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Steichen S, Deshpande A, Mosey M, Loob J, Douchi D, Knoshaug EP, Brown S, Nielsen R, Weissman J, Carrillo LR, Laurens LML. Central transcriptional regulator controls photosynthetic growth and carbon storage in response to high light. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4842. [PMID: 38844786 PMCID: PMC11156908 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbon capture and biochemical storage are some of the primary drivers of photosynthetic yield and productivity. To elucidate the mechanisms governing carbon allocation, we designed a photosynthetic light response test system for genetic and metabolic carbon assimilation tracking, using microalgae as simplified plant models. The systems biology mapping of high light-responsive photophysiology and carbon utilization dynamics between two variants of the same Picochlorum celeri species, TG1 and TG2 elucidated metabolic bottlenecks and transport rates of intermediates using instationary 13C-fluxomics. Simultaneous global gene expression dynamics showed 73% of the annotated genes responding within one hour, elucidating a singular, diel-responsive transcription factor, closely related to the CCA1/LHY clock genes in plants, with significantly altered expression in TG2. Transgenic P. celeri TG1 cells expressing the TG2 CCA1/LHY gene, showed 15% increase in growth rates and 25% increase in storage carbohydrate content, supporting a coordinating regulatory function for a single transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth Steichen
- Bioenergy Science and Technology Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Arnav Deshpande
- Bioenergy Science and Technology Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Megan Mosey
- Bioenergy Science and Technology Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Jessica Loob
- Bioenergy Science and Technology Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Damien Douchi
- Bioenergy Science and Technology Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Eric P Knoshaug
- Bioenergy Science and Technology Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Stuart Brown
- ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co. (EMTEC), CLD286 Annandale, 1545 Route 22 East, Annandale, NJ, 08801, USA
| | - Robert Nielsen
- ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co. (EMTEC), CLD286 Annandale, 1545 Route 22 East, Annandale, NJ, 08801, USA
| | - Joseph Weissman
- ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co. (EMTEC), CLD286 Annandale, 1545 Route 22 East, Annandale, NJ, 08801, USA
| | - L Ruby Carrillo
- ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co. (EMTEC), CLD286 Annandale, 1545 Route 22 East, Annandale, NJ, 08801, USA
| | - Lieve M L Laurens
- Bioenergy Science and Technology Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
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2
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Doose C, Hubas C. The metabolites of light: Untargeted metabolomic approaches bring new clues to understand light-driven acclimation of intertidal mudflat biofilm. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168692. [PMID: 38008320 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The microphytobenthos (MPB), a microbial community of primary producers, play a key role in coastal ecosystem functioning, particularly in intertidal mudflats. These mudflats experience challenging variations of irradiance, forcing the micro-organisms to develop photoprotective mechanisms to survive and thrive in this dynamic environment. Two major adaptations to light are well described in literature: the excess of light energy dissipation through non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), and the vertical migration in the sediment. These mechanisms trigger considerable scientific interest, but the biological processes and metabolic mechanisms involved in light-driven vertical migration remain largely unknown. To our knowledge, this study investigates for the first time metabolomic responses of a migrational mudflat biofilm exposed for 30 min to a light gradient of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) from 50 to 1000 μmol photons m-2 s-1. The untargeted metabolomic analysis allowed to identify metabolites involved in two types of responses to light irradiance levels. On the one hand, the production of SFAs and MUFAs, primarily derived from bacteria, indicates a healthy photosynthetic state of MPB under low light (LL; 50 and 100 PAR) and medium light (ML; 250 PAR) conditions. Conversely, when exposed to high light (HL; 500, 750 and 1000 PAR), the MPB experienced light-induced stress, triggering the production of alka(e)nes and fatty alcohols. The physiological and ecological roles of these compounds are poorly described in literature. This study sheds new light on the topic, as it suggests that these compounds may play a crucial and previously unexplored role in light-induced stress acclimation of migrational MPB biofilms. Since alka(e)nes are produced from FAs decarboxylation, these results thus emphasize for the first time the importance of FAs pathways in microphytobenthic biofilms acclimation to light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Doose
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR BOREA, MNHN-CNRS-UCN-UPMC-IRD-UA, Station Marine de Concarneau, Concarneau, France.
| | - Cédric Hubas
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR BOREA, MNHN-CNRS-UCN-UPMC-IRD-UA, Station Marine de Concarneau, Concarneau, France.
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3
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Collart L, Jiang D, Halsey KH. The volatilome reveals microcystin concentration, microbial composition, and oxidative stress in a critical Oregon freshwater lake. mSystems 2023; 8:e0037923. [PMID: 37589463 PMCID: PMC10654074 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00379-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Harmful algal blooms are among the most significant threats to drinking water safety. Blooms dominated by cyanobacteria can produce potentially harmful toxins and, despite intensive research, toxin production remains unpredictable. We measured gaseous molecules in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, over 2 years and used them to predict the presence and concentration of the cyanotoxin, microcystin, and microbial community composition. Subsets of gaseous compounds were identified that are associated with microcystin production during oxidative stress, pointing to ecosystem-level interactions leading to microcystin contamination. Our approach shows potential for gaseous molecules to be harnessed in monitoring critical waterways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Collart
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Duo Jiang
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Kimberly H. Halsey
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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4
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Kageyama H, Waditee-Sirisattha R. Halotolerance mechanisms in salt‑tolerant cyanobacteria. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2023; 124:55-117. [PMID: 37597948 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are ubiquitously distributed in nature and are the most abundant photoautotrophs on Earth. Their long evolutionary history reveals that cyanobacteria have a remarkable capacity and strong adaptive tendencies to thrive in a variety of conditions. Thus, they can survive successfully, especially in harsh environmental conditions such as salty environments, high radiation, or extreme temperatures. Among others, salt stress because of excessive salt accumulation in salty environments, is the most common abiotic stress in nature and hampers agricultural growth and productivity worldwide. These detrimental effects point to the importance of understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the salt stress response. While it is generally accepted that the stress response mechanism is a complex network, fewer efforts have been made to represent it as a network. Substantial evidence revealed that salt-tolerant cyanobacteria have evolved genomic specific mechanisms and high adaptability in response to environmental changes. For example, extended gene families and/or clusters of genes encoding proteins involved in the adaptation to high salinity have been collectively reported. This chapter focuses on recent advances and provides an overview of the molecular basis of halotolerance mechanisms in salt‑tolerant cyanobacteria as well as multiple regulatory pathways. We elaborate on the major protective mechanisms, molecular mechanisms associated with halotolerance, and the global transcriptional landscape to provide a gateway to uncover gene regulation principles. Both knowledge and omics approaches are utilized in this chapter to decipher the mechanistic insights into halotolerance. Collectively, this chapter would have a profound impact on providing a comprehensive understanding of halotolerance in salt‑tolerant cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakuto Kageyama
- Graduate School of Environmental and Human Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
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Hayashi Y, Arai M. Recent advances in the improvement of cyanobacterial enzymes for bioalkane production. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:256. [PMID: 36503511 PMCID: PMC9743570 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01981-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of biologically produced alkanes has attracted considerable attention as an alternative energy source to petroleum. In 2010, the alkane synthesis pathway in cyanobacteria was found to include two small globular proteins, acyl-(acyl carrier protein [ACP]) reductase (AAR) and aldehyde deformylating oxygenase (ADO). AAR produces fatty aldehydes from acyl-ACPs/CoAs, which are then converted by ADO to alkanes/alkenes equivalent to diesel oil. This discovery has paved the way for alkane production by genetically modified organisms. Since then, many studies have investigated the reactions catalyzed by AAR and ADO. In this review, we first summarize recent findings on structures and catalytic mechanisms of AAR and ADO. We then outline the mechanism by which AAR and ADO form a complex and efficiently transfer the insoluble aldehyde produced by AAR to ADO. Furthermore, we describe recent advances in protein engineering studies on AAR and ADO to improve the efficiency of alkane production in genetically engineered microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and cyanobacteria. Finally, the role of alkanes in cyanobacteria and future perspectives for bioalkane production using AAR and ADO are discussed. This review provides strategies for improving the production of bioalkanes using AAR and ADO in cyanobacteria for enabling the production of carbon-neutral fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Hayashi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XEnvironmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Munehito Arai
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
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6
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Zhou Y, Qin Y, Zhou H, Zhang T, Feng J, Xie D, Feng L, Peng H, He H, Cai M. Design, synthesis, high algicidal potency, and putative mode of action of new 2-cyclopropyl-4-aminopyrimidine hydrazones. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 184:105098. [PMID: 35715037 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Control of cyanobacteria harmful algal blooms remains a global challenge. In the present study, a series of novel 2-cyclopropyl-4-aminopyrimidine hydrazones were designed and synthesized as potential algicides. Compounds 4a, 4b, 4h, 4j, 4k, 4l, and 4m showed potent inhibition against Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 (median effective concentration, EC50 = 1.1 to 1.7 μM) and Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB905 (EC50 = 1.2 to 2.0 μM), more potent than, or comparably with, copper sulfate (PCC6803, EC50 = 1.8 μM; FACHB905, EC50 = 2.2 μM) and prometryne (PCC6803, EC50 = 12.3 μM; FACHB905, EC50 = 7.2 μM). Compound 4k exhibited algicidal activity in an expanded culture system, and was less toxic than copper sulfate to zebrafish. Electron microscope analyses showed that 4k damaged cyanobacterial cells and decreased the number of thylakoid lamellae. Transcriptomic and qPCR analyses suggest that 4k interfered photosynthesis-related pathways. Treatment with 4k significantly decreased the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II and the photosynthetic electron transfer rate, and the resulting reactive oxygen species damaged thylakoid membranes and photosystem I. The results suggest that 4k is a potential lead for further development of effective and safe algicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yingying Qin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Huan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Tuotuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jiangtao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Dan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Lingling Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Hongwu He
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Meng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China.
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Sheikh T, Hamid B, Baba Z, Iqbal S, Yatoo A, Fatima S, Nabi A, Kanth R, Dar K, Hussain N, Alturki AI, Sunita K, Sayyed R. Extracellular polymeric substances in psychrophilic cyanobacteria: A potential bioflocculant and carbon sink to mitigate cold stress. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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8
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Parveen H, Yazdani SS. Insights into cyanobacterial alkane biosynthesis. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 49:kuab075. [PMID: 34718648 PMCID: PMC9118987 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuab075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Alkanes are high-energy molecules that are compatible with enduring liquid fuel infrastructures, which make them highly suitable for being next-generation biofuels. Though biological production of alkanes has been reported in various microorganisms, the reports citing photosynthetic cyanobacteria as natural producers have been the most consistent for the long-chain alkanes and alkenes (C15-C19). However, the production of alkane in cyanobacteria is low, leading to its extraction being uneconomical for commercial purposes. In order to make alkane production economically feasible from cyanobacteria, the titre and yield need to be increased by several orders of magnitude. In the recent past, efforts have been made to enhance alkane production, although with a little gain in yield, leaving space for much improvement. Genetic manipulation in cyanobacteria is considered challenging, but recent advancements in genetic engineering tools may assist in manipulating the genome in order to enhance alkane production. Further, advancement in a basic understanding of metabolic pathways and gene functioning will guide future research for harvesting the potential of these tiny photosynthetically efficient factories. In this review, our focus would be to highlight the current knowledge available on cyanobacterial alkane production, and the potential aspects of developing cyanobacterium as an economical source of biofuel. Further insights into different metabolic pathways and hosts explored so far, and possible challenges in scaling up the production of alkanes will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Parveen
- Microbial Engineering Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Syed Shams Yazdani
- Microbial Engineering Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067 India
- DBT-ICGEB Centre for Advanced Bioenergy Research, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
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Bandyopadhyay A, Ye Z, Benedikty Z, Trtilek M, Pakrasi HB. Antenna Modification Leads to Enhanced Nitrogenase Activity in a High Light-Tolerant Cyanobacterium. mBio 2021; 12:e0340821. [PMID: 34933453 PMCID: PMC8689445 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03408-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological nitrogen fixation is an energy-intensive process that contributes significantly toward supporting life on this planet. Among nitrogen-fixing organisms, cyanobacteria remain unrivaled in their ability to fuel the energetically expensive nitrogenase reaction with photosynthetically harnessed solar energy. In heterocystous cyanobacteria, light-driven, photosystem I (PSI)-mediated ATP synthesis plays a key role in propelling the nitrogenase reaction. Efficient light transfer to the photosystems relies on phycobilisomes (PBS), the major antenna protein complexes. PBS undergo degradation as a natural response to nitrogen starvation. Upon nitrogen availability, these proteins are resynthesized back to normal levels in vegetative cells, but their occurrence and function in heterocysts remain inconclusive. Anabaena 33047 is a heterocystous cyanobacterium that thrives under high light, harbors larger amounts of PBS in its heterocysts, and fixes nitrogen at higher rates compared to other heterocystous cyanobacteria. To assess the relationship between PBS in heterocysts and nitrogenase function, we engineered a strain that retains large amounts of the antenna proteins in its heterocysts. Intriguingly, under high light intensities, the engineered strain exhibited unusually high rates of nitrogenase activity compared to the wild type. Spectroscopic analysis revealed altered PSI kinetics in the mutant with increased cyclic electron flow around PSI, a route that contributes to ATP generation and nitrogenase activity in heterocysts. Retaining higher levels of PBS in heterocysts appears to be an effective strategy to enhance nitrogenase function in cyanobacteria that are equipped with the machinery to operate under high light intensities. IMPORTANCE The function of phycobilisomes, the large antenna protein complexes in heterocysts has long been debated. This study provides direct evidence of the involvement of these proteins in supporting nitrogenase activity in Anabaena 33047, a heterocystous cyanobacterium that has an affinity for high light intensities. This strain was previously known to be recalcitrant to genetic manipulation and, hence, despite its many appealing traits, remained largely unexplored. We developed a genetic modification system for this strain and generated a ΔnblA mutant that exhibited resistance to phycobilisome degradation upon nitrogen starvation. Physiological characterization of the strain indicated that PBS degradation is not essential for acclimation to nitrogen deficiency and retention of PBS is advantageous for nitrogenase function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zi Ye
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Removal efficiency of marine filamentous Cyanobacteria for Pyrethroids and their effects on the biochemical parameters and growth. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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11
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Vuorio E, Thiel K, Fitzpatrick D, Huokko T, Kämäräinen J, Dandapani H, Aro EM, Kallio P. Hydrocarbon Desaturation in Cyanobacterial Thylakoid Membranes Is Linked With Acclimation to Suboptimal Growth Temperatures. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:781864. [PMID: 34899663 PMCID: PMC8661006 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.781864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to produce medium chain length aliphatic hydrocarbons is strictly conserved in all photosynthetic cyanobacteria, but the molecular function and biological significance of these compounds still remain poorly understood. This study gives a detailed view to the changes in intracellular hydrocarbon chain saturation in response to different growth temperatures and osmotic stress, and the associated physiological effects in the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. We show that the ratio between the representative hydrocarbons, saturated heptadecane and desaturated heptadecene, is reduced upon transition from 38°C toward 15°C, while the total content is not much altered. In parallel, it appears that in the hydrocarbon-deficient ∆ado (aldehyde deformylating oxygenase) mutant, phenotypic and metabolic changes become more evident under suboptimal temperatures. These include hindered growth, accumulation of polyhydroxybutyrate, altered pigment profile, restricted phycobilisome movement, and ultimately reduced CO2 uptake and oxygen evolution in the ∆ado strain as compared to Synechocystis wild type. The hydrocarbons are present in relatively low amounts and expected to interact with other nonpolar cellular components, including the hydrophobic part of the membrane lipids. We hypothesize that the function of the aliphatic chains is specifically associated with local fluidity effects of the thylakoid membrane, which may be required for the optimal movement of the integral components of the photosynthetic machinery. The findings support earlier studies and expand our understanding of the biological role of aliphatic hydrocarbons in acclimation to low temperature in cyanobacteria and link the proposed role in the thylakoid membrane to changes in photosynthetic performance, central carbon metabolism, and cell growth, which need to be effectively fine-tuned under alternating conditions in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Eva-Mari Aro
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pauli Kallio
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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12
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Li X, Liang Y, Li K, Jin P, Tang J, Klepacz-Smółka A, Ledakowicz S, Daroch M. Effects of Low Temperature, Nitrogen Starvation and Their Combination on the Photosynthesis and Metabolites of Thermosynechococcus E542: A Comparison Study. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102101. [PMID: 34685910 PMCID: PMC8537721 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Both low temperature and nitrogen starvation caused chlorosis of cyanobacteria. Here, in this study, for the first time, we compared the effects of low temperature, nitrogen starvation, and their combination on the photosynthesis and metabolites of a thermophilic cyanobacterium strain, Thermosynechococcus E542. Under various culture conditions, the growth rates, pigment contents, and chlorophyll fluorescence were monitored, and the composition of alkanes, lipidomes, and carbohydrates were determined. It was found that low temperature (35 °C) significantly suppressed the growth of Thermosynechococcus E542. Nitrogen starvation at 45 °C and 55 °C did not affect the growth; however, combined treatment of low temperature and nitrogen starvation led to the lowest growth rate and biomass productivity. Both low temperature and nitrogen starvation caused significantly declined contents of pigments, but they resulted in a different effect on the OJIP curves, and their combination led to the lowest pigment contents. The composition of fatty acids and alkanes was altered upon low-temperature cultivation, while nitrogen starvation caused reduced contents of all lipids. The low temperature did not affect carbohydrate contents, while nitrogen starvation greatly enhanced carbohydrate content, and their combination did not enhance carbohydrate content, but led to reduced productivity. These results revealed the influence of low temperature, nitrogen starvation, and their combined treatment for the accumulation of phycobiliproteins, lipids, and carbohydrates of a thermophilic cyanobacterium strain, Thermosynechococcus E542.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingkang Li
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (K.L.); (P.J.)
- Department School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yuanmei Liang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (K.L.); (P.J.)
| | - Kai Li
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (K.L.); (P.J.)
| | - Peng Jin
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (K.L.); (P.J.)
| | - Jie Tang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China;
| | - Anna Klepacz-Smółka
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Wolczanska 213, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (A.K.-S.); (S.L.)
| | - Stanislaw Ledakowicz
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Wolczanska 213, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (A.K.-S.); (S.L.)
| | - Maurycy Daroch
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (K.L.); (P.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0755-26032184
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Moulin SLY, Beyly-Adriano A, Cuiné S, Blangy S, Légeret B, Floriani M, Burlacot A, Sorigué D, Samire PP, Li-Beisson Y, Peltier G, Beisson F. Fatty acid photodecarboxylase is an ancient photoenzyme that forms hydrocarbons in the thylakoids of algae. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:1455-1472. [PMID: 33856460 PMCID: PMC8260138 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid photodecarboxylase (FAP) is one of the few enzymes that require light for their catalytic cycle (photoenzymes). FAP was first identified in the microalga Chlorella variabilis NC64A, and belongs to an algae-specific subgroup of the glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase family. While the FAP from C. variabilis and its Chlamydomonas reinhardtii homolog CrFAP have demonstrated in vitro activities, their activities and physiological functions have not been studied in vivo. Furthermore, the conservation of FAP activity beyond green microalgae remains hypothetical. Here, using a C. reinhardtii FAP knockout line (fap), we showed that CrFAP is responsible for the formation of 7-heptadecene, the only hydrocarbon of this alga. We further showed that CrFAP was predominantly membrane-associated and that >90% of 7-heptadecene was recovered in the thylakoid fraction. In the fap mutant, photosynthetic activity was not affected under standard growth conditions, but was reduced after cold acclimation when light intensity varied. A phylogenetic analysis that included sequences from Tara Ocean identified almost 200 putative FAPs and indicated that FAP was acquired early after primary endosymbiosis. Within Bikonta, FAP was retained in secondary photosynthetic endosymbiosis lineages but absent from those that lost the plastid. Characterization of recombinant FAPs from various algal genera (Nannochloropsis, Ectocarpus, Galdieria, Chondrus) provided experimental evidence that FAP photochemical activity was present in red and brown algae, and was not limited to unicellular species. These results thus indicate that FAP was conserved during the evolution of most algal lineages where photosynthesis was retained, and suggest that its function is linked to photosynthetic membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène L Y Moulin
- CEA, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), UMR7265, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Present address: Stanford University, 279 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Audrey Beyly-Adriano
- CEA, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), UMR7265, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Stéphan Cuiné
- CEA, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), UMR7265, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Stéphanie Blangy
- CEA, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), UMR7265, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Bertrand Légeret
- CEA, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), UMR7265, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Magali Floriani
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SRTE/LECO, Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Adrien Burlacot
- CEA, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), UMR7265, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Present address: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 111 Koshland Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102, USA
| | - Damien Sorigué
- CEA, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), UMR7265, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Poutoum-Palakiyem Samire
- CEA, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), UMR7265, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Yonghua Li-Beisson
- CEA, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), UMR7265, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Gilles Peltier
- CEA, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), UMR7265, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Fred Beisson
- CEA, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), UMR7265, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Author for communication:
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14
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Abedin MR, Barua S. Isolation and purification of glycoglycerolipids to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1298. [PMID: 33446783 PMCID: PMC7809038 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) is the most abundant type of glycoglycerolipid found in the plant cell membrane and mostly in the chloroplast thylakoid membrane. The amphiphilic nature of MGDG is attractive in pharmaceutical fields for interaction with other biological molecules and hence exerting therapeutic anti-cancer, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of cyanobacteria derived MGDG to inhibit breast cancer cell growth. MGDG was extracted from a cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 followed by a subsequent fractionation by column chromatographic technique. The purity and molecular structure of MGDG were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis. The presence of MGDG in the extracted fraction was further confirmed and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The anti-proliferation activity of the extracted MGDG molecule was tested against BT-474 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. The in vitro study showed that MGDG extracted from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 induced apoptosis in (70 ± 8) % of BT-474 (p < 0.001) and (58 ± 5) % of MDA-MB-231 cells (p < 0.001) using ~ 60 and 200 ng/ml of concentrations, respectively. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50 of MGDG extracted from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 were (27.2 ± 7.6) and (150 ± 70) ng/ml in BT-474 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, respectively. Quantification of caspase-3/7 activity using flow cytometry showed (3.0 ± 0.4) and (2.1 ± 0.04)-fold (p < 0.001) higher protein expressions in the MGDG treated BT-474 and MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively than untreated controls conferring to the caspase-dependent apoptosis. The MGDG did not show any significant cytotoxic side effects in human dermal fibroblasts cells. A commercially available MGDG control did not induce any apoptotic cell death in cancer cells substantiating the potential of the MGDG extracted from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 for the treatment of breast cancer cells through the apoptosis-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Raisul Abedin
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 110 Bertelsmeyer Hall, 1101 N. State Street, Rolla, MO, 65409-1230, USA
| | - Sutapa Barua
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 110 Bertelsmeyer Hall, 1101 N. State Street, Rolla, MO, 65409-1230, USA.
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15
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do Amaral SC, Santos AV, da Cruz Schneider MP, da Silva JKR, Xavier LP. Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds and Antibacterial Activity of the Amazonian Cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. Strain GFB01. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204744. [PMID: 33081080 PMCID: PMC7587573 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria exhibit great biotechnological potential due to their capacity to produce compounds with various applicability. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) possess low molecular weight and high vapor pressure. Many volatiles produced by microorganisms have biotechnological potential, including antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to investigate the VOCs synthesized by cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain GFB01, and the influence of nitrate and phosphate on its antibacterial potential. The strain was isolated from the surface of the freshwater lagoon Lagoa dos Índios, Amapá state, in Northern Brazil. After cultivation, the VOCs were extracted by a simultaneous distillation-extraction process, using a Likens-Nickerson apparatus (2 h), and then identified by GC-MS. The extracts did not display inhibitory activity against the Gram-positive bacteria tested by the disk-diffusion agar method. However, the anti-Salmonella property in both extracts (methanol and aqueous) was detected. The main VOCs identified were heptadecane (81.32%) and octadecyl acetate (11.71%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of VOCs emitted by a cyanobacterium from the Amazon that reports the occurrence of 6-pentadecanol and octadecyl acetate in cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Cavalcante do Amaral
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Enzymes and Biotransformation, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (S.C.d.A.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Agenor Valadares Santos
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Enzymes and Biotransformation, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (S.C.d.A.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Maria Paula da Cruz Schneider
- Center of Genomics and Systems Biology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belém 66075-110, Brazil;
| | - Joyce Kelly Rosário da Silva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Enzymes and Biotransformation, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (S.C.d.A.); (A.V.S.)
- Correspondence: (J.K.R.d.S.); (L.P.X.); Tel.: +55-91-3201-8426 (J.K.R.d.S.)
| | - Luciana Pereira Xavier
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Enzymes and Biotransformation, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (S.C.d.A.); (A.V.S.)
- Correspondence: (J.K.R.d.S.); (L.P.X.); Tel.: +55-91-3201-8426 (J.K.R.d.S.)
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16
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Arias DB, Gomez Pinto KA, Cooper KK, Summers ML. Transcriptomic analysis of cyanobacterial alkane overproduction reveals stress-related genes and inhibitors of lipid droplet formation. Microb Genom 2020; 6. [PMID: 32941127 PMCID: PMC7660261 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme can form lipid droplets (LDs), internal inclusions containing triacylglycerols, carotenoids and alkanes. LDs are enriched for a 17 carbon-long alkane in N. punctiforme, and it has been shown that the overexpression of the aar and ado genes results in increased LD and alkane production. To identify transcriptional adaptations associated with increased alkane production, we performed comparative transcriptomic analysis of an alkane overproduction strain. RNA-seq data identified a large number of highly upregulated genes in the overproduction strain, including genes potentially involved in rRNA processing, mycosporine-glycine production and synthesis of non-ribosomal peptides, including nostopeptolide A. Other genes encoding helical carotenoid proteins, stress-induced proteins and those for microviridin synthesis were also upregulated. Construction of N. punctiforme strains with several upregulated genes or operons on multi-copy plasmids resulted in reduced alkane accumulation, indicating possible negative regulators of alkane production. A strain containing four genes for microviridin biosynthesis completely lost the ability to synthesize LDs. This strain exhibited wild-type growth and lag phase recovery under standard conditions, and slightly faster growth under high light. The transcriptional changes associated with increased alkane production identified in this work will provide the basis for future experiments designed to use cyanobacteria as a production platform for biofuel or high-value hydrophobic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy B. Arias
- California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Kevin A. Gomez Pinto
- California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Kerry K. Cooper
- University of Arizona, 1117 E. Lowell St, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Michael L. Summers
- California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
- *Correspondence: Michael L. Summers,
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17
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Guyet U, Nguyen NA, Doré H, Haguait J, Pittera J, Conan M, Ratin M, Corre E, Le Corguillé G, Brillet-Guéguen L, Hoebeke M, Six C, Steglich C, Siegel A, Eveillard D, Partensky F, Garczarek L. Synergic Effects of Temperature and Irradiance on the Physiology of the Marine Synechococcus Strain WH7803. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1707. [PMID: 32793165 PMCID: PMC7393227 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how microorganisms adjust their metabolism to maintain their ability to cope with short-term environmental variations constitutes one of the major current challenges in microbial ecology. Here, the best physiologically characterized marine Synechococcus strain, WH7803, was exposed to modulated light/dark cycles or acclimated to continuous high-light (HL) or low-light (LL), then shifted to various stress conditions, including low (LT) or high temperature (HT), HL and ultraviolet (UV) radiations. Physiological responses were analyzed by measuring time courses of photosystem (PS) II quantum yield, PSII repair rate, pigment ratios and global changes in gene expression. Previously published membrane lipid composition were also used for correlation analyses. These data revealed that cells previously acclimated to HL are better prepared than LL-acclimated cells to sustain an additional light or UV stress, but not a LT stress. Indeed, LT seems to induce a synergic effect with the HL treatment, as previously observed with oxidative stress. While all tested shift conditions induced the downregulation of many photosynthetic genes, notably those encoding PSI, cytochrome b6/f and phycobilisomes, UV stress proved to be more deleterious for PSII than the other treatments, and full recovery of damaged PSII from UV stress seemed to involve the neo-synthesis of a fairly large number of PSII subunits and not just the reassembly of pre-existing subunits after D1 replacement. In contrast, genes involved in glycogen degradation and carotenoid biosynthesis pathways were more particularly upregulated in response to LT. Altogether, these experiments allowed us to identify responses common to all stresses and those more specific to a given stress, thus highlighting genes potentially involved in niche acclimation of a key member of marine ecosystems. Our data also revealed important specific features of the stress responses compared to model freshwater cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulysse Guyet
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Ngoc A Nguyen
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Hugo Doré
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Julie Haguait
- LS2N, UMR CNRS 6004, IMT Atlantique, ECN, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Justine Pittera
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Maël Conan
- DYLISS (INRIA-IRISA)-INRIA, CNRS UMR 6074, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Morgane Ratin
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Erwan Corre
- CNRS, FR2424, ABiMS, Station Biologique, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Gildas Le Corguillé
- CNRS, FR2424, ABiMS, Station Biologique, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Loraine Brillet-Guéguen
- CNRS, FR2424, ABiMS, Station Biologique, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France.,CNRS, UMR 8227 Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Mark Hoebeke
- CNRS, FR2424, ABiMS, Station Biologique, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Christophe Six
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | | | - Anne Siegel
- DYLISS (INRIA-IRISA)-INRIA, CNRS UMR 6074, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Damien Eveillard
- LS2N, UMR CNRS 6004, IMT Atlantique, ECN, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Frédéric Partensky
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Laurence Garczarek
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
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18
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Qiao Y, Wang W, Lu X. High Light Induced Alka(e)ne Biodegradation for Lipid and Redox Homeostasis in Cyanobacteria. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1659. [PMID: 32765469 PMCID: PMC7379126 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are the oldest photosynthetic microorganisms with good environmental adaptability. They are ubiquitous in light-exposed habitats on Earth. In recent years, cyanobacteria have become an ideal platform for producing biofuels and biochemicals from solar energy and carbon dioxide. Alka(e)nes are the main constituents of gasoline, diesel, and jet fuels. Alka(e)ne biosynthesis pathways are present in all sequenced cyanobacteria. Most cyanobacteria biosynthesize long chain alka(e)nes via acyl-acyl-carrier proteins reductase (AAR) and aldehyde-deformylating oxygenase (ADO). Alka(e)nes can be biodegraded by a variety of cyanobacteria, which lack a β-oxidation pathway. However, the mechanisms of alka(e)ne biodegradation in cyanobacteria remain elusive. In this study, a cyanobacterial alka(e)ne biodegradation pathway was uncovered by in vitro enzyme assays. Under high light, alka(e)nes in the membrane can be converted into alcohols and aldehydes by ADO, and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) can then convert the aldehydes into fatty acids to maintain lipid homeostasis in cyanobacteria. As highly reduced molecules, alka(e)nes could serve as electron donors to further reduce partially reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cyanobacteria under high light. Alka(e)ne biodegradation may serve as an emergency mechanism for responding to the oxidative stress generated by excess light exposure. This study will shed new light on the roles of alka(e)ne metabolism in cyanobacteria. It is important to reduce the content of ROS by optimization of cultivation and genetic engineering for efficient alka(e)ne biosynthesis in cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuefeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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19
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Lv Y, Li Y, Liu X, Xu K. Photochemistry and proteomics of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) under drought and shading. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 151:188-196. [PMID: 32224390 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Drought has become an increasingly serious ecological problem that limits crop production. However, little is known about the response of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) to drought and shading, especially with respect to photosynthetic electron transport. Here, differential proteomics was used to study the response of ginger to four experimental treatments: control, drought, 50% shading, and the combination of 50% shading and drought. Proteomic analysis suggested that ginger increased cyclic electron flow under drought stress by enhancing the expression of proteins related to photosystem I and cytochrome b6f. Shading significantly increased the expression of proteins related to the light harvesting complex, even under drought stress. In addition, shading increased the expression of proteins related to the oxygen evolution complex, plastocyanin, and ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase (FNR), thereby enhancing the efficiency of photosynthetic electron utilization. The shading and drought combination treatment appeared to enhance ginger's drought tolerance by reducing the expression of FNR and enhancing cyclic electron flow. Photosynthetic and fluorescence parameters showed that drought stress caused non-stomatal limitation of photosynthesis in ginger leaves. Drought stress also significantly reduced the quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), the non-cyclic electron transfer efficiency of photosystem II (ϕPSII), and photochemical quenching (qP), while simultaneously increasing nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ). The addition of shading improved photosynthetic efficiency under drought. These results provide important baseline information on the photosynthetic mechanisms by which ginger responds to drought and shading. In addition, they provide a theoretical basis for the study of shade cultivation during the arid season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lv
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kun Xu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
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20
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Wang L, Chen L, Yang S, Tan X. Photosynthetic Conversion of Carbon Dioxide to Oleochemicals by Cyanobacteria: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:634. [PMID: 32362881 PMCID: PMC7181335 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustainable production of biofuels and biochemicals has been broadly accepted as a solution to lower carbon dioxide emissions. Besides being used as lubricants or detergents, oleochemicals are also attractive biofuels as they are compatible with existing transport infrastructures. Cyanobacteria are autotrophic prokaryotes possessing photosynthetic abilities with mature genetic manipulation systems. Through the introduction of exogenous or the modification of intrinsic metabolic pathways, cyanobacteria have been engineered to produce various bio-chemicals and biofuels over the past decade. In this review, we specifically summarize recent progress on photosynthetic production of fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty alk(a/e)nes, and fatty acid esters by genetically engineered cyanobacteria. We also summarize recent reports on fatty acid and lipid metabolisms of cyanobacteria and provide perspectives for economic cyanobacterial oleochemical production in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei Province, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei Province, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shihui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei Province, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoming Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei Province, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
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21
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Ritter SPA, Lewis AC, Vincent SL, Lo LL, Cunha APA, Chamot D, Ensminger I, Espie GS, Owttrim GW. Evidence for convergent sensing of multiple abiotic stresses in cyanobacteria. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1864:129462. [PMID: 31669584 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.129462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacteria routinely utilize two-component signal transduction pathways to sense and alter gene expression in response to environmental cues. While cyanobacteria express numerous two-component systems, these pathways do not regulate all of the genes within many of the identified abiotic stress-induced regulons. METHODS Electron transport inhibitors combined with western analysis and measurement of chlorophyll a fluorescent yield, using pulse amplitude modulation fluorometry, were used to detect the effect of a diverse range of abiotic stresses on the redox status of the photosynthetic electron transport chain and the accumulation and degradation of the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 DEAD box RNA helicase, CrhR. RESULTS Alterations in CrhR abundance were tightly correlated with the redox poise of the electron transport chain between QA and cytochrome b6f, with reduction favoring CrhR accumulation. CONCLUSIONS The results provide evidence for an alternative, convergent sensing mechanism mediated through the redox poise of QB/PQH2 that senses multiple, divergent forms of abiotic stress and regulates accumulation of CrhR. The RNA helicase activity of CrhR could then function as a post-translational effector to regulate downstream gene expression. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The potential for a related system in Staphylococcus aureus and higher plant chloroplasts suggest convergent sensing mechanisms may be evolutionarily conserved and occur more widely than anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P A Ritter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Allison C Lewis
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstr. 108, Dresden 01307, Germany.
| | - Shelby L Vincent
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Li Ling Lo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | | | - Danuta Chamot
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Ingo Ensminger
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - George S Espie
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - George W Owttrim
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
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Modeling the Interplay between Photosynthesis, CO 2 Fixation, and the Quinone Pool in a Purple Non-Sulfur Bacterium. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12638. [PMID: 31477760 PMCID: PMC6718658 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49079-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009 is a purple non-sulfur bacterium that can fix carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen or break down organic compounds for its carbon and nitrogen requirements. Light, inorganic, and organic compounds can all be used for its source of energy. Excess electrons produced during its metabolic processes can be exploited to produce hydrogen gas or biodegradable polyesters. A genome-scale metabolic model of the bacterium was reconstructed to study the interactions between photosynthesis, CO2 fixation, and the redox state of the quinone pool. A comparison of model-predicted flux values with available Metabolic Flux Analysis (MFA) fluxes yielded predicted errors of 5–19% across four different growth substrates. The model predicted the presence of an unidentified sink responsible for the oxidation of excess quinols generated by the TCA cycle. Furthermore, light-dependent energy production was found to be highly dependent on the quinol oxidation rate. Finally, the extent of CO2 fixation was predicted to be dependent on the amount of ATP generated through the electron transport chain, with excess ATP going toward the energy-demanding Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) pathway. Based on this analysis, it is hypothesized that the quinone redox state acts as a feed-forward controller of the CBB pathway, signaling the amount of ATP available.
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Yan Q, Pfleger BF. Revisiting metabolic engineering strategies for microbial synthesis of oleochemicals. Metab Eng 2019; 58:35-46. [PMID: 31022535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbial production of oleochemicals from renewable feedstocks remains an attractive route to produce high-energy density, liquid transportation fuels and high-value chemical products. Metabolic engineering strategies have been applied to demonstrate production of a wide range of oleochemicals, including free fatty acids, fatty alcohols, esters, olefins, alkanes, ketones, and polyesters in both bacteria and yeast. The majority of these demonstrations synthesized products containing long-chain fatty acids. These successes motivated additional effort to produce analogous molecules comprised of medium-chain fatty acids, molecules that are less common in natural oils and therefore of higher commercial value. Substantial progress has been made towards producing a subset of these chemicals, but significant work remains for most. The other primary challenge to producing oleochemicals in microbes is improving the performance, in terms of yield, rate, and titer, of biocatalysts such that economic large-scale processes are feasible. Common metabolic engineering strategies include blocking pathways that compete with synthesis of oleochemical building blocks and/or consume products, pulling flux through pathways by removing regulatory signals, pushing flux into biosynthesis by overexpressing rate-limiting enzymes, and engineering cells to tolerate the presence of oleochemical products. In this review, we describe the basic fundamentals of oleochemical synthesis and summarize advances since 2013 towards improving performance of heterotrophic microbial cell factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States; DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Brian F Pfleger
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States; DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
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Knoot CJ, Pakrasi HB. Diverse hydrocarbon biosynthetic enzymes can substitute for olefin synthase in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1360. [PMID: 30718738 PMCID: PMC6361979 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38124-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are among only a few organisms that naturally synthesize long-chain alkane and alkene hydrocarbons. Cyanobacteria use one of two pathways to synthesize alka/enes, either acyl-ACP reductase (Aar) and aldehyde deformylating oxygenase (Ado) or olefin synthase (Ols). The genomes of cyanobacteria encode one of these pathways but never both, suggesting a mutual exclusivity. We studied hydrocarbon pathway compatibility using the model cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 (S7002) by co-expressing Ado/Aar and Ols and by entirely replacing Ols with three other types of hydrocarbon biosynthetic pathways. We find that Ado/Aar and Ols can co-exist and that slower growth occurs only when Ado/Aar are overexpressed at 38 °C. Furthermore, Ado/Aar and the non-cyanobacterial enzymes UndA and fatty acid photodecarboxylase are able to substitute for Ols in a knockout strain and conditionally rescue slow growth. Production of hydrocarbons by UndA in S7002 required a rational mutation to increase substrate range. Expression of the non-native enzymes in S7002 afforded unique hydrocarbon profiles and alka/enes not naturally produced by cyanobacteria. This suggests that the biosynthetic enzyme and the resulting types of hydrocarbons are not critical to supporting growth. Exchanging or mixing hydrocarbon pathways could enable production of novel types of CO2-derived hydrocarbons in cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory J Knoot
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA
| | - Himadri B Pakrasi
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA.
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25
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Eungrasamee K, Miao R, Incharoensakdi A, Lindblad P, Jantaro S. Improved lipid production via fatty acid biosynthesis and free fatty acid recycling in engineered Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:8. [PMID: 30622650 PMCID: PMC6319012 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1349-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyanobacteria are potential sources for third generation biofuels. Their capacity for biofuel production has been widely improved using metabolically engineered strains. In this study, we employed metabolic engineering design with target genes involved in selected processes including the fatty acid synthesis (a cassette of accD, accA, accC and accB encoding acetyl-CoA carboxylase, ACC), phospholipid hydrolysis (lipA encoding lipase A), alkane synthesis (aar encoding acyl-ACP reductase, AAR), and recycling of free fatty acid (FFA) (aas encoding acyl-acyl carrier protein synthetase, AAS) in the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. RESULTS To enhance lipid production, engineered strains were successfully obtained including an aas-overexpressing strain (OXAas), an aas-overexpressing strain with aar knockout (OXAas/KOAar), and an accDACB-overexpressing strain with lipA knockout (OXAccDACB/KOLipA). All engineered strains grew slightly slower than wild-type (WT), as well as with reduced levels of intracellular pigment levels of chlorophyll a and carotenoids. A higher lipid content was noted in all the engineered strains compared to WT cells, especially in OXAas, with maximal content and production rate of 34.5% w/DCW and 41.4 mg/L/day, respectively, during growth phase at day 4. The OXAccDACB/KOLipA strain, with an impediment of phospholipid hydrolysis to FFA, also showed a similarly high content of total lipid of about 32.5% w/DCW but a lower production rate of 31.5 mg/L/day due to a reduced cell growth. The knockout interruptions generated, upon a downstream flow from intermediate fatty acyl-ACP, an induced unsaturated lipid production as observed in OXAas/KOAar and OXAccDACB/KOLipA strains with 5.4% and 3.1% w/DCW, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Among the three metabolically engineered Synechocystis strains, the OXAas with enhanced free fatty acid recycling had the highest efficiency to increase lipid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonchanock Eungrasamee
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Rui Miao
- Microbial Chemistry, Department of Chemistry–Ångström, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Peter Lindblad
- Microbial Chemistry, Department of Chemistry–Ångström, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Saowarath Jantaro
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
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26
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Gibbons J, Gu L, Zhu H, Gibbons W, Zhou R. Identification of two genes required for heptadecane production in a N 2-fixing cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120. AMB Express 2018; 8:167. [PMID: 30317393 PMCID: PMC6186262 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0700-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria photosynthetically produce long-chain hydrocarbons, which are considered as infrastructure-compatible biofuels. However, native cyanobacteria do not produce these hydrocarbons at sufficient rates or yields to warrant commercial deployment. This research sought to identify specific genes required for photosynthetic production of alkanes to enable future metabolic engineering for commercially viable production of alkanes. The two putative genes (alr5283 and alr5284) required for long-chain hydrocarbon production in Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 were knocked out through a double crossover approach. The knockout mutant abolished the production of heptadecane (C17H36). The mutant is able to be complemented by a plasmid bearing the two genes along with their native promoters only. The complemented mutant restored photosynthetic production of heptadecane. This combined genetic and metabolite (alkanes) profiling approach may be broadly applicable to characterization of knockout mutants, using N2-fixing cyanobacteria as a cellular factory driven by solar energy to produce a wide range of commodity chemicals and drop-in-fuels from atmospheric gases (CO2 and N2 gas) and mineralized water.
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27
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Singh PK, Wang W, Shrivastava AK. Cadmium-mediated morphological, biochemical and physiological tuning in three different Anabaena species. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 202:36-45. [PMID: 30007153 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are a natural inhabitant of paddy field and enhance the crop productivity in an eco-friendly manner. Cadmium (Cd) is a perilous trace metal element which not only limits the crop productivity but also inhibits the growth and nitrogen-fixing ability of these diazotrophs as well as the biodiversity of rice field semiaquatic agroecosystems. However, the impact of Cd toxicity in diazotrophic cyanobacteria is yet not adequately addressed. Therefore, in the present study, three diazotrophic cyanobacterial species, i.e., Anabaena sp. PCC7120, Anabaena L31, and Anabaena doliolum were subjected to their LC50 doses of Cd, and their physiological (PSII, Psi, respiration, energy status and nitrogen fixation rate), biochemical variables (such as antioxidant contents and antioxidant enzymes) together with morphological parameters were evaluated. The results of physiological variables suggested that the Cd exposure adversely affects the photosynthesis, respiration, and biological nitrogen fixation ability across three Anabaena species. The results of biochemical variables in terms of accumulation of antioxidants (glutathione, thiol, phytochelatin and proline) content as well as antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase-peroxidase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) revealed that their inter-species stress tolerance behavior may be attributed to the differential accumulation of antioxidants as well as differential antioxidant enzyme activity in three species. Furthermore, the enhanced antioxidant enzymes activity such as GST, GR, CAT, and SOD in Anabaena L31 advocated significantly higher as compared to Anabaena PCC7120 and Anabaena doliolum. In conclusion, Cd-toxicity assessment regarding physiological, biochemical and morphological aspects across three species identified Anabaena L31 as Cd-resistant species than the other two tested species, i.e., Anabaena PCC7120 and Anabaena doliolum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar Singh
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre for Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India; Department of Vegetables and Field Crops, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization - The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, PR China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, PR China; Department of Biology and Food Sciences, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, Henan, 476000 PR China
| | - Alok Kumar Shrivastava
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, 845401, Bihar, India.
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28
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Yamamori T, Kageyama H, Tanaka Y, Takabe T. Requirement of alkanes for salt tolerance of Cyanobacteria: characterization of alkane synthesis genes from salt-sensitive Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 and salt-tolerant Aphanothece halophytica. Lett Appl Microbiol 2018; 67:299-305. [PMID: 30039571 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria have been attracting great interest in the research area of biofuel production. All Cyanobacteria contain C15 -C19 hydrocarbons, but physiological roles of hydrocarbons remain to be clarified. Recently, two universal but mutually exclusive hydrocarbon production pathways in Cyanobacteria were discovered. In this study, we constructed a deletion mutant of alkane synthesis genes in fresh water cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongates PCC 7942. The mutant was incapable to produce alkanes and exhibited normal growth phenotype at low salinity. But, the mutant became salt sensitive. Overexpression of alkane synthesis genes from halotolerant Aphanothece halophytica in Synechococcus PCC7942 restored the growth defect. The alkane synthesis gene from halotolerant cyanobacterium A. halophytica was salt induced and produced a significant amount of alkanes at high salinity. These results indicate the requirement of alkanes for salt tolerance, and the alkane synthesis genes from A. halophytica could be a promising candidate for future biofuel application. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Cyanobacteria have been attracting great interest in the research area of biofuel production. All Cyanobacteria contain C15 -C19 hydrocarbons, but physiological roles of hydrocarbons remain to be clarified. In this study, it was found that the deletion mutant of alkane synthesis genes in fresh water cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongates PCC 7942 was incapable to produce alkanes and salt sensitive. The alkane synthesis gene from halotolerant cyanobacterium Aphanothece halophytica was salt induced and produced a significant amount of alkanes at high salinity. These results demonstrate the alkane synthesis genes from A. halophytica could be a promising candidate for future biofuel application.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yamamori
- Research Institute of Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - H Kageyama
- Graduate School of Environmental and Human Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Graduate School of Environmental and Human Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T Takabe
- Research Institute of Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.,Graduate School of Environmental and Human Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
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29
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Diversion of the long-chain acyl-ACP pool in Synechocystis to fatty alcohols through CRISPRi repression of the essential phosphate acyltransferase PlsX. Metab Eng 2017; 45:59-66. [PMID: 29199103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fatty alcohol production in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 was achieved through heterologous expression of the fatty acyl-CoA/ACP reductase Maqu2220 from the bacteria Marinobacter aquaeolei VT8 and the fatty acyl-ACP reductase DPW from the rice Oryza sativa. These platform strains became models for testing multiplex CRISPR-interference (CRISPRi) metabolic engineering strategies to both improve fatty alcohol production and to study membrane homeostasis. CRISPRi allowed partial repression of up to six genes simultaneously, each encoding enzymes of acyl-ACP-consuming pathways. We identified the essential phosphate acyltransferase enzyme PlsX (slr1510) as a key node in C18 fatty acyl-ACP consumption, repression of slr1510 increased octadecanol productivity threefold over the base strain and gave the highest specific titers reported for this host, 10.3mgg-1 DCW. PlsX catalyzes the first committed step of phosphatidic acid synthesis, and has not been characterized in Synechocystis previously. We found that accumulation of fatty alcohols impaired growth, altered the membrane composition, and caused a build-up of reactive oxygen species.
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30
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Tiwari B, Chakraborty S, Srivastava AK, Mishra AK. Biodegradation and rapid removal of methyl parathion by the paddy field cyanobacterium Fischerella sp. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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31
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Unique attributes of cyanobacterial metabolism revealed by improved genome-scale metabolic modeling and essential gene analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E8344-E8353. [PMID: 27911809 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1613446113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The model cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942, is a genetically tractable obligate phototroph that is being developed for the bioproduction of high-value chemicals. Genome-scale models (GEMs) have been successfully used to assess and engineer cellular metabolism; however, GEMs of phototrophic metabolism have been limited by the lack of experimental datasets for model validation and the challenges of incorporating photon uptake. Here, we develop a GEM of metabolism in S. elongatus using random barcode transposon site sequencing (RB-TnSeq) essential gene and physiological data specific to photoautotrophic metabolism. The model explicitly describes photon absorption and accounts for shading, resulting in the characteristic linear growth curve of photoautotrophs. GEM predictions of gene essentiality were compared with data obtained from recent dense-transposon mutagenesis experiments. This dataset allowed major improvements to the accuracy of the model. Furthermore, discrepancies between GEM predictions and the in vivo dataset revealed biological characteristics, such as the importance of a truncated, linear TCA pathway, low flux toward amino acid synthesis from photorespiration, and knowledge gaps within nucleotide metabolism. Coupling of strong experimental support and photoautotrophic modeling methods thus resulted in a highly accurate model of S. elongatus metabolism that highlights previously unknown areas of S. elongatus biology.
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32
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Lea-Smith DJ, Ortiz-Suarez ML, Lenn T, Nürnberg DJ, Baers LL, Davey MP, Parolini L, Huber RG, Cotton CAR, Mastroianni G, Bombelli P, Ungerer P, Stevens TJ, Smith AG, Bond PJ, Mullineaux CW, Howe CJ. Hydrocarbons Are Essential for Optimal Cell Size, Division, and Growth of Cyanobacteria. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 172:1928-1940. [PMID: 27707888 PMCID: PMC5100757 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are intricately organized, incorporating an array of internal thylakoid membranes, the site of photosynthesis, into cells no larger than other bacteria. They also synthesize C15-C19 alkanes and alkenes, which results in substantial production of hydrocarbons in the environment. All sequenced cyanobacteria encode hydrocarbon biosynthesis pathways, suggesting an important, undefined physiological role for these compounds. Here, we demonstrate that hydrocarbon-deficient mutants of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 and Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 exhibit significant phenotypic differences from wild type, including enlarged cell size, reduced growth, and increased division defects. Photosynthetic rates were similar between strains, although a minor reduction in energy transfer between the soluble light harvesting phycobilisome complex and membrane-bound photosystems was observed. Hydrocarbons were shown to accumulate in thylakoid and cytoplasmic membranes. Modeling of membranes suggests these compounds aggregate in the center of the lipid bilayer, potentially promoting membrane flexibility and facilitating curvature. In vivo measurements confirmed that Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 mutants lacking hydrocarbons exhibit reduced thylakoid membrane curvature compared to wild type. We propose that hydrocarbons may have a role in inducing the flexibility in membranes required for optimal cell division, size, and growth, and efficient association of soluble and membrane bound proteins. The recent identification of C15-C17 alkanes and alkenes in microalgal species suggests hydrocarbons may serve a similar function in a broad range of photosynthetic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Lea-Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.);
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.);
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.);
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.);
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.);
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.);
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Maite L Ortiz-Suarez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Tchern Lenn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Dennis J Nürnberg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Laura L Baers
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Matthew P Davey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Lucia Parolini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Roland G Huber
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Charles A R Cotton
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Giulia Mastroianni
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Paolo Bombelli
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Petra Ungerer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Tim J Stevens
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Alison G Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Peter J Bond
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Conrad W Mullineaux
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
| | - Christopher J Howe
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (D.J.L.-S., L.L.B., C.A.R.C., P.B., C.J.H.)
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom (M.L.O.-S., P.J.B.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom (T.L., D.J.N., G.M., P.U., C.W.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom (M.P.D., A.G.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom (L.P.)
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore 138671 (R.G.H., P.J.B.)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom (T.J.S.); and
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore 117543 (P.J.B.)
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Sorigué D, Légeret B, Cuiné S, Morales P, Mirabella B, Guédeney G, Li-Beisson Y, Jetter R, Peltier G, Beisson F. Microalgae Synthesize Hydrocarbons from Long-Chain Fatty Acids via a Light-Dependent Pathway. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 171:2393-405. [PMID: 27288359 PMCID: PMC4972275 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are considered a promising platform for the production of lipid-based biofuels. While oil accumulation pathways are intensively researched, the possible existence of a microalgal pathways converting fatty acids into alka(e)nes has received little attention. Here, we provide evidence that such a pathway occurs in several microalgal species from the green and the red lineages. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyceae), a C17 alkene, n-heptadecene, was detected in the cell pellet and the headspace of liquid cultures. The Chlamydomonas alkene was identified as 7-heptadecene, an isomer likely formed by decarboxylation of cis-vaccenic acid. Accordingly, incubation of intact Chlamydomonas cells with per-deuterated D31-16:0 (palmitic) acid yielded D31-18:0 (stearic) acid, D29-18:1 (oleic and cis-vaccenic) acids, and D29-heptadecene. These findings showed that loss of the carboxyl group of a C18 monounsaturated fatty acid lead to heptadecene formation. Amount of 7-heptadecene varied with growth phase and temperature and was strictly dependent on light but was not affected by an inhibitor of photosystem II. Cell fractionation showed that approximately 80% of the alkene is localized in the chloroplast. Heptadecane, pentadecane, as well as 7- and 8-heptadecene were detected in Chlorella variabilis NC64A (Trebouxiophyceae) and several Nannochloropsis species (Eustigmatophyceae). In contrast, Ostreococcus tauri (Mamiellophyceae) and the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum produced C21 hexaene, without detectable C15-C19 hydrocarbons. Interestingly, no homologs of known hydrocarbon biosynthesis genes were found in the Nannochloropsis, Chlorella, or Chlamydomonas genomes. This work thus demonstrates that microalgae have the ability to convert C16 and C18 fatty acids into alka(e)nes by a new, light-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Sorigué
- CEA and CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute (UMR 7265), Cadarache 13108, France (D.S., B.L., S.C., P.M., B.M., G.G., Y.L.-B., G.P., F.B.); andDepartment of Botany and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada (R.J.)
| | - Bertrand Légeret
- CEA and CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute (UMR 7265), Cadarache 13108, France (D.S., B.L., S.C., P.M., B.M., G.G., Y.L.-B., G.P., F.B.); andDepartment of Botany and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada (R.J.)
| | - Stéphan Cuiné
- CEA and CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute (UMR 7265), Cadarache 13108, France (D.S., B.L., S.C., P.M., B.M., G.G., Y.L.-B., G.P., F.B.); andDepartment of Botany and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada (R.J.)
| | - Pablo Morales
- CEA and CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute (UMR 7265), Cadarache 13108, France (D.S., B.L., S.C., P.M., B.M., G.G., Y.L.-B., G.P., F.B.); andDepartment of Botany and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada (R.J.)
| | - Boris Mirabella
- CEA and CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute (UMR 7265), Cadarache 13108, France (D.S., B.L., S.C., P.M., B.M., G.G., Y.L.-B., G.P., F.B.); andDepartment of Botany and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada (R.J.)
| | - Geneviève Guédeney
- CEA and CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute (UMR 7265), Cadarache 13108, France (D.S., B.L., S.C., P.M., B.M., G.G., Y.L.-B., G.P., F.B.); andDepartment of Botany and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada (R.J.)
| | - Yonghua Li-Beisson
- CEA and CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute (UMR 7265), Cadarache 13108, France (D.S., B.L., S.C., P.M., B.M., G.G., Y.L.-B., G.P., F.B.); andDepartment of Botany and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada (R.J.)
| | - Reinhard Jetter
- CEA and CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute (UMR 7265), Cadarache 13108, France (D.S., B.L., S.C., P.M., B.M., G.G., Y.L.-B., G.P., F.B.); andDepartment of Botany and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada (R.J.)
| | - Gilles Peltier
- CEA and CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute (UMR 7265), Cadarache 13108, France (D.S., B.L., S.C., P.M., B.M., G.G., Y.L.-B., G.P., F.B.); andDepartment of Botany and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada (R.J.)
| | - Fred Beisson
- CEA and CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute (UMR 7265), Cadarache 13108, France (D.S., B.L., S.C., P.M., B.M., G.G., Y.L.-B., G.P., F.B.); andDepartment of Botany and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada (R.J.)
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