1
|
Zhou Y, Huang X, Jin Y, Qiu M, Ambe PC, Basharat Z, Hong W. The role of mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns in acute pancreatitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116690. [PMID: 38718519 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tract diseases with significant morbidity and mortality. Current treatments remain unspecific and supportive due to the severity and clinical course of AP, which can fluctuate rapidly and unpredictably. Mitochondria, cellular power plant to produce energy, are involved in a variety of physiological or pathological activities in human body. There is a growing evidence indicating that mitochondria damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) play an important role in pathogenesis and progression of AP. With the pro-inflammatory properties, released mtDAMPs may damage pancreatic cells by binding with receptors, activating downstream molecules and releasing inflammatory factors. This review focuses on the possible interaction between AP and mtDAMPs, which include cytochrome c (Cyt c), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), cardiolipin (CL), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and succinate, with focus on experimental research and potential therapeutic targets in clinical practice. Preventing or diminishing the release of mtDAMPs or targeting the mtDAMPs receptors might have a role in AP progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinglu Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Minhao Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Peter C Ambe
- Department of General Surgery, Visceral Surgery and Coloproctology, Vinzenz-Pallotti-Hospital Bensberg, Vinzenz-Pallotti-Str. 20-24, Bensberg 51429, Germany
| | | | - Wandong Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang T, Tang W, Zhu X, Lv Z, Chen J, Li Y, Sun X, Lv H, Gu Q, Li F, Wang J. Molecular activation and G protein coupling selectivity of human succinate receptor SUCR1. Cell Res 2024:10.1038/s41422-024-00968-7. [PMID: 38744983 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-024-00968-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tianxin Wang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqin Tang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Lv
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayan Chen
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongze Li
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haoyu Lv
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quanchang Gu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fahui Li
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiangyun Wang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang X, Wang T, Wang L, Sun Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Y. Two-point immobilization of M3 muscarinic receptor: a method for recognizing receptor antagonists in natural products. BMC Chem 2024; 18:94. [PMID: 38702791 PMCID: PMC11069257 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01198-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In the investigation of active ingredients from natural products, current technologies relying on drug-target affinity recognition analysis face significant challenges. This is primarily due to their limited specificity and inability to provide downstream pharmacodynamic information, such as agonistic or antagonistic activity. In this study, a two-point method was developed by immobilizing M3 acetylcholine receptor (M3R) through the combination of the conformation-specific peptide BJ-PRO-13a and the HaloTag trap system. We systematically assessed the specificity of the immobilized M3R using known M3R antagonists (pirenzepine and atropine) and agonists (cevimeline and pilocarpine). By frontal analysis and nonlinear chromatography, the performance of immobilized M3R was evaluated in terms of binding kinetics and thermodynamics of four drugs to the immobilized M3R. Additionally, we successfully identified two M3R antagonists within an extract from Daturae Flos (DF), specifically hyoscyamine and scopolamine. Our findings demonstrate that this immobilization method effectively captures receptor-ligand binding interactions and can discern receptor agonists from antagonists. This innovation enhances the efficiency of receptor chromatography to determine binding-affinity in the development of new drugs, offering promise for the screening and characterization of active compounds, particularly within complex natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Ludan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yantao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Ziru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yajun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang X, Lyu D, Li S, Xiao H, Qiu Y, Xu K, Chen N, Deng L, Huang H, Wu R. Discovery of a SUCNR1 antagonist for potential treatment of diabetic nephropathy: In silico and in vitro studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131898. [PMID: 38677680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most severe complications of diabetes mellitus. Succinate Receptor 1 (SUCNR1), a member of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, represents a potential target for treatment of DN. Here, utilizing multi-strategy in silico virtual screening methods containing AlphaFold2 modelling, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, ligand-based pharmacophore screening, molecular docking and machine learning-based similarity clustering, we successfully identified a novel antagonist of SUCNR1, AK-968/12117473 (Cpd3). Through extensive in vitro experiments, including dual-luciferase reporter assay, cellular thermal shift assay, immunofluorescence, and western blotting, we substantiated that Cpd3 could specifically target SUCNR1, inhibit the activation of NF-κB pathway, and ameliorate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) under high glucose conditions. Further in silico simulations revealed the molecular basis of the SUCNR1-Cpd3 interaction, and the in vitro metabolic stability assay indicated favorable drug-like pharmacokinetic properties of Cpd3. This work not only successfully pinpointed Cpd3 as a specific antagonist of SUCNR1 to serve as a promising candidate in the realm of therapeutic interventions for DN, but also provides a paradigm of dry-wet combined discovery strategies for GPCR-based therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuting Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510801, China
| | - Dongxin Lyu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiming Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yufan Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kangwei Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Nianhang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Deng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Heqing Huang
- Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510801, China.
| | - Ruibo Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang C, Du Z, Gao Y, Lim KS, Zhou W, Huang H, He H, Xiao J, Xu D, Li Q. Methionine secreted by tumor-associated pericytes supports cancer stem cells in clear cell renal carcinoma. Cell Metab 2024; 36:778-792.e10. [PMID: 38378000 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Here, we identify a subset of vascular pericytes, defined by expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFR-β) and G-protein-coupled receptor 91 (GPR91), that promote tumorigenesis and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) resistance by functioning as the primary methionine source for cancer stem cells (CSCs) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Tumor-cell-derived succinate binds to GPR91 on pericyte to activate autophagy for methionine production. CSCs use methionine to create stabilizing N6-methyladenosine in ATPase-family-AAA-domain-containing 2 (ATAD2) mRNA, and the resulting ATAD2 protein complexes with SRY-box transcription factor 9 to assemble super enhancers and thereby dictate its target genes that feature prominently in CSCs. Targeting PDGFR-β+GPR91+ pericytes with specific GRP91 antagonists reduce intratumoral methionine level, eliminate CSCs, and enhance TKIs sensitivity. These results unraveled the mechanisms by which PDGFR-β+GPR91+ pericytes provide supportive niche for CSCs and could be used to develop targets for treating ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- ChuanJie Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - ZunGuo Du
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Pathology, HuaShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Kiat Shenq Lim
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - WenJie Zhou
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - HongChao He
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - DanFeng Xu
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - QingQuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shenol A, Lückmann M, Trauelsen M, Lambrughi M, Tiberti M, Papaleo E, Frimurer TM, Schwartz TW. Molecular dynamics-based identification of binding pathways and two distinct high-affinity sites for succinate in succinate receptor 1/GPR91. Mol Cell 2024; 84:955-966.e4. [PMID: 38325379 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2024.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
SUCNR1 is an auto- and paracrine sensor of the metabolic stress signal succinate. Using unsupervised molecular dynamics (MD) simulations (170.400 ns) and mutagenesis across human, mouse, and rat SUCNR1, we characterize how a five-arginine motif around the extracellular pole of TM-VI determines the initial capture of succinate in the extracellular vestibule (ECV) to either stay or move down to the orthosteric site. Metadynamics demonstrate low-energy succinate binding in both sites, with an energy barrier corresponding to an intermediate stage during which succinate, with an associated water cluster, unlocks the hydrogen-bond-stabilized conformationally constrained extracellular loop (ECL)-2b. Importantly, simultaneous binding of two succinate molecules through either a "sequential" or "bypassing" mode is a frequent endpoint. The mono-carboxylate NF-56-EJ40 antagonist enters SUCNR1 between TM-I and -II and does not unlock ECL-2b. It is proposed that occupancy of both high-affinity sites is required for selective activation of SUCNR1 by high local succinate concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aslihan Shenol
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Lückmann
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Trauelsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matteo Lambrughi
- Cancer Structural Biology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matteo Tiberti
- Cancer Structural Biology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elena Papaleo
- Cancer Structural Biology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Cancer Systems Biology, Section for Bioinformatics, Department of Health and Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas M Frimurer
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thue W Schwartz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fernández-Veledo S, Marsal-Beltran A, Vendrell J. Type 2 diabetes and succinate: unmasking an age-old molecule. Diabetologia 2024; 67:430-442. [PMID: 38182909 PMCID: PMC10844351 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-06063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Beyond their conventional roles in intracellular energy production, some traditional metabolites also function as extracellular messengers that activate cell-surface G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) akin to hormones and neurotransmitters. These signalling metabolites, often derived from nutrients, the gut microbiota or the host's intermediary metabolism, are now acknowledged as key regulators of various metabolic and immune responses. This review delves into the multi-dimensional aspects of succinate, a dual metabolite with roots in both the mitochondria and microbiome. It also connects the dots between succinate's role in the Krebs cycle, mitochondrial respiration, and its double-edge function as a signalling transmitter within and outside the cell. We aim to provide an overview of the role of the succinate-succinate receptor 1 (SUCNR1) axis in diabetes, discussing the potential use of succinate as a biomarker and the novel prospect of targeting SUCNR1 to manage complications associated with diabetes. We further propose strategies to manipulate the succinate-SUCNR1 axis for better diabetes management; this includes pharmacological modulation of SUCNR1 and innovative approaches to manage succinate concentrations, such as succinate administration and indirect strategies, like microbiota modulation. The dual nature of succinate, both in terms of origins and roles, offers a rich landscape for understanding the intricate connections within metabolic diseases, like diabetes, and indicates promising pathways for developing new therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV)-CERCA, Tarragona, Spain.
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili (URV), Reus, Spain.
| | - Anna Marsal-Beltran
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV)-CERCA, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili (URV), Reus, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV)-CERCA, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili (URV), Reus, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jin C, Chen H, Xie L, Zhou Y, Liu LL, Wu J. GPCRs involved in metabolic diseases: pharmacotherapeutic development updates. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-023-01215-2. [PMID: 38326623 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are expressed in a variety of cell types and tissues, and activation of GPCRs is involved in enormous metabolic pathways, including nutrient synthesis, transportation, storage or insulin sensitivity, etc. This review intends to summarize the regulation of metabolic homeostasis and mechanisms by a series of GPCRs, such as GPR91, GPR55, GPR119, GPR109a, GPR142, GPR40, GPR41, GPR43 and GPR120. With deep understanding of GPCR's structure and signaling pathways, it is attempting to uncover the role of GPCRs in major metabolic diseases, including metabolic syndrome, diabetes, dyslipidemia and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, for which the global prevalence has risen during last two decades. An extensive list of agonists and antagonists with their chemical structures in a nature of small molecular compounds for above-mentioned GPCRs is provided as pharmacologic candidates, and their preliminary data of preclinical studies are discussed. Moreover, their beneficial effects in correcting abnormalities of metabolic syndrome, diabetes and dyslipidemia are summarized when clinical trials have been undertaken. Thus, accumulating data suggest that these agonists or antagonists might become as new pharmacotherapeutic candidates for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Jin
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
- College of Clinical Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li-Li Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang X, Zhang W, Wang L, Zhao Y, Wei W. Metabolite-sensing GPCRs in rheumatoid arthritis. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2024; 45:118-133. [PMID: 38182481 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Persistent inflammation in damaged joints results in metabolic dysregulation of the synovial microenvironment, causing pathogenic alteration of cell activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recently, the role of metabolite and metabolite-sensing G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the RA-related inflammatory immune response (IIR) has become a focus of research attention. These GPCRs participate in the progression of RA by modulating immune cell activation, migration, and inflammatory responses. Here, we discuss recent evidence implicating metabolic dysregulation in RA pathogenesis, focusing on the connection between RA-related IIR and GPCR signals originating from the synovial joint and gut. Furthermore, we discuss future directions for targeting metabolite-sensing GPCRs for therapeutic benefit, emphasizing the importance of identifying endogenous ligands and investigating the various transduction mechanisms involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wankang Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Luping Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pu M, Zhang J, Hong F, Wang Y, Zhang C, Zeng Y, Fang Z, Qi W, Yang X, Gao G, Zhou T. The pathogenic role of succinate-SUCNR1: a critical function that induces renal fibrosis via M2 macrophage. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:78. [PMID: 38291510 PMCID: PMC10826041 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01481-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal fibrosis significantly contributes to the progressive loss of kidney function in chronic kidney disease (CKD), with alternatively activated M2 macrophages playing a crucial role in this progression. The serum succinate level is consistently elevated in individuals with diabetes and obesity, both of which are critical factors contributing to CKD. However, it remains unclear whether elevated succinate levels can mediate M2 polarization of macrophages and contribute to renal interstitial fibrosis. METHODS Male C57/BL6 mice were administered water supplemented with 4% succinate for 12 weeks to assess its impact on renal interstitial fibrosis. Additionally, the significance of macrophages was confirmed in vivo by using clodronate liposomes to deplete them. Furthermore, we employed RAW 264.7 and NRK-49F cells to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS Succinate caused renal interstitial macrophage infiltration, activation of profibrotic M2 phenotype, upregulation of profibrotic factors, and interstitial fibrosis. Treatment of clodronate liposomes markedly depleted macrophages and prevented the succinate-induced increase in profibrotic factors and fibrosis. Mechanically, succinate promoted CTGF transcription via triggering SUCNR1-p-Akt/p-GSK3β/β-catenin signaling, which was inhibited by SUCNR1 siRNA. The knockdown of succinate receptor (SUCNR1) or pretreatment of anti-CTGF(connective tissue growth factor) antibody suppressed the stimulating effects of succinate on RAW 264.7 and NRK-49F cells. CONCLUSIONS The causative effects of succinate on renal interstitial fibrosis were mediated by the activation of profibrotic M2 macrophages. Succinate-SUCNR1 played a role in activating p-Akt/p-GSK3β/β-catenin, CTGF expression, and facilitating crosstalk between macrophages and fibroblasts. Our findings suggest a promising strategy to prevent the progression of metabolic CKD by promoting the excretion of succinate in urine and/or using selective antagonists for SUCNR1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Pu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound, Molecular Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuyan Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengwei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongcheng Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Gene Manipulation and Biomacromolecular Products, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Gene Manipulation and Biomacromolecular Products, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- China Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoquan Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Program of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Gene Manipulation and Biomacromolecular Products, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ti Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Gene Manipulation and Biomacromolecular Products, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- China Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Singh V, West G, Fiocchi C, Good CE, Katz J, Jacobs MR, Dichosa AEK, Flask C, Wesolowski M, McColl C, Grubb B, Ahmed S, Bank NC, Thamma K, Bederman I, Erokwu B, Yang X, Sundrud MS, Menghini P, Basson AR, Ezeji J, Viswanath SE, Veloo A, Sykes DB, Cominelli F, Rodriguez-Palacios A. Clonal Parabacteroides from Gut Microfistulous Tracts as Transmissible Cytotoxic Succinate-Commensal Model of Crohn's Disease Complications. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.09.574896. [PMID: 38260564 PMCID: PMC10802508 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.09.574896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) has been traditionally viewed as a chronic inflammatory disease that cause gut wall thickening and complications, including fistulas, by mechanisms not understood. By focusing on Parabacteroides distasonis (presumed modern succinate-producing commensal probiotic), recovered from intestinal microfistulous tracts (cavernous fistulous micropathologies CavFT proposed as intermediate between 'mucosal fissures' and 'fistulas') in two patients that required surgery to remove CD-damaged ilea, we demonstrate that such isolates exert pathogenic/pathobiont roles in mouse models of CD. Our isolates are clonally-related; potentially emerging as transmissible in the community and mice; proinflammatory and adapted to the ileum of germ-free mice prone to CD-like ileitis (SAMP1/YitFc) but not healthy mice (C57BL/6J), and cytotoxic/ATP-depleting to HoxB8-immortalized bone marrow derived myeloid cells from SAMP1/YitFc mice when concurrently exposed to succinate and extracts from CavFT-derived E. coli , but not to cells from healthy mice. With unique genomic features supporting recent genetic exchange with Bacteroides fragilis -BGF539, evidence of international presence in primarily human metagenome databases, these CavFT Pdis isolates could represent to a new opportunistic Parabacteroides species, or subspecies (' cavitamuralis' ) adapted to microfistulous niches in CD.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang J, Wu J, Shi X, Li D, Yang S, Zhang R, Xia B, Yang G. A Propolis-Derived Small Molecule Tectochrysin Ameliorates Type 2 Diabetes in Mice by Activating Insulin Receptor β. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300283. [PMID: 37888838 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Propolis has been found to decrease glucose levels and increase insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. However, the active ingredient responsible for these effects and its regulating mechanism are not fully understood. METHODS AND RESULTS To address this, molecular docking screening is used to screen the effective hypoglycemic ingredient in propolis and found that tectochrysin (TEC) has a high affinity to the insulin receptor (IR), highlighting its potential for glycemic control. In vivo tests show that TEC decreases glucose levels and enhances insulin sensitivity in db/db mice. By hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp test, this study further finds that TEC promotes glucose uptake in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, as well as inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis. Moreover, it finds that TEC promotes glucose uptake and adipocytes differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells like insulin, suggesting that TEC exerts an insulin mimetic effect. Mechanistically, pharmacology inhibition of IRβ abolishes the effects of TEC on glucose uptake and the phosphorylation of IR. The study further demonstrates that TEC binds to and activates IRβ by targeting its E1077 and M1079. CONCLUSION Therefore, this study sheds light on the mechanism underlying propolis' potential for ameliorating type 2 diabetes, offering a natural food-derived compound as a promising therapeutic option.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jiangwei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaochen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Defu Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shizhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ruixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Bo Xia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Gongshe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li H, Tan H, Liu Z, Pan S, Tan S, Zhu Y, Wang Q, Su G, Zhou C, Cao Q, Yang P. Succinic acid exacerbates experimental autoimmune uveitis by stimulating neutrophil extracellular traps formation via SUCNR1 receptor. Br J Ophthalmol 2023; 107:1744-1749. [PMID: 35346946 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-320880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the effect of succinic acid on the development of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) and the underlying mechanism. METHODS Succinic acid was administrated intraperitoneally to evaluate its effects on immune response and EAU in mice. Intraocular inflammation was evaluated by histopathological scoring. Frequencies of Th1/Th17 cells were measured by flow cytometry. Concentrations of IFN-γ/IL-17A, neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent test. Infiltration of neutrophils and generation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) within the eye were assessed by immumofluorescence. NETs formation in extracellular matrix was visualised by laser scanning confocal microscopy. Succinate receptor (SUCNR1) antagonist was used to investigate its effect on the generation of NETs. RESULTS Intraperitoneal injection of succinic acid exacerbated EAU severity as evidenced by severe histological changes in association with elevated frequencies of splenic Th1/Th17 cells, and upregulated levels of IFN-γ/IL-17A and NETs in plasma. In vitro experiments showed that succinic acid could promote the generation of NETs by neutrophils as shown by increased expression of NE and MPO.NETs could increase the frequencies of Th1/Th17 cells in CD4+ T cells and their expression of IFN-γ/IL-17A. In the experiment of receptor antagonism, the upregulatory effect of succinic acid on NETs could be significantly blocked by SUCNR1 antagonist. CONCLUSIONS Succinic acid could worsen EAU induced by IRBP in mice. This effect was possibly mediated by its upregulation on NETs generation and frequencies of Th1/Th17 cells in affiliation with increased production of IFN-γ/IL-17A through succinic acid-SUCNR1 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxi Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Handan Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhangluxi Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Su Pan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiyao Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunyun Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingfeng Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guannan Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunjiang Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingfeng Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peizeng Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang W, Lang R. Succinate metabolism: a promising therapeutic target for inflammation, ischemia/reperfusion injury and cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1266973. [PMID: 37808079 PMCID: PMC10556696 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1266973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Succinate serves as an essential circulating metabolite within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and functions as a substrate for succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), thereby contributing to energy production in fundamental mitochondrial metabolic pathways. Aberrant changes in succinate concentrations have been associated with pathological states, including chronic inflammation, ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury, and cancer, resulting from the exaggerated response of specific immune cells, thereby rendering it a central area of investigation. Recent studies have elucidated the pivotal involvement of succinate and SDH in immunity beyond metabolic processes, particularly in the context of cancer. Current scientific endeavors are concentrated on comprehending the functional repercussions of metabolic modifications, specifically pertaining to succinate and SDH, in immune cells operating within a hypoxic milieu. The efficacy of targeting succinate and SDH alterations to manipulate immune cell functions in hypoxia-related diseases have been demonstrated. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of succinate's role in metabolism and the regulation of SDH is crucial for effectively targeting succinate and SDH as therapeutic interventions to influence the progression of specific diseases. This review provides a succinct overview of the latest advancements in comprehending the emerging functions of succinate and SDH in metabolic processes. Furthermore, it explores the involvement of succinate, an intermediary of the TCA cycle, in chronic inflammation, IR injury, and cancer, with particular emphasis on the mechanisms underlying succinate accumulation. This review critically assesses the potential of modulating succinate accumulation and metabolism within the hypoxic milieu as a means to combat various diseases. It explores potential targets for therapeutic interventions by focusing on succinate metabolism and the regulation of SDH in hypoxia-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ren Lang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Suzuki S, Tanaka K, Nishikawa K, Suzuki H, Oshima A, Fujiyoshi Y. Structural basis of hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor signaling mechanisms through ligand binding. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5899. [PMID: 37736747 PMCID: PMC10516952 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors (HCA) are expressed in various tissues and immune cells. HCA2 and its agonist are thus important targets for treating inflammatory and metabolic disorders. Only limited information is available, however, on the active-state binding of HCAs with agonists. Here, we present cryo-EM structures of human HCA2-Gi and HCA3-Gi signaling complexes binding with multiple compounds bound. Agonists were revealed to form a salt bridge with arginine, which is conserved in the HCA family, to activate these receptors. Extracellular regions of the receptors form a lid-like structure that covers the ligand-binding pocket. Although transmembrane (TM) 6 in HCAs undergoes dynamic conformational changes, ligands do not directly interact with amino acids in TM6, suggesting that indirect signaling induces a slight shift in TM6 to activate Gi proteins. Structural analyses of agonist-bound HCA2 and HCA3 together with mutagenesis and molecular dynamics simulation provide molecular insights into HCA ligand recognition and activation mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shota Suzuki
- TMDU Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Tanaka
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute (CeSPI), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kouki Nishikawa
- Joint Research Course for Advanced Biomolecular Characterization, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- TMDU Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsunori Oshima
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute (CeSPI), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research, Gifu University Institute for Advanced Study, Gifu City, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiyoshi
- TMDU Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zupancic JM, Smith MD, Trzeciakiewicz H, Skinner ME, Ferris SP, Makowski EK, Lucas MJ, McArthur N, Kane RS, Paulson HL, Tessier PM. Quantitative flow cytometric selection of tau conformational nanobodies specific for pathological aggregates. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1164080. [PMID: 37622125 PMCID: PMC10445546 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1164080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-domain antibodies, also known as nanobodies, are broadly important for studying the structure and conformational states of several classes of proteins, including membrane proteins, enzymes, and amyloidogenic proteins. Conformational nanobodies specific for aggregated conformations of amyloidogenic proteins are particularly needed to better target and study aggregates associated with a growing class of associated diseases, especially neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. However, there are few reported nanobodies with both conformational and sequence specificity for amyloid aggregates, especially for large and complex proteins such as the tau protein associated with Alzheimer's disease, due to difficulties in selecting nanobodies that bind to complex aggregated proteins. Here, we report the selection of conformational nanobodies that selectively recognize aggregated (fibrillar) tau relative to soluble (monomeric) tau. Notably, we demonstrate that these nanobodies can be directly isolated from immune libraries using quantitative flow cytometric sorting of yeast-displayed libraries against tau aggregates conjugated to quantum dots, and this process eliminates the need for secondary nanobody screening. The isolated nanobodies demonstrate conformational specificity for tau aggregates in brain samples from both a transgenic mouse model and human tauopathies. We expect that our facile approach will be broadly useful for isolating conformational nanobodies against diverse amyloid aggregates and other complex antigens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Zupancic
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Matthew D. Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Hanna Trzeciakiewicz
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
| | - Mary E. Skinner
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sean P. Ferris
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Emily K. Makowski
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Michael J. Lucas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nikki McArthur
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ravi S. Kane
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Henry L. Paulson
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Protein Folding Disease Initiative, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Michigan Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Peter M. Tessier
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Protein Folding Disease Initiative, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Michigan Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Katsube S, Willibal K, Vemulapally S, Hariharan P, Tikhonova E, Pardon E, Kaback HR, Steyaert J, Guan L. In vivo and in vitro characterizations of melibiose permease (MelB) conformation-dependent nanobodies reveal sugar-binding mechanisms. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104967. [PMID: 37380079 PMCID: PMC10374971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium melibiose permease (MelBSt) is a prototype of the Na+-coupled major facilitator superfamily transporters, which are important for the cellular uptake of molecules including sugars and small drugs. Although the symport mechanisms have been well-studied, mechanisms of substrate binding and translocation remain enigmatic. We have previously determined the sugar-binding site of outward-facing MelBSt by crystallography. To obtain other key kinetic states, here we raised camelid single-domain nanobodies (Nbs) and carried out a screening against the WT MelBSt under 4 ligand conditions. We applied an in vivo cAMP-dependent two-hybrid assay to detect interactions of Nbs with MelBSt and melibiose transport assays to determine the effects on MelBSt functions. We found that all selected Nbs showed partial to complete inhibitions of MelBSt transport activities, confirming their intracellular interactions. A group of Nbs (714, 725, and 733) was purified, and isothermal titration calorimetry measurements showed that their binding affinities were significantly inhibited by the substrate melibiose. When titrating melibiose to the MelBSt/Nb complexes, Nb also inhibited the sugar-binding. However, the Nb733/MelBSt complex retained binding to the coupling cation Na+ and also to the regulatory enzyme EIIAGlc of the glucose-specific phosphoenolpyruvate/sugar phosphotransferase system. Further, EIIAGlc/MelBSt complex also retained binding to Nb733 and formed a stable supercomplex. All data indicated that MelBSt trapped by Nbs retained its physiological functions and the trapped conformation is similar to that bound by the physiological regulator EIIAGlc. Therefore, these conformational Nbs can be useful tools for further structural, functional, and conformational analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Katsube
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Katleen Willibal
- VIB Center for Structural Biology Research, VIB, Brussel, Belgium; Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Sangama Vemulapally
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Parameswaran Hariharan
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Elena Tikhonova
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Els Pardon
- VIB Center for Structural Biology Research, VIB, Brussel, Belgium; Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - H Ronald Kaback
- Department of Physiology and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jan Steyaert
- VIB Center for Structural Biology Research, VIB, Brussel, Belgium; Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Lan Guan
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Detraux D, Caruso M, Feller L, Fransolet M, Meurant S, Mathieu J, Arnould T, Renard P. A critical role for heme synthesis and succinate in the regulation of pluripotent states transitions. eLife 2023; 12:e78546. [PMID: 37428012 PMCID: PMC10425175 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Using embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in regenerative medicine or in disease modeling requires a complete understanding of these cells. Two main distinct developmental states of ESCs have been stabilized in vitro, a naïve pre-implantation stage and a primed post-implantation stage. Based on two recently published CRISPR-Cas9 knockout functional screens, we show here that the exit of the naïve state is impaired upon heme biosynthesis pathway blockade, linked in mESCs to the incapacity to activate MAPK- and TGFβ-dependent signaling pathways after succinate accumulation. In addition, heme synthesis inhibition promotes the acquisition of 2 cell-like cells in a heme-independent manner caused by a mitochondrial succinate accumulation and leakage out of the cell. We further demonstrate that extracellular succinate acts as a paracrine/autocrine signal, able to trigger the 2C-like reprogramming through the activation of its plasma membrane receptor, SUCNR1. Overall, this study unveils a new mechanism underlying the maintenance of pluripotency under the control of heme synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damien Detraux
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, BelgiumNamurBelgium
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Marino Caruso
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, BelgiumNamurBelgium
| | - Louise Feller
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, BelgiumNamurBelgium
| | - Maude Fransolet
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, BelgiumNamurBelgium
| | - Sébastien Meurant
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, BelgiumNamurBelgium
| | - Julie Mathieu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Thierry Arnould
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, BelgiumNamurBelgium
| | - Patricia Renard
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, BelgiumNamurBelgium
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wu KK. Extracellular Succinate: A Physiological Messenger and a Pathological Trigger. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11165. [PMID: 37446354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
When tissues are under physiological stresses, such as vigorous exercise and cold exposure, skeletal muscle cells secrete succinate into the extracellular space for adaptation and survival. By contrast, environmental toxins and injurious agents induce cellular secretion of succinate to damage tissues, trigger inflammation, and induce tissue fibrosis. Extracellular succinate induces cellular changes and tissue adaptation or damage by ligating cell surface succinate receptor-1 (SUCNR-1) and activating downstream signaling pathways and transcriptional programs. Since SUCNR-1 mediates not only pathological processes but also physiological functions, targeting it for drug development is hampered by incomplete knowledge about the characteristics of its physiological vs. pathological actions. This review summarizes the current status of extracellular succinate in health and disease and discusses the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K Wu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen S, Fan F, Zhang Y, Zeng J, Li Y, Xu N, Zhang Y, Meng XL, Lin JM. Metabolites from scutellarin alleviating deferoxamine-induced hypoxia injury in BV2 cells cultured on microfluidic chip combined with a mass spectrometer. Talanta 2023; 259:124478. [PMID: 36989966 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The changes of metabolites of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in cells under hypoxia play a key role in drug screening. In order to dynamically monitor the drug metabolism changes of Scutellarin in the hypoxia environment induced by deferoxamine (DFO), a microfluidic-chip mass spectrometry method was used to study the real-time monitoring of drug metabolism changes under hypoxia conditions. This system has six drug-loading units, cell culture chamber, metabolite collection, filtration, HPLC separation and mass spectrometer. The cells in each microchannel were incubated with continuous flow of culture medium, metabolites will be collected by the fixed card slot, automatic sampling needle will be precise positioned and sampled. Through this new system combined with molecular biological methods, the changes of metabolites in TCA cycle of BV2 cells and drug metabolism of Scutellarin can be determined in real-time. In general, we illustrated a new mechanism of Scutellarin for reducing BV2 cell hypoxia injury and presented a novel analysis strategy that opened a way for real-time online monitoring of the energy metabolic mechanism of the effect of drugs on cells and further provided a superior strategy to screen natural drug candidates for hypoxia-related brain disease treatment.
Collapse
|
21
|
Marsal-Beltran A, Rodríguez-Castellano A, Astiarraga B, Calvo E, Rada P, Madeira A, Rodríguez-Peña MM, Llauradó G, Núñez-Roa C, Gómez-Santos B, Maymó-Masip E, Bosch R, Frutos MD, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Ramos-Molina B, Aspichueta P, Joven J, Fernández-Real JM, Quer JC, Valverde ÁM, Pardo A, Vendrell J, Ceperuelo-Mallafré V, Fernández-Veledo S. Protective effects of the succinate/SUCNR1 axis on damaged hepatocytes in NAFLD. Metabolism 2023:155630. [PMID: 37315889 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Succinate and succinate receptor 1 (SUCNR1) are linked to fibrotic remodeling in models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but whether they have roles beyond the activation of hepatic stellate cells remains unexplored. We investigated the succinate/SUCNR1 axis in the context of NAFLD specifically in hepatocytes. METHODS We studied the phenotype of wild-type and Sucnr1-/- mice fed a choline-deficient high-fat diet to induce non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and explored the function of SUCNR1 in murine primary hepatocytes and human HepG2 cells treated with palmitic acid. Lastly, plasma succinate and hepatic SUCNR1 expression were analyzed in four independent cohorts of patients in different NAFLD stages. RESULTS Sucnr1 was upregulated in murine liver and primary hepatocytes in response to diet-induced NASH. Sucnr1 deficiency provoked both beneficial (reduced fibrosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress) and detrimental (exacerbated steatosis and inflammation and reduced glycogen content) effects in the liver, and disrupted glucose homeostasis. Studies in vitro revealed that hepatocyte injury increased Sucnr1 expression, which when activated improved lipid and glycogen homeostasis in damaged hepatocytes. In humans, SUCNR1 expression was a good determinant of NAFLD progression to advanced stages. In a population at risk of NAFLD, circulating succinate was elevated in patients with a fatty liver index (FLI) ≥60. Indeed, succinate had good predictive value for steatosis diagnosed by FLI, and improved the prediction of moderate/severe steatosis through biopsy when added to an FLI algorithm. CONCLUSIONS We identify hepatocytes as target cells of extracellular succinate during NAFLD progression and uncover a hitherto unknown function for SUCNR1 as a regulator of hepatocyte glucose and lipid metabolism. Our clinical data highlight the potential of succinate and hepatic SUCNR1 expression as markers to diagnose fatty liver and NASH, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marsal-Beltran
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Adrià Rodríguez-Castellano
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Brenno Astiarraga
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Calvo
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Rada
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Madeira
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - M-Mar Rodríguez-Peña
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Llauradó
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Catalina Núñez-Roa
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gómez-Santos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Elsa Maymó-Masip
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramon Bosch
- Department of Pathology, Oncological Pathology and Bioinformatics Research Group, Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta - IISPV, 43500 Tortosa, Spain
| | - María Dolores Frutos
- Department of General and Digestive System Surgery, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - José-María Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition and Insititut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Department of Medicine, University of Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad (CIBEROBN) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Patricia Aspichueta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD)- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Joven
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain; Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - José-Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition and Insititut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Department of Medicine, University of Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad (CIBEROBN) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Quer
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Ángela M Valverde
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Pardo
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Victòria Ceperuelo-Mallafré
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain.
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Iverson TM, Singh PK, Cecchini G. An evolving view of Complex II - non-canonical complexes, megacomplexes, respiration, signaling, and beyond. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104761. [PMID: 37119852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial Complex II is traditionally studied for its participation in two key respiratory processes: the electron transport chain and the Krebs cycle. There is now a rich body of literature explaining how Complex II contributes to respiration. However, more recent research shows that not all of the pathologies associated with altered Complex II activity clearly correlate with this respiratory role. Complex II activity has now been shown to be necessary for a range of biological processes peripherally-related to respiration, including metabolic control, inflammation, and cell fate. Integration of findings from multiple types of studies suggests that Complex II both participates in respiration and controls multiple succinate-dependent signal transduction pathways. Thus, the emerging view is that the true biological function of Complex II is well beyond respiration. This review uses a semi-chronological approach to highlight major paradigm shifts that occurred over time. Special emphasis is given to the more recently identified functions of Complex II and its subunits because these findings have infused new directions into an established field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T M Iverson
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232; Departments of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232; Departments of Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232.
| | - Prashant K Singh
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232; Departments of Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Gary Cecchini
- Molecular Biology Division, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121; Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abdelmoez AM, Dmytriyeva O, Zurke YX, Trauelsen M, Marica AA, Savikj M, Smith JAB, Monaco C, Schwartz TW, Krook A, Pillon NJ. Cell selectivity in succinate receptor SUCNR1/GPR91 signaling in skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 324:E289-E298. [PMID: 36812387 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00009.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Succinate is released by skeletal muscle during exercise and activates SUCNR1/GPR91. Signaling of SUCNR1 is involved in metabolite-sensing paracrine communication in skeletal muscle during exercise. However, the specific cell types responding to succinate and the directionality of communication are unclear. We aim to characterize the expression of SUCNR1 in human skeletal muscle. De novo analysis of transcriptomic datasets demonstrated that SUCNR1 mRNA is expressed in immune, adipose, and liver tissues, but scarce in skeletal muscle. In human tissues, SUCNR1 mRNA was associated with macrophage markers. Single-cell RNA sequencing and fluorescent RNAscope demonstrated that in human skeletal muscle, SUCNR1 mRNA is not expressed in muscle fibers but coincided with macrophage populations. Human M2-polarized macrophages exhibit high levels of SUCNR1 mRNA and stimulation with selective agonists of SUCNR1 triggered Gq- and Gi-coupled signaling. Primary human skeletal muscle cells were unresponsive to SUCNR1 agonists. In conclusion, SUCNR1 is not expressed in muscle cells and its role in the adaptive response of skeletal muscle to exercise is most likely mediated via paracrine mechanisms involving M2-like macrophages within the muscle.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Macrophages but not skeletal muscle cells respond to extracellular succinate via SUCNR1/GPR91.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Abdelmoez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oksana Dmytriyeva
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yasemin-Xiomara Zurke
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mette Trauelsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alesandra A Marica
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mladen Savikj
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathon A B Smith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claudia Monaco
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Thue W Schwartz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Krook
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicolas J Pillon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Skulachev VP, Vyssokikh MY, Chernyak BV, Averina OA, Andreev-Andrievskiy AA, Zinovkin RA, Lyamzaev KG, Marey MV, Egorov MV, Frolova OJ, Zorov DB, Skulachev MV, Sadovnichii VA. Mitochondrion-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 prevents rapid animal death caused by highly diverse shocks. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4326. [PMID: 36922552 PMCID: PMC10017827 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31281-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The response to stress involves the activation of pathways leading either to protection from the stress origin, eventually resulting in development of stress resistance, or activation of the rapid death of the organism. Here we hypothesize that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) play a key role in stress-induced programmed death of the organism, which we called "phenoptosis" in 1997. We demonstrate that the synthetic mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 (which specifically abolishes mtROS) prevents rapid death of mice caused by four mechanistically very different shocks: (a) bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) shock, (b) shock in response to intravenous mitochondrial injection, (c) cold shock, and (d) toxic shock caused by the penetrating cation C12TPP. Importantly, under all these stresses mortality was associated with a strong elevation of the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and administration of SkQ1 was able to switch off the cytokine storms. Since the main effect of SkQ1 is the neutralization of mtROS, this study provides evidence for the role of mtROS in the activation of innate immune responses mediating stress-induced death of the organism. We propose that SkQ1 may be used clinically to support patients in critical conditions, such as septic shock, extensive trauma, cooling, and severe infection by bacteria or viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V P Skulachev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
| | - M Yu Vyssokikh
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
| | - B V Chernyak
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991. .,Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
| | - O A Averina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991.,Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - A A Andreev-Andrievskiy
- Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991.,Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - R A Zinovkin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991.,Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - K G Lyamzaev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991.,Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - M V Marey
- Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russia, 117198
| | - M V Egorov
- Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - O J Frolova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991.,Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - D B Zorov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - M V Skulachev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - V A Sadovnichii
- Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pu M, Zhang J, Zeng Y, Hong F, Qi W, Yang X, Gao G, Zhou T. Succinate-SUCNR1 induces renal tubular cell apoptosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C467-C476. [PMID: 36622070 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00327.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Succinate has long been known to be only an intermediate product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle until identified as a natural ligand for SUCNR1 in 2004. SUCNR1 is widely expressed throughout the body, especially in the kidney. Abnormally elevated succinate is associated with many diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and ischemia injury, but it is not known whether succinate can cause kidney damage. This study showed that succinate induced apparent renal injury after treatment for 12 wk, characterized by a reduction in 24 h urine and the significant detachment of the brush border of proximal tubular epithelial cells, tubular dilation, cast formation, and vacuolar degeneration of tubular cells in succinate-treated mice. Besides, succinate caused tubular epithelial cell apoptosis in kidneys and HK-2 cells. Mechanistically, succinate triggered cell apoptosis via SUCNR1 activation. In addition, succinate upregulated ERK by binding to SUCNR1, and inhibition of ERK using PD98059 abolished the proapoptotic effects of succinate in HK-2 cells. In summary, our study provides the first evidence that succinate acts as a risk factor and contributes to renal injury, and further research is required to discern the pathological effects of succinate on renal functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Pu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Program of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongcheng Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuyan Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Program of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Program of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoquan Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Program of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Gene Manipulation and Biomacromolecular Products, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ti Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,China Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Dmitrieva DA, Kotova TV, Safronova NA, Sadova AA, Dashevskii DE, Mishin AV. Protein Design Strategies for the Structural–Functional Studies of G Protein-Coupled Receptors. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2023; 88:S192-S226. [PMID: 37069121 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923140110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are an important family of membrane proteins responsible for many physiological functions in human body. High resolution GPCR structures are required to understand their molecular mechanisms and perform rational drug design, as GPCRs play a crucial role in a variety of diseases. That is difficult to obtain for the wild-type proteins because of their low stability. In this review, we discuss how this problem can be solved by using protein design strategies developed to obtain homogeneous stabilized GPCR samples for crystallization and cryoelectron microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daria A Dmitrieva
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Kotova
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Nadezda A Safronova
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Alexandra A Sadova
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Dmitrii E Dashevskii
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Alexey V Mishin
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Atallah R, Olschewski A, Heinemann A. Succinate at the Crossroad of Metabolism and Angiogenesis: Roles of SDH, HIF1α and SUCNR1. Biomedicines 2022; 10:3089. [PMID: 36551845 PMCID: PMC9775124 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an essential process by which new blood vessels develop from existing ones. While adequate angiogenesis is a physiological process during, for example, tissue repair, insufficient and excessive angiogenesis stands on the pathological side. Fine balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors in the tissue environment regulates angiogenesis. Identification of these factors and how they function is a pressing topic to develop angiogenesis-targeted therapeutics. During the last decade, exciting data highlighted non-metabolic functions of intermediates of the mitochondrial Krebs cycle including succinate. Among these functions is the contribution of succinate to angiogenesis in various contexts and through different mechanisms. As the concept of targeting metabolism to treat a wide range of diseases is rising, in this review we summarize the mechanisms by which succinate regulates angiogenesis in normal and pathological settings. Gaining a comprehensive insight into how this metabolite functions as an angiogenic signal will provide a useful approach to understand diseases with aberrant or excessive angiogenic background, and may provide strategies to tackle them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reham Atallah
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Akos Heinemann
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells sense succinate to stimulate myoepithelial cell contraction. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2221-2236.e5. [PMID: 36108628 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) are rare airway cells with potential sensory capacity linked to vagal neurons and immune cells. How PNECs sense and respond to external stimuli remains poorly understood. We discovered PNECs located within pig and human submucosal glands, a tissue that produces much of the mucus that defends the lung. These PNECs sense succinate, an inflammatory molecule in liquid lining the airway surface. The results indicate that succinate migrates down the submucosal gland duct to the acinus, where it triggers apical succinate receptors, causing PNECs to release ATP. The short-range ATP signal stimulates the contraction of myoepithelial cells wrapped tightly around the submucosal glands. Succinate-triggered gland contraction may complement the action of neurotransmitters that induce mucus release but not gland contraction to promote mucus ejection onto the airway surface. These findings identify a local circuit in which rare PNECs within submucosal glands sense an environmental cue to orchestrate the function of airway glands.
Collapse
|
29
|
Tang X, Rönnberg E, Säfholm J, Thulasingam M, Trauelsen M, Schwartz TW, Wheelock CE, Dahlén S, Nilsson G, Haeggström JZ. Activation of succinate receptor 1 boosts human mast cell reactivity and allergic bronchoconstriction. Allergy 2022; 77:2677-2687. [PMID: 35122266 PMCID: PMC9545225 DOI: 10.1111/all.15245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SUCNR1 is a sensor of extracellular succinate, a Krebs cycle intermediate generated in excess during oxidative stress and has been linked to metabolic regulation and inflammation. While mast cells express SUCNR1, its role in mast cell reactivity and allergic conditions such as asthma remains to be elucidated. METHODS Cord blood-derived mast cells and human mast cell line LAD-2 challenged by SUCNR1 ligands were analyzed for the activation and mediator release. Effects on mast cell-dependent bronchoconstriction were assessed in guinea pig trachea and isolated human small bronchi challenged with antigen and anti-IgE, respectively. RESULTS SUCNR1 is abundantly expressed on human mast cells. Challenge with succinate, or the synthetic non-metabolite agonist cis-epoxysuccinate, renders mast cells hypersensitive to IgE-dependent activation, resulting in augmented degranulation and histamine release, de novo biosynthesis of eicosanoids and cytokine secretion. The succinate-potentiated mast cell reactivity was attenuated by SUCNR1 knockdown and selective SUCNR1 antagonists and could be tuned by pharmacologically targeting protein kinase C and extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Both succinate and cis-epoxysuccinate dose-dependently potentiated antigen-induced contraction in a mast cell-dependent guinea pig airway model, associated with increased generation of cysteinyl-leukotrienes and histamine in trachea. Similarly, cis-epoxysuccinate aggravated IgE-receptor-induced contraction of human bronchi, which was blocked by SUCNR1 antagonism. CONCLUSION SUCNR1 amplifies IgE-receptor-induced mast cell activation and allergic bronchoconstriction, suggesting a role for this pathway in aggravation of allergic asthma, thus linking metabolic perturbations to mast cell-dependent inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Tang
- Division of Physiological Chemistry IIDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Elin Rönnberg
- Division of Immunology and AllergyDepartment of Medicine SolnaKarolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University HospitalSolnaSweden
| | - Jesper Säfholm
- Unit of Experimental Asthma and Allergy ResearchInstitute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Madhuranayaki Thulasingam
- Division of Physiological Chemistry IIDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Mette Trauelsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic ResearchUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Thue W. Schwartz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic ResearchUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Craig E. Wheelock
- Division of Physiological Chemistry IIDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Sven‐Erik Dahlén
- Unit of Experimental Asthma and Allergy ResearchInstitute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden,Department of Respiratory MedicineKarolinska University Hospital HuddingeStockholmSweden
| | - Gunnar Nilsson
- Division of Immunology and AllergyDepartment of Medicine SolnaKarolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University HospitalSolnaSweden,Department of Medical SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Jesper Z. Haeggström
- Division of Physiological Chemistry IIDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tang X, Hou Y, Schwartz TW, Haeggström JZ. Metabolite G-protein coupled receptor signaling: Potential regulation of eicosanoids. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 204:115208. [PMID: 35963340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Eicosanoids are a family of bioactive compounds derived from arachidonic acid (AA) that play pivotal roles in physiology and disease, including inflammatory conditions of multiple organ systems. The biosynthesis of eicosanoids requires a series of catalytic steps that are controlled by designated enzymes, which can be regulated by inflammatory and stress signals via transcriptional and translational mechanisms. In the past decades, evidence have emerged indicating that G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) can sense extracellular metabolites, and regulate inflammatory responses including eicosanoid production. This review focuses on the recent advances of metabolite GPCRs research, their role in regulation of eicosanoid biosynthesis, and the link to pathophysiological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Tang
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Biomedicum 9A, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Yaolin Hou
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Biomedicum 9A, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thue W Schwartz
- Section for Metabolic Receptology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department for Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Z Haeggström
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Biomedicum 9A, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hu Y, Lin J, Wang Y, Wu S, Wu J, Lv H, Ji X, Muyldermans S, Zhang Y, Wang S. Identification of Serum Ferritin-Specific Nanobodies and Development towards a Diagnostic Immunoassay. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081080. [PMID: 36008974 PMCID: PMC9406126 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum ferritin (SF) is an iron-rich protein tightly connected with iron homeostasis, and the variations are frequently observed in diseased states, including iron-deficiency anemia, inflammation, liver disease, and tumors, which renders SF level an indicator of potential malignancies in clinical practice. Nanobodies (Nbs) have been widely explored and developed into theranostic reagents. Surprisingly, no reports stated the identification of anti-SF Nbs, nor the potential of such Nbs as a diagnostic tool. In this study, we generated SF-specific Nbs and provided novel clinical diagnostic approaches to develop an immunoassay. An immune library was constructed after immunizing an alpaca with SF, and five Nbs specifically targeting human SF were retrieved. The obtained Nbs exhibited robust properties including high stability, affinity, and specificity. Then, an ELISA-based test using a heterologous Nb-pair was developed. The calibration curve demonstrated a linear range of SF between 9.0 to 1100 ng/mL, and a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.01 ng/mL. The detecting recovery and coefficient variation (CV) were determined by spiking different concentrations of SF into the serum sample, to verify the successful application of our selected Nbs for SF monitoring. In general, this study generated SF-specific Nbs and demonstrated their potential as diagnostic immunoassay tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaozhong Hu
- Research Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Research Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Research Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Sihao Wu
- Research Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Research Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Huan Lv
- Research Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xuemeng Ji
- Research Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yan Zhang
- Research Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (S.W.); Tel.: +86-22-8535-8445 (S.W.)
| | - Shuo Wang
- Research Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (S.W.); Tel.: +86-22-8535-8445 (S.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Laeremans T, Sands ZA, Claes P, De Blieck A, De Cesco S, Triest S, Busch A, Felix D, Kumar A, Jaakola VP, Menet C. Accelerating GPCR Drug Discovery With Conformation-Stabilizing VHHs. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:863099. [PMID: 35677880 PMCID: PMC9170359 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.863099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The human genome encodes 850 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), half of which are considered potential drug targets. GPCRs transduce extracellular stimuli into a plethora of vital physiological processes. Consequently, GPCRs are an attractive drug target class. This is underlined by the fact that approximately 40% of marketed drugs modulate GPCRs. Intriguingly 60% of non-olfactory GPCRs have no drugs or candidates in clinical development, highlighting the continued potential of GPCRs as drug targets. The discovery of small molecules targeting these GPCRs by conventional high throughput screening (HTS) campaigns is challenging. Although the definition of success varies per company, the success rate of HTS for GPCRs is low compared to other target families (Fujioka and Omori, 2012; Dragovich et al., 2022). Beyond this, GPCR structure determination can be difficult, which often precludes the application of structure-based drug design approaches to arising HTS hits. GPCR structural studies entail the resource-demanding purification of native receptors, which can be challenging as they are inherently unstable when extracted from the lipid matrix. Moreover, GPCRs are flexible molecules that adopt distinct conformations, some of which need to be stabilized if they are to be structurally resolved. The complexity of targeting distinct therapeutically relevant GPCR conformations during the early discovery stages contributes to the high attrition rates for GPCR drug discovery programs. Multiple strategies have been explored in an attempt to stabilize GPCRs in distinct conformations to better understand their pharmacology. This review will focus on the use of camelid-derived immunoglobulin single variable domains (VHHs) that stabilize disease-relevant pharmacological states (termed ConfoBodies by the authors) of GPCRs, as well as GPCR:signal transducer complexes, to accelerate drug discovery. These VHHs are powerful tools for supporting in vitro screening, deconvolution of complex GPCR pharmacology, and structural biology purposes. In order to demonstrate the potential impact of ConfoBodies on translational research, examples are presented of their role in active state screening campaigns and structure-informed rational design to identify de novo chemical space and, subsequently, how such matter can be elaborated into more potent and selective drug candidates with intended pharmacology.
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang IW, López-Vicario C, Duran-Güell M, Clària J. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Advanced Liver Disease: Emerging Concepts. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:772174. [PMID: 34888354 PMCID: PMC8650317 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.772174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are entrusted with the challenging task of providing energy through the generation of ATP, the universal cellular currency, thereby being highly flexible to different acute and chronic nutrient demands of the cell. The fact that mitochondrial diseases (genetic disorders caused by mutations in the nuclear or mitochondrial genome) manifest through a remarkable clinical variation of symptoms in affected individuals underlines the far-reaching implications of mitochondrial dysfunction. The study of mitochondrial function in genetic or non-genetic diseases therefore requires a multi-angled approach. Taking into account that the liver is among the organs richest in mitochondria, it stands to reason that in the process of unravelling the pathogenesis of liver-related diseases, researchers give special focus to characterizing mitochondrial function. However, mitochondrial dysfunction is not a uniformly defined term. It can refer to a decline in energy production, increase in reactive oxygen species and so forth. Therefore, any study on mitochondrial dysfunction first needs to define the dysfunction to be investigated. Here, we review the alterations of mitochondrial function in liver cirrhosis with emphasis on acutely decompensated liver cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), the latter being a form of acute decompensation characterized by a generalized state of systemic hyperinflammation/immunosuppression and high mortality rate. The studies that we discuss were either carried out in liver tissue itself of these patients, or in circulating leukocytes, whose mitochondrial alterations might reflect tissue and organ mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, we present different methodological approaches that can be of utility to address the diverse aspects of hepatocyte and leukocyte mitochondrial function in liver disease. They include assays to measure metabolic fluxes using the comparatively novel Biolog’s MitoPlates in a 96-well format as well as assessment of mitochondrial respiration by high-resolution respirometry using Oroboros’ O2k-technology and Agilent Seahorse XF technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid W Zhang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF Clif) and Grifols Chair, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina López-Vicario
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF Clif) and Grifols Chair, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Duran-Güell
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF Clif) and Grifols Chair, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Clària
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF Clif) and Grifols Chair, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bloch JS, Mukherjee S, Kowal J, Filippova EV, Niederer M, Pardon E, Steyaert J, Kossiakoff AA, Locher KP. Development of a universal nanobody-binding Fab module for fiducial-assisted cryo-EM studies of membrane proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2115435118. [PMID: 34782475 PMCID: PMC8617411 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2115435118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With conformation-specific nanobodies being used for a wide range of structural, biochemical, and cell biological applications, there is a demand for antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) that specifically and tightly bind these nanobodies without disturbing the nanobody-target protein interaction. Here, we describe the development of a synthetic Fab (termed NabFab) that binds the scaffold of an alpaca-derived nanobody with picomolar affinity. We demonstrate that upon complementary-determining region grafting onto this parent nanobody scaffold, nanobodies recognizing diverse target proteins and derived from llama or camel can cross-react with NabFab without loss of affinity. Using NabFab as a fiducial and size enhancer (50 kDa), we determined the high-resolution cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of nanobody-bound VcNorM and ScaDMT, both small membrane proteins of ∼50 kDa. Using an additional anti-Fab nanobody further facilitated reliable initial three-dimensional structure determination from small cryo-EM test datasets. Given that NabFab is of synthetic origin, is humanized, and can be conveniently expressed in Escherichia coli in large amounts, it may be useful not only for structural biology but also for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joël S Bloch
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Somnath Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Julia Kowal
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ekaterina V Filippova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Martina Niederer
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Els Pardon
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan Steyaert
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anthony A Kossiakoff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637;
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Kaspar P Locher
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland;
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Trauelsen M, Hiron TK, Lin D, Petersen JE, Breton B, Husted AS, Hjorth SA, Inoue A, Frimurer TM, Bouvier M, O'Callaghan CA, Schwartz TW. Extracellular succinate hyperpolarizes M2 macrophages through SUCNR1/GPR91-mediated Gq signaling. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109246. [PMID: 34133934 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Succinate functions both as a classical TCA cycle metabolite and an extracellular metabolic stress signal sensed by the mainly Gi-coupled succinate receptor SUCNR1. In the present study, we characterize and compare effects and signaling pathways activated by succinate and both classes of non-metabolite SUCNR1 agonists. By use of specific receptor and pathway inhibitors, rescue in G-protein-depleted cells and monitoring of receptor G protein activation by BRET, we identify Gq rather than Gi signaling to be responsible for SUCNR1-mediated effects on basic transcriptional regulation. Importantly, in primary human M2 macrophages, in which SUCNR1 is highly expressed, we demonstrate that physiological concentrations of extracellular succinate act through SUCNR1-activated Gq signaling to efficiently regulate transcription of immune function genes in a manner that hyperpolarizes their M2 versus M1 phenotype. Thus, sensing of stress-induced extracellular succinate by SUCNR1 is an important transcriptional regulator in human M2 macrophages through Gq signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mette Trauelsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Maersk Tower, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas K Hiron
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Da Lin
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Jacob E Petersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Maersk Tower, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Billy Breton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Anna Sofie Husted
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Maersk Tower, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Siv A Hjorth
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Maersk Tower, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Thomas M Frimurer
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Maersk Tower, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michel Bouvier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Chris A O'Callaghan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Thue W Schwartz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Maersk Tower, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yang T, Chakraborty S, Mandal J, Mei X, Joe B. Microbiota and Metabolites as Factors Influencing Blood Pressure Regulation. Compr Physiol 2021; 11:1731-1757. [PMID: 33792901 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The study of microbes has rapidly expanded in recent years due to a surge in our understanding that humans host a plethora of commensal microbes, which reside in their bodies and depending upon their composition, contribute to either normal physiology or pathophysiology. This article provides a general foundation for learning about host-commensal microbial interactions as an emerging area of research. The article is divided into two sections. The first section is dedicated to introducing commensal microbiota and its known effects on the host. The second section is on metabolites, which are biochemicals that the host and the microbes use for bi-directional communication with each other. Together, the sections review what is known about how microbes interact with the host to impact cardiovascular physiology, especially blood pressure regulation. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1731-1757, 2021.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Saroj Chakraborty
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Juthika Mandal
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xue Mei
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Bina Joe
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Marlow B, Kuenze G, Li B, Sanders CR, Meiler J. Structural determinants of cholesterol recognition in helical integral membrane proteins. Biophys J 2021; 120:1592-1604. [PMID: 33640379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is an integral component of mammalian membranes. It has been shown to modulate membrane fluidity and dynamics and alter integral membrane protein function. However, understanding the molecular mechanisms of how cholesterol impacts protein function is complicated by limited and conflicting structural data. Because of the nature of the crystallization and cryo-EM structure determination, it is difficult to distinguish between specific and biologically relevant interactions and a nonspecific association. The only widely recognized search algorithm for cholesterol-integral-membrane-protein interaction sites is sequence based, i.e., searching for the so-called "Cholesterol Recognition/interaction Amino acid Consensus" motif. Although these motifs are present in numerous integral membrane proteins, there is inconclusive evidence to support their necessity or sufficiency for cholesterol binding. Here, we leverage the increasing number of experimental cholesterol-integral-membrane-protein structures to systematically analyze putative interaction sites based on their spatial arrangement and evolutionary conservation. This analysis creates three-dimensional representations of general cholesterol interaction sites that form clusters across multiple integral membrane protein classes. We also classify cholesterol-integral-membrane-protein interaction sites as either likely-specific or nonspecific. Information gleaned from our characterization will eventually enable a structure-based approach to predict and design cholesterol-integral-membrane-protein interaction sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brennica Marlow
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Chemical and Physical Biology Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Georg Kuenze
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University Medical School, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bian Li
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Charles R Sanders
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jens Meiler
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Chemical and Physical Biology Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University Medical School, Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Succinate Receptor 1: An Emerging Regulator of Myeloid Cell Function in Inflammation. Trends Immunol 2020; 42:45-58. [PMID: 33279412 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The rapidly evolving area of immunometabolism has shed new light on the fundamental properties of products and intermediates of cellular metabolism (metabolites), highlighting their key signaling roles in cell-to-cell communication. Recent evidence identifies the succinate-succinate receptor 1 (SUCNR1) axis as an essential regulator of tissue homeostasis. Succinate signaling via SUCNR1 guides divergent responses in immune cells, which are tissue and context dependent. Herein, we explore the main cellular pathways regulated by the succinate-SUCNR1 axis and focus on the biology of SUCNR1 and its roles influencing the function of myeloid cells. Hence, we identify new therapeutic targets and putative therapeutic approaches aimed at resolving detrimental myeloid cell responses in tissues, including those occurring in the persistently inflamed central nervous system (CNS).
Collapse
|
39
|
Oncometabolites lactate and succinate drive pro-angiogenic macrophage response in tumors. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188427. [PMID: 32961257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are innate phagocytic leukocytes that are highly present in solid tumors, where they are referred to as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). In solid tumors, the microenvironment is often immunosuppressive and hypoxic regions are prevalent. These hypoxic conditions impose tumor cells to reprogram their metabolism, shifting from oxidative phosphorylation to anaerobic glycolysis. This so-called glycolytic switch enables hypoxic tumor cells to survive, proliferate, and eventually to outcompete untransformed cells. The hypoxia-induced change in tumor cell metabolism leads to the production of oncometabolites, among which are the glycolytic end-metabolite lactate and the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate succinate. TAMs can react to these oncometabolites, resulting in an altered maturation and the adoption of pro-angiogenic features. These angiogenesis-promoting TAMs have been reported to cooperate with tumor cells in the formation of new vessels, and even have been considered an important cause of resistance against anti-angiogenic therapies. For a long time, the mechanisms by which lactate and succinate activated pro-angiogenic TAMs were not understood. Researchers now start to unravel and understand some of the underlying mechanisms. Here, the importance of microenvironmental cues in inducing different macrophage activation states is discussed, as well as the role of hypoxia in the recruitment and activation of pro-angiogenic macrophages. In addition, the latest findings on the oncometabolites lactate and succinate in the activation of angiogenesis supporting macrophages are reviewed. Finally, various oncometabolite-targeting therapeutic strategies are proposed that could improve the response to anti-angiogenic therapies. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are known promotors of tumor neovascularization, and significantly contribute to the emergence of resistance to anti-angiogenic therapies. Recent evidence suggests that the angiogenesis promoting phenotype of TAMs can be activated by hypoxic tumor cell-derived oncometabolites, including lactate and succinate. Here, the latest findings into the lactate- and succinate-mediated mechanistic activation of pro-angiogenic TAMs are reviewed, and therapeutic strategies that interfere with this mechanism and may delay or even prevent acquired resistance to anti-angiogenic agents are discussed.
Collapse
|
40
|
Saeb-Parsy K, Martin JL, Summers DM, Watson CJE, Krieg T, Murphy MP. Mitochondria as Therapeutic Targets in Transplantation. Trends Mol Med 2020; 27:185-198. [PMID: 32952044 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Advances in surgical procedures, technology, and immune suppression have transformed organ transplantation. However, the metabolic changes that occur during organ retrieval, storage, and implantation have been relatively neglected since the developments many decades ago of cold storage organ preservation solutions. In this review we discuss how the metabolic changes that occur within the organ during transplantation, particularly those associated with mitochondria, may contribute to the outcome. We show how a better understanding of these processes can lead to changes in surgical practice and the development of new drug classes to improve the function and longevity of transplanted grafts, while increasing the pool of organs available for transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Saeb-Parsy
- Department of Surgery and Cambridge National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK; NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Organ Donation and Transplantation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jack L Martin
- Department of Surgery and Cambridge National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK; NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Organ Donation and Transplantation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dominic M Summers
- Department of Surgery and Cambridge National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK; NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Organ Donation and Transplantation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christopher J E Watson
- Department of Surgery and Cambridge National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK; NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Organ Donation and Transplantation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas Krieg
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Michael P Murphy
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; Medical Research Council (MRC) Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Velcicky J, Wilcken R, Cotesta S, Janser P, Schlapbach A, Wagner T, Piechon P, Villard F, Bouhelal R, Piller F, Harlfinger S, Stringer R, Fehlmann D, Kaupmann K, Littlewood-Evans A, Haffke M, Gommermann N. Discovery and Optimization of Novel SUCNR1 Inhibitors: Design of Zwitterionic Derivatives with a Salt Bridge for the Improvement of Oral Exposure. J Med Chem 2020; 63:9856-9875. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Velcicky
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Wilcken
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simona Cotesta
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Janser
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Achim Schlapbach
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Trixie Wagner
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Piechon
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frederic Villard
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rochdi Bouhelal
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Piller
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Rowan Stringer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Klemens Kaupmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Matthias Haffke
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nina Gommermann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li X, Xie L, Qu X, Zhao B, Fu W, Wu B, Wu J. GPR91, a critical signaling mechanism in modulating pathophysiologic processes in chronic illnesses. FASEB J 2020; 34:13091-13105. [PMID: 32812686 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001037r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Succinate receptor GPR91 is one of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and is expressed in a variety of cell types and tissues. Succinate is its natural ligand, and its activation represents that an intrinsic metabolic intermediate exerts a regulatory role on many critical life processes involving pathophysiologic mechanisms, such as innate immunity, inflammation, tissue repair, and oncogenesis. With the illustration of 3-dimensional crystal structure of the receptor and discovery of its antagonists, it is possible to dissect the succinate-GPR91-G protein signaling pathways in different cell types under pathophysiological conditions. Deep understanding of the GPR91-ligand binding mode with various agonists and antagonists would aid in elucidating the molecular basis of a spectrum of chronic illnesses, such as hypertension, diabetes, and their renal and retina complications, metabolic-associated fatty liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and its fibrotic progression, inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), age-related macular degeneration, rheumatoid arthritis, and progressive behaviors of malignancies. With better delineation of critical regulatory role of the succinate-GPR91 axis in these illnesses, therapeutic intervention may be developed by specifically targeting this signaling pathway with small molecular antagonists or other strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Medical Microbiology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangli Qu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bangyi Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Beili Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Uchański T, Pardon E, Steyaert J. Nanobodies to study protein conformational states. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2020; 60:117-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
44
|
Lückmann M, Trauelsen M, Frimurer TM, Schwartz TW. Structural basis for GPCR signaling by small polar versus large lipid metabolites-discovery of non-metabolite ligands. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2020; 63:38-48. [PMID: 31951921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Key metabolites act through specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) as extracellular signals of fuel availability and metabolic stress. Here, we focus on the succinate receptor SUCNR1/GPR91 and the long chain fatty acid receptor FFAR1/GPR40, for which 3D structural information is available. Like other small polar acidic metabolites, succinate is excreted from the cell by transporter proteins to bind to an extracellular, solvent-exposed pocket in SUCNR1. Non-metabolite pharmacological tool compounds are currently being designed based on the structure of the SUCNR1 binding pocket. In FFAR1, differently signaling lipid mimetics bind in two distinct membrane-exposed sites corresponding to each of the lipid bilayer leaflets. Conceivably endogenous lipid ligands gain access to these sites by way of the membrane and probably occupy both sites under physiological circumstances. Design of polar agonists for a dynamic, solvent-exposed pocket in FFAR1 underlines the possibility of structure-based approaches for development of novel tool compounds even in lipid sensing metabolite GPCRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lückmann
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Maersk Tower, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Trauelsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Maersk Tower, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas M Frimurer
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Maersk Tower, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thue W Schwartz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Maersk Tower, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|