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García-Beltrán O, Urrutia PJ, Núñez MT. On the Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Multifunctional Compounds for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020214. [PMID: 36829773 PMCID: PMC9952574 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, iron dyshomeostasis, increased oxidative damage and inflammation are pathognomonic features of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative disorders characterized by abnormal iron accumulation. Moreover, the existence of positive feed-back loops between these pathological components, which accelerate, and sometimes make irreversible, the neurodegenerative process, is apparent. At present, the available treatments for PD aim to relieve the symptoms, thus improving quality of life, but no treatments to stop the progression of the disease are available. Recently, the use of multifunctional compounds with the capacity to attack several of the key components of neurodegenerative processes has been proposed as a strategy to slow down the progression of neurodegenerative processes. For the treatment of PD specifically, the necessary properties of new-generation drugs should include mitochondrial destination, the center of iron-reactive oxygen species interaction, iron chelation capacity to decrease iron-mediated oxidative damage, the capacity to quench free radicals to decrease the risk of ferroptotic neuronal death, the capacity to disrupt α-synuclein aggregates and the capacity to decrease inflammatory conditions. Desirable additional characteristics are dopaminergic neurons to lessen unwanted secondary effects during long-term treatment, and the inhibition of the MAO-B and COMPT activities to increase intraneuronal dopamine content. On the basis of the published evidence, in this work, we review the molecular basis underlying the pathological events associated with PD and the clinical trials that have used single-target drugs to stop the progress of the disease. We also review the current information on multifunctional compounds that may be used for the treatment of PD and discuss the chemical characteristics that underlie their functionality. As a projection, some of these compounds or modifications could be used to treat diseases that share common pathology features with PD, such as Friedreich's ataxia, Multiple sclerosis, Huntington disease and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olimpo García-Beltrán
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Carrera 22 Calle 67, Ibagué 730002, Colombia
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, General Gana 1702, Santiago 8370854, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | - Pamela J. Urrutia
- Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebastián, Lota 2465, Santiago 7510157, Chile
| | - Marco T. Núñez
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago 7800024, Chile
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2
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Lang M, Grünewald A, Pramstaller PP, Hicks AA, Pichler I. A genome on shaky ground: exploring the impact of mitochondrial DNA integrity on Parkinson's disease by highlighting the use of cybrid models. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:283. [PMID: 35513611 PMCID: PMC9072496 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play important roles in the regulation of key cellular processes, including energy metabolism, oxidative stress response, and signaling towards cell death or survival, and are distinguished by carrying their own genome (mtDNA). Mitochondrial dysfunction has emerged as a prominent cellular mechanism involved in neurodegeneration, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), a neurodegenerative movement disorder, characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons and the occurrence of proteinaceous Lewy body inclusions. The contribution of mtDNA variants to PD pathogenesis has long been debated and is still not clearly answered. Cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cell models provided evidence for a contribution of mtDNA variants to the PD phenotype. However, conclusive evidence of mtDNA mutations as genetic cause of PD is still lacking. Several models have shown a role of somatic, rather than inherited mtDNA variants in the impairment of mitochondrial function and neurodegeneration. Accordingly, several nuclear genes driving inherited forms of PD are linked to mtDNA quality control mechanisms, and idiopathic as well as familial PD tissues present increased mtDNA damage. In this review, we highlight the use of cybrids in this PD research field and summarize various aspects of how and to what extent mtDNA variants may contribute to the etiology of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lang
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4362, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Irene Pichler
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy.
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3
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van de Wal MAE, Adjobo-Hermans MJW, Keijer J, Schirris TJJ, Homberg JR, Wieckowski MR, Grefte S, van Schothorst EM, van Karnebeek C, Quintana A, Koopman WJH. Ndufs4 knockout mouse models of Leigh syndrome: pathophysiology and intervention. Brain 2022. [PMID: 34849584 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab426%jbrain] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are small cellular constituents that generate cellular energy (ATP) by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Dysfunction of these organelles is linked to a heterogeneous group of multisystemic disorders, including diabetes, cancer, ageing-related pathologies and rare mitochondrial diseases. With respect to the latter, mutations in subunit-encoding genes and assembly factors of the first OXPHOS complex (complex I) induce isolated complex I deficiency and Leigh syndrome. This syndrome is an early-onset, often fatal, encephalopathy with a variable clinical presentation and poor prognosis due to the lack of effective intervention strategies. Mutations in the nuclear DNA-encoded NDUFS4 gene, encoding the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit S4 (NDUFS4) of complex I, induce 'mitochondrial complex I deficiency, nuclear type 1' (MC1DN1) and Leigh syndrome in paediatric patients. A variety of (tissue-specific) Ndufs4 knockout mouse models were developed to study the Leigh syndrome pathomechanism and intervention testing. Here, we review and discuss the role of complex I and NDUFS4 mutations in human mitochondrial disease, and review how the analysis of Ndufs4 knockout mouse models has generated new insights into the MC1ND1/Leigh syndrome pathomechanism and its therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A E van de Wal
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom J J Schirris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith R Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sander Grefte
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Clara van Karnebeek
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Personalized Medicine Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Emma Personalized Medicine Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Quintana
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Laboratory, Institut de Neurociències and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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4
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Fan Y, Han J, Zhao L, Wu C, Wu P, Huang Z, Hao X, Ji Y, Chen D, Zhu M. Experimental Models of Cognitive Impairment for Use in Parkinson's Disease Research: The Distance Between Reality and Ideal. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:745438. [PMID: 34912207 PMCID: PMC8667076 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.745438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Cognitive impairment is one of the key non-motor symptoms of PD, affecting both mortality and quality of life. However, there are few experimental studies on the pathology and treatments of PD with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and PD dementia (PDD) due to the lack of representative models. To identify new strategies for developing representative models, we systematically summarized previous studies on PD-MCI and PDD and compared differences between existing models and diseases. Our initial search identified 5432 articles, of which 738 were duplicates. A total of 227 articles met our inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Models fell into three categories based on model design: neurotoxin-induced, transgenic, and combined. Although the neurotoxin-induced experimental model was the most common type that was used during every time period, transgenic and combined experimental models have gained significant recent attention. Unfortunately, there remains a big gap between ideal and actual experimental models. While each model has its own disadvantages, there have been tremendous advances in the development of PD models of cognitive impairment, and almost every model can verify a hypothesis about PD-MCI or PDD. Finally, our proposed strategies for developing novel models are as follows: a set of plans that integrate symptoms, biochemistry, neuroimaging, and other objective indicators to judge and identify that the novel model plays a key role in new strategies for developing representative models; novel models should simulate different clinical features of PD-MCI or PDD; inducible α-Syn overexpression and SH-SY5Y-A53T cellular models are good candidate models of PD-MCI or PDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohua Fan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiajun Han
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunxiao Wu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Wu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zifeng Huang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoqian Hao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - YiChun Ji
- Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiling Zhu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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5
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van de Wal M, Adjobo-Hermans M, Keijer J, Schirris T, Homberg J, Wieckowski MR, Grefte S, van Schothorst EM, van Karnebeek C, Quintana A, Koopman WJH. Ndufs4 knockout mouse models of Leigh syndrome: pathophysiology and intervention. Brain 2021; 145:45-63. [PMID: 34849584 PMCID: PMC8967107 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are small cellular constituents that generate cellular energy (ATP) by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Dysfunction of these organelles is linked to a heterogeneous group of multisystemic disorders, including diabetes, cancer, ageing-related pathologies and rare mitochondrial diseases. With respect to the latter, mutations in subunit-encoding genes and assembly factors of the first OXPHOS complex (complex I) induce isolated complex I deficiency and Leigh syndrome. This syndrome is an early-onset, often fatal, encephalopathy with a variable clinical presentation and poor prognosis due to the lack of effective intervention strategies. Mutations in the nuclear DNA-encoded NDUFS4 gene, encoding the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit S4 (NDUFS4) of complex I, induce ‘mitochondrial complex I deficiency, nuclear type 1’ (MC1DN1) and Leigh syndrome in paediatric patients. A variety of (tissue-specific) Ndufs4 knockout mouse models were developed to study the Leigh syndrome pathomechanism and intervention testing. Here, we review and discuss the role of complex I and NDUFS4 mutations in human mitochondrial disease, and review how the analysis of Ndufs4 knockout mouse models has generated new insights into the MC1ND1/Leigh syndrome pathomechanism and its therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa van de Wal
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Merel Adjobo-Hermans
- Department of Biochemistry (286), RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Schirris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sander Grefte
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Clara van Karnebeek
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Quintana
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Laboratory, Institut de Neurociències and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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6
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Ranku MN, Uwaya GE, Fayemi OE. Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine at Fe 3O 4/SPEEK Modified Electrode. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175357. [PMID: 34500789 PMCID: PMC8434613 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Reported here is the design of an electrochemical sensor for dopamine (DA) based on a screen print carbon electrode modified with a sulphonated polyether ether ketone-iron (III) oxide composite (SPCE-Fe3O4/SPEEK). L. serica leaf extract was used in the synthesis of iron (III) oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4NPs). Successful synthesis of Fe3O4NP was confirmed through characterization using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible light (UV–VIS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to investigate the electrochemical behaviour of Fe3O4/SPEEK in 0.1 M of phosphate buffer solution (PBS) containing 5 mM of potassium ferricyanide (III) solution (K3[Fe(CN)6]). An increase in peak current was observed at the nanocomposite modified electrode SPCE-Fe3O4/SPEEK) but not SPCE and SPCE-Fe3O4, which could be ascribed to the presence of SPEEK. CV and square wave voltammetry (SWV) were employed in the electroxidation of dopamine (0.1 mM DA). The detection limit (LoD) of 7.1 μM and 0.005 μA/μM sensitivity was obtained for DA at the SPCE-Fe3O4/SPEEK electrode with concentrations ranging from 5–50 μM. LOD competes well with other electrodes reported in the literature. The developed sensor demonstrated good practical applicability for DA in a DA injection with good resultant recovery percentages and RSDs values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mogomotsi N. Ranku
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa; (M.N.R.); (G.E.U.)
- Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Gloria E. Uwaya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa; (M.N.R.); (G.E.U.)
- Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Omolola E. Fayemi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa; (M.N.R.); (G.E.U.)
- Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
- Correspondence:
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7
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Shil SK, Kagawa Y, Umaru BA, Nanto-Hara F, Miyazaki H, Yamamoto Y, Kobayashi S, Suzuki C, Abe T, Owada Y. Ndufs4 ablation decreases synaptophysin expression in hippocampus. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10969. [PMID: 34040028 PMCID: PMC8155116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90127-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered function of mitochondrial respiratory chain in brain cells is related to many neurodegenerative diseases. NADH Dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 4 (Ndufs4) is one of the subunits of mitochondrial complex I and its mutation in human is associated with Leigh syndrome. However, the molecular biological role of Ndufs4 in neuronal function is poorly understood. In this study, upon Ndufs4 expression confirmation in NeuN-positive neurons, and GFAP-positive astrocytes in WT mouse hippocampus, we found significant decrease of mitochondrial respiration in Ndufs4-KO mouse hippocampus. Although there was no change in the number of NeuN positive neurons in Ndufs4-KO hippocampus, the expression of synaptophysin, a presynaptic protein, was significantly decreased. To investigate the detailed mechanism, we silenced Ndufs4 in Neuro-2a cells and we observed shorter neurite lengths with decreased expression of synaptophysin. Furthermore, western blot analysis for phosphorylated extracellular regulated kinase (pERK) revealed that Ndufs4 silencing decreases the activity of ERK signalling. These results suggest that Ndufs4-modulated mitochondrial activity may be involved in neuroplasticity via regulating synaptophysin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Kumar Shil
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Kagawa
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Banlanjo Abdulaziz Umaru
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Fumika Nanto-Hara
- Division of Animal Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0901, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Miyazaki
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yui Yamamoto
- Department of Anatomy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, 981-0905, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kobayashi
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Chitose Suzuki
- Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yuji Owada
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
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Subrahmanian N, LaVoie MJ. Is there a special relationship between complex I activity and nigral neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease? A critical reappraisal. Brain Res 2021; 1767:147434. [PMID: 33745923 PMCID: PMC9520341 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease manifesting both motor and non-motor symptoms. The motor features are generally ascribed to the selective loss of dopamine neurons within the substantia nigra pars compacta. While the precise etiology of PD remains elusive, multiple genetic and environmental elements have emerged as contributing factors. The discovery of MPTP-induced parkinsonism directed intense inquiry towards mitochondrial pathways, with a specific focus on mitochondrial complex I. Consisting of more than 40 subunits, complex I is the first enzyme of the electron transport chain that is required for mitochondrial ATP production. In this review, we present a critical analysis of studies assessing the prevalence and specificity of mitochondrial complex I deficiency in PD. In addition, we take the novel view of incorporating the features of genetically-defined bona fide complex I disorders and the prevalence of nigral involvement in such cases. Through this innovative bi-directional view, we consider both complex I changes in a disease of the substantia nigra and nigral changes in diseases of complex I. We assess the strength of association between nigral cell loss and complex I deficits, as well as the oft under-appreciated heterogeneity of complex I deficiency disorders and the variability of the PD data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitya Subrahmanian
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Matthew J LaVoie
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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9
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Wang C, Wan H, Li M, Zhang C. Celastrol attenuates ischemia/reperfusion-mediated memory dysfunction by downregulating AK005401/MAP3K12. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 82:153441. [PMID: 33387968 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress induces mitochondrial dysfunction, causing memory loss. Long noncoding RNAs influence mitochondrial function and suppress oxidative stress by regulating target protein expression and gene transcription. Celastrol, a natural antioxidant extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. ("Thunder of God Vine"), effectively alleviates oxidative stress-mediated tissue injury. In the present study, we examined the effects of celastrol on memory dysfunction induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and elucidated the mechanisms underlying these effects. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were used to mimic I/R using the bilateral common carotid clip reperfusion method, and a hippocampal cell line (HT-22) cells were used to establish a model of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). We observed changes in behavior and mitochondrial structure. Cell activity, cell respiration, and antioxidant capacity were measured. MAP3K12, p-JNK, p-c-Jun, p-Akt/Akt, PI3K, Bcl-2, and Bax expression were evaluated. RESULTS I/R or OGD/R significantly increased AK005401 and MAP3K12 expression, further attenuating PI3K/Akt activation, promoting reactive oxygen species generation and causing mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis, thereby resulting in memory dysfunction. Celastrol increased antioxidant capacity, inhibited cell apoptosis, and improved mitochondrial function, effectively improving learning and memory by downregulating AK005401 and MAP3K12 and activating PI3K/Akt. CONCLUSIONS The AK005401/MAP3K12 signaling pathway has an important role in I/R-mediated hippocampal injury, and celastrol can potentially reduce or possibly prevent I/R-induced neuronal injury by downregulating AK005401/MAP3K12 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyun Wang
- Basic Medical School, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, P. R. China.
| | - Hongzhi Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Miao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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10
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Oyewole AL, Akinola O, Owoyele BV. Plasmodium berghei-induced malaria decreases pain sensitivity in mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 88:e1-e18. [PMID: 33567845 PMCID: PMC7876989 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Various types of pain were reported by people with Plasmodium falciparum and were mostly attributed to a symptom of malarial infection. Neural processes of pain sensation during malarial infection and their contributions to malaria-related death are poorly understood. Thus, these form the focus of this study. Swiss mice used for this study were randomly divided into two groups. Animals in the first group (Pb-infected group) were inoculated with Plasmodium berghei to induce malaria whilst the other group (intact group) was not infected. Formalin test was used to assess pain sensitivity in both groups and using various antagonists, the possible mechanism for deviation in pain sensitivity was probed. Also, plasma and brain samples collected from animals in both groups were subjected to biochemical and/or histological studies. The results showed that Pb-infected mice exhibited diminished pain-related behaviours to noxious chemical. The observed parasite-induced analgesia appeared to be synergistically mediated via µ-opioid, α2 and 5HT2A receptors. When varied drugs capable of decreasing pain threshold (pro-nociceptive drugs) were used, the survival rate was not significantly different in the Pb-infected mice. This showed little or no contribution of the pain processing system to malaria-related death. Also, using an anti-CD68 antibody, there was no immunopositive cell in the brain to attribute the observed effects to cerebral malaria. Although in the haematoxylin and eosin-stained tissues, there were mild morphological changes in the motor and anterior cingulate cortices. In conclusion, the pain symptom was remarkably decreased in the animal model for malaria, and thus, the model may not be appropriate for investigating malaria-linked pain as reported in humans. This is the first report showing that at a critical point, the malaria parasite caused pain-relieving effects in Swiss mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboyeji L Oyewole
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience and Inflammation Unit, College of Health Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; and, Bioresearch Hub Laboratory, Ilorin.
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11
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Thorsen AS, Khamis D, Kemp R, Colombé M, Lourenço FC, Morrissey E, Winton D. Heterogeneity in clone dynamics within and adjacent to intestinal tumours identified by Dre-mediated lineage tracing. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm046706. [PMID: 33093165 PMCID: PMC7823168 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.046706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic models of tissue pathology commonly use induction of gene-specific mutations in mice mediated by spatiotemporal regulation of Cre recombinase. Subsequent investigation of the onset and development of disease can be limited by the inability to track changing cellular behaviours over time. Here, a lineage-tracing approach based on ligand-dependent activation of Dre recombinase that can be employed independently of Cre is described. The clonal biology of the intestinal epithelium following Cre-mediated stabilisation of β-catenin reveals that, within tumours, many new clones rapidly become extinct. Surviving clones show accelerated population of tumour glands compared to normal intestinal crypts but in a non-uniform manner, indicating that intra-tumour glands follow heterogeneous dynamics. In tumour-adjacent epithelia, clone sizes are smaller than in the background epithelia, as a whole. This suggests a zone of ∼seven crypt diameters within which clone expansion is inhibited by tumours and that may facilitate their growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Sofie Thorsen
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Doran Khamis
- University of Oxford, Center for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Richard Kemp
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Mathilde Colombé
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Filipe C. Lourenço
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Edward Morrissey
- University of Oxford, Center for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Douglas Winton
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
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12
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Oyewole AL, Akinola O, Owoyele BV. Plasmodium berghei-induced malaria decreases pain sensitivity in mice. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 2020. [DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v87i1.1871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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13
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Fazeli S, Motovali-Bashi M, Peymani M, Hashemi MS, Etemadifar M, Nasr-Esfahani MH, Ghaedi K. A compound downregulation of SRRM2 and miR-27a-3p with upregulation of miR-27b-3p in PBMCs of Parkinson's patients is associated with the early stage onset of disease. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240855. [PMID: 33171483 PMCID: PMC7654768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is diagnosed when motor symptoms emerges, which almost 70% of dopamine neurons are lost. Therefore, early diagnosis of PD is crucial to prevent the progress of disease. Blood-based biomarkers, which are minimally invasive, potentially used for diagnosis of PD, including miRNAs. The aim of this study was to assess whether SRRM2 and miR-27a/b-3p could act as early diagnostic biomarkers for PD. Total RNAs from PBMCs of 30 PD’s patients and 14 healthy age and gender matched subjects was extracted. The expression levels of respective genes were assessed. Data were presented applying a two-tailed unpaired t-test and one-way ANOVA. We observed significant down-regulation of SRRM2 (p = 0.0002) and miR-27a-3p (p = 0.0001), and up-regulation of miR-27b-3p (p = 0.02) in PBMCs of Parkinson's patients. Down-regulation of miR-27a-3p is associated with increasing disease severity, whereas the up-regulation of miR-27b-3p was observed mostly at HY-1 and disease duration between 3–5 years. There was a negative correlation between SRRM2 and miR-27b-3p expressions, and miR-27a-3p positively was correlated with miR-27b-3p. Based on functional enrichment analysis, SRRM2 and miR-27a/b-3p acted on common functional pathways. miR-27a/b-3p could potentially predict the progression and severity of PD. Although both miRs had no similarity on expression, a positive correlation between both miRs was identified, supporting their potential role as biomarkers in clinical PD stages. Of note that SRRM2 and miR-27a-3p were able to distinguish PD patients from healthy individuals. Functional analysis of the similarity between genes associated with SRRM2 and miR-27a/b-3p indicates common functional pathways and their dysfunction correlates with molecular etiopathology mechanisms of PD onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudabeh Fazeli
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Majid Motovali-Bashi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
- * E-mail: (MMB); , (KG); (MP)
| | - Maryam Peymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
- * E-mail: (MMB); , (KG); (MP)
| | - Motahare-Sadat Hashemi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoud Etemadifar
- Department of Neurology and Isfahan Neurosurgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
- * E-mail: (MMB); , (KG); (MP)
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14
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Zampese E, Surmeier DJ. Calcium, Bioenergetics, and Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092045. [PMID: 32911641 PMCID: PMC7564460 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Degeneration of substantia nigra (SN) dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons is responsible for the core motor deficits of Parkinson’s disease (PD). These neurons are autonomous pacemakers that have large cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations that have been linked to basal mitochondrial oxidant stress and turnover. This review explores the origin of Ca2+ oscillations and their role in the control of mitochondrial respiration, bioenergetics, and mitochondrial oxidant stress.
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15
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JBPOS0101 attenuates amyloid-β accumulation and memory loss in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neuroreport 2020; 30:741-747. [PMID: 31095107 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain. Defects in Aβ clearance or the interference of Aβ homeostasis could result in Aβ aggregation. JBPOS0101 has been studied for its antiepileptic activity. It showed a neuroprotective effect and prevented memory deficits in lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus rats. In this study, we tested the effect of JBPOS0101 in an AD model. We showed that JBPOS0101 attenuated the accumulation of Aβ in 5XFAD mouse brains. Moreover, the treatment of JBPOS0101 rescued the deficits in learning and memory in 5XFAD mice. These data suggest that JBPOS0101 could be a potential therapeutic drug candidate for AD.
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16
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VHL-1 inactivation and mitochondrial antioxidants rescue C. elegans dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Protein Cell 2020; 10:610-614. [PMID: 30945137 PMCID: PMC6626599 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-019-0621-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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17
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Vasquez V, Mitra J, Wang H, Hegde PM, Rao KS, Hegde ML. A multi-faceted genotoxic network of alpha-synuclein in the nucleus and mitochondria of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease: Emerging concepts and challenges. Prog Neurobiol 2020; 185:101729. [PMID: 31863801 PMCID: PMC7098698 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2019.101729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
α-Synuclein is a hallmark amyloidogenic protein component of the Lewy bodies (LBs) present in dopaminergic neurons affected by Parkinson's disease (PD). Despite an enormous increase in emerging knowledge, the mechanism(s) of α-synuclein neurobiology and crosstalk among pathological events that are critical for PD progression remains enigmatic, creating a roadblock for effective intervention strategies. One confounding question is about the potential link between α-synuclein toxicity and genome instability in PD. We previously reported that pro-oxidant metal ions, together with reactive oxygen species (ROS), act as a "double whammy" in dopaminergic neurons by not only inducing genome damage but also inhibiting their repair. Our recent studies identified a direct role for chromatin-bound, oxidized α-synuclein in the induction of DNA strand breaks, which raised the question of a paradoxical role for α-synuclein's DNA binding in neuroprotection versus neurotoxicity. Furthermore, recent advances in our understanding of α-synuclein mediated mitochondrial dysfunction warrants revisiting the topics of α-synuclein pathophysiology in order to devise and assess the efficacy of α-synuclein-targeted interventions. In this review article, we discuss the multi-faceted neurotoxic role of α-synuclein in the nucleus and mitochondria with a particular emphasis on the role of α-synuclein in DNA damage/repair defects. We utilized a protein-DNA binding simulation to identify potential residues in α-synuclein that could mediate its binding to DNA and may be critical for its genotoxic functions. These emerging insights and paradigms may guide new drug targets and therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velmarini Vasquez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Centre for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología, City of Knowledge, Panama
| | - Joy Mitra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Haibo Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Methodist Neurological Institute, Institute of Academic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Pavana M Hegde
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - K S Rao
- Centre for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología, City of Knowledge, Panama
| | - Muralidhar L Hegde
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Methodist Neurological Institute, Institute of Academic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, 10065, USA.
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18
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An ultra-stable cytoplasmic antibody engineered for in vivo applications. Nat Commun 2020; 11:336. [PMID: 31953402 PMCID: PMC6969036 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13654-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting cytoplasmic protein–protein interactions with antibodies remains technically challenging, since antibodies expressed in the cytosol frequently form insoluble aggregates. Existing engineering methods are based on the notion that the estimated net charge at pH 7.4 affects stability; as such, they are unable to overcome this problem. Herein, we report a versatile method for engineering an ultra-stable cytoplasmic antibody (STAND), with a strong estimated net negative charge at pH 6.6, by fusing peptide tags with a highly negative charge and a low isoelectric point. Without the need for complicated amino acid substitutions, we convert aggregation-prone antibodies to STANDs that are useful for inhibiting in vivo transmitter release, modulating animal behaviour, and inhibiting in vivo cancer proliferation driven by mutated Kras—long recognised as an “undruggable” oncogenic protein. The STAND method shows promise for targeting endogenous cytoplasmic proteins in basic biology and for developing future disease treatments. Antibodies expressed in the cytosol often form insoluble aggregates, which makes it hard to target intracellular proteins. Here the authors engineer an ultra-stable cytoplasmic antibody (STAND) with a low isoelectric point that can be used in vivo.
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19
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Kosillo P, Doig NM, Ahmed KM, Agopyan-Miu AHCW, Wong CD, Conyers L, Threlfell S, Magill PJ, Bateup HS. Tsc1-mTORC1 signaling controls striatal dopamine release and cognitive flexibility. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5426. [PMID: 31780742 PMCID: PMC6882901 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13396-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in TSC1 or TSC2, which encode proteins that negatively regulate mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1). TSC is associated with significant cognitive, psychiatric, and behavioral problems, collectively termed TSC-Associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders (TAND), and the cell types responsible for these manifestations are largely unknown. Here we use cell type-specific Tsc1 deletion to test whether dopamine neurons, which modulate cognitive, motivational, and affective behaviors, are involved in TAND. We show that loss of Tsc1 and constitutive activation of mTORC1 in dopamine neurons causes somatodendritic hypertrophy, reduces intrinsic excitability, alters axon terminal structure, and impairs striatal dopamine release. These perturbations lead to a selective deficit in cognitive flexibility, preventable by genetic reduction of the mTOR-binding protein Raptor. Our results establish a critical role for Tsc1-mTORC1 signaling in setting the functional properties of dopamine neurons, and indicate that dopaminergic dysfunction may contribute to cognitive inflexibility in TSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Kosillo
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Natalie M Doig
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TH, UK
| | - Kamran M Ahmed
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | | | - Corinna D Wong
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Lisa Conyers
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TH, UK
| | - Sarah Threlfell
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Peter J Magill
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TH, UK
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Helen S Bateup
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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20
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Gulinello M, Mitchell HA, Chang Q, Timothy O'Brien W, Zhou Z, Abel T, Wang L, Corbin JG, Veeraragavan S, Samaco RC, Andrews NA, Fagiolini M, Cole TB, Burbacher TM, Crawley JN. Rigor and reproducibility in rodent behavioral research. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 165:106780. [PMID: 29307548 PMCID: PMC6034984 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral neuroscience research incorporates the identical high level of meticulous methodologies and exacting attention to detail as all other scientific disciplines. To achieve maximal rigor and reproducibility of findings, well-trained investigators employ a variety of established best practices. Here we explicate some of the requirements for rigorous experimental design and accurate data analysis in conducting mouse and rat behavioral tests. Novel object recognition is used as an example of a cognitive assay which has been conducted successfully with a range of methods, all based on common principles of appropriate procedures, controls, and statistics. Directors of Rodent Core facilities within Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Centers contribute key aspects of their own novel object recognition protocols, offering insights into essential similarities and less-critical differences. Literature cited in this review article will lead the interested reader to source papers that provide step-by-step protocols which illustrate optimized methods for many standard rodent behavioral assays. Adhering to best practices in behavioral neuroscience will enhance the value of animal models for the multiple goals of understanding biological mechanisms, evaluating consequences of genetic mutations, and discovering efficacious therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gulinello
- IDDRC Behavioral Core Facility, Neuroscience Department, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Heather A Mitchell
- IDD Models Core, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Qiang Chang
- IDD Models Core, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - W Timothy O'Brien
- IDDRC Preclinical Models Core, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhaolan Zhou
- IDDRC Preclinical Models Core, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ted Abel
- IDDRC Preclinical Models Core, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Current affiliation: Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Li Wang
- IDDRC Neurobehavioral Core, Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Joshua G Corbin
- IDDRC Neurobehavioral Core, Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Surabi Veeraragavan
- IDDRC Neurobehavioral Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rodney C Samaco
- IDDRC Neurobehavioral Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nick A Andrews
- IDDRC Neurodevelopmental Behavior Core, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michela Fagiolini
- IDDRC Neurodevelopmental Behavior Core, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Toby B Cole
- IDDRC Rodent Behavior Laboratory, Center on Human Development and Disability, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Thomas M Burbacher
- IDDRC Rodent Behavior Laboratory, Center on Human Development and Disability, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jacqueline N Crawley
- IDDRC Rodent Behavior Core, MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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21
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Bolea I, Gella A, Sanz E, Prada-Dacasa P, Menardy F, Bard AM, Machuca-Márquez P, Eraso-Pichot A, Mòdol-Caballero G, Navarro X, Kalume F, Quintana A. Defined neuronal populations drive fatal phenotype in a mouse model of Leigh syndrome. eLife 2019; 8:47163. [PMID: 31403401 PMCID: PMC6731060 DOI: 10.7554/elife.47163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial deficits in energy production cause untreatable and fatal pathologies known as mitochondrial disease (MD). Central nervous system affectation is critical in Leigh Syndrome (LS), a common MD presentation, leading to motor and respiratory deficits, seizures and premature death. However, only specific neuronal populations are affected. Furthermore, their molecular identity and their contribution to the disease remains unknown. Here, using a mouse model of LS lacking the mitochondrial complex I subunit Ndufs4, we dissect the critical role of genetically-defined neuronal populations in LS progression. Ndufs4 inactivation in Vglut2-expressing glutamatergic neurons leads to decreased neuronal firing, brainstem inflammation, motor and respiratory deficits, and early death. In contrast, Ndufs4 deletion in GABAergic neurons causes basal ganglia inflammation without motor or respiratory involvement, but accompanied by hypothermia and severe epileptic seizures preceding death. These results provide novel insight in the cell type-specific contribution to the pathology, dissecting the underlying cellular mechanisms of MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bolea
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Alejandro Gella
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Elisenda Sanz
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Patricia Prada-Dacasa
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Fabien Menardy
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Angela M Bard
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States
| | | | - Abel Eraso-Pichot
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Guillem Mòdol-Caballero
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Franck Kalume
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Albert Quintana
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
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22
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Avenanthramide-C Restores Impaired Plasticity and Cognition in Alzheimer's Disease Model Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:315-330. [PMID: 31332763 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01707-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive decline and dementia with no effective treatment. Here, we investigated a novel compound from oats named avenanthramide-C (Avn-C), on AD-related memory impairment and behavioral deficits in transgenic mouse models. Acute hippocampal slices of wild-type or AD transgenic mice were treated with Avn-C in the presence or absence of oligomeric Aβ42. LTP analyses and immunoblotting were performed to assess the effect of Avn-C on Aβ-induced memory impairment. To further investigate the effect of Avn-C on impaired memory and Aβ pathology, two different AD transgenic mice (Tg2576 and 5XFAD) models were orally treated with either Avn-C or vehicle for 2 weeks. They were then assessed for the effect of the treatment on neuropathologies and behavioral impairments. Avn-C reversed impaired LTP in both ex vivo- and in vivo-treated AD mice hippocampus. Oral administration (6 mg/kg per day) for 2 weeks in AD mice leads to improved recognition and spatial memory, reduced caspase-3 cleavage, reversed neuroinflammation, and to accelerated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (pS9GSK-3β) and interleukin (IL-10) levels. Avn-C exerts its beneficial effects by binding to α1A adrenergic receptors to stimulate adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK). All of the beneficial effects of Avn-C on LTP retrieval could be blocked by prazosin hydrochloride, a specific inhibitor of α1A adrenergic receptors. Our findings provide evidence, for the first time, that oats' Avn-C reverses the AD-related memory and behavioral impairments, and establish it as a potential candidate for Alzheimer's disease drug development.
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23
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Subaraja M, Janardhanam Vanisree A. Aberrant neurotransmissional mRNAs in cerebral ganglions of rotenone-exposed Lumbricus terrestris exhibiting motor dysfunction and altered cognitive behavior. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:14461-14472. [PMID: 30868461 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04740-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Rotenone (ROT) was shown to affect cerebral ganglions (CGs) of Lumbricus terrestris as a pioneering observation in our earlier investigation. Though ROT is a well-known neurotoxin causing neurodegeneration (ND), the precipitation of movement dysfunction remains largely unknown. We have designed the current study to analyze motor abnormalities in worms by exposing them to different concentrations (0.0-0.4 ppm) of ROT for 7 days. GABA, cholinergic receptor, serotonin transporter (SERT), acetylcholine esterase (AchE), and dopamine-β-hydroxylase that are well known for their involvement in neuromuscular junctions were investigated by qRT-PCR. Further, neuronal mitochondrial genes (cytochrome C oxidase-2, NADH deydrogenase-1, cytochrome-b) and actin-1 that are essential for regeneration and calreticulin (phagocytosis) were investigated. The levels of neurotransmitters, lipids, ATPase, neuronal behavior analyses, and fluorescence analysis (lipid droplets) were performed in CGs which showed significant variations at 0.3 ppm. Ultrastructural changes in lipid droplet and neuromelatonin were prominent in 0.3 ppm. Dose-dependent effect of ROT on behavior alteration and expression of m-RNAs studied suggested that at 0.3 ppm, it could deteriorate motor and cognitive functions. We predict that perhaps, by virtue of its effect on cerebral ganglionic genes and their neurotransmitting potential, ROT may cause morbidities that resemble features characteristic of hemiparkinsonic degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamangam Subaraja
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 025, India
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24
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Ryu T, Park HJ, Kim H, Cho YC, Kim BC, Jo J, Seo YW, Choi WS, Kim K. Improved memory and reduced anxiety in δ-catenin transgenic mice. Exp Neurol 2019; 318:22-31. [PMID: 30981806 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
δ-Catenin is abundant in the brain and affects its synaptic plasticity. Furthermore, loss of δ-catenin is related to the deficits of learning and memory, mental retardation (cri-du-chat syndrome), and autism. A few studies about δ-catenin deficiency mice were performed. However, the effect of δ-catenin overexpression in the brain has not been investigated as yet. Therefore we generated a δ-catenin overexpressing mouse model. To generate a transgenic mouse model overexpressing δ-catenin in the brain, δ-catenin plasmid having a Thy-1 promotor was microinjected in C57BL/6 mice. Our results showed δ-catenin transgenic mice expressed higher levels of N-cadherin, β-catenin, and p120-catenin than did wild type mice. Furthermore, δ-catenin transgenic mice exhibited better object recognition, better sociability, and lower anxiety than wild type mice. However, both mice groups showed a similar pattern in locomotion tests. Although δ-catenin transgenic mice show similar locomotion, they show improved sociability and reduced anxiety. These characteristics are opposite to the symptoms of autism or mental retardation, which are caused when δ-catenin is deficient. These results suggest that δ-catenin may alleviate symptoms of autism, Alzheimer's disease and mental retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyong Ryu
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, College of Natural Sciences, College of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hangun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chang Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong C Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwnagju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Jo
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwnagju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Seo
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju Center, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Seok Choi
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, College of Natural Sciences, College of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwonseop Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Salama M, El-Desouky S, Alsayed A, El-Hussiny M, Moustafa A, Taalab Y, Mohamed W. FOXRED1 silencing in mice: a possible animal model for Leigh syndrome. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:367-372. [PMID: 30392038 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0334-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Leigh syndrome (LS) is one of the most puzzling mitochondrial disorders, which is also known as subacute necrotizing encephalopathy. It has an incidence of 1 in 77,000 live births worldwide with poor prognosis. Currently, there is a poor understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease without any available effective treatment. Hence, the inevitability for developing suitable animal and cellular models needed for the development of successful new therapeutic modalities. In this short report, we blocked FOXRED1 gene with small interfering RNA (siRNA) using C57bl/6 mice. Results showed neurobehavioral changes in the injected mice along with parallel degeneration in corpus striatum and sparing of the substantia nigra similar to what happen in Leigh syndrome cases. FOXRED1 blockage could serve as a new animal model for Leigh syndrome due to defective CI, which echoes damage to corpus striatum and affection of the central dopaminergic system in this disease. Further preclinical studies are required to validate this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Salama
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Sara El-Desouky
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Aziza Alsayed
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud El-Hussiny
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman Moustafa
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yasmeen Taalab
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Wael Mohamed
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen El-Kom, Egypt
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
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26
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Kim DE, Cho CH, Sim KM, Kwon O, Hwang EM, Kim HW, Park JY. 14-3-3γ Haploinsufficient Mice Display Hyperactive and Stress-sensitive Behaviors. Exp Neurobiol 2019; 28:43-53. [PMID: 30853823 PMCID: PMC6401549 DOI: 10.5607/en.2019.28.1.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
14-3-3γ plays diverse roles in different aspects of cellular processes. Especially in the brain where 14-3-3γ is enriched, it has been reported to be involved in neurological and psychiatric diseases (e.g. Williams-Beuren syndrome and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease). However, behavioral abnormalities related to 14-3-3γ deficiency are largely unknown. Here, by using 14-3-3γ deficient mice, we found that homozygous knockout mice were prenatally lethal, and heterozygous mice showed developmental delay relative to wild-type littermate mice. In addition, in behavioral analyses, we found that 14-3-3γ heterozygote mice display hyperactive and depressive-like behavior along with more sensitive responses to acute stress than littermate control mice. These results suggest that 14-3-3γ levels may be involved in the developmental manifestation of related neuropsychiatric diseases. In addition, 14-3-3γ heterozygote mice may be a potential model to study the molecular pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Eon Kim
- College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Cho
- School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02708, Korea
| | - Kyoung Mi Sim
- School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02708, Korea
| | - Osung Kwon
- School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02708, Korea
| | - Eun Mi Hwang
- Center for Functional Connectomics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Hyung-Wook Kim
- College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Park
- School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02708, Korea
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27
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Nakahara S, Medland S, Turner JA, Calhoun VD, Lim KO, Mueller BA, Bustillo JR, O’Leary DS, Vaidya JG, McEwen S, Voyvodic J, Belger A, Mathalon DH, Ford JM, Guffanti G, Macciardi F, Potkin SG, van Erp TG. Polygenic risk score, genome-wide association, and gene set analyses of cognitive domain deficits in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2018; 201:393-399. [PMID: 29907492 PMCID: PMC6252137 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed genetic contributions to six cognitive domains, identified by the MATRICS Cognitive Consensus Battery as relevant for schizophrenia, cognition-enhancing, clinical trials. Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Schizophrenia polygenic risk scores showed significant negative correlations with each cognitive domain. Genome-wide association analyses identified loci associated with attention/vigilance (rs830786 within HNF4G), verbal memory (rs67017972 near NDUFS4), and reasoning/problem solving (rs76872642 within HDAC9). Gene set analysis identified unique and shared genes across cognitive domains. These findings suggest involvement of common and unique mechanisms across cognitive domains and may contribute to the discovery of new therapeutic targets to treat cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Nakahara
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, United States,Unit 2, Candidate Discovery Science Labs, Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc, 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Sarah Medland
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Jessica A. Turner
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA,Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, United States
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM,Departments of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, United States,Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, United States
| | - Kelvin O. Lim
- Departments of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, United States
| | - Bryon A. Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, United States
| | - Juan R. Bustillo
- Departments of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, United States
| | - Daniel S. O’Leary
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jatin G. Vaidya
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Sarah McEwen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, United States
| | - James Voyvodic
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, United States
| | - Aysenil Belger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Daniel H. Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, United States, and Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, 94121, United States
| | - Judith M. Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, United States, and Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, 94121, United States,San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121
| | - Guia Guffanti
- Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School and Computational Genomics Lab at McLean Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Fabio Macciardi
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, United States
| | - Steven G. Potkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, United States
| | - Theo G.M. van Erp
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, United States,Corresponding Author: Theo G.M. van Erp, Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, 5251 California Avenue, Suite 240, Irvine, CA 92617, voice: (949) 824-3331, fax: (949) 924-3324,
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28
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Kim DS, Kang ES, Baek S, Choo SS, Chung YH, Lee D, Min J, Kim TH. Electrochemical detection of dopamine using periodic cylindrical gold nanoelectrode arrays. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14049. [PMID: 30232374 PMCID: PMC6145913 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32477-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is a key molecule in neurotransmission and has been known to be responsible for several neurological diseases. Hence, its sensitive and selective detection is important for the early diagnosis of diseases related to abnormal levels of dopamine. In this study, we reported a new cylindrical gold nanoelectrode (CAuNE) platform fabricated via sequential laser interference lithography and electrochemical deposition. Among the fabricated electrodes, CAuNEs with a diameter of 700 nm, 150 s deposited, was found to be the best for electrochemical dopamine detection. According to cyclic voltammetry results, the linear range of the CAuNE-700 nm was 1-100 µM of dopamine with a limit of detection (LOD) of 5.83 µM. Moreover, owing to the homogeneous periodic features of CAuNEs, human neural cells were successfully cultured and maintained for more than 5 days in vitro without the use of any extracellular matrix proteins and dopamine was detectable in the presence of these cells on the electrode. Therefore, we concluded that the developed dopamine sensing platform CAuNE can be used for many applications including early diagnosis of neurological diseases; function tests of dopaminergic neurons derived from various stem cell sources; and toxicity assessments of drugs, chemicals, and nanomaterials on human neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Seul Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Ee-Seul Kang
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungho Baek
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Sik Choo
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ho Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hoseo University, Asan City, Chungnam, 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhong Min
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
- Integrative Research Center for Two-Dimensional Functional Materials, Institute of Interdisciplinary Convergence Research, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Barlow S, Fahey B, Smith KJ, Passecker J, Della-Chiesa A, Hok V, Day JS, Callaghan CK, O’Mara SM. Deficits in temporal order memory induced by interferon-alpha (IFN-α) treatment are rescued by aerobic exercise. Brain Res Bull 2018; 140:212-219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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30
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Foriel S, Beyrath J, Eidhof I, Rodenburg RJ, Schenck A, Smeitink JAM. Feeding difficulties, a key feature of the Drosophila NDUFS4 mitochondrial disease model. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm032482. [PMID: 29590638 PMCID: PMC5897729 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.032482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are associated with a wide variety of clinical symptoms and variable degrees of severity. Patients with such diseases generally have a poor prognosis and often an early fatal disease outcome. With an incidence of 1 in 5000 live births and no curative treatments available, relevant animal models to evaluate new therapeutic regimes for mitochondrial diseases are urgently needed. By knocking down ND-18, the unique Drosophila ortholog of NDUFS4, an accessory subunit of the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I), we developed and characterized several dNDUFS4 models that recapitulate key features of mitochondrial disease. Like in humans, the dNDUFS4 KD flies display severe feeding difficulties, an aspect of mitochondrial disorders that has so far been largely ignored in animal models. The impact of this finding, and an approach to overcome it, will be discussed in the context of interpreting disease model characterization and intervention studies.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Foriel
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM) at the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Julien Beyrath
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse Eidhof
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM) at the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annette Schenck
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM) at the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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31
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Environmental and Genetic Variables Influencing Mitochondrial Health and Parkinson's Disease Penetrance. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2018; 2018:8684906. [PMID: 29707191 PMCID: PMC5863306 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8684906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is strong evidence that impairment of mitochondrial function plays a key role in the pathogenesis of PD. The two key PD genes related to mitochondrial function are Parkin (PARK2) and PINK1 (PARK6), and also mutations in several other PD genes, including SNCA, LRRK2, DJ1, CHCHD2, and POLG, have been shown to induce mitochondrial stress. Many mutations are clearly pathogenic in some patients while carriers of other mutations either do not develop the disease or show a delayed onset, a phenomenon known as reduced penetrance. Indeed, for several mutations in autosomal dominant PD genes, penetrance is markedly reduced, whereas heterozygous carriers of recessive mutations may predispose to PD in a dominant manner, although with highly reduced penetrance, if additional disease modifiers are present. The identification and validation of such modifiers leading to reduced penetrance or increased susceptibility in the case of heterozygous carriers of recessive mutations are relevant for a better understanding of mechanisms contributing to disease onset. We discuss genetic and environmental factors as well as mitochondrial DNA alterations and protein-protein interactions, all involved in mitochondrial function, as potential causes to modify penetrance of mutations in dominant PD genes and to determine manifestation of heterozygous mutations in recessive PD genes.
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32
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Chen B, Hui J, Montgomery KS, Gella A, Bolea I, Sanz E, Palmiter RD, Quintana A. Loss of Mitochondrial Ndufs4 in Striatal Medium Spiny Neurons Mediates Progressive Motor Impairment in a Mouse Model of Leigh Syndrome. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:265. [PMID: 28883788 PMCID: PMC5573716 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inability of mitochondria to generate energy leads to severe and often fatal myoencephalopathies. Among these, Leigh syndrome (LS) is one of the most common childhood mitochondrial diseases; it is characterized by hypotonia, failure to thrive, respiratory insufficiency and progressive mental and motor dysfunction, leading to early death. Basal ganglia nuclei, including the striatum, are affected in LS patients. However, neither the identity of the affected cell types in the striatum nor their contribution to the disease has been established. Here, we used a mouse model of LS lacking Ndufs4, a mitochondrial complex I subunit, to confirm that loss of complex I, but not complex II, alters respiration in the striatum. To assess the role of striatal dysfunction in the pathology, we selectively inactivated Ndufs4 in the striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs), which account for over 95% of striatal neurons. Our results show that lack of Ndufs4 in MSNs causes a non-fatal progressive motor impairment without affecting the cognitive function of mice. Furthermore, no inflammatory responses or neuronal loss were observed up to 6 months of age. Hence, complex I deficiency in MSNs contributes to the motor deficits observed in LS, but not to the neural degeneration, suggesting that other neuronal populations drive the plethora of clinical signs in LS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of WashingtonSeattle, WA, United States
| | - Jessica Hui
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research InstituteSeattle, WA, United States
| | - Kelsey S Montgomery
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research InstituteSeattle, WA, United States.,Institut de Neurociències and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra, Spain
| | - Alejandro Gella
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research InstituteSeattle, WA, United States.,Institut de Neurociències and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra, Spain
| | - Irene Bolea
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research InstituteSeattle, WA, United States.,Institut de Neurociències and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra, Spain
| | - Elisenda Sanz
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research InstituteSeattle, WA, United States.,Institut de Neurociències and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra, Spain
| | - Richard D Palmiter
- Department of Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of WashingtonSeattle, WA, United States
| | - Albert Quintana
- Department of Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of WashingtonSeattle, WA, United States.,Center for Developmental Therapeutics and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research InstituteSeattle, WA, United States.,Institut de Neurociències and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, University of WashingtonSeattle, WA, United States
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