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Li S, Liu H, Chen G, Wu LZ, Zhang T. Paired Chemical Upgrading in Photoelectrochemical Cells. JACS AU 2025; 5:2061-2075. [PMID: 40443900 PMCID: PMC12117398 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.5c00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2025] [Revised: 03/25/2025] [Accepted: 03/27/2025] [Indexed: 06/02/2025]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) technology has emerged as a promising platform for sustainable energy conversion and chemical synthesis, utilizing solar energy to facilitate redox reactions. While PEC systems have been extensively studied for water splitting, CO2 reduction, nitrogen reduction for value-added compounds synthesis, the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on the anode side and the less economic value of O2 limit system efficiency. To address this, researchers have explored paired chemical upgrading strategies, coupling selective anodic organic oxidation reactions (OORs) with cathodic reduction reactions. This approach enabled the simultaneous production of high-value chemicals and fuels, enhancing the PEC system efficiency and economic viability. In this Perspective, we highlight the latest advancements and milestones in coupling anode OORs and cathode reduction reactions within PEC cells. Particular emphasis is placed on the key design principles, catalyst development, reaction mechanisms, and the performance of paired PEC cells. In addition, challenges and perspectives are provided for the future development of this emerging and sustainable technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Li
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, P. R. China
- Center
of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, P. R. China
| | - Hongrui Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, P. R. China
- Center
of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, P. R. China
| | - Guangbo Chen
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, P. R. China
| | - Tierui Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, P. R. China
- Center
of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, P. R. China
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2
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Liu Y, Yeung CWS, Reisner E. Photoelectrochemical comproportionation of pre-treated PET plastics and CO 2 to formate. ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2025:d5ee00689a. [PMID: 40226152 PMCID: PMC11986568 DOI: 10.1039/d5ee00689a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2025] [Accepted: 03/25/2025] [Indexed: 04/15/2025]
Abstract
Pairing plastic waste reforming and carbon dioxide (CO2) utilisation to produce chemical energy carriers provides an attractive means to mitigate waste and create value, but challenges persist in achieving selective product formation, separation and overall device integration. Herein, we present an organic-inorganic photoelectrochemical (PEC) tandem device that enables the solar-powered comproportionation of plastic waste and CO2 into a single product, formate. The hematite photoanode achieves continuous and selective oxidation of alkaline pre-treated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics to formate, while an organic semiconductor photocathode coupled to a biocatalyst achieves selective CO2 photoreduction to formate under neutral pH conditions. The integrated PEC device operates without external voltage input to achieve simultaneous plastic oxidation and CO2 reduction, leading to a near-200% formate Faradaic efficiency and an average formate production rate of 11 μmol cm-2 h-1 for 10 h under simulated AM1.5G irradiation at room temperature. This work introduces a strategy for the visible-light promoted processing of two distinct waste streams into a single product, thereby enhancing product formation rates, reducing limitations arising from product separation and advancing efforts toward a sustainable circular industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpeng Liu
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | | | - Erwin Reisner
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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3
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Zhou Y, Yan P, Liu W, Ma Z, Zhou C, Liu Y, Xu Q. Photocatalytic Glucose Reforming for Formic Acid on 2D Amorphous MoO 3-x/TNTs Heterojunction in Pure Water. CHEMSUSCHEM 2025:e2500465. [PMID: 40178521 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202500465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2025] [Revised: 03/29/2025] [Accepted: 04/03/2025] [Indexed: 04/05/2025]
Abstract
Formic acid is a promising hydrogen-storage material and biohydrogen production intermediate, offering sustainable biomass-derived alternative processes. Herein, a 2D amorphous molybdenum oxide/titanium oxide nanotubes (MoO3-x/TNTs) heterojunction with amorphous/crystalline interfaces is designed and fabricated by supercritical CO2, with which the photocatalytic reforming of glucose for formic acid is realized in pure water. The HCOOH yields 14.8% for glucose and 22% for glycerol, are achieved in pure water at room temperature with 2 bars O2 atmosphere within 6 h under 365 nm light with 5 mW cm-2. The photoinduced Mo6+-catalyzed ligand-to-metal charge transfer and the enhanced adsorption energy of glucose molecules on the MoO3-x surface in the MoO3-x/TNTs heterojunction facilitate the cleavage of CC bonds in polyhydric alcohol skeletons, leading to the formation of HCOOH. Under light excitation, MoO3-x transfers electrons to TNTs due to the defect state, synergizing with the generated •OH radicals in the system. This results in reversible cycling between Mo6+ and Mo5+, thereby ensuring catalytic persistence. Therefore, this study demonstrates a photocatalytic strategy for the sustainable production of value-added chemicals from biomass under eco-friendly conditions, using easily recyclable heterogeneous catalysts in pure water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Yan
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Ma
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Chaozheng Zhou
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Yingguo Liu
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Qun Xu
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
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4
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Yi P, Chen Q, Dong J, Shen G, Wu M, Yan Y, Lu M, Pan B, Xing B. Overlooked Role of Photogenerated Holes in Persistent Free Radical Formation on Hematite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2025; 59:5775-5785. [PMID: 40072563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5c01376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2025]
Abstract
Persistent free radicals (PFRs) have garnered considerable attention due to their long lifetime and high reactivity. However, the roles of photogenerated carriers in PFR formation remain underexplored. We compared and analyzed the PFR formation on hematite-SiO2 loaded catechol, combining experimental and theoretical investigations. Significant PFRs were observed only under ultraviolet light irradiation. The PFR concentration on hematite nanoplates (HP, 1.29 × 1017 spins/mg) was higher than those on hematite nanocubes (HC, 9.19 × 1016 spins/mg) and nanorods (HR, 7.02 × 1016 spins/mg). A stronger stability of PFRs on HR (183 h of t1/e) was observed compared with HP (95.4 h of t1/e) and HC (37.7 h of t1/e). Photoelectrochemical analysis and quenching experiments indicated that photogenerated holes, rather than electrons, controlled the PFR formation. Photogenerated holes manipulate the asymmetric distribution of up-spin and down-spin electrons in the p orbital of catechol to regulate PFR formation. Hole quantity and exposed facets caused significant differences in the concentration and stability of PFRs. The high concentration of PFRs on HP is due to abundant holes, while the weak stability of PFRs on HC is due to the exposed {012} facet. This study introduces a novel mechanism for PFR formation regulated by photogenerated holes, contributing to a better understanding of their environmental function and associated risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yi
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jihong Dong
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Guofeng Shen
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Southwest United Graduate School,Kunming 650092,China
| | - Min Wu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yani Yan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Meng Lu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Southwest United Graduate School,Kunming 650092,China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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Wang C, Geng L, Bi Y. Highly Active Oxygen Evolution Integrating with Highly Selective CO 2-to-CO Reduction. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2025; 17:184. [PMID: 40074988 PMCID: PMC11904044 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01688-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025]
Abstract
Artificial carbon fixation is a promising pathway for achieving the carbon cycle and environment remediation. However, the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and poor selectivity of CO2 reduction seriously limited the overall conversion efficiencies of solar energy to chemical fuels. Herein, we demonstrated a facile and feasible strategy to rationally regulate the coordination environment and electronic structure of surface-active sites on both photoanode and cathode. More specifically, the defect engineering has been employed to reduce the coordination number of ultrathin FeNi catalysts decorated on BiVO4 photoanodes, resulting in one of the highest OER activities of 6.51 mA cm-2 (1.23 VRHE, AM 1.5G). Additionally, single-atom cobalt (II) phthalocyanine anchoring on the N-rich carbon substrates to increase Co-N coordination number remarkably promotes CO2 adsorption and activation for high selective CO production. Their integration achieved a record activity of 109.4 μmol cm-2 h-1 for CO production with a faradaic efficiency of > 90%, and an outstanding solar conversion efficiency of 5.41% has been achieved by further integrating a photovoltaic utilizing the sunlight (> 500 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, National Engineering Research Center for Fine Petrochemical Intermediates, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Laihong Geng
- Gansu Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingpu Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, National Engineering Research Center for Fine Petrochemical Intermediates, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Chen Z, Xiao Y, Qiao X, Ou H, Lee CF, Wang HT, Shao YC, Han L. Monitoring chalcogenide ions-guided in situ transform active sites of tailored bismuth electrocatalysts for CO 2 reduction to formate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2025; 122:e2420922122. [PMID: 40042908 PMCID: PMC11912470 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2420922122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2025] [Indexed: 03/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Although bismuth catalysts enable accelerated electrochemical CO2-to-formate conversion, the intrinsic active sites and forming mechanisms under operating conditions remain elusive. Herein, we prepared Bi2O2NCN, Bi2O3, and Bi2O2S as precatalysts. Among them, Bi2O2NCN-derived catalyst possesses optimum performance of electrochemical CO2-to-formate, exhibiting an upsurge of Faradaic efficiency to 98.3% at -0.6 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrodes. In-situ infrared and electrochemical impedance spectra trace and interpret the superior performance. Multimodal structural analyses utilizing quasi-in-situ X-ray diffraction, in-situ X-ray absorption near edge structure and in-situ Raman spectra provide powerful support to monitoring the catalysts' in-situ transforms to metallic Bi, identifying the formation of the active sites influenced by the chalcogenide ions-guided: Carbodiimide promotes to form of the dominant Bi(003) facet exposure, which distinguishes from sulfide- and oxide-preferred dominant Bi(012) facets exposure. Concurrently, theoretical insights garnered from multiscale/multilevel computational analyses harmoniously corroborate the experimental findings. These findings show the pivotal role of chalcogenide in tailoring bismuth electrocatalysts for selective CO2 reduction to formate, illuminating the significance of controlling structural chemistry in designing catalysts toward high-efficiency renewable energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou350002, China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou350108, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou350002, China
| | - Xianji Qiao
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
| | - Honghui Ou
- Xi’an Jiaotong University-Oxford International Joint Laboratory for Catalysis, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an710049, China
| | - Chi-Feng Lee
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City251301, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Tsu Wang
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City251301, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Shao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu30076, Taiwan
| | - Lili Han
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou350002, China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou350108, China
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7
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Boruah B, Lopez‐Ruiz JA. Progress on Photo-, Electro-, and Photoelectro-Catalytic Conversion of Recalcitrant Polyethylene, Polypropylene, and Polystyrene - A Review. CHEMSUSCHEM 2025; 18:e202401714. [PMID: 39547947 PMCID: PMC11874671 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202401714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 11/08/2024] [Accepted: 11/10/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024]
Abstract
Recalcitrant waste plastics such a polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene are difficult to recycle and are mostly disposed of in landfills and eventually leached into the environmental as micro- and nano-plastics. This review explores how photo-, electro-, and combined photoelectro-catalytic processes can assist in the degradation and upcycling of waste plastic into different chemicals and mitigate their release to the environment. In this work, we discuss how the different reaction mechanisms proceed, explore the current relevant literature, and highlight the developments needed to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanupriya Boruah
- Institute for Integrated CatalysisPacific Northwest National LaboratoryWSU-PNNL Bioproducts Institute902 Battelle BlvdRichlandWA 99352USA
| | - Juan A. Lopez‐Ruiz
- Institute for Integrated CatalysisPacific Northwest National LaboratoryWSU-PNNL Bioproducts Institute902 Battelle BlvdRichlandWA 99352USA
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Gao B, Mu X, Liu J, Feng J, Huang H, Zou Z, Li Z. Optimizing Formation Energy Barrier of NiCo-LDH Cocatalyst to Enhance Photoelectrochemical Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation. J Phys Chem Lett 2025; 16:148-152. [PMID: 39707978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c03065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2024]
Abstract
Using organic oxidation reactions to replace the oxygen evolution reaction is a promising approach for producing high-value organic products and hydrogen. Here, we report a photoelectrochemical benzyl alcohol oxidation system based on an α-Fe2O3 photoanode coated with a NiCo-layered double hydroxide (NiCo-LDH) cocatalyst. By adjustment of the relative content of Ni and Co in the NiCo-LDH, the optimized photoanode achieved a benzyl alcohol conversion efficiency of 99.1% and benzoic acid selectivity of 90.9%. Experimental studies revealed that the benzyl alcohol oxidation reaction proceeds via an indirect catalytic mechanism involving high-valence species of the NiCo-LDH cocatalyst. Co in NiCo-LDH reduced the formation energy barrier and oxidative capability of the high-valence species, thereby influencing the performance of the photoanode. This work provides insights into the crucial role of cocatalyst composition in organic reaction oxidation and contributes to developing various photoelectrochemical organic oxidation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Gao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Mu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Jianming Liu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Jianyong Feng
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Huiting Huang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Zhigang Zou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Zhaosheng Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
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9
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Le Duy N, Chuang PC, Lin CY, Lai YH. Photoelectrochemical valorization of cellulose over bismuth-based oxide modified titanium dioxide photoanodes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2025; 458:115932. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2024.115932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2025]
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10
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Lee DY, Shin HM, Yoon MH. Solution-processed nickel oxide passivation on large-area silicon electrodes for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting. RSC Adv 2024; 14:40180-40186. [PMID: 39717806 PMCID: PMC11664324 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra06774f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 12/16/2024] [Indexed: 12/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical water splitting is a promising technology for converting solar energy into chemical energy. For this system to be practically viable, the materials and processes employed for photoelectrode fabrication should be cost-effective and scalable. Herein, we report the large-scale fabrication of nickel oxide-coated n-type silicon (n-Si) photoanodes via chemical bath deposition for efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation. The conditions for depositing the nickel oxide-based passivation coating on n-Si electrodes were systematically optimized in terms of precursor immersion time and annealing temperature, while surface morphology and electrochemical properties were cautiously characterized. Finally, the fabrication of practically-useful large-area photoanodes were demonstrated by incorporating the solution-processed nickel oxide passivation layer onto 3-dimensionally structured 4-inch n-Si wafers with enlarged surface areas and diminished light reflection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Min Shin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Han Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
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Chuang PC, Lin CY, Ye ST, Lai YH. Earth-Abundant CuWO 4 as a Versatile Platform for Photoelectrochemical Valorization of Soluble Biomass Under Benign Conditions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2404478. [PMID: 39391939 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Here, a nanosheet-structured CuWO4 (nanoCuWO4) is demonstrated as a selective and stable photoanode for biomass valorization in neutral and near-neutral solutions. nanoCuWO4 can be readily prepared by a solid phase reaction using nanosheet-structured WO3 as the template. Several substrates, including glucose, fructose and glycerol, are investigated to reveal the wide applicability of nanoCuWO4. The activity and product distribution trends in biomass valorization are investigated at different pH by taking advantage of the promising stability of nanoCuWO4 in a wide pH range. Product analyses confirm that formate production with a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 76 ± 5% and glycolate production with an FE of 61 ± 8% can be achieved by glucose and fructose valorization at pH 10.2, respectively. On the other hand, glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone (DHA) are the main products in the glycerol valorization, accounting for an FE of over 85% at pH 7. Notably, nanoCuWO4 has the highest FE of DHA in photoelectrochemical (PEC) glycerol valorization compared to WO3 and BiVO4 at neutral pH. The oxidation routes and mechanism of glycerol valorization on nanoCuWO4 are also under investigation. The co-production of H2 and value-added chemicals is finally demonstrated using a photovoltaic cell connected to a nanoCuWO4-based PEC glycerol valorization system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chang Chuang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yuan Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan
| | - Si-Ting Ye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan
- Academy of Innovative and Sustainable Manufacturing, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan
- Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 70101, Taiwan
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12
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Lin C, Lu Y, Miao J, Ma Z, Choi Y, Yang Y, Dong C, Shen J, Park JH, Zhang K. Quasi-homogeneous photoelectrochemical organic transformations for tunable products and 100% conversion ratio. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:3395-3403. [PMID: 39181786 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) organic transformation at the anode coupled with cathodic H2 generation is a potentially rewarding strategy for efficient solar energy utilization. Nevertheless, achieving the full conversion of organic substrates with exceptional product selectivity remains a formidable hurdle in the context of heterogeneous catalysis at the solid/liquid interface. Here, we put forward a quasi-homogeneous catalysis concept by using the reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as ·OH, H2O2 and SO4•-, as a charge transfer mediator instead of direct heterogeneous catalysis at the solid/liquid interface. In the context of glycerol oxidation, all ROS exhibited a preference for first-order reaction kinetics. These ROS, however, showcased distinct oxidation mechanisms, offering a range of advantages such as ∼ 100 % conversion ratios and the flexibility to tune the resulting products. Glycerol oxidative formic acid with Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 81.2 % was realized by the H2O2 and ·OH, while SO4•- was preferably for glycerol conversion to C3 products like glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone with a total FE of about 80 %. Strikingly, the oxidative coupling of methane to ethanol was successfully achieved in our quasi-homogeneous system, yielding a remarkable production rate of 12.27 μmol h-1 and an impressive selectivity of 92.7 %. This study is anticipated to pave the way for novel approaches in steering solar-driven organic conversions by manipulating ROS to attain desired products and conversion ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiaming Miao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Zhongyuan Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmoon Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Chaoran Dong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jinyou Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Jong Hyeok Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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Sitara A, Hocq R, Horvath J, Pflügl S. Industrial biotechnology goes thermophilic: Thermoanaerobes as promising hosts in the circular carbon economy. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 408:131164. [PMID: 39069138 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Transitioning away from fossil feedstocks is imperative to mitigate climate change, and necessitates the utilization of renewable, alternative carbon and energy sources to foster a circular carbon economy. In this context, lignocellulosic biomass and one-carbon compounds emerge as promising feedstocks that could be renewably upgraded by thermophilic anaerobes (thermoanaerobes) via gas fermentation or consolidated bioprocessing to value-added products. In this review, the potential of thermoanaerobes for cost-efficient, effective and sustainable bioproduction is discussed. Metabolic and bioprocess engineering approaches are reviewed to draw a comprehensive picture of current developments and future perspectives for the conversion of renewable feedstocks to chemicals and fuels of interest. Selected bioprocessing scenarios are outlined, offering practical insights into the applicability of thermoanaerobes at a large scale. Collectively, the potential advantages of thermoanaerobes regarding process economics could facilitate an easier transition towards sustainable bioprocesses with renewable feedstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Sitara
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rémi Hocq
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Optimized Expression of Carbohydrate-active Enzymes, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria; CIRCE Biotechnologie GmbH, Kerpengasse 125, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef Horvath
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Optimized Expression of Carbohydrate-active Enzymes, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Pflügl
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Optimized Expression of Carbohydrate-active Enzymes, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
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14
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Hong L, Zhang H, Hu L, Xiao R, Chu S. Near-infrared light-driven biomass conversion. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn9441. [PMID: 39058767 PMCID: PMC11277283 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn9441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Current photocatalytic technologies mainly rely on the input of high-energy ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) light to obtain the desired excited states with adequate energy to drive redox reactions, precluding the use of low-energy near-infrared (NIR) light that occupies ~50% of the solar spectrum. Here, we report the efficient utilization of NIR light by coupling the low-energy NIR photons with reactive biomass conversion. A unique mechanism of photothermally synergistic photocatalysis was revealed for the selective biomass conversion under NIR light. Using biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) conversion as a model reaction, it was found that NIR and UV-vis light featured markedly different reaction patterns. 5-Formyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (FFCA) was almost exclusively produced under NIR light, whereas UV-vis light favored the formation of 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) as the major product. This work provides a paradigm for sustainable and selective chemical synthesis using the Earth's abundant resources, sunlight and biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liangdong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Rui Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Sheng Chu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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15
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White NM, Waldie KM. Electrocatalytic formate and alcohol oxidation by hydride transfer at first-row transition metal complexes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:11644-11654. [PMID: 38896286 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04304e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic oxidation of carbon-based liquid fuels, such as formic acid and alcohols, has important applications for our renewable energy transition. Molecular electrocatalysts based on transition metal complexes provide the opportunity to explore the interplay between precise catalyst design and electrocatalytic activity. Recent advances have seen the development of first-row transition metal electrocatalysts for these transformations that operate via hydride transfer between the substrate and catalyst. In this Frontier article, we present the key contributions to this field and discuss the proposed mechanisms for each case. These studies also reveal the remaining challenges for formate and alcohol oxidation with first-row transition metal systems, for which we provide perspectives on future directions for next-generation electrocatalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navar M White
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
| | - Kate M Waldie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
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16
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Chandran B, Oh JK, Lee SW, Um DY, Kim SU, Veeramuthu V, Park JS, Han S, Lee CR, Ra YH. Solar-Driven Sustainability: III-V Semiconductor for Green Energy Production Technologies. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:244. [PMID: 38990425 PMCID: PMC11239647 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Long-term societal prosperity depends on addressing the world's energy and environmental problems, and photocatalysis has emerged as a viable remedy. Improving the efficiency of photocatalytic processes is fundamentally achieved by optimizing the effective utilization of solar energy and enhancing the efficient separation of photogenerated charges. It has been demonstrated that the fabrication of III-V semiconductor-based photocatalysts is effective in increasing solar light absorption, long-term stability, large-scale production and promoting charge transfer. This focused review explores on the current developments in III-V semiconductor materials for solar-powered photocatalytic systems. The review explores on various subjects, including the advancement of III-V semiconductors, photocatalytic mechanisms, and their uses in H2 conversion, CO2 reduction, environmental remediation, and photocatalytic oxidation and reduction reactions. In order to design heterostructures, the review delves into basic concepts including solar light absorption and effective charge separation. It also highlights significant advancements in green energy systems for water splitting, emphasizing the significance of establishing eco-friendly systems for CO2 reduction and hydrogen production. The main purpose is to produce hydrogen through sustainable and ecologically friendly energy conversion. The review intends to foster the development of greener and more sustainable energy source by encouraging researchers and developers to focus on practical applications and advancements in solar-powered photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bagavath Chandran
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Engineering College, Research Center for Advanced Materials Development (RCAMD), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Kyun Oh
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Engineering College, Research Center for Advanced Materials Development (RCAMD), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Lee
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Engineering College, Research Center for Advanced Materials Development (RCAMD), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Young Um
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Engineering College, Research Center for Advanced Materials Development (RCAMD), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Un Kim
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Engineering College, Research Center for Advanced Materials Development (RCAMD), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Vignesh Veeramuthu
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Engineering College, Research Center for Advanced Materials Development (RCAMD), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seo Park
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Engineering College, Research Center for Advanced Materials Development (RCAMD), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Shuo Han
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Engineering College, Research Center for Advanced Materials Development (RCAMD), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheul-Ro Lee
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Engineering College, Research Center for Advanced Materials Development (RCAMD), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ho Ra
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Engineering College, Research Center for Advanced Materials Development (RCAMD), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Zhang W, Killian L, Thevenon A. Electrochemical recycling of polymeric materials. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8606-8624. [PMID: 38873080 PMCID: PMC11168094 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01754d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymeric materials play a pivotal role in our modern world, offering a diverse range of applications. However, they have been designed with end-properties in mind over recyclability, leading to a crisis in their waste management. The recent emergence of electrochemical recycling methodologies for polymeric materials provides new perspectives on closing their life cycle, and to a larger extent, the plastic loop by transforming plastic waste into monomers, building blocks, or new polymers. In this context, we summarize electrochemical strategies developed for the recovery of building blocks, the functionalization of polymer chains as well as paired electrolysis and discuss how they can make an impact on plastic recycling, especially compared to traditional thermochemical approaches. Additionally, we explore potential directions that could revolutionize research in electrochemical plastic recycling, addressing associated challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhe Zhang
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Lars Killian
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Arnaud Thevenon
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 Utrecht The Netherlands
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18
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Wu Y, Fan N, Wei Z, Shen J, Chen C, Xu B, Peng Y, Shen M, Fan R. Sulfidation-Induced Surface Local Electronic and Atomic Structures in a Silver Catalyst Enables Silicon Photocathode for Selective and Efficient Photoelectrochemical CO 2 Reduction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:21868-21876. [PMID: 38637014 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Converting CO2 to value-added chemicals through a photoelectrochemical (PEC) system is a creative approach toward renewable energy utilization and storage. However, the rational design of appropriate catalysts while being effectively integrated with semiconductor photoelectrodes remains a considerable challenge for achieving single-carbon products with high efficiency. Herein, we demonstrate a novel sulfidation-induced strategy for in situ grown sulfide-derived Ag nanowires on a Si photocathode (denoted as SD-Ag/Si) based on the standard crystalline Si solar cells. Such an exquisite design of the SD-Ag/Si photocathode not only provides a large electrochemically active surface area but also endows abundant active sites of Ag2S/Ag interfaces and high-index Ag facets for PEC CO production. The optimized SD-Ag/Si photocathode displays an ideal CO Faradic efficiency of 95.2% and an onset potential of +0.26 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode, ascribed to the sulfidation-induced synergistic effect of the surface atomic arrangement and electronic structure in Ag catalysts that promote charge transfer, facilitate CO2 adsorption and activation, and suppress hydrogen evolution reaction. This sulfidation-induced strategy represents a scalable approach for designing high-performance catalysts for electrochemical and PEC devices with efficient CO2 utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuquan Wu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ningbo Fan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zhihe Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Junxia Shen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Cong Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Bin Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yang Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Mingrong Shen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ronglei Fan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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19
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Hu Y, Hu Q, Chen X, Zhao M, Wang Y, Guan H, Hu X, Wang Y, Feng J. Improved Conductivity and in Situ Formed Heterojunction via Zinc Doping in CuBi 2O 4 for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300897. [PMID: 38323673 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
As a photocathode with a band gap of about 1.8 eV, copper bismuthate (CuBi2O4) is a promising material for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. However, weak charge transfer capability and severe carrier recombination suppress the PEC performance of CuBi2O4. In this paper, the conductivity and carriers transport of CuBi2O4 are improved via introducing Zn2+ into the synthesis precursor of CuBi2O4, driving a beneficial 110 mV positive shift of onset potential in photocurrent. Detailed investigations demonstrate that the introduction of an appropriate amount of zinc leads to in situ segregation of ZnO which serves as an electron transport channel on the surface of CuBi2O4, forming heterojunctions. The synergistic effect of heterojunctions and doping simultaneously promotes the charge transfer and the carrier concentration. OCP experiment proves that ZnO/Zn-CuBi2O4 possesses better charge separation; the Mott-Schottky curve shows that the doping of Zn significantly enhances the carrier concentration; carrier lifetime calculated from time-resolved photoluminescence confirms faster extraction of carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfei Hu
- School of Materials Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211169, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Qingyuan Hu
- School of Materials Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211169, P. R. China
| | - Xianliu Chen
- Analysis and Test Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, P. R. China
| | - Mengting Zhao
- School of Materials Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211169, P. R. China
| | - Yumeng Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211169, P. R. China
| | - Hangmin Guan
- School of Materials Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211169, P. R. China
| | - Xuemin Hu
- School of Materials Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211169, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211169, P. R. China
| | - Jianyong Feng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
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20
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Go CY, Shin J, Choi MK, Jung IH, Kim KC. Switchable Design of Redox-Enhanced Nonaromatic Quinones Enabled by Conjugation Recovery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311155. [PMID: 38117071 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
An innovative switchable design strategy for modulating the electronic structures of quinones is proposed herein, leading to remarkably enhanced intrinsic redox potentials by restoring conjugated but nonaromatic backbone architectures. Computational validation of two fundamental hypotheses confirms the recovery of backbone conjugation and optimal utilization of the inductive effect in switched quinones, which affords significantly improved redox chemistry and overall performance compared to reference quinones. Geometric and electronic analyses provide strong evidence for the restored backbone conjugation and nonaromaticity in the switched quinones, while highlighting the reinforcement of the inductive effect and suppression of the resonance effect. This strategic approach facilitates the development of an exceptional quinone, viz. 2,6-naphthoquinone, with outstanding performance parameters (338.9 mAh g-1 and 912.9 mWh g-1). Furthermore, 2,6-anthraquinone with superior cyclic stability, demonstrates comparable performance (257.4 mAh g-1 and 702.8 mWh g-1). These findings offer valuable insights into the design of organic cathode materials with favorable redox chemistry in secondary batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Young Go
- Computational Materials Design Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, The Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Shin
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, The Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyu Choi
- Computational Materials Design Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, The Republic of Korea
| | - In Hwan Jung
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, The Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Chul Kim
- Computational Materials Design Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, The Republic of Korea
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, The Republic of Korea
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21
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Dang K, Liu S, Wu L, Tang D, Xue J, Wang J, Ji H, Chen C, Zhang Y, Zhao J. Bias distribution and regulation in photoelectrochemical overall water-splitting cells. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwae053. [PMID: 38666092 PMCID: PMC11044968 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The water oxidation half-reaction at anodes is always considered the rate-limiting step of overall water splitting (OWS), but the actual bias distribution between photoanodes and cathodes of photoelectrochemical (PEC) OWS cells has not been investigated systematically. In this work, we find that, for PEC cells consisting of photoanodes (nickel-modified n-Si [Ni/n-Si] and α-Fe2O3) with low photovoltage (Vph < 1 V), a large portion of applied bias is exerted on the Pt cathode for satisfying the hydrogen evolution thermodynamics, showing a thermodynamics-controlled characteristic. In contrast, for photoanodes (TiO2 and BiVO4) with Vph > 1 V, the bias required for cathode activation can be significantly reduced, exhibiting a kinetics-controlled characteristic. Further investigations show that the bias distribution can be regulated by tuning the electrolyte pH and using alternative half-reaction couplings. Accordingly, a volcano plot is presented for the rational design of the overall reactions and unbiased PEC cells. Motivated by this, an unbiased PEC cell consisting of a simple Ni/n-Si photoanode and Pt cathode is assembled, delivering a photocurrent density of 5.3 ± 0.2 mA cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Dang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Siqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Daojian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiaming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongwei Ji
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuncheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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22
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Bhattacharjee S, Linley S, Reisner E. Solar reforming as an emerging technology for circular chemical industries. Nat Rev Chem 2024:10.1038/s41570-023-00567-x. [PMID: 38291132 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00567-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The adverse environmental impacts of greenhouse gas emissions and persistent waste accumulation are driving the demand for sustainable approaches to clean-energy production and waste recycling. By coupling the thermodynamically favourable oxidation of waste-derived organic carbon streams with fuel-forming reduction reactions suitable for producing clean hydrogen or converting CO2 to fuels, solar reforming simultaneously valorizes waste and generates useful chemical products. With appropriate light harvesting, catalyst design, device configurations and waste pre-treatment strategies, a range of sustainable fuels and value-added chemicals can already be selectively produced from diverse waste feedstocks, including biomass and plastics, demonstrating the potential of solar-powered upcycling plants. This Review highlights solar reforming as an emerging technology that is currently transitioning from fundamental research towards practical application. We investigate the chemistry and compatibility of waste pre-treatment, introduce process classifications, explore the mechanisms of different solar reforming technologies, and suggest appropriate concepts, metrics and pathways for various deployment scenarios in a net-zero-carbon future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stuart Linley
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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23
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Chen R, Meng L, Xu W, Li L. Cocatalysts-Photoanode Interface in Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: Understanding and Insights. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304807. [PMID: 37653598 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Sluggish oxygen evolution reactions on photoanode surfaces severely limit the application of photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. The loading of cocatalysts on photoanodes has been recognized as the simplest and most efficient optimization scheme, which can reduce the surface barrier, provide more active sites, and accelerate the surface catalytic reaction kinetics. Nevertheless, the introduction of cocatalysts inevitably generates interfaces between photoanodes and oxygen evolution cocatalysts (Ph/OEC), which causes severe interfacial recombination and hinders the carrier transfer. Recently, many researchers have focused on cocatalyst engineering, while few have investigated the effect of the Ph/OEC interface. Hence, to maximize the advantages of cocatalysts, interfacial problems for designing efficient cocatalysts are systematically introduced. In this review, the interrelationship between the Ph/OEC and PEC performance is classified and some methods for characterizing Ph/OEC interfaces are investigated. Additionally, common interfacial optimization strategies are summarized. This review details cocatalyst-design-based interfacial problems, provides ideas for designing efficient cocatalysts, and offers references for solving interfacial problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runyu Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Linxing Meng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
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24
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Tang Z, Wang Y, Qian W, Piao Z, Wang H, Zhang Y. Two-way rushing travel: Cathodic-anodic coupling of Bi 2O 3-SnO@CuO nanowires, a bifunctional catalyst with excellent CO 2RR and MOR performance for the efficient production of formate. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 652:1653-1664. [PMID: 37666197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) generates high value-added products and simultaneously reduces excess atmospheric CO2 concentrations, is regarded as a potential approach to achieve carbon neutrality. However, the kinetic process of the anode oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is slow, resulting in a poor electrochemical efficiency of CO2RR. It is a breakthrough to replace OER with methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), which has more advantageous reaction kinetics. Herein, this work proposed a bifunctional catalyst Bi2O3-SnO modified CuO nanowires (Bi2O3-SnO@CuO NWs) with excellent CO2RR and MOR performance. For CO2RR, Bi2O3-SnO@CuO NWs achieved more than 90% formate selectivity at wide potential windows from -0.88 to -1.08 V (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)), peaking at 96.6%. Meanwhile, anodic Bi2O3-SnO@CuO NWs achieved 100 mA cm-2 at a low potential of 1.53 V (vs. RHE), possessing nearly 100% formate selectivity ranging from 1.6 to 1.8 V (vs. RHE). Impressively, by coupling cathodic CO2RR and anodic MOR, the integrated electrolytic cell realized co-production of formate (cathode: 94.7% and anode: 97.5%), minimizing the energy input by approximately 69%, compared with CO2RR. This work provided a meaningful perspective for the design of bifunctional catalysts and coupling reaction systems in CO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, China
| | - Wenxuan Qian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, China
| | - Zhe Piao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, China
| | - Honggui Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, China.
| | - Ya Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, China.
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25
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Ding Y, Dong Y, Ma M, Luo L, Wang X, Fang B, Li Y, Liu L, Ren F. CO 2 electrocatalytic reduction to ethylene and its application outlook in food science. iScience 2023; 26:108434. [PMID: 38125022 PMCID: PMC10730755 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficient conversion of CO2 is considered to be an important step toward carbon emissions peak and carbon neutrality. Presently, great efforts have been devoted to the study of efficient nanocatalysts, electrolytic cell, and electrolytes to achieve high reactivity and selectivity in the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to mono- and multi-carbon (C2+) compounds. However, there are very few reviews focusing on highly reactive and selective ethylene production and application in the field of electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR). Ethylene is a class of multi-carbon compounds that are widely applied in industrial, ecological, and agricultural fields. This review focuses especially on the convertibility of CO2 reduction to generate ethylene technology in practical applications and provides a detailed summary of the latest technologies for the efficient production of ethylene by CO2RR and suggests the potential application of CO2RR systems in food science to further expand the application market of CO2RR for ethylene production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Ding
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yixuan Dong
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Min Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lili Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xifan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bing Fang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Libing Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fazheng Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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26
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Atinafu DG, Kim YU, Kim S, Kang Y, Kim S. Advances in Biocarbon and Soft Material Assembly for Enthalpy Storage: Fundamentals, Mechanisms, and Multimodal Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2305418. [PMID: 37967349 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
High-value-added biomass materials like biocarbon are being actively pursued integrating them with soft materials in a broad range of advanced renewable energy technologies owing to their advantages, such as lightweight, relatively low-cost, diverse structural engineering applications, and high energy storage potential. Consequently, the hybrid integration of soft and biomass-derived materials shall store energy to mitigate intermittency issues, primarily through enthalpy storage during phase change. This paper introduces the recent advances in the development of natural biomaterial-derived carbon materials in soft material assembly and its applications in multidirectional renewable energy storage. Various emerging biocarbon materials (biochar, carbon fiber, graphene, nanoporous carbon nanosheets (2D), and carbon aerogel) with intrinsic structures and engineered designs for enhanced enthalpy storage and multimodal applications are discussed. The fundamental design approaches, working mechanisms, and feature applications, such as including thermal management and electromagnetic interference shielding, sensors, flexible electronics and transparent nanopaper, and environmental applications of biocarbon-based soft material composites are highlighted. Furthermore, the challenges and potential opportunities of biocarbon-based composites are identified, and prospects in biomaterial-based soft materials composites are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimberu G Atinafu
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Uk Kim
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungeun Kim
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Kang
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Kim
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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27
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Lo Vecchio C, Carbone A, Gatto I, Baglio V. Investigation of Fumasep ® FAA3-50 Membranes in Alkaline Direct Methanol Fuel Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061555. [PMID: 36987335 PMCID: PMC10054057 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the use of a commercial Fumasep® FAA3-50 membrane as an anion exchange membrane (AEM) in alkaline direct methanol fuel cells (ADMFCs). The membrane, supplied in bromide form, is first exchanged in chloride and successively in the hydroxide form. Anionic conductivity measurements are carried out in both a KOH aqueous solution and in a KOH/methanol mixture. AEM-DMFC tests are performed by feeding 1 M methanol, with or without 1 M KOH as a supporting electrolyte. A maximum power density of 5.2 mW cm-2 at 60 °C and 33.2 mW cm-2 at 80 °C is reached in KOH-free feeding and in the alkaline mixture, respectively. These values are in good agreement with some results in the literature obtained with similar experimental conditions but with different anion exchange membranes (AEMs). Finally, methanol crossover is investigated and corresponds to a maximum value of 1.45 × 10-8 mol s-1 cm-2 at 50 °C in a 1 M KOH methanol solution, thus indicating that the Fumasep® FAA3-50 membrane in OH form is a good candidate for ADMFC application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Lo Vecchio
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Istituto di Tecnologie Avanzate per l'Energia "Nicola Giordano", CNR-ITAE, Via Salita Santa Lucia Sopra Contesse 5, 98126 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandra Carbone
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Istituto di Tecnologie Avanzate per l'Energia "Nicola Giordano", CNR-ITAE, Via Salita Santa Lucia Sopra Contesse 5, 98126 Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Gatto
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Istituto di Tecnologie Avanzate per l'Energia "Nicola Giordano", CNR-ITAE, Via Salita Santa Lucia Sopra Contesse 5, 98126 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Baglio
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Istituto di Tecnologie Avanzate per l'Energia "Nicola Giordano", CNR-ITAE, Via Salita Santa Lucia Sopra Contesse 5, 98126 Messina, Italy
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