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Fajriaty I, Fidrianny I, Kurniati NF, Fauzi NM, Mustafa SH, Adnyana IK. In vitro and in silico studies of the potential cytotoxic, antioxidant, and HMG CoA reductase inhibitory effects of chitin from Indonesia mangrove crab ( Scylla serrata) shells. Saudi J Biol Sci 2024; 31:103964. [PMID: 38500815 PMCID: PMC10945265 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize chitin extracted from Indonesia mangrove crab (Scylla serrata) shells, as well as to assess its in vitro cytotoxic, antioxidant, and HMG CoA reductase inhibitory potentials. In silico molecular docking, molecular dynamic, and ADMET prediction analyses were also carried out. Chitin was extracted from mangrove crab shells using deproteination and demineralization processes, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) characterization are then performed. The MTT method was further tested in a study of cell viability, while in vitro method was used to assess HMG CoA reductase inhibitory and antioxidant activities. The extracted chitin was found to have a moderate level of cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. In vitro studies showed that it has an IC50 of 36,65 ± 0,082 μg/mL as an HMG CoA reductase inhibitor, and decreased enzyme activity by 68.733 % at 100 μg/mL as a concentration. Furthermore, in the in silico study, chitin showed a strong affinity to several targets, including HMG CoA reductase, HMG synthase, LDL receptor, PPAR-alfa, and HCAR-2 with binding energies of -5.7; -5.8; -3.6; -5.6; -4.6 kcal/mol, respectively. Based on the ADMET properties, it had non-toxic molecules, which were absorbed and distributed across the blood-brain barrier. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation also showed that it remained stable in the active sites of HMG CoA reductase receptor for 100 ns. These results indicated that chitin from Indonesian mangrove crab shells can be used to develop more potent HMG CoA reductase inhibitor with antioxidant and cytotoxic activities for effective dyslipidemia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inarah Fajriaty
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Tanjungpura, Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak 78124, Indonesia
| | - Irda Fidrianny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Neng Fisheri Kurniati
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Norsyahida Mohd Fauzi
- Centre for Drug and Herbal Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Sarmila Hanim Mustafa
- Centre for Drug and Herbal Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - I. Ketut Adnyana
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
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Praveen Kumar PK, Sundar H, Balakrishnan K, Subramaniam S, Ramachandran H, Kevin M, Michael Gromiha M. The Role of HSP90 and TRAP1 Targets on Treatment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01151-4. [PMID: 38684604 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant form of liver cancer and arises due to dysregulation of the cell cycle control machinery. Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) and mitochondrial HSP90, also referred to as TRAP1 are important critical chaperone target receptors for early diagnosis and targeting HCC. Both HSP90 and TRAP1 expression was found to be higher in HCC patients. Hence, the importance of HSP90 and TRAP1 inhibitors mechanism and mitochondrial targeted delivery of those inhibitors function is widely studied. This review also focuses on importance of protein-protein interactions of HSP90 and TRAP1 targets and association of its interacting proteins in various pathways of HCC. To further elucidate the mechanism, systems biology approaches and computational biology approach studies are well explored in the association of inhibition of herbal plant molecules with HSP90 and its mitochondrial type in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Praveen Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Pennalur, Sriperumbudur Tk, Tamil Nadu, 602117, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
| | - Harini Sundar
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Pennalur, Sriperumbudur Tk, Tamil Nadu, 602117, India
| | - Kamalavarshini Balakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Pennalur, Sriperumbudur Tk, Tamil Nadu, 602117, India
| | - Sakthivel Subramaniam
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Pennalur, Sriperumbudur Tk, Tamil Nadu, 602117, India
| | - Hemalatha Ramachandran
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Pennalur, Sriperumbudur Tk, Tamil Nadu, 602117, India
| | - M Kevin
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Pennalur, Sriperumbudur Tk, Tamil Nadu, 602117, India
| | - M Michael Gromiha
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
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Liu K, Yang J, Tang Y, Li Y, Hu Z, Hao X, Yi P, Yuan C. Bioassay-guided isolation of anti-leukemic steroids from Aglaia abbreviata by inducing apoptosis. Bioorg Chem 2024; 144:107147. [PMID: 38280357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
The strategy of bioactivity-guided isolation is widely used to obtain active compounds as quickly as possible. Thus, the inhibitory effects on human erythroleukemia cells (HEL) were applied to guide the isolation of the anti-leukemic compounds from Aglaia abbreviata. As a result, 19 compounds (16 steroids, two phenol derivatives, and a rare C12 chain nor-sesquiterpenoid), including 13 new compounds, were isolated and identified based on spectroscopic data analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction data, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Among them, 9 steroids exhibited good selective anti-leukemic activity against HEL and K562 (human chronic myeloid leukemia cells) cells with IC50 values between 2.29 ± 0.18 μM and 19.58 ± 0.13 μM. Notably, all the active compounds had relatively lower toxicity on the normal human liver cell line (HL-7702). Furthermore, five compounds (1, 4, 8, 10, and 19) displayed good anti-inflammatory effects, with IC50 values between 7.15 ± 0.16 and 27.1 ± 0.37 μM. An α,β-unsaturated ketone or a 5,6Δ double bond was crucial for improving anti-leukemic effect from the structure-activity relationship analysis. The compound with the most potential, 14 was selected for the preliminary mechanistic study. Compound 14 can induce apoptosis and cause cell cycle arrest. The expression of the marker proteins, such as PARP and caspase 3, were notably effected by this compound, thus inducing apoptosis. In conclusion, our investigation implied that compound 14 may serve as a potential anti-leukemia agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanxing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chunmao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China.
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Liu T, Zhang B, Gao Y, Zhang X, Tong J, Li Z. Identification of ACHE as the hub gene targeting solasonine associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using integrated bioinformatics analysis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16195. [PMID: 37842037 PMCID: PMC10573390 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Solasonine, as a major biological component of Solanum nigrum L., has demonstrated anticancer effects against several malignancies. However, little is understood regarding its biological target and mechanism in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods We conducted an analysis on transcriptomic data to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and employed an artificial intelligence (AI) strategy to predict the target protein for solasonine. Subsequently, genetic dependency analysis and molecular docking were performed, with Acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) selected as a pivotal marker for solasonine. We then employed a range of bioinformatic approaches to explore the relationship between ACHE and solasonine. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of solasonine on A549 cells, a human lung cancer cell line. Cell inhibition of A549 cells following solasonine treatment was analyzed using the CCK8 assay. Additionally, we assessed the protein expression of ACHE, as well as markers associated with apoptosis and inflammation, using western blotting. To investigate their functions, we employed a plasmid-based ACHE overexpression system. Finally, we performed dynamics simulations to simulate the interaction mode between solasonine and ACHE. Results The results of the genetic dependency analysis revealed that ACHE could be identified as the pivotal target with the highest docking affinity. The cell experiments yielded significant findings, as evidenced by the negative regulatory effect of solasonine treatment on tumor cells, as demonstrated by the CCK8 assay. Western blotting analysis revealed that solasonine treatment resulted in the downregulation of the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and upregulation of cleaved caspase-3 protein expression levels. Moreover, we observed that ACHE overexpression promoted the expression of the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and decreased cleaved caspase-3 expression in the OE-ACHE group. Notably, solasonine treatment rescued the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and cleaved caspase-3 expression in OE-ACHE cells compared to OE-ACHE cells without solasonine treatment, suggesting that solasonine induces apoptosis. Besides, solasonine exhibited its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting P38 MAPK. This was supported by the decline in protein levels of IL-1β and TNF-α, as well as the phosphorylated forms of JNK and P38 MAPK. The results from the molecular docking and dynamics simulations further confirmed the potent binding affinity and effective inhibitory action between solasonine and ACHE. Conclusions The findings of the current investigation show that solasonine exerts its pro-apoptosis and anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the expression of ACHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Xin’An Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Boke Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yating Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiabing Tong
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anhui Provincial Department of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zegeng Li
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anhui Provincial Department of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Pei H, Yang J, Li W, Luo X, Xu Y, Sun X, Chen Q, Zhao Q, Hou L, Tan G, Ji D. Solanum nigrum Linn.: Advances in anti-cancer activity and mechanism in digestive system tumors. Med Oncol 2023; 40:311. [PMID: 37775552 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer has currently become a serious public health issue in many countries worldwide, and tumors of the digestive system have attracted an increasing number of researchers' due to their numerous types, high proportion and wide area of occurrence. While tumors of the digestive system suffer from high mortality rates, leading to untimely diagnosis and a poor prognosis, making it necessary to update current treatment approaches such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. This highlights the importance of exploring novel therapeutic ideas and targets. Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of clinical use due to its low toxicity and multi-factor targeting of multiple pathways. As a kind of traditional Chinese herb, S. nigrum Linn. is highly regarded for its proven antitumor activity. The aim of this study was to comprehensively recapitulate and analyze the anti-cancer effects and molecular mechanisms of treatment of gastrointestinal tumors with S. nigrum Linn. extracts and related compounds, including classical signaling pathways mediated by them as well as noncoding RNA pathways associated with tumor suppression. Components that have been found to be responsible for the anti-cancer activity of S. nigrum Linn. include solanine, solasonine, solamargine, a-L-rhhamnopyranose, uttroside B, degalactotigonin, glycoprotein, and other compounds. The underlying mechanisms of anti-cancer activity reflected in this study include apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, anti-angiogenesis, suppression of metastasis and invasion, immune escape, and increased sensitivity to radiotherapy. S. nigrum Linn. has great potential in the treatment of tumors of the digestive system, and through further clinical trials and pharmacological mechanisms it has the potential to become a uniform and standardized anti-tumor drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Pei
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xing Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xueying Sun
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Li Hou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Gang Tan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Daolin Ji
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China.
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Abhijith B, Raveena NK, Reshma MV, Lankalapalli RS. Artifacts from the methanolic extract of Solanum nigrum Linn. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-5. [PMID: 37408490 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2232931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Two new lactones, γ-butyrolactone and δ-valerolactone were isolated from the methanolic extract of Solanum nigrum. Structure elucidation was carried out by exhaustive 2D NMR analysis. The structures of the lactones depict the outcome of their isolation as a situation that involve the formation of artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balan Abhijith
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Natakkakath Kaliyathan Raveena
- Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - M V Reshma
- Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ravi S Lankalapalli
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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7
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Devan AR, Nair B, Nath L. Translational Phytomedicines against Cancer: Promise and Hurdles. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:210-215. [PMID: 37342376 PMCID: PMC10278225 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lekshmi.R. Nath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala, India
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Swetha M, Keerthana CK, Rayginia TP, Nath LR, Haritha NH, Shabna A, Kalimuthu K, Thangarasu AK, Aiswarya SU, Jannet S, Pillai S, Harikumar KB, Sundaram S, Anto NP, Wu DH, Lankalapalli RS, Towner R, Isakov N, Deepa SS, Anto RJ. Augmented Efficacy of Uttroside B over Sorafenib in a Murine Model of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050636. [PMID: 35631464 PMCID: PMC9143354 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported the remarkable potency of uttroside B (Utt-B), saponin-isolated and characterized in our lab from Solanum nigrum Linn, against HCC. Recently, the U.S. FDA approved Utt-B as an ‘orphan drug’ against HCC. The current study validates the superior anti-HCC efficacy of Utt-B over sorafenib, the first-line treatment option against HCC. The therapeutic efficacies of Utt-B vs. sorafenib against HCC were compared in vitro, using various liver cancer cell lines and in vivo, utilizing NOD.CB17-Prkdcscid/J mice bearing human HCC xenografts. Our data indicate that Utt-B holds an augmented anti-HCC efficacy over sorafenib. Our previous report demonstrated the pharmacological safety of Utt-B in Chang Liver, the normal immortalized hepatocytes, and in the acute and chronic toxicity murine models even at elevated Utt-B concentrations. Here, we show that higher concentrations of sorafenib induce severe toxicity, in Chang Liver, as well as in acute and chronic in vivo models, indicating that, apart from the superior therapeutic benefit over sorafenib, Utt-B is a pharmacologically safer molecule, and the drug-induced undesirable effects can, thus, be substantially alleviated in the context of HCC chemotherapy. Clinical studies in HCC patients utilizing Utt-B, is a contiguous key step to promote this drug to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mundanattu Swetha
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India; (M.S.); (C.K.K.); (T.P.R.); (L.R.N.); (N.H.H.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (S.U.A.); (S.J.); (K.B.H.)
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Chenicheri K. Keerthana
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India; (M.S.); (C.K.K.); (T.P.R.); (L.R.N.); (N.H.H.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (S.U.A.); (S.J.); (K.B.H.)
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Tennyson P. Rayginia
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India; (M.S.); (C.K.K.); (T.P.R.); (L.R.N.); (N.H.H.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (S.U.A.); (S.J.); (K.B.H.)
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Lekshmi R. Nath
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India; (M.S.); (C.K.K.); (T.P.R.); (L.R.N.); (N.H.H.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (S.U.A.); (S.J.); (K.B.H.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Nair Hariprasad Haritha
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India; (M.S.); (C.K.K.); (T.P.R.); (L.R.N.); (N.H.H.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (S.U.A.); (S.J.); (K.B.H.)
| | - Anwar Shabna
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India; (M.S.); (C.K.K.); (T.P.R.); (L.R.N.); (N.H.H.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (S.U.A.); (S.J.); (K.B.H.)
| | - Kalishwaralal Kalimuthu
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India; (M.S.); (C.K.K.); (T.P.R.); (L.R.N.); (N.H.H.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (S.U.A.); (S.J.); (K.B.H.)
| | - Arun K. Thangarasu
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India; (A.K.T.); (R.S.L.)
| | - Sreekumar U. Aiswarya
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India; (M.S.); (C.K.K.); (T.P.R.); (L.R.N.); (N.H.H.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (S.U.A.); (S.J.); (K.B.H.)
| | - Somaraj Jannet
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India; (M.S.); (C.K.K.); (T.P.R.); (L.R.N.); (N.H.H.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (S.U.A.); (S.J.); (K.B.H.)
| | - Sreekumar Pillai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 680005, Kerala, India;
| | - Kuzhuvelil B. Harikumar
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India; (M.S.); (C.K.K.); (T.P.R.); (L.R.N.); (N.H.H.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (S.U.A.); (S.J.); (K.B.H.)
| | - Sankar Sundaram
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Kottayam 686008, Kerala, India;
| | - Nikhil Ponnoor Anto
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (N.P.A.); (N.I.)
| | - Dee H. Wu
- Section of Medical Physics, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
- School of Computer Science, Gallogly College of Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 731019, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Gallogly College of Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 731019, USA
| | - Ravi S. Lankalapalli
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India; (A.K.T.); (R.S.L.)
| | - Rheal Towner
- Departments of Pathology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Noah Isakov
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (N.P.A.); (N.I.)
| | - Sathyaseelan S. Deepa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Ruby John Anto
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India; (M.S.); (C.K.K.); (T.P.R.); (L.R.N.); (N.H.H.); (A.S.); (K.K.); (S.U.A.); (S.J.); (K.B.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-471-2529473; Fax: +91-471-2348096
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9
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Kowalczyk T, Merecz-Sadowska A, Rijo P, Mori M, Hatziantoniou S, Górski K, Szemraj J, Piekarski J, Śliwiński T, Bijak M, Sitarek P. Hidden in Plants—A Review of the Anticancer Potential of the Solanaceae Family in In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061455. [PMID: 35326606 PMCID: PMC8946528 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Solanaceae family is one of the most important arable and economic families in the world. In addition, it includes a wide range of valuable active secondary metabolites of species with biological and medical properties. This literature review focuses on the assessment of the anticancer properties of the extracts and pure compounds, and the synergistic effects with chemotherapeutic agents and nanoparticles from various species of the Solanaceae family, as well as their potential molecular mechanisms of action in in vitro and in vivo studies in various types of tumours. Abstract Many of the anticancer agents that are currently in use demonstrate severe side effects and encounter increasing resistance from the target cancer cells. Thus, despite significant advances in cancer therapy in recent decades, there is still a need to discover and develop new, alternative anticancer agents. The plant kingdom contains a range of phytochemicals that play important roles in the prevention and treatment of many diseases. The Solanaceae family is widely used in the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, due to its bioactive ingredient content. The purpose of this literature review is to highlight the antitumour activity of Solanaceae extracts—single isolated compounds and nanoparticles with extracts—and their synergistic effect with chemotherapeutic agents in various in vitro and in vivo cancer models. In addition, the biological properties of many plants of the Solanaceae family have not yet been investigated, which represents a challenge and an opportunity for future anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Computer Science in Economics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Patricia Rijo
- CBIOS—Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal;
- iMed.ULisboa—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mattia Mori
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Sophia Hatziantoniou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Karol Górski
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Janusz Piekarski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University in Lodz, Nicolaus Copernicus Multidisciplinary Centre for Oncology and Traumatology, 93-513 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Michał Bijak
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
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10
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Nath LR, Swetha M, Vijayakurup V, Thangarasu AK, Haritha NH, Shabna A, Aiswarya SU, Rayginia TP, Keerthana CK, Kalimuthu K, Sundaram S, Lankalapalli RS, Pillai S, Towner R, Isakov N, Anto RJ. Blockade of Uttroside B-Induced Autophagic Pro-Survival Signals Augments Its Chemotherapeutic Efficacy Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:812598. [PMID: 35211405 PMCID: PMC8861526 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.812598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study has demonstrated that Uttroside B (Utt-B), a saponin isolated from the leaves of Solanum nigrum Linn induces apoptosis in hepatic cancer cells and exhibits a remarkable growth inhibition of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Our innovation has been granted a patent from the US (US 2019/0160088A1), Canada (3,026,426.), Japan (JP2019520425) and South Korea (KR1020190008323) and the technology have been transferred commercially to Q Biomed, a leading US-based Biotech company. Recently, the compound received approval as 'Orphan Drug' against HCC from US FDA, which reveals the clinical relevance of evaluating its antitumor efficacy against HCC. In the present study, we report that Utt-B promotes pro-survival autophagy in hepatic cancer cells as evidenced by the increased expression of autophagy-related proteins, including LC3-II, Beclin1, ATG 5, and ATG 7, as well as a rise in the autophagic flux. Hence, we investigated whether Utt-B-induced autophagic response is complementing or contradicting its apoptotic program in HCC. Inhibition of autophagy using the pharmacological inhibitors, Bafilomycin A1(Baf A1), and 3-methyl adenine (3-MA), and the biological inhibitor, Beclin1 siRNA, significantly enhances the apoptosis of hepatic cancer cells and hence the cytotoxicity induced by Utt-B. We also found increased expression of autophagy markers in Utt-B-treated xenografts derived from HCC. We further analyzed whether the antimalarial drug, Chloroquine (Cqn), a well-known autophagy inhibitor, can enhance the anticancer effect of Utt-B against HCC. We found that inhibition of autophagy using Cqn significantly enhances the antitumor efficacy of Utt-B in vitro and in vivo, in NOD SCID mice bearing HCC xenografts. Taken together, our results suggest that the antitumor effect of Utt-B against HCC can be further enhanced by blocking autophagy. Furthermore, Utt-B in combination with Cqn, a clinically approved drug, if repurposed and used in a combinatorial regimen with Utt-B, can further improve the therapeutic efficacy of Utt-B against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekshmi R. Nath
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Mundanattu Swetha
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Vinod Vijayakurup
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Arun Kumar Thangarasu
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Nair Hariprasad Haritha
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Anwar Shabna
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Sreekumar U. Aiswarya
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Calicut, Malappuram, India
| | - Tennyson P. Rayginia
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - C. K. Keerthana
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Kalishwaralal Kalimuthu
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Sankar Sundaram
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Kottayam, India
| | - Ravi Shankar Lankalapalli
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sreekumar Pillai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, India
| | - Rheal Towner
- Department of Pathology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Noah Isakov
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ruby John Anto
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- *Correspondence: Ruby John Anto,
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11
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Joshi BC, Juyal V, Sah AN, Verma P, Mukhija M. Review On Documented Medicinal Plants Used For The Treatment Of Cancer. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083807666211011125110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a frightful disease and it is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Naturally derived compounds are gaining interest of research workers as they have less toxic side effects as compared to currently used treatments such as chemotherapy. Plants are the pool of chemical compounds which provides a promising future for research on cancer.
Objective:
This review paper provides updated information gathered on medicinal plants and isolated phytoconstituents used as anticancer agents and summarises the plant extracts and their isolated chemical constituents exhibiting anticancer potential on clinical trials.
Methods:
An extensive bibliographic investigation was carried out by analysing worldwide established scientific databases like SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO, ScienceDirect, Springerlink, Web of Science, Wiley, SciFinder and Google Scholar etc. In next few decades, herbal medicine may become a new epoch of medical system.
Results:
Many researches are going on medicinal plants for the treatment of cancer but it is a time to increase further experimental studies on plant extracts and their chemical constituents to find out their mechanism of action at molecular level.
Conclusion:
The article may help many researchers to start off further experimentation that might lead to the drugs for the cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuwan Chandra Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Vijay Juyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Archana N. Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Piyush Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical science and Technology, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun-248001, India
| | - Minky Mukhija
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ch. Devi Lal College of Pharmacy, Buria Road, Bhagwangarh, Jagadhri-135003, India
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12
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Traditional Chinese medicine for prevention and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: A focus on epithelial-mesenchymal transition. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2021; 19:469-477. [PMID: 34538644 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignant cancers worldwide. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which endows epithelial cells with mesenchymal properties, plays an important role in the early stages of metastasis. Conventional cancer therapies have promising effects, but issues remain, such as high rates of metastasis and drug resistance. Thus, exploring and evaluating new therapies is an urgent need. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been acknowledged for their multi-target and coordinated intervention effects against HCC. Accumulating evidence indicates that TCM can inhibit the malignancy of cells and the progression of EMT in HCC. However, studies on the effects of TCM on EMT in HCC are scarce. In this review, we summarized recent developments in anti-EMT TCMs and formulae, focusing on their underlying pharmacological mechanisms, to provide a foundation for further research on the exact mechanisms through which TCM affects EMT in HCC.
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13
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Structure, Bioactivity and Analytical Methods for the Determination of Yucca Saponins. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175251. [PMID: 34500685 PMCID: PMC8433717 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Yucca is one of the main sources of steroidal saponins, hence different extracts are commercialized for use as surfactant additives by beverage, animal feed, cosmetics or agricultural products. For a deeper understanding of the potential of the saponins that can be found in this genus, an exhaustive review of the structural characteristics, bioactivities and analytical methods that can be used with these compounds has been carried out, since there are no recent reviews on the matter. Thus, a total of 108 saponins from eight species of the genus Yucca have been described. Out of these, the bioactivity of 68 saponins derived from the isolation of Yucca or other genera has been evaluated. Regarding the evaluation and quality control of the saponins from this genus LC-MS technique is the most often used. Nevertheless, the development of methods for their routine analysis in commercial preparations are needed. Moreover, most of the studies found in the literature have been carried out on Y. schidigera extract, since is the most often used for commercial purposes. Only eight of the 50 species that belong to this genus have been studied, which clearly indicates that the identification of saponins present in Yucca genus is still an unresolved question.
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14
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Dong Y, Hao L, Fang K, Han XX, Yu H, Zhang JJ, Cai LJ, Fan T, Zhang WD, Pang K, Ma WM, Wang XT, Han CH. A network pharmacology perspective for deciphering potential mechanisms of action of Solanum nigrum L. in bladder cancer. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:45. [PMID: 33494738 PMCID: PMC7836472 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03215-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solanum nigrum L. decoction has been used as a folklore medicine in China to prevent the postoperative recurrence of bladder cancer (BC). However, there are no previous pharmacological studies on the protective mechanisms of this activity of the plant. Thus, this study aimed to perform a systematic analysis and to predict the potential action mechanisms underlying S. nigrum activity in BC based on network pharmacology. METHODS Based on network pharmacology, the active ingredients of S. nigrum and the corresponding targets were identified using the Traditional Chinese Medicines for Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform database, and BC-related genes were screened using GeneCards and the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database. In addition, ingredient-target (I-T) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed using STRING and Cytoscape, Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted, and then the pathways directly related to BC were integrated manually to reveal the pharmacological mechanism underlying S. nigrum-medicated therapeutic effects in BC. RESULTS Seven active herbal ingredients from 39 components of S. nigrum were identified, which shared 77 common target genes related to BC. I-T network analysis revealed that quercetin was associated with all targets and that NCOA2 was targeted by four ingredients. Besides, interleukin 6 had the highest degree value in the PPI network, indicating a hub role. A subsequent gene enrichment analysis yielded 86 significant GO terms and 89 significant pathways, implying that S. nigrum had therapeutic benefits in BC through multi-pathway effects, including the HIF-1, TNF, P53, MAPK, PI3K/Akt, apoptosis and bladder cancer pathway. CONCLUSIONS S. nigrum may mediate pharmacological effects in BC through multi-target and various signaling pathways. Further validation is required experimentally. Network pharmacology approach provides a predicative novel strategy to reveal the holistic mechanism of action of herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Dong
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lin Hao
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kun Fang
- Xuzhou Clinical Medical College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Han
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum-Tower Hospital Group, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Long-Jun Cai
- Department of Urology, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum-Tower Hospital Group, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Tao Fan
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wen-da Zhang
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kun Pang
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei-Ming Ma
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xi-Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China
| | - Cong-Hui Han
- Department of Urology, XuZhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiefang South Road, No. 199, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, China. .,Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China. .,Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.
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15
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Nair B, Anto RJ, M S, Nath LR. Kaempferol-Mediated Sensitization Enhances Chemotherapeutic Efficacy of Sorafenib Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An In Silico and In Vitro Approach. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 10:472-476. [PMID: 32665908 PMCID: PMC7335979 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2020.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Sorafenib is the sole FDA approved drug conventionally used for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite of the beneficial use of sorafenib in the treatment of HCC, multidrug resistance still remains a challenge. HCC is inherently known as chemotherapy resistant tumor due to P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated multidrug resistance. Methods: We studied the interaction energy of kaempferol with human multidrug resistance protein-1 (RCSB PDB ID: 2CBZ) using in silico method with the help of BIOVIA Discovery Studio. HepG2 and N1S1 liver cancer cell lines were treated in suitable cell culture media to evaluate the efficacy of kaempferol in chemo-sensitizing liver cancer cells towards the effect of sorafenib. Cell viability study was performed by MTT assay. Results: In silico analysis of kaempferol showed best docking score of 23.14 with Human Multi Drug Resistant Protein-1 (RCSB PDB ID: 2CBZ) compared with positive control verapamil. Inin-vitro condition, combination of sub-toxic concentrations of both kaempferol and sorafenib produced 50% cytotoxicity with concentration of 2.5 µM each which indicates that kaempferol has the ability to reverse the MDR by decreasing the over-expression of P-gp. Conclusion: Kaempferol is able to sensitize the HepG2 and N1S1 against the sub-toxic concentration of sorafenib. Hence, we consider that the efficacy of sorafenib chemotherapy can be enhanced by the significant approach of combining the sub-toxic concentrations of sorafenib with kaempferol. Thus, kaempferol can be used as a better candidate molecule along with sorafenib for enhancing its efficacy, if validated through preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyalakshmi Nair
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara P.O., Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
| | - Ruby John Anto
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology, Thycaud, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala- 695014, India. Introduction
| | - Sabitha M
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara P.O., Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
| | - Lekshmi R. Nath
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara P.O., Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
- Corresponding Author: Lekshmi R. Nath,
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16
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Ahmad R. Steroidal glycoalkaloids from Solanum nigrum target cytoskeletal proteins: an in silico analysis. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6012. [PMID: 30627484 PMCID: PMC6321755 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Solanum nigrum (black nightshade; S. nigrum), a member of family Solanaceae, has been endowed with a heterogeneous array of secondary metabolites of which the steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) and steroidal saponins (SS) have vast potential to serve as anticancer agents. Since there has been much controversy regarding safety of use of glycoalkaloids as anticancer agents, this area has remained more or less unexplored. Cytoskeletal proteins like actin play an important role in maintaining cell shape, synchronizing cell division, cell motility, etc. and along with their accessory proteins may also serve as important therapeutic targets for potential anticancer candidates. In the present study, glycoalkaloids and saponins from S. nigrum were screened for their interaction and binding affinity to cytoskeletal proteins, using molecular docking. Methods Bioactivity score and Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) analysis were performed using softwares Molinspiration and Osiris Data Explorer respectively, to assess the feasibility of selected phytoconstituents as potential drug candidates. The results were compared with two standard reference drugs doxorubicin hydrochloride (anticancer) and tetracycline (antibiotic). Multivariate data obtained were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). Results Docking analysis revealed that the binding affinities of the phytoconstituents towards the target cytoskeletal proteins decreased in the order coronin>villin>ezrin>vimentin>gelsolin>thymosin>cofilin. Glycoalkaloid solasonine displayed the greatest binding affinity towards the target proteins followed by alpha-solanine whereas amongst the saponins, nigrumnin-I showed maximum binding affinity. PASS Analysis of the selected phytoconstituents revealed 1 to 3 violations of Lipinski’s parameters indicating the need for modification of their structure-activity relationship (SAR) for improvement of their bioactivity and bioavailability. Glycoalkaloids and saponins all had bioactivity scores between −5.0 and 0.0 with respect to various receptor proteins and target enzymes. Solanidine, solasodine and solamargine had positive values of druglikeness which indicated that these compounds have the potential for development into future anticancer drugs. Toxicity potential evaluation revealed that glycoalkaloids and saponins had no toxicity, tumorigenicity or irritant effect(s). SAR analysis revealed that the number, type and location of sugar or the substitution of hydroxyl group on alkaloid backbone had an effect on the activity and that the presence of α-L-rhamnopyranose sugar at C-2 was critical for a compound to exhibit anticancer activity. Conclusion The present study revealed some cytoskeletal target(s) for S. nigrum phytoconstituents by docking analysis that have not been previously reported and thus warrant further investigations both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumana Ahmad
- Department of Biochemisty, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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17
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Bonam SR, Wu YS, Tunki L, Chellian R, Halmuthur MSK, Muller S, Pandy V. What Has Come out from Phytomedicines and Herbal Edibles for the Treatment of Cancer? ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1854-1872. [PMID: 29927521 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Several modern treatment strategies have been adopted to combat cancer with the aim of minimizing toxicity. Medicinal plant-based compounds with the potential to treat cancer have been widely studied in preclinical research and have elicited many innovations in cutting-edge clinical research. In parallel, researchers have eagerly tried to decrease the toxicity of current chemotherapeutic agents either by combining them with herbals or in using herbals alone. The aim of this article is to present an update of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds, or mere changes in the bioactive compounds, along with herbal edibles, which display efficacy against diverse cancer cells and in anticancer therapy. It describes the basic mechanism(s) of action of phytochemicals used either alone or in combination therapy with other phytochemicals or herbal edibles. This review also highlights the remarkable synergistic effects that arise between certain herbals and chemotherapeutic agents used in oncology. The anticancer phytochemicals used in clinical research are also described; furthermore, we discuss our own experience related to semisynthetic derivatives, which are developed based on phytochemicals. Overall, this compilation is intended to facilitate research and development projects on phytopharmaceuticals for successful anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- UMR 7242 CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, University of Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Illkirch, 67400, France.,Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lakshmi Tunki
- Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Ranjithkumar Chellian
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahabalarao Sampath Kumar Halmuthur
- Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Sylviane Muller
- UMR 7242 CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, University of Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Illkirch, 67400, France.,University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Vijayapandi Pandy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacology, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lam, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522034, India
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Butt G, Romero MA, Tahir F, Farooqi AA. Emerging themes of regulation of oncogenic proteins by Solanum nigrum and its bioactive molecules in different cancers. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9640-9644. [PMID: 30076759 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Research over the decades has sequentially and systematically provided a near-complete resolution of multifaceted and therapeutically challenging nature of cancer. Drug discovery from plants has enjoyed a renaissance in the past few years. Natural products have provided many of the lead structures, which are currently being used as templates for the design and synthesis of novel compounds with biologically enhanced properties. With the maturity and diversification of technologies, there is a growing need to design high-throughput functional assays for the evaluation of the myriad of compounds being catalogued. This review sheds light on the tumor suppressive properties of Solanum nigrum and its bioactive ingredients. Several worthy of mention include uttroside B, solanine, solamargine, and physalins, which have been tested for efficacy in cancer cell lines and xenografted mice. We have summarized the most recent findings related to S. nigrum-mediated regulation of intracellular protein network in different cancers. α-Solanine, an active component of S. nigrum, is involved in the regulation of microRNA-21 (miRNA-21) (oncogenic) and miRNA-138 (tumor suppressor) in prostate cancer. However, this is the only available evidence that gives us a clue related to the tumor suppressive effects exerted by components of S. nigrum at a posttranscriptional level. More interestingly, S. nigrum and its components exerted inhibitory effects on different pathways including PI3K/AKT, JAK-STAT, VEGF/VEGFR, and matrix metalloproteinases in different cancers. We also provide an overview of new tools, methodologies, and approaches, which will allow researchers to extract as much information as possible out of the tremendous data sets currently being generated. The use of computational tools will be helpful in processing structurally complex natural products and also in prediction of their macromolecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirna Azalea Romero
- Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Acapulco, Guerrero, México
| | | | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad, Pakistan
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Tom G, Philip S, Isaac R, Praseetha P, Jiji S, Asha V. Preparation of an efficient and safe polymeric-magnetic nanoparticle delivery system for sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma. Life Sci 2018; 206:10-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Alajmi MF, Alam P, Rehman MT, Husain FM, Khan AA, Siddiqui NA, Hussain A, Kalam MA, Parvez MK. Interspecies Anticancer and Antimicrobial Activities of Genus Solanum and Estimation of Rutin by Validated UPLC-PDA Method. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:6040815. [PMID: 30057644 PMCID: PMC6051100 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6040815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Solanaceae is one of the highly diverse plant families of which Solanum is the largest genera (1700 species) containing several pharmacological properties like anticancer and antimicrobial. This motivated us to explore the anticancer (against HepG2, HEK-293, and MCF-7 cells) and antimicrobial (against S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans) properties of S. schimperianum, S. villosum, S. coagulans, S. glabratum, S. incanum, and S. nigrum along with rutin estimation by UPLC-PDA method. Of the studied Solanum extracts, S. nigrum exhibited significant cytotoxic property against HepG2 (IC50: 20.4 μg/mL) and MCF-7 (IC50: 30.1 μg/mL); S. coagulans showed toxicity against HepG2 (IC50: 28.4 μg/mL) and HEK-293 cells (IC50: 25.7 μg/mL) compared to 5-Fluorouracil (standard). Compared to these, extracts of S. coagulans and S. glabratum exhibited relatively high antimicrobial potency (MIC: 0.4-1.6 mg/mL). Nonetheless, all Solanum extracts significantly reduced the biofilm against PAO1-strain. Rutin was detected in all extracts with the highest content (53.79 μg/mg) in S. coagulans that supported its strong antimicrobial and anticancer properties. Molecular docking analysis showing strong binding of rutin with human DNA and proteins (DNA Topoisomerase IIα and E. coli DNA gyrase B) supported the anticancer and antimicrobial activities of Solanum species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fahad Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Perwez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Tabish Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fohad Mabood Husain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasir Ali Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd. Abul Kalam
- Nanomedicine Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Khalid Parvez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Cen Y, Xiao A, Chen X, Liu L. Screening and separation of α-amylase inhibitors from Solanum nigrum
with amylase-functionalized magnetic graphene oxide combined with high-speed counter-current chromatography. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:4780-4787. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Cen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Aiping Xiao
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Changsha China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Liangliang Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Changsha China
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