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Indira A, Joshi B, Koul A, Chongtham N. Comparative hepato-ameliorative effects of Bambusa nutans fresh and fermented shoot extracts on STZ induced diabetic LACA mice. Talanta 2024; 274:126035. [PMID: 38579421 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Bamboo shoots are nutritionally rich source of antioxidants and bioactive compounds with immense therapeutic potentials. The fresh shoot is acrid and needs to be processed to make it palatable. Fermentation is one the best processing methods for long term storage and make the shoot palatable and enhance taste. This study aims to assess the prophylactic hepatoprotective effects of fresh and fermented B. nutans shoot aqueous extract (200 mg/kg b.w.) in STZ induced diabetic LACA mice. Both extracts effectively improved body weight loss, hyperglycemia, and hepatomegaly. Fresh shoot reduced LDH activity and LPO level by 26.1% and 46.6%, while fermented shoot reduced them by 51.5% and 55.8%, respectively. The fermented shoot extract group demonstrated a noteworthy decrease in liver enzymes (SGPT, SGOT, ALP, and bilirubin levels) and an increase in albumin and A/G ratio, with more substantial improvements compared to the group treated with fresh extract. Additionally, the extracts enhanced antioxidant activities and showed histological improvements in hepatocytes and central vein structure. The findings indicate that both fresh and fermented B. nutans extracts are non-toxic and possess hepatoprotective potential in hyperglycaemic liver dysfunction, with fermented shoot extract exhibiting superior efficacy suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for hyperglycemic liver conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aribam Indira
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Babita Joshi
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ashwani Koul
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160025, India
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Bhattacharya S, Pappachan JM. Monogenic diabetes in children: An underdiagnosed and poorly managed clinical dilemma. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1051-1059. [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Monogenic diabetes, constituting 1%-2% of global diabetes cases, arises from single gene defects with distinctive inheritance patterns. Despite over 50 ass-ociated genetic disorders, accurate diagnoses and management of monogenic diabetes remain inadequate, underscoring insufficient clinician awareness. The disease spectrum encompasses maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), characterized by distinct genetic mutations affecting insulin secretion, and neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) – a heterogeneous group of severe hyperglycemic disorders in infants. Mitochondrial diabetes, autoimmune monogenic diabetes, genetic insulin resistance and lipodystrophy syndromes further diversify the monogenic diabetes landscape. A tailored approach based on phenotypic and biochemical factors to identify candidates for genetic screening is recommended for suspected cases of MODY. NDM diagnosis warrants immediate molecular genetic testing for infants under six months. Identifying these genetic defects presents a unique opportunity for precision medicine. Ongoing research aimed to develop cost-effective genetic testing methods and gene-based therapy can facilitate appropriate identification and optimize clinical outcomes. Identification and study of new genes offer a valuable opportunity to gain deeper insights into pancreatic cell biology and the pathogenic mechanisms underlying common forms of diabetes. The clinical review published in the recent issue of World Journal of Diabetes is such an attempt to fill-in our knowledge gap about this enigmatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph M Pappachan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Preston PR2 9HT, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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Kumar KK, Aburawi EH, Ljubisavljevic M, Leow MKS, Feng X, Ansari SA, Emerald BS. Exploring histone deacetylases in type 2 diabetes mellitus: pathophysiological insights and therapeutic avenues. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:78. [PMID: 38862980 PMCID: PMC11167878 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01692-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that impairs metabolism, and its prevalence has reached an epidemic proportion globally. Most people affected are with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is caused by a decline in the numbers or functioning of pancreatic endocrine islet cells, specifically the β-cells that release insulin in sufficient quantity to overcome any insulin resistance of the metabolic tissues. Genetic and epigenetic factors have been implicated as the main contributors to the T2DM. Epigenetic modifiers, histone deacetylases (HDACs), are enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histones and play an important role in a variety of molecular processes, including pancreatic cell destiny, insulin release, insulin production, insulin signalling, and glucose metabolism. HDACs also govern other regulatory processes related to diabetes, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis, revealed by network and functional analysis. This review explains the current understanding of the function of HDACs in diabetic pathophysiology, the inhibitory role of various HDAC inhibitors (HDACi), and their functional importance as biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets for T2DM. While their role in T2DM is still emerging, a better understanding of the role of HDACi may be relevant in improving insulin sensitivity, protecting β-cells and reducing T2DM-associated complications, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kukkala Kiran Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Elhadi Husein Aburawi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Milos Ljubisavljevic
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melvin Khee Shing Leow
- LKC School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Dept of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu Feng
- Department of Biochemistry, YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Suraiya Anjum Ansari
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bright Starling Emerald
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Lv X, Gao J, Yang J, Zou Y, Chen J, Sun Y, Song J, Liu Y, Wang L, Xia L, Yu S, Wei Z, Chen L, Hou X. Clinical and functional characterization of a novel KCNJ11 (c.101G > A, p.R34H) mutation associated with maturity-onset diabetes mellitus of the young type 13. Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-03873-6. [PMID: 38761346 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03873-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to describe the clinical features, diagnostic and therapeutic course of a patient with MODY13 caused by KCNJ11 (c.101G > A, p.R34H) and how it contributes to the pathogenesis of MODY13, and to explore new therapeutic targets. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing was used to screen prediagnosed individuals and family members with clinically suspected KCNJ11 mutations. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, western blotting, thallium flux of potassium channels, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), and immunofluorescence assays were used to analyze the regulation of insulin secretion by the KCNJ11 mutant in MIN6 cells. Daily blood glucose levels were continuously monitored for 14 days in the proband using the ambulatory blood glucose meter (SIBIONICS). RESULTS Mutation screening of the entire exon of the gene identified a heterozygous KCNJ11 (c.101G > A, p.R34H) mutation in the proband and his mother. Cell-based GSIS assays after transfection of MIN6 using wild-type and mutant plasmids revealed that this mutation impaired insulin secretory function. Furthermore, we found that this impaired secretory function is associated with reduced functional activity of the mutant KCNJ11 protein and reduced expression of the insulin secretion-associated exocytosis proteins STXBP1 and SNAP25. CONCLUSION For the first time, we revealed the pathogenic mechanism of KCNJ11 (c.101G > A, p.R34H) associated with MODY13. This mutant can cause alterations in KATP channel activity, reduce sensitivity to glucose stimulation, and impair pancreatic β-cell secretory function by downregulating insulin secretion-associated exocytosis proteins. Therefore, oral sulfonylurea drugs can lower blood glucose levels through pro-insulinotropic effects and are more favorable for patients with this mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yujing Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yiran Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Longqing Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shijia Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Zichun Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xinguo Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Ruiz-Urbaez R, Villagómez-Estrada MV, Reyes-Silva C, Quishpe-López D, Males-Maldonado D, Salazar-Vega J, Gea-Izquierdo E. Diabetic Nephropathy, Retinopathy, and Functional Hypogonadism in a Patient with MODY10: A Case Report. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:830. [PMID: 38793013 PMCID: PMC11123248 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
(1) Background and objectives: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a group of diabetes caused by gene defects related to insulin secretion. MODY1, MODY2, and MODY3 are the most common and account for approximately 80% of all cases. Other types are relatively rare. This study describes the clinical, analytical, and genetic characteristics of a patient with MODY10, and diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and functional hypogonadism diagnosis. (2) Materials and methods: A clinical case was analyzed and whole exome generation sequencing (WES) was used to detect mutations related to a monogenic variant. (3) Results: A seventeen-year-old male patient, who was diagnosed with apparent type 1 diabetes at the age of eight was started with insulin therapy. He came to the emergency room with glycemic decompensation, facial, and lower limb edema. During his evaluation, he had near-nephrotic range proteinuria of 2902 mg/24 h, a kidney ultrasound showing mild pyelocalyceal dilation, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and was also diagnosed with functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. These comorbidities improved with adequate glycemic control. WES showed missense variant c.94G>A (p.Gly32Ser) in the INS gene, according to Clinvar corresponding to MODY10. It was a "de novo" variant not reported in his parents. (4) Conclusions: Monogenic diabetes (MD) is rare and MODY10 is among the less frequent types. MODY should be suspected in patients with type 1 phenotype with negative autoimmunity even in the absence of a family history of diabetes. To the best of our knowledge, we present here the first patient with these phenotypic traits of MODY10 reported in Latin America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Ruiz-Urbaez
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Eugenio Espejo Hospital, Quito 170403, Ecuador
| | | | | | | | | | - Jorge Salazar-Vega
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Eugenio Espejo Hospital, Quito 170403, Ecuador
- Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Quito 170143, Ecuador
| | - Enrique Gea-Izquierdo
- Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Quito 170143, Ecuador
- Department of Medical Specialties and Public Health, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, Spain
- María Zambrano Program-European Union, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, Spain
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6
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Ibrahim H, Balboa D, Saarimäki-Vire J, Montaser H, Dyachok O, Lund PE, Omar-Hmeadi M, Kvist J, Dwivedi OP, Lithovius V, Barsby T, Chandra V, Eurola S, Ustinov J, Tuomi T, Miettinen PJ, Barg S, Tengholm A, Otonkoski T. RFX6 haploinsufficiency predisposes to diabetes through impaired beta cell function. Diabetologia 2024:10.1007/s00125-024-06163-y. [PMID: 38743124 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06163-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Regulatory factor X 6 (RFX6) is crucial for pancreatic endocrine development and differentiation. The RFX6 variant p.His293LeufsTer7 is significantly enriched in the Finnish population, with almost 1:250 individuals as a carrier. Importantly, the FinnGen study indicates a high predisposition for heterozygous carriers to develop type 2 and gestational diabetes. However, the precise mechanism of this predisposition remains unknown. METHODS To understand the role of this variant in beta cell development and function, we used CRISPR technology to generate allelic series of pluripotent stem cells. We created two isogenic stem cell models: a human embryonic stem cell model; and a patient-derived stem cell model. Both were differentiated into pancreatic islet lineages (stem-cell-derived islets, SC-islets), followed by implantation in immunocompromised NOD-SCID-Gamma mice. RESULTS Stem cell models of the homozygous variant RFX6-/- predictably failed to generate insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cells, mirroring the phenotype observed in Mitchell-Riley syndrome. Notably, at the pancreatic endocrine stage, there was an upregulation of precursor markers NEUROG3 and SOX9, accompanied by increased apoptosis. Intriguingly, heterozygous RFX6+/- SC-islets exhibited RFX6 haploinsufficiency (54.2% reduction in protein expression), associated with reduced beta cell maturation markers, altered calcium signalling and impaired insulin secretion (62% and 54% reduction in basal and high glucose conditions, respectively). However, RFX6 haploinsufficiency did not have an impact on beta cell number or insulin content. The reduced insulin secretion persisted after in vivo implantation in mice, aligning with the increased risk of variant carriers to develop diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our allelic series isogenic SC-islet models represent a powerful tool to elucidate specific aetiologies of diabetes in humans, enabling the sensitive detection of aberrations in both beta cell development and function. We highlight the critical role of RFX6 in augmenting and maintaining the pancreatic progenitor pool, with an endocrine roadblock and increased cell death upon its loss. We demonstrate that RFX6 haploinsufficiency does not affect beta cell number or insulin content but does impair function, predisposing heterozygous carriers of loss-of-function variants to diabetes. DATA AVAILABILITY Ultra-deep bulk RNA-seq data for pancreatic differentiation stages 3, 5 and 7 of H1 RFX6 genotypes are deposited in the Gene Expression Omnibus database with accession code GSE234289. Original western blot images are deposited at Mendeley ( https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/g75drr3mgw/2 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Ibrahim
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Diego Balboa
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonna Saarimäki-Vire
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hossam Montaser
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Oleg Dyachok
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per-Eric Lund
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Jouni Kvist
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Om P Dwivedi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program of Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Väinö Lithovius
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tom Barsby
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vikash Chandra
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Solja Eurola
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jarkko Ustinov
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program of Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Biomedicum Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Endocrinology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Päivi J Miettinen
- Department of Pediatrics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sebastian Barg
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Tengholm
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Timo Otonkoski
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Pediatrics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
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Yang G, Su F, Han BX, Su HX, Guo CH, Yu SH, Guan QL, Hou XM. HNF1A induces glioblastoma by upregulating EPS8 and activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116133. [PMID: 38494066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Despite the exact biological role of HNF1 homolog A (HNF1A) in the regulatory mechanism of glioblastoma (GBM), the molecular mechanism, especially the downstream regulation as a transcription factor, remains to be further elucidated. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression and clinical relevance of HNF1A in GBM patients. CCK8, TUNEL, and subcutaneous tumor formation in nude mice were used to evaluate the effect of HNF1A on GBM in vitro and in vivo. The correction between HNF1A and epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8 (EPS8) was illustrated by bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assay. Further mechanism was explored that the transcription factor HNF1A regulated the expression of EPS8 and downstream signaling pathways by directly binding to the promoter region of EPS8. Our comprehensive analysis of clinical samples in this study showed that upregulated expression of HNF1A was associated with poor survival in GBM patients. Further, we found that knockdown of HNF1A markedly suppressed the malignant phenotype of GBM cells in vivo and in vitro as well as promoted apoptosis of tumor cells, which was reversed by upregulation of HNF1A. Mechanistically, HNF1A could significantly activate PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by specifically binding to the promoter regions of EPS8. Moreover, overexpression of EPS8 was able to reverse the apoptosis of tumor cells caused by HNF1A knockdown, thereby exacerbating the GBM progression. Correctively, our study has clarified the explicit mechanism by which HNF1A promotes GBM malignancy and provides a new therapeutic target for further clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Fei Su
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Bin-Xiao Han
- Gansu Institute of Medical Information, Institute of Gansu Medical Science Research, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Hong-Xin Su
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Chen-Hao Guo
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Shao-Hua Yu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Quan-Lin Guan
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Department of Oncology Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Hou
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.
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8
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Wu Y, Zhang C, Duan S, Li Y, Lu L, Bajpai A, Yang C, Mi J, Tian G, Xu F, Qi D, Xu Z, Chi XD. TEAD1, MYO7A and NDUFC2 are novel functional genes associated with glucose metabolism in BXD recombinant inbred population. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:1775-1788. [PMID: 38385898 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM The liver is an important metabolic organ that governs glucolipid metabolism, and its dysfunction may cause non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, etc. We aimed to systematic investigate the key factors related to hepatic glucose metabolism, which may be beneficial for understanding the underlying pathogenic mechanisms for obesity and diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) phenotypes and liver transcriptomes of BXD mice under chow and high-fat diet conditions were collected from GeneNetwork. QTL mapping was conducted to pinpoint genomic regions associated with glucose homeostasis. Candidate genes were further nominated using a multi-criteria approach and validated to confirm their functional relevance in vitro. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that plasma glucose levels in OGTT were significantly affected by both diet and genetic background, with six genetic regulating loci were mapped on chromosomes 1, 4, and 7. Moreover, TEAD1, MYO7A and NDUFC2 were identified as the candidate genes. Functionally, siRNA-mediated TEAD1, MYO7A and NDUFC2 knockdown significantly decreased the glucose uptake and inhibited the transcription of genes related to insulin and glucose metabolism pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our study contributes novel insights to the understanding of hepatic glucose metabolism, demonstrating the impact of TEAD1, MYO7A and NDUFC2 on mitochondrial function in the liver and their regulatory role in maintaining in glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Shaofei Duan
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yushan Li
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Lu Lu
- The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Akhilesh Bajpai
- The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Chunhua Yang
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Jia Mi
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Geng Tian
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Fuyi Xu
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Donglai Qi
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Zhaowei Xu
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiao Dong Chi
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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Kuznetsova KG, Vašíček J, Skiadopoulou D, Molnes J, Udler M, Johansson S, Njølstad PR, Manning A, Vaudel M. Bioinformatics pipeline for the systematic mining genomic and proteomic variation linked to rare diseases: The example of monogenic diabetes. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300350. [PMID: 38635808 PMCID: PMC11025945 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Monogenic diabetes is characterized as a group of diseases caused by rare variants in single genes. Like for other rare diseases, multiple genes have been linked to monogenic diabetes with different measures of pathogenicity, but the information on the genes and variants is not unified among different resources, making it challenging to process them informatically. We have developed an automated pipeline for collecting and harmonizing data on genetic variants linked to monogenic diabetes. Furthermore, we have translated variant genetic sequences into protein sequences accounting for all protein isoforms and their variants. This allows researchers to consolidate information on variant genes and proteins linked to monogenic diabetes and facilitates their study using proteomics or structural biology. Our open and flexible implementation using Jupyter notebooks enables tailoring and modifying the pipeline and its application to other rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia G. Kuznetsova
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jakub Vašíček
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Dafni Skiadopoulou
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Janne Molnes
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Miriam Udler
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Metabolism Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Stefan Johansson
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Pål Rasmus Njølstad
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Children and Youth Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Alisa Manning
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Metabolism Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Marc Vaudel
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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10
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Chen C, Piao Y, Sang Y. A synonymous KCNJ11 variant leading to MODY13: A case report and literature review. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2024; 38:101043. [PMID: 38226203 PMCID: PMC10788303 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2023.101043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Maturity-onset diabetes of the young, type 13 (MODY13) is a specific subclass of monogenic diabetes mellitus that does not exhibit the typical clinical manifestations of diabetes, necessitating the use of genetic testing for accurate diagnosis. With the progression of monogenic diabetes and MODY, the number of reported MODY13 cases has reached a minimum of 22. Nevertheless, there remains a dearth of information regarding patients diagnosed with MODY13 presenting synonymous variants. Case presentation This study presents a description of the clinical and genetic features of a 9-year-old male patient diagnosed with MODY13. A noteworthy finding in this case was the occurrence of a "separation phenomenon" between C-peptide and insulin during the standard meal test. Whole exome sequencing (WES) identified a KCNJ11 c.843C > T (p.L281=) mutation in exon 1, which contradicted the previously reported phenotype. Following the onset of ketosis, the patient underwent insulin therapy for a duration of one month, during which the insulin dosage was gradually modified based on blood glucose levels. In order to maintain normoglycemia, he adhered to a diabetic dietary regimen and participated in 1-2 h of moderate exercise daily. Conclusion The study implies that patient with KCNJ11 variant shows a "separation phenomenon" between C-peptide and insulin in standard meal test. Our report also enriched the genotype and phenotype spectrums of MODY13 and highlighted the importance of genetic testing in patients without characteristic clinical symptoms of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congli Chen
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Genetic, and Metabolism, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yurong Piao
- Department of Immunology, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmei Sang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Genetic, and Metabolism, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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11
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Cherian CM, Reeves HR, De Silva D, Tsao S, Marshall KE, Rideout EJ. Consideration of sex as a biological variable in diabetes research across twenty years. Biol Sex Differ 2024; 15:19. [PMID: 38409052 PMCID: PMC10895746 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-024-00595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex differences exist in the risk of developing type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and in the risk of developing diabetes-associated complications. Sex differences in glucose homeostasis, islet and β cell biology, and peripheral insulin sensitivity have also been reported. Yet, we lack detailed information on the mechanisms underlying these differences, preventing the development of sex-informed therapeutic strategies for persons living with diabetes. To chart a path toward greater inclusion of biological sex as a variable in diabetes research, we first need a detailed assessment of common practices in the field. METHODS We developed a scoring system to evaluate the inclusion of biological sex in manuscripts published in Diabetes, a journal published by the American Diabetes Association. We chose Diabetes as this journal focuses solely on diabetes and diabetes-related research, and includes manuscripts that use both clinical and biomedical approaches. We scored papers published across 3 years within a 20-year period (1999, 2009, 2019), a timeframe that spans the introduction of funding agency and journal policies designed to improve the consideration of biological sex as a variable. RESULTS Our analysis showed fewer than 15% of papers used sex-based analysis in even one figure across all study years, a trend that was reproduced across journal-defined categories of diabetes research (e.g., islet studies, signal transduction). Single-sex studies accounted for approximately 40% of all manuscripts, of which > 87% used male subjects only. While we observed a modest increase in the overall inclusion of sex as a biological variable during our study period, our data highlight significant opportunities for improvement in diabetes research practices. We also present data supporting a positive role for journal policies in promoting better consideration of biological sex in diabetes research. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis provides significant insight into common practices in diabetes research related to the consideration of biological sex as a variable. Based on our analysis we recommend ways that diabetes researchers can improve inclusion of biological sex as a variable. In the long term, improved practices will reveal sex-specific mechanisms underlying diabetes risk and complications, generating knowledge to enable the development of sex-informed prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celena M Cherian
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hayley R Reeves
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Molecular Biosciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Duneesha De Silva
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Orthopaedics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Serena Tsao
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Katie E Marshall
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Elizabeth J Rideout
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- Life Sciences Center, 2350 Health Sciences Mall (RM3308), Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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12
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Cahn A, Mor-Shaked H, Rosenberg-Fogler H, Pollack R, Tolhuis B, Sharma G, Schultz E, Yanovsky-Dagan S, Harel T. Complex rearrangement in TBC1D4 in an individual with diabetes due to severe insulin resistance syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet 2024; 32:232-237. [PMID: 38086948 PMCID: PMC10853276 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-023-01512-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe insulin resistance syndromes result from primary insulin signaling defects, adipose tissue abnormalities or other complex syndromes. Mutations in TBC1D4 lead to partial insulin signaling defects, characterized mainly by postprandial insulin resistance. We describe an individual with severe insulin-resistant diabetes unresponsive to multiple therapies, in whom exome and genome analyses identified a complex rearrangement in TBC1D4. The rearrangement was of the pattern DUP-TRP/INV-DUP, with mutational signatures suggestive of replicative repair and Alu-Alu recombination as the underlying mechanisms. TBC1D4 encodes the TBC1D4/AS160 RabGTPase activating protein (RabGAP) involved in the translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) from the cytosol to the cell membrane. Although the precise functional mechanism underlying insulin resistance in the proband is yet to be determined, this case provides further support for the link between TBC1D4 and hereditary insulin-resistant diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avivit Cahn
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hagar Mor-Shaked
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hallel Rosenberg-Fogler
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rena Pollack
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | - Tamar Harel
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
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13
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Morgan NG. Insulitis in human type 1 diabetes: lessons from an enigmatic lesion. Eur J Endocrinol 2024; 190:lvae002. [PMID: 38231086 PMCID: PMC10824273 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvae002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is caused by a deficiency of insulin secretion which has been considered traditionally as the outcome of a precipitous decline in the viability of β-cells in the islets of Langerhans, brought about by autoimmune-mediated attack. Consistent with this, various classes of lymphocyte, as well as cells of the innate immune system have been found in association with islets during disease progression. However, analysis of human pancreas from subjects with type 1 diabetes has revealed that insulitis is often less intense than in equivalent animal models of the disease and can affect many fewer islets than expected, at disease onset. This is especially true in subjects developing type 1 diabetes in, or beyond, their teenage years. Such studies imply that both the phenotype and the number of immune cells present within insulitic lesions can vary among individuals in an age-dependent manner. Additionally, the influent lymphocytes are often mainly arrayed peripherally around islets rather than gaining direct access to the endocrine cell core. Thus, insulitis remains an enigmatic phenomenon in human pancreas and this review seeks to explore the current understanding of its likely role in the progression of type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel G Morgan
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Science, Islet Biology Exeter (IBEx), Exeter Centre of Excellence in Diabetes (EXCEED), University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX2 5DW, United Kingdom
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14
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Jeeyavudeen MS, Murray SR, Strachan MWJ. Management of monogenic diabetes in pregnancy: A narrative review. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:15-23. [PMID: 38313847 PMCID: PMC10835499 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy in women with monogenic diabetes is potentially complex, with significant implications for both maternal and fetal health. Among these, maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) stands out as a prevalent monogenic diabetes subtype frequently encountered in clinical practice. Each subtype of MODY requires a distinct approach tailored to the pregnancy, diverging from management strategies in non-pregnant individuals. Glucokinase MODY (GCK-MODY) typically does not require treatment outside of pregnancy, but special considerations arise when a woman with GCK-MODY becomes pregnant. The glycemic targets in GCK-MODY pregnancies are not exclusively dictated by the maternal/paternal MODY genotype but are also influenced by the genotype of the developing fetus. During pregnancy, the choice between sulfonylurea or insulin for treating hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha (HNF1A)-MODY and HNF4A-MODY depends on the mother's specific circumstances and the available expertise. Management of other rarer MODY subtypes is individualized, with decisions made on a case-by-case basis. Therefore, a collaborative approach involving expert diabetes and obstetric teams is crucial for the comprehensive management of MODY pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah R Murray
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Mark W J Strachan
- Metabolic Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
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15
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Kouidrat Y, Le Collen L, Vaxillaire M, Dechaume A, Toussaint B, Vaillant E, Amanzougarene S, Derhourhi M, Delemer B, Azahaf M, Froguel P, Bonnefond A. Dominant PDX1 deficiency causes highly penetrant diabetes at different ages, associated with obesity and exocrine pancreatic deficiency: Lessons for precision medicine. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2024; 50:101507. [PMID: 38141807 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2023.101507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Heterozygous pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) PDX1 variants cause monogenic diabetes. We comprehensively examined the phenotypes of carriers of P/LP PDX1 variants, and delineated potential treatments that could be efficient in an objective of precision medicine. METHODS The study primarily involved a family harboring a novel P/LP PDX1 variant. We then conducted an analysis of documented carriers of P/LP PDX1 variants, from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD), RaDiO study, and Type 2 Diabetes Knowledge Portal (T2DKP) including 87 K participants. RESULTS Within the family, we identified a P/LP PDX1 variant encoding p.G232S in four relatives. All of them exhibited diabetes, albeit with very different ages of onset (10-40 years), along with caudal pancreatic agenesis and childhood-onset obesity. In the HGMD, 79 % of carriers of a P/LP PDX1 variant displayed diabetes (with differing ages of onset from eight days of life to 67 years), 63 % exhibited pancreatic insufficiency and surprisingly 40 % had obesity. The impact of P/LP PDX1 variants on increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus was confirmed in the T2DKP. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor (DPP4i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1-RA), enabled good glucose control without hypoglycemia and weight management. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals diverse clinical presentations among the carriers of a P/LP PDX1 variant, highlighting strong variations in diabetes onset, and unexpectedly high prevalence of obesity and pancreatic development abnormalities. Clinical data suggest that DPP4i and GLP1-RA may be the best effective treatments to manage both glucose and weight controls, opening new avenue in precision diabetic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Kouidrat
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Obesity, Berck Maritime Hospital, Greater Paris University Hospitals, AP-HP, Berck, France
| | - Lauriane Le Collen
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, Pasteur Institute of Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Cedex, Lille 59045, France; Department of Endocrinology Diabetology, University Hospital Center of Reims, Reims, France; Department of Clinical Genetic, University Hospital Center of Reims, Reims, France.
| | - Martine Vaxillaire
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, Pasteur Institute of Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Cedex, Lille 59045, France; University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Aurélie Dechaume
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, Pasteur Institute of Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Cedex, Lille 59045, France; University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Bénédicte Toussaint
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, Pasteur Institute of Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Cedex, Lille 59045, France; University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuel Vaillant
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, Pasteur Institute of Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Cedex, Lille 59045, France; University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Souhila Amanzougarene
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, Pasteur Institute of Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Cedex, Lille 59045, France; University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Mehdi Derhourhi
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, Pasteur Institute of Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Cedex, Lille 59045, France; University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Brigitte Delemer
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetology, University Hospital Center of Reims, Reims, France
| | - Mustapha Azahaf
- Department of Radiology, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, Saint Philibert Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, Pasteur Institute of Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Cedex, Lille 59045, France; University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Department of Metabolism, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, Pasteur Institute of Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Cedex, Lille 59045, France; University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Department of Metabolism, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
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16
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Galiero R, Caturano A, Vetrano E, Monda M, Marfella R, Sardu C, Salvatore T, Rinaldi L, Sasso FC. Precision Medicine in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Utility and Limitations. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:3669-3689. [PMID: 38028995 PMCID: PMC10658811 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s390752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most widespread diseases in Western countries, and its incidence is constantly increasing. Epidemiological studies have shown that in the next 20 years. The number of subjects affected by T2DM will double. In recent years, owing to the development and improvement in methods for studying the genome, several authors have evaluated the association between monogenic or polygenic genetic alterations and the development of metabolic diseases and complications. In addition, sedentary lifestyle and socio-economic and pandemic factors have a great impact on the habits of the population and have significantly contributed to the increase in the incidence of metabolic disorders, obesity, T2DM, metabolic syndrome, and liver steatosis. Moreover, patients with type 2 diabetes appear to respond to antihyperglycemic drugs. Only a minority of patients could be considered true non-responders. Thus, it appears clear that the main aim of precision medicine in T2DM is to identify patients who can benefit most from a specific drug class more than from the others. Precision medicine is a discipline that evaluates the applicability of genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors to disease development. In particular, it evaluated whether these factors could affect the development of diseases and their complications, response to diet, lifestyle, and use of drugs. Thus, the objective is to find prevention models aimed at reducing the incidence of pathology and mortality and therapeutic personalized approaches, to obtain a greater probability of response and efficacy. This review aims to evaluate the applicability of precision medicine for T2DM, a healthcare burden in many countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Galiero
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Caturano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Erica Vetrano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcellino Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Salvatore
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Rinaldi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Carlo Sasso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
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17
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Goksen D, Evin F, Isik E, Ozen S, Atik T, Ozkinay F, Akcan N, Ozkan B, Buyukinan M, Nuri Ozbek M, Darcan S, Onay H. Molecular diagnosis in patients with monogenic diabetes mellitus, and detection of a novel candidate gene. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 205:110953. [PMID: 37838154 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to investigate molecular genetic basis of monogenic diabetes (DM) and novel responsible candidate genes with targeted Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and Whole Exome Sequencing (WES). METHODS A hundred cases presenting with clinical findings and a family history of monogenic DM were included in the study. Molecular analysis was performed using an NGS panel including 14 genes. Following targeted NGS, WES was planned in cases in whom no variant was detected. RESULTS Thirty different disease-causing variants in seven different genes were detected in thirty-five (35 %) cases with targeted NGS approach. Most common pathogenic variant was found in GCK gene in 25 (25 %) cases. Four different variants were detected in 4 (4 %) patients in ABCC8 gene. In 45 of 65 cases; WES analyses were done. A heterozygous c.2635C > T(p.Gln879Ter) variant was detected in IFIH1 gene in a patient with incidental hyperglycemia. In the segregation analysis affected mother was shown to be heterozygous for the same variant. CONCLUSION Molecular etiology was determined in 35 % cases with the NGS targeted panel. Seventeen novel variants in monogenic DM genes have been identified. A candidate gene determined by WES analysis in a case that could not be diagnosed with NGS panel in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Goksen
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ferda Evin
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Esra Isik
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Samim Ozen
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tahir Atik
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ferda Ozkinay
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nese Akcan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Behzat Ozkan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dr Behçet Uz Çocuk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Muammer Buyukinan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Nuri Ozbek
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Sukran Darcan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Onay
- Multigen Genetic Diseases Diagnosis Center, Izmir, Turkey
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18
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Dashti M, Nizam R, John SE, Melhem M, Channanath A, Alkandari H, Thanaraj TA, Al-Mulla F. ONECUT1 variants beyond type 1 and type 2 diabetes: exploring clinical diversity and epigenetic associations in Arab cohorts. Front Genet 2023; 14:1254833. [PMID: 37941991 PMCID: PMC10628528 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1254833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
ONECUT1 gene, encoding hepatocyte nuclear factor 6, is involved in pancreas and liver development. ONECUT1 mutations impair the function of pancreatic β-cells and control a transcriptional/epigenetic machinery regulating endocrine development. Homozygous nonsense and missense mutations at ONECUT1_p.E231 and a homozygous frameshift mutation at ONECUT1_p.M289 were reported in neonatal diabetes individuals of French, Turkish, and Indian ethnicity, respectively. Additionally, heterozygous variants were observed in Northern European T2D patients, and Italian patients with neonatal diabetes and early-/late-onset T2D. Examining diverse populations, such as Arabs known for consanguinity, can generalize the ONECUT1 involvement in diabetes. Upon screening the cohorts of Kuwaiti T1D and MODY families, and of Kuwaiti and Qatari T2D individuals, we observed two homozygous variants-the deleterious missense rs202151356_p.H33Q in one MODY, one T1D, and two T2D individuals, and the synonymous rs61735385_p.P94P in two T2D individuals. Heterozygous variants were also observed. Examination of GTEx, NephQTL, mQTLdb and HaploReg highlighted the rs61735385_p.P94P variant as eQTL influencing the tissue-specific expression of ONECUT1, as mQTL influencing methylation at CpG sites in and around ONECUT1 with the nearest site at 677-bases 3' to rs61735385_p.P94P; as overlapping predicted binding sites for NF-kappaB and EBF on ONECUT1. DNA methylation profiles of peripheral blood from 19 MODY-X patients versus eight healthy individuals revealed significant hypomethylation at two CpG sites-one located 617-bases 3' to the p.P94P variant and 8,102 bases away from transcription start; and the other located 14,999 bases away from transcription start. Our study generalizes the association of ONECUT1 with clinical diversity in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Dashti
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Rasheeba Nizam
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Sumi Elsa John
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Motasem Melhem
- Department of Specialized Services Facility, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Arshad Channanath
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Hessa Alkandari
- Department of Population Health, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Department of Pediatrics, Farwaniya Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | | | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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19
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Murphy R, Colclough K, Pollin TI, Ikle JM, Svalastoga P, Maloney KA, Saint-Martin C, Molnes J, Misra S, Aukrust I, de Franco E, Flanagan SE, Njølstad PR, Billings LK, Owen KR, Gloyn AL. The use of precision diagnostics for monogenic diabetes: a systematic review and expert opinion. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2023; 3:136. [PMID: 37794142 PMCID: PMC10550998 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00369-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monogenic diabetes presents opportunities for precision medicine but is underdiagnosed. This review systematically assessed the evidence for (1) clinical criteria and (2) methods for genetic testing for monogenic diabetes, summarized resources for (3) considering a gene or (4) variant as causal for monogenic diabetes, provided expert recommendations for (5) reporting of results; and reviewed (6) next steps after monogenic diabetes diagnosis and (7) challenges in precision medicine field. METHODS Pubmed and Embase databases were searched (1990-2022) using inclusion/exclusion criteria for studies that sequenced one or more monogenic diabetes genes in at least 100 probands (Question 1), evaluated a non-obsolete genetic testing method to diagnose monogenic diabetes (Question 2). The risk of bias was assessed using the revised QUADAS-2 tool. Existing guidelines were summarized for questions 3-5, and review of studies for questions 6-7, supplemented by expert recommendations. Results were summarized in tables and informed recommendations for clinical practice. RESULTS There are 100, 32, 36, and 14 studies included for questions 1, 2, 6, and 7 respectively. On this basis, four recommendations for who to test and five on how to test for monogenic diabetes are provided. Existing guidelines for variant curation and gene-disease validity curation are summarized. Reporting by gene names is recommended as an alternative to the term MODY. Key steps after making a genetic diagnosis and major gaps in our current knowledge are highlighted. CONCLUSIONS We provide a synthesis of current evidence and expert opinion on how to use precision diagnostics to identify individuals with monogenic diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinki Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
- Auckland Diabetes Centre, Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, Te Tokai Tumai, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Kevin Colclough
- Exeter Genomics Laboratory, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Toni I Pollin
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer M Ikle
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pernille Svalastoga
- Children and Youth Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kristin A Maloney
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cécile Saint-Martin
- Department of Medical Genetics, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Janne Molnes
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Shivani Misra
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ingvild Aukrust
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elisa de Franco
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Sarah E Flanagan
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Pål R Njølstad
- Children and Youth Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Liana K Billings
- Division of Endocrinology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Skokie, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Katharine R Owen
- Oxford Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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20
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Zhang J, Jiang Y, Li J, Zou H, Yin L, Yang Y, Yang L. Identification and precision therapy for three maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) families caused by mutations in the HNF4A gene. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1237553. [PMID: 37711893 PMCID: PMC10498112 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1237553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Heterozygous pathogenic variants in HNF4A gene cause maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 1 (MODY1). The mutation carriers for MODY1 have been reported to be relatively rare, in contrast to the most frequently reported forms of MODY2 and MODY3. Methods Whole exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were performed for genetic analysis of MODY pedigrees. Tertiary structures of the mutated proteins were predicted using PyMOL software. Results Three heterozygous missense mutations in the HNF4A gene, I159T, W179C, and D260N, were identified in the probands of three unrelated MODY families using WES, one of which (W179C) was novel. Cascade genetic screening revealed that the mutations co-segregated with hyperglycemic phenotypes in their families. The molecular diagnosis of MODY1 has partly transformed its management in clinical practice and improved glycemic control. The proband in family A successfully converted to sulfonylureas and achieved good glycemic control. Proband B responded well to metformin combined with diet therapy because of his higher body mass index (BMI). The proband in family C, with paternal-derived mutations, had markedly defective pancreatic β-cell function due to the superposition effect of T2DM susceptibility genes from the maternal grandfather, and he is currently treated with insulin. In silico analysis using PyMOL showed that the I159T and D260N mutations altered polar interactions with the surrounding residues, and W179C resulted in a smaller side chain. Discussion We identified three heterozygous missense mutations of HNF4A from Chinese MODY families. Structural alterations in these mutations may lead to defects in protein function, further contributing to the hyperglycemic phenotype of mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Institute of Monogenic Disease, School of Medicine, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
- Department of Scientific Research Section, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haiyin Zou
- Institute of Monogenic Disease, School of Medicine, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
- Department of Scientific Research Section, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The 990th Hospital of The People’s Liberation Army, Zhumadian, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Scientific Research Section, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Scientific Research Section, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
- Zhumadian Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Research and Translational Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, School of Medicine, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
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21
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Cha J, Tong X, Walker EM, Dahan T, Cochrane VA, Ashe S, Russell R, Osipovich AB, Mawla AM, Guo M, Liu JH, Loyd ZA, Huising MO, Magnuson MA, Hebrok M, Dor Y, Stein R. Species-specific roles for the MAFA and MAFB transcription factors in regulating islet β cell identity. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e166386. [PMID: 37606041 PMCID: PMC10543725 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.166386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with compromised identity of insulin-producing pancreatic islet β cells, characterized by inappropriate production of other islet cell-enriched hormones. Here, we examined how hormone misexpression was influenced by the MAFA and MAFB transcription factors, closely related proteins that maintain islet cell function. Mice specifically lacking MafA in β cells demonstrated broad, population-wide changes in hormone gene expression with an overall gene signature closely resembling islet gastrin+ (Gast+) cells generated under conditions of chronic hyperglycemia and obesity. A human β cell line deficient in MAFB, but not one lacking MAFA, also produced a GAST+ gene expression pattern. In addition, GAST was detected in human T2D β cells with low levels of MAFB. Moreover, evidence is provided that human MAFB can directly repress GAST gene transcription. These results support a potentially novel, species-specific role for MafA and MAFB in maintaining adult mouse and human β cell identity, respectively. Here, we discuss the possibility that induction of Gast/GAST and other non-β cell hormones, by reduction in the levels of these transcription factors, represents a dysfunctional β cell signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyeon Cha
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Emily M. Walker
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tehila Dahan
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Veronica A. Cochrane
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sudipta Ashe
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ronan Russell
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anna B. Osipovich
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alex M. Mawla
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Min Guo
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jin-hua Liu
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Zachary A. Loyd
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mark O. Huising
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Mark A. Magnuson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Matthias Hebrok
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yuval Dor
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Roland Stein
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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22
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Murphy R, Colclough K, Pollin TI, Ikle JM, Svalastoga P, Maloney KA, Saint-Martin C, Molnes J, Misra S, Aukrust I, de Franco A, Flanagan SE, Njølstad PR, Billings LK, Owen KR, Gloyn AL. A Systematic Review of the use of Precision Diagnostics in Monogenic Diabetes. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.04.15.23288269. [PMID: 37131594 PMCID: PMC10153302 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.15.23288269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Monogenic forms of diabetes present opportunities for precision medicine as identification of the underlying genetic cause has implications for treatment and prognosis. However, genetic testing remains inconsistent across countries and health providers, often resulting in both missed diagnosis and misclassification of diabetes type. One of the barriers to deploying genetic testing is uncertainty over whom to test as the clinical features for monogenic diabetes overlap with those for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. In this review, we perform a systematic evaluation of the evidence for the clinical and biochemical criteria used to guide selection of individuals with diabetes for genetic testing and review the evidence for the optimal methods for variant detection in genes involved in monogenic diabetes. In parallel we revisit the current clinical guidelines for genetic testing for monogenic diabetes and provide expert opinion on the interpretation and reporting of genetic tests. We provide a series of recommendations for the field informed by our systematic review, synthesizing evidence, and expert opinion. Finally, we identify major challenges for the field and highlight areas for future research and investment to support wider implementation of precision diagnostics for monogenic diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinki Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland Diabetes Centre, Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, Te Tokai Tumai, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kevin Colclough
- Exeter Genomics Laboratory, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Toni I Pollin
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer M Ikle
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pernille Svalastoga
- Children and Youth Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kristin A Maloney
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cécile Saint-Martin
- Department of Medical Genetics, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Janne Molnes
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Shivani Misra
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ingvild Aukrust
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - aiElisa de Franco
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sarah E Flanagan
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Pål R Njølstad
- Children and Youth Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Liana K Billings
- Division of Endocrinology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Skokie, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Katharine R Owen
- Oxford Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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23
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Marre M. Facing the evidences with type 2 diabetes: Contemporary challenges. Presse Med 2023; 52:104179. [PMID: 37802242 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2023.104179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Marre
- Clinique Ambroise Paré, Diabétologie-Endocrinologie, 92200 Neuilly-sur-Seine, France; Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM 1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France.
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