
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Tummala H, Walne A, Buccafusca R, Alnajar J, Szabo A, Robinson P, McConkie-Rosell A, Wilson M, Crowley S, Kinsler V, Ewins AM, Madapura PM, Patel M, Pontikos N, Codd V, Vulliamy T, Dokal I. Germline thymidylate synthase deficiency impacts nucleotide metabolism and causes dyskeratosis congenita. Am J Hum Genet 2022; 109:1472-1483. [PMID: 35931051 PMCID: PMC9388389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyskeratosis congenita (DC) is an inherited bone-marrow-failure disorder characterized by a triad of mucocutaneous features that include abnormal skin pigmentation, nail dystrophy, and oral leucoplakia. Despite the identification of several genetic variants that cause DC, a significant proportion of probands remain without a molecular diagnosis. In a cohort of eight independent DC-affected families, we have identified a remarkable series of heterozygous germline variants in the gene encoding thymidylate synthase (TYMS). Although the inheritance appeared to be autosomal recessive, one parent in each family had a wild-type TYMS coding sequence. Targeted genomic sequencing identified a specific haplotype and rare variants in the naturally occurring TYMS antisense regulator ENOSF1 (enolase super family 1) inherited from the other parent. Lymphoblastoid cells from affected probands have severe TYMS deficiency, altered cellular deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate pools, and hypersensitivity to the TYMS-specific inhibitor 5-fluorouracil. These defects in the nucleotide metabolism pathway resulted in genotoxic stress, defective transcription, and abnormal telomere maintenance. Gene-rescue studies in cells from affected probands revealed that post-transcriptional epistatic silencing of TYMS is occurring via elevated ENOSF1. These cell and molecular abnormalities generated by the combination of germline digenic variants at the TYMS-ENOSF1 locus represent a unique pathogenetic pathway for DC causation in these affected individuals, whereas the parents who are carriers of either of these variants in a singular fashion remain unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemanth Tummala
- Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK.
| | - Amanda Walne
- Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Roberto Buccafusca
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Jenna Alnajar
- Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Anita Szabo
- Institute of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, 11-43 Bath St, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Peter Robinson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Dr., Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | | | - Meredith Wilson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Suzanne Crowley
- Department of Paediatrics, St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Veronica Kinsler
- Department of Paediatric Dermatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Anna-Maria Ewins
- Haematology/Oncology Department, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow, UK
| | - Pradeepa M Madapura
- Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Manthan Patel
- Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Nikolas Pontikos
- Institute of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, 11-43 Bath St, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Veryan Codd
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Tom Vulliamy
- Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Inderjeet Dokal
- Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
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19
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Leukocyte Telomere Length as a Molecular Biomarker of Coronary Heart Disease. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071234. [PMID: 35886017 PMCID: PMC9318544 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. This work is a review of preclinical and clinical studies of the role of telomeres and telomerase in the development and progression of coronary heart disease (CHD). Materials and methods. A search for full-text publications (articles, reviews, meta-analyses, Cochrane reviews, and clinical cases) in English and Russian was carried out in the databases PubMed, Oxford University Press, Scopus, Web of Science, Springer, and E-library electronic library using keywords and their combinations. The search depth is 11 years (2010–2021). Results. The review suggests that the relative leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with the development of socially significant and widespread cardiovascular diseases such as CHD and essential hypertension. At the same time, the interests of researchers are mainly focused on the study of the relative LTL in CHD. Conclusions. Despite the scientific and clinical significance of the analyzed studies of the relative length of human LTL as a biological marker of cardiovascular diseases, their implementation in real clinical practice is difficult due to differences in the design and methodology of the analyzed studies, as well as differences in the samples by gender, age, race, and ethnicity. The authors believe that clinical studies of the role of the relative length of leukocyte telomeres in adult patients with coronary heart disease are the most promising and require large multicenter studies with a unified design and methodology.
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20
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Genetic, parental and lifestyle factors influence telomere length. Commun Biol 2022; 5:565. [PMID: 35681050 PMCID: PMC9184499 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03521-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe average length of telomere repeats (TL) declines with age and is considered to be a marker of biological ageing. Here, we measured TL in six blood cell types from 1046 individuals using the clinically validated Flow-FISH method. We identified remarkable cell-type-specific variations in TL. Host genetics, environmental, parental and intrinsic factors such as sex, parental age, and smoking are associated to variations in TL. By analysing the genome-wide methylation patterns, we identified that the association of maternal, but not paternal, age to TL is mediated by epigenetics. Single-cell RNA-sequencing data for 62 participants revealed differential gene expression in T-cells. Genes negatively associated with TL were enriched for pathways related to translation and nonsense-mediated decay. Altogether, this study addresses cell-type-specific differences in telomere biology and its relation to cell-type-specific gene expression and highlights how perinatal factors play a role in determining TL, on top of genetics and lifestyle.
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21
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Shortened Telomere Length in Sputum Cells of Bronchiectasis Patients is Associated with Dysfunctional Inflammatory Pathways. Lung 2022; 200:401-407. [PMID: 35660961 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-022-00535-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Telomere attrition is an established ageing biomarker and shorter peripheral blood leukocyte telomere length has been associated with increased risks of respiratory diseases. However, whether telomere length in disease-relevant sputum immune cells of chronic respiratory disease patients is shortened and which pathways are dysfunctional are not clear. Here we measured telomere length from sputum samples of bronchiectasis and asthmatic subjects and determined that telomere length in sputum of bronchiectasis subjects was significantly shorter (Beta = - 1.167, PAdj = 2.75 × 10-4). We further performed global gene expression analysis and identified genes involved in processes such as NLRP3 inflammasome activation and regulation of adaptive immune cells when bronchiectasis sputum telomere length was shortened. Our study provides insights on dysfunctions related to shortened telomere length in sputum immune cells of bronchiectasis patients.
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22
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Geng T, Chang X, Wang L, Liu G, Liu J, Khor CC, Neelakantan N, Yuan JM, Koh WP, Pan A, Dorajoo R, Heng CK. The association of genetic susceptibility to smoking with cardiovascular disease mortality and the benefits of adhering to a DASH diet: The Singapore Chinese Health Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:386-393. [PMID: 35551603 PMCID: PMC9348979 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the genetic predisposition to cardiovascular disease (CVD) may help to improve clinical intervention strategies. Lifestyle factors, such as diet, may differ among ethnic groups and may, in turn, modify individuals' risks to diseases. OBJECTIVES We examined the genetic predisposition to ever smoking in relation to CVD mortality and assessed whether such an association could be modified by dietary intake. METHODS A total of 23,760 Chinese adults from the Singapore Chinese Heath Study who were free of cancer and CVD at recruitment (1993-1998) were included in the study. A weighted genetic risk score (wGRS) was calculated to define the genetically determined regular smoking behavior (never or ever). Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models were used to assess the association between the wGRS and CVD mortality. We also conducted a 1-sample Mendelian randomization analysis for ever smoking and CVD mortality. RESULTS Over a mean of 22.6 years of follow-up, 2301 CVD deaths were identified. A genetic predisposition to ever smoking was significantly associated with CVD mortality; the multivariable-adjusted HR of CVD mortality was 1.07 (95% CI: 1.03-1.12), with a per-SD increment in the wGRS. However, the Mendelian randomization analysis did not support a causal relationship between ever smoking and CVD mortality (OR, 1.13; 95% CI: 0.87-1.45). Additionally, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score significantly modified the association between the smoking wGRS and CVD mortality; the association between a genetic predisposition to smoking and CVD mortality was only observed among individuals with a low DASH score (P-interaction = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS A genetic predisposition to smoking was associated with CVD mortality in the Chinese population. In addition, we detected a significant interaction showing higher CVD mortality related to genetically determined smoking among those with lower DASH scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Geng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health and School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Xuling Chang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ling Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health and School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nithya Neelakantan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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23
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Chang X, Zhou YF, Wang L, Liu J, Yuan JM, Khor CC, Heng CK, Pan A, Koh WP, Dorajoo R. Genetic associations with healthy ageing among Chinese adults. NPJ AGING 2022; 8:6. [PMID: 35927272 PMCID: PMC9158790 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-022-00086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The genetic basis of overall healthy ageing, especially among the East-Asian population is understudied. We conducted a genome-wide association study among 1618 Singapore Chinese elderly participants (65 years or older) ascertained to have aged healthily and compared their genome-wide genotypes to 6221 participants who did not age healthily, after a 20-year follow-up. Two genetic variants were identified (PMeta < 2.59 × 10-8) to be associated with healthy aging, including the LRP1B locus previously associated in long-lived individuals without cognitive decline. Our study sheds additional insights on the genetic basis of healthy ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuling Chang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Yan-Feng Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117545, Singapore.
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 117609, Singapore.
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
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Ho PJ, Ho WK, Khng AJ, Yeoh YS, Tan BKT, Tan EY, Lim GH, Tan SM, Tan VKM, Yip CH, Mohd-Taib NA, Wong FY, Lim EH, Ngeow J, Chay WY, Leong LCH, Yong WS, Seah CM, Tang SW, Ng CWQ, Yan Z, Lee JA, Rahmat K, Islam T, Hassan T, Tai MC, Khor CC, Yuan JM, Koh WP, Sim X, Dunning AM, Bolla MK, Antoniou AC, Teo SH, Li J, Hartman M. Overlap of high-risk individuals predicted by family history, and genetic and non-genetic breast cancer risk prediction models: implications for risk stratification. BMC Med 2022; 20:150. [PMID: 35468796 PMCID: PMC9040206 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02334-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family history, and genetic and non-genetic risk factors can stratify women according to their individual risk of developing breast cancer. The extent of overlap between these risk predictors is not clear. METHODS In this case-only analysis involving 7600 Asian breast cancer patients diagnosed between age 30 and 75 years, we examined identification of high-risk patients based on positive family history, the Gail model 5-year absolute risk [5yAR] above 1.3%, breast cancer predisposition genes (protein-truncating variants [PTV] in ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, PALB2, BARD1, RAD51C, RAD51D, or TP53), and polygenic risk score (PRS) 5yAR above 1.3%. RESULTS Correlation between 5yAR (at age of diagnosis) predicted by PRS and the Gail model was low (r=0.27). Fifty-three percent of breast cancer patients (n=4041) were considered high risk by one or more classification criteria. Positive family history, PTV carriership, PRS, or the Gail model identified 1247 (16%), 385 (5%), 2774 (36%), and 1592 (21%) patients who were considered at high risk, respectively. In a subset of 3227 women aged below 50 years, the four models studied identified 470 (15%), 213 (7%), 769 (24%), and 325 (10%) unique patients who were considered at high risk, respectively. For younger women, PRS and PTVs together identified 745 (59% of 1276) high-risk individuals who were not identified by the Gail model or family history. CONCLUSIONS Family history and genetic and non-genetic risk stratification tools have the potential to complement one another to identify women at high risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peh Joo Ho
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Human Genetics, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weang Kee Ho
- Cancer Research Malaysia, 1 Jalan SS12/1A, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Malaysia
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Alexis J. Khng
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Human Genetics, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yen Shing Yeoh
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benita Kiat-Tee Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Breast Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ern Yu Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, 308433 Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technology University, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Geok Hoon Lim
- KK Breast Department, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, 229899 Singapore
| | - Su-Ming Tan
- Division of Breast Surgery, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Veronique Kiak Mien Tan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng-Har Yip
- Subang Jaya Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Nur-Aishah Mohd-Taib
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Universiti Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fuh Yong Wong
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elaine Hsuen Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joanne Ngeow
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technology University, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Yee Chay
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lester Chee Hao Leong
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Sean Yong
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chin Mui Seah
- Division of Breast Surgery, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siau Wei Tang
- Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Celene Wei Qi Ng
- Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhiyan Yan
- KK Breast Department, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, 229899 Singapore
| | - Jung Ah Lee
- KK Breast Department, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, 229899 Singapore
| | - Kartini Rahmat
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tania Islam
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Universiti Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tiara Hassan
- Cancer Research Malaysia, 1 Jalan SS12/1A, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Mei-Chee Tai
- Cancer Research Malaysia, 1 Jalan SS12/1A, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Human Genetics, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 117609 Singapore
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alison M. Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Manjeet K. Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Antonis C. Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Malaysia, 1 Jalan SS12/1A, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Malaysia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50630 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jingmei Li
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Human Genetics, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mikael Hartman
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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25
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Törn C, Liu X, Onengut-Gumuscu S, Counts KM, Moreno JL, Remedios CL, Chen WM, LeFaive J, Butterworth MD, Akolkar B, Krischer JP, Lernmark Å, Rewers M, She JX, Toppari J, Ziegler AG, Ratan A, Smith AV, Hagopian WA, Rich SS, Parikh HM. Telomere length is not a main factor for the development of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in the TEDDY study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4516. [PMID: 35296692 PMCID: PMC8927592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study enrolled 8676 children, 3-4 months of age, born with HLA-susceptibility genotypes for islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D). Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed in 1119 children in a nested case-control study design. Telomere length was estimated from WGS data using five tools: Computel, Telseq, Telomerecat, qMotif and Motif_counter. The estimated median telomere length was 5.10 kb (IQR 4.52-5.68 kb) using Computel. The age when the blood sample was drawn had a significant negative correlation with telomere length (P = 0.003). European children, particularly those from Finland (P = 0.041) and from Sweden (P = 0.001), had shorter telomeres than children from the U.S.A. Paternal age (P = 0.019) was positively associated with telomere length. First-degree relative status, presence of gestational diabetes in the mother, and maternal age did not have a significant impact on estimated telomere length. HLA-DR4/4 or HLA-DR4/X children had significantly longer telomeres compared to children with HLA-DR3/3 or HLA-DR3/9 haplogenotypes (P = 0.008). Estimated telomere length was not significantly different with respect to any IA (P = 0.377), IAA-first (P = 0.248), GADA-first (P = 0.248) or T1D (P = 0.861). These results suggest that telomere length has no major impact on the risk for IA, the first step to develop T1D. Nevertheless, telomere length was shorter in the T1D high prevalence populations, Finland and Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Törn
- Unit for Diabetes and Celiac Disease, Wallenberg/CRC, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University/CRC, Skåne University Hospital SUS, 21428, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Xiang Liu
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd #100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Suna Onengut-Gumuscu
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kevin M Counts
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd #100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jose Leonardo Moreno
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd #100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Cassandra L Remedios
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd #100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jonathon LeFaive
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Martha D Butterworth
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd #100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Beena Akolkar
- National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey P Krischer
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd #100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Åke Lernmark
- Unit for Diabetes and Celiac Disease, Wallenberg/CRC, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University/CRC, Skåne University Hospital SUS, 21428, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marian Rewers
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jin-Xiong She
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology and Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anette-Gabriele Ziegler
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Forschergruppe Diabetes, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.,Forschergruppe Diabetes e.V. at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Aakrosh Ratan
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Hemang M Parikh
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd #100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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26
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Ho WK, Tai MC, Dennis J, Shu X, Li J, Ho PJ, Millwood IY, Lin K, Jee YH, Lee SH, Mavaddat N, Bolla MK, Wang Q, Michailidou K, Long J, Wijaya EA, Hassan T, Rahmat K, Tan VKM, Tan BKT, Tan SM, Tan EY, Lim SH, Gao YT, Zheng Y, Kang D, Choi JY, Han W, Lee HB, Kubo M, Okada Y, Namba S, Park SK, Kim SW, Shen CY, Wu PE, Park B, Muir KR, Lophatananon A, Wu AH, Tseng CC, Matsuo K, Ito H, Kwong A, Chan TL, John EM, Kurian AW, Iwasaki M, Yamaji T, Kweon SS, Aronson KJ, Murphy RA, Koh WP, Khor CC, Yuan JM, Dorajoo R, Walters RG, Chen Z, Li L, Lv J, Jung KJ, Kraft P, Pharoah PDB, Dunning AM, Simard J, Shu XO, Yip CH, Taib NAM, Antoniou AC, Zheng W, Hartman M, Easton DF, Teo SH. Polygenic risk scores for prediction of breast cancer risk in Asian populations. Genet Med 2022; 24:586-600. [PMID: 34906514 PMCID: PMC7612481 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Non-European populations are under-represented in genetics studies, hindering clinical implementation of breast cancer polygenic risk scores (PRSs). We aimed to develop PRSs using the largest available studies of Asian ancestry and to assess the transferability of PRS across ethnic subgroups. METHODS The development data set comprised 138,309 women from 17 case-control studies. PRSs were generated using a clumping and thresholding method, lasso penalized regression, an Empirical Bayes approach, a Bayesian polygenic prediction approach, or linear combinations of multiple PRSs. These PRSs were evaluated in 89,898 women from 3 prospective studies (1592 incident cases). RESULTS The best performing PRS (genome-wide set of single-nucleotide variations [formerly single-nucleotide polymorphism]) had a hazard ratio per unit SD of 1.62 (95% CI = 1.46-1.80) and an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.635 (95% CI = 0.622-0.649). Combined Asian and European PRSs (333 single-nucleotide variations) had a hazard ratio per SD of 1.53 (95% CI = 1.37-1.71) and an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.621 (95% CI = 0.608-0.635). The distribution of the latter PRS was different across ethnic subgroups, confirming the importance of population-specific calibration for valid estimation of breast cancer risk. CONCLUSION PRSs developed in this study, from association data from multiple ancestries, can enhance risk stratification for women of Asian ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weang-Kee Ho
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia; Cancer Research Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | | | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Xiang Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jingmei Li
- Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Laboratory of Women's Health and Genetics, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peh Joo Ho
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Laboratory of Women's Health and Genetics, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; MRC Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kuang Lin
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yon-Ho Jee
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Su-Hyun Lee
- Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nasim Mavaddat
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Biostatistics Unit, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Ayios Dometios, Cyprus; Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Ayios Dometios, Cyprus
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | | | | | - Kartini Rahmat
- Biomedical Imaging Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Veronique Kiak Mien Tan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benita Kiat Tee Tan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of General Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Su Ming Tan
- Division of Breast Surgery, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ern Yu Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Swee Ho Lim
- KK Breast Department, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Daehee Kang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Yeob Choi
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Health Policy and Management, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonshik Han
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han-Byoel Lee
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Michiki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Shinichi Namba
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Sue K Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Won Kim
- Department of Surgery, Daerim Saint Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ei Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Boyoung Park
- Department of Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kenneth R Muir
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Artitaya Lophatananon
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chiu-Chen Tseng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan; Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan; Division of Descriptive Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ava Kwong
- Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Cancer Genetics Centre, Happy Valley, Hong Kong; Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong; Department of Surgery, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - Tsun L Chan
- Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Cancer Genetics Centre, Happy Valley, Hong Kong; Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - Esther M John
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Allison W Kurian
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Division of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Division of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sun-Seog Kweon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea; Jeonnam Regional Cancer Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Kristan J Aronson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, and Cancer Research Institute, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachel A Murphy
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore; Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Robin G Walters
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; MRC Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; MRC Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Keum-Ji Jung
- Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Paul D B Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Nur Aishah Mohd Taib
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Centre, UM Cancer Research Institute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Mikael Hartman
- Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Centre, UM Cancer Research Institute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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27
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Cheng F, Luk AO, Shi M, Huang C, Jiang G, Yang A, Wu H, Lim CKP, Tam CHT, Fan B, Lau ESH, Ng ACW, Wong KK, Carroll L, Lee HM, Kong AP, Keech AC, Chow E, Joglekar MV, Tsui SKW, So WY, So HC, Hardikar AA, Jenkins AJ, Chan JCN, Ma RCW. Shortened Leukocyte Telomere Length Is Associated With Glycemic Progression in Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective and Mendelian Randomization Analysis. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:701-709. [PMID: 35085380 PMCID: PMC8918237 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-1609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several studies support associations between relative leukocyte telomere length (rLTL), a biomarker of biological aging and type 2 diabetes. This study investigates the relationship between rLTL and the risk of glycemic progression in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this cohort study, consecutive Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (N = 5,506) from the Hong Kong Diabetes Register with stored baseline DNA and available follow-up data were studied. rLTL was measured using quantitative PCR. Glycemic progression was defined as the new need for exogenous insulin. RESULTS The mean (SD) age of the 5,349 subjects was 57.0 (13.3) years, and mean (SD) follow-up was 8.8 (5.4) years. Baseline rLTL was significantly shorter in the 1,803 subjects who progressed to insulin requirement compared with the remaining subjects (4.43 ± 1.16 vs. 4.69 ± 1.20). Shorter rLTL was associated with a higher risk of glycemic progression (hazard ratio [95% CI] for each unit decrease [to ∼0.2 kilobases]: 1.10 [1.06-1.14]), which remained significant after adjusting for confounders. Baseline rLTL was independently associated with glycemic exposure during follow-up (β = -0.05 [-0.06 to -0.04]). Each 1-kilobase decrease in absolute LTL was on average associated with a 1.69-fold higher risk of diabetes progression (95% CI 1.35-2.11). Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis showed per 1-unit genetically decreased rLTL was associated with a 1.38-fold higher risk of diabetes progression (95% CI 1.12-1.70). CONCLUSIONS Shorter rLTL was significantly associated with an increased risk of glycemic progression in individuals with type 2 diabetes, independent of established risk factors. Telomere length may be a useful biomarker for glycemic progression in people with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Cheng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Andrea O Luk
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mai Shi
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chuiguo Huang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Guozhi Jiang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimin Yang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hongjiang Wu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cadmon K P Lim
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Claudia H T Tam
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Baoqi Fan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Eric S H Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alex C W Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwun Kiu Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Luke Carroll
- NHMRC Clinical Trial Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Heung Man Lee
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alice P Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Anthony C Keech
- NHMRC Clinical Trial Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elaine Chow
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mugdha V Joglekar
- NHMRC Clinical Trial Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen K W Tsui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Yee So
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hon Cheong So
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Anandwardhan A Hardikar
- NHMRC Clinical Trial Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alicia J Jenkins
- NHMRC Clinical Trial Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Juliana C N Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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28
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Codd V, Denniff M, Swinfield C, Warner SC, Papakonstantinou M, Sheth S, Nanus DE, Budgeon CA, Musicha C, Bountziouka V, Wang Q, Bramley R, Allara E, Kaptoge S, Stoma S, Jiang T, Butterworth AS, Wood AM, Di Angelantonio E, Thompson JR, Danesh JN, Nelson CP, Samani NJ. Measurement and initial characterization of leukocyte telomere length in 474,074 participants in UK Biobank. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:170-179. [PMID: 37117760 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-021-00166-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a proposed marker of biological age. Here we report the measurement and initial characterization of LTL in 474,074 participants in UK Biobank. We confirm that older age and male sex associate with shorter LTL, with women on average ~7 years younger in 'biological age' than men. Compared to white Europeans, LTL is markedly longer in African and Chinese ancestries. Older paternal age at birth is associated with longer individual LTL. Higher white cell count is associated with shorter LTL, but proportions of white cell subtypes show weaker associations. Age, ethnicity, sex and white cell count explain ~5.5% of LTL variance. Using paired samples from 1,351 participants taken ~5 years apart, we estimate the within-individual variability in LTL and provide a correction factor for this. This resource provides opportunities to investigate determinants and biomedical consequences of variation in LTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Codd
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
| | - M Denniff
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - C Swinfield
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - S C Warner
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - M Papakonstantinou
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - S Sheth
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - D E Nanus
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - C A Budgeon
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - C Musicha
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - V Bountziouka
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - R Bramley
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - E Allara
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Kaptoge
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Stoma
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - T Jiang
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A S Butterworth
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A M Wood
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, London, UK
| | - E Di Angelantonio
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Science Centre, Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - J R Thompson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - J N Danesh
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - C P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - N J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
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29
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Rai S, Badarinath ARS, George A, Sitaraman S, Bronson SC, Anandt S, Babu KT, Moses A, Saraswathy R, Hande MP. Association of telomere length with diabetes mellitus and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in a South Indian population: A pilot study. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 874-875:503439. [PMID: 35151422 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Telomere shortening has been associated with ageing and with many age-related diseases including cancer, coronary artery disease, heart failure and diabetes. We sought to investigate the link between telomere shortening and age-related diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (without any complications: DM; with neuropathic complication: DN) and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) in south Indian population. We compared telomere lengths of blood lymphocytes taken from patients with associated age-related diseases, namely DM (n = 47), DN (n = 52) and IDCM (n = 34) and controls (n = 46). In addition, we evaluated the relationship between echocardiographic left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end diastolic and systolic diameters (LVEDd and LVESd) and telomere length in IDCM patients. Telomere length negatively correlated with age in the cohorts with diabetes and IDCM, and in controls. Average telomere length in diabetes and IDCM patients was significantly shorter than that of controls either before or after adjustments for age and sex. Duration of diabetes in patients with type 2 diabetes did not correlate with telomere length. No correlation was found between the length of telomeres and echocardiography parameters like LVEF, LVEDd and LVESd in IDCM patients. Though echocardiographic characteristics of IDCM did not correlate with telomere length, telomere shortening was found to be accelerated in diabetes (both DM and DN) and IDCM in a south Indian population. Neuropathic complication in diabetes had no effect on telomere shortening. While telomere shortening is a cause or a consequence of diabetic and cardiac pathology remains further investigation, the current study substantiates the usefulness of telomere length measurements as a marker in conjunction with other biochemical markers of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Rai
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - A R S Badarinath
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alex George
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India; Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Sneha Sitaraman
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Stephen Charles Bronson
- Institute of Diabetology, Madras Medical College & Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - K Thirumal Babu
- Heartline Clinic and Research Centre, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anand Moses
- Institute of Diabetology, Madras Medical College & Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Radha Saraswathy
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - M Prakash Hande
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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30
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Taub MA, Conomos MP, Keener R, Iyer KR, Weinstock JS, Yanek LR, Lane J, Miller-Fleming TW, Brody JA, Raffield LM, McHugh CP, Jain D, Gogarten SM, Laurie CA, Keramati A, Arvanitis M, Smith AV, Heavner B, Barwick L, Becker LC, Bis JC, Blangero J, Bleecker ER, Burchard EG, Celedón JC, Chang YPC, Custer B, Darbar D, de las Fuentes L, DeMeo DL, Freedman BI, Garrett ME, Gladwin MT, Heckbert SR, Hidalgo BA, Irvin MR, Islam T, Johnson WC, Kaab S, Launer L, Lee J, Liu S, Moscati A, North KE, Peyser PA, Rafaels N, Seidman C, Weeks DE, Wen F, Wheeler MM, Williams LK, Yang IV, Zhao W, Aslibekyan S, Auer PL, Bowden DW, Cade BE, Chen Z, Cho MH, Cupples LA, Curran JE, Daya M, Deka R, Eng C, Fingerlin TE, Guo X, Hou L, Hwang SJ, Johnsen JM, Kenny EE, Levin AM, Liu C, Minster RL, Naseri T, Nouraie M, Reupena MS, Sabino EC, Smith JA, Smith NL, Lasky-Su J, Taylor JG, Telen MJ, Tiwari HK, Tracy RP, White MJ, Zhang Y, Wiggins KL, Weiss ST, Vasan RS, Taylor KD, Sinner MF, Silverman EK, Shoemaker MB, Sheu WHH, Sciurba F, Schwartz DA, Rotter JI, Roden D, Redline S, Raby BA, Psaty BM, Peralta JM, Palmer ND, Nekhai S, Montgomery CG, Mitchell BD, Meyers DA, McGarvey ST, Mak AC, Loos RJ, Kumar R, Kooperberg C, Konkle BA, Kelly S, Kardia SL, Kaplan R, He J, Gui H, Gilliland FD, Gelb BD, Fornage M, Ellinor PT, de Andrade M, Correa A, Chen YDI, Boerwinkle E, Barnes KC, Ashley-Koch AE, Arnett DK, Albert C, Laurie CC, Abecasis G, Nickerson DA, Wilson JG, Rich SS, Levy D, Ruczinski I, Aviv A, Blackwell TW, Thornton T, O’Connell J, Cox NJ, Perry JA, Armanios M, Battle A, Pankratz N, Reiner AP, Mathias RA. Genetic determinants of telomere length from 109,122 ancestrally diverse whole-genome sequences in TOPMed. CELL GENOMICS 2022; 2:S2666-979X(21)00105-1. [PMID: 35530816 PMCID: PMC9075703 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2021.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Genetic studies on telomere length are important for understanding age-related diseases. Prior GWAS for leukocyte TL have been limited to European and Asian populations. Here, we report the first sequencing-based association study for TL across ancestrally-diverse individuals (European, African, Asian and Hispanic/Latino) from the NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program. We used whole genome sequencing (WGS) of whole blood for variant genotype calling and the bioinformatic estimation of telomere length in n=109,122 individuals. We identified 59 sentinel variants (p-value <5×10-9) in 36 loci associated with telomere length, including 20 newly associated loci (13 were replicated in external datasets). There was little evidence of effect size heterogeneity across populations. Fine-mapping at OBFC1 indicated the independent signals colocalized with cell-type specific eQTLs for OBFC1 (STN1). Using a multi-variant gene-based approach, we identified two genes newly implicated in telomere length, DCLRE1B (SNM1B) and PARN. In PheWAS, we demonstrated our TL polygenic trait scores (PTS) were associated with increased risk of cancer-related phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A. Taub
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew P. Conomos
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rebecca Keener
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kruthika R. Iyer
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua S. Weinstock
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lisa R. Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John Lane
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Tyne W. Miller-Fleming
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Laura M. Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Caitlin P. McHugh
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Deepti Jain
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Gogarten
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cecelia A. Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ali Keramati
- Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marios Arvanitis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Albert V. Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Benjamin Heavner
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lucas Barwick
- LTRC Data Coordinating Center, The Emmes Company, LLC, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Lewis C. Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Eugene R. Bleecker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Genomics, and Precision Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Division of Pharmacogenomics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Esteban G. Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Juan C. Celedón
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yen Pei C. Chang
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brian Custer
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dawood Darbar
- Division of Cardiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lisa de las Fuentes
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dawn L. DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Barry I. Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Melanie E. Garrett
- Department of Medicine and Duke Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mark T. Gladwin
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Susan R. Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bertha A. Hidalgo
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Marguerite R. Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Talat Islam
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - W. Craig Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, Collaborative Health Studies Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stefan Kaab
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian’s University, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Lenore Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiwon Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Brown Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Arden Moscati
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kari E. North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Patricia A. Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholas Rafaels
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Daniel E. Weeks
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Fayun Wen
- Center for Sickle Cell Disease and Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Marsha M. Wheeler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - L. Keoki Williams
- Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research (CIGMA), Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ivana V. Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stella Aslibekyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Paul L. Auer
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Donald W. Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Brian E. Cade
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael H. Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Joanne E. Curran
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Michelle Daya
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ranjan Deka
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Celeste Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tasha E. Fingerlin
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jill M. Johnsen
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eimear E. Kenny
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Albert M. Levin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Chunyu Liu
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ryan L. Minster
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Take Naseri
- Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia, Samoa
- Department of Epidemiology & International Health Institute, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Mehdi Nouraie
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Ester C. Sabino
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholas L. Smith
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James G. Taylor
- Center for Sickle Cell Disease and Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Marilyn J. Telen
- Department of Medicine and Duke Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hemant K. Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Russell P. Tracy
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Biochemistry, Larrner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, USA
| | - Marquitta J. White
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kerri L. Wiggins
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Scott T. Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Moritz F. Sinner
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian’s University, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Edwin K. Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M. Benjamin Shoemaker
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wayne H.-H. Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Frank Sciurba
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David A. Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Roden
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin A. Raby
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Juan M. Peralta
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Nicholette D. Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sergei Nekhai
- Center for Sickle Cell Disease and Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Courtney G. Montgomery
- Genes and Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Braxton D. Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Geriatrics Research and Education Clinical Center, Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Deborah A. Meyers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Genomics, and Precision Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Division of Pharmacogenomics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Stephen T. McGarvey
- Department of Epidemiology & International Health Institute, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Angel C.Y. Mak
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ruth J.F. Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, and Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Barbara A. Konkle
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shannon Kelly
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Sharon L.R. Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Hongsheng Gui
- Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research (CIGMA), Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Frank D. Gilliland
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bruce D. Gelb
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Patrick T. Ellinor
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Jackson Heart Study and Departments of Medicine and Population Health Science, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kathleen C. Barnes
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Allison E. Ashley-Koch
- Department of Medicine and Duke Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Donna K. Arnett
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Christine Albert
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Cathy C. Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Goncalo Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - James G. Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MI, USA
| | - Stephen S. Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ingo Ruczinski
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abraham Aviv
- Center of Human Development and Aging, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Thomas W. Blackwell
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Timothy Thornton
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jeff O’Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nancy J. Cox
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute and Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - James A. Perry
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary Armanios
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexis Battle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Departments of Computer Science and Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alexander P. Reiner
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rasika A. Mathias
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Gurung RL, Dorajoo R, M Y, Wang L, Liu S, Liu JJ, Shao YM, Chen Y, Sim X, Ang K, Subramaniam T, Tang WE, Sum CF, Liu JJ, Lim SC. Association of leukocyte telomere length with chronic kidney disease in East Asians with type 2 diabetes: a Mendelian randomization study. Clin Kidney J 2021; 14:2371-2376. [PMID: 34754432 PMCID: PMC8573005 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfab067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), and increases the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular diseases. Shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with CKD in patients with T2D. We previously reported single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with LTL in an Asian population. In this study, we elucidated the association of these SNPs with CKD in patients with T2D using the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Methods The cross-sectional association of 16 LTL SNPs with CKD, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, was assessed among 4768 (1628 cases and 3140 controls) participants in the Singapore Study of Macro-angiopathy and Micro-vascular Reactivity in T2D and Diabetic Nephropathy cohorts. MR analysis was performed using the random-effect inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, the weighted median, MR-Egger and Radial MR adjusted for age and sex-stratified by cohorts and ethnicity (Chinese and Malays), then meta-analyzed. Results Genetically determined shorter LTL was associated with increased risk of CKD in patients with T2D (meta-IVW adjusted odds ratio = 1.51, 95% confidence interval 1.12–2.12, P = 0.007, Phet = 0.547). Similar results were obtained following sensitivity analysis. MR-Egger analysis (intercept) suggested no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy (β = 0.010, P = 0.751). Conclusions Our findings suggest that genetically determined LTL is associated with CKD in patients with T2D. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the causal role of telomere length in CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Yiamunaa M
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ling Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Sylvia Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jian-Jun Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yi Ming Shao
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore
| | - Keven Ang
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | | | | | - Chee Fang Sum
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore
| | - Jian-Jun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Su Chi Lim
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
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Saunders CN, Kinnersley B, Culliford R, Cornish AJ, Law PJ, Houlston RS. Relationship between genetically determined telomere length and glioma risk. Neuro Oncol 2021; 24:171-181. [PMID: 34477880 PMCID: PMC8804896 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Telomere maintenance is increasingly recognized as being fundamental to glioma oncogenesis with longer leukocyte telomere length (LTL) reported to increase risk of glioma. To gain further insight into the relationship between telomere genetics and risk of glioma, we conducted several complementary analyses, using genome-wide association studies data on LTL (78 592 individuals) and glioma (12 488 cases and 18 169 controls). Methods We performed both classical and summary Mendelian randomization (SMR), coupled with heterogeneity in dependent instruments tests, at genome-wide significant LTL loci to examine if an association was mediated by the same causal variant in glioma. To prioritize genes underscoring glioma-LTL associations, we analyzed gene expression and DNA methylation data. Results Genetically increased LTL was significantly associated with increased glioma risk, random-effects inverse variance weighted ORs per 1 SD unit increase in the putative risk factor (odds ratio [OR]SD) 4.79 (95% confidence interval: 2.11-10.85; P = 1.76 × 10−4). SMR confirmed the previously reported LTL associations at 3q26.2 (TERC; PSMR = 1.33 × 10−5), 5p15.33 (TERT; PSMR = 9.80 × 10−27), 10q24.33 (STN1 alias OBFC1; PSMR = 4.31 × 10−5), and 20q13.3 (STMN3/RTEL1; PSMR = 2.47 × 10−4) glioma risk loci. Our analysis implicates variation at 1q42.12 (PSMR = 1.55 × 10−2), 6p21.3 (PSMR = 9.76 × 10−3), 6p22.2 (PSMR = 5.45 × 10−3), 7q31.33 (PSMR = 6.52 × 10−3), and 11q22.3 (PSMR = 8.89 × 10−4) as risk factors for glioma risk. While complicated by patterns of linkage disequilibrium, genetic variation involving PARP1, PRRC2A, CARMIL1, POT1, and ATM-NPAT1 was implicated in the etiology of glioma. Conclusions These observations extend the role of telomere-related genes in the development of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie N Saunders
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Ben Kinnersley
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Richard Culliford
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Alex J Cornish
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Philip J Law
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
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33
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Ooi DSQ, Dorajoo R, Gurung RL, Dehghan R, Lim YY, Ho CWL, Tay V, Karuppiah V, Loke KY, Lim SC, Liu JJ, Sng AA, Lee YS. Association of leukocyte telomere length with obesity-related traits in Asian children with early-onset obesity. Pediatr Obes 2021; 16:e12771. [PMID: 33501739 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with obesity and obesity-related traits, and there are ethnic-specific determinants of LTL. OBJECTIVE To evaluate LTL associations with obesity and metabolic parameters in Asian children with early-onset obesity. METHODS Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes of a cohort of children with (N = 371) and without obesity (N = 23), and LTL was measured using quantitative PCR (qPCR). Blood plasma was used for metabolic phenotyping. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and STATA. RESULTS Children with obesity had shorter LTL (coefficient = -0.683, PAdj = 1.24 × 10-3 ) as compared to children who were lean. LTL was found to be associated with waist circumference (coefficient = -0.326, PAdj = 0.044) and skin-fold measures (coefficient between 0.267 and 0.301, PAdj between 4.27 × 10-4 and 7.06 × 10-7 ) in children with obesity. However, no significant associations were observed between LTL and metabolic parameters, and between LTL and inflammatory cytokines. LTL also did not significantly mediate the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children with obesity. CONCLUSIONS We showed for the first time that Asian children with severe obesity had shorter LTL, and the shortening of LTL was associated with other adiposity measures including waist circumference and skin-fold measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delicia Shu Qin Ooi
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Resham L Gurung
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roghayeh Dehghan
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Yvonne Yijuan Lim
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cindy Wei Li Ho
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Veronica Tay
- Youth Preventive Services Division, Health Promotion Board, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vijaya Karuppiah
- Youth Preventive Services Division, Health Promotion Board, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kah Yin Loke
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Su Chi Lim
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Jun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrew Anjian Sng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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Chang X, Chua KY, Wang L, Liu J, Yuan JM, Khor CC, Heng CK, Koh WP, Dorajoo R. Midlife Leukocyte Telomere Length as an Indicator for Handgrip Strength in Late Life. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:172-175. [PMID: 33045076 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere attrition has been proposed as a hallmark of aging. We previously reported on the association between blood leukocyte telomere length (LTL) at midlife and risk of chronic diseases and mortality. METHODS In this study, we investigated the effect of midlife LTL and genetic proxies on 5 markers of aging outcomes, namely handgrip strength, timed up-and-go (TUG), Singapore-modified Mini-Mental State Examination (SM-MMSE) scores, anxiety, and depression indices, measured after a median 20-year follow-up in the Singapore Chinese Health Study (N = 9581). RESULTS We observed a significant association between midlife LTL and handgrip strength later in life (p = .004, padjust = .020), as well as a nominal significant association between midlife LTL and TUG later in life (p = .036, padjust = .180). The weighted Genetic Risk Score (wGRS) comprising 15 previously reported LTL reducing loci in East Asians was not significantly associated with handgrip strength. However, results from Structural Equation Modeling showed that the effect of this wGRS on handgrip strength was mediated through LTL (proportion of wGRS effect on handgrip strength mediated through LTL = 33.3%, p = .010). CONCLUSIONS Longer midlife LTL was associated with increased handgrip strength later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuling Chang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kevin Yiqiang Chua
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ling Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore.,Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
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35
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Chang X, Gurung RL, Wang L, Jin A, Li Z, Wang R, Beckman KB, Adams-Haduch J, Meah WY, Sim KS, Lim WK, Davila S, Tan P, Teo JX, Yeo KK, M Y, Liu S, Lim SC, Liu J, van Dam RM, Friedlander Y, Koh WP, Yuan JM, Khor CC, Heng CK, Dorajoo R. Low frequency variants associated with leukocyte telomere length in the Singapore Chinese population. Commun Biol 2021; 4:519. [PMID: 33941849 PMCID: PMC8093266 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02056-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of low frequency variants associated with telomere length homeostasis in chronic diseases and mortalities is relatively understudied in the East-Asian population. Here we evaluated low frequency variants, including 1,915,154 Asian specific variants, for leukocyte telomere length (LTL) associations among 25,533 Singapore Chinese samples. Three East Asian specific variants in/near POT1, TERF1 and STN1 genes are associated with LTL (Meta-analysis P 2.49×10-14-6.94×10-10). Rs79314063, a missense variant (p.Asp410His) at POT1, shows effect 5.3 fold higher and independent of a previous common index SNP. TERF1 (rs79617270) and STN1 (rs139620151) are linked to LTL-associated common index SNPs at these loci. Rs79617270 is associated with cancer mortality [HR95%CI = 1.544 (1.173, 2.032), PAdj = 0.018] and 4.76% of the association between the rs79617270 and colon cancer is mediated through LTL. Overall, genetically determined LTL is particularly associated with lung adenocarcinoma [HR95%CI = 1.123 (1.051, 1.201), Padj = 0.007]. Ethnicity-specific low frequency variants may affect LTL homeostasis and associate with certain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuling Chang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Resham L Gurung
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ling Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aizhen Jin
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zheng Li
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth B Beckman
- University of Minnesota Genomics Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wee Yang Meah
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kar Seng Sim
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weng Khong Lim
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Genomic Medicine Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sonia Davila
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Patrick Tan
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Xian Teo
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Khung Keong Yeo
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yiamunaa M
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sylvia Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Su Chi Lim
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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36
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Pathak GA, Wendt FR, Levey DF, Mecca AP, van Dyck CH, Gelernter J, Polimanti R. Pleiotropic effects of telomere length loci with brain morphology and brain tissue expression. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:1360-1370. [PMID: 33831179 PMCID: PMC8255129 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported association between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and neuropsychiatric disorders. Although telomere length is affected by environmental factors, genetic variants in certain loci are strongly associated with LTL. Thus, we aimed to identify the genomic relationship between genetic variants of LTL with brain-based regulatory changes and brain volume. We tested genetic colocalization of seven and nine LTL loci in two ancestry groups, European (EUR) and East-Asian (EAS), respectively, with brain morphology measures for 101 T1-magnetic resonance imaging-based region of interests (n = 21 821). The posterior probability (>90%) was observed for 'fourth ventricle', 'gray matter' and 'cerebellar vermal lobules I-IV' volumes. We then tested causal relationship using LTL loci for gene and methylation expression. We found causal pleiotropy for gene (EAS = four genes; EUR = five genes) and methylation expression (EUR = 17 probes; EAS = 4 probes) of brain tissues (P ≤ 2.47 × 10-6). Integrating chromatin profiles with LTL-single nucleotide polymorphisms identified 45 genes (EUR) and 79 genes (EAS) (P ≤ 9.78×10-7). We found additional 38 LTL-genes using chromatin-based gene mapping for EUR ancestry population. Gene variants in three LTL-genes-GPR37, OBFC1 and RTEL1/RTEL1-TNFRSF6B-show convergent evidence of pleiotropy with brain morphology, gene and methylation expression and chromatin association. Mapping gene functions to drug-gene interactions, we identified process 'transmission across chemical synapses' (P < 2.78 × 10-4). This study provides evidence that genetic variants of LTL have pleiotropic roles with brain-based effects that could explain the phenotypic association of LTL with several neuropsychiatric traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita A Pathak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06551, USA,Veteran Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Frank R Wendt
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06551, USA,Veteran Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Daniel F Levey
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06551, USA,Veteran Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Adam P Mecca
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06551, USA,Alzheimer’s Disease Research Unit, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Christopher H van Dyck
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06551, USA,Alzheimer’s Disease Research Unit, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06551, USA,Veteran Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: VA CT 116A2, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT 06516, USA. Tel: +1 2039375711 ext. 5745; Fax: +1 2039373897;
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37
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Crocco P, De Rango F, Dato S, Rose G, Passarino G. Telomere length as a function of age at population level parallels human survival curves. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:204-218. [PMID: 33431711 PMCID: PMC7835060 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres are subject to age related shortening which can be accelerated by oxidative stress and inflammation. Many studies have reported an inverse correlation between telomere length and survival, but such inverse correlation has not been always confirmed in different populations. We analyzed the trend of Leukocyte Telomere Length (LTL) as a function of age in a cohort of 516 subjects aged 65-106 years from Southern Italy. The trend of LTL obtained was quite similar to demographic survival curves reported with data of western societies. We observed a decrease of LTL after 70 years of age and then an increase after 92 years, in agreement with the sharp decrease of survival after 70 years of age and its increase after 90 years, due to the deceleration of mortality at old ages. Our data suggest that a generalized LTL attrition after 70 years of age, associated to organismal decline, affects most of the population. Such generalized attrition may exacerbate senescence in these subjects, predisposing them to high mortality risk. Conversely, the subjects with better physical conditions, experience a lower attrition and, consequently, a delayed senescence, contributing to the deceleration of mortality which has been observed among very old subjects in modern societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolina Crocco
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende 87036, Italy
| | - Francesco De Rango
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende 87036, Italy
| | - Serena Dato
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende 87036, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Rose
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende 87036, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende 87036, Italy
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38
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Codd V, Wang Q, Allara E, Musicha C, Kaptoge S, Stoma S, Jiang T, Hamby SE, Braund PS, Bountziouka V, Budgeon CA, Denniff M, Swinfield C, Papakonstantinou M, Sheth S, Nanus DE, Warner SC, Wang M, Khera AV, Eales J, Ouwehand WH, Thompson JR, Di Angelantonio E, Wood AM, Butterworth AS, Danesh JN, Nelson CP, Samani NJ. Polygenic basis and biomedical consequences of telomere length variation. Nat Genet 2021; 53:1425-1433. [PMID: 34611362 PMCID: PMC8492471 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00944-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres, the end fragments of chromosomes, play key roles in cellular proliferation and senescence. Here we characterize the genetic architecture of naturally occurring variation in leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and identify causal links between LTL and biomedical phenotypes in 472,174 well-characterized UK Biobank participants. We identified 197 independent sentinel variants associated with LTL at 138 genomic loci (108 new). Genetically determined differences in LTL were associated with multiple biological traits, ranging from height to bone marrow function, as well as several diseases spanning neoplastic, vascular and inflammatory pathologies. Finally, we estimated that, at the age of 40 years, people with an LTL >1 s.d. shorter than the population mean had a 2.5-year-lower life expectancy compared with the group with ≥1 s.d. longer LDL. Overall, we furnish new insights into the genetic regulation of LTL, reveal wide-ranging influences of LTL on physiological traits, diseases and longevity, and provide a powerful resource available to the global research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veryan Codd
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK ,grid.412925.90000 0004 0400 6581NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Qingning Wang
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK ,grid.412925.90000 0004 0400 6581NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Elias Allara
- grid.5335.00000000121885934British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Crispin Musicha
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK ,grid.412925.90000 0004 0400 6581NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Stephen Kaptoge
- grid.5335.00000000121885934British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Svetlana Stoma
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Tao Jiang
- grid.5335.00000000121885934British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen E. Hamby
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK ,grid.412925.90000 0004 0400 6581NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Peter S. Braund
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Vasiliki Bountziouka
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK ,grid.412925.90000 0004 0400 6581NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Charley A. Budgeon
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK ,grid.412925.90000 0004 0400 6581NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK ,grid.1012.20000 0004 1936 7910School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia Australia
| | - Matthew Denniff
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Chloe Swinfield
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Manolo Papakonstantinou
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Shilpi Sheth
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Dominika E. Nanus
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Sophie C. Warner
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Minxian Wang
- grid.66859.34Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Amit V. Khera
- grid.66859.34Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - James Eales
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Willem H. Ouwehand
- grid.5335.00000000121885934British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.436365.10000 0000 8685 6563NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK ,grid.52996.310000 0000 8937 2257University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - John R. Thompson
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- grid.5335.00000000121885934British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Sanger Institute, EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Angela M. Wood
- grid.5335.00000000121885934British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Sanger Institute, EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.499548.d0000 0004 5903 3632The Alan Turing Institute, London, UK
| | - Adam S. Butterworth
- grid.5335.00000000121885934British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Sanger Institute, EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John N. Danesh
- grid.5335.00000000121885934British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Sanger Institute, EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Christopher P. Nelson
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK ,grid.412925.90000 0004 0400 6581NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Nilesh J. Samani
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK ,grid.412925.90000 0004 0400 6581NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
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39
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Chang X, Dorajoo R, Sun Y, Wang L, Ong CN, Liu J, Khor CC, Yuan JM, Koh WP, Friedlander Y, Heng CK. Effect of plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid levels on leukocyte telomere lengths in the Singaporean Chinese population. Nutr J 2020; 19:119. [PMID: 33126880 PMCID: PMC7602302 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00626-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shorter telomere length (TL) has been associated with poor health behaviors, increased risks of chronic diseases and early mortality. Excessive shortening of telomere is a marker of accelerated aging and can be influenced by oxidative stress and nutritional deficiency. Plasma n6:n3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio may impact cell aging. Increased dietary intake of marine n-3 PUFA is associated with reduced telomere attrition. However, the effect of plasma PUFA on leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and its interaction with genetic variants are not well established. METHODS A nested coronary artery disease (CAD) case-control study comprising 711 cases and 638 controls was conducted within the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS). Samples genotyped with the Illumina ZhongHua-8 array. Plasma n-3 and n-6 PUFA were quantified using mass spectrometry (MS). LTL was measured with quantitative PCR method. Linear regression was used to test the association between PUFA and LTL. The interaction between plasma PUFAs and genetic variants was assessed by introducing an additional term (PUFA×genetic variant) in the regression model. Analysis was carried out in cases and controls separately and subsequently meta-analyzed using the inverse-variance weighted method. We further assessed the association of PUFA and LTL with CAD risk by Cox Proportional-Hazards model and whether the effect of PUFA on CAD was mediated through LTL by using structural equation modeling. RESULTS Higher n6:n3 ratio was significantly associated with shorter LTL (p = 0.018) and increased CAD risk (p = 0.005). These associations were mainly driven by elevated plasma total n-3 PUFAs, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant interaction for an intergenic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs529143 with plasma total n-3 PUFA and DHA on LTL beyond the genome-wide threshold (p < 5 × 10- 8). Mediation analysis showed that PUFA and LTL affected CAD risk independently. CONCLUSIONS Higher plasma n6:n3 PUFA ratio, and lower EPA and DHA n-3 PUFAs were associated with shorter LTL and increased CAD risk in this Chinese population. Furthermore, genetic variants may modify the effect of PUFAs on LTL. PUFA and LTL had independent effect on CAD risk in our study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuling Chang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ye Sun
- Nestlé Research Singapore Hub, Singapore, 21 Biopolis Drive, Nucleos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ling Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Choon Nam Ong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Woon Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Health Systems and Services Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
- Unit of Epidemiology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health, POB 12272, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
- Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
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40
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Gao Y, Wei Y, Zhou X, Huang S, Zhao H, Zeng P. Assessing the Relationship Between Leukocyte Telomere Length and Cancer Risk/Mortality in UK Biobank and TCGA Datasets With the Genetic Risk Score and Mendelian Randomization Approaches. Front Genet 2020; 11:583106. [PMID: 33193711 PMCID: PMC7644901 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.583106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Telomere length is an important indicator of tumor progression and survival for cancer patients. Previous work investigated the associations between genetically predicted telomere length and cancers; however, the types of cancers investigated in those studies were relatively limited or the telomere length-associated genetic variants employed often came from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) with small sample sizes. Methods We constructed the genetic risk score (GRS) for leukocyte telomere length based on 17 associated genetic variants available from the largest telomere length GWAS up to 78,592 individuals. Then, a comprehensive analysis was undertaken to evaluate the association between the constructed GRS and the risk or mortality of a wide range of cancers [i.e., 37 cancers in the UK Biobank and 33 cancers in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)]. We further applied the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to estimate the causal effect of leukocyte telomere length on UK Biobank cancers via summary statistics. Results In the UK Biobank dataset, we found that the GRS of leukocyte telomere length was associated with a decreased risk of nine types of cancer (i.e., significant association with multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, kidney/renal cell cancer, bladder cancer, malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and prostate cancer and suggestive association with sarcoma/fibrosarcoma and Hodgkin’s lymphoma/Hodgkin’s disease). In addition, we found that the GRS was suggestively associated with an increased risk of leukemia. In the TCGA dataset, we observed suggestive evidence that the GRS was associated with a high death hazard of rectum adenocarcinoma (READ), sarcoma (SARC), and skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM), while the GRS was associated with a low death hazard of kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP). The results of MR further supported the association for leukocyte telomere length on the risk of malignant melanoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma/Hodgkin’s disease, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma. Conclusion Our study reveals that telomere played diverse roles in different types of cancers. However, further validations in large-scale prospective studies and deeper investigations of the biologic mechanisms are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yongyue Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Center for Statistical Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Shuiping Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Huashuo Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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41
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Wu Y, Poulos RC, Reddel RR. Role of POT1 in Human Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102739. [PMID: 32987645 PMCID: PMC7598640 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The segmentation of eukaryotic genomes into discrete linear chromosomes requires processes to solve several major biological problems, including prevention of the chromosome ends being recognized as DNA breaks and compensation for the shortening that occurs when linear DNA is replicated. A specialized set of six proteins, collectively referred to as shelterin, is involved in both of these processes, and mutations in several of these are now known to be involved in cancer. Here, we focus on Protection of Telomeres 1 (POT1), the shelterin protein that appears to be most commonly involved in cancer, and consider the clinical significance of findings about its biological functions and the prevalence of inherited and acquired mutations in the POT1 gene. Abstract Telomere abnormalities facilitate cancer development by contributing to genomic instability and cellular immortalization. The Protection of Telomeres 1 (POT1) protein is an essential subunit of the shelterin telomere binding complex. It directly binds to single-stranded telomeric DNA, protecting chromosomal ends from an inappropriate DNA damage response, and plays a role in telomere length regulation. Alterations of POT1 have been detected in a range of cancers. Here, we review the biological functions of POT1, the prevalence of POT1 germline and somatic mutations across cancer predisposition syndromes and tumor types, and the dysregulation of POT1 expression in cancers. We propose a framework for understanding how POT1 abnormalities may contribute to oncogenesis in different cell types. Finally, we summarize the clinical implications of POT1 alterations in the germline and in cancer, and possible approaches for the development of targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangxiu Wu
- Cancer Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead NSW 2145, Australia;
- ProCan® Cancer Data Science Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead NSW 2145, Australia;
| | - Rebecca C. Poulos
- ProCan® Cancer Data Science Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead NSW 2145, Australia;
| | - Roger R. Reddel
- Cancer Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead NSW 2145, Australia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-8865-2901
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42
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Chang X, Dorajoo R, Han Y, Wang L, Liu J, Khor CC, Low AF, Chan MYY, Yuan JM, Koh WP, Friedlander Y, Heng CK. Interaction between a haptoglobin genetic variant and coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors on CAD severity in Singaporean Chinese population. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1450. [PMID: 32794371 PMCID: PMC7549588 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Haptoglobin (Hp) is a plasma protein with strong anti‐inflammation and antioxidant activities. Its plasma level is known to be inversely associated with many inflammatory diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. However, the association of HP genetic variants with coronary artery disease (CAD) severity/mortality, and how they interact with common CAD risk factors are largely unknown. Methods We conducted the analysis in a Singaporean Chinese CAD population with Gensini severity scores (N = 582) and subsequently evaluated the significant findings in an independent cohort with cardiovascular mortality (excluding stroke) as outcome (917 cases and 19,093 controls). CAD risk factors were ascertained from questionnaires, and stenosis information from medical records. Mortality was identified through linkage with the nationwide registry of births and deaths in Singapore. Linear regression analysis between HP genetic variant (rs217181) and disease outcome were performed. Interaction analyses were performed by introducing an interaction term in the same regression models. Results Although rs217181 was not significantly associated with CAD severity and cardiovascular mortality (excluding stroke) in all subjects, when stratified by hypertension status, hypertensive individuals with the minor T allele have more severe CAD (β = 0.073, SE = 0.030, p = 0.015) and non‐hypertensive individuals with the T allele have lower risk for mortality (odds ratio = 0.771 (0.607–0.980), p = 0.033). Conclusion HP genetic variant is not associated with CAD severity and mortality in the general population. However, hypertensive individuals with the rs217181 T allele associated with higher Hp levels had more severe CAD while non‐hypertensive individuals with the same allele had lower risk for mortality in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuling Chang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yi Han
- Departments of Preventive Medicine and Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ling Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adrian F Low
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,National University Heart Centre, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark Yan-Yee Chan
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Health Systems and Services Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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43
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Mendelian randomization implies no direct causal association between leukocyte telomere length and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12184. [PMID: 32699404 PMCID: PMC7376149 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68848-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to evaluate the causal relationship between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (n = ~ 38,000 for LTL and ~ 81,000 for ALS in the European population; n = ~ 23,000 for LTL and ~ 4,100 for ALS in the Asian population). We further evaluated mediation roles of lipids in the pathway from LTL to ALS. The odds ratio per standard deviation decrease of LTL on ALS was 1.10 (95% CI 0.93–1.31, p = 0.274) in the European population and 0.75 (95% CI 0.53–1.07, p = 0.116) in the Asian population. This null association was also detected between LTL and frontotemporal dementia in the European population. However, we found that an indirect effect of LTL on ALS might be mediated by low density lipoprotein (LDL) or total cholesterol (TC) in the European population. These results were robust against extensive sensitivity analyses. Overall, our MR study did not support the direct causal association between LTL and the ALS risk in neither population, but provided suggestive evidence for the mediation role of LDL or TC on the influence of LTL and ALS in the European population.
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44
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Periconceptional environment predicts leukocyte telomere length in a cross-sectional study of 7-9 year old rural Gambian children. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9675. [PMID: 32541825 PMCID: PMC7295801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66729-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life exposures are important predictors of adult disease risk. Although the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown, telomere maintenance may be involved. This study investigated the relationship between seasonal differences in parental exposures at time of conception and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in their offspring. LTL was measured in two cohorts of children aged 2 yrs (N = 487) and 7–9 yrs (N = 218). The association between date of conception and LTL was examined using Fourier regression models, adjusted for age, sex, leukocyte cell composition, and other potential confounders. We observed an effect of season in the older children in all models [likelihood ratio test (LRT) χ²2 = 7.1, p = 0.03; fully adjusted model]. LTL was greatest in children conceived in September (in the rainy season), and smallest in those conceived in March (in the dry season), with an effect size (LTL peak–nadir) of 0.60 z-scores. No effect of season was evident in the younger children (LRT χ²2 = 0.87, p = 0.65). The different results obtained for the two cohorts may reflect a delayed effect of season of conception on postnatal telomere maintenance. Alternatively, they may be explained by unmeasured differences in early life exposures, or the increased telomere attrition rate during infancy.
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45
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van der Spek A, Warner SC, Broer L, Nelson CP, Vojinovic D, Ahmad S, Arp PP, Brouwer RWW, Denniff M, van den Hout MCGN, van Rooij JGJ, Kraaij R, van IJcken WFJ, Samani NJ, Ikram MA, Uitterlinden AG, Codd V, Amin N, van Duijn CM. Exome Sequencing Analysis Identifies Rare Variants in ATM and RPL8 That Are Associated With Shorter Telomere Length. Front Genet 2020; 11:337. [PMID: 32425970 PMCID: PMC7204400 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are important for maintaining genomic stability. Telomere length has been associated with aging, disease, and mortality and is highly heritable (∼82%). In this study, we aimed to identify rare genetic variants associated with telomere length using whole-exome sequence data. We studied 1,303 participants of the Erasmus Rucphen Family (ERF) study, 1,259 of the Rotterdam Study (RS), and 674 of the British Heart Foundation Family Heart Study (BHF-FHS). We conducted two analyses, first we analyzed the family-based ERF study and used the RS and BHF-FHS for replication. Second, we combined the summary data of the three studies in a meta-analysis. Telomere length was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in blood. We identified nine rare variants significantly associated with telomere length (p-value < 1.42 × 10–7, minor allele frequency of 0.2–0.5%) in the ERF study. Eight of these variants (in C11orf65, ACAT1, NPAT, ATM, KDELC2, and EXPH5) were located on chromosome 11q22.3 that contains ATM, a gene involved in telomere maintenance. Although we were unable to replicate the variants in the RS and BHF-FHS (p-value ≥ 0.21), segregation analysis showed that all variants segregate with shorter telomere length in a family. In the meta-analysis of all studies, a nominally significant association with LTL was observed with a rare variant in RPL8 (p-value = 1.48 × 10−6), which has previously been associated with age. Additionally, a novel rare variant in the known RTEL1 locus showed suggestive evidence for association (p-value = 1.18 × 10–4) with LTL. To conclude, we identified novel rare variants associated with telomere length. Larger samples size are needed to confirm these findings and to identify additional variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley van der Spek
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,SkylineDx B.V., Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sophie C Warner
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pascal P Arp
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rutger W W Brouwer
- Center for Biomics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Matthew Denniff
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jeroen G J van Rooij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Robert Kraaij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wilfred F J van IJcken
- Center for Biomics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Veryan Codd
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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46
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Fazzini F, Lamina C, Raschenberger J, Schultheiss UT, Kotsis F, Schönherr S, Weissensteiner H, Forer L, Steinbrenner I, Meiselbach H, Bärthlein B, Wanner C, Eckardt KU, Köttgen A, Kronenberg F. Results from the German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study support association of relative telomere length with mortality in a large cohort of patients with moderate chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2020; 98:488-497. [PMID: 32641227 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Telomere length is known to be inversely associated with aging and has been proposed as a marker for aging-related diseases. Telomere attrition can be accelerated by oxidative stress and inflammation, both commonly present in patients with chronic kidney disease. Here, we investigated whether relative telomere length is associated with mortality in a large cohort of patients with chronic kidney disease stage G3 and A1-3 or G1-2 with overt proteinuria (A3) at enrollment. Relative telomere length was quantified in peripheral blood by a quantitative PCR method in 4,955 patients from the GCKD study, an ongoing prospective observational cohort. Complete four-year follow-up was available from 4,926 patients in whom we recorded 354 deaths. Relative telomere length was a strong and independent predictor of all-cause mortality. Each decrease of 0.1 relative telomere length unit was highly associated with a 14% increased risk of death (hazard ratio1.14 [95% confidence interval 1.06-1.22]) in a model adjusted for age, sex, baseline eGFR, urine albumin/creatinine ratio, diabetes mellitus, prevalent cardiovascular disease, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, smoking, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, C-reactive protein and serum albumin. This translated to a 75% higher risk for those in the lowest compared to the highest quartile of relative telomere length. The association was mainly driven by 117 cardiovascular deaths (1.20 [1.05-1.35]) as well as 67 deaths due to infections (1.27 [1.07-1.50]). Thus, our findings support an association of shorter telomere length with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and death due to infections in patients with moderate chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Fazzini
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia Raschenberger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ulla T Schultheiss
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fruzsina Kotsis
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schönherr
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hansi Weissensteiner
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Forer
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Inga Steinbrenner
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heike Meiselbach
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Bärthlein
- Medical Centre for Information and Communication Technology (MIK), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wanner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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47
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Nelson CP, Codd V. Genetic determinants of telomere length and cancer risk. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2020; 60:63-68. [PMID: 32171108 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The relationship of telomere length with cancer risk has been the source of much debate within epidemiological studies, which have produced inconsistent finding both between and within different cancer types. Over recent years, genome-wide association studies of increasing size have identified variants that determine human telomere length. These variants have subsequently been utilised as instrumental variables in Mendelian randomisation based studies, allowing the investigation of potential causal relationships between telomere length and cancer. Here we discuss recent advances in both genomic discovery, studies that give increasing evidence towards a causal role for telomere length in cancer risk and considerations for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, UK; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Veryan Codd
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, UK; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
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48
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Li C, Stoma S, Lotta LA, Warner S, Albrecht E, Allione A, Arp PP, Broer L, Buxton JL, Da Silva Couto Alves A, Deelen J, Fedko IO, Gordon SD, Jiang T, Karlsson R, Kerrison N, Loe TK, Mangino M, Milaneschi Y, Miraglio B, Pervjakova N, Russo A, Surakka I, van der Spek A, Verhoeven JE, Amin N, Beekman M, Blakemore AI, Canzian F, Hamby SE, Hottenga JJ, Jones PD, Jousilahti P, Mägi R, Medland SE, Montgomery GW, Nyholt DR, Perola M, Pietiläinen KH, Salomaa V, Sillanpää E, Suchiman HE, van Heemst D, Willemsen G, Agudo A, Boeing H, Boomsma DI, Chirlaque MD, Fagherazzi G, Ferrari P, Franks P, Gieger C, Eriksson JG, Gunter M, Hägg S, Hovatta I, Imaz L, Kaprio J, Kaaks R, Key T, Krogh V, Martin NG, Melander O, Metspalu A, Moreno C, Onland-Moret NC, Nilsson P, Ong KK, Overvad K, Palli D, Panico S, Pedersen NL, Penninx BWJH, Quirós JR, Jarvelin MR, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Scott RA, Severi G, Slagboom PE, Spector TD, Tjonneland A, Trichopoulou A, Tumino R, Uitterlinden AG, van der Schouw YT, van Duijn CM, Weiderpass E, Denchi EL, Matullo G, Butterworth AS, Danesh J, Samani NJ, Wareham NJ, Nelson CP, Langenberg C, Codd V. Genome-wide Association Analysis in Humans Links Nucleotide Metabolism to Leukocyte Telomere Length. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 106:389-404. [PMID: 32109421 PMCID: PMC7058826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a heritable biomarker of genomic aging. In this study, we perform a genome-wide meta-analysis of LTL by pooling densely genotyped and imputed association results across large-scale European-descent studies including up to 78,592 individuals. We identify 49 genomic regions at a false dicovery rate (FDR) < 0.05 threshold and prioritize genes at 31, with five highlighting nucleotide metabolism as an important regulator of LTL. We report six genome-wide significant loci in or near SENP7, MOB1B, CARMIL1, PRRC2A, TERF2, and RFWD3, and our results support recently identified PARP1, POT1, ATM, and MPHOSPH6 loci. Phenome-wide analyses in >350,000 UK Biobank participants suggest that genetically shorter telomere length increases the risk of hypothyroidism and decreases the risk of thyroid cancer, lymphoma, and a range of proliferative conditions. Our results replicate previously reported associations with increased risk of coronary artery disease and lower risk for multiple cancer types. Our findings substantially expand current knowledge on genes that regulate LTL and their impact on human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, CB2 0SL, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | - Svetlana Stoma
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, LE3 9QP, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | - Luca A Lotta
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, CB2 0SL, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Warner
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Albrecht
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Centre for Environmental Health, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alessandra Allione
- Department of Medical Science, Genomic Variation and Translational Research Unit, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Pascal P Arp
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Linda Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jessica L Buxton
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy, and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, KT1 2EE, United Kingdom; Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Alexessander Da Silva Couto Alves
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom; School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Joris Deelen
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, D-50931, Cologne, Germany; Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Iryna O Fedko
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universteit, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Scott D Gordon
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland, 4006 Australia
| | - Tao Jiang
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, CB1 8RN, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Nicola Kerrison
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, CB2 0SL, United Kingdom
| | - Taylor K Loe
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC/Vrije Universiteit, 1081HJ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Miraglio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), PO Box 20, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Natalia Pervjakova
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Alessia Russo
- Department of Medical Science, Genomic Variation and Translational Research Unit, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Ida Surakka
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), PO Box 20, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ashley van der Spek
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Josine E Verhoeven
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC/Vrije Universiteit, 1081HJ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marian Beekman
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandra I Blakemore
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0HS, United Kingdom
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephen E Hamby
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, LE3 9QP, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universteit, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter D Jones
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sarah E Medland
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland, 4006 Australia
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dale R Nyholt
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland, 4006 Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, 4059, Australia
| | - Markus Perola
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland; Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum 1, PO Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Obesity Center, Abdominal Center, Endocrinology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elina Sillanpää
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), PO Box 20, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, PO Box 35, 40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - H Eka Suchiman
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universteit, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment, and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, Group of Research on Nutrition and Cancer, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet of Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Heiner Boeing
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universteit, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria-Dolores Chirlaque
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30008, Murcia, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Center of Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, UMR 1018 Inserm, Institut Gustave Roussy, Paris-Sud Paris-Saclay University, 94805 Villejuif, France; Digital Epidemiology Research Hub, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Paul Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research Center, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden; Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Centre for Environmental Health, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johan Gunnar Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, PO Box 20, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Centre, PO Box 20, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597
| | - Marc Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Iiris Hovatta
- SleepWell Research Program, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liher Imaz
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, 20013 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), PO Box 20, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Public Health, PO Box 20, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Timothy Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, OX3 7LF, United Kingdom
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS-Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland, 4006 Australia
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - N Charlotte Onland-Moret
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research Center, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, CB2 0SL, United Kingdom; Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research-ISPRO, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC/Vrije Universiteit, 1081HJ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J Ramón Quirós
- Consejería de Sanidad, Public Health Directorate, 33006 Asturias, Spain
| | - Marjo Riitta Jarvelin
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom; School of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco
- Center of Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, UMR 1018 Inserm, Institut Gustave Roussy, Paris-Sud Paris-Saclay University, 94805 Villejuif, France; Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), 18080 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, CB2 0SL, United Kingdom
| | - Gianluca Severi
- CESP, Facultés de médecine, Université Paris, 94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti," University of Florence, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, D-50931, Cologne, Germany; Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Tjonneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, Provincial Health Authority (ASP), 97100 Ragusa, Italy; Hyblean Association for Research on Epidemiology, No Profit Organization, 97100 Ragusa, Italy
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yvonne T van der Schouw
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, OX3 7LF, United Kingdom
| | | | - Eros Lazzerini Denchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Laboratory of Chromosome Instability, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Giuseppe Matullo
- Department of Medical Science, Genomic Variation and Translational Research Unit, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, CB1 8RN, United Kingdom; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom; NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, CB1 8RN, United Kingdom; BHF Cambridge Centre of Excellence, School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrookes' Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - John Danesh
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, CB1 8RN, United Kingdom; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom; NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, CB1 8RN, United Kingdom; Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom; BHF Cambridge Centre of Excellence, School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrookes' Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, LE3 9QP, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, LE3 9QP, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, CB2 0SL, United Kingdom.
| | - Veryan Codd
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, LE3 9QP, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, United Kingdom.
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49
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Sakai K, Tanikawa C, Hirasawa A, Chiyoda T, Yamagami W, Kataoka F, Susumu N, Terao C, Kamatani Y, Takahashi A, Momozawa Y, Hirata M, Kubo M, Fuse N, Takai-Igarashi T, Shimizu A, Fukushima A, Kadota A, Arisawa K, Ikezaki H, Wakai K, Yamaji T, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Tsugane S, Aoki D, Matsuda K. Identification of a novel uterine leiomyoma GWAS locus in a Japanese population. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1197. [PMID: 31988393 PMCID: PMC6985131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58066-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyoma is one of the most common gynaecologic benign tumours, but its genetic basis remains largely unknown. Six previous GWAS identified 33 genetic factors in total. Here, we performed a two-staged GWAS using 13,746 cases and 70,316 controls from the Japanese population, followed by a replication analysis using 3,483 cases and 4,795 controls. The analysis identified 9 significant loci, including a novel locus on 12q23.2 (rs17033114, P = 6.12 × 10-25 with an OR of 1.177 (1.141-1.213), LINC00485). Subgroup analysis indicated that 5 loci (3q26.2, 5p15.33, 10q24.33, 11p15.5, 13q14.11) exhibited a statistically significant effect among multiple leiomyomas, and 2 loci (3q26.2, 10q24.33) exhibited a significant effect among submucous leiomyomas. Pleiotropic analysis indicated that all 9 loci were associated with at least one proliferative disease, suggesting the role of these loci in the common neoplastic pathway. Furthermore, the risk T allele of rs2251795 (3q26.2) was associated with longer telomere length in both normal and tumour tissues. Our findings elucidated the significance of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of leiomyoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Sakai
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Keio University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chizu Tanikawa
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Hirasawa
- Keio University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Clinical Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Chiyoda
- Keio University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Yamagami
- Keio University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumio Kataoka
- Keio University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Susumu
- International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chikashi Terao
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Takahashi
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Genomic Medicine, Research Institute, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Hirata
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuo Fuse
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Shimizu
- Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Akimune Fukushima
- Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Aya Kadota
- Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kokichi Arisawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ikezaki
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Division of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Division of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Keio University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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