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Oñorbe E, Hernández-Mayoral M, Hernández R, Serrano M. Microstructural study of the thermal stability of a thermomechanically treated T91 steel by TEM in situ annealing. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2022.101213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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2
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Deep learning-based noise filtering toward millisecond order imaging by using scanning transmission electron microscopy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13462. [PMID: 35931705 PMCID: PMC9356044 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17360-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) to in situ observation will be essential in the current and emerging data-driven materials science by taking STEM's high affinity with various analytical options into account. As is well known, STEM's image acquisition time needs to be further shortened to capture a targeted phenomenon in real-time as STEM's current temporal resolution is far below the conventional TEM's. However, rapid image acquisition in the millisecond per frame or faster generally causes image distortion, poor electron signals, and unidirectional blurring, which are obstacles for realizing video-rate STEM observation. Here we show an image correction framework integrating deep learning (DL)-based denoising and image distortion correction schemes optimized for STEM rapid image acquisition. By comparing a series of distortion corrected rapid scan images with corresponding regular scan speed images, the trained DL network is shown to remove not only the statistical noise but also the unidirectional blurring. This result demonstrates that rapid as well as high-quality image acquisition by STEM without hardware modification can be established by the DL. The DL-based noise filter could be applied to in-situ observation, such as dislocation activities under external stimuli, with high spatio-temporal resolution.
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Samaee V, Dupraz M, Pardoen T, Van Swygenhoven H, Schryvers D, Idrissi H. Deciphering the interactions between single arm dislocation sources and coherent twin boundary in nickel bi-crystal. Nat Commun 2021; 12:962. [PMID: 33574246 PMCID: PMC7878869 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of a well-controlled population of coherent twin boundaries (CTBs) is an attractive route to improve the strength ductility product in face centered cubic (FCC) metals. However, the elementary mechanisms controlling the interaction between single arm dislocation sources (SASs), often present in nanotwinned FCC metals, and CTB are still not well understood. Here, quantitative in-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations of these mechanisms under tensile loading are performed on submicron Ni bi-crystal. We report that the absorption of curved screw dislocations at the CTB leads to the formation of constriction nodes connecting pairs of twinning dislocations at the CTB plane in agreement with large scale 3D atomistic simulations. The coordinated motion of the twinning dislocation pairs due to the presence of the nodes leads to a unique CTB sliding mechanism, which plays an important role in initiating the fracture process at a CTB ledge. TEM observations of the interactions between non-screw dislocations and the CTB highlight the importance of the synergy between the repulsive force of the CTB and the back stress from SASs when the interactions occur in small volumes. Interactions of dislocations with coherent twin boundaries contribute to strength and ductility in metals, but investigating the interaction mechanisms is challenging. Here the authors unravel these mechanisms through quantitative in-situ transmission electron microscopy observations in nickel bi-crystal samples under tensile loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Samaee
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maxime Dupraz
- Photons for Engineering and Manufacturing, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, Switzerland.,IRIG MEM NRS, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France.,XNP, ESRF, Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Pardoen
- Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Helena Van Swygenhoven
- Photons for Engineering and Manufacturing, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, Switzerland.,Neutrons and X-Rays for Mechanics of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Schryvers
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hosni Idrissi
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. .,Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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Zheng P, Chen R, Liu H, Chen J, Zhang Z, Liu X, Shen Y. On the standards and practices for miniaturized tensile test – A review. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.112006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Deng Y, Zhang R, Pekin TC, Gammer C, Ciston J, Ercius P, Ophus C, Bustillo K, Song C, Zhao S, Guo H, Zhao Y, Dong H, Chen Z, Minor AM. Functional Materials Under Stress: In Situ TEM Observations of Structural Evolution. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906105. [PMID: 31746516 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The operating conditions of functional materials usually involve varying stress fields, resulting in structural changes, whether intentional or undesirable. Complex multiscale microstructures including defects, domains, and new phases, can be induced by mechanical loading in functional materials, providing fundamental insight into the deformation process of the involved materials. On the other hand, these microstructures, if induced in a controllable fashion, can be used to tune the functional properties or to enhance certain performance. In situ nanomechanical tests conducted in scanning/transmission electron microscopes (STEM/TEM) provide a critical tool for understanding the microstructural evolution in functional materials. Here, select results on a variety of functional material systems in the field are presented, with a brief introduction into some newly developed multichannel experimental capabilities to demonstrate the impact of these techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- Solid State Microstructure National Key Lab and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Ruopeng Zhang
- National Center of Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Thomas C Pekin
- National Center of Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Christoph Gammer
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstrasse 12, 8700, Leoben, Austria
| | - Jim Ciston
- National Center of Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Peter Ercius
- National Center of Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Colin Ophus
- National Center of Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Karen Bustillo
- National Center of Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Chengyu Song
- National Center of Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Shiteng Zhao
- National Center of Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77251, USA
| | - Yunlei Zhao
- Solid State Microstructure National Key Lab and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Hongliang Dong
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Andrew M Minor
- National Center of Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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Gupta S, Stangebye S, Jungjohann K, Boyce B, Zhu T, Kacher J, Pierron ON. In situ TEM measurement of activation volume in ultrafine grained gold. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:7146-7158. [PMID: 32193521 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01874k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) based technique is demonstrated for in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements of stress relaxation with simultaneous observation of the underlying plastic deformation processes. True activation volumes are determined from repeated stress relaxation transients and thus provide a signature parameter of the governing mechanisms of plastic deformation. The technique is demonstrated with 100 nm-thick ultrafine-grained gold microspecimens under uniaxial tension. True activation volumes of approximately 3-5b3 (where b is the Burgers vector length) are obtained for tensile stresses ranging from 200-450 MPa. Grain boundary-dislocation interactions are observed via in situ TEM during stress relaxation measurements. The miniaturization of stress relaxation tests inside the TEM provides unique opportunities to characterize the plastic kinetics and underlying mechanisms in ultrafine-grained and nanocrystalline materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Gupta
- G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405, USA
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Idrissi H, Samaee V, Lumbeeck G, van der Werf T, Pardoen T, Schryvers D, Cordier P. In Situ Quantitative Tensile Testing of Antigorite in a Transmission Electron Microscope. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SOLID EARTH 2020; 125:e2019JB018383. [PMID: 32714729 PMCID: PMC7375155 DOI: 10.1029/2019jb018383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The determination of the mechanical properties of serpentinites is essential toward the understanding of the mechanics of faulting and subduction. Here we present the first in situ tensile tests on antigorite in a transmission electron microscope. A push-to-pull deformation device is used to perform quantitative tensile tests, during which force and displacement are measured, while the evolving microstructure is imaged with the microscope. The experiments have been performed at room temperature on 2 × 1 × 0.2 μm3 beams prepared by focused ion beam. The specimens are not single crystals despite their small sizes. Orientation mapping indicated that several grains were well oriented for plastic slip. However, no dislocation activity has been observed even though the engineering tensile stress went up to 700 MPa. We show also that antigorite does not exhibit a purely elastic-brittle behavior since, despite the presence of defects, the specimens accumulate permanent deformation and did not fail within the elastic regime. Instead, we observe that strain localizes at grain boundaries. All observations concur to show that under these experimental conditions, grain boundary sliding is the dominant deformation mechanism. This study sheds a new light on the mechanical properties of antigorite and calls for further studies on the structure and properties of grain boundaries in antigorite and more generally in phyllosilicates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosni Idrissi
- Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil EngineeringUCLouvainLouvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
- Electron Microscopy for Materials ScienceUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Vahid Samaee
- Electron Microscopy for Materials ScienceUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Gunnar Lumbeeck
- Electron Microscopy for Materials ScienceUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Thomas van der Werf
- Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil EngineeringUCLouvainLouvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
- Electron Microscopy for Materials ScienceUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Thomas Pardoen
- Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil EngineeringUCLouvainLouvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
| | - Dominique Schryvers
- Electron Microscopy for Materials ScienceUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Patrick Cordier
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207‐UMET‐Unité Matériaux et TransformationsLilleFrance
- Institut Universitaire de FranceParisFrance
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Idrissi H, Ghidelli M, Béché A, Turner S, Gravier S, Blandin JJ, Raskin JP, Schryvers D, Pardoen T. Atomic-scale viscoplasticity mechanisms revealed in high ductility metallic glass films. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13426. [PMID: 31530850 PMCID: PMC6749058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49910-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The fundamental plasticity mechanisms in thin freestanding Zr65Ni35 metallic glass films are investigated in order to unravel the origin of an outstanding strength/ductility balance. The deformation process is homogenous until fracture with no evidence of catastrophic shear banding. The creep/relaxation behaviour of the films was characterized by on-chip tensile testing, revealing an activation volume in the range 100-200 Å3. Advanced high-resolution transmission electron microscopy imaging and spectroscopy exhibit a very fine glassy nanostructure with well-defined dense Ni-rich clusters embedded in Zr-rich clusters of lower atomic density and a ~2-3 nm characteristic length scale. Nanobeam electron diffraction analysis reveals that the accumulation of plastic deformation at room-temperature correlates with monotonously increasing disruption of the local atomic order. These results provide experimental evidences of the dynamics of shear transformation zones activation in metallic glasses. The impact of the nanoscale structural heterogeneities on the mechanical properties including the rate dependent behaviour is discussed, shedding new light on the governing plasticity mechanisms in metallic glasses with initially heterogeneous atomic arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosni Idrissi
- Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Matteo Ghidelli
- Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Science and engineering of materials and processes, SIMaP, Université de Grenoble/CNRS, UJF/Grenoble INP, BP46, 38402, Saint-Martin d'Hères, France
- Institute of information and communication technologies, electronics and applied mathematics, ICTEAM, UCLouvain, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Armand Béché
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stuart Turner
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Gravier
- Science and engineering of materials and processes, SIMaP, Université de Grenoble/CNRS, UJF/Grenoble INP, BP46, 38402, Saint-Martin d'Hères, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Blandin
- Science and engineering of materials and processes, SIMaP, Université de Grenoble/CNRS, UJF/Grenoble INP, BP46, 38402, Saint-Martin d'Hères, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Raskin
- Institute of information and communication technologies, electronics and applied mathematics, ICTEAM, UCLouvain, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Dominique Schryvers
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Thomas Pardoen
- Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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