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Bessa-Gonçalves M, Bragança B, Martins-Dias E, Vinhas A, Certal M, Rodrigues T, Ferreirinha F, Costa MA, Correia-de-Sá P, Fontes-Sousa AP. Blockage of the adenosine A 2B receptor prevents cardiac fibroblasts overgrowth in rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Purinergic Signal 2024; 20:163-179. [PMID: 37402944 PMCID: PMC10997572 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09952-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustained pressure overload and fibrosis of the right ventricle (RV) are the leading causes of mortality in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Although the role of adenosine in PAH has been attributed to the control of pulmonary vascular tone, cardiac reserve, and inflammatory processes, the involvement of the nucleoside in RV remodelling remains poorly understood. Conflicting results exist on targeting the low-affinity adenosine A2B receptor (A2BAR) for the treatment of PAH mostly because it displays dual roles in acute vs. chronic lung diseases. Herein, we investigated the role of the A2BAR in the viability/proliferation and collagen production by cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) isolated from RVs of rats with monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH. CFs from MCT-treated rats display higher cell viability/proliferation capacity and overexpress A2BAR compared to the cells from healthy littermates. The enzymatically stable adenosine analogue, 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA, 1-30 μM), concentration-dependently increased growth, and type I collagen production by CFs originated from control and PAH rats, but its effects were more prominent in cells from rats with PAH. Blockage of the A2BAR with PSB603 (100 nM), but not of the A2AAR with SCH442416 (100 nM), attenuated the proliferative effect of NECA in CFs from PAH rats. The A2AAR agonist, CGS21680 (3 and 10 nM), was virtually devoid of effect. Overall, data suggest that adenosine signalling via A2BAR may contribute to RV overgrowth secondary to PAH. Therefore, blockage of the A2AAR may be a valuable therapeutic alternative to mitigate cardiac remodelling and prevent right heart failure in PAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda Bessa-Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Bragança
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar Tâmega e Sousa, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Martins-Dias
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adriana Vinhas
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Certal
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tânia Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Ferreirinha
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Adelina Costa
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, ICBAS-UP, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Correia-de-Sá
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana Patrícia Fontes-Sousa
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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Zhang H, Ren L, Shivnaraine RV. Targeting GPCRs to treat cardiac fibrosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1011176. [PMID: 36277752 PMCID: PMC9582444 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1011176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis occurs ubiquitously in ischemic heart failure, genetic cardiomyopathies, diabetes mellitus, and aging. It triggers myocardial stiffness, which impairs cardiac function, ultimately progressing to end-stage heart failure and increased mortality. Although several targets for anti-fibrotic therapies have been identified, including TGF-β and receptor tyrosine kinase, there is currently no FDA-approved drug specifically targeting cardiac fibrosis. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are integral, multipass membrane-bound receptors that exhibit diverse and cell-specific expression, offering novel and unrealized therapeutic targets for cardiac fibrosis. This review highlights the emerging roles of several GPCRs and briefly explores their downstream pathways that are crucial in cardiac fibrosis. We will not only provide an overview of the GPCRs expressed on cardiac fibroblasts that are directly involved in myofibroblast activation but also describe those GPCRs which contribute to cardiac fibrosis via indirect crosstalk mechanisms. We also discuss the challenges of identifying novel effective therapies for cardiac fibrosis and offer strategies to circumvent these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Hao Zhang
| | - Lu Ren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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Liu Z, Wu X, Wang Q, Li Z, Liu X, Sheng X, Zhu H, Zhang M, Xu J, Feng X, Wu B, Lv X. CD73-Adenosine A1R Axis Regulates the Activation and Apoptosis of Hepatic Stellate Cells Through the PLC-IP3-Ca2+/DAG-PKC Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:922885. [PMID: 35784730 PMCID: PMC9245432 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.922885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-related liver fibrosis (ALF) is a form of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) that generally occurs in response to heavy long-term drinking. Ecto-5′-nucleotidase (NT5E), also known as CD73, is a cytomembrane protein linked to the cell membrane via a GPI anchor that regulates the conversion of extracellular ATP to adenosine. Adenosine and its receptors are important regulators of the cellular response. Previous studies showed that CD73 and adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) were important in alcohol-related liver disease, however the exact mechanism is unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role and mechanism of the CD73-A1R axis in both a murine model of alcohol and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced ALF and in an in vitro model of fibrosis induced by acetaldehyde. The degree of liver injury was determined by measuring serum AST and ALT levels, H & E staining, and Masson’s trichrome staining. The expression levels of fibrosis indicators and PLC-IP3-Ca2+/DAG-PKC signaling pathway were detected by quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, ELISA, and calcium assay. Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) apoptosis was detected using the Annexin V-FITC/PI cell apoptosis detection kit. Knockdown of CD73 significantly attenuated the accumulation of α-SMA and COL1a1 damaged the histological architecture of the mouse liver induced by alcohol and CCl4. In vitro, CD73 inhibition attenuated acetaldehyde-induced fibrosis and downregulated A1R expression in HSC-T6 cells. Inhibition of CD73/A1R downregulated the expression of the PLC-IP3-Ca2+/DAG-PKC signaling pathway. In addition, silencing of CD73/A1R promoted apoptosis in HSC-T6 cells. In conclusion, the CD73-A1R axis can regulate the activation and apoptosis of HSCs through the PLC-IP3-Ca2+/DAG-PKC signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenni Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zixuan Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xueqi Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaodong Sheng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengda Zhang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Junrui Xu
- General Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaowen Feng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Baoming Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Baoming Wu, ; Xiongwen Lv,
| | - Xiongwen Lv
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Baoming Wu, ; Xiongwen Lv,
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IJzerman AP, Jacobson KA, Müller CE, Cronstein BN, Cunha RA. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CXII: Adenosine Receptors: A Further Update. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:340-372. [PMID: 35302044 PMCID: PMC8973513 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology report on the nomenclature and classification of adenosine receptors (2011) contained a number of emerging developments with respect to this G protein-coupled receptor subfamily, including protein structure, protein oligomerization, protein diversity, and allosteric modulation by small molecules. Since then, a wealth of new data and results has been added, allowing us to explore novel concepts such as target binding kinetics and biased signaling of adenosine receptors, to examine a multitude of receptor structures and novel ligands, to gauge new pharmacology, and to evaluate clinical trials with adenosine receptor ligands. This review should therefore be considered a further update of our previous reports from 2001 and 2011. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Adenosine receptors (ARs) are of continuing interest for future treatment of chronic and acute disease conditions, including inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative afflictions, and cancer. The design of AR agonists ("biased" or not) and antagonists is largely structure based now, thanks to the tremendous progress in AR structural biology. The A2A- and A2BAR appear to modulate the immune response in tumor biology. Many clinical trials for this indication are ongoing, whereas an A2AAR antagonist (istradefylline) has been approved as an anti-Parkinson agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriaan P IJzerman
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (A.P.IJ.); National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Molecular Recognition Section, Bethesda, Maryland (K.A.J.); Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany (C.E.M.); New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York (B.N.C.); and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal (R.A.C.)
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (A.P.IJ.); National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Molecular Recognition Section, Bethesda, Maryland (K.A.J.); Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany (C.E.M.); New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York (B.N.C.); and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal (R.A.C.)
| | - Christa E Müller
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (A.P.IJ.); National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Molecular Recognition Section, Bethesda, Maryland (K.A.J.); Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany (C.E.M.); New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York (B.N.C.); and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal (R.A.C.)
| | - Bruce N Cronstein
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (A.P.IJ.); National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Molecular Recognition Section, Bethesda, Maryland (K.A.J.); Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany (C.E.M.); New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York (B.N.C.); and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal (R.A.C.)
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (A.P.IJ.); National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Molecular Recognition Section, Bethesda, Maryland (K.A.J.); Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany (C.E.M.); New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York (B.N.C.); and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal (R.A.C.)
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5
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Liu K, Jin X, Zhang X, Lian H, Ye J. The mechanisms of nucleotide actions in insulin resistance. J Genet Genomics 2022; 49:299-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Val C, Rodríguez-García C, Prieto-Díaz R, Crespo A, Azuaje J, Carbajales C, Majellaro M, Díaz-Holguín A, Brea JM, Loza MI, Gioé-Gallo C, Contino M, Stefanachi A, García-Mera X, Estévez JC, Gutiérrez-de-Terán H, Sotelo E. Optimization of 2-Amino-4,6-diarylpyrimidine-5-carbonitriles as Potent and Selective A1 Antagonists. J Med Chem 2022; 65:2091-2106. [PMID: 35068155 PMCID: PMC8842224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We herein document a large collection
of 108 2-amino-4,6-disubstituted-pyrimidine
derivatives as potent, structurally simple, and highly selective A1AR ligands. The most attractive ligands were confirmed as
antagonists of the canonical cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway,
and some pharmacokinetic parameters were preliminarilly evaluated.
The library, built through a reliable and efficient three-component
reaction, comprehensively explored the chemical space allowing the
identification of the most prominent features of the structure–activity
and structure–selectivity relationships around this scaffold.
These included the influence on the selectivity profile of the aromatic
residues at positions R4 and R6 of the pyrimidine
core but most importantly the prominent role to the unprecedented
A1AR selectivity profile exerted by the methyl group introduced
at the exocyclic amino group. The structure–activity relationship
trends on both A1 and A2AARs were conveniently
interpreted with rigorous free energy perturbation simulations, which
started from the receptor-driven docking model that guided the design
of these series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Val
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-García
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Rubén Prieto-Díaz
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75124, Sweden
| | - Abel Crespo
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Jhonny Azuaje
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Carlos Carbajales
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Maria Majellaro
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | | | - José M. Brea
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Loza
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Claudia Gioé-Gallo
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari ALDO MORO, via Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Angela Stefanachi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari ALDO MORO, via Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Xerardo García-Mera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Juan C. Estévez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | | | - Eddy Sotelo
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
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Kim YB, Choi J, Park C, Choi H, In J, Yang H. Effects of sevoflurane and adenosine receptor antagonist on the sugammadex-induced recovery from rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade in rodent phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm tissue specimens. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00827. [PMID: 34337892 PMCID: PMC8326504 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sevoflurane affects on the A1 receptor in the central nervous system and potentiates the action of neuromuscular blocking agents. In the present study, we investigated whether sevoflurane (SEVO) has the ability to potentiate the neuromuscular blocking effect of rocuronium and if the specific antagonist of adenosine receptor (SLV320) can reverse this effect. In this study, phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm tissue specimens were obtained from 40 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The specimens were immersed in an organ bath filled with Krebs buffer and stimulated by a train-of-four (TOF) pattern using indirect supramaximal stimulation at 20 s intervals. The specimens were randomly allocated to control, 2-chloroadenosine (CADO), SEVO, or SLV320 + SEVO groups. In the CADO and SLV320 + SEVO groups, CADO and SLV320 were added to the organ bath from the start to a concentration of 10 μM and 10 nM, respectively. We then proceeded with rocuronium-induced blockade of >95% depression of the first twitch tension of TOF (T1) and TOF ratio (TOFR). In the SEVO and SLV320 + SEVO groups, SEVO was added to the Krebs buffer solution to concentration of 400-500 μM for 10 min. Sugammadex-induced T1 and TOFR recovery was monitored for 30 min until >95% of T1 and >0.9 of TOFR were confirmed, and the recovery pattern was compared by plotting these data. T1 recovery in the SEVO and CADO groups was significantly delayed compared with the control and SLV320 + SEVO groups (p < .05). In conclusion, sevoflurane affects on the A1 receptor at the neuromuscular junction and delays sugammadex-induced recovery from neuromuscular blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Beom Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain MedicineCollege of MedicineGil Medical CenterGachon UniversityIncheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Jae‐Moon Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain MedicineAsan Medical CenterUlsan University, College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Chungon Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain MedicineCollege of MedicineGil Medical CenterGachon UniversityIncheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Hey‐Ran Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain MedicineSeoul Paik HospitalInje University, College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Junyong In
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain MedicineCollege of MedicineIlsan HospitalDonggook UniversityGoyangGyeonggi DoRepublic of Korea
| | - Hong‐Seuk Yang
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain MedicineDaejeon Eulji HospitalEulji UniversityDaejeonRepublic of Korea
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8
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Comeo E, Trinh P, Nguyen AT, Nowell CJ, Kindon ND, Soave M, Stoddart LA, White JM, Hill SJ, Kellam B, Halls ML, May LT, Scammells PJ. Development and Application of Subtype-Selective Fluorescent Antagonists for the Study of the Human Adenosine A 1 Receptor in Living Cells. J Med Chem 2021; 64:6670-6695. [PMID: 33724031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The adenosine A1 receptor (A1AR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that provides important therapeutic opportunities for a number of conditions including congestive heart failure, tachycardia, and neuropathic pain. The development of A1AR-selective fluorescent ligands will enhance our understanding of the subcellular mechanisms underlying A1AR pharmacology facilitating the development of more efficacious and selective therapies. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and application of a novel series of A1AR-selective fluorescent probes based on 8-functionalized bicyclo[2.2.2]octylxanthine and 3-functionalized 8-(adamant-1-yl) xanthine scaffolds. These fluorescent conjugates allowed quantification of kinetic and equilibrium ligand binding parameters using NanoBRET and visualization of specific receptor distribution patterns in living cells by confocal imaging and total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy. As such, the novel A1AR-selective fluorescent antagonists described herein can be applied in conjunction with a series of fluorescence-based techniques to foster understanding of A1AR molecular pharmacology and signaling in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Comeo
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Division of Biomolecular Sciences and Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, B15 2TT and University of Nottingham, Birmingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Phuc Trinh
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Anh T Nguyen
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Cameron J Nowell
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Nicholas D Kindon
- Division of Biomolecular Sciences and Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, B15 2TT and University of Nottingham, Birmingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Soave
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, B15 2TT and University of Nottingham, Birmingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Leigh A Stoddart
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, B15 2TT and University of Nottingham, Birmingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M White
- School of Chemistry and the Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Stephen J Hill
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, B15 2TT and University of Nottingham, Birmingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Barrie Kellam
- Division of Biomolecular Sciences and Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, B15 2TT and University of Nottingham, Birmingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle L Halls
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Lauren T May
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Peter J Scammells
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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9
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Tian D, Li J, Zou L, Lin M, Shi X, Hu Y, Lang J, Xu L, Ye W, Li X, Chen L. Adenosine A1 Receptor Deficiency Aggravates Extracellular Matrix Accumulation in Diabetic Nephropathy through Disturbance of Peritubular Microenvironment. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:5584871. [PMID: 34671682 PMCID: PMC8523293 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5584871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously observed that adenosine A1 receptor (A1AR) had a protective role in proximal tubular megalin loss associated with albuminuria in diabetic nephropathy (DN). In this study, we aimed to explore the role of A1AR in the fibrosis progression of DN. METHODS We collected DN patients' samples and established a streptozotocin-induced diabetes model in wild-type (WT) and A1AR-deficient (A1AR-/-) mice. The location and expression of CD34, PDGFRβ, and A1AR were detected in kidney tissue samples from DN patients by immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical staining. We also analyzed the expression of TGFβ, collagen (I, III, and IV), α-SMA, and PDGFRβ using immunohistochemistry in WT and A1AR-/- mice. CD34 and podoplanin expression were analyzed by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining in mice, respectively. Human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK2) were cultured in medium containing high glucose and A1AR agonist as well as antagonist. RESULTS In DN patients, the expression of PDGFRβ was higher with the loss of CD34. The location of PDGFRβ and TGFβ was near to each other. The A1AR, which was colocalized with CD34 partly, was also upregulated in DN patients. In WT-DN mice, obvious albuminuria and renal pathological leisure were observed. In A1AR-/- DN mice, more severe renal tubular interstitial fibrosis and more extracellular matrix deposition were observed, with lower CD34 expression and pronounced increase of PDGFRβ. In HK2 cells, high glucose stimulated the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, which was inhibited by A1AR agonist. CONCLUSION A1AR played a critical role in protecting the tubulointerstitial fibrosis process in DN by regulation of the peritubular microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Tian
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Linfeng Zou
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Min Lin
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Shi
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuting Hu
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jiaxin Lang
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lubin Xu
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wenling Ye
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Limeng Chen
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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10
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Abstract
Membrane receptors that are activated by the purine nucleoside adenosine (adenosine receptors) or by purine or pyrimidine nucleotides (P2Y and P2X receptors) transduce extracellular signals to the cytosol. They play important roles in physiology and disease. The G protein-coupled adenosine receptors comprise four subtypes: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. The G-protein-coupled P2Y receptors are subdivided into eight subtypes: P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6, P2Y11, P2Y12, P2Y13, and P2Y14, while the P2X receptors represent ATP-gated homomeric or heteromeric ion channels consisting of three subunits; the most important subunits are P2X1, P2X2, P2X3, P2X4, and P2X7. This chapter provides guidance for selecting suitable tool compounds for studying these large and important purine receptor families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Younis Baqi
- Department of Chemistry, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Vigneshwaran Namasivayam
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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11
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Sureechatchaiyan P, Hamacher A, Brockmann N, Stork B, Kassack MU. Adenosine enhances cisplatin sensitivity in human ovarian cancer cells. Purinergic Signal 2018; 14:395-408. [PMID: 30078088 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-018-9622-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecologic cancer due to lack of early effective diagnosis and development of resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. Several studies reported that adenosine concentrations are higher in tumor microenvironment than in non-tumor tissue. This finding inspired us to study the role of adenosine in ovarian cancer cells and to investigate if adenosine pathways offer new treatment options urgently needed to prevent or overcome chemoresistance. The ovarian cancer cell lines HEY, A2780, and its cisplatin-resistant subline A2780CisR were used in this study. Expression and functional activity of adenosine receptors were investigated by RT-PCR, Western blotting, and cAMP assay. A1 and A2B adenosine receptors were expressed and functionally active in all three cell lines. Adenosine showed moderate cytotoxicity (MTT-IC50 values were between 700 and 900 μM) and induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner by increasing levels of sub-G1 and cleaved PARP. Apoptosis was diminished by QVD-OPh, confirming caspase-dependent induction of apoptosis. Forty-eight hours pre-incubation of adenosine prior to cisplatin significantly enhanced cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in a synergistic manner and increased apoptosis. SLV320 or PSB603, selective A1 and A2B antagonists, was not able to inhibit adenosine-induced increase in cisplatin cytotoxicity or apoptosis whereas dipyridamole, a nucleoside transporter inhibitor, completely abrogated both effects. Mechanistically, adenosine increased pAMPK and reduced pS6K which was prevented by dipyridamole. In conclusion, application of adenosine prior to cisplatin could be a new therapeutic option to increase the potency of cisplatin in a synergistic manner and thus overcome platinum resistance in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichat Sureechatchaiyan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University, Building 26.23.02, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexandra Hamacher
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University, Building 26.23.02, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole Brockmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University, Building 26.23.02, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Bjoern Stork
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias U Kassack
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University, Building 26.23.02, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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12
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Lambertucci C, Marucci G, Dal Ben D, Buccioni M, Spinaci A, Kachler S, Klotz KN, Volpini R. New potent and selective A 1 adenosine receptor antagonists as potential tools for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 151:199-213. [PMID: 29614417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of 9-alkyl substituted adenine derivatives presenting aromatic groups and cycloalkyl rings in 8- and N6-position, respectively, is reported. The compounds were tested with radioligand binding studies showing, in some cases, a low nanomolar A1 adenosine receptor affinity and a very good selectivity versus the other adenosine receptor subtypes. Functional assays at human adenosine receptors and at a mouse ileum tissue preparation clearly demonstrate the antagonist profile of these molecules, with inhibitory potency at nanomolar level. A molecular modeling study, consisting in docking analysis at the recently reported A1 adenosine receptor crystal structure, was performed for the interpretation of the obtained pharmacological results. The N6-cyclopentyl-9-methyl-8-phenyladenine (17), resulting the most active derivative of the series (Ki = 2.8 nM and IC50 = 14 nM), was also very efficacious in counteracting the effect of the agonist CCPA on mouse ileum contractility. This new compound represents a tool for the development of new agents for the treatment of intestinal diseases as constipation and postoperative ileus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Sonja Kachler
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Norbert Klotz
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
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13
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Soni H, Peixoto-Neves D, Buddington RK, Adebiyi A. Adenosine A 1 receptor-operated calcium entry in renal afferent arterioles is dependent on postnatal maturation of TRPC3 channels. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 313:F1216-F1222. [PMID: 28855189 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00335.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine, a regulator of cardiovascular development and renal function, constricts renal afferent arterioles by inducing intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) elevation in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) via activation of its cognate A1 receptors (A1Rs). Mechanisms that underlie A1R-dependent [Ca2+]i elevation in renal vascular SMCs are not fully resolved. Whether A1R expression and function in preglomerular microvessels are dependent on postnatal kidney maturation is also unclear. In this study, we show that selective activation of A1Rs by 2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA) does not stimulate store-operated Ca2+ entry in afferent arterioles isolated from neonatal pigs. However, CCPA-induced [Ca2+]i elevation is dependent on phospholipase C and transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 3 (TRPC3). Basal [Ca2+]i was unchanged in afferent arterioles isolated from newborn (0-day-old) pigs compared with their 20-day-old counterparts. By contrast, CCPA treatment resulted in significantly larger [Ca2+]i in afferent arterioles from 20-day-old pigs. A1R protein expression levels in the kidneys and afferent arterioles were unaltered in 0- vs. 20-day-old pigs. However, the TRPC3 channel protein expression level was ~92 and 78% higher in 20-day-old pig kidneys and afferent arterioles, respectively. These data suggest that activation of A1Rs elicits receptor-operated Ca2+ entry in porcine afferent arterioles, the level of which is dependent on postnatal maturation of TRPC3 channels. We propose that TRPC3 channels may contribute to the physiology and pathophysiology of A1Rs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Soni
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; and
| | - Dieniffer Peixoto-Neves
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; and
| | - Randal K Buddington
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; and.,School of Health Studies, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Adebowale Adebiyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; and
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14
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Varani K, Vincenzi F, Merighi S, Gessi S, Borea PA. Biochemical and Pharmacological Role of A1 Adenosine Receptors and Their Modulation as Novel Therapeutic Strategy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1051:193-232. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2017_61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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15
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Blundon JA, Roy NC, Teubner BJW, Yu J, Eom TY, Sample KJ, Pani A, Smeyne RJ, Han SB, Kerekes RA, Rose DC, Hackett TA, Vuppala PK, Freeman BB, Zakharenko SS. Restoring auditory cortex plasticity in adult mice by restricting thalamic adenosine signaling. Science 2017; 356:1352-1356. [PMID: 28663494 PMCID: PMC5523828 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf4612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Circuits in the auditory cortex are highly susceptible to acoustic influences during an early postnatal critical period. The auditory cortex selectively expands neural representations of enriched acoustic stimuli, a process important for human language acquisition. Adults lack this plasticity. Here we show in the murine auditory cortex that juvenile plasticity can be reestablished in adulthood if acoustic stimuli are paired with disruption of ecto-5'-nucleotidase-dependent adenosine production or A1-adenosine receptor signaling in the auditory thalamus. This plasticity occurs at the level of cortical maps and individual neurons in the auditory cortex of awake adult mice and is associated with long-term improvement of tone-discrimination abilities. We conclude that, in adult mice, disrupting adenosine signaling in the thalamus rejuvenates plasticity in the auditory cortex and improves auditory perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay A. Blundon
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Noah C. Roy
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Brett J. W. Teubner
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Tae-Yeon Eom
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - K. Jake Sample
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Amar Pani
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Richard J. Smeyne
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Seung Baek Han
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Ryan A Kerekes
- Electrical and Electronics Systems Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Derek C. Rose
- Electrical and Electronics Systems Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Troy A. Hackett
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pradeep K. Vuppala
- Preclinical Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Burgess B. Freeman
- Preclinical Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Stanislav S. Zakharenko
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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16
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Vecchio EA, White PJ, May LT. Targeting Adenosine Receptors for the Treatment of Cardiac Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:243. [PMID: 28529484 PMCID: PMC5418340 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is a ubiquitous molecule with key regulatory and cytoprotective mechanisms at times of metabolic imbalance in the body. Among a plethora of physiological actions, adenosine has an important role in attenuating ischaemia-reperfusion injury and modulating the ensuing fibrosis and tissue remodeling following myocardial damage. Adenosine exerts these actions through interaction with four adenosine G protein-coupled receptors expressed in the heart. The adenosine A2B receptor (A2BAR) is the most abundant adenosine receptor (AR) in cardiac fibroblasts and is largely responsible for the influence of adenosine on cardiac fibrosis. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that acute A2BAR stimulation can decrease fibrosis through the inhibition of fibroblast proliferation and reduction in collagen synthesis. However, in contrast, there is also evidence that chronic A2BAR antagonism reduces tissue fibrosis. This review explores the opposing pro- and anti-fibrotic activity attributed to the activation of cardiac ARs and investigates the therapeutic potential of targeting ARs for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Vecchio
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, ParkvilleVIC, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, ParkvilleVIC, Australia
| | - Paul J White
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, ParkvilleVIC, Australia
| | - Lauren T May
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, ParkvilleVIC, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, ParkvilleVIC, Australia
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17
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Koul S, Ramdas V, Barawkar DA, Waman YB, Prasad N, Madadi SK, Shejul YD, Bonagiri R, Basu S, Menon S, Reddy SB, Chaturvedi S, Chennamaneni SR, Bedse G, Thakare R, Gundu J, Chaudhary S, De S, Meru AV, Palle V, Chugh A, Mookhtiar KA. Design and synthesis of novel, potent and selective hypoxanthine analogs as adenosine A 1 receptor antagonists and their biological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:1963-1975. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Alachouzos G, Lenselink EB, Mulder-Krieger T, de Vries H, IJzerman AP, Louvel J. Synthesis and evaluation of N-substituted 2-amino-4,5-diarylpyrimidines as selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonists. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 125:586-602. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.09.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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19
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Jörg M, Glukhova A, Abdul-Ridha A, Vecchio EA, Nguyen ATN, Sexton PM, White PJ, May LT, Christopoulos A, Scammells PJ. Novel Irreversible Agonists Acting at the A 1 Adenosine Receptor. J Med Chem 2016; 59:11182-11194. [PMID: 27958734 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The A1 adenosine receptor (A1AR) is an important G protein-coupled receptor that regulates a range of physiological functions. Herein we report the discovery of novel irreversible agonists acting at the A1AR, which have the potential to serve as useful research tools for studying receptor structure and function. A series of novel adenosine derivatives bearing electrophilic substituents was synthesized, and four compounds, 8b, 15a, 15b, and 15d, were shown to possess similar potency and efficacy to the reference high efficacy agonist, NECA, in an assay of ERK1/2 phosphorylation assay. Insensitivity to antagonist addition in a real-time, label-free, xCELLigence assay was subsequently used to identify compounds that likely mediated their agonism through an irreversible interaction with the A1AR. Of these compounds, 15b and 15d were more directly validated as irreversible agonists of the A1AR using membrane-based [3H]DPCPX and [35S]GTPγS binding experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Jörg
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Alisa Glukhova
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Biology, and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Alaa Abdul-Ridha
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Biology, and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Vecchio
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Biology, and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Anh T N Nguyen
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Biology, and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Patrick M Sexton
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Biology, and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Paul J White
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Biology, and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Lauren T May
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Biology, and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Arthur Christopoulos
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Biology, and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Peter J Scammells
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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20
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Nguyen ATN, Baltos JA, Thomas T, Nguyen TD, Muñoz LL, Gregory KJ, White PJ, Sexton PM, Christopoulos A, May LT. Extracellular Loop 2 of the Adenosine A1 Receptor Has a Key Role in Orthosteric Ligand Affinity and Agonist Efficacy. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 90:703-714. [PMID: 27683014 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.105007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenosine A1 G protein-coupled receptor (A1AR) is an important therapeutic target implicated in a wide range of cardiovascular and neuronal disorders. Although it is well established that the A1AR orthosteric site is located within the receptor's transmembrane (TM) bundle, prior studies have implicated extracellular loop 2 (ECL2) as having a significant role in contributing to orthosteric ligand affinity and signaling for various G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). We thus performed extensive alanine scanning mutagenesis of A1AR-ECL2 to explore the role of this domain on A1AR orthosteric ligand pharmacology. Using quantitative analytical approaches and molecular modeling, we identified ECL2 residues that interact either directly or indirectly with orthosteric agonists and antagonists. Discrete mutations proximal to a conserved ECL2-TM3 disulfide bond selectively affected orthosteric ligand affinity, whereas a cluster of five residues near the TM4-ECL2 juncture influenced orthosteric agonist efficacy. A combination of ligand docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and mutagenesis results suggested that the orthosteric agonist 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine binds transiently to an extracellular vestibule formed by ECL2 and the top of TM5 and TM7, prior to entry into the canonical TM bundle orthosteric site. Collectively, this study highlights a key role for ECL2 in A1AR orthosteric ligand binding and receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh T N Nguyen
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (A.T.N.N., J.-A.B., T.T., L.L.M, K.J.G, P.J.W, P.M.S, A.C., L.T.M), Monash e-Research Centre (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology (A.T.N.N, J.-A.B., K.J.G., P.M.S., A.C., L.T.M), Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jo-Anne Baltos
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (A.T.N.N., J.-A.B., T.T., L.L.M, K.J.G, P.J.W, P.M.S, A.C., L.T.M), Monash e-Research Centre (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology (A.T.N.N, J.-A.B., K.J.G., P.M.S., A.C., L.T.M), Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Trayder Thomas
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (A.T.N.N., J.-A.B., T.T., L.L.M, K.J.G, P.J.W, P.M.S, A.C., L.T.M), Monash e-Research Centre (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology (A.T.N.N, J.-A.B., K.J.G., P.M.S., A.C., L.T.M), Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Toan D Nguyen
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (A.T.N.N., J.-A.B., T.T., L.L.M, K.J.G, P.J.W, P.M.S, A.C., L.T.M), Monash e-Research Centre (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology (A.T.N.N, J.-A.B., K.J.G., P.M.S., A.C., L.T.M), Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura López Muñoz
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (A.T.N.N., J.-A.B., T.T., L.L.M, K.J.G, P.J.W, P.M.S, A.C., L.T.M), Monash e-Research Centre (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology (A.T.N.N, J.-A.B., K.J.G., P.M.S., A.C., L.T.M), Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen J Gregory
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (A.T.N.N., J.-A.B., T.T., L.L.M, K.J.G, P.J.W, P.M.S, A.C., L.T.M), Monash e-Research Centre (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology (A.T.N.N, J.-A.B., K.J.G., P.M.S., A.C., L.T.M), Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul J White
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (A.T.N.N., J.-A.B., T.T., L.L.M, K.J.G, P.J.W, P.M.S, A.C., L.T.M), Monash e-Research Centre (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology (A.T.N.N, J.-A.B., K.J.G., P.M.S., A.C., L.T.M), Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick M Sexton
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (A.T.N.N., J.-A.B., T.T., L.L.M, K.J.G, P.J.W, P.M.S, A.C., L.T.M), Monash e-Research Centre (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology (A.T.N.N, J.-A.B., K.J.G., P.M.S., A.C., L.T.M), Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Arthur Christopoulos
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (A.T.N.N., J.-A.B., T.T., L.L.M, K.J.G, P.J.W, P.M.S, A.C., L.T.M), Monash e-Research Centre (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology (A.T.N.N, J.-A.B., K.J.G., P.M.S., A.C., L.T.M), Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lauren T May
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (A.T.N.N., J.-A.B., T.T., L.L.M, K.J.G, P.J.W, P.M.S, A.C., L.T.M), Monash e-Research Centre (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology (A.T.N.N, J.-A.B., K.J.G., P.M.S., A.C., L.T.M), Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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21
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Novitskaya T, Chepurko E, Covarrubias R, Novitskiy S, Ryzhov SV, Feoktistov I, Gumina RJ. Extracellular nucleotide regulation and signaling in cardiac fibrosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 93:47-56. [PMID: 26891859 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Following myocardial infarction, purinergic nucleotides and nucleosides are released via non-specific and specific mechanisms in response to cellular activation, stress, or injury. These extracellular nucleotides are potent mediators of physiologic and pathologic responses, contributing to the inflammatory and fibrotic milieu within the injured myocardium. Via autocrine or paracrine signaling, cell-specific effects occur through differentially expressed purinergic receptors of the P2X, P2Y, and P1 families. Nucleotide activation of the ionotropic (ligand-gated) purine receptors (P2X) and several of the metabotropic (G-protein-coupled) purine receptors (P2Y) or adenosine activation of the P1 receptors can have profound effects on inflammatory cell function, fibroblast function, and cardiomyocyte function. Extracellular nucleotidases that hydrolyze released nucleotides regulate the magnitude and duration of purinergic signaling. While there are numerous studies on the role of the purinergic signaling pathway in cardiovascular disease, the extent to which the purinergic signaling pathway modulates cardiac fibrosis is incompletely understood. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of how the purinergic signaling pathway modulates cardiac fibroblast function and myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Novitskaya
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Elena Chepurko
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Roman Covarrubias
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sergey Novitskiy
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Igor Feoktistov
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Richard J Gumina
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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22
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Shaikh G, Cronstein B. Signaling pathways involving adenosine A2A and A2B receptors in wound healing and fibrosis. Purinergic Signal 2016; 12:191-7. [PMID: 26847815 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-016-9498-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen and matrix deposition by fibroblasts is an essential part of wound healing but also contributes to pathologic remodeling of organs leading to substantial morbidity and mortality. Adenosine, a small molecule generated extracellularly from adenine nucleotides as a result of direct stimulation, hypoxia, or injury, acts via a family of classical seven-pass G protein-coupled protein receptors, A2A and A2B, leading to generation of cAMP and activation of downstream targets such as PKA and Epac. These effectors, in turn, lead to fibroblast activation and collagen synthesis. The regulatory actions of these receptors likely involve multiple interconnected pathways, and one of the more interesting aspects of this regulation is opposing effects at different levels of cAMP generated. Additionally, adenosine signaling contributes to fibrosis in organ-specific ways and may have opposite effects in different organs. The development of drugs that selectively target these receptors and their signaling pathways will disrupt the pathogenesis of fibrosis and slow or arrest the progression of the important diseases they underlie.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gibran Shaikh
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 227 East 30th Street, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Bruce Cronstein
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 227 East 30th Street, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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23
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Huang XP, Karpiak J, Kroeze WK, Zhu H, Chen X, Moy SS, Saddoris KA, Nikolova VD, Farrell MS, Wang S, Mangano TJ, Deshpande DA, Jiang A, Penn RB, Jin J, Koller BH, Kenakin T, Shoichet BK, Roth BL. Allosteric ligands for the pharmacologically dark receptors GPR68 and GPR65. Nature 2015; 527:477-83. [PMID: 26550826 DOI: 10.1038/nature15699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
At least 120 non-olfactory G-protein-coupled receptors in the human genome are 'orphans' for which endogenous ligands are unknown, and many have no selective ligands, hindering the determination of their biological functions and clinical relevance. Among these is GPR68, a proton receptor that lacks small molecule modulators for probing its biology. Using yeast-based screens against GPR68, here we identify the benzodiazepine drug lorazepam as a non-selective GPR68 positive allosteric modulator. More than 3,000 GPR68 homology models were refined to recognize lorazepam in a putative allosteric site. Docking 3.1 million molecules predicted new GPR68 modulators, many of which were confirmed in functional assays. One potent GPR68 modulator, ogerin, suppressed recall in fear conditioning in wild-type but not in GPR68-knockout mice. The same approach led to the discovery of allosteric agonists and negative allosteric modulators for GPR65. Combining physical and structure-based screening may be broadly useful for ligand discovery for understudied and orphan GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7365, USA.,National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, USA
| | - Joel Karpiak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California at San Francisco, Byers Hall, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2550, USA
| | - Wesley K Kroeze
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7365, USA
| | - Hu Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7365, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery (CICBDD), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7363, USA.,Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7360, USA
| | - Sheryl S Moy
- Department of Psychiatry and Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7146, USA
| | - Kara A Saddoris
- Department of Psychiatry and Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7146, USA
| | - Viktoriya D Nikolova
- Department of Psychiatry and Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7146, USA
| | - Martilias S Farrell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7365, USA
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7365, USA
| | - Thomas J Mangano
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7365, USA.,National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, USA
| | - Deepak A Deshpande
- Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
| | - Alice Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7365, USA.,National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, USA
| | - Raymond B Penn
- Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
| | - Jian Jin
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery (CICBDD), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7363, USA.,Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7360, USA
| | - Beverly H Koller
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7264, USA
| | - Terry Kenakin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7365, USA
| | - Brian K Shoichet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California at San Francisco, Byers Hall, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2550, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7365, USA.,National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, USA.,Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7360, USA
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24
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Biosensor-based affinities and binding kinetics of small molecule antagonists to the adenosine A(2A) receptor reconstituted in HDL like particles. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:1399-405. [PMID: 25935416 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The options for investigating solubilised G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) by biophysical techniques have long been hampered by their instability. A thermostabilised adenosine A2A receptor expressed in insect cells, purified in detergent and reconstituted into high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles was immobilised onto a Surface Plasmon Resonance sensor chip. This allowed measurement of affinities and kinetics for A2A antagonists with affinities ranging from 50 pM to almost 2 μM. Compared with other formats, reproduction of affinities, and dissociation and association rate constants are good, reasonable and poor respectively, indicating stabilised receptors in HDL particles are useful for investigating specific aspects of GPCR-ligand interactions.
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25
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Alexander SPH, Benson HE, Faccenda E, Pawson AJ, Sharman JL, Spedding M, Peters JA, Harmar AJ. The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2013/14: G protein-coupled receptors. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 170:1459-581. [PMID: 24517644 PMCID: PMC3892287 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 505] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2013/14 provides concise overviews of the key properties of over 2000 human drug targets with their pharmacology, plus links to an open access knowledgebase of drug targets and their ligands (www.guidetopharmacology.org), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. The full contents can be found at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.12444/full. G protein-coupled receptors are one of the seven major pharmacological targets into which the Guide is divided, with the others being G protein-coupled receptors, ligand-gated ion channels, ion channels, catalytic receptors, nuclear hormone receptors, transporters and enzymes. These are presented with nomenclature guidance and summary information on the best available pharmacological tools, alongside key references and suggestions for further reading. A new landscape format has easy to use tables comparing related targets. It is a condensed version of material contemporary to late 2013, which is presented in greater detail and constantly updated on the website www.guidetopharmacology.org, superseding data presented in previous Guides to Receptors and Channels. It is produced in conjunction with NC-IUPHAR and provides the official IUPHAR classification and nomenclature for human drug targets, where appropriate. It consolidates information previously curated and displayed separately in IUPHAR-DB and the Guide to Receptors and Channels, providing a permanent, citable, point-in-time record that will survive database updates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen PH Alexander
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical SchoolNottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Helen E Benson
- The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Elena Faccenda
- The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Adam J Pawson
- The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Joanna L Sharman
- The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | | | - John A Peters
- Neuroscience Division, Medical Education Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of DundeeDundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Anthony J Harmar
- The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
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26
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Koscsó B, Trepakov A, Csóka B, Németh ZH, Pacher P, Eltzschig HK, Haskó G. Stimulation of A2B adenosine receptors protects against trauma-hemorrhagic shock-induced lung injury. Purinergic Signal 2013; 9:427-32. [PMID: 23584760 PMCID: PMC3757139 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-013-9362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is responsible for secondary organ failure after trauma and hemorrhagic shock (T/HS). Adenosine, acting through four G protein-coupled cell surface receptors, A1, A2A, A2B, and A3, exerts a number of tissue protective and anti-inflammatory effects. The goal of the present study was to test the effect of A2B adenosine receptor stimulation on T/HS-induced organ injury and inflammation in rats. Rats after T/HS were resuscitated with Ringer's lactate containing the A2B receptor agonist BAY 60-6583 or its vehicle. We found that BAY 60-6583 decreased T/HS-induced lung permeability and plasma creatine kinase levels but failed to affect T/HS-induced lung neutrophil infiltration and IκBα expression and plasma alanine aminotransferase levels. Thus, we conclude that stimulation of A2B receptors protects against T/HS-induced lung and muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Koscsó
- />Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07103 USA
| | - Alexey Trepakov
- />Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07103 USA
| | - Balázs Csóka
- />Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07103 USA
| | - Zoltán H. Németh
- />Department of Surgery, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ USA
| | - Pál Pacher
- />Section on Oxidative Stress Tissue Injury, Laboratory of Physiological Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Holger K. Eltzschig
- />Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Medical School, Aurora, CO USA
| | - György Haskó
- />Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07103 USA
- />Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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27
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Gottlieb SS, Ticho B, Deykin A, Abraham WT, DeNofrio D, Russell SD, Chapman D, Smith W, Goldman S, Thomas I. Effects of BG9928, an Adenosine A1Receptor Antagonist, in Patients With Congestive Heart Failure. J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 51:899-907. [DOI: 10.1177/0091270010375957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Zhou J, Alvarez-Elizondo MB, Botvinick E, George SC. Adenosine A(1) and prostaglandin E receptor 3 receptors mediate global airway contraction after local epithelial injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2012; 48:299-305. [PMID: 23221044 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0174oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial injury and airway hyperresponsiveness are prominent features of asthma. We have previously demonstrated that laser ablation of single epithelial cells immediately induces global airway constriction through Ca(2+)-dependent smooth muscle shortening. The response is mediated by soluble mediators released from wounded single epithelial cells; however, the soluble mediators and signaling mechanisms have not been identified. In this study, we investigated the nature of the epithelial-derived soluble mediators and the associated signaling pathways that lead to the L-type voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channel (VGCC)-mediated Ca(2+) influx. We found that inhibition of adenosine A1 receptors (or removal of adenosine with adenosine deaminase), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 or prostaglandin E receptor 3 (EP3) receptors, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), or platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) all significantly blocked Ca(2+) oscillations in smooth muscle cells and airway contraction induced by local epithelial injury. Using selective agonists to activate the receptors in the presence and absence of selective receptor antagonists, we found that adenosine activated the signaling pathway A1R→EGFR/PDGFR→COX-2→EP3→VGCCs→calcium-induced calcium release, leading to intracellular Ca(2+) oscillations in airway smooth muscle cells and airway constriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 2420 Engineering Hall, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2715, USA
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29
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Abstract
Improved understanding of the pathophysiology of salt and water homeostasis has provided a foundation for explaining the renal mechanisms of emerging therapies for heart failure, as well as why renal function might potentially be improved or harmed. These aspects are reviewed in this article for a number of newer therapies including adenosine, endothelin, and vasopressin receptor antagonists, as well as extracorporeal ultrafiltration. An appreciation of the complexity and sometimes opposing pathways of these approaches may explain their limited efficacy in early trials, in which there has not been a substantial improvement in patient or renal outcomes. In that there is often a balance between beneficial and maladaptive receptor actions and neurohumoral responses, this physiologic approach also provides insight into the rationale for combining therapies. Multi-agent strategies may thus maximize their effectiveness while minimizing adverse effects and tolerance. In this paper, the theoretical impact of the emerging agents based on their mechanism of action and pathophysiology of the disease is initially addressed. Then, the available clinical evidence for each class of drugs is reviewed with special emphasis on their effect on kidney-related parameters. Finally, a general overview of the complexity of the interpretation of trials is offered along with a number of potential explanations for the observed results.
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30
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Chaykovska L, von Websky K, Rahnenführer J, Alter M, Heiden S, Fuchs H, Runge F, Klein T, Hocher B. Effects of DPP-4 inhibitors on the heart in a rat model of uremic cardiomyopathy. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27861. [PMID: 22125632 PMCID: PMC3220703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Uremic cardiomyopathy contributes substantially to mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) may improve cardiac function, but is mainly degraded by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). Methodology/Principal Findings In a rat model of chronic renal failure, 5/6-nephrectomized [5/6N] rats were treated orally with DPP-4 inhibitors (linagliptin, sitagliptin, alogliptin) or placebo once daily for 4 days from 8 weeks after surgery, to identify the most appropriate treatment for cardiac dysfunction associated with CKD. Linagliptin showed no significant change in blood level AUC(0-∞) in 5/6N rats, but sitagliptin and alogliptin had significantly higher AUC(0-∞) values; 41% and 28% (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0324), respectively. No correlation of markers of renal tubular and glomerular function with AUC was observed for linagliptin, which required no dose adjustment in uremic rats. Linagliptin 7 µmol/kg caused a 2-fold increase in GLP-1 (AUC 201.0 ng/l*h) in 5/6N rats compared with sham-treated rats (AUC 108.6 ng/l*h) (p = 0.01). The mRNA levels of heart tissue fibrosis markers were all significantly increased in 5/6N vs control rats and reduced/normalized by linagliptin. Conclusions/Significance DPP-4 inhibition increases plasma GLP-1 levels, particularly in uremia, and reduces expression of cardiac mRNA levels of matrix proteins and B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP). Linagliptin may offer a unique approach for treating uremic cardiomyopathy in CKD patients, with no need for dose-adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyubov Chaykovska
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Karoline von Websky
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jan Rahnenführer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Markus Alter
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Nuthetal, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medizinische Klinik für Endokrinologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susi Heiden
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Holger Fuchs
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Frank Runge
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Thomas Klein
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Berthold Hocher
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Nuthetal, Germany
- * E-mail:
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31
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Müller CE, Jacobson KA. Recent developments in adenosine receptor ligands and their potential as novel drugs. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2011; 1808:1290-308. [PMID: 21185259 PMCID: PMC3437328 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Revised: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal chemical approaches have been applied to all four of the adenosine receptor (AR) subtypes (A(1), A(2A), A(2B), and A(3)) to create selective agonists and antagonists for each. The most recent class of selective AR ligands to be reported is the class of A(2B)AR agonists. The availability of these selective ligands has facilitated research on therapeutic applications of modulating the ARs and in some cases has provided clinical candidates. Prodrug approaches have been developed which improve the bioavailability of the drugs, reduce side-effects, and/or may lead to site-selective effects. The A(2A) agonist regadenoson (Lexiscan®), a diagnostic drug for myocardial perfusion imaging, is the first selective AR agonist to be approved. Other selective agonists and antagonists are or were undergoing clinical trials for a broad range of indications, including capadenoson and tecadenoson (A(1) agonists) for atrial fibrillation, or paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, respectively, apadenoson and binodenoson (A(2A) agonists) for myocardial perfusion imaging, preladenant (A(2A) antagonist) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and CF101 and CF102 (A(3) agonists) for inflammatory diseases and cancer, respectively.
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Hocher B, Heiden S, von Websky K, Arafat AM, Rahnenführer J, Alter M, Kalk P, Ziegler D, Fischer Y, Pfab T. Renal effects of the novel selective adenosine A1 receptor blocker SLV329 in experimental liver cirrhosis in rats. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17891. [PMID: 21423778 PMCID: PMC3053401 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis is often complicated by an impaired renal excretion of water and sodium. Diuretics tend to further deteriorate renal function. It is unknown whether chronic selective adenosine A(1) receptor blockade, via inhibition of the hepatorenal reflex and the tubuloglomerular feedback, might exert diuretic and natriuretic effects without a reduction of the glomerular filtration rate. In healthy animals intravenous treatment with the novel A(1) receptor antagonist SLV329 resulted in a strong dose-dependent diuretic (up to 3.4-fold) and natriuretic (up to 13.5-fold) effect without affecting creatinine clearance. Male Wistar rats with thioacetamide-induced liver cirrhosis received SLV329, vehicle or furosemide for 12 weeks. The creatinine clearance of cirrhotic animals decreased significantly (-36.5%, p<0.05), especially in those receiving furosemide (-41.9%, p<0.01). SLV329 was able to prevent this decline of creatinine clearance. Mortality was significantly lower in cirrhotic animals treated with SLV329 in comparison to animals treated with furosemide (17% vs. 54%, p<0.05). SLV329 did not relevantly influence the degree of liver fibrosis, kidney histology or expression of hepatic or renal adenosine receptors. In conclusion, chronic treatment with SLV329 prevented the decrease of creatinine clearance in a rat model of liver cirrhosis. Further studies will have to establish whether adenosine A(1) receptor antagonists are clinically beneficial at different stages of liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berthold Hocher
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susi Heiden
- Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karoline von Websky
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ayman M. Arafat
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jan Rahnenführer
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Alter
- Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Kalk
- Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Thiemo Pfab
- Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Fredholm BB, IJzerman AP, Jacobson KA, Linden J, Müller CE. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. LXXXI. Nomenclature and classification of adenosine receptors--an update. Pharmacol Rev 2011; 63:1-34. [PMID: 21303899 PMCID: PMC3061413 DOI: 10.1124/pr.110.003285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1015] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the 10 years since our previous International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology report on the nomenclature and classification of adenosine receptors, no developments have led to major changes in the recommendations. However, there have been so many other developments that an update is needed. The fact that the structure of one of the adenosine receptors has recently been solved has already led to new ways of in silico screening of ligands. The evidence that adenosine receptors can form homo- and heteromultimers has accumulated, but the functional significance of such complexes remains unclear. The availability of mice with genetic modification of all the adenosine receptors has led to a clarification of the functional roles of adenosine, and to excellent means to study the specificity of drugs. There are also interesting associations between disease and structural variants in one or more of the adenosine receptors. Several new selective agonists and antagonists have become available. They provide improved possibilities for receptor classification. There are also developments hinting at the usefulness of allosteric modulators. Many drugs targeting adenosine receptors are in clinical trials, but the established therapeutic use is still very limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertil B Fredholm
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Smith K, Semple D, Bhandari S, Seymour AML. Cellular basis of uraemic cardiomyopathy: a role for erythropoietin? Eur J Heart Fail 2010; 11:732-8. [PMID: 19633100 DOI: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfp093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of erythropoietin (EPO) has revolutionized the treatment of anaemia associated with many conditions including chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, little is known of the cellular impact of EPO on the uraemic heart. The discovery that the EPO receptor (EPOR) is also expressed on non-haematopoietic cells including cardiomyocytes highlights a role of EPO beyond haematopoiesis. Animal models of heart failure have shown EPO can potentially reverse cardiac remodelling and improve myocardial function. Damage to the kidney, during uraemia, results in a decreased EPO production, which may render the uraemic heart more susceptible to damage and heart failure. Here we review current data on the cellular actions of EPO in models of left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure and highlight parallels with the uraemic heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Kingston-upon-Hull, UK
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Semple D, Smith K, Bhandari S, Seymour AML. Uremic cardiomyopathy and insulin resistance: a critical role for akt? J Am Soc Nephrol 2010; 22:207-15. [PMID: 20634295 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2009090900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Uremic cardiomyopathy is a classic complication of chronic renal failure whose cause is unclear and treatment remains disappointing. Insulin resistance is an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in chronic renal failure. Underlying insulin resistance are defects in insulin signaling through the protein kinase, Akt. Akt acts as a nodal point in the control of both the metabolic and pleiotropic effects of insulin. Imbalance among these effects leads to cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and apoptosis; less angiogenesis; metabolic remodeling; and altered calcium cycling, all key features of uremic cardiomyopathy. Here we consider the role of Akt in the development of uremic cardiomyopathy, drawing parallels from models of hypertrophic cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Semple
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Hull, Kingston-upon-Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
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Scheiff AB, Yerande SG, El-Tayeb A, Li W, Inamdar GS, Vasu KK, Sudarsanam V, Müller CE. 2-Amino-5-benzoyl-4-phenylthiazoles: Development of potent and selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:2195-2203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2009] [Revised: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Adenosine. Br J Pharmacol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00501_5.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Mitrovic V, Seferovic P, Dodic S, Krotin M, Neskovic A, Dickstein K, de Voogd H, Böcker C, Ziegler D, Godes M, Nakov R, Essers H, Verboom C, Hocher B. Cardio-renal effects of the A1 adenosine receptor antagonist SLV320 in patients with heart failure. Circ Heart Fail 2009; 2:523-31. [PMID: 19919976 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.108.798389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blocking the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism with adenosine A1 receptor antagonists seems to improve diuresis and sodium excretion without compromising the glomerular filtration rate in patients with heart failure. However, the direct cardiac effects of this compound class have not been investigated to date. METHODS AND RESULTS In total, 111 patients (109 men and 2 women) received a 1-hour infusion of 5, 10, and 15 mg SLV320, an adenosine A1 receptor antagonist, placebo, or 40 mg furosemide. Mean age was 57.9 years, mean ejection fraction was 28.1%, 82 patients were of New York Heart Association class II, and 29 patients were of New York Heart Association class III. Hemodynamic parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, systemic vascular resistance, right atrial pressure, and cardiac output) were determined. Kidney function was assessed by cystatin C measurements and by analysis of urine output and urine electrolytes. In addition, pharmacokinetics of SLV320 and ex vivo inhibition of adenosine A1 receptor activity were performed. SLV320 was well tolerated, and no serious adverse events were observed. Heart rate, blood pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, right atrial pressure, and cardiac output were not altered by any dose of SLV320. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was significantly (P=0.04) decreased by furosemide (-6.2+/-5.9 mm Hg). Systemic vascular resistance was significantly (P=0.04) increased in the furosemide group (+166.70+/-261.87 dynes . s(-1) . cm(-5)), whereas all SLV320 groups showed no significant alterations of systemic vascular resistance. Changes from baseline cystatin C plasma concentrations decreased after 10 mg SLV320 (-0.093+/-0.137 mg/L, P=0.046), whereas furosemide resulted in a significant (P=0.03) increase of cystatin C (+0.052+/-0.065 mg/L) versus baseline. All values represent mean changes+/-SD from baseline at 3 hours postdosing: SLV320 (10 and 15 mg) increased significantly sodium excretion and diuresis compared with placebo during the 0- to 6-hour collection period postdosing. CONCLUSIONS SLV320 infusion shows no immediate effects on cardiac hemodynamics. SLV320 might improve glomerular filtration rate while simultaneously promoting natriuresis and diuresis. Clinical Trial Registration- clinicaltrials.gov Indentifier: NCT00160134.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veselin Mitrovic
- Kerckhoff-Klinik, Department of Cardiology and Cardiosurgery, Bad Nauheim, Germany
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Vallon V, Schroth J, Satriano J, Blantz RC, Thomson SC, Rieg T. Adenosine A(1) receptors determine glomerular hyperfiltration and the salt paradox in early streptozotocin diabetes mellitus. Nephron Clin Pract 2009; 111:p30-8. [PMID: 19276628 DOI: 10.1159/000208211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Accepted: 12/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In early type 1 diabetes mellitus, changes in proximal reabsorption influence glomerular filtration rate (GFR) through tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF). Due to TGF, a primary increase in proximal reabsorption causes early diabetic hyperfiltration, while a heightened sensitivity of the proximal tubule to dietary salt leads to the so-called salt paradox, where a change in dietary salt causes a reciprocal change in GFR ('tubulocentric principle'). Here, experiments were performed in adenosine A(1) receptor knockout mice (A(1)R-/-), which lack an immediate TGF response, to determine whether A(1)Rs are essential for early diabetic hyperfiltration and the salt paradox. METHODS GFR was measured by inulin disappearance in conscious A(1)R-/- and wild-type (WT) mice after 4 weeks of streptozotocin diabetes on a control NaCl diet (1%), and measurements were repeated after 6 days of equilibration on a low-NaCl (0.1%) or a high-NaCl (4%) diet. RESULTS A(1)R-/- and WT were similar with respect to blood glucose, dietary intakes and body weight changes on a given diet. Diabetic hyperfiltration occurred in WT, but was blunted in A(1)R-/-. A reciprocal relationship between GFR and dietary salt was found in WT diabetics, but not A(1)R-/- diabetics or nondiabetics of either strain. CONCLUSION A(1)Rs determine glomerular hyperfiltration and the salt paradox in early diabetes, which is consistent with the tubulocentric principle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Vallon
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif., USA.
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Feoktistov I, Biaggioni I, Cronstein BN. Adenosine receptors in wound healing, fibrosis and angiogenesis. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2009:383-97. [PMID: 19639289 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-89615-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing and tissue repair are critical processes, and adenosine, released from injured or ischemic tissues, plays an important role in promoting wound healing and tissue repair. Recent studies in genetically manipulated mice demonstrate that adenosine receptors are required for appropriate granulation tissue formation and in adequate wound healing. A(2A) and A(2B) adenosine receptors stimulate both of the critical functions in granulation tissue formation (i.e., new matrix production and angiogenesis), and the A(1) adenosine receptor (AR) may also contribute to new vessel formation. The effects of adenosine acting on these receptors is both direct and indirect, as AR activation suppresses antiangiogenic factor production by endothelial cells, promotes endothelial cell proliferation, and stimulates angiogenic factor production by endothelial cells and other cells present in the wound. Similarly, adenosine, acting at its receptors, stimulates collagen matrix formation directly. Like many other biological processes, AR-mediated promotion of tissue repair is critical for appropriate wound healing but may also contribute to pathogenic processes. Excessive tissue repair can lead to problems such as scarring and organ fibrosis and adenosine, and its receptors play a role in pathologic fibrosis as well. Here we review the evidence for the involvement of adenosine and its receptors in wound healing, tissue repair and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Feoktistov
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-6300, USA.
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Abstract
The pathophysiological processes underlying respiratory diseases like asthma are complex, resulting in an overwhelming choice of potential targets for the novel treatment of this disease. Despite this complexity, asthmatic subjects are uniquely sensitive to a range of substances like adenosine, thought to act indirectly to evoke changes in respiratory mechanics and in the underlying pathology, and thereby to offer novel insights into the pathophysiology of this disease. Adenosine is of particular interest because this substance is produced endogenously by many cells during hypoxia, stress, allergic stimulation, and exercise. Extracellular adenosine can be measured in significant concentrations within the airways; can be shown to activate adenosine receptor (AR) subtypes on lung resident cells and migrating inflammatory cells, thereby altering their function, and could therefore play a significant role in this disease. Many preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies have documented the roles of the various AR subtypes in regulating cell function and how they might have a beneficial impact in disease models. Agonists and antagonists of some of these receptor subtypes have been developed and have progressed to clinical studies in order to evaluate their potential as novel antiasthma drugs. In this chapter, we will highlight the roles of adenosine and AR subtypes in many of the characteristic features of asthma: airway obstruction, inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and remodeling. We will also discuss the merit of targeting each receptor subtype in the development of novel antiasthma drugs.
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Kiesman WF, Elzein E, Zablocki J. A1 adenosine receptor antagonists, agonists, and allosteric enhancers. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2009:25-58. [PMID: 19639278 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-89615-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Intense efforts of many pharmaceutical companies and academicians in the A(1) adenosine receptor (AR) field have led to the discovery of clinical candidates that are antagonists, agonists, and allosteric enhancers. The A(1)AR antagonists currently in clinical development are KW3902, BG9928, and SLV320. All three have high affinity for the human (h) A(1)AR subtype (hA(1) K (i) < 10 nM), > 200-fold selectivity over the hA(2A) subtype, and demonstrate renal protective effects in multiple animal models of disease and pharmacologic effects in human subjects. In the A(1)AR agonist area, clinical candidates have been discovered for the following conditions: atrial arrhythmias (tecadenoson, selodenoson and PJ-875); Type II diabetes and insulin sensitizing agents (GR79236, ARA, RPR-749, and CVT-3619); and angina (BAY 68-4986). The challenges associated with the development of any A(1)AR agonist are to obtain tissue-specific effects but avoid off-target tissue side effects and A(1)AR desensitization leading to tachyphylaxis. For the IV antiarrhythmic agents that act as ventricular rate control agents, a selective response can be accomplished by careful IV dosing paradigms. The treatment of type II diabetes using A(1)AR agonists in the clinic has met with limited success due to cardiovascular side effects and a well-defined desensitization of full agonists in human trials (GR79236, ARA, and RPR 749). However, new partial A(1)AR agonists are in development, including CVT-3619 hA(1) AR K(i) = 55nM, hA(2A:hA2B:hA(3))1,000:20, CV Therapeutics), which have the potential to provide enhanced insulin sensitivity without cardiovascular side effects and tachyphylaxis. The nonnucleosidic A(1)AR agonist BAY 68-4986 (capadenoson) represents a novel approach to angina wherein both animal studies and early human studies are promising. T-62 is an A(1)AR allosteric enhancer that is currently being evaluated in clinical trials as a potential treatment for neuropathic pain. The challenges associated with developing A(1)AR antagonists, agonists, or allosteric enhancers for therapeutic intervention are now well defined in humans. Significant progress has been made in identifying A(1)AR antagonists for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure (CHF), A(1)AR agonists for the treatment of atrial arrhythmias, type II diabetes and angina, and A(1)AR allosteric enhancers for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Abstract
Adenosine A1 antagonists are being developed for the treatment of renal dysfunction in patients with congestive heart failure. After early small studies prompted hope that these agents could increase urine output without worsening the glomerular filtration rate, larger studies published and presented in 2007 confirmed their beneficial impact on weight and renal function. However, in many studies the renal benefits disappear with higher doses, suggesting that specificity may be lost with higher doses of these drugs. Investigations in animals indicate that there may also be direct benefits on the myocardium and in the lung. Although studies have not shown adverse effects at optimal dosing, the widespread actions of adenosine mandate that safety be established. Ongoing studies should be able to demonstrate whether adenosine A1 antagonists can be used to improve renal function without adversely affecting patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen S Gottlieb
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 South Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Giorgi I, Nieri P. Therapeutic potential of A1adenosine receptor ligands: a survey of recent patent literature. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2008. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.18.7.677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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De Luca L, Mebazaa A, Filippatos G, Parissis JT, Böhm M, Voors AA, Nieminen M, Zannad F, Rhodes A, El-Banayosy A, Dickstein K, Gheorghiade M. Overview of emerging pharmacologic agents for acute heart failure syndromes. Eur J Heart Fail 2008; 10:201-13. [PMID: 18279775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejheart.2008.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2007] [Revised: 11/15/2007] [Accepted: 01/02/2008] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several therapies commonly used for the treatment of acute heart failure syndromes (AHFS) present some well-known limitations and have been associated with an early increase in the risk of death. There is, therefore, an unmet need for new pharmacologic agents for the early management of AHFS that may improve both short- and long-term outcomes. AIM To review the recent evidence on emerging pharmacologic therapies in AHFS. METHODS A systematic search of peer-reviewed publications was performed on MEDLINE, EMBASE and Clinical Trials.gov from January 1990 to August 2007. The results of unpublished or ongoing trials were obtained from presentations at national and international meetings and pharmaceutical industry releases. Bibliographies from these references were also reviewed, as were additional articles identified by content experts. RESULTS Cumulative data from large studies and randomised trials suggest that therapies with innovative mechanisms of action may safely and effectively reduce pulmonary congestion or improve cardiac performance in AHFS patients. CONCLUSION Some investigational agents for the management of AHFS are able to improve haemodynamics and/or clinical status. In spite of these promising findings, no new agent has demonstrated a clear benefit in terms of long-term clinical outcomes compared to placebo or conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo De Luca
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, European Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Xu Y, Ravid K, Smith BD. Major histocompatibility class II transactivator expression in smooth muscle cells from A2b adenosine receptor knock-out mice: cross-talk between the adenosine and interferon-gamma signaling. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:14213-20. [PMID: 18359773 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m708657200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis characterized by sustained inflammation and aberrant extracellular matrix alterations. Our previous investigation has defined major histocompatibility class II transactivator (CIITA) as a key factor in mediating these two processes in smooth muscle cells. Here, we demonstrate that CIITA and major histocompatibility class II expression are elevated in interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-treated smooth muscle cells from A2b adenosine receptor (A2bAR(-/-)) knock-out mice, as compared with wild type cells. An A2-type adenosine receptor agonist suppresses these effects of IFN-gamma in wild type cells, which can be blocked by an A2bAR-specific antagonist. We further identify that increased cellular cAMP levels are responsible for the down-regulation of CIITA expression and, hence, reduced IFN-gamma response as evidenced by the following data: 1) direct activation of adenylyl cyclase activity is both necessary and sufficient to suppress the IFN-gamma response; 2) inhibition of phosphodiesterase activity attenuates IFN-gamma induced transcription events; and 3) direct treatment with cAMP analog abrogates CIITA activation and IFN-gamma response. Therefore, our data establish possible cross-talk between the adenosine signaling through cAMP and IFN-gamma during regulation of CIITA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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