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Yun HG, Cadierno YA, Kim TW, Muñoz-Barrutia A, Garica-Gonzalez D, Choi S. Computational Hyperspectral Microflow Cytometry. Small 2024:e2400019. [PMID: 38770741 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Miniaturized flow cytometry has significant potential for portable applications, such as cell-based diagnostics and the monitoring of therapeutic cell manufacturing, however, the performance of current techniques is often limited by the inability to resolve spectrally-overlapping fluorescence labels. Here, the study presents a computational hyperspectral microflow cytometer (CHC) that enables accurate discrimination of spectrally-overlapping fluorophores labeling single cells. CHC employs a dispersive optical element and an optimization algorithm to detect the full fluorescence emission spectrum from flowing cells, with a high spectral resolution of ≈3 nm in the range from 450 to 650 nm. CHC also includes a dedicated microfluidic device that ensures in-focus imaging through viscoelastic sheathless focusing, thereby enhancing the accuracy and reliability of microflow cytometry analysis. The potential of CHC for analyzing T lymphocyte subpopulations and monitoring changes in cell composition during T cell expansion is demonstrated. Overall, CHC represents a major breakthrough in microflow cytometry and can facilitate its use for immune cell monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Geun Yun
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoel Alonso Cadierno
- Bioengineering Department, Universidad Carlos III De Madrid, Avda. de la Universidad 30, Leganés, Madrid, 28911, Spain
| | - Tae Won Kim
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Arrate Muñoz-Barrutia
- Bioengineering Department, Universidad Carlos III De Madrid, Avda. de la Universidad 30, Leganés, Madrid, 28911, Spain
| | - Daniel Garica-Gonzalez
- Department of Continuum Mechanics and Structural Analysis, Universidad Carlos III De Madrid, Avda. de la Universidad 30, Leganés, Madrid, 28911, Spain
| | - Sungyoung Choi
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
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2
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Jooken S, Zinoviev K, Yurtsever G, De Proft A, de Wijs K, Jafari Z, Lebanov A, Jeevanandam G, Kotyrba M, Gorjup E, Fondu J, Lagae L, Libbrecht S, Van Dorpe P, Verellen N. On-chip flow cytometer using integrated photonics for the detection of human leukocytes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10921. [PMID: 38769346 PMCID: PMC11106258 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Differentiation between leukocyte subtypes like monocytes and lymphocytes is essential for cell therapy and research applications. To guarantee the cost-effective delivery of functional cells in cell therapies, billions of cells must be processed in a limited time. Yet, the sorting rates of commercial cell sorters are not high enough to reach the required yield. Process parallelization by using multiple instruments increases variability and production cost. A compact solution with higher throughput can be provided by multichannel flow cytometers combining fluidics and optics on-chip. In this work, we present a micro-flow cytometer with monolithically integrated photonics and fluidics and demonstrate that both the illumination of cells, as well as the collection of scattered light, can be realized using photonic integrated circuits. Our device is the first with sufficient resolution for the discrimination of lymphocytes and monocytes. Innovations in microfabrication have enabled complete integration of miniaturized photonic components and fluidics in a CMOS-compatible wafer stack. In combination with external optics, the device is ready for the collection of fluorescence using the on-chip excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Erwin Gorjup
- Sarcura GmbH, Plöcking 2, Klosterneuburg, Austria
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3
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Wang Y, Wei W, Guan X, Yang Y, Tang B, Guo W, Sun C, Duan X. A Microflow Cytometer Enabled by Monolithic Integration of a Microreflector with an Acoustic Resonator. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1428-1437. [PMID: 38382073 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Current microflow cytometers suffer from complicated fluidic integration and low fluorescence collection efficiency, resulting in reduced portability and sensitivity. Herein, we demonstrated a new flow cell design based on an on-chip monolithically integrated microreflector with a bulk acoustic wave resonator (MBAW). It enables simultaneous 3D particle focusing and fluorescence enhancement without using shear flow. Benefited by the on-chip microreflector, the captured fluorescence intensity was 1.8-fold greater than that of the Si substrate and 8.3-fold greater than that of the SiO2 substrate, greatly improving the detection sensitivity. Combined with the contactless acoustic streaming-based focusing, particle sensing with a coefficient of variation as low as 6.1% was achieved. We also demonstrated the difference between live and dead cells and performed a cell cycle assay using the as-developed microflow cytometry. This monolithic integrated MBAW provides a new type of opto-acoustofluidic system and has the potential to be a highly integrated, highly sensitive flow cytometer for applications such as in vitro diagnostics and point of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xieruiqi Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bingyi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenlan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xuexin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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4
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Marcos-Fernández R, Sánchez B, Ruiz L, Margolles A. Convergence of flow cytometry and bacteriology. Current and future applications: a focus on food and clinical microbiology. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023; 49:556-577. [PMID: 35749433 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2086035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Since its development in the 1960s, flow cytometry (FCM) was quickly revealed a powerful tool to analyse cell populations in medical studies, yet, for many years, was almost exclusively used to analyse eukaryotic cells. Instrument and methodological limitations to distinguish genuine bacterial signals from the background, among other limitations, have hampered FCM applications in bacteriology. In recent years, thanks to the continuous development of FCM instruments and methods with a higher discriminatory capacity to detect low-size particles, FCM has emerged as an appealing technique to advance the study of microbes, with important applications in research, clinical and industrial settings. The capacity to rapidly enumerate and classify individual bacterial cells based on viability facilitates the monitoring of bacterial presence in foodstuffs or clinical samples, reducing the time needed to detect contamination or infectious processes. Besides, FCM has stood out as a valuable tool to advance the study of complex microbial communities, or microbiomes, that are very relevant in the context of human health, as well as to understand the interaction of bacterial and host cells. This review highlights current developments in, and future applications of, FCM in bacteriology, with a focus on those related to food and clinical microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Marcos-Fernández
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Dairy Research Institute of Asturias, Spanish National Research Council (IPLA-CSIC), Asturias, Spain
- Functionality and Ecology of Beneficial Microbes (MicroHealth) Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Spain
| | - Borja Sánchez
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Dairy Research Institute of Asturias, Spanish National Research Council (IPLA-CSIC), Asturias, Spain
- Functionality and Ecology of Beneficial Microbes (MicroHealth) Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Spain
| | - Lorena Ruiz
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Dairy Research Institute of Asturias, Spanish National Research Council (IPLA-CSIC), Asturias, Spain
- Functionality and Ecology of Beneficial Microbes (MicroHealth) Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Spain
| | - Abelardo Margolles
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Dairy Research Institute of Asturias, Spanish National Research Council (IPLA-CSIC), Asturias, Spain
- Functionality and Ecology of Beneficial Microbes (MicroHealth) Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Spain
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5
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Kumar T, Harish AV, Etcheverry S, Margulis W, Laurell F, Russom A. Lab-in-a-fiber-based integrated particle separation and counting. Lab Chip 2023; 23:2286-2293. [PMID: 37070926 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc01175a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
An all-fiber integrated device capable of separating and counting particles is presented. A sequence of silica fiber capillaries with various diameters and longitudinal cavities are used to fabricate the component for size-based elasto-inertial passive separation of particles followed by detection in an uninterrupted continuous flow. Experimentally, fluorescent particles of 1 μm and 10 μm sizes are mixed in a visco-elastic fluid and fed into the all-fiber separation component. The particles are sheathed by an elasticity enhancer (PEO - polyethylene oxide) to the side walls. Larger 10 μm particles migrate to the center of the silica capillary due to the combined inertial lift force and elastic force, while the smaller 1 μm particles are unaffected, and exit from a side capillary. A separation efficiency of 100% for the 10 μm and 97% for the 1 μm particles is achieved at a total flow rate of 50 μL min-1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time effective inertial-based separation has been demonstrated in circular cross-section microchannels. In the following step, the separated 10 μm particles are routed through another all-fiber component for counting and a counting throughput of ∼1400 particles per min is demonstrated. We anticipate the ability to combine high throughput separation and precise 3D control of particle position for ease of counting will aid in the development of advanced microflow cytometers capable of particle separation and quantification for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kumar
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for life laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden.
| | - A V Harish
- Laser Physics, Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Etcheverry
- Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - W Margulis
- Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F Laurell
- Laser Physics, Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Russom
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for life laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden.
- AIMES - Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Li J, Cui Y, Xie Q, Jiang T, Xin S, Liu P, Zhou T, Li Q. Ultraportable Flow Cytometer Based on an All-Glass Microfluidic Chip. Anal Chem 2023; 95:2294-2302. [PMID: 36654498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The flow cytometer has become a powerful and widely accepted measurement device in both biological studies and clinical diagnostics. The application of the flow cytometer in emerging point-of-care scenarios, such as instant detection in remote areas and emergency diagnosis, requires a significant reduction in physical dimension, cost, and power consumption. This requirement promotes studies to develop portable flow cytometers, mostly based on the utilization of polymer microfluidic chips. However, due to the relatively poor optical performance of polymer materials, existing microfluidic flow cytometers are incapable of accurate blood analysis, such as the four-part leukocyte differential count, which is necessary to monitor the immune system and to assess the risk of allergic inflammation or viral infection. To address this issue, an ultraportable flow cytometer based on an all-glass microfluidic chip (AG-UFCM) has been developed in this study. Compared with that of a typical commercial flow cytometer (BD FACSAria III), the volume of the AG-UFCM was reduced by 90 times (from 720 to 8 L). A two-step laser processing was employed to fabricate an all-glass microfluidic chip with a surface roughness of less than 1 nm, significantly improving the optical performance of on-chip micro-lens. The signal-to-noise ratio was enhanced by 3 dB, compared with that of polymer materials. For the first time, a four-part leukocyte differential count based on single fluorescence staining was realized using a miniaturized flow cytometer, laying a foundation for the point-of-care testing of miniaturized flow cytometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
| | - Yuhan Cui
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
| | - Qiucheng Xie
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Shandong QianQianRuo Medical Technology Limited Company, Jinan250022, China
| | - Siyuan Xin
- Shandong QianQianRuo Medical Technology Limited Company, Jinan250022, China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China.,Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing401120, China
| | - Tianfeng Zhou
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
| | - Qin Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
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7
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Serhatlioglu M, Jensen EA, Niora M, Hansen AT, Nielsen CF, Jansman MMT, Hosta-Rigau L, Dziegiel MH, Berg-Sørensen K, Hickson ID, Kristensen A. Viscoelastic Capillary Flow Cytometry. Advanced NanoBiomed Research 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Serhatlioglu
- Department of Health Technology Technical University of Denmark Ørsteds Plads Building 345C 2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark
| | - Emil Alstrup Jensen
- Department of Health Technology Technical University of Denmark Ørsteds Plads Building 345C 2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark
| | - Maria Niora
- Department of Health Technology Technical University of Denmark Ørsteds Plads Building 345C 2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark
| | - Anne Todsen Hansen
- Department of Clinical Immunology University of Copenhagen Blegdamsvej 9 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Christian Friberg Nielsen
- Center for Chromosome Stability Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of Copenhagen 2200 København N. Denmark
| | | | - Leticia Hosta-Rigau
- Department of Health Technology Technical University of Denmark Ørsteds Plads Building 345C 2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark
| | - Morten Hanefeld Dziegiel
- Department of Clinical Immunology University of Copenhagen Blegdamsvej 9 2100 København Ø Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen Blegdamsvej 3B 2200 København N. Denmark
| | - Kirstine Berg-Sørensen
- Department of Health Technology Technical University of Denmark Ørsteds Plads Building 345C 2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark
| | - Ian David Hickson
- Center for Chromosome Stability Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of Copenhagen 2200 København N. Denmark
| | - Anders Kristensen
- Department of Health Technology Technical University of Denmark Ørsteds Plads Building 345C 2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark
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8
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Abstract
Profiling protein expression at single-cell resolution is essential for fundamental biological research (such as cell differentiation and tumor microenvironmental examination) and clinical precision medicine where only a limited number of primary cells are permitted. With the recent advances in engineering, chemistry, and biology, single-cell protein analysis methods are developed rapidly, which enable high-throughput and multiplexed protein measurements in thousands of individual cells. In combination with single cell RNA sequencing and mass spectrometry, single-cell multi-omics analysis can simultaneously measure multiple modalities including mRNAs, proteins, and metabolites in single cells, and obtain a more comprehensive exploration of cellular signaling processes, such as DNA modifications, chromatin accessibility, protein abundance, and gene perturbation. Here, the recent progress and applications of single-cell protein analysis technologies in the last decade are summarized. Current limitations, challenges, and possible future directions in this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesInstitute for Personalized MedicineSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030China
| | - Xianting Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesInstitute for Personalized MedicineSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030China
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9
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Parker HE, Sengupta S, Harish AV, Soares RRG, Joensson HN, Margulis W, Russom A, Laurell F. A Lab-in-a-Fiber optofluidic device using droplet microfluidics and laser-induced fluorescence for virus detection. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3539. [PMID: 35241725 PMCID: PMC8894408 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07306-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfluidics has emerged rapidly over the past 20 years and has been investigated for a variety of applications from life sciences to environmental monitoring. Although continuous-flow microfluidics is ubiquitous, segmented-flow or droplet microfluidics offers several attractive features. Droplets can be independently manipulated and analyzed with very high throughput. Typically, microfluidics is carried out within planar networks of microchannels, namely, microfluidic chips. We propose that fibers offer an interesting alternative format with key advantages for enhanced optical coupling. Herein, we demonstrate the generation of monodisperse droplets within a uniaxial optofluidic Lab-in-a-Fiber scheme. We combine droplet microfluidics with laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection achieved through the development of an optical side-coupling fiber, which we term a periscope fiber. This arrangement provides stable and compact alignment. Laser-induced fluorescence offers high sensitivity and low detection limits with a rapid response time making it an attractive detection method for in situ real-time measurements. We use the well-established fluorophore, fluorescein, to characterize the Lab-in-a-Fiber device and determine the generation of [Formula: see text] 0.9 nL droplets. We present characterization data of a range of fluorescein concentrations, establishing a limit of detection (LOD) of 10 nM fluorescein. Finally, we show that the device operates within a realistic and relevant fluorescence regime by detecting reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) products in the context of COVID-19 diagnostics. The device represents a step towards the development of a point-of-care droplet digital RT-LAMP platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E. Parker
- grid.5037.10000000121581746Laser Physics Group, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.9531.e0000000106567444Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS UK
| | - Sanghamitra Sengupta
- grid.5037.10000000121581746Laser Physics Group, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.417889.b0000 0004 0646 2441AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Achar V. Harish
- grid.5037.10000000121581746Laser Physics Group, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ruben R. G. Soares
- grid.5037.10000000121581746Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Haakan N. Joensson
- grid.5037.10000000121581746Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Walter Margulis
- grid.5037.10000000121581746Laser Physics Group, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden ,Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE), 164 19 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aman Russom
- grid.5037.10000000121581746Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 171 65 Solna, Sweden ,grid.5037.10000000121581746AIMES - Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Laurell
- grid.5037.10000000121581746Laser Physics Group, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Beaudette K, Li J, Lamarre J, Majeau L, Boudoux C. Double-Clad Fiber-Based Multifunctional Biosensors and Multimodal Bioimaging Systems: Technology and Applications. Biosensors 2022; 12:90. [PMID: 35200350 PMCID: PMC8869713 DOI: 10.3390/bios12020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Optical fibers have been used to probe various tissue properties such as temperature, pH, absorption, and scattering. Combining different sensing and imaging modalities within a single fiber allows for increased sensitivity without compromising the compactness of an optical fiber probe. A double-clad fiber (DCF) can sustain concurrent propagation modes (single-mode, through its core, and multimode, through an inner cladding), making DCFs ideally suited for multimodal approaches. This study provides a technological review of how DCFs are used to combine multiple sensing functionalities and imaging modalities. Specifically, we discuss the working principles of DCF-based sensors and relevant instrumentation as well as fiber probe designs and functionalization schemes. Secondly, we review different applications using a DCF-based probe to perform multifunctional sensing and multimodal bioimaging.
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11
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Chícharo A, Caetano DM, Cardoso S, Freitas P. Evolution in Automatized Detection of Cells: Advances in Magnetic Microcytometers for Cancer Cells. Microfluidics and Biosensors in Cancer Research 2022; 1379:413-444. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-04039-9_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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12
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Ochoa M, Algorri JF, Roldán-Varona P, Rodríguez-Cobo L, López-Higuera JM. Recent Advances in Biomedical Photonic Sensors: A Focus on Optical-Fibre-Based Sensing. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:6469. [PMID: 34640788 PMCID: PMC8513032 DOI: 10.3390/s21196469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this invited review, we provide an overview of the recent advances in biomedical photonic sensors within the last five years. This review is focused on works using optical-fibre technology, employing diverse optical fibres, sensing techniques, and configurations applied in several medical fields. We identified technical innovations and advancements with increased implementations of optical-fibre sensors, multiparameter sensors, and control systems in real applications. Examples of outstanding optical-fibre sensor performances for physical and biochemical parameters are covered, including diverse sensing strategies and fibre-optical probes for integration into medical instruments such as catheters, needles, or endoscopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Ochoa
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (J.F.A.); (P.R.-V.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - José Francisco Algorri
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (J.F.A.); (P.R.-V.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Pablo Roldán-Varona
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (J.F.A.); (P.R.-V.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - José Miguel López-Higuera
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (J.F.A.); (P.R.-V.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
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13
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Peng T, Su X, Cheng X, Wei Z, Su X, Li Q. A microfluidic cytometer for white blood cell analysis. Cytometry A 2021; 99:1107-1113. [PMID: 34369647 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Despite the wide use of cytometry for white blood cell classification, the performance of traditional cytometers in point-of-care testing remains to be improved. Microfluidic techniques have been shown with considerable potentials in the development of portable devices. Here we present a prototype of microfluidic cytometer which integrates a three-dimensional hydrodynamic focusing system and an on-chip optical system to count and classify white blood cells. By adjusting the flow speed of sheath flow and sample flow, the blood cells can be horizontally and vertically focused in the center of microchannel. Optical fibers and on-chip microlens are embedded for the excitation and detection of single-cell. The microfluidic chip was validated by classifying white blood cells from clinical blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Peng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xingzhi Cheng
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Zewen Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuantao Su
- School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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14
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Hiza H, Hella J, Arbués A, Magani B, Sasamalo M, Gagneux S, Reither K, Portevin D. Case-control diagnostic accuracy study of a non-sputum CD38-based TAM-TB test from a single milliliter of blood. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13190. [PMID: 34162973 PMCID: PMC8222251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92596-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4 T cell phenotyping-based blood assays have the potential to meet WHO target product profiles (TPP) of non-sputum-biomarker-based tests to diagnose tuberculosis (TB). Yet, substantial refinements are required to allow their implementation in clinical settings. This study assessed the real time performance of a simplified T cell activation marker (TAM)-TB assay to detect TB in adults from one millilitre of blood with a 24 h turnaround time. We recruited 479 GeneXpert positive cases and 108 symptomatic but GeneXpert negative controls from presumptive adult TB patients in the Temeke District of Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. TAM-TB assay accuracy was assessed by comparison with a composite reference standard comprising GeneXpert and solid culture. A single millilitre of fresh blood was processed to measure expression of CD38 or CD27 by CD4 T cells producing IFN-γ and/or TNF-α in response to a synthetic peptide pool covering the sequences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) ESAT-6, CFP-10 and TB10.4 antigens on a 4-color FACSCalibur apparatus. Significantly superior to CD27 in accurately diagnosing TB, the CD38-based TAM-TB assay specificity reached 93.4% for a sensitivity of 82.2% with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.87 (95% CI 0.84-0.91). The assay performance was not significantly affected by HIV status. To conclude, we successfully implemented TAM-TB immunoassay routine testing with a 24 h turnaround time at district level in a resource limited setting. Starting from one millilitre of fresh blood and being not influenced by HIV status, TAM-TB assay format and performance appears closely compatible with the optimal TPP accuracy criteria defined by WHO for a non-sputum confirmatory TB test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hellen Hiza
- Ifakara Health Institute, Bagamoyo, Tanzania.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jerry Hella
- Ifakara Health Institute, Bagamoyo, Tanzania.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ainhoa Arbués
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Magani
- Ifakara Health Institute, Bagamoyo, Tanzania.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed Sasamalo
- Ifakara Health Institute, Bagamoyo, Tanzania.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastien Gagneux
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Reither
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Damien Portevin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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15
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Jofre M, Jofre L, Jofre-Roca L. On the Wireless Microwave Sensing of Bacterial Membrane Potential in Microfluidic-Actuated Platforms. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:3420. [PMID: 34069045 DOI: 10.3390/s21103420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The investigation of the electromagnetic properties of biological particles in microfluidic platforms may enable microwave wireless monitoring and interaction with the functional activity of microorganisms. Of high relevance are the action and membrane potentials as they are some of the most important parameters of living cells. In particular, the complex mechanisms of a cell’s action potential are comparable to the dynamics of bacterial membranes, and consequently focusing on the latter provides a simplified framework for advancing the current techniques and knowledge of general bacterial dynamics. In this work, we provide a theoretical analysis and experimental results on the microwave detection of microorganisms within a microfluidic-based platform for sensing the membrane potential of bacteria. The results further advance the state of microwave bacteria sensing and microfluidic control and their implications for measuring and interacting with cells and their membrane potentials, which is of great importance for developing new biotechnologically engineered systems and solutions.
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16
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Kumar T, Ramachandraiah H, Iyengar SN, Banerjee I, Mårtensson G, Russom A. High throughput viscoelastic particle focusing and separation in spiral microchannels. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8467. [PMID: 33875755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88047-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Passive particle manipulation using inertial and elasto-inertial microfluidics have received substantial interest in recent years and have found various applications in high throughput particle sorting and separation. For separation applications, elasto-inertial microfluidics has thus far been applied at substantial lower flow rates as compared to inertial microfluidics. In this work, we explore viscoelastic particle focusing and separation in spiral channels at two orders of magnitude higher Reynolds numbers than previously reported. We show that the balance between dominant inertial lift force, dean drag force and elastic force enables stable 3D particle focusing at dynamically high Reynolds numbers. Using a two-turn spiral, we show that particles, initially pinched towards the inner wall using an elasticity enhancer, PEO (polyethylene oxide), as sheath migrate towards the outer wall strictly based on size and can be effectively separated with high precision. As a proof of principle for high resolution particle separation, 15 µm particles were effectively separated from 10 µm particles. A separation efficiency of 98% for the 10 µm and 97% for the 15 µm particles was achieved. Furthermore, we demonstrate sheath-less, high throughput, separation using a novel integrated two-spiral device and achieved a separation efficiency of 89% for the 10 µm and 99% for the 15 µm particles at a sample flow rate of 1 mL/min—a throughput previously only reported for inertial microfluidics. We anticipate the ability to precisely control particles in 3D at extremely high flow rates will open up several applications, including the development of ultra-high throughput microflow cytometers and high-resolution separation of rare cells for point of care diagnostics.
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17
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Abstract
Single-cell analysis has emerged as a powerful method for genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics characterisation at the individual cell level. Here, we demonstrate a technique for the detection and selective isolation of target cells encapsulated in microdroplets in single-cell format. A sample containing a mixed population of cells with fluorescently labelled target cells can be focused using a sheath fluid to direct cells in single file toward a droplet junction, wherein the cells are encapsulated inside droplets. The droplets containing the cells migrate toward the centre of the channel owing to non-inertial lift force. The cells present in the droplets are studied and characterised based on forward scatter (FSC), side scatter (SSC), and fluorescence (FL) signals. The FL signals from the target cells can be used to activate a selective isolation module based on electro-coalescence, using suitable electronics and a program to sort droplets containing the target cells in single-cell format from droplets containing background cells. We demonstrated the detection and isolation of target cells (cancer cells: HeLa and DU145) from mixed populations of cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) + cervical cancer cells (HeLa) and PBMC + human prostate cancer cells (DU145), at a concentration range of 104-106 ml-1 at 300 cells per s. The performance of the device is characterised in terms of sorting efficiency (>97%), enrichment (>1800×), purity (>98%), and recovery (>95%). The sorted target cells were found to be viable (>95% viability) and showed good proliferation when cultured, showing the potential of the proposed sorting technique for downstream analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gaikwad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India.
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18
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Yan S, Yuan D. Continuous microfluidic 3D focusing enabling microflow cytometry for single-cell analysis. Talanta 2021; 221:121401. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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19
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Bilican I, Bahadir T, Bilgin K, Guler MT. Alternative screening method for analyzing the water samples through an electrical microfluidics chip with classical microbiological assay comparison of P. aeruginosa. Talanta 2020; 219:121293. [PMID: 32887035 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pathogenic bacterium in fresh water supplies that creates a risk for public health. Microbiological analysis of drinking water samples is time consuming and requires qualified personnel. Here we offer a screening system for rapid analysis of spring water that has the potential to be turned into a point-of-need system by means of simple mechanism. The test, which takes 1 h to complete, electrically interrogates the particles through a microfluidic chip suspended in the water sample. We tested the platform using water samples with micro beads and water samples spiked with P. aeruginosa at various concentrations. The mono disperse micro beads were used to evaluate the performance of the system. The results were verified by the gold standard membrane filtration method, which yielded a positive test result only for the P. aeruginosa spiked samples. Detection of 0-11 k bacteria in 30 μL samples was successfully completed in 1 h and compared with a conventional microbiological method. The presented method is a good candidate for a rapid, on-site, screening test that can result in a significant reduction in cost and analysis time compared to microbiological analyses routinely used in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Bilican
- Science and Technology Application and Research Center, Aksaray University, Aksaray, 68100, Turkey; UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tolga Bahadir
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aksaray University, Aksaray, 68100, Turkey
| | - Kemal Bilgin
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, 55139, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Tahsin Guler
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Physics, Faculty of Art and Science, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, 71450, Turkey.
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20
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Mohan A, Gupta P, Nair AP, Prabhakar A, Saiyed T. A microfluidic flow analyzer with integrated lensed optical fibers. Biomicrofluidics 2020; 14:054104. [PMID: 33062113 PMCID: PMC7532020 DOI: 10.1063/5.0013250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rapid optical interrogation of flowing cells or particles is a powerful tool in the field of biomedical diagnostics. Determination of size and composition of fast-flowing cells, with diameters in the range of 2- 15 μ m , often require complex open-space optics and expensive high-speed cameras. In this work, a method to overcome these challenges by using a hydrodynamic flow-based microfluidic platform coupled with on-chip integrated fiber optics is reported. The lab-scale portable device developed uses a combination of on-chip lensed and non-lensed optical fibers for precision illumination. The narrow light beam produced by the lensed fiber ( f = 150 μ m ) enables precise optical analysis with high sensitivity. A planar arrangement of optical fibers at various angles facilitates multi-parametric analysis from a single point of interrogation. As proof of concept, the laboratory-scale portable bench-top prototype is used to measure fluorescence signals from CD4 immunostained cells and human blood samples. The performance of microfluidic flow analyzer is also compared to the conventional Guava® easyCyte 8HT flow cytometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mohan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Chennai 600036, India
| | - P Gupta
- Discovery Innovation Accelerator, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms (C-CAMP), Bengaluru 560065, India
| | - A P Nair
- Discovery Innovation Accelerator, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms (C-CAMP), Bengaluru 560065, India
| | - A Prabhakar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Chennai 600036, India
| | - T Saiyed
- Discovery Innovation Accelerator, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms (C-CAMP), Bengaluru 560065, India
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21
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Sarda-Estève R, Baisnée D, Guinot B, Mainelis G, Sodeau J, O’Connor D, Besancenot JP, Thibaudon M, Monteiro S, Petit JE, Gros V. Atmospheric Biodetection Part I: Study of Airborne Bacterial Concentrations from January 2018 to May 2020 at Saclay, France. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17176292. [PMID: 32872373 PMCID: PMC7504533 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The monitoring of bioaerosol concentrations in the air is a relevant endeavor due to potential health risks associated with exposure to such particles and in the understanding of their role in climate. In this context, the atmospheric concentrations of bacteria were measured from January 2018 to May 2020 at Saclay, France. The aim of the study was to understand the seasonality, the daily variability, and to identify the geographical origin of airborne bacteria. Methods: 880 samples were collected daily on polycarbonate filters, extracted with purified water, and analyzed using the cultivable method and flow cytometry. A source receptor model was used to identify the origin of bacteria. Results: A tri-modal seasonality was identified with the highest concentrations early in spring and over the summer season with the lowest during the winter season. Extreme changes occurred daily due to rapid changes in meteorological conditions and shifts from clean air masses to polluted ones. Conclusion: Our work points toward bacterial concentrations originating from specific seasonal-geographical ecosystems. During pollution events, bacteria appear to rise from dense urban areas or are transported long distances from their sources. This key finding should drive future actions to better control the dispersion of potential pathogens in the air, like persistent microorganisms originating from contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Sarda-Estève
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, Unité mixte de recherche CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France; (D.B.); (J.-E.P.); (V.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-69-08-97-47
| | - Dominique Baisnée
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, Unité mixte de recherche CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France; (D.B.); (J.-E.P.); (V.G.)
| | - Benjamin Guinot
- Laboratoire d’Aérologie, Université Toulouse III, CNRS, UPS, 31400 Toulouse, France;
- Réseau National de Surveillance Aérobiologique, 69690 Brussieu, France; (J.P.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Gediminas Mainelis
- Department of Environmental Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8525, USA;
| | - John Sodeau
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland;
| | - David O’Connor
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University of Dublin, D06F793 Dublin 6, Ireland;
| | - Jean Pierre Besancenot
- Réseau National de Surveillance Aérobiologique, 69690 Brussieu, France; (J.P.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Michel Thibaudon
- Réseau National de Surveillance Aérobiologique, 69690 Brussieu, France; (J.P.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Sara Monteiro
- Themo Fisher Scientific, 18 avenue de Quebec, 91941 Villebon Courtaboeuf, France;
| | - Jean-Eudes Petit
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, Unité mixte de recherche CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France; (D.B.); (J.-E.P.); (V.G.)
| | - Valérie Gros
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, Unité mixte de recherche CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France; (D.B.); (J.-E.P.); (V.G.)
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22
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Serhatlioglu M, Isiksacan Z, Özkan M, Tuncel D, Elbuken C. Electro-Viscoelastic Migration under Simultaneously Applied Microfluidic Pressure-Driven Flow and Electric Field. Anal Chem 2020; 92:6932-6940. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Serhatlioglu
- UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ziya Isiksacan
- UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melis Özkan
- UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dönüs Tuncel
- UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Caglar Elbuken
- UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
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23
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Asghari M, Cao X, Mateescu B, van Leeuwen D, Aslan MK, Stavrakis S, deMello AJ. Oscillatory Viscoelastic Microfluidics for Efficient Focusing and Separation of Nanoscale Species. ACS Nano 2020; 14:422-433. [PMID: 31794192 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The ability to precisely control particle migration within microfluidic systems is essential for focusing, separating, counting, and detecting a wide range of biological species. To date, viscoelastic microfluidic systems have primarily been applied to the focusing, separation, and isolation of micrometer-sized species, with their use in nanoparticle manipulations being underdeveloped and underexplored, due to issues related to nanoparticle diffusivity and a need for extended channel lengths. To overcome such issues, we herein present sheathless oscillatory viscoelastic microfluidics as a method for focusing and separating both micrometer and sub-micrometer species. To highlight the efficacy of our approach, we segment our study into three size regimes, namely, micrometer (where characteristic particle dimensions are above 1 μm), sub-micrometer (where characteristic dimensions are between 1 μm and 100 nm), and nano (where characteristic dimensions are below 100 nm) regimes. Based on the ability to successfully manipulate particles in all these regimes, we demonstrate the successful isolation of p-bodies from biofluids (in the micrometer regime), the focusing of λ-DNA (in the sub-micrometer regime), and the focusing of extracellular vesicles (in the nanoregime). Finally, we characterize the physics underlying viscoelastic microflows using a dimensionless number that relates the lateral velocity (due to elastic effects) to the diffusion constant of the species within the viscoelastic carrier fluid. Based on the ability to precisely manipulate species in all three regimes, we expect that sheathless oscillatory viscoelastic microfluidics may be used to good effect in a range of biological and life science applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Asghari
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering , ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Xiaobao Cao
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering , ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Bogdan Mateescu
- Department of Biology , ETH Zürich , Universitätstrasse 2 , 8092 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Daniel van Leeuwen
- Department of Biology , ETH Zürich , Universitätstrasse 2 , 8092 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Mahmut Kamil Aslan
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering , ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Stavros Stavrakis
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering , ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Andrew J deMello
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering , ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
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24
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Vembadi A, Menachery A, Qasaimeh MA. Cell Cytometry: Review and Perspective on Biotechnological Advances. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:147. [PMID: 31275933 PMCID: PMC6591278 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell identification and enumeration are essential procedures within clinical and research laboratories. For over 150 years, quantitative investigation of body fluids such as counts of various blood cells has been an important tool for diagnostic analysis. With the current evolution of point-of-care diagnostics and precision medicine, cheap and precise cell counting technologies are in demand. This article reviews the timeline and recent notable advancements in cell counting that have occurred as a result of improvements in sensing including optical and electrical technology, enhancements in image processing capabilities, and contributions of micro and nanotechnologies. Cell enumeration methods have evolved from the use of manual counting using a hemocytometer to automated cell counters capable of providing reliable counts with high precision and throughput. These developments have been enabled by the use of precision engineering, micro and nanotechnology approaches, automation and multivariate data analysis. Commercially available automated cell counters can be broadly classified into three categories based on the principle of detection namely, electrical impedance, optical analysis and image analysis. These technologies have many common scientific uses, such as hematological analysis, urine analysis and bacterial enumeration. In addition to commercially available technologies, future technological trends using lab-on-a-chip devices have been discussed in detail. Lab-on-a-chip platforms utilize the existing three detection technologies with innovative design changes utilizing advanced nano/microfabrication to produce customized devices suited to specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Vembadi
- Division of Engineering, New York University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anoop Menachery
- Division of Engineering, New York University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad A. Qasaimeh
- Division of Engineering, New York University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States
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25
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Soares MCP, Vit FF, Suzuki CK, de la Torre LG, Fujiwara E. Perfusion Microfermentor Integrated into a Fiber Optic Quasi-Elastic Light Scattering Sensor for Fast Screening of Microbial Growth Parameters. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:s19112493. [PMID: 31159228 PMCID: PMC6603560 DOI: 10.3390/s19112493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This research presents a microfermentor integrated into an optical fiber sensor based on quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS) to monitor and swiftly identify cellular growth kinetic parameters. The system uses a 1310 nm laser light that is guided through single-mode silica optical fibers to the interior of perfusion chambers, which are separated by polycarbonate membranes (470 nm pores) from microchannels, where a culture medium flows in a constant concentration. The system contains four layers, a superior and an inferior layer made of glass, and two intermediate poly(dimethylsiloxane) layers that contain the microchannels and the perfusion chambers, forming a reversible microfluidic device that requires only the sealing of the fibers to the inferior glass cover. The QELS autocorrelation decay rates of the optical signals were correlated to the cells counting in a microscope, and the application of this microsystem to the monitoring of alcoholic fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae resulted in the kinetic parameters of KM = 4.1 g/L and μm = 0.49 h−1. These results agree with both the data reported in the literature and with the control batch test, showing that it is a reliable and efficient biological monitoring system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco César Prado Soares
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Devices, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas, São Paulo 13083-860, Brazil.
| | - Franciele Flores Vit
- Laboratory of Advanced Development of Nano and Biotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, São Paulo 13083-852, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Kenichi Suzuki
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Devices, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas, São Paulo 13083-860, Brazil.
| | - Lucimara Gaziola de la Torre
- Laboratory of Advanced Development of Nano and Biotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, São Paulo 13083-852, Brazil.
| | - Eric Fujiwara
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Devices, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas, São Paulo 13083-860, Brazil.
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26
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Vaithiyanathan M, Safa N, Melvin AT. FluoroCellTrack: An algorithm for automated analysis of high-throughput droplet microfluidic data. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215337. [PMID: 31042738 PMCID: PMC6493727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput droplet microfluidic devices with fluorescence detection systems provide several advantages over conventional end-point cytometric techniques due to their ability to isolate single cells and investigate complex intracellular dynamics. While there have been significant advances in the field of experimental droplet microfluidics, the development of complementary software tools has lagged. Existing quantification tools have limitations including interdependent hardware platforms or challenges analyzing a wide range of high-throughput droplet microfluidic data using a single algorithm. To address these issues, an all-in-one Python algorithm called FluoroCellTrack was developed and its wide-range utility was tested on three different applications including quantification of cellular response to drugs, droplet tracking, and intracellular fluorescence. The algorithm imports all images collected using bright field and fluorescence microscopy and analyzes them to extract useful information. Two parallel steps are performed where droplets are detected using a mathematical Circular Hough Transform (CHT) while single cells (or other contours) are detected by a series of steps defining respective color boundaries involving edge detection, dilation, and erosion. These feature detection steps are strengthened by segmentation and radius/area thresholding for precise detection and removal of false positives. Individually detected droplet and contour center maps are overlaid to obtain encapsulation information for further analyses. FluoroCellTrack demonstrates an average of a ~92-99% similarity with manual analysis and exhibits a significant reduction in analysis time of 30 min to analyze an entire cohort compared to 20 h required for manual quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manibarathi Vaithiyanathan
- Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Nora Safa
- Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Adam T Melvin
- Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
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Serhatlioglu M, Asghari M, Tahsin Guler M, Elbuken C. Impedance-based viscoelastic flow cytometry. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:906-913. [PMID: 30632175 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Elastic nature of the viscoelastic fluids induces lateral migration of particles into a single streamline and can be used by microfluidic based flow cytometry devices. In this study, we investigated focusing efficiency of polyethylene oxide based viscoelastic solutions at varying ionic concentration to demonstrate their use in impedimetric particle characterization systems. Rheological properties of the viscoelastic fluid and particle focusing performance are not affected by ionic concentration. We investigated the viscoelastic focusing dynamics using polystyrene (PS) beads and human red blood cells (RBCs) suspended in the viscoelastic fluid. Elasto-inertial focusing of PS beads was achieved with the combination of inertial and viscoelastic effects. RBCs were aligned along the channel centerline in parachute shape which yielded consistent impedimetric signals. We compared our impedance-based microfluidic flow cytometry results for RBCs and PS beads by analyzing particle transit time and peak amplitude at varying viscoelastic focusing conditions obtained at different flow rates. We showed that single orientation, single train focusing of nonspherical RBCs can be achieved with polyethylene oxide based viscoelastic solution that has been shown to be a good candidate as a carrier fluid for impedance cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Serhatlioglu
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Asghari
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Caglar Elbuken
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
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Lechago S, García-Meca C, Sánchez-Losilla N, Griol A, Martí J. High signal-to-noise ratio ultra-compact lab-on-a-chip microflow cytometer enabled by silicon optical antennas. Opt Express 2018; 26:25645-25656. [PMID: 30469663 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.025645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate an all-silicon nanoantenna-based micro-optofluidic cytometer showing a combination of high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) > 14 dB and ultra-compact size. Thanks to the ultra-high directivity of the antennas (>150), which enables a state-of-the-art sub-micron resolution, we are able to avoid the use of the bulky devices typically employed to collimate light on chip (such as lenses or fibers). The nm-scale antenna cross section allows a dramatic reduction of the optical system footprint, from the mm-scale of previous approaches to a few µm2, yielding a notable reduction in the fabrication costs. This scheme paves the way to ultra-compact lab-on-a-chip devices that may enable new applications with potential impact on all branches of biological and health science.
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Chiriacò MS, Bianco M, Nigro A, Primiceri E, Ferrara F, Romano A, Quattrini A, Furlan R, Arima V, Maruccio G. Lab-on-Chip for Exosomes and Microvesicles Detection and Characterization. Sensors (Basel) 2018; 18:E3175. [PMID: 30241303 PMCID: PMC6210978 DOI: 10.3390/s18103175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Interest in extracellular vesicles and in particular microvesicles and exosomes, which are constitutively produced by cells, is on the rise for their huge potential as biomarkers in a high number of disorders and pathologies as they are considered as carriers of information among cells, as well as being responsible for the spreading of diseases. Current methods of analysis of microvesicles and exosomes do not fulfill the requirements for their in-depth investigation and the complete exploitation of their diagnostic and prognostic value. Lab-on-chip methods have the potential and capabilities to bridge this gap and the technology is mature enough to provide all the necessary steps for a completely automated analysis of extracellular vesicles in body fluids. In this paper we provide an overview of the biological role of extracellular vesicles, standard biochemical methods of analysis and their limits, and a survey of lab-on-chip methods that are able to meet the needs of a deeper exploitation of these biological entities to drive their use in common clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monica Bianco
- CNR NANOTEC Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Nigro
- Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Francesco Ferrara
- CNR NANOTEC Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
- STMicroelectronics, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Romano
- Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Angelo Quattrini
- Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Roberto Furlan
- Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Valentina Arima
- CNR NANOTEC Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Maruccio
- CNR NANOTEC Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
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Vianna PG, Grasseschi D, Domingues SH, de Matos CJS. Real-time optofluidic surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy based on a graphene oxide/gold nanorod nanocomposite. Opt Express 2018; 26:22698-22708. [PMID: 30184926 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.022698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a glass microcapillary fiber as an optofluidic platform for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), the inner walls of which are coated with a graphene oxide (GO)/gold nanorod (AuNR) nanocomposite. A simple thermal method is used for the coating, allowing for the continuous deposition of the nanocomposite without surface functionalization. We show that the AuNRs can be directly and nondestructively identified on the GO inside the capillaries via identification of the Au-Br SERS peak, as Br- ions from the AuNR synthesis remain on their surface. The coated microcapillary platform is, then, used as a stable SERS substrate for the detection of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) and Rhodamine 640 (RH640) at concentrations down to 10-7 and 10-9 M, respectively. As the required sample volumes are as low as a few hundred nanoliters, down to ~75 femtograms of analyte can be detected. The fiber also allows for the detection of the molecules at acquisition times as low as 0.05 s, indicating the platform's suitability for real-time sensing.
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