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Castellani S, Evangelista C, Lepore M, Portaccio M, Basiricò L, Bernabucci U, Delfino I. Insights on early response to acute heat shock of bovine mammary epithelial cells through a multimethod approach. Animal 2024; 18:101264. [PMID: 39116469 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2024.101264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat stress is a significant challenge in dairy cattle herds, affecting milk production and quality, and generating important changes at the cellular level. Most in vitro research on heat shock (HS) effects on dairy cow mammary cells was focused on medium-long-term effects. In recent years, Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) micro-spectroscopy has been increasingly used to study the effects of several external stresses on different cell lines, down to the level of single cellular components, such as DNA/RNA, lipids, and proteins. In this study, the possible changes at the biochemical and molecular level induced by acute (30 min-2 h) HS in bovine mammary epithelial (BME-UV1) cells were investigated. The cells were exposed to different temperatures, thermoneutral (TN, 37 °C) and HS (42 °C), and FT-IR spectra were acquired to analyse the effects of HS on biochemical characteristics of BME-UV1 cellular components (proteins, lipids, and DNA/RNA). Moreover, cell viability assay, reactive oxygen species production, and mRNA expression of heat shock proteins (HSPA1A, HSP90AA1, GRP78, GRP94) and antioxidant genes (SOD1, SOD2) by RT-qPCR were also analysed. The FT-IR results showed a change already at 30 min of HS exposure, in the content of long-chain fatty acids, which probably acted as a response to a modification of membrane fluidity in HS cells compared with TN cells. After 2 h of HS exposure, modification of DNA/RNA activity and accumulation of aggregated proteins was highlighted in HS cells. The gene expression analyses showed the overexpression of HSPA1A and HSP90AA1 starting from 30 min up to 2 h in HS cells compared with TN cells. At 2 h of HS exposure, also the overexpression of GRP94 was observed in HS cells. Acute HS did not affect cell viability, reactive oxygen species level, and SOD1 and SOD2 gene expression of BME-UV1 cells. According to the results obtained, cells initiate early defence mechanisms in case of acute HS and probably this efficient response capacity may be decisive for tolerance to heat stress of dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Castellani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (DAFNE), Università della Tuscia, via San Camillo De Lellis, s.n.c, Viterbo, Italy
| | - C Evangelista
- Dipartimento per l'Innovazione nei Sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università della Tuscia, via San Camillo De Lellis, s.n.c, Viterbo, Italy
| | - M Lepore
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - M Portaccio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - L Basiricò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (DAFNE), Università della Tuscia, via San Camillo De Lellis, s.n.c, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - U Bernabucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (DAFNE), Università della Tuscia, via San Camillo De Lellis, s.n.c, Viterbo, Italy
| | - I Delfino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche (DEB), Università della Tuscia, via San Camillo De Lellis, s.n.c, Viterbo, Italy; INAF- Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte Napoli, Salita Moiariello 16, Napoli, Italy
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2
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Ghosh B, Agarwal K. Viewing life without labels under optical microscopes. Commun Biol 2023; 6:559. [PMID: 37231084 PMCID: PMC10212946 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04934-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical microscopes today have pushed the limits of speed, quality, and observable space in biological specimens revolutionizing how we view life today. Further, specific labeling of samples for imaging has provided insight into how life functions. This enabled label-based microscopy to percolate and integrate into mainstream life science research. However, the use of labelfree microscopy has been mostly limited, resulting in testing for bio-application but not bio-integration. To enable bio-integration, such microscopes need to be evaluated for their timeliness to answer biological questions uniquely and establish a long-term growth prospect. The article presents key label-free optical microscopes and discusses their integrative potential in life science research for the unperturbed analysis of biological samples.
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3
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X-rays induced alterations in mechanical and biochemical properties of isolated SH-SY5Y nuclei. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130291. [PMID: 36529242 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of ionizing radiations in radiotherapy is an effective and very common cancer treatment after surgery. Although ionizing-radiation DNA damages are extensively investigated, little is known about their effects on the other nuclear components, since their variations when studied in whole cells can be difficult to decouple from those of the cytoplasmatic structures. The organization of nuclear components plays a functional role since they are directly involved in some of the nuclear response to chemical or physical stimuli. For this reason, studying the X-ray effects on nuclear components is a crucial step in radiobiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have used Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and micro-FTIR to examine the biomechanical and biochemical properties of hydrated fixed nuclei isolated from neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells irradiated by 2, 4, 6 and 8 Gy X-ray doses. RESULTS The experimental results have shown that, already at 2 Gy irradiation dose, the nuclei exhibit not only a DNA damage, but also relevant alterations of lipid saturation, protein secondary structure arrangement and a significant decrease in nuclear stiffness, which indicate a remarkable chromatin decondensation. CONCLUSIONS AND GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The present work demonstrates that a multi-technique approach, able to disclose multiple features, can be helpful to achieve a comprehensive picture of the X-ray irradiation effects of the nuclear components and distinguish them from those occurring at the level of cytoplasm.
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Czaja M, Skirlińska-Nosek K, Adamczyk O, Sofińska K, Wilkosz N, Rajfur Z, Szymoński M, Lipiec E. Raman Research on Bleomycin-Induced DNA Strand Breaks and Repair Processes in Living Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3524. [PMID: 35408885 PMCID: PMC8998246 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Even several thousands of DNA lesions are induced in one cell within one day. DNA damage may lead to mutations, formation of chromosomal aberrations, or cellular death. A particularly cytotoxic type of DNA damage is single- and double-strand breaks (SSBs and DSBs, respectively). In this work, we followed DNA conformational transitions induced by the disruption of DNA backbone. Conformational changes of chromatin in living cells were induced by a bleomycin (BLM), an anticancer drug, which generates SSBs and DSBs. Raman micro-spectroscopy enabled to observe chemical changes at the level of single cell and to collect hyperspectral images of molecular structure and composition with sub-micrometer resolution. We applied multivariate data analysis methods to extract key information from registered data, particularly to probe DNA conformational changes. Applied methodology enabled to track conformational transition from B-DNA to A-DNA upon cellular response to BLM treatment. Additionally, increased expression of proteins within the cell nucleus resulting from the activation of repair processes was demonstrated. The ongoing DNA repair process under the BLM action was also confirmed with confocal laser scanning fluorescent microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ewelina Lipiec
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (M.C.); (K.S.-N.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (Z.R.); (M.S.)
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5
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Khoje ZB, kumarVootla S, David M. Brain DNA damage analysis in pesticide exposed wistar albino rats (Rattus norvegicus): a chemometric approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 41:2211-2220. [PMID: 35067187 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2029566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Brain the most important organ which controls most of the regulations in the body is composed of neurons and glia. As brain has a high metabolic rate and reduced cell renewal capability, the lipids, proteins and nucleic acids become the major targets of damage. In the present study carbofuran (CF) induced brain DNA damage in male wistar albino rats at sub-lethal doses (Control-A; B-1.0, C-0.5 and D-0.3 mg/kg BW) while the groups B1,C1, D1, B2, C2, D2 and B3, C3, D3 represents the exposure duration 30, 60 and 90 days each respectively. FTIR spectroscopy based chemometric analysis of functional groups in nucleic acids are reported, changes in band area and band frequencies were examined to understand the DNA damage by constructing heat map. Significant changes were observed in the band frequency, band areas, bandwidth and intensity values (p < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001). The principal component analysis was analyzed to study the alterations at the molecular level, which revealed maximum variance of 74% in groups A, B1, C1, D1 and C2 and 13.7% variance in B2, D2, B3, C3 and D3. The present study provides significant details to analyse DNA damage using non-conventional approach and can also be used for detecting DNA damage in several neural diseases and disorders and emphasizes on using FTIR spectral data through chemometric approach to analyse the DNA damage.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zabin Begum Khoje
- Department of Studies in Zoology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Shyam kumarVootla
- Department of Studies in Microbiology and Biotechnology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Muniswamy David
- Department of Studies in Zoology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
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6
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Morrish R, Yim KHW, Pagliara S, Palombo F, Chahwan R, Stone N. Single Cell Label-Free Probing of Chromatin Dynamics During B Lymphocyte Maturation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:646616. [PMID: 33842468 PMCID: PMC8033168 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.646616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Large-scale intracellular signaling during developmental growth or in response to environmental alterations are largely orchestrated by chromatin within the cell nuclei. Chemical and conformational modifications of the chromatin architecture are critical steps in the regulation of differential gene expression and ultimately cell fate determination. Therefore, establishing chemical properties of the nucleus could provide key markers for phenotypic characterization of cellular processes on a scale of individual cells. Raman microscopy is a sensitive technique that is capable of probing single cell chemical composition—and sub-cellular regions—in a label-free optical manner. As such, it has great potential in both clinical and basic research. However, perceived limitations of Raman spectroscopy such as low signal intensity and the difficulty in linking alterations in vibrational signals directly with ensuing biological effects have hampered advances in the field. Here we use immune B lymphocyte development as a model to assess chromatin and transcriptional changes using confocal Raman microscopy in combination with microfluidic devices and correlative transcriptomics, thereby linking changes in chemical and structural properties to biological outcomes. Live B lymphocytes were assessed before and after maturation. Multivariate analysis was applied to distinguish cellular components within each cell. The spectral differences between non-activated and activated B lymphocytes were then identified, and their correlation with known intracellular biological changes were assessed in comparison to conventional RNA-seq analysis. Our data shows that spectral analysis provides a powerful tool to study gene activation that can complement conventional molecular biology techniques and opens the way for mapping the dynamics in the biochemical makeup of individual cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Morrish
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.,Living Systems Institute and School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Ho Wai Yim
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Pagliara
- Living Systems Institute and School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Palombo
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Chahwan
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas Stone
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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7
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Roman M, Wrobel TP, Paluszkiewicz C, Kwiatek WM. Comparison between high definition FT-IR, Raman and AFM-IR for subcellular chemical imaging of cholesteryl esters in prostate cancer cells. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e201960094. [PMID: 31999078 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201960094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The family of vibrational spectroscopic imaging techniques grows every few years and there is a need to compare and contrast new modalities with the better understood ones, especially in the case of demanding biological samples. Three vibrational spectroscopy techniques (high definition Fourier-transform infrared [FT-IR], Raman and atomic force microscopy infrared [AFM-IR]) were applied for subcellular chemical imaging of cholesteryl esters in PC-3 prostate cancer cells. The techniques were compared and contrasted in terms of image quality, spectral pattern and chemical information. All tested techniques were found to be useful in chemical imaging of cholesterol derivatives in cancer cells. The results obtained from FT-IR and Raman imaging showed to be comparable, whereas those achieved from AFM-IR study exhibited higher spectral heterogeneity. It confirms AFM-IR method as a powerful tool in local chemical imaging of cells at the nanoscale level. Furthermore, due to polarization effect, p-polarized AFM-IR spectra showed strong enhancement of lipid bands when compared to FT-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Roman
- Department of Experimental Physics of Complex Systems, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz P Wrobel
- Department of Experimental Physics of Complex Systems, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Czeslawa Paluszkiewicz
- Department of Experimental Physics of Complex Systems, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech M Kwiatek
- Department of Experimental Physics of Complex Systems, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
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8
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Sofińska K, Wilkosz N, Szymoński M, Lipiec E. Molecular Spectroscopic Markers of DNA Damage. Molecules 2020; 25:E561. [PMID: 32012927 PMCID: PMC7037412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Every cell in a living organism is constantly exposed to physical and chemical factors which damage the molecular structure of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Cellular DNA lesions are the most dangerous because the genetic information, critical for the identity and function of each eukaryotic cell, is stored in the DNA. In this review, we describe spectroscopic markers of DNA damage, which can be detected by infrared, Raman, surface-enhanced Raman, and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopies, using data acquired from DNA solutions and mammalian cells. Various physical and chemical DNA damaging factors are taken into consideration, including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, chemicals, and chemotherapeutic compounds. All major spectral markers of DNA damage are presented in several tables, to give the reader a possibility of fast identification of the spectral signature related to a particular type of DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ewelina Lipiec
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.S.); (N.W.); or (M.S.)
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9
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Shen R, Li Y, Yu L, Wu H, Cui R, Liu S, Song Y, Wang D. Ex vivo detection of cadmium-induced renal damage by using confocal Raman spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900157. [PMID: 31407491 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal which is harmful to environment and organisms. The reabsorption of Cd in kidney leads it to be the main damaged organ in animals under the Cd exposure. In this work, we applied confocal Raman spectroscopy to map the pathological changes in situ in normal and Cd-exposed mice kidney. The renal tissue from Cd-exposed group displayed a remarkable decreasing in the intensity of typical peaks related to mitochondria, DNA, proteins and lipids. On the contrary, the peaks of collagen in Cd-exposed group elevated significantly. The components in each tissue were identified and distinguished by principal component analysis. Furthermore, all the biological investigations in this study were consistent with the Raman spectrum detection, which revealed the progression and degree of lesion induced by Cd. The confocal Raman spectroscopy provides a new perspective for in situ monitoring of substances changes in tissues, which exhibits more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of heavy metals in molecular toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuee Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Linghui Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Haining Wu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Rong Cui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Sha Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yanfeng Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Degui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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10
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Roman M, Wrobel TP, Panek A, Paluszkiewicz C, Kwiatek WM. Nanoscale AFM-IR spectroscopic imaging of lipid heterogeneity and effect of irradiation in prostate cancer cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:425502. [PMID: 31300624 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab31dd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The recent development of the AFM-IR technique, which combines nanoscale imaging with chemical contrast through infrared spectroscopy, opened up new fields for exploration, which were out of reach for other modalities, e.g. Raman spectroscopy. Lipid droplets (LDs) are key organelles, which are associated with stress response mechanisms in cells and their size falls into that niche. LDs composition is heterogeneous and varies depending on cancer cell type and the tumor microenvironment. Prostate cancer cells show a unique lipid metabolism manifested by an increased requirement for lipid accumulation in cytosolic LDs. In the current work, AFM-IR nanoimaging was undertaken to analyze lipids in untreated and x-ray irradiated PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Cells poor in LDs showed slightly increased lipid signal in cytoplasm close to the nucleus. On the other hand, high lipid signal coming from LDs accumulation could be found in any part of the cytoplasmic region. The observed behavior was found to be independent from irradiation and its dose. According to the band assignment of the collected AFM-IR spectra, the main components of LDs were assigned to cholesteryl esters. The size of LDs present in cells poor in lipids was found to be of less than 1 μm, whereas LDs aggregates spread out over a few microns. Analysis of AFM-IR spectra shows relative homogeneity of LDs composition in single cells and heterogeneity of LDs content within the PC-3 cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Roman
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland
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11
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Roman M, Wrobel TP, Panek A, Efeoglu E, Wiltowska-Zuber J, Paluszkiewicz C, Byrne HJ, Kwiatek WM. Exploring subcellular responses of prostate cancer cells to X-ray exposure by Raman mapping. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8715. [PMID: 31213635 PMCID: PMC6581960 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45179-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the response of cancer cells to ionising radiation is a crucial step in modern radiotherapy. Raman microspectroscopy, together with Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) analysis has been shown to be a powerful tool for monitoring biochemical changes of irradiated cells on the subcellular level. However, to date, the majority of Raman studies have been performed using a single spectrum per cell, giving a limited view of the total biochemical response of the cell. In the current study, Raman mapping of the whole cell area was undertaken to ensure a more comprehensive understanding of the changes induced by X-ray radiation. On the basis of the collected Raman spectral maps, PLSR models were constructed to elucidate the time-dependent evolution of chemical changes induced in cells by irradiation, and the performance of PLSR models based on whole cell averages as compared to those based on average Raman spectra of cytoplasm and nuclear region. On the other hand, prediction of X-ray doses for individual cellular components showed that cytoplasmic and nuclear regions should be analysed separately. Finally, the advantage of the mapping technique over single point measurements was verified by a comparison of the corresponding PLSR models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Roman
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Tomasz P Wrobel
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Panek
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342, Krakow, Poland
| | - Esen Efeoglu
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Kevin Street, Dublin, 8, Ireland
| | | | | | - Hugh J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Kevin Street, Dublin, 8, Ireland
| | - Wojciech M Kwiatek
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342, Krakow, Poland
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12
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Ghosh A, Raha S, Dey S, Chatterjee K, Roy Chowdhury A, Barui A. Chemometric analysis of integrated FTIR and Raman spectra obtained by non-invasive exfoliative cytology for the screening of oral cancer. Analyst 2019; 144:1309-1325. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an02092b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
FTIR spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy of biological analytes are increasingly explored as screening tools for early detection of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritri Ghosh
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah 711103
- India
| | - Sreyan Raha
- Department of Physics
- Bose Institute
- Kolkata-700009
- India
| | - Susmita Dey
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah 711103
- India
| | - Kabita Chatterjee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology
- Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences
- Patna 800020
- India
| | - Amit Roy Chowdhury
- Department of Aerospace and Applied Mechanics
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah 711103
- India
| | - Ananya Barui
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah 711103
- India
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13
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Lipiec E, Wood BR, Kulik A, Kwiatek WM, Dietler G. Nanoscale Investigation into the Cellular Response of Glioblastoma Cells Exposed to Protons. Anal Chem 2018; 90:7644-7650. [PMID: 29799188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ionizing radiation can induce cellular defense mechanisms including cell activation and rapid proliferation prior to metastasis and in extreme cases can result in cell death. Herewith we apply infrared nano- and microspectroscopy combined with multidimensional data analysis to characterize the effect of ionizing radiation on single glioblastoma nuclei isolated from cells treated with 10 Gy of X-rays or 1 and 10 Gy of protons. We observed chromatin fragmentation related to the formation of apoptotic bodies following X-ray exposure. Following proton irradiation we detected evidence of a DNA conformational change (B-DNA to A-DNA transition) related to DNA repair and accompanied by an increase in protein content related to the synthesis of peptide enzymes involved in DNA repair. We also show that proton exposure can increase cholesterol and sterol ester synthesis, which are important lipids involved in the metastatic process changing the fluidity of the cellular membrane in preparation for rapid proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Lipiec
- Institute of Nuclear Physics , Polish Academy of Sciences , PL-31342 Krakow , Poland.,Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Physics of Living Matter , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland.,Centre for Biospectroscopy and School of Chemistry , Monash University , 3800 Clayton , Victoria , Australia
| | - Bayden R Wood
- Centre for Biospectroscopy and School of Chemistry , Monash University , 3800 Clayton , Victoria , Australia
| | - Andrzej Kulik
- Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Physics of Living Matter , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Wojciech M Kwiatek
- Institute of Nuclear Physics , Polish Academy of Sciences , PL-31342 Krakow , Poland
| | - Giovanni Dietler
- Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Physics of Living Matter , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
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14
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Yan J, Zhang F, Huang Q. FTIR Microspectroscopy Probes Particle-Radiation Effect on HCT116 cells (p53+/+, p53–/–). Radiat Res 2018; 189:156-164. [DOI: 10.1667/rr14883.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Fengqiu Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, School of Physical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; and
| | - Qing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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15
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Denbigh JL, Perez-Guaita D, Vernooij RR, Tobin MJ, Bambery KR, Xu Y, Southam AD, Khanim FL, Drayson MT, Lockyer NP, Goodacre R, Wood BR. Probing the action of a novel anti-leukaemic drug therapy at the single cell level using modern vibrational spectroscopy techniques. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2649. [PMID: 28572622 PMCID: PMC5453947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02069-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a life threatening cancer for which there is an urgent clinical need for novel therapeutic approaches. A redeployed drug combination of bezafibrate and medroxyprogesterone acetate (BaP) has shown anti-leukaemic activity in vitro and in vivo. Elucidation of the BaP mechanism of action is required in order to understand how to maximise the clinical benefit. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, Synchrotron radiation FTIR (S-FTIR) and Raman microspectroscopy are powerful complementary techniques which were employed to probe the biochemical composition of two AML cell lines in the presence and absence of BaP. Analysis was performed on single living cells along with dehydrated and fixed cells to provide a large and detailed data set. A consideration of the main spectral differences in conjunction with multivariate statistical analysis reveals a significant change to the cellular lipid composition with drug treatment; furthermore, this response is not caused by cell apoptosis. No change to the DNA of either cell line was observed suggesting this combination therapy primarily targets lipid biosynthesis or effects bioactive lipids that activate specific signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna L Denbigh
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom.,Biomedical Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, M5 4WT, United Kingdom
| | - David Perez-Guaita
- Centre for Biospectroscopy and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Robbin R Vernooij
- Centre for Biospectroscopy and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Mark J Tobin
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Keith R Bambery
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Yun Xu
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Southam
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Farhat L Khanim
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Mark T Drayson
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas P Lockyer
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Bayden R Wood
- Centre for Biospectroscopy and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
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16
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Deng R, Qu H, Liang L, Zhang J, Zhang B, Huang D, Xu S, Liang C, Xu W. Tracing the Therapeutic Process of Targeted Aptamer/Drug Conjugate on Cancer Cells by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2017; 89:2844-2851. [PMID: 28192929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to pathology areas can improve drug efficiency and reduce serious side effects on normal regions. However, their treatment mechanism on cells or cell nuclei is still mysterious due to the lack of in situ characterization methods. In this paper, the specific diagnosis and treatment processes of a targeted antitumor agent (doxorubicin, Dox) functionalized aptamer complex (TLS11a-GC-Dox) toward HepG2 cells, a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, were tracked in real time by the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopic technique and dark-field imaging with the assistance of gold nanorod-based nuclear targeted probes, which possess remarkable SERS enhancement ability, specific targeting, and excellent biological compatibility. This is the first time to explore the acting mechanism of an aptamer-based targeted drug on cell nucleus based on the spectral information on components inside the cell nucleus. The results demonstrate that this aptamer/drug conjugate has targeting and sustained-release actions and its therapeutic effect is achieved by the gradual damage of relevant proteins and DNA in nuclei. Better understanding of the mechanism of aptamer-drug conjugates acting on cancer cells is conductive to increasing cancer therapy efficiency and is also helpful for the design of highly effective drug delivery methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Huixin Qu
- Institute of Frontier Medical Science, Jilin University , Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijia Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Biying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianshuai Huang
- Institute of Frontier Medical Science, Jilin University , Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongyang Liang
- Institute of Frontier Medical Science, Jilin University , Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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17
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Bumah VV, Aboualizadeh E, Masson-Meyers DS, Eells JT, Enwemeka CS, Hirschmugl CJ. Spectrally resolved infrared microscopy and chemometric tools to reveal the interaction between blue light (470nm) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 167:150-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Czamara K, Petko F, Baranska M, Kaczor A. Raman microscopy at the subcellular level: a study on early apoptosis in endothelial cells induced by Fas ligand and cycloheximide. Analyst 2017; 141:1390-7. [PMID: 26765153 DOI: 10.1039/c5an02202a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
High spatially resolved Raman microscopy was applied to study the early apoptosis in endothelial cells and chemical and structural changes induced by this process. Application of cluster analysis enabled separation of signals due to various subcellular organelles and compartments such as the nuclei, nucleoli, endoplasmic reticulum or cytoplasm and analysis of alterations locally at the subcellular level. Different stimuli, i.e. Fas ligand, a tumor necrosis factor, and cycloheximide, an inhibitor of eukaryotic protein biosynthesis, were applied to induce apoptotic mechanisms. Due to different mechanisms of action, the changes observed in subcellular structures were different for FasL and cycloheximide. Although in both cases a statistically significant decrease of the protein level was observed in all studied cellular structures, the increase of the nucleic acids content locally in apoptotic nuclei was considerably more pronounced upon FasL-induced apoptosis compared to the cycloheximide one. Additionally, apoptosis invokes also a decrease of the proteins with the α-helix protein structure selectively for FasL in the cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Czamara
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland. and Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Filip Petko
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Baranska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland. and Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kaczor
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland. and Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
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19
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Nazeer SS, Samrid R, Perez-Guaita D, Prachaney P, Chaisiwamongkol K, Pakdeechote P, Chaiyarit P, Wood BR. Monitoring the biochemical alterations in hypertension affected salivary gland tissues using Fourier transform infrared hyperspectral imaging. Analyst 2017; 142:1269-1275. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an02074g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
FTIR imaging shows biochemical differences between salivary glands from control and hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaiju S. Nazeer
- Centre for Biospectroscopy
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- VIC 3800
- Australia
| | - Rarinthorn Samrid
- Department of Anatomy
- Faculty of Medicine
- Khon Kaen University
- Thailand
| | - David Perez-Guaita
- Centre for Biospectroscopy
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- VIC 3800
- Australia
| | | | | | | | - Ponlatham Chaiyarit
- Department of Oral Diagnosis
- Faculty of Dentistry
- Khon Kaen University
- Thailand
- Research Group of Chronic Inflammatory Oral Diseases and Systemic Diseases Associated with Oral Health
| | - Bayden R. Wood
- Centre for Biospectroscopy
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- VIC 3800
- Australia
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20
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Wood BR. The importance of hydration and DNA conformation in interpreting infrared spectra of cells and tissues. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:1980-98. [PMID: 26403652 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00511f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Since Watson and Crick's historical papers on the structure and function of DNA based on Rosalind Franklin's and Maurice Wilkin's X-ray diffraction patterns tremendous scientific curiosity has been aroused by the unique and dynamic structure of the molecule of life. A-DNA and B-DNA represent different conformations of the DNA molecule, which is stabilised by hydrogen interactions between base pairs, stacking interactions between neighboring bases and long-range intra- and inter-backbone forces. This review highlights the contribution Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has made to the understanding of DNA conformation in relation to hydration and its potential role in clinical diagnostics. The review will first begin by elucidating the main forms of DNA conformation found in nature and the general structures of the A, B and Z forms. This is followed by a detailed critique on infrared spectroscopy applied to DNA conformation highlighting pivotal studies on isolated DNA, polynucleotides, nucleoprotein and nucleohistone complexes. A discussion on the potential of diagnosing cancer using FTIR spectroscopy based on the detection of DNA bands in cells and tissues will ensue, highlighting the recent studies investigating the conformation of DNA in hydrated and dehydrated cells. The method of hydration as a way to facilitate DNA conformational band assignment will be discussed and the conformational change to the A-form upon dehydration will be used to explain the reason for the apparent lack of FTIR DNA signals observed in fixed or air-dried cells and tissues. The advantages of investigating B-DNA in the hydrated state, as opposed to A-DNA in the dehydrated state, are exemplified in a series of studies that show: (1) improved quantification of DNA in cells; (2) improved discrimination and reproducibility of FTIR spectra recorded of cells progressing through the cell cycle; (3) insights into the biological significance of A-DNA as evidenced by an interesting study on bacteria, which can survive desiccation and at the same time undergo the B-A-B transition. Finally, the importance of preserving the B-DNA conformation for the diagnosis of cancer is put forward as way to improve the sensitivity of this powerful technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayden R Wood
- Centre for Biospectroscopy, School of Chemistry, Monash University, 3800, Victoria, Australia.
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21
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Pitfalls and promises in FTIR spectromicroscopy analyses to monitor iron-mediated DNA damage in sperm. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 61:39-46. [PMID: 26923261 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Many drugs, chemicals, and environmental factors can impair sperm functionality by inducing DNA damage, one of the important causes of reduced fertility potential. The use of vibrational spectromicroscopy represents a promising approach for monitoring DNA integrity in sperm, although some limitations exist, depending from the experimental conditions. Here, we report that when using FTIR spectromicroscopy to reveal oxidative stress mediated by Fenton's reaction on hydrated sperm samples, DNA damage interpretation is partially compromised by unexpected cell surface precipitates. The precipitates give a broad band in the 1150-1000cm(-1) infrared region, which partially covers one of the signatures of DNA (phosphate stretching bands), and are detected as iron and oxygen containing material when using XRF spectroscopy. On the other hand, the analyses further support the potential of FTIR spectromicroscopy to reveal cellular oxidative damage events such as lipid peroxidation, protein misfolding and aggregations, as well as DNA strain breaks.
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22
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Staniszewska-Slezak E, Fedorowicz A, Kramkowski K, Leszczynska A, Chlopicki S, Baranska M, Malek K. Plasma biomarkers of pulmonary hypertension identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and principal component analysis. Analyst 2015; 140:2273-9. [PMID: 25599976 DOI: 10.1039/c4an01864h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to find specific plasma spectral markers associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) induced by monocrotaline injection in rats. FTIR was used to monitor biochemical changes in plasma caused by PAH as compared with the systemic hypertension induced by partial ligation on the left artery and with the control group. Both pathologies, systemic and pulmonary hypertension, induced a unique response in the biochemical content of plasma, mainly related to the composition and secondary structure of plasma proteins. For PAH, β-pleated sheet components of plasma proteins were identified whereas the protein composition in systemic hypertension was dominated by unordered structures. In addition, a higher concentration of tyrosine-rich proteins was found in plasma in PAH than in systemic hypertension. The differences between both pathologies were identified also in terms of lipid composition/metabolism as well as in the content of RNA and glucose, suggesting that lipid peroxidation appears upon pulmonary hypertension development. In summary, this work demonstrates that FTIR spectroscopy supported by principal component analysis (PCA) has the potential to become a fast and non-destructive method for biochemical characterization of plasma that consequently could have a diagnostic significance in pulmonary hypertension.
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23
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Obinaju BE, Fullwood NJ, Martin FL. Distinguishing nuclei-specific benzo[a]pyrene-induced effects from whole-cell alterations in MCF-7 cells using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Toxicology 2015; 335:27-34. [PMID: 26148868 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to chemicals such as benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) can generate intracellular toxic mechanisms. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is a novel approach that allows the non-destructive analysis of underlying chemical bond alterations in patho-physiological processes. This study set out to examine whether B[a]P-induced whole cell alterations could be distinguished from effects on nuclei of exposed cells. Using attenuated total reflection FTIR (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, alterations in nuclei isolated from B[a]P-treated MCF-7 cells concentrated either in G0/G1- or S-phase were observed. B[a]P-induced effects in whole-cells included alterations to lipids, DNA and protein spectral regions. Absorbance areas for protein and DNA/RNA regions in B[a]P-treated whole cells differed significantly (P<0.0001) from vehicle controls and these observations correlated with alterations noted in isolated nuclei. Our findings provide evidence that FTIR spectroscopy has the ability to identify specific chemical-induced alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessing E Obinaju
- Centre for Biophotonics, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Nigel J Fullwood
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, UK
| | - Francis L Martin
- Centre for Biophotonics, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
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