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Fu L, Zhao L, Li F, Wen F, Zhang P, Yang X, Wang Y. Pharmacological mechanism of quercetin in the treatment of colorectal cancer by network pharmacology and molecular simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:7065-7076. [PMID: 37464874 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2235589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a serious threat to people's life due to its high incidence and high mortality. Quercetin can effectively treat colorectal carcinoma (CRC), but its exact mechanism of action is still unclear. Then quercetin-related target genes were obtained from Swiss Target Prediction database and Similarity Ensemble Approach (SEA) database, and CRC-related target genes were obtained from GeneCards database, respectively. Common target genes were obtained by FunRich software. String software was used to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. R package was used for gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and post-dynamics simulation were used to explore the binding stability of quercetin to key targets. In total, 103 and 141 target information of quercetin were obtained from the Swiss Target Prediction database and SEA database, respectively. 1,649 CRC-related genes were obtained from GeneCards database. FunRich software was used to draw venny map and obtain 36 intersection targets of quercetin and CRC. String software was used to construct the PPI network. The core genes were AKT1, EGFR, MMP9, KDR, MET and PTK2. There were 532 items related to biological processes, 14 items related to cellular components, and 43 items related to molecular functions among the key target GO enrichment items. KEGG enrichment pathways of key targets involved cancer pathways, PI3K-Akt signal pathway, etc. The results of molecular docking, MD simulation and post-dynamics simulation showed they had a good affinity and formed a stable effect. So quercetin may play an important role in the treatment of CRC by acting on AKT1, EGFR, MMP9, KDR, MET and PTK2 to affect the development of CRC.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Fu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing University Qianjiang Hospital (Qianjiang Central Hospital of Chongqing), Chongqing, China
| | - Linan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing University Qianjiang Hospital (Qianjiang Central Hospital of Chongqing), Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Li
- Chongqing University Qianjiang Hospital (Qianjiang Central Hospital of Chongqing), Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Wen
- Chongqing University Qianjiang Hospital (Qianjiang Central Hospital of Chongqing), Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Chongqing University Qianjiang Hospital (Qianjiang Central Hospital of Chongqing), Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Chongqing University Qianjiang Hospital (Qianjiang Central Hospital of Chongqing), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanqiang Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
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2
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Vymola P, Garcia-Borja E, Cervenka J, Balaziova E, Vymolova B, Veprkova J, Vodicka P, Skalnikova H, Tomas R, Netuka D, Busek P, Sedo A. Fibrillar extracellular matrix produced by pericyte-like cells facilitates glioma cell dissemination. Brain Pathol 2024:e13265. [PMID: 38705944 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomagenesis induces profound changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain. In this study, we identified a cellular population responsible for the increased deposition of collagen I and fibronectin in glioblastoma. Elevated levels of the fibrillar proteins collagen I and fibronectin were associated with the expression of fibroblast activation protein (FAP), which is predominantly found in pericyte-like cells in glioblastoma. FAP+ pericyte-like cells were present in regions rich in collagen I and fibronectin in biopsy material and produced substantially more collagen I and fibronectin in vitro compared to other cell types found in the GBM microenvironment. Using mass spectrometry, we demonstrated that 3D matrices produced by FAP+ pericyte-like cells are rich in collagen I and fibronectin and contain several basement membrane proteins. This expression pattern differed markedly from glioma cells. Finally, we have shown that ECM produced by FAP+ pericyte-like cells enhances the migration of glioma cells including glioma stem-like cells, promotes their adhesion, and activates focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. Taken together, our findings establish FAP+ pericyte-like cells as crucial producers of a complex ECM rich in collagen I and fibronectin, facilitating the dissemination of glioma cells through FAK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Vymola
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Elena Garcia-Borja
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Cervenka
- Laboratory of Applied Proteome Analyses, Research Center PIGMOD, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Liběchov, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of proteomics, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Balaziova
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Vymolova
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Veprkova
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Vodicka
- Laboratory of Applied Proteome Analyses, Research Center PIGMOD, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Liběchov, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Skalnikova
- Laboratory of Applied Proteome Analyses, Research Center PIGMOD, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Liběchov, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of proteomics, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Tomas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Netuka
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurooncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Military University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Busek
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Aleksi Sedo
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Lo HC, Hua WJ, Yeh H, Lin ZH, Huang LC, Ciou YR, Ruan R, Lin KF, Tseng AJ, Wu ATH, Hsu WH, Chao CH, Lin TY. GMI, a Ganoderma microsporum protein, abolishes focal adhesion network to reduce cell migration and metastasis of lung cancer. Life Sci 2023; 335:122255. [PMID: 37967792 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer metastasis is a major cause of cancer-related deaths, emphasizing the urgent need for effective therapies. Although it has been shown that GMI, a fungal protein from Ganoderma microsporum, could suppress primary tumor growth in a wide spectrum of cancer types, it is still unclear whether GMI exhibits anti-metastasis properties, particularly in lung cancers. Further investigation is needed. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to investigate the potential inhibitory effects of GMI on lung cancer metastasis in vivo. Utilizing systematic and comprehensive approaches, our research aims to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-metastatic effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro migration and cell adhesion assays addressed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related phenotype. Proteomic and bioinformatic analyses identified the GMI-regulated proteins and cellular responses. GMI-treated LLC1-bearing mice were analyzed using IVIS Spectrum to assess the anti-metastatic effect. KEY FINDINGS GMI inhibits EMT as well as cell migration. GMI disrupts cell adhesion and downregulates integrin, resulting in inhibition of phosphorylated FAK. GMI induces macropinocytosis and lysosome-mediated degradation of integrin αv, α5, α6 and β1. GMI downregulates Slug via inhibition of FAK activity, which in turn enhances expressions of epithelial-related markers and decreases cell mobility. Mechanistically, GMI-induced FAK inhibition engenders MDM2 expression and enhances MDM2/p21/Slug complex formation, leading to Slug degradation. GMI treatment reduces the metastatic pulmonary lesion and prolongs the survival of LLC1-bearing mice. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings highlight GMI as a promising therapeutic candidate for metastatic lung cancers, offering potential avenues for further research and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chih Lo
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jyun Hua
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin Yeh
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hu Lin
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Huang
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ru Ciou
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Runcheng Ruan
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Fan Lin
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Jung Tseng
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Alexander T H Wu
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science & Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hung Hsu
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; LO-Sheng Hospital Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hong Chao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS(2)B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yi Lin
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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4
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Shieh JM, Chang TW, Wang JH, Liang SP, Kao PL, Chen LY, Yen CJ, Chen YJ, Chang WC, Chen BK. RNA-binding protein-regulated fibronectin is essential for EGFR-activated metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23206. [PMID: 37718485 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300527r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
There is a higher expression level of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in up to 90% of advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tissue than in normal surrounding tissues. However, the role of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in EGFR-associated metastasis of HNSCC remains unclear. In this study, we reveal that RBPs, specifically nucleolin (NCL) and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNPA2B1), correlated with the mesenchymal phenotype of HNSCC. The depletion of RBPs significantly attenuated EGF-induced HNSCC metastasis. Intriguingly, the EGF-induced EMT markers, such as fibronectin, were regulated by RBPs through the ERK and NF-κB pathway, followed by the enhancement of mRNA stability of fibronectin through the 5' untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the gene. The upregulation of fibronectin triggered the integrin signaling activation to enhance tumor cells' attachment to endothelial cells and increase endothelial permeability. In addition, the concurrence of EGFR and RBPs or EGFR and fibronectin was associated with overall survival and disease-free survival of HNSCC. The in vivo study showed that depletion of NCL, hnRNPA2B1, and fibronectin significantly inhibited EGF-promoted extravasation of tumor cells into lung tissues. The depletion of fibronectin or treatment with integrin inhibitors dramatically attenuated EGF-induced HNSCC metastatic nodules in the lung. Our data suggest that the RBPs/fibronectin axis is essential for EGF-induced tumor-endothelial cell interactions to enhance HNSCC cell metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiunn-Min Shieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ting-Wei Chang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jing-He Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Song-Ping Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Lu Kao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Liang-Yi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Jui Yen
- Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yun-Ju Chen
- School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ben-Kuen Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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Ellis K, Wood R. The Comparative Invasiveness of Endometriotic Cell Lines to Breast and Endometrial Cancer Cell Lines. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1003. [PMID: 37371583 DOI: 10.3390/biom13061003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is an invasive condition that affects 10% of women (and people assigned as female at birth) worldwide. The purpose of this study was to characterize the relative invasiveness of three available endometriotic cell lines (EEC12Z, iEc-ESCs, tHESCs) to cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, SW1353 and EM-E6/E7/TERT) and assess whether the relative invasiveness was consistent across different invasion assays. All cell lines were subjected to transwell, spheroid drop, and spheroid-gel invasion assays, and stained for vimentin, cytokeratin, E-Cadherin and N-Cadherin to assess changes in expression. In all assays, endometriotic cell lines showed comparable invasiveness to the cancer cell lines used in this study, with no significant differences in invasiveness identified. EEC12Z cells that had invaded within the assay periods showed declines in E-Cadherin expression compared to cells that had not invaded within the assay period, without significant changes in N-Cadherin expression, which may support the hypothesis that an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is an influence on the invasiveness shown by this peritoneal endometriosis cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Ellis
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
- Endometriosis New Zealand, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
| | - Rachael Wood
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
- The Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
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6
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Shaughness MC, Pierron N, Smith AN, Byrnes KR. The Integrin Pathway Partially Mediates Stretch-Induced Deficits in Primary Rat Microglia. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:3396-3412. [PMID: 36856961 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03291-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Stretch-injured microglia display significantly altered morphology, function and inflammatory-associated gene expression when cultured on a synthetic fibronectin substrate. However, the mechanism by which stretch induces these changes is unknown. Integrins, such as α5β1, mediate microglial attachment to fibronectin via the RGD binding peptide; following integrin ligation the integrin-associated signaling enzyme, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), autophosphorylates tyrosine residue 397 and mediates multiple downstream cellular processes. We therefore hypothesize that blocking the RGD binding/integrin pathway with a commercially available RGD peptide will mimic the stretch-induced morphological alterations and functional deficits in microglia. Further, we hypothesize that upregulation of stretch-inhibited downstream integrin signaling will reverse these effects. Using primary rat microglia, we tested the effects of RGD binding peptide and a FAK activator on cellular function and structure and response to stretch-injury. Similar to injured cells, RGD peptide administration significantly decreases media nitric oxide (NO) levels and iNOS expression and induced morphological alterations and migratory deficits. While stretch-injury and RGD peptide administration decreased phosphorylation of the tyrosine 397 residue on FAK, 20 nM of ZINC 40099027, an activator specific to the tyrosine 397 residue, rescued the stretch-induced decrease in FAK phosphorylation and ameliorated the injury-induced decrease in media NO levels, iNOS expression and inflammatory associated gene expression. Additionally, treatment alleviated morphological changes observed after stretch-injury and restored normal migratory behavior to control levels. Taken together, these data suggest that the integrin/FAK pathway partially mediates the stretch-injured phenotype in microglia, and may serve as a pathway to modulate microglial responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Shaughness
- Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.,Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate (OUMD), En Route & Critical Care Department (ECD), Naval Medical Research Center (NMRC), Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Nathan Pierron
- F.E. Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Austin N Smith
- Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Kimberly R Byrnes
- Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA. .,Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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7
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Xue Q, Varady SR, Waddell TQA, Roman MR, Carrington J, Roh-Johnson M. Lack of Paxillin phosphorylation promotes single-cell migration in vivo. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:213850. [PMID: 36723624 PMCID: PMC9929932 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202206078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesions are structures that physically link the cell to the extracellular matrix for cell migration. Although cell culture studies have provided a wealth of information regarding focal adhesion biology, it is critical to understand how focal adhesions are dynamically regulated in their native environment. We developed a zebrafish system to visualize focal adhesion structures during single-cell migration in vivo. We find that a key site of phosphoregulation (Y118) on Paxillin exhibits reduced phosphorylation in migrating cells in vivo compared to in vitro. Furthermore, expression of a non-phosphorylatable version of Y118-Paxillin increases focal adhesion disassembly and promotes cell migration in vivo, despite inhibiting cell migration in vitro. Using a mouse model, we further find that the upstream kinase, focal adhesion kinase, is downregulated in cells in vivo, and cells expressing non-phosphorylatable Y118-Paxillin exhibit increased activation of the CRKII-DOCK180/RacGEF pathway. Our findings provide significant new insight into the intrinsic regulation of focal adhesions in cells migrating in their native environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xue
- https://ror.org/03r0ha626Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sophia R.S. Varady
- https://ror.org/03r0ha626Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Mackenzie R. Roman
- https://ror.org/03r0ha626Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - James Carrington
- https://ror.org/03r0ha626Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA,School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Minna Roh-Johnson
- https://ror.org/03r0ha626Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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8
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Eupafolin regulates non-small-cell lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by suppressing MMP9 and RhoA via FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. J Biosci 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-022-00323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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9
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Polymer Thin Film Promotes Tumor Spheroid Formation via JAK2-STAT3 Signaling Primed by Fibronectin-Integrin α5 and Sustained by LMO2-LDB1 Complex. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112684. [DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are considered promising targets for anti-cancer therapy owing to their role in tumor progression. Extensive research is, therefore, being carried out on CSCs to identify potential targets for anti-cancer therapy. However, this requires the availability of patient-derived CSCs ex vivo, which remains restricted due to the low availability and diversity of CSCs. To address this limitation, a functional polymer thin-film (PTF) platform was invented to induce the transformation of cancer cells into tumorigenic spheroids. In this study, we demonstrated the functionality of a new PTF, polymer X, using a streamlined production process. Polymer X induced the formation of tumor spheroids with properties of CSCs, as revealed through the upregulated expression of CSC-related genes. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation in the cancer cells cultured on polymer X was upregulated by the fibronectin-integrin α5-Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) axis and maintained by the cytosolic LMO2/LBD1 complex. In addition, STAT3 signaling was critical in spheroid formation on polymer X. Our PTF platform allows the efficient generation of tumor spheroids from cancer cells, thereby overcoming the existing limitations of cancer research.
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Tan X, Liu Z, Wang Y, Wu Z, Zou Y, Luo S, Tang Y, Chen D, Yuan G, Yao K. miR-138-5p-mediated HOXD11 promotes cell invasion and metastasis by activating the FN1/MMP2/MMP9 pathway and predicts poor prognosis in penile squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:816. [PMID: 36151071 PMCID: PMC9508180 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The presence and extent of regional lymph node and distant metastasis are the most fatal prognostic factors in penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC). However, the available biomarkers and detailed mechanisms underlying the metastasis of PSCC remain elusive. Here, we explored the expression landscape of HOX genes in twelve paired PSCC tissues, including primary tumors, metastatic lymph nodes and corresponding normal tissues, and highlighted that HOXD11 was indispensable in the progression of PSCC. HOXD11 was upregulated in PSCC cell lines and tumors, especially in metastatic lymph nodes. High HOXD11 expression was associated with aggressive features, such as advanced pN stages, extranodal extension, pelvic lymph node and distant metastasis, and predicted poor survival. Furthermore, tumorigenesis assays demonstrated that knockdown of HOXD11 not only inhibited the capability of cell proliferation, invasion and tumor growth but also reduced the burden of metastatic lymph nodes. Further mechanistic studies indicated that miR-138-5p was a tumor suppressor in PSCC by inhibiting the translation of HOXD11 post-transcriptionally through binding to the 3' untranslated region. Furthermore, HOXD11 activated the transcription of FN1 to decompose the extracellular matrix and to promote epithelial mesenchymal transition-like phenotype metastasis via FN1/MMP2/MMP9 pathways. Our study revealed that HOXD11 is a promising prognostic biomarker and predicts advanced disease with poor outcomes, which could serve as a potential therapeutic target for PSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingliang Tan
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China ,grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China ,grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China ,grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China ,grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Wang
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China ,grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China ,grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Wu
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China ,grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China ,grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuantao Zou
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China ,grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China ,grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sihao Luo
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China ,grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China ,grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Tang
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China ,grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China ,grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Chen
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China ,grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China ,grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gangjun Yuan
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Department of Urology Oncological Surgery, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China ,grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai Yao
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China ,grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China ,grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Butelmann T, Gu Y, Li A, Tribukait-Riemenschneider F, Hoffmann J, Molazem A, Jaeger E, Pellegrini D, Forget A, Shastri VP. 3D Printed Solutions for Spheroid Engineering and Cancer Research. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158188. [PMID: 35897762 PMCID: PMC9331260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In multicellular organisms, cells are organized in a 3-dimensional framework and this is essential for organogenesis and tissue morphogenesis. Systems to recapitulate 3D cell growth are therefore vital for understanding development and cancer biology. Cells organized in 3D environments can evolve certain phenotypic traits valuable to physiologically relevant models that cannot be accessed in 2D culture. Cellular spheroids constitute an important aspect of in vitro tumor biology and they are usually prepared using the hanging drop method. Here a 3D printed approach is demonstrated to fabricate bespoke hanging drop devices for the culture of tumor cells. The design attributes of the hanging drop device take into account the need for high-throughput, high efficacy in spheroid formation, and automation. Specifically, in this study, custom-fit, modularized hanging drop devices comprising of inserts (Q-serts) were designed and fabricated using fused filament deposition (FFD). The utility of the Q-serts in the engineering of unicellular and multicellular spheroids-synthetic tumor microenvironment mimics (STEMs)—was established using human (cancer) cells. The culture of spheroids was automated using a pipetting robot and bioprinted using a custom bioink based on carboxylated agarose to simulate a tumor microenvironment (TME). The spheroids were characterized using light microscopy and histology. They showed good morphological and structural integrity and had high viability throughout the entire workflow. The systems and workflow presented here represent a user-focused 3D printing-driven spheroid culture platform which can be reliably reproduced in any research environment and scaled to- and on-demand. The standardization of spheroid preparation, handling, and culture should eliminate user-dependent variables, and have a positive impact on translational research to enable direct comparison of scientific findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Butelmann
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Yawei Gu
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Aijun Li
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Fabian Tribukait-Riemenschneider
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Julius Hoffmann
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Amin Molazem
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Ellen Jaeger
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Diana Pellegrini
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Aurelien Forget
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
| | - V. Prasad Shastri
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (T.B.); (Y.G.); (A.L.); (F.T.-R.); (J.H.); (A.M.); (E.J.); (D.P.); (A.F.)
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Correspondence: or
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12
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Wang LH, Chang CC, Cheng CY, Liang YJ, Pei D, Sun JT, Chen YL. MCRS1 Expression Regulates Tumor Activity and Affects Survival Probability of Patients with Gastric Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12061502. [PMID: 35741311 PMCID: PMC9221628 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12061502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Surgery remains the first-choice treatment. Chemotherapy is considered in the middle and advanced stages, but has limited success. Microspherule protein 1 (MCRS1, also known as MSP58) is a protein originally identified in the nucleus and cytoplasm that is involved in the cell cycle. High expression of MCRS1 increases tumor growth, invasiveness, and metastasis. The mechanistic relationships between MCSR1 and proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) remain to be elucidated. We clarified these relationships using immunostaining of tumor tissues and normal tissues from patients with gastric cancer. High MCRS1 expression in gastric cancer positively correlated with Ki-67, Caspase3, CD31, Fibronectin, pAKT, and pAMPK. The hazard ratio of high MCRS1 expression was 2.44 times that of low MCRS1 expression, negatively impacting patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Han Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 220, Taiwan; (L.-H.W.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Chih-Chun Chang
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 220, Taiwan;
| | - Chiao-Yin Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 220, Taiwan; (L.-H.W.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan;
| | - Yao-Jen Liang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan;
| | - Dee Pei
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan;
| | - Jen-Tang Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 220, Taiwan; (L.-H.W.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.-T.S.); (Y.-L.C.); Tel.: +886-2-7728-1843 (J.-T.S.); +886-2-8792-3311 (ext. 16756) (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-T.S.); (Y.-L.C.); Tel.: +886-2-7728-1843 (J.-T.S.); +886-2-8792-3311 (ext. 16756) (Y.-L.C.)
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13
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Smit MM, Feller KJ, You L, Storteboom J, Begce Y, Beerens C, Chien MP. Spatially Annotated Single Cell Sequencing for Unraveling Intratumor Heterogeneity. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:829509. [PMID: 35273957 PMCID: PMC8902076 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.829509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratumor heterogeneity is a major obstacle to effective cancer treatment. Current methods to study intratumor heterogeneity using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) lack information on the spatial organization of cells. While state-of-the art spatial transcriptomics methods capture the spatial distribution, they either lack single cell resolution or have relatively low transcript counts. Here, we introduce spatially annotated single cell sequencing, based on the previously developed functional single cell sequencing (FUNseq) technique, to spatially profile tumor cells with deep scRNA-seq and single cell resolution. Using our approach, we profiled cells located at different distances from the center of a 2D epithelial cell mass. By profiling the cell patch in concentric bands of varying width, we showed that cells at the outermost edge of the patch responded strongest to their local microenvironment, behaved most invasively, and activated the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to migrate to low-confluence areas. We inferred cell-cell communication networks and demonstrated that cells in the outermost ∼10 cell wide band, which we termed the invasive edge, induced similar phenotypic plasticity in neighboring regions. Applying FUNseq to spatially annotate and profile tumor cells enables deep characterization of tumor subpopulations, thereby unraveling the mechanistic basis for intratumor heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrthe M. Smit
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kate J. Feller
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Li You
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jelle Storteboom
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yasin Begce
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cecile Beerens
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Miao-Ping Chien
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Miao-Ping Chien,
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14
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Yin Y, Liu Q, Shao Y, He X, Zhu Q, Lu S, Liu P. Regulatory mechanism of androgen receptor on NCAPD3 gene expression in prostate cancer. Prostate 2022; 82:26-40. [PMID: 34591337 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgen receptor (AR) is an essential transcriptional factor that contributes to the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). NCAPD3 is a component of the condensin II complex and plays a critical role in cell mitosis by regulating chromosome condensation; however, the relationship between NCAPD3 and AR remains unknown. METHODS Transcriptome sequencing assay is carried out to analyze the expression of the NCAP family in clinic samples. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing, ChIP assay, and dual-luciferase assay are used to identify the androgen-responsive element in NCAPD3 enhancer. Immunohistochemistry, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and western-blot assay are employed to check the expression of genes in PCa tissues and in PCa cells. Confocal immunofluorescence microscopy analysis is used for identifying the regulation of AR on NCAPD3-mediated chromosome condensation. Colony formation, cell cycle assay, wound healing assay, and transwell experiments are used to explore the regulation of AR on the functions of NCAPD3. In vivo experiment is employed to identify in vitro experimental results. RESULTS NCAPD3 is an androgen/AR axis-targeted gene and is involved in AR-induced PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Androgen treatment and AR overexpression increase the expression of NCAPD3 in PCa cell lines. The canonical exist in the enhancer region of NCAPD3. Androgen/AR axis regulates NCAPD3-invovled chromosome condensation during cell mitosis. CONCLUSIONS Our report demonstrated that NCAPD3 is an androgen-responsive gene and upregulated by androgen/AR axis and involved in AR-promoted progression of PCa, suggesting a potential role of NCAPD3 in the PCa development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yin
- Department of Biochemistry,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianmei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingying Shao
- Department of Biochemistry,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyuan He
- Department of Biochemistry,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingyi Zhu
- Department of Urology Surgery, Central Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Biochemistry,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Biochemistry,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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15
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Lan C, Tang H, Liu S, Ma L, Li J, Wang X, Hou Y. Comprehensive analysis of prognostic value and immune infiltration of calpains in pancreatic cancer. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:2600-2621. [PMID: 35070391 PMCID: PMC8748070 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calpains (CAPNs) are intracellular calcium-activated neutral cysteine proteinases involved in cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. However, its role in pancreatic cancer (PC) is still unclear. This study aims to identify the prognostic value and immune infiltration of CAPNs for PC patients using comprehensive bioinformatics analyzes. METHODS We analyzed the transcription levels of CAPNs in different cancers from Oncomine, differential gene expression in tumor/normal tissues and pathological stage through GEPIA database, the prognostic value of the mRNA expression of CAPNs by Kaplan-Meier plotter, the protein expression comparison of different CAPNs in human tumor/normal tissues from The Human Protein Atla, the CAPNs gene alterations through cBioPortal, the prediction of protein-protein interactions by STRING and GeneMANIA, the functional enrichment of discrepant CAPNs by GO and KEGG, and the immune infiltration of CAPNs by ssGSEA. RESULTS Our results showed that CAPN1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, and 12 were highly expressed in PC. CAPN1, 5, 8, and 12 expression levels were positively correlated with individual cancer stages. Furthermore, CAPN1, 2, 5, and 8 expression levels were negatively correlated with overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS), while CAPN10 was positively correlated with OS and RFS. We found that CAPN1, 2, 5, and 8 were correlated with tumor-infiltrating T follicular helper cells and CAPN10 with tumor-infiltrating T helper 2 cells. Functional enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed CAPNs (CAPN1, 2, 5, 8, and 10) are involved in axonogenesis, cell-substrate adhesion, immune response-activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway, and cell junction organization in PC. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that CAPN1, 2, 5, 8, and 10 could be used as prognostic biomarkers in PC and improve individualized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Lan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Center of Severe Acute Pancreatitis, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Haoyou Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Center of Severe Acute Pancreatitis, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Center of Severe Acute Pancreatitis, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Center of Severe Acute Pancreatitis, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jianshui Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Center of Severe Acute Pancreatitis, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifu Hou
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Organ Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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16
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Li H, Gao Y, Ren C. Focal adhesion kinase inhibitor BI 853520 inhibits cell proliferation, migration and EMT process through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in ovarian cancer. Discov Oncol 2021; 12:29. [PMID: 35201437 PMCID: PMC8777525 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-021-00425-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation has been reported to be associated with cell progression and metastasis in a wide variety of cancer cells. Target treatment by inhibiting FAK has achieved remarkable effects in several cancers, but the effect in ovarian cancer has not been reported. In this study, we determined the role and the underlying molecular mechanism of BI853520, a novel small chemical FAK inhibitor against ovarian cancer. Results show that phosphorylated FAK tyrosine 397 (p-FAK Y397) is highly expressed in ovarian cancer tumor tissues and cell lines (SKOV3 and OVCAR3). BI853520 treatment greatly suppresses cell proliferation, viability, migration, invasion, decreases anchorage-independent growth and motility in vitro. Besides, treatment with BI853520 increases biologic effects following combination with chemotherapy in ovarian cancer cell lines. In addition, BI853520 suppresses EMT in ovarian cancer cell lines. Mechanically, BI853520 treatment downregulates the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway. Finally, mice model experiments confirm BI853520 treatment dramatically reduces tumor growth in vivo and suppresses the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that focal adhesion kinase inhibitor BI853520 inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT process through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in ovarian cancer, and BI853520 can offer a preclinical rationale for targeting repression of FAK in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhi Gao
- Department of High School, Wuhan Maple Leaf International School, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenchen Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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17
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FAK inhibitors as promising anticancer targets: present and future directions. Future Med Chem 2021; 13:1559-1590. [PMID: 34340532 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2021-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
FAK, a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, has been recognized as a novel target class for the development of targeted anticancer agents. Overexpression of FAK is a common occurrence in several solid tumors, in which the kinase has been implicated in promoting metastases. Consequently, designing and developing potent FAK inhibitors is becoming an attractive goal, and FAK inhibitors are being recognized as a promising tool in our armamentarium for treating diverse cancers. This review comprehensively summarizes the different classes of synthetically derived compounds that have been reported as potent FAK inhibitors in the last three decades. Finally, the future of FAK-targeting smart drugs that are designed to slow down the emergence of drug resistance is discussed.
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18
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Anbar HS, Isa Z, Elounais JJ, Jameel MA, Zib JH, Samer AM, Jawad AF, El-Gamal MI. Steroid sulfatase inhibitors: the current landscape. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2021; 31:453-472. [PMID: 33783295 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2021.1910237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Steroid sulfatase (STS) enzyme is responsible for transforming the inactive sulfate metabolites of steroid sex hormones into the active free steroids. Both the deficiency and the over-expression of STS are associated with the pathophysiology of certain diseases. This article provides the readership with a comprehensive review about STS enzyme and its recently reported inhibitors.Areas covered: In the present article, we reviewed the structure, location, and substrates of STS enzyme, physiological functions of STS, and disease states related to over-expression or deficiency of STS enzyme. STS inhibitors reported during the last five years (2016-present) have been reviewed as well.Expert opinion: Irosustat is the most successful STS inhibitor drug candidate so far. It is currently under investigation in clinical trials for treatment of estrogen-dependent breast cancer. Non-steroidal sulfamate is the most favorable scaffold for STS inhibitor design. They can be beneficial for the treatment of hormone-dependent cancers and neurodegenerative disorders without significant estrogenic side effects. Moreover, dual-acting molecules (inhibitors of STS + another synergistic mechanism) can be therapeutically efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan S Anbar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapeutics, Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zahraa Isa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapeutics, Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jana J Elounais
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapeutics, Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mariam A Jameel
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapeutics, Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Joudi H Zib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapeutics, Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aya M Samer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapeutics, Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aya F Jawad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapeutics, Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed I El-Gamal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt
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Cayetano-Salazar L, Olea-Flores M, Zuñiga-Eulogio MD, Weinstein-Oppenheimer C, Fernández-Tilapa G, Mendoza-Catalán MA, Zacapala-Gómez AE, Ortiz-Ortiz J, Ortuño-Pineda C, Navarro-Tito N. Natural isoflavonoids in invasive cancer therapy: From bench to bedside. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4092-4110. [PMID: 33720455 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a public health problem worldwide, and one of the crucial steps within tumor progression is the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, which are directly related to cancer-associated deaths in patients. Recognizing the molecular markers involved in invasion and metastasis is essential to find targeted therapies in cancer. Interestingly, about 50% of the discovered drugs used in chemotherapy have been obtained from natural sources such as plants, including isoflavonoids. Until now, most drugs are used in chemotherapy targeting proliferation and apoptosis-related molecules. Here, we review recent studies about the effect of isoflavonoids on molecular targets and signaling pathways related to invasion and metastasis in cancer cell cultures, in vivo assays, and clinical trials. This review also reports that glycitein, daidzein, and genistein are the isoflavonoids most studied in preclinical and clinical trials and displayed the most anticancer activity targeting invasion-related proteins such as MMP-2 and MMP-9 and also EMT-associated proteins. Therefore, the diversity of isoflavonoids is promising molecules to be used as chemotherapeutic in invasive cancer. In the future, more clinical trials are needed to validate the effectiveness of the various natural isoflavonoids in the treatment of invasive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Cayetano-Salazar
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Miriam D Zuñiga-Eulogio
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | | | - Gloria Fernández-Tilapa
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Mendoza-Catalán
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Ana E Zacapala-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Julio Ortiz-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Carlos Ortuño-Pineda
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Gro, Mexico
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Naso LG, Martínez VR, Ferrer EG, Williams PAM. Antimetastatic effects of VOflavonoid complexes on A549 cell line. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 64:126690. [PMID: 33260045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most frequent type of lung cancer and more than 90 % of mortality is due to metastasis-related deaths. Flavonoids are considered nutraceuticals due to the variety of pharmacological properties. In this paper, we studied the effects of baicalin, silibinin, apigenin, luteolin, and its oxidovanadium(IV) cation complexes on the viability, adhesion to fibronectin, invasion, and migration on human lung cancer cell line A549. In addition, in order to complete the study of the interaction of VOflavonoids and bovine serum albumin (BSA), the binding ability of silibinin and VOsil to the protein was evaluated. METHOD To establish the non-cytotoxic concentration range of the tested compounds, the cancer cell viability was evaluated using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cell migration and invasion assays were performed using Boyden chambers and adhesion assay using MTT method. The interaction of compounds with BSA were investigated in physiological buffer (pH = 7.4) by fluorescence spectroscopy. RESULTS All complexes inhibited the metastatic cascade steps to a greater extent than their respective ligands. Likewise, based on binding constant values (Kb) for BSA-silibinin and BSA-VOsil, we can suggest that both compounds can interact with the protein. CONCLUSION Although all the complexes suppressed cell adhesion, invasion and migration, VOlut can be considered as a good candidate to continue the trials because it presented encouraging results as a potential antitumor and antimetastatic agent, and can be transported by BSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana G Naso
- CEQUINOR-CONICET-CICPBA-UNLP, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bv. 120 N° 1465, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Valeria R Martínez
- CEQUINOR-CONICET-CICPBA-UNLP, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bv. 120 N° 1465, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Evelina G Ferrer
- CEQUINOR-CONICET-CICPBA-UNLP, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bv. 120 N° 1465, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Patricia A M Williams
- CEQUINOR-CONICET-CICPBA-UNLP, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bv. 120 N° 1465, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
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21
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Sanookpan K, Nonpanya N, Sritularak B, Chanvorachote P. Ovalitenone Inhibits the Migration of Lung Cancer Cells via the Suppression of AKT/mTOR and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030638. [PMID: 33530617 PMCID: PMC7866203 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the major cause of about 90% of cancer deaths. As epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is known for potentiating metastasis, this study aimed to elucidate the effect of ovalitenone on the suppression of EMT and metastasis-related behaviors, including cell movement and growth under detached conditions, and cancer stem cells (CSCs), of lung cancer cells. Methods: Cell viability and cell proliferation were determined by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazo-liumbromide (MTT) and colony formation assays. Cell migration and invasion were analyzed using a wound-healing assay and Boyden chamber assay, respectively. Anchorage-independent cell growth was determined. Cell protrusions (filopodia) were detected by phalloidin-rhodamine staining. Cancer stem cell phenotypes were assessed by spheroid formation. The proteins involved in cell migration and EMT were evaluated by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining. Results: Ovalitenone was used at concentrations of 0–200 μM. While it caused no cytotoxic effects on lung cancer H460 and A549 cells, ovalitenone significantly suppressed anchorage-independent growth, CSC-like phenotypes, colony formation, and the ability of the cancer to migrate and invade cells. The anti-migration activity was confirmed by the reduction of filopodia in the cells treated with ovalitenone. Interestingly, we found that ovalitenone could significantly decrease the levels of N-cadherin, snail, and slug, while it increased E-cadherin, indicating EMT suppression. Additionally, the regulatory signaling of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), ATP-dependent tyrosine kinase (AKT), the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42) was suppressed by ovalitenone. Conclusions: The results suggest that ovalitenone suppresses EMT via suppression of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In addition, ovalitenone exhibited potential for the suppression of CSC phenotypes. These data reveal the anti-metastasis potential of the compound and support the development of ovalitenone treatment for lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittipong Sanookpan
- Cell-Based Drug and Health Product Development Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (K.S.); (N.N.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nongyao Nonpanya
- Cell-Based Drug and Health Product Development Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (K.S.); (N.N.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Boonchoo Sritularak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Cell-Based Drug and Health Product Development Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (K.S.); (N.N.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +662-218-8344
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22
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SRC Signaling in Cancer and Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1270:57-71. [PMID: 33123993 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-47189-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pioneering experiments performed by Harold Varmus and Mike Bishop in 1976 led to one of the most influential discoveries in cancer research and identified the first cancer-causing oncogene called Src. Later experimental and clinical evidence suggested that Src kinase plays a significant role in promoting tumor growth and progression and its activity is associated with poor patient survival. Thus, several Src inhibitors were developed and approved by FDA for treatment of cancer patients. Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a highly complex and dynamic milieu where significant cross-talk occurs between cancer cells and TME components, which consist of tumor-associated macrophages, fibroblasts, and other immune and vascular cells. Growth factors and chemokines activate multiple signaling cascades in TME and induce multiple kinases and pathways, including Src, leading to tumor growth, invasion/metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and progression. Here, we will systemically evaluate recent findings regarding regulation of Src and significance of targeting Src in cancer therapy.
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23
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Hou J, Yan D, Liu Y, Huang P, Cui H. The Roles of Integrin α5β1 in Human Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:13329-13344. [PMID: 33408483 PMCID: PMC7781020 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s273803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix has important roles in tissue integrity and human health. Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors that are composed by two non-covalently linked alpha and beta subunits that mainly participate in the interaction of cell-cell adhesion and cell-extracellular matrix and regulate cell motility, adhesion, differentiation, migration, proliferation, etc. In mammals, there have been eighteen α subunits and 8 β subunits and so far 24 distinct types of αβ integrin heterodimers have been identified in humans. Integrin α5β1, also known as the fibronectin receptor, is a heterodimer with α5 and β1 subunits and has emerged as an essential mediator in many human carcinomas. Integrin α5β1 alteration is closely linked to the progression of several types of human cancers, including cell proliferation, angiogenesis, tumor metastasis, and cancerogenesis. In this review, we will introduce the functions of integrin α5β1 in cancer progression and also explore its regulatory mechanisms. Additionally, the potential clinical applications as a target for cancer imaging and therapy are discussed. Collectively, the information reviewed here may increase the understanding of integrin α5β1 as a potential therapeutic target for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Du Yan
- Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China
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24
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Parker AL, Cox TR. The Role of the ECM in Lung Cancer Dormancy and Outgrowth. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1766. [PMID: 33014869 PMCID: PMC7516130 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The dissemination of tumor cells to local and distant sites presents a significant challenge in the clinical management of many solid tumors. These cells may remain dormant for months or years before overt metastases are re-awakened. The components of the extracellular matrix, their posttranslational modifications and their associated factors provide mechanical, physical and chemical cues to these disseminated tumor cells. These cues regulate the proliferative and survival capacity of these cells and lay the foundation for their engraftment and colonization. Crosstalk between tumor cells, stromal and immune cells within primary and secondary sites is fundamental to extracellular matrix remodeling that feeds back to regulate tumor cell dormancy and outgrowth. This review will examine the role of the extracellular matrix and its associated factors in establishing a fertile soil from which individual tumor cells and micrometastases establish primary and secondary tumors. We will focus on the role of the lung extracellular matrix in providing the architectural support for local metastases in lung cancer, and distant metastases in many solid tumors. This review will define how the matrix and matrix associated components are collectively regulated by lung epithelial cells, fibroblasts and resident immune cells to orchestrate tumor dormancy and outgrowth in the lung. Recent advances in targeting these lung-resident tumor cell subpopulations to prevent metastatic disease will be discussed. The development of novel matrix-targeted strategies have the potential to significantly reduce the burden of metastatic disease in lung and other solid tumors and significantly improve patient outcome in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia L Parker
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas R Cox
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
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25
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(-)-Oleocanthal as a Dual c-MET-COX2 Inhibitor for the Control of Lung Cancer. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061749. [PMID: 32545325 PMCID: PMC7353354 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) represents the topmost mortality-causing cancer in the U.S. LC patients have overall poor survival rate with limited available treatment options. Dysregulation of the mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (c-MET) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) initiates aggressive LC profile in a subset of patients. The Mediterranean extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO)-rich diet already documented to reduce multiple malignancies incidence. (-)-Oleocanthal (OC) is a naturally occurring phenolic secoiridoid exclusively occurring in EVOO and showed documented anti-breast and other cancer activities via targeting c-MET. This study shows the novel ability of OC to suppress LC progression and metastasis through dual targeting of c-MET and COX-2. Western blot analysis and COX enzymatic assay showed significant reduction in the total and activated c-MET levels and inhibition of COX1/2 activity in the lung adenocarcinoma cells A549 and NCI-H322M, in vitro. In addition, OC treatment caused a dose-dependent inhibition of the HGF-induced LC cells migration. Daily oral treatment with 10 mg/kg OC for 8 weeks significantly suppressed the LC A549-Luc progression and prevented metastasis to brain and other organs in a nude mouse tail vein injection model. Further, microarray data of OC-treated lung tumors showed a distinct gene signature that confirmed the dual targeting of c-MET and COX2. Thus, the EVOO-based OC is an effective lead with translational potential for use as a prospective nutraceutical to control LC progression and metastasis.
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26
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Cao Q, Dong Z, Liu S, An G, Yan B, Lei L. Construction of a metastasis-associated ceRNA network reveals a prognostic signature in lung cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:208. [PMID: 32518519 PMCID: PMC7271455 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide, and metastasis is the leading cause of lung cancer related death. However, the molecular network involved in lung cancer metastasis remains incompletely described. Here, we aimed to construct a metastasis-associated ceRNA network and identify a lncRNA prognostic signature in lung cancer. Methods RNA expression profiles were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to investigate the function of these genes. Using Cox regression analysis, we found that a 6 lncRNA signature may serve as a candidate prognostic factor in lung cancer. Finally, we used Transwell assays with lung cancer cell lines to verify that LINC01010 acts as a tumor suppressor. Results We identified 1249 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, 440 DE lncRNAs and 26 DE miRNAs between nonmetastatic and metastatic lung cancer tissues. GO and KEGG analyses confirmed that the identified DE mRNAs are involved in lung cancer metastasis. Using bioinformatics tools, we constructed a metastasis-associated ceRNA network for lung cancer that includes 117 mRNAs, 23 lncRNAs and 22 miRNAs. We then identified a 6 lncRNA signature (LINC01287, SNAP25-AS1, LINC00470, AC104809.2, LINC00645 and LINC01010) that had the greatest prognostic value for lung cancer. Furthermore, we found that suppression of LINC01010 promoted lung cancer cell migration and invasion. Conclusions This study might provide insight into the identification of potential lncRNA biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069 Shaanxi China
| | - Zewen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069 Shaanxi China
| | - Shuzhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069 Shaanxi China
| | - Guoyan An
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069 Shaanxi China
| | - Bianbian Yan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069 Shaanxi China
| | - Lei Lei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069 Shaanxi China
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27
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Efthymiou G, Saint A, Ruff M, Rekad Z, Ciais D, Van Obberghen-Schilling E. Shaping Up the Tumor Microenvironment With Cellular Fibronectin. Front Oncol 2020; 10:641. [PMID: 32426283 PMCID: PMC7203475 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal tissue homeostasis and architecture restrain tumor growth. Thus, for a tumor to develop and spread, malignant cells must overcome growth-repressive inputs from surrounding tissue and escape immune surveillance mechanisms that curb cancer progression. This is achieved by promoting the conversion of a physiological microenvironment to a pro-tumoral state and it requires a constant dialog between malignant cells and ostensibly normal cells of adjacent tissue. Pro-tumoral reprogramming of the stroma is accompanied by an upregulation of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and their cognate receptors. Fibronectin (FN) is one such component of the tumor matrisome. This large multidomain glycoprotein dimer expressed over a wide range of human cancers is assembled by cell-driven forces into a fibrillar array that provides an obligate scaffold for the deposition of other matrix proteins and binding sites for functionalization by soluble factors in the tumor microenvironment. Encoded by a single gene, FN regulates the proliferation, motile behavior and fate of multiple cell types, largely through mechanisms that involve integrin-mediated signaling. These processes are coordinated by distinct isoforms of FN, collectively known as cellular FN (as opposed to circulating plasma FN) that arise through alternative splicing of the FN1 gene. Cellular FN isoforms differ in their solubility, receptor binding ability and spatiotemporal expression, and functions that have yet to be fully defined. FN induction at tumor sites constitutes an important step in the acquisition of biological capabilities required for several cancer hallmarks such as sustaining proliferative signaling, promoting angiogenesis, facilitating invasion and metastasis, modulating growth suppressor activity and regulating anti-tumoral immunity. In this review, we will first provide an overview of ECM reprogramming through tumor-stroma crosstalk, then focus on the role of cellular FN in tumor progression with respect to these hallmarks. Last, we will discuss the impact of dysregulated ECM on clinical efficacy of classical (radio-/chemo-) therapies and emerging treatments that target immune checkpoints and explore how our expanding knowledge of the tumor ECM and the central role of FN can be leveraged for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angélique Saint
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, iBV, Nice, France.,Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Michaël Ruff
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, iBV, Nice, France
| | - Zeinab Rekad
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, iBV, Nice, France
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Yadegari S, Saidijam M, Moradi M, Dastan D, Mahdavinezhad A. Aerial Parts of Peucedanum chenur Have Anti-Cancer Properties through the Induction of Apoptosis and Inhibition of Invasion in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2020; 24:314-23. [PMID: 32429645 PMCID: PMC7392135 DOI: 10.29252/ibj.24.5.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: The Peucedanum species have many pharmacological effects due to the presence of coumarins, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and essential fatty acids in these species. In this study, for the first time, the anticancer activity of Peucedanum chenur methanolic extract via the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of invasion in HCT-116 human colon cancer cells was investigated. Methods: P. chenur methanolic extract effect on HCT-116 cells viability and antioxidant activity were evaluated using MTT assay, DPPH, and iron chelating tests, respectively. Changes in mRNA expression level in a panel of relevant genes were assessed by the quantitative real-time PCR. Also, apoptosis was assessed by cell cycle analysis and Annexin V/PI method, and the effect on cell migration was tested using scratch test. Results: P. chenur methanolic extract increased significantly the expression of BAX while decreased the expression of BCL-2, AKT1, FAK, RhoA, and MMP genes compared to the control group. BAX/BCL-2 ratio and apoptosis elevated, whereas cell migration reduced significantly. Besides, our extract showed an appropriate antioxidant activity. Conclusion: P. chenur may be introduced as a new chemopreventive agent in medicine due to its notable power in terms of induction of apoptosis and inhibition of invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Yadegari
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massuod Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Moradi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Dara Dastan
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Mahdavinezhad
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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29
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Moon SJ, Kim JH, Kong SH, Shin CS. Protein Expression of Cyclin B1, Transferrin Receptor, and Fibronectin Is Correlated with the Prognosis of Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2020; 35:132-141. [PMID: 32207273 PMCID: PMC7090291 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2020.35.1.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare cancer with a variable prognosis. Several prognostic factors of ACC have been previously reported, but a proteomic analysis has not yet been performed. This study aimed to investigate prognostic biomarkers for ACC using a proteomic approach. METHODS We used reverse-phase protein array data from The Cancer Proteome Atlas, and identified differentially expressed proteins in metastatic ACCs. Multivariate Cox regression analysis adjusted by age and staging was used for survival analysis, and the C-index and category-free net reclassification improvement (cfNRI) were utilized to evaluate additive prognostic value. RESULTS In 46 patients with ACC, cyclin B1, transferrin receptor (TfR1), and fibronectin were significantly overexpressed in patients with distant metastasis. In multivariate models, high expression of cyclin B1 and TfR1 was significantly associated with mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 6.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 36.7; and HR, 6.59; 95% CI, 1.14 to 38.2; respectively), whereas high fibronectin expression was not (HR, 3.92; 95% CI, 0.75 to 20.4). Combinations of high cyclin B1/high TfR1, high cyclin B1/high fibronectin, and high TfR1/high fibronectin were strongly associated with mortality ([HR, 13.72; 95% CI, 1.89 to 99.66], [HR, 9.22; 95% CI, 1.34 to 63.55], and [HR, 18.59; 95% CI, 2.54 to 135.88], respectively). In reclassification analyses, cyclin B1, TfR1, fibronectin, and combinations thereof improved the prognostic performance (C-index, 0.78 to 0.82-0.86; cfNRI, all P values <0.05). CONCLUSION In ACC patients, the overexpression of cyclin B1, TfR1, and fibronectin and combinations thereof were associated with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Joon Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sung Hye Kong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Soo Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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30
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Lu J, Doyle AD, Shinsato Y, Wang S, Bodendorfer MA, Zheng M, Yamada KM. Basement Membrane Regulates Fibronectin Organization Using Sliding Focal Adhesions Driven by a Contractile Winch. Dev Cell 2020; 52:631-646.e4. [PMID: 32004443 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We have discovered that basement membrane and its major components can induce rapid, strikingly robust fibronectin organization. In this new matrix assembly mechanism, α5β1 integrin-based focal adhesions slide actively on the underlying matrix toward the ventral cell center through the dynamic shortening of myosin IIA-associated actin stress fibers to drive rapid fibronectin fibrillogenesis distal to the adhesion. This mechanism contrasts with classical fibronectin assembly based on stable or fixed-position focal adhesions containing αVβ3 integrins plus α5β1 integrin translocation into proximal fibrillar adhesions. On basement membrane components, these sliding focal adhesions contain standard focal adhesion constituents but completely lack classical αVβ3 integrins. Instead, peripheral α3β1 or α2β1 adhesions mediate initial cell attachment but over time are switched to α5β1 integrin-based sliding focal adhesions to assemble fibronectin matrix. This basement-membrane-triggered mechanism produces rapid fibronectin fibrillogenesis, providing a mechanistic explanation for the well-known widespread accumulation of fibronectin at many organ basement membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyang Lu
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Andrew D Doyle
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yoshinari Shinsato
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shaohe Wang
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Molly A Bodendorfer
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Minhua Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Kenneth M Yamada
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Veloso ES, Gonçalves INN, Silveira TL, Oliveira FS, Vieira DS, Cassali GD, Del Puerto HL, Ferreira E. Diverse roles of epidermal growth factors receptors in oral and cutaneous canine melanomas. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:24. [PMID: 31996230 PMCID: PMC6988198 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-2249-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epidermal growth factor receptors participate in the physiological processes such as regulation of morphogenesis, proliferation and cell migration, but when overexpressed or overactivated they may play an important role in neoplastic progression. Melanoma is the most aggressive skin neoplasm and is characterized by elevated invasion and low survival rates in both humans and dogs. In human melanomas the overexpression of EGFR, HER3 or HER4 is associated with poor prognosis. In canine melanomas the epidermal growth factor receptors expression has not been evaluated. Therefore, this study evaluated the expression of epidermal growth factor receptors by immunohistochemistry and investigated their relationship with morphological characteristics and proliferative indices in cutaneous and oral canine melanoma. RESULTS In cutaneous melanoma an increased proliferative index was associated with increased cytoplasmic HER4 and reduced EGFR and HER3 protein expression. In oral melanomas, membranous HER2 protein expression correlated with occurrence of emboli, but ERBB2 gene amplification wasn't observed. CONCLUSION Thus, our work evidenced the relationship between HER4 and the stimulus to cell proliferation in cutaneous melanomas, in addition to the relationship between HER2 and the occurrence of emboli in oral melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emerson Soares Veloso
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Ivy Nayra Nascimento Gonçalves
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Tatiany Luiza Silveira
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Fernando Soares Oliveira
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Déborah Soares Vieira
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Geovanni Dantas Cassali
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Helen Lima Del Puerto
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Enio Ferreira
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
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32
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Xu ZD, Hao T, Gan YH. RhoG/Rac1 signaling pathway involved in migration and invasion of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cells. Oral Dis 2019; 26:302-312. [PMID: 31793126 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore whether RhoG/Rac1 was involved in migration and invasion of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). MATERIALS AND METHODS RhoG and Rac1 were evaluated in two SACC cell lines, namely SACC-83 and SACC-LM, with low and high rates of lung metastasis, respectively. Functional changes were evaluated using cell proliferation, transwell, and wound-healing assays, and molecular events were investigated using real-time PCR and Western blot assays. RESULTS RhoG and Rac1 were highly expressed and more activated in SACC-LM cells than in SACC-83 cells. RhoG overexpression promoted SACC-83 cell migration and invasion through activating Rac1. The knockdown of RhoG or Rac1 partially blocked epiregulin-induced migration and invasion in SACC-83 cells. Epiregulin-induced activation of RhoG/Rac1 in SACC-83 cells was blocked by a Src inhibitor, or an AKT inhibitor or AKT siRNA, or an ERK1/2 inhibitor. Moreover, the epiregulin-induced phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1/2 in SACC-83 cells was blocked by a Src inhibitor, and the epiregulin-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was blocked by an AKT inhibitor or AKT siRNA. Overexpression of activated AKT induced activation of ERK1/2 and RhoG. CONCLUSIONS RhoG/Rac1 signaling pathway was involved in SACC cell migration and invasion. RhoG/Rac1 at least partially mediated epiregulin/Src/AKT/ERK1/2 signaling to promote SACC cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Dong Xu
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Hao
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ye-Hua Gan
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Hakimee H, Hutamekalin P, Tanasawet S, Chonpathompikunlert P, Tipmanee V, Sukketsiri W. Metformin Inhibit Cervical Cancer Migration by Suppressing the FAK/Akt Signaling Pathway. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:3539-3545. [PMID: 31870092 PMCID: PMC7173373 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.12.3539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Metformin, an antidiabetic drug, has been previously reported to have anti-cancer activities. However, its role in the control of cancer cell migration remains elusive. Methods: To examine the possible effect of metformin on migration of cervical cancer cells. The related mechanisms were further determined by immunocytochemistry and Western’s blotting assay. Results: The results showed that metformin treatment substantially inhibited the migration ability of cervical cancer cells. Consistently, the filopodia and lamellipodia formation were depleted after exposure to metformin. The suppression of migration mediated through the regulatory proteins such as focal adhesion kinase (FAK), ATP-dependent tyrosine kinase (Akt), Rac1 and RhoA after metformin treatment. Conclusion: Metformin displays antimigration effects in cervical cancer cells by inhibiting filopodia and lamellipodia formation through the suppression of FAK, Akt and its downstream Rac1 and RhoA protein. We propose that metformin could be a novel potential candidate as an antimetastatic cancer drug in the cervical cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henna Hakimee
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Pilaiwanwadee Hutamekalin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla,Thailand
| | - Supita Tanasawet
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla,Thailand
| | - Pennapa Chonpathompikunlert
- Expert Centre of Innovative Health Food (InnoFood), Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Varomyalin Tipmanee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla,Thailand
| | - Wanida Sukketsiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
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34
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Rick JW, Chandra A, Dalle Ore C, Nguyen AT, Yagnik G, Aghi MK. Fibronectin in malignancy: Cancer-specific alterations, protumoral effects, and therapeutic implications. Semin Oncol 2019; 46:284-290. [PMID: 31488338 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Initial studies on cancer primarily focused on malignant cells themselves. The overarching narrative of cancer revolved around unchecked and rapidly proliferating cells. Special attention was given to the molecular, genetic, and metabolic profiles of isolated cancer cells in hopes of elucidating a critical factor in malignancy. However, the scope of cancer research has broadened over the past few decades to include the local environment around cancer. It has become increasingly apparent that the immune cells, vascular networks, and the extracellular matrix all have a part in cancer progression. The impact of the extracellular matrix is particularly fascinating and key stromal changes have been identified in various cancers. Pioneering work studying laminin and hyaluronate has shown that these molecules have vital roles in cancer progression. More recently, fibronectin has been included as an extracellular driver of malignancy. Fibronectin is thought to play a considerable, albeit poorly understood, role in cancer pathogenesis. In this review, we present fundamental studies that have investigated the impact of fibronectin in cancer. As an abundant component of the extracellular matrix, understanding the effect of this molecule has the potential to elucidate cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan W Rick
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Ankush Chandra
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Cecilia Dalle Ore
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Alan T Nguyen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Garima Yagnik
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Manish K Aghi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California.
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35
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Tripathi BK, Anderman MF, Qian X, Zhou M, Wang D, Papageorge AG, Lowy DR. SRC and ERK cooperatively phosphorylate DLC1 and attenuate its Rho-GAP and tumor suppressor functions. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:3060-3076. [PMID: 31308216 PMCID: PMC6719442 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201810098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DLC1 controls focal adhesion dynamics and other processes that suppress tumorigenesis; therefore, it is unclear why some cancers maintain high levels of DLC1. Tripathi et al. show that phosphorylation of DLC1 by SRC and ERK mitigates DLC1’s tumor suppressor activities but these can be reactivated by kinase inhibition as a potential cancer treatment. SRC and ERK kinases control many cell biological processes that promote tumorigenesis by altering the activity of oncogenic and tumor suppressor proteins. We identify here a physiological interaction between DLC1, a focal adhesion protein and tumor suppressor, with SRC and ERK. The tumor suppressor function of DLC1 is attenuated by phosphorylation of tyrosines Y451 and Y701 by SRC, which down-regulates DLC1’s tensin-binding and Rho-GAP activities. ERK1/2 phosphorylate DLC1 on serine S129, which increases both the binding of SRC to DLC1 and SRC-dependent phosphorylation of DLC1. SRC inhibitors exhibit potent antitumor activity in a DLC1-positive transgenic cancer model and a DLC1-positive tumor xenograft model, due to reactivation of the tumor suppressor activities of DLC1. Combined treatment of DLC1-positive tumors with SRC plus AKT inhibitors has even greater antitumor activity. Together, these findings indicate cooperation between the SRC, ERK1/2, and AKT kinases to reduce DLC1 Rho-GAP and tumor suppressor activities in cancer cells, which can be reactivated by the kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brajendra K Tripathi
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Meghan F Anderman
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Xiaolan Qian
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ming Zhou
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | - Dunrui Wang
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Alex G Papageorge
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Douglas R Lowy
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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36
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Zhou Y, Shu C, Huang Y. Fibronectin promotes cervical cancer tumorigenesis through activating FAK signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:10988-10997. [PMID: 30977220 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a cancer arising from the cervix, and it is the fourth most common cause of death in women. Overexpression of fibronectin 1 (FN1) was observed in many tumors and associated with the survival and metastasis of cancer cells. However, the mechanism by which FN1 promotes cervical cancer cell viability, migration, adhesion, and invasion, and inhibits cell apoptosis through focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway remains to be investigated. Our results demonstrated that FN1 was upregulated in patients with cervical cancer and higher FN1 expression correlated with a poor prognosis for patients with cervical cancer. FN1 knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibited SiHa cell viability, migration, invasion, and adhesion, and promoted cell apoptosis. FN1 overexpression in CaSki cell promoted cell viability, migration, invasion, and adhesion, and inhibited cell apoptosis. Further, phosphorylation of FAK, a main downstream signaling molecule of FN1, and the protein expression of Bcl-2/Bax, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), and N-cadherin was upregulated in CaSki cells with FN1 overexpression, but caspase-3 protein expression was downregulated. The FAK phosphorylation inhibitor PF573228 inhibited FN1 overexpression-induced expression of those proteins in CaSki cells with FN1 overexpression. In vivo experiment demonstrated that FN1 knockdown significantly inhibited FN1 expression, phosphorylation of FAK, and tumor growth in xenograft from the nude mice. These results suggest that FN1 regulates the viability, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and adhesion of cervical cancer cells through the FAK signaling pathway and is a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suzhou Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Changzhen Shu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suzhou Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suzhou Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Suzhou, China
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37
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Huaman J, Naidoo M, Zang X, Ogunwobi OO. Fibronectin Regulation of Integrin B1 and SLUG in Circulating Tumor Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060618. [PMID: 31226820 PMCID: PMC6627780 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a critical step in the metastatic cascade and a good tool to study this process. We isolated CTCs from a syngeneic mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and a human xenograft mouse model of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). From these models, novel primary tumor and CTC cell lines were established. CTCs exhibited greater migration than primary tumor-derived cells, as well as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as observed from decreased E-cadherin and increased SLUG and fibronectin expression. Additionally, when fibronectin was knocked down in CTCs, integrin B1 and SLUG were decreased, indicating regulation of these molecules by fibronectin. Investigation of cell surface molecules and secreted cytokines conferring immunomodulatory advantage to CTCs revealed decreased major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) expression and decreased endostatin, C-X-C motif chemokine 5 (CXCL5), and proliferin secretion by CTCs. Taken together, these findings indicate that CTCs exhibit distinct characteristics from primary tumor-derived cells. Furthermore, CTCs demonstrate enhanced migration in part through fibronectin regulation of integrin B1 and SLUG. Further study of CTC biology will likely uncover additional important mechanisms of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette Huaman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of The City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA.
- Department of Biology, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Michelle Naidoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of The City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA.
- Department of Biology, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Xingxing Zang
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, and Medicine (Oncology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Olorunseun O Ogunwobi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of The City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA.
- Department of Biology, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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38
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An T, Qin S, Sun D, Huang Y, Hu Y, Li S, Zhang H, Li B, Situ B, Lie L, Wu Y, Zheng L. Unique Protein Profiles of Extracellular Vesicles as Diagnostic Biomarkers for Early and Advanced Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800160. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taixue An
- Department of Laboratory MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic BiosensorsNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
- Institute of Antibody EngineeringSchool of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Sihua Qin
- Department of Laboratory MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
- Division of Laboratory MedicineZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Dehua Sun
- Department of Laboratory MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic BiosensorsNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Yiyao Huang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic BiosensorsNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Yanwei Hu
- Department of Laboratory MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic BiosensorsNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Shaopeng Li
- Department of Laboratory MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic BiosensorsNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic BiosensorsNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Laboratory MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic BiosensorsNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Bo Situ
- Department of Laboratory MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic BiosensorsNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Linmiao Lie
- Molecular Immunology InstituteSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Yingsong Wu
- Institute of Antibody EngineeringSchool of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic BiosensorsNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong P. R. China
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39
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Chen Y, Chen L, Hong D, Chen Z, Zhang J, Fu L, Pan D, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Gan S, Xiao C, Tao L, Shen X. Baicalein inhibits fibronectin-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by decreasing activation and upregulation of calpain-2. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:341. [PMID: 31000696 PMCID: PMC6472504 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1572-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix protein fibronectin (FN) facilitates tumorigenesis and the development of breast cancer. Inhibition of the FN-induced cellular response is a potential strategy for breast cancer treatment. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the flavonoid baicalein on FN-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in MCF-10A breast epithelial cells and in a transgenic mouse MMTV-polyoma middle T antigen breast cancer model (MMTV-PyMT). Baicalein inhibited FN-induced migration, invasion, and F-actin remodeling. Baicalein also suppressed FN-induced downregulation of the epithelial markers E-cadherin and ZO-1 and upregulation of the mesenchymal markers N-cadherin, vimentin, and Snail. Further investigation revealed that calpain-2 was involved in baicalein suppression of FN-induced EMT. Baicalein significantly decreased FN-enhanced calpain-2 expression and activation by suppressing its plasma membrane localization, substrate cleavage, and degradation of its endogenous inhibitor calpastatin. Overexpression of calpain-2 in MCF-10A cells by gene transfection partially blocked the inhibitory effect of baicalein on FN-induced EMT changes. In addition, baicalein inhibited calpain-2 by decreasing FN-increased intracellular calcium ion levels and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases activation. Baicalein significantly decreased tumor onset, growth, and pulmonary metastasis in a spontaneous breast cancer MMTV-PyMT mouse model. Baicalein also reduced the expression of FN, calpain-2, and vimentin, but increased E-cadherin expression in MMTV-PyMT mouse tumors. Overall, these results revealed that baicalein markedly inhibited FN-induced EMT by inhibiting calpain-2, thus providing novel insights into the pharmacological action and mechanism of baicalein. Baicalein may therefore possess therapeutic potential for the treatment of breast cancer though interfering with extracellular matrix–cancer cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (the State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, the High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China
| | - Lin Chen
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (the State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, the High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China
| | - Duanyang Hong
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (the State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, the High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China
| | - Zongyue Chen
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (the State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, the High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (the State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, the High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China
| | - Lingyun Fu
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (the State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, the High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China
| | - Di Pan
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (the State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, the High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (the State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, the High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China
| | - Yini Xu
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (the State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, the High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China
| | - Shiquan Gan
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (the State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, the High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China
| | - Chaoda Xiao
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (the State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, the High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China
| | - Ling Tao
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (the State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, the High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiangchun Shen
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (the State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, the High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China. .,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China. .,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, China.
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Gonzalez-Avila G, Sommer B, Mendoza-Posada DA, Ramos C, Garcia-Hernandez AA, Falfan-Valencia R. Matrix metalloproteinases participation in the metastatic process and their diagnostic and therapeutic applications in cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 137:57-83. [PMID: 31014516 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) participate from the initial phases of cancer onset to the settlement of a metastatic niche in a second organ. Their role in cancer progression is related to their involvement in the extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and in the regulation and processing of adhesion and cytoskeletal proteins, growth factors, chemokines and cytokines. MMPs participation in cancer progression makes them an attractive target for cancer therapy. MMPs have also been used for theranostic purposes in the detection of primary tumor and metastatic tissue in which a particular MMP is overexpressed, to follow up on therapy responses, and in the activation of cancer cytotoxic pro-drugs as part of nano-delivery-systems that increase drug concentration in a specific tumor target. Herein, we review MMPs molecular characteristics, their synthesis regulation and enzymatic activity, their participation in the metastatic process, and how their functions have been used to improve cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Gonzalez-Avila
- Laboratorio Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Bettina Sommer
- Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Carlos Ramos
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Armando Garcia-Hernandez
- Laboratorio Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ramces Falfan-Valencia
- Laboratorio de HLA, Departamento de Inmunogenética y Alergia, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
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41
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Cao R, Ke M, Wu Q, Tian Q, Liu L, Dai Z, Lu S, Liu P. AZGP1 is androgen responsive and involved in AR‐induced prostate cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17444-17458. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Runyi Cao
- Department of Biochemistry, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Ke
- Department of Biochemistry, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingxin Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Tian
- Department of Biochemistry, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Science and Technology, Central Laboratory Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Zao Dai
- Department of Biochemistry, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
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Chao W, Deng JS, Li PY, Kuo YH, Huang GJ. Inotilone from Inonotus linteus suppresses lung cancer metastasis in vitro and in vivo through ROS-mediated PI3K/AKT/MAPK signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2344. [PMID: 30787353 PMCID: PMC6382761 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38959-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is one of the main causes of mortality in cancer patients. Inotilone, a major component of Inonotus linteus, is a traditional Chinese medical herb. In this study, MTT results showed that inotilone had no obvious cytotoxicity. Animal model results revealed that inotilone suppressed cancer metastatic efficacy. Serum results showed that inotilone reduced the activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) activity as well as NO content. Additionally, inotilone affected MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2 protein expression and improved the activity of the antioxidant enzymes in the lung tissues of LLC-bearing mice. In addition, cell experimental results showed that inotilone reduced the activity of MMP-2/-9 and inhibited the ability for cellular migration and invasion. Inotilone decreased interleukin (IL)-8 expression in A549 cells. Western blot results revealed that inotilone affected the protein expression of MMPs, nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, anti-oxidant enzymes, mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)-AKT, and nuclear factor (NF)κB. Therefore, we propose that inotilone is a potential therapeutic candidate against metastatic lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chao
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Li
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
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Lin JH, Lee WJ, Wu HC, Wu CH, Chen LC, Huang CC, Chang HL, Cheng TC, Chang HW, Ho CT, Tu SH, Ho YS. Small G protein signalling modulator 2 (SGSM2) is involved in oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer metastasis through enhancement of migratory cell adhesion via interaction with E-cadherin. Cell Adh Migr 2019; 13:120-137. [PMID: 30744493 PMCID: PMC6527379 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2019.1568139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of small G protein signalling modulators (SGSM1/2/3) in cancer remains unknown. Our findings demonstrated that SGSM2 is a plasma membrane protein that strongly interacted with E-cadherin/β-catenin. SGSM2 downregulation enhanced the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK; Y576/577), decreased the expression of epithelial markers such as E-cadherin, β-catenin, and Paxillin, and increased the expression of Snail and Twist-1, which reduced cell adhesion and promoted cancer cell migration. Oestrogen and fibronectin treatment was found to promote the colocalization of SGSM2 at the leading edge with phospho-FAK (Y397). The BioGRID database showed that SGSM2 potentially interacts with cytoskeleton remodelling and cell-cell junction proteins. These evidences suggest that SGSM2 plays a role in modulating cell adhesion and cytoskeleton dynamics during cancer migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juo-Han Lin
- a Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology , Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jui Lee
- b Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology , Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Han-Chung Wu
- c Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiung Wu
- d Department of Surgery , School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan.,e Department of General Surgery , En Chu Kong Hospital , New Taipei City , Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Chen
- f Breast Medical Center , Taipei Medical University Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan.,g Taipei Cancer Center , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan.,h TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Huang
- d Department of Surgery , School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan.,i School of Medicine, College of Medicine , Fu-Jen Catholic University , New Taipei City , Taiwan.,j Department of Surgery , Fu-Jen Catholic University Hospital , New Taipei City , Taiwan
| | - Hang-Lung Chang
- e Department of General Surgery , En Chu Kong Hospital , New Taipei City , Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Cheng
- k School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Chang
- l Department of Laboratory Medicine , Taipei Medical University Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- m Department of Food Science , Rutgers University , New Brunswick , NJ , USA
| | - Shih-Hsin Tu
- d Department of Surgery , School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan.,f Breast Medical Center , Taipei Medical University Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan.,g Taipei Cancer Center , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Soon Ho
- h TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan.,k School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan.,l Department of Laboratory Medicine , Taipei Medical University Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan.,n Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan
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Synergistic anticancer effects of timosaponin AIII and ginsenosides in MG63 human osteosarcoma cells. J Ginseng Res 2018; 43:488-495. [PMID: 31308821 PMCID: PMC6606842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Timosaponin AIII (TA3) is a steroidal saponin extracted from Anemarrhena asphodeloides. Here, we investigated the anticancer effects of TA3 in MG63 human osteosarcoma cells. TA3 attenuates migration and invasion of MG63 cells via regulations of two matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP-2 and MMP-9, which are involved with cancer metastasis in various cancer cells. TA3 reduced enzymatic activities and transcriptional expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in MG63 cells. TA3 also inhibited Src, focal adhesion kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, β-catenin, and cAMP response element binding signaling, which regulate migration and invasion of cells. TA3 induced apoptosis of MG63 cells via regulations of caspase-3, caspase-7, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Then, we tested several ginsenosides to be used in combination with TA3 for the synergistic anticancer effects. We found that ginsenosides Rb1 and Rc have synergistic effects on TA3-induced apoptosis in MG63 cells. Methods We investigated the anticancer effects of TA3 and synergistic effects of various ginseng saponins on TA3-induced apoptosis in MG63 cells. To test antimetastatic effects, we performed wound healing migration assay, Boyden chamber invasion assays, gelatin zymography assay, and Western blot analysis. Annexin V/PI staining apoptosis assay was performed to determine the apoptotic effect of TA3 and ginsenosides. Results TA3 attenuated migration and invasion of MG63 cells and induced apoptosis of MG63 cells. Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rc showed the synergistic effects on TA3-induced apoptosis in MG63 cells. Conclusions The results strongly suggest that the combination of TA3 and the two ginsenosides Rb1 and Rc may be a strong candidate for the effective antiosteosarcoma agent.
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Chen J, Wu Y, Zhang L, Fang X, Hu X. Evidence for calpains in cancer metastasis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8233-8240. [PMID: 30370545 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic dissemination represents the final stage of tumor progression as well as the principal cause of cancer-associated deaths. Calpains are a conserved family of calcium-dependent cysteine proteinases with ubiquitous or tissue-specific expression. Accumulating evidence indicates a central role for calpains in tumor migration and invasion via participating in several key processes, including focal adhesion dynamics, cytoskeletal remodeling, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and apoptosis. Activated after the increased intracellular calcium concentration ( [ Ca 2 + ] i ) induced by membrane channels and extracellular or intracellular stimuli, calpains induce the limited cleavage or functional modulation of various substrates that serve as metastatic mediators. This review covers established literature to summarize the mechanisms and underlying signaling pathways of calpains in cancer metastasis, making calpains attractive targets for aggressive tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Chen
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizheng Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lumin Zhang
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Hu
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Grindel BJ, Martinez JR, Tellman TV, Harrington DA, Zafar H, Nakhleh L, Chung LW, Farach-Carson MC. Matrilysin/MMP-7 Cleavage of Perlecan/HSPG2 Complexed with Semaphorin 3A Supports FAK-Mediated Stromal Invasion by Prostate Cancer Cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7262. [PMID: 29740048 PMCID: PMC5940808 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25435-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interrupting the interplay between cancer cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) is a strategy to halt tumor progression and stromal invasion. Perlecan/heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 (HSPG2) is an extracellular proteoglycan that orchestrates tumor angiogenesis, proliferation, differentiation and invasion. Metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) cells degrade perlecan-rich tissue borders to reach bone, including the basement membrane, vasculature, reactive stromal matrix and bone marrow. Domain IV-3, perlecan’s last 7 immunoglobulin repeats, mimics native proteoglycan by promoting tumoroid formation. This is reversed by matrilysin/matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) cleavage to favor cell dispersion and tumoroid dyscohesion. Both perlecan and Domain IV-3 induced a strong focal adhesion kinase (FAK) dephosphorylation/deactivation. MMP-7 cleavage of perlecan reversed this, with FAK in dispersed tumoroids becoming phosphorylated/activated with metastatic phenotype. We demonstrated Domain IV-3 interacts with the axon guidance protein semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) on PCa cells to deactivate pro-metastatic FAK. Sema3A antibody mimicked the Domain IV-3 clustering activity. Direct binding experiments showed Domain IV-3 binds Sema3A. Knockdown of Sema3A prevented Domain IV-3-induced tumoroid formation and Sema3A was sensitive to MMP-7 proteolysis. The perlecan-Sema3A complex abrogates FAK activity and stabilizes PCa cell interactions. MMP-7 expressing cells destroy the complex to initiate metastasis, destroy perlecan-rich borders, and favor invasion and progression to lethal bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Grindel
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.,Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jerahme R Martinez
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19706, USA
| | - Tristen V Tellman
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Daniel A Harrington
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.,Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Hamim Zafar
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Luay Nakhleh
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Leland W Chung
- Uro-Oncology Research Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Mary C Farach-Carson
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA. .,Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
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Jeong Y, You D, Kang HG, Yu J, Kim SW, Nam SJ, Lee JE, Kim S. Berberine Suppresses Fibronectin Expression through Inhibition of c-Jun Phosphorylation in Breast Cancer Cells. J Breast Cancer 2018; 21:21-27. [PMID: 29628980 PMCID: PMC5880962 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2018.21.1.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The exact mechanism regulating fibronectin (FN) expression in breast cancer cells has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the pharmacological mechanism of berberine (BBR) with respect to FN expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Methods The clinical significance of FN mRNA expression was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier plotter database (http://kmplot.com/breast). FN mRNA and protein expression levels were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. Results Using publicly available clinical data, we observed that high FN expression was associated with poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. FN mRNA and protein expression was increased in TNBC cells compared with non-TNBC cells. As expected, recombinant human FN significantly induced cell spreading and adhesion in MDA-MB231 TNBC cells. We also investigated the regulatory mechanism underlying FN expression. Basal levels of FN mRNA and protein expression were downregulated by a specific activator protein-1 (AP-1) inhibitor, SR11302. Interestingly, FN expression in TNBC cells was dose-dependently decreased by BBR treatment. The level of c-Jun phosphorylation was also decreased by BBR treatment. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that FN expression is regulated via an AP-1–dependent mechanism, and that BBR suppresses FN expression in TNBC cells through inhibition of AP-1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisun Jeong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Daeun You
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Gu Kang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jonghan Yu
- Breast Cancer Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Won Kim
- Breast Cancer Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Jin Nam
- Breast Cancer Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Eon Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Breast Cancer Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangmin Kim
- Breast Cancer Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Simulated microgravity inhibits cell focal adhesions leading to reduced melanoma cell proliferation and metastasis via FAK/RhoA-regulated mTORC1 and AMPK pathways. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3769. [PMID: 29491429 PMCID: PMC5830577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20459-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simulated microgravity (SMG) was reported to affect tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. However, the underlying mechanism is elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that clinostat-modelled SMG reduces BL6-10 melanoma cell proliferation, adhesion and invasiveness in vitro and decreases tumor lung metastasis in vivo. It down-regulates metastasis-related integrin α6β4, MMP9 and Met72 molecules. SMG significantly reduces formation of focal adhesions and activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Rho family proteins (RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42) and of mTORC1 kinase, but activates AMPK and ULK1 kinases. We demonstrate that SMG inhibits NADH induction and glycolysis, but induces mitochondrial biogenesis. Interestingly, administration of a RhoA activator, the cytotoxic necrotizing factor-1 (CNF1) effectively converts SMG-triggered alterations and effects on mitochondria biogenesis or glycolysis. CNF1 also converts the SMG-altered cell proliferation and tumor metastasis. In contrast, mTORC inhibitor, rapamycin, produces opposite responses and mimics SMG-induced effects in cells at normal gravity. Taken together, our observations indicate that SMG inhibits focal adhesions, leading to inhibition of signaling FAK and RhoA, and the mTORC1 pathway, which results in activation of the AMPK pathway and reduced melanoma cell proliferation and metastasis. Overall, our findings shed a new light on effects of microgravity on cell biology and human health.
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Bao Y, Guo H, Lu Y, Feng W, Sun X, Tang C, Wang X, Shen M. Blocking hepatic metastases of colon cancer cells using an shRNA against Rac1 delivered by activatable cell-penetrating peptide. Oncotarget 2018; 7:77183-77195. [PMID: 27791203 PMCID: PMC5363579 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic metastasis is one of the critical progressions of colon cancer. Blocking this process is key to prolonging survival time in cancer patients. Studies on activatable cell-penetrating peptides (dtACPPs) have demonstrated their potential as gene carriers. It showed high tumor cell-targeting specificity and transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity in the in vitro settings of drug delivery. However, using this system to silence target genes to inhibit metastasis in colorectal cancer cells has not been widely reported and requires further investigation. In this study, we observed that expression of Rac1, a key molecule for cytoskeletal reorganization, was higher in hepatic metastatic tumor tissue compared with prime colon cancer tissue and that patients with high Rac1-expressing colon cancer showed shorter survival time. Base on these findings, we created dtACPP-PEG-DGL (dtACPPD)/shRac1 nanoparticles and demonstrated that they downregulated Rac1 expression in colon cancer cells. Moreover, we observed inhibitory effects on migration, invasion and adhesion in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells in vitro, and our results showed that Rac1 regulated colon cancer cell matrix adhesion through the regulation of cytofilament dynamics. Moreover, mechanically, repression of Rac1 inhibiting cells migration and invasion by enhancing cell to cell adhesion and reducing cell to extracellular matrix adhesion. Furthermore, when atCDPPD/shRac1 nanoparticles were administered intravenously to a HCT116 xenograft model, significant tumor metastasis to the liver was inhibited. Our results suggest that atCDPP/shRac1 nanoparticles may enable the blockade of hepatic metastasis in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bao
- Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University, The First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Huihui Guo
- Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University, The First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Yongliang Lu
- Department of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Wenming Feng
- Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University, The First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Xinrong Sun
- Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University, The First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Chengwu Tang
- Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University, The First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University, The First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Mo Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325000, China
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50
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Inhibition of TRPC6 reduces non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Oncotarget 2018; 8:5123-5134. [PMID: 28030826 PMCID: PMC5341750 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that the transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6) channel is highly expressed in several types of cancer cells. However, it remains unclear whether TRPC6 contributes to the malignancy of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We used a human NSCLC A549 cell line as a model and found that pharmacological blockade or molecular knockdown of TRPC6 channel inhibited A549 cell proliferation by arresting cell cycle at the S-G2M phase and caused a significant portion of cells detached and rounded-up, but did not induce any types of cell death. Western blot and cell cycle analysis show that the detached round cells at the S-G2M phase expressed more TRPC6 than the still attached polygon cells at the G1 phase. Patch-clamp data also show that TRPC whole-cell currents in the detached cells were significantly higher than in the still attached cells. Inhibition of Ca2+-permeable TRPC6 channels significantly reduced intracellular Ca2+ in A549 cells. Interestingly, either blockade or knockdown of TRPC6 strongly reduced the invasion of this NSCLC cell line and decreased the expression of an adherent protein, fibronectin, and a tight junction protein, zonula occluden protein-1 (ZO-1). These data suggest that TRPC6-mediated elevation of intracellular Ca2+ stimulates NSCLC cell proliferation by promoting cell cycle progression and that inhibition of TRPC6 attenuates cell proliferation and invasion. Therefore, further in vivo studies may lead to a consideration of using a specific TRPC6 blocker as a complement to treat NSCLC.
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