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Cong W, Li N, Miao Y, Huang Y, Zhao W, Kang Y, Zhang B, Wang J, Zhang J, Lv Y, Li J, Zhang J, Gong L, Liu B, Ou X. DNA hypomethylation-associated transcriptional rewiring enables resistance to heavy metal mercury (Hg) stress in rice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132649. [PMID: 37783144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is an important hazardous pollutant that can cause phytotoxicity and harm human health through the food chain. Recently, rice (Oryza sativa L.) has been confirmed as a potential Hg bioaccumulator. Although the genetic and molecular mechanisms involved in heavy metal absorption and translocation in rice have been investigated for several heavy metals, Hg is largely neglected. Here, we analyzed one Hg-resistant line in rice (RHg) derived from a DNA methyltransferase-coding gene, OsMET1-2 heterozygous mutant. Compared with its isogenic wild-type (WT), RHg exhibited a significantly higher survival rate after Hg treatment, ameliorated oxidative damage, and lower Hg uptake and translocation. RNAseq-based comparative transcriptomic analysis identified 34 potential Hg resistance-related genes involved in phytohormone signaling, abiotic stress response, and zinc (Zn) transport. Importantly, the elevated expression of Hg resistance-related genes in RHg was highly correlated with DNA hypomethylation in their putative promoter regions. An ionomic analysis unraveled a negative correlation between Zn and Hg in roots. Moreover, Hg concentration was effectively decreased by exogenous application of Zn in Hg-stressed rice plants. Our findings indicate an epigenetic basis of Hg resistance and reveal an antagonistic relationship between Hg and Zn, providing new hints towards Hg detoxification in plants. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: Mercury (Hg) as an important hazardous pollutant adversely impacts the environment and jeopardizes human health, due to its chronicity, transferability, persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity. In this paper, we identified 34 potential genes that may significantly contribute to Hg resistance in rice. We find the expression of Hg resistance-related genes was highly correlated with DNA hypomethylation in their putative promoter regions. Our results also revealed an antagonistic relationship between Hg and Zinc (Zn), providing new hints towards Hg detoxification in plants. Together, findings of this study extend our current understanding of Hg tolerance in rice and are informative to breed seed non-accumulating rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixuan Cong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yiling Miao
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yuxi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Wenhao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ying Kang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Bingqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jinbin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yinhe Lv
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jiamo Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Bao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Xiufang Ou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
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2
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Ye X, Gao Z, Xu K, Li B, Ren T, Li X, Cong R, Lu Z, Cakmak I, Lu J. Photosynthetic plasticity aggravates the susceptibility of magnesium-deficient leaf to high light in rapeseed plants: the importance of Rubisco and mesophyll conductance. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:483-497. [PMID: 37901950 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Plants grown under low magnesium (Mg) soils are highly susceptible to encountering light intensities that exceed the capacity of photosynthesis (A), leading to a depression of photosynthetic efficiency and eventually to photooxidation (i.e., leaf chlorosis). Yet, it remains unclear which processes play a key role in limiting the photosynthetic energy utilization of Mg-deficient leaves, and whether the plasticity of A in acclimation to irradiance could have cross-talk with Mg, hence accelerating or mitigating the photodamage. We investigated the light acclimation responses of rapeseed (Brassica napus) grown under low- and adequate-Mg conditions. Magnesium deficiency considerably decreased rapeseed growth and leaf A, to a greater extent under high than under low light, which is associated with higher level of superoxide anion radical and more severe leaf chlorosis. This difference was mainly attributable to a greater depression in dark reaction under high light, with a higher Rubisco fallover and a more limited mesophyll conductance to CO2 (gm ). Plants grown under high irradiance enhanced the content and activity of Rubisco and gm to optimally utilize more light energy absorbed. However, Mg deficiency could not fulfill the need to activate the higher level of Rubisco and Rubisco activase in leaves of high-light-grown plants, leading to lower Rubisco activation and carboxylation rate. Additionally, Mg-deficient leaves under high light invested more carbon per leaf area to construct a compact leaf structure with smaller intercellular airspaces, lower surface area of chloroplast exposed to intercellular airspaces, and CO2 diffusion conductance through cytosol. These caused a more severe decrease in within-leaf CO2 diffusion rate and substrate availability. Taken together, plant plasticity helps to improve photosynthetic energy utilization under high light but aggravates the photooxidative damage once the Mg nutrition becomes insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Ye
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ziyi Gao
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Binglin Li
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tao Ren
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Rihuan Cong
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhifeng Lu
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ismail Cakmak
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | - Jianwei Lu
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
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3
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Zhang Y, Ma Y, Zhang H, Xu J, Gao X, Zhang T, Liu X, Guo L, Zhao D. Environmental F actors coordinate circadian clock function and rhythm to regulate plant development. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2023; 18:2231202. [PMID: 37481743 PMCID: PMC10364662 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2023.2231202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the external environment necessitate plant growth plasticity, with environmental signals such as light, temperature, and humidity regulating growth and development. The plant circadian clock is a biological time keeper that can be "reset" to adjust internal time to changes in the external environment. Exploring the regulatory mechanisms behind plant acclimation to environmental factors is important for understanding how plant growth and development are shaped and for boosting agricultural production. In this review, we summarize recent insights into the coordinated regulation of plant growth and development by environmental signals and the circadian clock, further discussing the potential of this knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Hengshui University, Hengshui, Hebei, China
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yuru Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Hengshui University, Hengshui, Hebei, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Hengshui University, Hengshui, Hebei, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Hengshui University, Hengshui, Hebei, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaokuan Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Hengshui University, Hengshui, Hebei, China
| | - Tengteng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Hengshui University, Hengshui, Hebei, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xigang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lin Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Hengshui University, Hengshui, Hebei, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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4
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de Barros Dantas LL, Eldridge BM, Dorling J, Dekeya R, Lynch DA, Dodd AN. Circadian regulation of metabolism across photosynthetic organisms. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:650-668. [PMID: 37531328 PMCID: PMC10953457 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Circadian regulation produces a biological measure of time within cells. The daily cycle in the availability of light for photosynthesis causes dramatic changes in biochemical processes in photosynthetic organisms, with the circadian clock having crucial roles in adaptation to these fluctuating conditions. Correct alignment between the circadian clock and environmental day-night cycles maximizes plant productivity through its regulation of metabolism. Therefore, the processes that integrate circadian regulation with metabolism are key to understanding how the circadian clock contributes to plant productivity. This forms an important part of exploiting knowledge of circadian regulation to enhance sustainable crop production. Here, we examine the roles of circadian regulation in metabolic processes in source and sink organ structures of Arabidopsis. We also evaluate possible roles for circadian regulation in root exudation processes that deposit carbon into the soil, and the nature of the rhythmic interactions between plants and their associated microbial communities. Finally, we examine shared and differing aspects of the circadian regulation of metabolism between Arabidopsis and other model photosynthetic organisms, and between circadian control of metabolism in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic organisms. This synthesis identifies a variety of future research topics, including a focus on metabolic processes that underlie biotic interactions within ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bethany M. Eldridge
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Jack Dorling
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Richard Dekeya
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Deirdre A. Lynch
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Antony N. Dodd
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
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5
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Siqueira JA, Zsögön A, Fernie AR, Nunes-Nesi A, Araújo WL. Does day length matter for nutrient responsiveness? TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:1113-1123. [PMID: 37268488 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
For over 2500 years, considerable agronomic interest has been paid to soil fertility. Both crop domestication and the Green Revolution shifted photoperiodism and the circadian clock in cultivated species, although this contributed to an increase in the demand for chemical fertilisers. Thus, the uptake of nutrients depends on light signalling, whereas diel growth and circadian rhythms are affected by nutrient levels. Here, we argue that day length and circadian rhythms may be central regulators of the uptake and usage of nutrients, also modulating responses to toxic elements (e.g., aluminium and cadmium). Thus, we suggest that knowledge in this area might assist in developing next-generation crops with improved uptake and use efficiency of nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Antonio Siqueira
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Agustin Zsögön
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Wagner L Araújo
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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6
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Ma Q, Feng Y, Luo S, Cheng L, Tong W, Lu X, Li Y, Zhang P. The aquaporin MePIP2;7 improves MeMGT9-mediated Mg 2 + acquisition in cassava. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:2349-2367. [PMID: 37548108 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins are important transmembrane water transport proteins which transport water and several neutral molecules. However, how aquaporins are involved in the synergistic transport of Mg2+ and water remains poorly understood. Here, we found that the cassava aquaporin MePIP2;7 was involved in Mg2+ transport through interaction with MeMGT9, a lower affinity magnesium transporter protein. Knockdown of MePIP2;7 in cassava led to magnesium deficiency in basal mature leaves with chlorosis and necrotic spots on their edges and starch over-accumulation. Mg2+ content was significantly decreased in leaves and roots of MePIP2;7-RNA interference (PIP-Ri) plants grown in both field and Mg2+ -free hydroponic solution. Xenopus oocyte injection analysis verified that MePIP2;7 possessed the ability to transport water only and MeMGT9 was responsible for Mg2+ efflux. More importantly, MePIP2;7 improved the transportability of Mg2+ via MeMGT9 as verified using the CM66 mutant complementation assay and Xenopus oocytes expressing system. Yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, co-localization, and co-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated the direct protein-protein interaction between MePIP2;7 and MeMGT9 in vivo. Mg2+ flux was significantly elevated in MePIP2;7-overexpressing lines in hydroponic solution through non-invasive micro-test technique analysis. Under Mg2+ -free condition, the retarded growth of PIP-Ri transgenic plants could be recovered with Mg2+ supplementation. Taken together, our results demonstrated the synergistic effect of the MePIP2;7 and MeMGT9 interaction in regulating water and Mg2+ absorption and transport in cassava.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yancai Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shu Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Weijing Tong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xinlu Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Youzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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7
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Mohamadi SF, Babaeian Jelodar N, Bagheri N, Nematzadeh G, Hashemipetroudi SH. New insights into comprehensive analysis of magnesium transporter ( MGT) gene family in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). 3 Biotech 2023; 13:322. [PMID: 37649592 PMCID: PMC10462602 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03735-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium transporters (MGTs) regulate magnesium absorption, transport, and redistribution in higher plants. To investigate the role of the Oryza sativa MGTs gene family members under salt stress, this study analyzed the protein properties, gene structure, phylogenetic relationship, synteny patterns, expression, and co-expression networks of 23 non-redundant OsMGT. The evolutionary relationship of the OsMGT gene family was fully consistent with their functional domain, and were divided into three main classes based on the conserved domain: MMgT, CorA-like, and NIPA. The α/β patterns in the protein structures were highly similar in the CorA-like and NIPA members, with the conserved structures in the Mg2+-binding and catalytic regions. The CorA-like clade-related proteins demonstrated the highest numbers of protein channels with Pro, Ser, Lys, Gly, and Tyr, as the critical binding residues. The expression analysis of OsMGT genes in various tissues showed that MGTs' gene family may possess critical functions during rice development. Gene expression analysis of candidate OsMGT using reverse-transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) found that four OsMGT genes exhibited different expression patterns in salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant rice genotypes. We hypothesize that the OsMGT gene family members may be involved in responses to salt stress. These findings could be useful for further functional investigation of MGTs as well as defining their involvement in abiotic stress studies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03735-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyede Fateme Mohamadi
- Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Crop Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, Iran
| | - Nadali Babaeian Jelodar
- Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Crop Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, Iran
| | - Nadali Bagheri
- Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Crop Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, Iran
| | - Ghorbanali Nematzadeh
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biology, Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan (GABIT), Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, 4818166996 Iran
| | - Seyyed Hamidreza Hashemipetroudi
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biology, Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan (GABIT), Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, 4818166996 Iran
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8
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Sporre E, Karlsen J, Schriever K, Asplund-Samuelsson J, Janasch M, Strandberg L, Karlsson A, Kotol D, Zeckey L, Piazza I, Syrén PO, Edfors F, Hudson EP. Metabolite interactions in the bacterial Calvin cycle and implications for flux regulation. Commun Biol 2023; 6:947. [PMID: 37723200 PMCID: PMC10507043 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05318-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolite-level regulation of enzyme activity is important for microbes to cope with environmental shifts. Knowledge of such regulations can also guide strain engineering for biotechnology. Here we apply limited proteolysis-small molecule mapping (LiP-SMap) to identify and compare metabolite-protein interactions in the proteomes of two cyanobacteria and two lithoautotrophic bacteria that fix CO2 using the Calvin cycle. Clustering analysis of the hundreds of detected interactions shows that some metabolites interact in a species-specific manner. We estimate that approximately 35% of interacting metabolites affect enzyme activity in vitro, and the effect is often minor. Using LiP-SMap data as a guide, we find that the Calvin cycle intermediate glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate enhances activity of fructose-1,6/sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (F/SBPase) from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and Cupriavidus necator in reducing conditions, suggesting a convergent feed-forward activation of the cycle. In oxidizing conditions, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate inhibits Synechocystis F/SBPase by promoting enzyme aggregation. In contrast, the glycolytic intermediate glucose-6-phosphate activates F/SBPase from Cupriavidus necator but not F/SBPase from Synechocystis. Thus, metabolite-level regulation of the Calvin cycle is more prevalent than previously appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Sporre
- Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Karlsen
- Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karen Schriever
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johannes Asplund-Samuelsson
- Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus Janasch
- Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, 7465, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Linnéa Strandberg
- Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Karlsson
- Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Kotol
- Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luise Zeckey
- Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ilaria Piazza
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Per-Olof Syrén
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Edfors
- Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elton P Hudson
- Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
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9
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Qian C, Wu J, Wang H, Yang D, Cui J. Metabolomic profiles reveals the dose-dependent effects of rice grain yield and nutritional quality upon exposure zero-valent iron nanoparticles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163089. [PMID: 37001268 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) were widely used material in environmental remediation, which has attracted increasing concern for their safety. Previous studies have shown that the addition of nZVI could inhibit rice seedling growth. However, the effect of nZVI on the soil-rice system during the entire life cycle was not reported. Furthermore, the effect of nZVI on the quality of rice grain has also not been studied. Therefore, we investigated the effects of rice grain yield and nutritional quality upon exposure nZVI. The results showed that the soil pH value, redox potential and Fe (II) content in the nZVI-treated group were decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, 2500 mg/kg nZVI significantly decreased the relative abundance of several functional microbial communities (10.52-73.53 %) associated with carbon and nitrogen cycles in response to plants compared to the control. Meanwhile, the nZVI treatment clearly reduced grain yield (8.71-18.21 %). Furthermore, the content of protein (51.72-57.79 %) and several essential nutrients (Zn, Cu, Mn and Mo) in the nZVI-treated grains was also decreased in a dose-dependent manner. The results of grain metabolomics indicated that nZVI could interfere with the relative expression of lysine and glutathione by regulating the metabolic pathways of antioxidant and protein synthesis in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cancan Qian
- College of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jian Wu
- College of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Haodong Wang
- College of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Desong Yang
- College of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China.
| | - Jianghu Cui
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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10
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Buckley CR, Li X, Martí MC, Haydon MJ. A bittersweet symphony: Metabolic signals in the circadian system. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 73:102333. [PMID: 36640635 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plants must match their metabolism to daily and seasonal fluctuations in their environment to maximise performance in natural conditions. Circadian clocks enable organisms to anticipate and adapt to these predictable and unpredictable environmental challenges. Metabolism is increasingly recognised as an integrated feature of the plant circadian system. Metabolism is an important circadian-regulated output but also provides input to this dynamic timekeeping mechanism. The spatial organisation of metabolism within cells and between tissues, and the temporal features of metabolism across days, seasons and development, raise interesting questions about how metabolism influences circadian timekeeping. The various mechanisms by which metabolic signals influence the transcription-translation feedback loops of the circadian oscillator are emerging. These include roles for major metabolic signalling pathways, various retrograde signals, and direct metabolic modifications of clock genes or proteins. Such metabolic feedback loops enable intra- and intercellular coordination of rhythmic metabolism, and recent discoveries indicate these contribute to diverse aspects of daily, developmental and seasonal timekeeping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiang Li
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - María Carmen Martí
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, Centre of Edaphology and Applied Biology of Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), 30110 Murcia, Spain
| | - Michael J Haydon
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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11
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Meng X, Bai S, Wang S, Pan Y, Chen K, Xie K, Wang M, Guo S. The sensitivity of photosynthesis to magnesium deficiency differs between rice ( Oryza sativa L.) and cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1164866. [PMID: 37123833 PMCID: PMC10141327 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1164866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium is an essential macronutrient for plant photosynthesis, and in response to Mg deficiency, dicots appear more sensitive than monocots. Under Mg deficiency, we investigated the causes of differing photosynthetic sensitivities in a dicot and a monocot species. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) were grown in hydroponic culture to explore their physiological responses to Mg deficiency stress. Both Mg-deficient rice and cucumber plants exhibited lower biomass, leaf area, Mg concentration, and chlorophyll content (Chl) compared with Mg-sufficient plants. However, a more marked decline in Chl and carotenoid content (Car) occurred in cucumber. A lower CO2 concentration in chloroplasts (C c) was accompanied by a decrease in the maximum rate of electron transport (J max) and the maximum rate of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylation (V cmax), restricting CO2 utilization in Mg-deficient plants. Rice and cucumber photorespiration rate (P r) increased under Mg deficiency. Additionally, for cucumber, Car and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were reduced under lower Mg supply. Meanwhile, cucumber Mg deficiency significantly increased the fraction of absorbed light energy dissipated by an additional quenching mechanism (Φf,D). Under Mg deficiency, suppressed photosynthesis was attributed to comprehensive restrictions of mesophyll conductance (g m), J max, and V cmax. Cucumber was more sensitive to Mg deficiency than rice due to lower NPQ, higher rates of electron transport to alternative pathways, and subsequently, photooxidation damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Meng
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Bai
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yonghui Pan
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kehao Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kailiu Xie
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- School of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiwei Guo
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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12
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Zhi S, Zou W, Li J, Meng L, Liu J, Chen J, Ye G. Mapping QTLs and gene validation studies for Mg 2+ uptake and translocation using a MAGIC population in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1131064. [PMID: 36909447 PMCID: PMC9996051 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1131064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is an essential element for plant growth and development. Rice is an important food crop in the world, but there are few studies on the uptake and translocation of Mg2+ in rice. We used a multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population constructed using four parental lines and genotyped by a 55 K rice SNP array for association analysis to locate QTLs related to Mg2+ uptake and translocation in rice at the seedling stage. Four QTLs (qRMg1, qRMg2, qRMg7 and qRMg8) were detected for the root Mg2+ concentration, which explained 11.45-13.08% of the phenotypic variation. The Mg2+ transporter gene, OsMGT1, was within the region of qRMg1. Three QTLs (qSMg3, qSMg7 and qSMg10) were detected for the shoot Mg2+ concentration, which explained 4.30-5.46% of the phenotypic variation. Two QTLs (qTrMg3 and qTrMg8) were found to affect the translocation of Mg2+ from the roots to the shoots, and explained 10.91% and 9.63% of phenotypic variation. qSMg3 and qTrMg3 might be the same, since they are very close to each other on chromosome 3. Analysis of candidate genes in the region of qSMg3 and qTrMg3 through qRT-PCR, complementation assay in the yeast Mg2+ transport-defective mutant CM66, and sequence analysis of the parental lines suggested that LOC_Os03g04360 may play important roles in Mg2+ uptake, translocation and accumulation in rice. Overexpression of LOC_Os03g04360 can significantly increase the Mg2+ concentration in rice seedlings, especially under the condition of low Mg2+ supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhi
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenli Zou
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinyan Li
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijun Meng
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Jindong Liu
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingguang Chen
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoyou Ye
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Rice Breeding Innovations Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines
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13
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Yan J, Ye X, Song Y, Ren T, Wang C, Li X, Cong R, Lu Z, Lu J. Sufficient potassium improves inorganic phosphate-limited photosynthesis in Brassica napus by enhancing metabolic phosphorus fractions and Rubisco activity. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:416-429. [PMID: 36479950 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Crop photosynthesis (A) and productivity are often limited by a combination of nutrient stresses, such that changes in the availability of one nutrient may affect the availability of another nutrient, in turn influencing A. In this study, we examined the synergistic effects of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) on leaf A in a nutrient amendment experiment, in which P and K were added individually or in combination to Brassica napus grown under P and K co-limitation. The data revealed that the addition of P gradually removed the dominant limiting factor (i.e. the limited availability of P) and improved leaf A. Strikingly, the addition of K synergistically improved the overall uptake of P, mainly by boosting plant growth, and compensated for the physiological demand for P by prioritizing investment in metabolic pools of P (P-containing metabolites and inorganic phosphate, Pi). The enlarged pool of metabolically active P was partially associated with the upregulation of Pi regeneration through release from triose phosphates rather than replacement of P-containing lipids. This process mitigated P restrictions on A by maintaining the ATP/NADPH and NADPH/NADP+ ratios and increasing the content and activity of Rubisco. Our findings demonstrate that sufficient K increased Pi-limited A by enhancing metabolic P fractions and Rubisco activity. Thus, ionic synergism may be exploited to mitigate nutrient-limiting factors to improve crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyao Yan
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaolei Ye
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi Song
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tao Ren
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chongming Wang
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Rihuan Cong
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhifeng Lu
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jianwei Lu
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
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14
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Effects of magnesium application on the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in tomato. Symbiosis 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-022-00862-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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15
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Li X, Buckley CR, Haydon MJ. Rhythms of chloroplast magnesium import contribute to daily metabolic feedback. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:1659-1661. [PMID: 36221856 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | | | - Michael J Haydon
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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16
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Zhang Z, Yuan L, Ma Y, Kang Z, Zhou F, Gao Y, Yang S, Li T, Hu X. Exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid alleviates low-temperature damage by modulating the xanthophyll cycle and nutrient uptake in tomato seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 189:83-93. [PMID: 36058015 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), an antioxidant existing in plants, has been widely reported to participate in the process of coping with cold stress of plants. In this study, exogenous ALA promoted the growth of tomato plants and alleviated the appearance of purple tomato leaves under low-temperature stress. At the same time, exogenous ALA improved antioxidant enzyme activities, SlSOD gene expression, Fv/Fm, and proline contents and reduced H2O2 contents, SlRBOH gene expression, relative electrical conductivity, and malondialdehyde contents to alleviate the damage caused by low temperature to tomato seedlings. Compared with low-temperature stress, spraying exogenous ALA before low-temperature stress could restore the indicators of photochemical quenching, actual photochemical efficiency, electron transport rate, and nonphotochemical quenching to normal. Exogenous ALA could increase the total contents of the xanthophyll cycle pool, the positive de-epoxidation rate of the xanthophyll cycle and improved the expression levels of key genes in the xanthophyll cycle under low-temperature stress. In addition, we found that exogenous ALA significantly enhanced the absorption of mineral nutrients, promoted the transfer and distribution of mineral nutrients to the leaves, and improved the expression levels of mineral nutrient absorption-related genes, which were all conducive to the improved adaptation of tomato seedlings under low-temperature stress. In summary, the application of exogenous ALA can increase tomato seedlings' tolerance to low-temperature stress by improving the xanthophyll cycle and the ability of the absorption of mineral nutrients in tomato seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengda Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Luqiao Yuan
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yongbo Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhen Kang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yi Gao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shichun Yang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Tianlai Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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17
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Chen CQ, Tian XY, Li J, Bai S, Zhang ZY, Li Y, Cao HR, Chen ZC. Two central circadian oscillators OsPRR59 and OsPRR95 modulate magnesium homeostasis and carbon fixation in rice. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:1602-1614. [PMID: 36114668 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis, which provides oxygen and energy for all living organisms, is circadian regulated. Photosynthesis-associated metabolism must tightly coordinate with the circadian clock to maximize the efficiency of the light-energy capture and carbon fixation. However, the molecular basis for the interplay of photosynthesis and the circadian clock is not fully understood, particularly in crop plants. Here, we report two central oscillator genes of circadian clock, OsPRR95 and OsPRR59 in rice, which function as transcriptional repressors to negatively regulate the rhythmic expression of OsMGT3 encoding a chloroplast-localized Mg2+ transporter. OsMGT3-dependent rhythmic Mg fluctuations modulate carbon fixation and consequent sugar output in rice chloroplasts. Furthermore, sugar triggers the increase of superoxide, which may act as a feedback signal to positively regulate the expression of OsPRR95 and OsPRR59. Taken together, our results reveal a negative-feedback loop that strengthens the crosstalk between photosynthetic carbon fixation and the circadian clock, which may improve plan adaptation and performance in fluctuating environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Qu Chen
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xin-Yue Tian
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256603, China
| | - Shuang Bai
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhuo-Yan Zhang
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hong-Rui Cao
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhi-Chang Chen
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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18
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Zhang B, Zhang C, Tang R, Zheng X, Zhao F, Fu A, Lan W, Luan S. Two magnesium transporters in the chloroplast inner envelope essential for thylakoid biogenesis in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:464-478. [PMID: 35776059 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg2+ ) serves as a cofactor for a number of photosynthetic enzymes in the chloroplast, and is the central atom of the Chl molecule. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of Mg2+ transport across the chloroplast envelope. Here, we report the functional characterization of two transport proteins in Arabidopsis: Magnesium Release 8 (MGR8) and MGR9, of the ACDP/CNNM family, which is evolutionarily conserved across all lineages of living organisms. Both MGR8 and MGR9 genes were expressed ubiquitously, and their encoded proteins were localized in the inner envelope of chloroplasts. Mutations of MGR8 and MGR9 together, but neither of them alone, resulted in albino ovules and chlorotic seedlings. Further analysis revealed severe defects in thylakoid biogenesis and assembly of photosynthetic complexes in the double mutant. Both MGR8 and MGR9 functionally complemented the growth of the Salmonella typhimurium mutant strain MM281, which lacks Mg2+ uptake capacity. The embryonic and early seedling defects of the mgr8/mgr9 double mutant were rescued by the expression of MGR9 under the embryo-specific ABI3 promoter. The partially rescued mutant plants were hypersensitive to Mg2+ deficient conditions and contained less Mg2+ in their chloroplasts than wild-type plants. Taken together, we conclude that MGR8 and MGR9 serve as Mg2+ transporters and are responsible for chloroplast Mg2+ uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Institute of Future Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Renjie Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Xiaojiang Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Fugeng Zhao
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Aigen Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Wenzhi Lan
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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19
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Tang RJ, Yang Y, Yan YW, Mao DD, Yuan HM, Wang C, Zhao FG, Luan S. Two transporters mobilize magnesium from vacuolar stores to enable plant acclimation to magnesium deficiency. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1307-1320. [PMID: 35809075 PMCID: PMC9516776 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is an essential metal for chlorophyll biosynthesis and other metabolic processes in plant cells. Mg is largely stored in the vacuole of various cell types and remobilized to meet cytoplasmic demand. However, the transport proteins responsible for mobilizing vacuolar Mg2+ remain unknown. Here, we identified two Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Mg2+ transporters (MAGNESIUM TRANSPORTER 1 and 2; MGT1 and MGT2) that facilitate Mg2+ mobilization from the vacuole, especially when external Mg supply is limited. In addition to a high degree of sequence similarity, MGT1 and MGT2 exhibited overlapping expression patterns in Arabidopsis tissues, implying functional redundancy. Indeed, the mgt1 mgt2 double mutant, but not mgt1 and mgt2 single mutants, showed exaggerated growth defects as compared to the wild type under low-Mg conditions, in accord with higher expression levels of Mg-starvation gene markers in the double mutant. However, overall Mg level was also higher in mgt1 mgt2, suggesting a defect in Mg2+ remobilization in response to Mg deficiency. Consistently, MGT1 and MGT2 localized to the tonoplast and rescued the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mnr2Δ (manganese resistance 2) mutant strain lacking the vacuolar Mg2+ efflux transporter. In addition, disruption of MGT1 and MGT2 suppressed high-Mg sensitivity of calcineurin B-like 2 and 3 (cbl2 cbl3), a mutant defective in vacuolar Mg2+ sequestration, suggesting that vacuolar Mg2+ influx and efflux processes are antagonistic in a physiological context. We further crossed mgt1 mgt2 with mgt6, which lacks a plasma membrane MGT member involved in Mg2+ uptake, and found that the triple mutant was more sensitive to low-Mg conditions than either mgt1 mgt2 or mgt6. Hence, Mg2+ uptake (via MGT6) and vacuolar remobilization (through MGT1 and MGT2) work synergistically to achieve Mg2+ homeostasis in plants, especially under low-Mg supply in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Jie Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yu-Wei Yan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Dan-Dan Mao
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Hong-Mei Yuan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Fu-Geng Zhao
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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20
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Bouain N, Cho H, Sandhu J, Tuiwong P, Prom-U-Thai C, Zheng L, Shahzad Z, Rouached H. Plant growth stimulation by high CO 2 depends on phosphorus homeostasis in chloroplasts. Curr Biol 2022; 32:4493-4500.e4. [PMID: 36075219 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Elevated atmospheric CO2 enhances photosynthetic rate,1 thereby increasing biomass production in plants. Nevertheless, high CO2 reduces the accumulation of essential nutrients2 such as phosphorus (P),3 which are required for photosynthetic processes and plant growth. How plants ensure enhanced growth despite meager P status remains enigmatic. In this study, we utilize genome-wide association analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana to identify a P transporter, PHT4;3, which mediates the reduction of P in chloroplasts at high CO2. Decreasing chloroplastic P fine-tunes the accumulation of a sugar-P metabolite, phytic acid, to support plant growth. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this adaptive mechanism is conserved in rice. Our results establish a mechanistic framework for sustainable food production against the backdrop of soaring CO2 levels across the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bouain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - Huikyong Cho
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jaspreet Sandhu
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Patcharin Tuiwong
- Lanna Rice Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Luqing Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Zaigham Shahzad
- Department of Life Sciences, SBASSE, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Hatem Rouached
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA.
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21
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Cao HR, Peng WT, Nie MM, Bai S, Chen CQ, Liu Q, Guo ZL, Liao H, Chen ZC. Carbon-nitrogen trading in symbiotic nodules depends on magnesium import. Curr Biol 2022; 32:4337-4349.e5. [PMID: 36055239 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation provides large amounts of nitrogen for global agricultural systems with little environmental or economic costs. The basis of symbiosis is the nutrient exchange occurring between legumes and rhizobia, but key regulators controlling nutrient exchange are largely unknown. Here, we reveal that magnesium (Mg), an important nutrient factor that preferentially accumulates in inner cortical cells of soybean nodules, shows the most positive correlation with nodule carbon (C) import and nitrogen (N) export. We further identified a pair of Mg transporter genes, GmMGT4 and GmMGT5, that are specifically expressed in the nodule cortex, modulating both nodule Mg import and C-N transport processes. The GmMGT4&5-dependent Mg import activates the activity of a plasmodesmata-located β-1,3-glucanase GmBG2 and consequently keeps plasmodesmata permeable for C-N transport in nodule inner cortical cells. Our studies discovered an important regulating pathway for host plants fine-tuning nodule C-N trading to achieve optimal growth, which may be helpful for optimizing nutrient management for soybean production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Rui Cao
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wen-Ting Peng
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Miao-Miao Nie
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shuang Bai
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chun-Qu Chen
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zi-Long Guo
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hong Liao
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhi-Chang Chen
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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22
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Kan B, Yang Y, Du P, Li X, Lai W, Hu H. Chlorophyll decomposition is accelerated in banana leaves after the long-term magnesium deficiency according to transcriptome analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270610. [PMID: 35749543 PMCID: PMC9231763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development. Physiological and transcriptome analyses were conducted to elucidate the adaptive mechanisms to long-term Mg deficiency (MD) in banana seedlings at the 6-leaf stage. Banana seedlings were irrigated with a Mg-free nutrient solution for 42 days, and a mock control was treated with an optimum Mg supply. Leaf edge chlorosis was observed on the 9th leaf, which gradually turned yellow from the edge to the interior region. Accordingly, the total chlorophyll content was reduced by 47.1%, 47.4%, and 53.8% in the interior, center and edge regions, respectively, and the net photosynthetic rate was significantly decreased in the 9th leaf. Transcriptome analysis revealed that MD induced 9,314, 7,425 and 5,716 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the interior, center and edge regions, respectively. Of these, the chlorophyll metabolism pathway was preferentially enriched according to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. The expression levels of the five candidate genes in leaves were consistent with what is expected during chlorophyll metabolism. Our results suggest that changes in the expression of genes related to chlorophyll synthesis and decomposition result in the yellowing of banana seedling leaves, and these results are helpful for understanding the banana response mechanism to long-term MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolin Kan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, HaiKou, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, HaiKou, China
| | - Pengmeng Du
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, HaiKou, China
| | - Xinping Li
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, HaiKou, China
| | - Wenjie Lai
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, HaiKou, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, HaiKou, China
- * E-mail:
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23
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Long SP, Taylor SH, Burgess SJ, Carmo-Silva E, Lawson T, De Souza AP, Leonelli L, Wang Y. Into the Shadows and Back into Sunlight: Photosynthesis in Fluctuating Light. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 73:617-648. [PMID: 35595290 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-070221-024745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is an important remaining opportunity for further improvement in the genetic yield potential of our major crops. Measurement, analysis, and improvement of leaf CO2 assimilation (A) have focused largely on photosynthetic rates under light-saturated steady-state conditions. However, in modern crop canopies of several leaf layers, light is rarely constant, and the majority of leaves experience marked light fluctuations throughout the day. It takes several minutes for photosynthesis to regain efficiency in both sun-shade and shade-sun transitions, costing a calculated 10-40% of potential crop CO2 assimilation. Transgenic manipulations to accelerate the adjustment in sun-shade transitions have already shown a substantial productivity increase in field trials. Here, we explore means to further accelerate these adjustments and minimize these losses through transgenic manipulation, gene editing, and exploitation of natural variation. Measurement andanalysis of photosynthesis in sun-shade and shade-sun transitions are explained. Factors limiting speeds of adjustment and how they could be modified to effect improved efficiency are reviewed, specifically nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ), Rubisco activation, and stomatal responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Long
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA;
- Departments of Plant Biology and Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel H Taylor
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Steven J Burgess
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA;
| | | | - Tracy Lawson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda P De Souza
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA;
| | - Lauriebeth Leonelli
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA;
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA;
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24
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Ishfaq M, Wang Y, Yan M, Wang Z, Wu L, Li C, Li X. Physiological Essence of Magnesium in Plants and Its Widespread Deficiency in the Farming System of China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:802274. [PMID: 35548291 PMCID: PMC9085447 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.802274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is an essential nutrient for a wide array of fundamental physiological and biochemical processes in plants. It largely involves chlorophyll synthesis, production, transportation, and utilization of photoassimilates, enzyme activation, and protein synthesis. As a multifaceted result of the introduction of high-yielding fertilizer-responsive cultivars, intensive cropping without replenishment of Mg, soil acidification, and exchangeable Mg (Ex-Mg) leaching, Mg has become a limiting nutrient for optimum crop production. However, little literature is available to better understand distinct responses of plants to Mg deficiency, the geographical distribution of soil Ex-Mg, and the degree of Mg deficiency. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge of key plant responses to Mg availability and, as far as possible, highlight spatial Mg distribution and the magnitude of Mg deficiency in different cultivated regions of the world with a special focus on China. In particular, ~55% of arable lands in China are revealed Mg-deficient (< 120 mg kg-1 soil Ex-Mg), and Mg deficiency literally becomes increasingly severe from northern (227-488 mg kg-1) to southern (32-89 mg kg-1) China. Mg deficiency primarily traced back to higher depletion of soil Ex-Mg by fruits, vegetables, sugarcane, tubers, tea, and tobacco cultivated in tropical and subtropical climate zones. Further, each unit decline in soil pH from neutral reduced ~2-fold soil Ex-Mg. This article underscores the physiological importance of Mg, potential risks associated with Mg deficiency, and accordingly, to optimize fertilization strategies for higher crop productivity and better quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ishfaq
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Minwen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Liangquan Wu
- International Magnesium Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chunjian Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- International Magnesium Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuexian Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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25
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Xu H, Luo Z, Hu W, Jia Y, Wang Y, Ye X, Li Y, Chen LS, Guo J. Magnesium absorption, translocation, subcellular distribution and chemical forms in citrus seedlings. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:862-876. [PMID: 34791459 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development; however, the adaptive mechanisms of Mg deficiency to underlying changes in Mg translocation, subcellular distribution and chemical forms in citrus plants are unknown. In this study, we conducted a sand culture experiment with 0 (Mg-deficiency) or 2 (Mg-sufficiency) mmol l-1 Mg2+ treatments to investigate the responses underlying Mg adaptability, as well as the resulting growth and Mg transport features in citrus seedlings [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. 'Xuegan']. We found that Mg-deficiency significantly depressed biomass by 39% in the whole plant and by 66% in branch organs compared with Mg-sufficient conditions, which further resulted in a subsequent decrease in Mg concentration and accumulation with changes in its distribution in different organs and a reduction in root growth. Under Mg-sufficiency, >50% of Mg was sequestered in the soluble fraction and this was reduced by 30% under Mg-deficiency. Furthermore, >70% of Mg existed as inorganic (42%) and water-soluble (31%) forms with high mobility across treatments and organs. Under Mg-deficiency, the proportion of water-soluble Mg was reduced in leaf and increased in root, whereas the proportion of inorganic Mg increased in main stem leaves and decreased in branch leaves and root. However, under Mg-deficiency, the proportion of Mg forms with low mobility, including pectates and proteins, phosphates, oxalates and residues, was increased in leaf and root organs, with the exception of pectate and protein Mg, which was decreased in root. The Mg transfer factor showed that Mg-deficiency improved Mg transport from parent to branch organs, which was related to Mg subcellular distribution and chemical forms. Taken together, our study establishes a defined process to clarify the mechanisms of Mg absorption and translocation and reveals a possible strategy to effectively improve Mg mobility and availability in citrus plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ziwei Luo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Magnesium Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenlang Hu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yamin Jia
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, No. 100 Daxuedong Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yuwen Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Magnesium Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yan Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Li-Song Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiuxin Guo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Magnesium Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
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26
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Buoso S, Musetti R, Marroni F, Calderan A, Schmidt W, Santi S. Infection by phloem-limited phytoplasma affects mineral nutrient homeostasis in tomato leaf tissues. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 271:153659. [PMID: 35299031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytoplasmas are sieve-elements restricted wall-less, pleomorphic pathogenic microorganisms causing devastating damage to over 700 plant species worldwide. The invasion of sieve elements by phytoplasmas has several consequences on nutrient transport and metabolism, anyway studies about changes of the mineral-nutrient profile following phytoplasma infections are scarce and offer contrasting results. Here, we examined changes in macro- and micronutrient concentration in tomato plant upon 'Candidatus Phytoplasma solani' infection. To investigate possible effects of 'Ca. P. solani' infection on mineral element allocation, the mineral elements were separately analysed in leaf midrib, leaf lamina and root. Moreover, we focused our analysis on the transcriptional regulation of genes encoding trans-membrane transporters of mineral nutrients. To this aim, a manually curated inventory of differentially expressed genes encoding transporters in tomato leaf midribs was mined from the transcriptional profile of healthy and infected tomato leaf midribs. Results highlighted changes in ion homeostasis in the host plant, and significant modulations at transcriptional level of genes encoding ion transporters and channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Buoso
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Via delle Scienze 206, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Rita Musetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Via delle Scienze 206, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Fabio Marroni
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Via delle Scienze 206, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Alberto Calderan
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Via delle Scienze 206, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy; Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri, 5, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan; Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, 40227, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Simonetta Santi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Via delle Scienze 206, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy.
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27
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Xu X, Yuan L, Yang X, Zhang X, Wang L, Xie Q. Circadian clock in plants: Linking timing to fitness. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:792-811. [PMID: 35088570 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous circadian clock integrates cyclic signals of environment and daily and seasonal behaviors of organisms to achieve spatiotemporal synchronization, which greatly improves genetic diversity and fitness of species. This review addresses recent studies on the plant circadian system in the field of chronobiology, covering topics on molecular mechanisms, internal and external Zeitgebers, and hierarchical regulation of physiological outputs. The architecture of the circadian clock involves the autoregulatory transcriptional feedback loops, post-translational modifications of core oscillators, and epigenetic modifications of DNA and histones. Here, light, temperature, humidity, and internal elemental nutrients are summarized to illustrate the sensitivity of the circadian clock to timing cues. In addition, the circadian clock runs cell-autonomously, driving independent circadian rhythms in various tissues. The core oscillators responds to each other with biochemical factors including calcium ions, mineral nutrients, photosynthetic products, and hormones. We describe clock components sequentially expressed during a 24-h day that regulate rhythmic growth, aging, immune response, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Notably, more data have suggested the circadian clock links chrono-culture to key agronomic traits in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Li Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Qiguang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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28
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Xu X, Yuan L, Xie Q. The circadian clock ticks in plant stress responses. STRESS BIOLOGY 2022; 2:15. [PMID: 37676516 PMCID: PMC10441891 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock, a time-keeping mechanism, drives nearly 24-h self-sustaining rhythms at the physiological, cellular, and molecular levels, keeping them synchronized with the cyclic changes of environmental signals. The plant clock is sensitive to external and internal stress signals that act as timing cues to influence the circadian rhythms through input pathways of the circadian clock system. In order to cope with environmental stresses, many core oscillators are involved in defense while maintaining daily growth in various ways. Recent studies have shown that a hierarchical multi-oscillator network orchestrates the defense through rhythmic accumulation of gene transcripts, alternative splicing of mRNA precursors, modification and turnover of proteins, subcellular localization, stimuli-induced phase separation, and long-distance transport of proteins. This review summarizes the essential role of circadian core oscillators in response to stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana and crops, including daily and seasonal abiotic stresses (low or high temperature, drought, high salinity, and nutrition deficiency) and biotic stresses (pathogens and herbivorous insects). By integrating time-keeping mechanisms, circadian rhythms and stress resistance, we provide a temporal perspective for scientists to better understand plant environmental adaptation and breed high-quality crop germplasm for agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Li Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Qiguang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
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29
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Zhao L, Chen S, Tan X, Yan X, Zhang W, Huang Y, Ji R, White JC. Environmental implications of MoS 2 nanosheets on rice and associated soil microbial communities. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:133004. [PMID: 34826440 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is a transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) material that is seeing rapidly increasing use. The wide range of applications will result in significant environmental release. Here, the impact of MoS2 nanosheets on rice and associated soil microbial communities was evaluated. Rice plants were grown for 4 weeks in a natural paddy soil amended with either 1T or 2H phase MoS2 nanosheets at 10 and 100 mg kg-1. The 1T MoS2 nanosheets have a significantly greater dissolution rate (58.9%) compared to 2H MoS2 (4.4%), indicating the instability of 1T MoS2 in environment. High dissolution rate resulted in a high Mo bioaccumulation in rice leaves (272 and 189 mg kg-1 under 1T and 2H exposure at 100 mg kg-1). However, this did not induce overt phytotoxicity, as indicated by a range of phenotypic or biochemical based determine endpoints, e.g., biomass, photosynthetic pigments, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Additionally, rice P uptake was significantly increased upon exposure to 1T and 2H MoS2 (10 mg kg-1). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) reveals that both phases of MoS2 in soil systematically enhanced the carbon and nitrogen related metabolic pathways in exposed plants. Soil 16S rRNA gene sequencing data show that soil microbial community structure was unchanged upon MoS2 exposure. However, both phases of MoS2 remarkably increased the relative abundance of N2-fixation cyanobacteria, and 2H MoS2 exposure increased a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria-Bacillus. Overall, our results suggest that MoS2 nanosheets at tested doses did not exert negative impacts on rice plant and the associated soil microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Si Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xianjun Tan
- Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuxiong Huang
- Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), New Haven, CT, 06504, United States
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Tang RJ, Meng SF, Zheng XJ, Zhang B, Yang Y, Wang C, Fu AG, Zhao FG, Lan WZ, Luan S. Conserved mechanism for vacuolar magnesium sequestration in yeast and plant cells. NATURE PLANTS 2022; 8:181-190. [PMID: 35087208 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-01087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg2+) is an essential nutrient for all life forms. In fungal and plant cells, the majority of Mg2+ is stored in the vacuole but mechanisms for Mg2+ transport into the vacuolar store are not fully understood. Here we demonstrate that members of ancient conserved domain proteins (ACDPs) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana function in vacuolar Mg2+ sequestration that enables plant and yeast cells to cope with high levels of external Mg2+. We show that the yeast genome (as well as other fungal genomes) harbour a single ACDP homologue, referred to as MAM3, that functions specifically in vacuolar Mg2+ accumulation and is essential for tolerance to high Mg. In parallel, vacuolar ACDP homologues were identified from Arabidopsis and shown to complement the yeast mutant mam3Δ. An Arabidopsis mutant lacking one of the vacuolar ACDP homologues displayed hypersensitivity to high-Mg conditions and accumulated less Mg in the vacuole compared with the wild type. Taken together, our results suggest that conserved transporters mediate vacuolar Mg2+ sequestration in fungal and plant cells to maintain cellular Mg2+ homeostasis in response to fluctuating Mg2+ levels in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Jie Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Su-Fang Meng
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Zheng
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ai-Gen Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fu-Geng Zhao
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Lan
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Zheng C, Xu X, Zhang L, Lu D. Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Phenomenon on Protein Sorting Within Chloroplasts. Front Physiol 2022; 12:801212. [PMID: 35002776 PMCID: PMC8740050 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.801212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In higher plants, chloroplasts are vital organelles possessing highly complex compartmentalization. As most chloroplast-located proteins are encoded in the nucleus and synthesized in the cytosol, the correct sorting of these proteins to appropriate compartments is critical for the proper functions of chloroplasts as well as plant survival. Nuclear-encoded chloroplast proteins are imported into stroma and further sorted to distinct compartments via different pathways. The proteins predicted to be sorted to the thylakoid lumen by the chloroplast twin arginine transport (cpTAT) pathway are shown to be facilitated by STT1/2 driven liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Liquid-liquid phase separation is a novel mechanism to facilitate the formation of membrane-less sub-cellular compartments and accelerate biochemical reactions temporally and spatially. In this review, we introduce the sorting mechanisms within chloroplasts, and briefly summarize the properties and significance of LLPS, with an emphasis on the novel function of LLPS in the sorting of cpTAT substrate proteins. We conclude with perspectives for the future research on chloroplast protein sorting and targeting mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canhui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiumei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Dandan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Ran X, Wang X, Huang X, Ma C, Liang H, Liu B. Study on the Relationship of Ions (Na, K, Ca) Absorption and Distribution to Photosynthetic Response of Salix matsudana Koidz Under Salt Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:860111. [PMID: 35592567 PMCID: PMC9111522 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.860111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To identify the key indicators for salt tolerance evaluation of Salix matsudana Koidz, we explored the relationship of ion absorption and distribution with chlorophyll, fluorescence parameters (leaf performance index, maximum photochemical efficiency), and photosynthetic gas parameters (net photosynthetic rate, transpiration, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration) under salt stress. We established 4 treatment groups and one control group based on salinity levels of NaCl hydroponic solutions (171, 342, 513, and 684 mm). The Na+/K+, Na+/Ca2+, chlorophyll fluorescence, and photosynthetic parameters of leaves were measured on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 8th, 11th, and 15th days to analyze the correlations of chlorophyll, chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic parameters to the ion distribution ratio. The results showed that (1) The ratio of the dry weight of roots to leaves gradually increased with increasing salt concentration, whereas the water content of leaves and roots first increased and then decreased with increasing time. (2) The content of Na+, Na+/K+, and Na+/Ca2+ in roots and leaves increased with increasing salt stress concentration and treatment time, and the difference gradually narrowed. (3) Ca2+ was lost more than K+ under salt stress, and Na+/Ca2+ was more sensitive to the salt stress environment than Na+/K+. (4) Because the root system had a retention effect, both Na+/K+ and Na+/Ca2+ in roots under different NaCl concentrations and different treatment times were higher than those in leaves, and Na+/Ca2+ was much higher than Na+/K+ in roots. (5) Na+/K+ had a higher correlation with fluorescence parameters than Na+/Ca2+. Among them, Na+/K+ had a significantly negative correlation with the maximum photochemical efficiency, and the correlation coefficient R 2 was 0.8576. (6) Photosynthetic gas parameters had a higher correlation with Na+/Ca2+ than with Na+/K+. Among them, significantly negative correlations were noted between Na+/Ca2+ and Gs as well as between Na+/Ca2+ and E under salt stress. The correlation between Na+/Ca2+ and Gs was the highest with a correlation coefficient of 0.9368. (7) Na+/K+ and Na+/Ca2+ had no significant correlation with chlorophylls. Na+/Ca2+ was selected as a key index to evaluate the salt tolerance of S. matsudana Koidz, and the results provided a reference for analyzing the relationship between ion transport and distribution for photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ran
- Department of Forest Cultivation, College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Forest Cultivation, College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoxi Huang
- Department of Forest Cultivation, College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Changming Ma
- Department of Forest Cultivation, College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Haiyong Liang
- Department of Forest Cultivation, College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Bingxiang Liu
- Department of Forest Cultivation, College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Urban Forest Health Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, China
- *Correspondence: Bingxiang Liu,
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Li Y, Li Q, Beuchat G, Zeng H, Zhang C, Chen LQ. Combined analyses of translatome and transcriptome in Arabidopsis reveal new players responding to magnesium deficiency. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:2075-2092. [PMID: 34473403 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Translational control of gene expression, including recruitment of ribosomes to messenger RNA (mRNA), is particularly important during the response to stress. Purification of ribosome-associated mRNAs using translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP) followed by RNA-sequencing facilitates the study of mRNAs undergoing active transcription and better proxies the translatome, or protein response, to stimuli. To identify plant responses to Magnesium (Mg) deficiency at the translational level, we combined transcriptome and translatome analyses. Excitingly, we found 26 previously unreported Mg-responsive genes that were only regulated at the translational level and not the transcriptional level, during the early response to Mg deficiency. In addition, mutants of the transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), the H+ /CATION EXCHANGER 1 and 3 (CAX1 and CAX3), and UBIQUITIN 11 (UBQ11) exhibited early chlorosis phenotype under Mg deficiency, supporting their functional involvement in ion homeostasis. Overall, our study strongly supports that TRAP-seq combined with RNA-seq followed by phenotype screening could facilitate the identification of novel players during stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Li
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Gabriel Beuchat
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Houqing Zeng
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Cankui Zhang
- Department of Agronomy and Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 49707, USA
| | - Li-Qing Chen
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
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Tian XY, He DD, Bai S, Zeng WZ, Wang Z, Wang M, Wu LQ, Chen ZC. Physiological and molecular advances in magnesium nutrition of plants. PLANT AND SOIL 2021; 468:1-17. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-021-05139-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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Ma JF, Tsay YF. Transport Systems of Mineral Elements in Plants: Transporters, Regulation and Utilization. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:539-540. [PMID: 33576404 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki, 710-0046 Japan
| | - Yi-Fang Tsay
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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Jia Y, Xu H, Wang Y, Ye X, Lai N, Huang Z, Yang L, Li Y, Chen LS, Guo J. Differences in morphological and physiological features of citrus seedlings are related to Mg transport from the parent to branch organs. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:239. [PMID: 34044762 PMCID: PMC8157678 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03028-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we aimed to test the hypothesis that magnesium (Mg) remobilization in citrus plants is regulated by Mg supply and contributes to differences in the growth of the parent and branch organs. Citrus seedlings were grown in sand under Mg deficient (0 mmol Mg2+ L-1, -Mg) and Mg sufficient (2 mmol Mg2+ L-1, + Mg) conditions. The effects on biomass, Mg uptake and transport, gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence, as well as related morphological and physiological parameters were evaluated in different organs. RESULTS Mg deficiency significantly decreased plant biomass, with a decrease in total plant biomass of 39.6%, and a greater than twofold decrease in the branch organs compared with that of the parent organs. Reduced photosynthesis capacity was caused by a decreased in pigment levels and photosynthetic electron transport chain disruption, thus affecting non-structural carbohydrate accumulation and plant growth. However, the adaptive responses of branch leaves to Mg deficiency were greater than those in parent leaves. Mg deficiency inhibited plant Mg uptake but enhanced Mg remobilization from parent to branch organs, thus changing related growth variables and physiological parameters, including protein synthesis and antioxidant enzyme activity. Moreover, in the principal components analysis, these variations were highly clustered in both the upper and lower parent leaves, but highly separated in branch leaves under the different Mg conditions. CONCLUSIONS Mg deficiency inhibits the growth of the parent and branch organs of citrus plants, with high Mg mobility contributing to differences in physiological metabolism. These findings suggest that Mg management should be optimized for sustainable citrus production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Jia
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yuwen Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ningwei Lai
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zengrong Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lintong Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yan Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Li-Song Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jiuxin Guo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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Perdomo JA, Buchner P, Carmo-Silva E. The relative abundance of wheat Rubisco activase isoforms is post-transcriptionally regulated. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 148:47-56. [PMID: 33796933 PMCID: PMC8154801 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00830-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Diurnal rhythms and light availability affect transcription-translation feedback loops that regulate the synthesis of photosynthetic proteins. The CO2-fixing enzyme Rubisco is the most abundant protein in the leaves of major crop species and its activity depends on interaction with the molecular chaperone Rubisco activase (Rca). In Triticum aestivum L. (wheat), three Rca isoforms are present that differ in their regulatory properties. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the relative abundance of the redox-sensitive and redox-insensitive Rca isoforms could be differentially regulated throughout light-dark diel cycle in wheat. While TaRca1-β expression was consistently negligible throughout the day, transcript levels of both TaRca2-β and TaRca2-α were higher and increased at the start of the day, with peak levels occurring at the middle of the photoperiod. Abundance of TaRca-β protein was maximal 1.5 h after the peak in TaRca2-β expression, but the abundance of TaRca-α remained constant during the entire photoperiod. The redox-sensitive TaRca-α isoform was less abundant, representing 85% of the redox-insensitive TaRca-β at the transcript level and 12.5% at the protein level. Expression of Rubisco large and small subunit genes did not show a consistent pattern throughout the diel cycle, but the abundance of Rubisco decreased by up to 20% during the dark period in fully expanded wheat leaves. These results, combined with a lack of correlation between transcript and protein abundance for both Rca isoforms and Rubisco throughout the entire diel cycle, suggest that the abundance of these photosynthetic enzymes is post-transcriptionally regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Buchner
- Plant Biology and Crop Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, UK
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Fitzpatrick TB, Noordally Z. Of clocks and coenzymes in plants: intimately connected cycles guiding central metabolism? THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:416-432. [PMID: 33264424 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant fitness is a measure of the capacity of a plant to survive and reproduce in its particular environment. It is inherently dependent on plant health. Molecular timekeepers like the circadian clock enhance fitness due to their ability to coordinate biochemical and physiological processes with the environment on a daily basis. Central metabolism underlies these events and it is well established that diel metabolite adjustments are intimately and reciprocally associated with the genetically encoded clock. Thus, metabolic pathway activities are time-of-day regulated. Metabolite rhythms are driven by enzymes, a major proportion of which rely on organic coenzymes to facilitate catalysis. The B vitamin complex is the key provider of coenzymes in all organisms. Emerging evidence suggests that B vitamin levels themselves undergo daily oscillations in animals but has not been studied in any depth in plants. Moreover, it is rarely considered that daily rhythmicity in coenzyme levels may dictate enzyme activity levels and therefore metabolite levels. Here we put forward the proposal that B-vitamin-derived coenzyme rhythmicity is intertwined with metabolic and clock derived rhythmicity to achieve a tripartite homeostasis integrated into plant fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa B Fitzpatrick
- Vitamins and Environmental Stress Responses in Plants, Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland
| | - Zeenat Noordally
- Vitamins and Environmental Stress Responses in Plants, Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland
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de Melo JRF, Gutsch A, Caluwé TD, Leloup JC, Gonze D, Hermans C, Webb AAR, Verbruggen N. Magnesium maintains the length of the circadian period in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:519-532. [PMID: 33721908 PMCID: PMC8133681 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock coordinates the physiological responses of a biological system to day and night rhythms through complex loops of transcriptional/translational regulation. It can respond to external stimuli and adjust generated circadian oscillations accordingly to maintain an endogenous period close to 24 h. However, the interaction between nutritional status and circadian rhythms in plants is poorly understood. Magnesium (Mg) is essential for numerous biological processes in plants, and its homeostasis is crucial to maintain optimal development and growth. Magnesium deficiency in young Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings increased the period of circadian oscillations of the CIRCADIAN CLOCK-ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) promoter (pCCA1:LUC) activity and dampened their amplitude under constant light in a dose-dependent manner. Although the circadian period increase caused by Mg deficiency was light dependent, it did not depend on active photosynthesis. Mathematical modeling of the Mg input into the circadian clock reproduced the experimental increase of the circadian period and suggested that Mg is likely to affect global transcription/translation levels rather than a single component of the circadian oscillator. Upon addition of a low dose of cycloheximide to perturb translation, the circadian period increased further under Mg deficiency, which was rescued when sufficient Mg was supplied, supporting the model's prediction. These findings suggest that sufficient Mg supply is required to support proper timekeeping in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Romário F de Melo
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Annelie Gutsch
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, CB2 3EA Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas De Caluwé
- Unité de Chronobiologie Théorique, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe Leloup
- Unité de Chronobiologie Théorique, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Didier Gonze
- Unité de Chronobiologie Théorique, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christian Hermans
- Crop Production and Biostimulation Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alex A R Webb
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, CB2 3EA Cambridge, UK
| | - Nathalie Verbruggen
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Author to communication:
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Ishfaq M, Zhong Y, Wang Y, Li X. Magnesium Limitation Leads to Transcriptional Down-Tuning of Auxin Synthesis, Transport, and Signaling in the Tomato Root. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:802399. [PMID: 35003191 PMCID: PMC8733655 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.802399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) deficiency is becoming a widespread limiting factor for crop production. How crops adapt to Mg limitation remains largely unclear at the molecular level. Using hydroponic-cultured tomato seedlings, we found that total Mg2+ content significantly decreased by ∼80% under Mg limitation while K+ and Ca2+ concentrations increased. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that Mg transporters (MRS2/MGTs) constitute a previously uncharacterized 3-clade tree in planta with two rounds of asymmetric duplications, providing evolutionary evidence for further molecular investigation. In adaptation to internal Mg deficiency, the expression of six representative MGTs (two in the shoot and four in the root) was up-regulated in Mg-deficient plants. Contradictory to the transcriptional elevation of most of MGTs, Mg limitation resulted in the ∼50% smaller root system. Auxin concentrations particularly decreased by ∼23% in the Mg-deficient root, despite the enhanced accumulation of gibberellin, cytokinin, and ABA. In accordance with such auxin reduction was overall transcriptional down-regulation of thirteen genes controlling auxin biosynthesis (TAR/YUCs), transport (LAXs, PINs), and signaling (IAAs, ARFs). Together, systemic down-tuning of gene expression in the auxin signaling pathway under Mg limitation preconditions a smaller tomato root system, expectedly stimulating MGT transcription for Mg uptake or translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ishfaq
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanting Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Vegetable Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexian Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xuexian Li,
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Skiba E, Pietrzak M, Gapińska M, Wolf WM. Metal Homeostasis and Gas Exchange Dynamics in Pisum sativum L. Exposed to Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8497. [PMID: 33187383 PMCID: PMC7696629 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerium dioxide nanoparticles are pollutants of emerging concern. They are rarely immobilized in the environment. This study extends our work on Pisum sativum L. as a model plant, cultivated worldwide, and is well suited for investigating additive interactions induced by nanoceria. Hydroponic cultivation, which prompts accurate plant growth control and three levels of CeO2 supplementation, were applied, namely, 100, 200, and 500 mg (Ce)/L. Phytotoxicity was estimated by fresh weights and photosynthesis parameters. Additionally, Ce, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ca, and Mg contents were analyzed by high-resolution continuum source atomic absorption and inductively coupled plasma optical emission techniques. Analysis of variance has proved that CeO2 nanoparticles affected metals uptake. In the roots, it decreased for Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Mg, while a reversed process was observed for Ca. The latter is absorbed more intensively, but translocation to above-ground parts is hampered. At the same time, nanoparticulate CeO2 reduced Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Ca accumulation in pea shoots. The lowest Ce concentration boosted the photosynthesis rate, while the remaining treatments did not induce significant changes. Plant growth stimulation was observed only for the 100 mg/L. To our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates the effect of nanoceria on photosynthesis-related parameters in peas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Skiba
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (M.P.); (W.M.W.)
| | - Monika Pietrzak
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (M.P.); (W.M.W.)
| | - Magdalena Gapińska
- Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Wojciech M. Wolf
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (M.P.); (W.M.W.)
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Sun Y, Huang F, Dykes GF, Liu LN. Diurnal Regulation of In Vivo Localization and CO 2-Fixing Activity of Carboxysomes in Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:E169. [PMID: 32872408 PMCID: PMC7555275 DOI: 10.3390/life10090169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxysomes are the specific CO2-fixing microcompartments in all cyanobacteria. Although it is known that the organization and subcellular localization of carboxysomes are dependent on external light conditions and are highly relevant to their functions, how carboxysome organization and function are actively orchestrated in natural diurnal cycles has remained elusive. Here, we explore the dynamic regulation of carboxysome positioning and carbon fixation in the model cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 in response to diurnal light-dark cycles, using live-cell confocal imaging and Rubisco assays. We found that carboxysomes are prone to locate close to the central line along the short axis of the cell and exhibit a greater preference of polar distribution in the dark phase, coupled with a reduction in carbon fixation. Moreover, we show that deleting the gene encoding the circadian clock protein KaiA could lead to an increase in carboxysome numbers per cell and reduced portions of pole-located carboxysomes. Our study provides insight into the diurnal regulation of carbon fixation in cyanobacteria and the general cellular strategies of cyanobacteria living in natural habitat for environmental acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lu-Ning Liu
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK; (Y.S.); (F.H.); (G.F.D.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Jie Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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