1
|
Izadi M, Wolf D, Seemann E, Ori A, Schwintzer L, Steiniger F, Kessels MM, Qualmann B. Membrane shapers from two distinct superfamilies cooperate in the development of neuronal morphology. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202211032. [PMID: 37318382 PMCID: PMC10274853 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202211032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane-shaping proteins are driving forces behind establishment of proper cell morphology and function. Yet, their reported structural and in vitro properties are noticeably inconsistent with many physiological membrane topology requirements. We demonstrate that dendritic arborization of neurons is powered by physically coordinated shaping mechanisms elicited by members of two distinct classes of membrane shapers: the F-BAR protein syndapin I and the N-Ank superfamily protein ankycorbin. Strikingly, membrane-tubulating activities by syndapin I, which would be detrimental during dendritic branching, were suppressed by ankycorbin. Ankycorbin's integration into syndapin I-decorated membrane surfaces instead promoted curvatures and topologies reflecting those observed physiologically. In line with the functional importance of this mechanism, ankycorbin- and syndapin I-mediated functions in dendritic arborization mutually depend on each other and on a surprisingly specific interface mediating complex formation of the two membrane shapers. These striking results uncovered cooperative and interdependent functions of members of two fundamentally different membrane shaper superfamilies as a previously unknown, pivotal principle in neuronal shape development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Izadi
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - David Wolf
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Eric Seemann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Alessandro Ori
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Lukas Schwintzer
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Frank Steiniger
- Electron Microscopy Center, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Manfred Kessels
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Britta Qualmann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lobos Patorniti N, Zulkefli KL, McAdam ME, Vargas P, Bakke O, Progida C. Rai14 is a novel interactor of Invariant chain that regulates macropinocytosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1182180. [PMID: 37545539 PMCID: PMC10401043 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1182180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Invariant chain (Ii, CD74) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein that acts as a chaperone and facilitates the folding and transport of MHC II chains. By assisting the assembly and subcellular targeting of MHC II complexes, Ii has a wide impact on the functions of antigen-presenting cells such as antigen processing, endocytic maturation, signal transduction, cell migration, and macropinocytosis. Ii is a multifunctional molecule that can alter endocytic traffic and has several interacting molecules. To understand more about Ii's function and to identify further Ii interactors, a yeast two-hybrid screening was performed. Retinoic Acid-Induced 14 (Rai14) was detected as a putative interaction partner, and the interaction was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. Rai14 is a poorly characterized protein, which is believed to have a role in actin cytoskeleton and membrane remodeling. In line with this, we found that Rai14 localizes to membrane ruffles, where it forms macropinosomes. Depletion of Rai14 in antigen-presenting cells delays MHC II internalization, affecting macropinocytic activity. Intriguingly, we demonstrated that, similar to Ii, Rai14 is a positive regulator of macropinocytosis and a negative regulator of cell migration, two antagonistic processes in antigen-presenting cells. This antagonism is known to depend on the interaction between myosin II and Ii. Here, we show that Rai14 also binds to myosin II, suggesting that Ii, myosin II, and Rai14 work together to coordinate macropinocytosis and cell motility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pablo Vargas
- Inserm U1151, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Oddmund Bakke
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cinzia Progida
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu W, Yang C, Liu Q, Peng M, Li Q, Wang H, Chen X, Zhang B, Feng P, Chen T, Zeng D, Zhao Y. Integrated Analysis of DNA Methylome and Transcriptome Reveals Epigenetic Regulation of Cold Tolerance in Litopenaeus vannamei. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11573. [PMID: 37511332 PMCID: PMC10380378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification that has been shown to be associated with responses to non-biological stressors. However, there is currently no research on DNA methylation in response to environmental signals in shrimp. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis of DNA methylation profiles and differentially expressed genes between two strains of Litopenaeus vannamei with significantly different cold tolerance through whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and transcriptome sequencing. Between Lv-C and Lv-T (constant temperature of 28 °C and low temperatures of 18 °C and 10 °C) under cytosine-guanine (CG) environments, 39,100 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified, corresponding to 9302 DMR-related genes (DMRGs). The DMRs were mainly located in the gene body (exons and introns). Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that these DMRGs were significantly enriched in cell parts, catalytic activity, and metabolic processes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed significant enrichment of these DMRGs in pathways such as proteasome (ko03050), oxidative phosphorylation (ko00190), mTOR signaling pathway (ko04150), fatty acid metabolism (ko01212), and fatty acid degradation (ko00071). The comprehensive results suggested that L. vannamei mainly regulates gene expression in response to low temperatures through hypermethylation or demethylation of some genes involved in thermogenesis, glycolysis, the autophagy pathway, the peroxisome, and drug metabolism pathways. These results provide important clues for studying DNA methylation patterns and identifying cold tolerance genes in shrimp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Zhu
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Chunling Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qingyun Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Min Peng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qiangyong Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Huanling Wang
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiuli Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Pengfei Feng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Tiancong Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Digang Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang R, Hu M, Chen HN, Wang X, Xia Z, Liu Y, Wang R, Xia X, Shu Y, Du D, Meng W, Qi S, Li Y, Xu H, Zhou ZG, Dai L. Phenotypic heterogeneity analysis of APC-mutant colon cancer by proteomics and phosphoproteomics identifies RAI14 as a key prognostic determinant in East Asians and Westerners. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100532. [PMID: 36934880 PMCID: PMC10148045 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is an important tumor suppressor and is mostly linked to the regulation of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. APC mutation has been identified as an early event in more than 80% of sporadic colorectal cancers (CRCs). Moreover, prognostic differences are observed in CRC patients with APC mutations. Although previous genomics studies have investigated the roles of concomitant gene mutations in determining the phenotypic heterogeneity of APC-mutant tumors, valuable prognostic determinants for APC-mutant CRC patients are still lacking. Based on the proteome and phosphoproteome data, we classified APC-mutant colon cancer patients and revealed genomic, proteomic and phosphoproteomic heterogeneity in APC-mutant tumors. More importantly, we identified RAI14 as a key prognostic determinant for APC-mutant but not APC-wildtype colon cancer patients. The heterogeneity and the significance of prognostic biomarkers in APC-mutant tumors were further validated in the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) colon cancer cohort. In addition, we found that colon cancer patients with high expression of RAI14 were less responsive to chemotherapy. Knockdown of RAI14 in cell lines led to reduced cell migration and changes in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers. Mechanistically, knockdown of RAI14 remodeled the phosphoproteome associated with cell adhesion, which might affect EMT marker expression and promote F-actin degradation. Collectively, this work describes the phenotypic heterogeneity of APC-mutant tumors and identifies RAI14 as an important prognostic determinant for APC-mutant colon cancer patients. The prognostic utility of RAI14 in APC-mutant colon cancer will provide early warning and increase the chance of successful treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rou Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and General Practice Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Meng Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and General Practice Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hai-Ning Chen
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiuxuan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and General Practice Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhili Xia
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yu Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and General Practice Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rui Wang
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, Institutes for Systems Genetics; Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuyang Xia
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and General Practice Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yang Shu
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dan Du
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, Institutes for Systems Genetics; Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wenbo Meng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shiqian Qi
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and General Practice Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Heng Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and General Practice Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zong-Guang Zhou
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and General Practice Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim SJ, Woo Y, Kim HJ, Goo BS, Nhung TTM, Lee SA, Suh BK, Mun DJ, Kim JH, Park SK. Retinoic acid-induced protein 14 controls dendritic spine dynamics associated with depressive-like behaviors. eLife 2022; 11:77755. [PMID: 35467532 PMCID: PMC9068211 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic spines are the central postsynaptic machinery that determines synaptic function. The F-actin within dendritic spines regulates their dynamic formation and elimination. Rai14 is an F-actin-regulating protein with a membrane-shaping function. Here, we identified the roles of Rai14 for the regulation of dendritic spine dynamics associated with stress-induced depressive-like behaviors. Rai14-deficient neurons exhibit reduced dendritic spine density in the Rai14+/- mouse brain, resulting in impaired functional synaptic activity. Rai14 was protected from degradation by complex formation with Tara, and accumulated in the dendritic spine neck, thereby enhancing spine maintenance. Concurrently, Rai14 deficiency in mice altered gene expression profile relevant to depressive conditions and increased depressive-like behaviors. Moreover, Rai14 expression was reduced in the prefrontal cortex of the mouse stress model, which was blocked by antidepressant treatment. Thus, we propose that Rai14-dependent regulation of dendritic spines may underlie the plastic changes of neuronal connections relevant to depressive-like behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jeong Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsik Woo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Seong Goo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Truong Thi My Nhung
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol-Ae Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Kyoung Suh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jin Mun
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung-Hun Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ki Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cysteine-Rich LIM-Only Protein 4 (CRP4) Promotes Atherogenesis in the ApoE -/- Mouse Model. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081364. [PMID: 35456043 PMCID: PMC9032522 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) can switch from their contractile state to a synthetic phenotype resulting in high migratory and proliferative capacity and driving atherosclerotic lesion formation. The cysteine-rich LIM-only protein 4 (CRP4) reportedly modulates VSM-like transcriptional signatures, which are perturbed in VSMCs undergoing phenotypic switching. Thus, we hypothesized that CRP4 contributes to adverse VSMC behaviours and thereby to atherogenesis in vivo. The atherogenic properties of CRP4 were investigated in plaque-prone apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and CRP4 double-knockout (dKO) as well as ApoE-deficient CRP4 wildtype mice. dKO mice exhibited lower plaque numbers and lesion areas as well as a reduced content of α-smooth muscle actin positive cells in the lesion area, while lesion-associated cell proliferation was elevated in vessels lacking CRP4. Reduced plaque volumes in dKO correlated with significantly less intra-plaque oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), presumably due to upregulation of the antioxidant factor peroxiredoxin-4 (PRDX4). This study identifies CRP4 as a novel pro-atherogenic factor that facilitates plaque oxLDL deposition and identifies the invasion of atherosclerotic lesions by VSMCs as important determinants of plaque vulnerability. Thus, targeting of VSMC CRP4 should be considered in plaque-stabilizing pharmacological strategies.
Collapse
|
7
|
Cui R, Zhao T, Bai C, Ji N, Hua J, Ren L, Li Y. High Expression of RAI14 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Participates in Immune Recruitment and Implies Poor Prognosis Through Bioinformatics Analyses. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:809454. [PMID: 35431930 PMCID: PMC9010950 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.809454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of current research is to explore the function of retinoic acid-induced protein 14 (RAI14), being a reciprocal protein of carboxypeptidase N1 (CPN1), and as a biomarker for prognosis and immunoregulatory effects in breast cancers. Methods: Interacting proteins of CPN1 were characterized by co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) and mass spectrometry. We evaluated RAI14 expression and related clinical prognosis based on bioinformatics methods. The level of relevance between RAI14 and infiltrating immune cells biomarkers was investigated by using TIMER and certificated by immunohistochemical staining and cytology experiments. Results: RAI14 is an interacting protein of CPN1. Higher RAI14 expression in TNBC was significantly correlated with poor prognosis in TNBC, especially (RFS: HR = 1.32, p = 0.015; DFS: HR = 1.18, p = 0.035). The estrogen receptor (ER), P53 status, and histological types and triple-negative status were observed and correlated with RAI14 expression. Moreover, the level of RAI14 was positive in relation with the expression of CD163 (M2 macrophages marker, r = 0.393, p = 1.89e-06) and PD-1 (T-cell exhaustion marker, r = 0.626, p = 4.82e-03), indicating RAI14 levels were mainly related to M2 macrophages and T-cell exhaustion infiltration in TNBC. Furthermore, CPN1 overexpression was accompanied by RAI14 and PD-L1 upregulation, and a correlation was found among them. Conclusions: RAI14 is a potential downstream molecule of CPN1, which may be a potential prognostic biomarker and identification of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Li Ren
- *Correspondence: Li Ren, ; Yueguo Li,
| | - Yueguo Li
- *Correspondence: Li Ren, ; Yueguo Li,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu Y, Wang T, Zhao Z, Liu S, Shen C, Li H, Liu M, Zheng B, Yu J, Huang X. Retinoic Acid Induced Protein 14 ( Rai14) is dispensable for mouse spermatogenesis. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10847. [PMID: 33643708 PMCID: PMC7899019 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Retinoic Acid Induced Protein 14 (Rai14) is an evolutionarily conserved gene that is highly expressed in the testis. Previous experiments have reported that small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated gene knockdown (KD) of Rai14 in rat testis disrupted spermatid polarity and transport. Of note, a gene knockout (KO) model is considered the “gold standard” for in vivo assessment of crucial gene functions. Herein, we used CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing to investigate the in vivo role of Rai14 in mouse testis. Methods Sperm concentration and motility were assayed using a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system. Histological and immunofluorescence (IF) staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to visualize the effects of Rai14 KO in the testes and epididymides. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) was used to determine apoptotic cells. Gene transcript levels were calculated by real-time quantitative PCR. Results Rai14 KO in mice depicted normal fertility and complete spermatogenesis, which is in sharp contrast with the results reported previously in a Rai14 KD rat model. Sperm parameters and cellular apoptosis did not appear to differ between wild-type (WT) and KO group. Mechanistically, in contrast to the well-known role of Rai14 in modulating the dynamics of F-actin at the ectoplasmic specialization (ES) junction in the testis, morphological changes of ES junction exhibited no differences between Rai14 KO and WT testes. Moreover, the F-actin surrounded at the ES junction was also comparable between the two groups. Conclusion In summary, our study demonstrates that Rai14 is dispensable for mouse spermatogenesis and fertility. Although the results of this study were negative, the phenotypic information obtained herein provide an enhanced understanding of the role of Rai14 in the testis, and researchers may refer to these results to avoid conducting redundant experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zigao Zhao
- Yunnan Institute of Population and Family Planning Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cong Shen
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mingxi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gu M, Zheng W, Zhang M, Dong X, Zhao Y, Wang S, Jiang H, Liu L, Zheng X. Downregulation of RAI14 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells. J Cancer 2019; 10:6341-6348. [PMID: 31772666 PMCID: PMC6856746 DOI: 10.7150/jca.34910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid-induced 14 (RAI14) is involved in the development of different tumor types, however, its expression and biological function in breast cancer are yet unknown. In the current study, we demonstrated that RAI14 was highly expressed in breast cancer. The high expression of RAI14 is positively correlated with the malignant progression of breast cancer and suggests a worse prognosis. Further, we found that knockdown RAI14 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by regulating cell cycle and EMT through Akt/Cyclin D1, MMP2, MMP9 and ZEB1/E-cadhrin/Vimentin pathway. These findings revealed a novel function for RAI14 in breast cancer progression and suggest that RAI14 may become a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target for breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Gu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Zheng
- Department of anesthesiology, The Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingdi Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshen Dong
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China.,Lab 1, Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wolf D, Hofbrucker-MacKenzie SA, Izadi M, Seemann E, Steiniger F, Schwintzer L, Koch D, Kessels MM, Qualmann B. Ankyrin repeat-containing N-Ank proteins shape cellular membranes. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:1191-1205. [PMID: 31548610 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0381-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cells of multicellular organisms need to adopt specific morphologies. However, the molecular mechanisms bringing about membrane topology changes are far from understood-mainly because knowledge of membrane-shaping proteins that can promote local membrane curvatures is still limited. Our analyses unveiled that several members of a large, previously unrecognised protein family, which we termed N-Ank proteins, use a combination of their ankyrin repeat array and an amino (N)-terminal amphipathic helix to bind and shape membranes. Consistently, functional analyses revealed that the N-Ank protein ankycorbin (NORPEG/RAI14), which was exemplarily characterised further, plays an important, ankyrin repeat-based and N-terminal amphipathic helix-dependent role in early morphogenesis of neurons. This function furthermore required coiled coil-mediated self-assembly and manifested as ankycorbin nanodomains marked by protrusive membrane topologies. In summary, here, we unveil a class of powerful membrane shapers and thereby assign mechanistic and cell biological functions to the N-Ank protein superfamily.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Wolf
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Maryam Izadi
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Eric Seemann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Frank Steiniger
- Electron Microscopy Centre, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Lukas Schwintzer
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Dennis Koch
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Manfred Kessels
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
| | - Britta Qualmann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shen X, Zhang J, Zhang X, Wang Y, Hu Y, Guo J. Retinoic Acid-Induced Protein 14 (RAI14) Promotes mTOR-Mediated Inflammation Under Inflammatory Stress and Chemical Hypoxia in a U87 Glioblastoma Cell Line. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2018; 39:241-254. [PMID: 30554401 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-018-0644-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid-induced 14 is a developmentally regulated gene induced by retinoic acid and is closely associated with NIK/NF-κB signaling. In the present study, we examined the effect of RAI14 on mTOR-mediated glial inflammation in response to inflammatory factors and chemical ischemia. A U87 cell model of LPS- and TNF-α-induced inflammation was used to investigate the role of RAI14 in glial inflammation. U87 cells were treated with siR-RAI14 or everolimus to detect the correlation between mTOR, RAI14, and NF-κB. CoCl2-stimulated U87 cells were used to analyze the effect of RAI14 on mTOR-mediated NF-κB inflammatory signaling under chemical hypoxia. LPS and TNF-α stimulation resulted in the upregulation of RAI14 mRNA and protein levels in a dose- and time-dependent manner. RAI14 knockdown significantly attenuated the level of pro-inflammatory cytokine via inhibiting the IKK/NF-κB pathway. Treatment with an mTOR inhibitor (everolimus) ameliorated NF-κB activity and IKKα/β phosphorylation via RAI14 signaling. Notably, RAI14 also enhanced mTOR-mediated NF-κB activation under conditions of chemical hypoxia. These findings provide significant insight into the role of RAI14 in mTOR-induced glial inflammation, which is closely associated with infection and ischemia stimuli. Thus, RAI14 may be a potential drug target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- XiaoGang Shen
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - JiaRui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - XiaoLong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - YiFan Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - YunFeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen C, Maimaiti A, Zhang X, Qu H, Sun Q, He Q, Yu W. Knockdown of RAI14 suppresses the progression of gastric cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:6693-6703. [PMID: 30349303 PMCID: PMC6186306 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s175502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Retinoic acid induced 14 (RAI14), also known as NORPEG, is reported as being deregulated in non-small-cell lung cancer, together with having involvement in its cell proliferation as a super enhancer related gene. Purpose The objective of this study was to investigate the role of RAI14 in the progression and metastasis of gastric cancer and explore the associated mechanism. Materials and methods GEPIA database was used to analyze the expression of RAI14 in gastric cancer. MNK45 and AGS cells were transfected with siRNA-RAI14 to block the expression of RAI14. Cell Counting Kit 8 and colony formation assays were performed to measure cell proliferation. Cell migration and invasion capacities was examined by transwell assay. Apoptosis rate was detected using flow cytometry, and the protein levels of apoptosis-related proteins was determined using Western blot assay. Reverse-transcription PCR assay was used to detect the expressions of RAB31. Results Gene expression profiling interactive analysis revealed that RAI14 was substantially upregu-lated in gastric cancer and higher expression of RAI14 was associated with worse prognosis. We also observed that the knockdown of RAI14 by siRNA-RAI14 transfection suppressed growth capacity of MKN45 and AGS cells. Also, RAI14 knockdown inhibited migration and invasion of MKN45 and AGS cells in vitro. Moreover, RAI14 knockdown was observed to accelerate cell apoptosis via down-regulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax in MKN45 and AGS cells. Furthermore, downregulation of RAI14 inhibited the activation of Akt pathway, and activation of Akt by IGF-1 could restore the reduced proliferation induced by RAI14 knockdown. In addition, we found that RAI14 had a positive correlation with the RAB31 in gastric cancer by GEPIA reverse-transcription PCR and Western blot assays, and the reduced proliferation caused by RAI14 knockdown was restored by RAB31. Conclusion RAI14 knockdown inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion and promoted apoptosis by downregulating the Akt pathway in gastric cancer cells, and RAB31 might be a downstream target gene of RAI14, providing a novel sight into the molecular mechanism of RAI14 and a potential target for gastric cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China,
| | - Aihemaiti Maimaiti
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China,
| | - Hui Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China,
| | - Qilong Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China,
| | - Qingsi He
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wenbin Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
A Cell Junctional Protein Network Associated with Connexin-26. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092535. [PMID: 30150563 PMCID: PMC6163694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
GJB2 mutations are the leading cause of non-syndromic inherited hearing loss. GJB2 encodes connexin-26 (CX26), which is a connexin (CX) family protein expressed in cochlea, skin, liver, and brain, displaying short cytoplasmic N-termini and C-termini. We searched for CX26 C-terminus binding partners by affinity capture and identified 12 unique proteins associated with cell junctions or cytoskeleton (CGN, DAAM1, FLNB, GAPDH, HOMER2, MAP7, MAPRE2 (EB2), JUP, PTK2B, RAI14, TJP1, and VCL) by using mass spectrometry. We show that, similar to other CX family members, CX26 co-fractionates with TJP1, VCL, and EB2 (EB1 paralogue) as well as the membrane-associated protein ASS1. The adaptor protein CGN (cingulin) co-immuno-precipitates with CX26, ASS1, and TJP1. In addition, CGN co-immunoprecipitation with CX30, CX31, and CX43 indicates that CX association is independent on the CX C-terminus length or sequence. CX26, CGN, FLNB, and DAMM1 were shown to distribute to the organ of Corti and hepatocyte plasma membrane. In the mouse liver, CX26 and TJP1 co-localized at the plasma membrane. In conclusion, CX26 associates with components of other membrane junctions that integrate with the cytoskeleton.
Collapse
|
14
|
He XY, Zhao J, Chen ZQ, Jin R, Liu CY. High Expression of Retinoic Acid Induced 14 (RAI14) in Gastric Cancer and Its Prognostic Value. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:2244-2251. [PMID: 29654694 PMCID: PMC5912095 DOI: 10.12659/msm.910133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To explore the expression level of retinoic acid induced 14 (RAI14) in gastric cancer (GC) patients and its potentially clinical prognostic value. Material/Methods Initially, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Oncomine databases were mined to examine the differential expression levels and clinical prognostic significance of RAI14 mRNA in GC patients. Subsequently, 68 cases of GC and paired adjacent normal tissues were collected retrospectively, and the expression level of RAI14 protein was detected by immunohistochemical staining. In addition, Kaplan-Meier univariate and Cox multivariate survival analyses were used to verify the correlation between RAI14 expression and clinicopathological parameters in GC patients and its clinical prognostic significance. Results TCGA and GEO (from Oncomine database) data mining results found that RAI14 mRNA level was remarkably higher in GC than normal gastric tissues (All P<0.05). Besides, immunohistochemical results detected that RAI14 protein level in GC was dramatically higher (P=0.004) compared to that in the matched normal tissues. Moreover, TCGA database and Kaplan-Meier Plotter mining results showed that compared to those with RAI14 low mRNA expression levels, GC patients with RAI14 high mRNA expression levels had remarkably lower time of both overall survival and disease-free survival (All P<0.05). Additionally, based on the immunohistochemical results, Kaplan-Meier univariate and Cox multivariate survival analyses indicated that high expression of RAI14 was the only independent predictor of unfavorable prognosis in patients with gastric cancer (P=0.000). Conclusions RAI14 was highly expressed in GC, and the high expression of RAI14 could be an independent predictor of poor prognosis in GC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yang He
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland).,Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Zhi-Qiang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Rong Jin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Cheng-Ye Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
PPIP5K1 interacts with the exocyst complex through a C-terminal intrinsically disordered domain and regulates cell motility. Cell Signal 2016; 28:401-411. [PMID: 26854614 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cellular signaling involves coordinated regulation of many events. Scaffolding proteins are crucial regulators of cellular signaling, because they are able to affect numerous events by coordinating specific interactions among multiple protein partners in the same pathway. Scaffolding proteins often contain intrinsically disordered regions (IDR) that facilitate the formation and function of distinct protein complexes. We show that PPIP5K1 contains an unusually long and evolutionarily conserved IDR. To investigate the biological role(s) of this domain, we identified interacting proteins using affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry. Here, we report that PPIP5K1 is associated with a network of proteins that regulate vesicle-mediated transport. We further identified exocyst complex component 1 as a direct interactor with the IDR of PPIP5K1. Additionally, we report that knockdown of PPIP5K1 decreases motility of HeLa cells in a wound-healing assay. These results suggest that PPIP5K1 might play an important role in regulating function of exocyst complex in establishing cellular polarity and directional migration of cells.
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The present review examines the role of actin binding proteins (ABPs) on blood-testis barrier (BTB), an androgen-dependent ultrastructure in the testis, in particular their involvement on BTB remodeling during spermatogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS The BTB divides the seminiferous epithelium into the basal and the adluminal compartments. The BTB is constituted by coexisting actin-based tight junction, basal ectoplasmic specialization, and gap junction, and also intermediate filament-based desmosome between Sertoli cells near the basement membrane. Junctions at the BTB undergo continuous remodeling to facilitate the transport of preleptotene spermatocytes residing in the basal compartment across the immunological barrier during spermatogenesis. Thus, meiosis I/II and postmeiotic spermatid development take place in the adluminal compartment behind the BTB. BTB remodeling also regulates exchanges of biomolecules between the two compartments. As tight junction, basal ectoplasmic specialization, and gap junction use F-actin for attachment, actin microfilaments rapidly convert between their bundled and unbundled/branched configuration to confer BTB plasticity. The events of actin reorganization are regulated by two major classes of ABPs that convert actin microfilaments between their bundled and branched/unbundled configuration. SUMMARY We provide a model on how ABPs regulate BTB remodeling, shedding new light on unexplained male infertility, such as environmental toxicant-induced reproductive dysfunction since the testis, in particular the BTB, is sensitive to environmental toxicants, such as cadmium, bisphenol A, phthalates, and PFOS (perfluorooctanesulfonic acid or perfluorooctane sulfonate).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Role of retinoic acid receptor (RAR) signaling in post-natal male germ cell differentiation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2015; 1849:84-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
18
|
Qian X, Mruk DD, Cheng YH, Cheng CY. RAI14 (retinoic acid induced protein 14) is an F-actin regulator: Lesson from the testis. SPERMATOGENESIS 2014; 3:e24824. [PMID: 23885305 PMCID: PMC3710223 DOI: 10.4161/spmg.24824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RAI14 (retinoic acid induced protein 14) is an actin-binding protein first identified in the liver. In the testis, RAI14 is expressed by both Sertoli and germ cells in the seminiferous epithelium. Besides binding to actin in the testis, RAI14 is also a binding protein for palladin, an actin cross-linking and bundling protein. A recent report has shown that RAI14 displays stage-specific and spatiotemporal expression at the ES [ectoplasmic specialization, a testis-specific filamentous (F)-actin-rich adherens junction] in the seminiferous epithelium of adult rat testes during the epithelial cycle of spermatogenesis, illustrating its likely involvement in F-actin organization at the ES. Functional studies in which RAI14 was knocked down by RNAi in Sertoli cells in vitro and also in testicular cells in vivo have illustrated its role in conferring the integrity of actin filament bundles at the ES, perturbing the Sertoli cell tight junction (TJ)-pemeability barrier function in vitro, and also spermatid polarity and adhesion in vivo, thereby regulating spermatid transport at spermiation. Herein, we critically evaluate these earlier findings and also provide a likely hypothetic model based on the functional role of RAI14 at the ES, and how RAI14 is working with palladin and other actin regulatory proteins in the testis to regulate the transport of (1) spermatids and (2) preleptotene spermatocytes across the seminiferous epithelium and the blood-testis barrier (BTB), respectively, during spermatogenesis. This model should serve as a framework upon which functional experiments can be designed to better understand the biology of RAI14 and other actin-binding and regulatory proteins in the testis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Qian
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research; Center for Biomedical Research; Population Council; New York NY USA ; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology; School of Basic Medicine; Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Qian X, Mruk DD, Cheng CY. Rai14 (retinoic acid induced protein 14) is involved in regulating f-actin dynamics at the ectoplasmic specialization in the rat testis*. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60656. [PMID: 23565266 PMCID: PMC3614988 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Rai14 (retinoic acid induced protein 14) is an actin binding protein first identified in the liver, highly expressed in the placenta, the testis, and the eye. In the course of studying actin binding proteins that regulate the organization of actin filament bundles in the ectoplasmic specialization (ES), a testis-specific actin-rich adherens junction (AJ) type, Rai14 was shown to be one of the regulatory proteins at the ES. In the rat testis, Rai14 was found to be expressed by Sertoli and germ cells, structurally associated with actin and an actin cross-linking protein palladin. Its expression was the highest at the ES in the seminiferous epithelium of adult rat testes, most notably at the apical ES at the Sertoli-spermatid interface, and expressed stage-specifically during the epithelial cycle in stage VII-VIII tubules. However, Rai14 was also found at the basal ES near the basement membrane, associated with the blood-testis barrier (BTB) in stage VIII-IX tubules. A knockdown of Rai14 in Sertoli cells cultured in vitro by RNAi was found to perturb the Sertoli cell tight junction-permeability function in vitro, mediated by a disruption of F-actin, which in turn led to protein mis-localization at the Sertoli cell BTB. When Rai14 in the testis in vivo was knockdown by RNAi, defects in spermatid polarity and adhesion, as well as spermatid transport were noted mediated via changes in F-actin organization and mis-localization of proteins at the apical ES. In short, Rai14 is involved in the re-organization of actin filaments in Sertoli cells during the epithelial cycle, participating in conferring spermatid polarity and cell adhesion in the testis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Qian
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dolores D. Mruk
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - C. Yan Cheng
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dutertre M, Lacroix-Triki M, Driouch K, de la Grange P, Gratadou L, Beck S, Millevoi S, Tazi J, Lidereau R, Vagner S, Auboeuf D. Exon-based clustering of murine breast tumor transcriptomes reveals alternative exons whose expression is associated with metastasis. Cancer Res 2010; 70:896-905. [PMID: 20103641 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-2703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the field of bioinformatics, exon profiling is a developing area of disease-associated transcriptome analysis. In this study, we performed a microarray-based transcriptome analysis at the single exon level in mouse 4T1 primary mammary tumors with different metastatic capabilities. A novel bioinformatics platform was developed that identified 679 genes with differentially expressed exons in 4T1 tumors, many of which were involved in cell morphology and movement. Of 152 alternative exons tested by reverse transcription-PCR, 97 were validated as differentially expressed in primary tumors with different metastatic capability. This analysis revealed candidate progression genes, hinting at variations in protein functions by alternate exon usage. In a parallel effort, we developed a novel exon-based clustering analysis and identified alternative exons in tumor transcriptomes that were associated with dissemination of primary tumor cells to sites of pulmonary metastasis. This analysis also revealed that the splicing events identified by comparing primary tumors were not aberrant events. Lastly, we found that a subset of differentially spliced variant transcripts identified in the murine model was associated with poor prognosis in a large clinical cohort of patients with breast cancer. Our findings illustrate the utility of exon profiling to define novel theranostic markers for study in cancer progression and metastasis.
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen WQ, Siegel N, Li L, Pollak A, Hengstschläger M, Lubec G. Variations of Protein Levels in Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells CD117/2 Over Passages 5−25. J Proteome Res 2009; 8:5285-95. [DOI: 10.1021/pr900630s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qiang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18, 1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicol Siegel
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18, 1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18, 1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Arnold Pollak
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18, 1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Hengstschläger
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18, 1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gert Lubec
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18, 1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Vernet N, Dennefeld C, Klopfenstein M, Ruiz A, Bok D, Ghyselinck NB, Mark M. Retinoid X receptor beta (RXRB) expression in Sertoli cells controls cholesterol homeostasis and spermiation. Reproduction 2008; 136:619-26. [PMID: 18713813 DOI: 10.1530/rep-08-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Somatic, targeted inactivation of the retinoid X receptor beta gene (Rxrb) in Sertoli cells (SC; yielding Rxrb(Ser-/-) mutants) leads to failure of spermatid release, accumulation of cholesterol esters and, subsequently, testis degeneration. These abnormalities are identical, in their nature and kinetics, to those observed upon inactivating Rxrb in the whole organism, thereby demonstrating that all reproductive functions of RXRB are carried out in SC. The Rxrb(Ser-/-) testis degeneration is a consequence of a cholesterol ester cell overload occurring in SC in response to reduced ABCA1- and SCARB1-mediated cholesterol efflux. The failure of spermiation was also reported in mice lacking the retinoic acid (RA) receptor-alpha (RARA) in SC (Rara(Ser-/-) mutants) and represents, in addition, a feature of vitamin A deficiency that can be readily induced in mice lacking the lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (Lrat(-/-) mutants). Altogether, these findings support the conclusion that RXRB heterodimerized with a RA-liganded RARA transduces signals required in SC for spermatid release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Vernet
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Inserm U596, CNRS UMR7104, Illkirch F-67400, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
O'Shaughnessy PJ, Abel M, Charlton HM, Hu B, Johnston H, Baker PJ. Altered expression of genes involved in regulation of vitamin A metabolism, solute transportation, and cytoskeletal function in the androgen-insensitive tfm mouse testis. Endocrinology 2007; 148:2914-24. [PMID: 17332066 DOI: 10.1210/en.2006-1412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Androgens are essential for the development and maintenance of spermatogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms of androgen action in the testis remain unclear. To help clarify these mechanisms, gene expression was measured in testes of pubertal (20 d old), androgen-insensitive, testicular feminized (Tfm) mice and in normal controls. Using microarrays (Affymetrix chips 430A and 430B), initial data identified a large number of genes down-regulated in the Tfm testis (>4700). These genes were largely of germ cell origin, reflecting the arrest of spermatogenesis that is apparent in the 20-d-old Tfm testis. Subsequent screening in vitro and in silico of this gene set identified 20 genes of a somatic tubular origin that were significantly down-regulated in the Tfm testis and six genes that were significantly up-regulated. Altered expression of these genes was confirmed by real-time PCR, and genes down-regulated in the Tfm testis were shown to be up-regulated in testes of hypogonadal (hpg) mice treated with androgen. In a developmental study using real-time PCR most of the regulated genes showed normal expression during fetal and neonatal development and deviated from control only between 10 and 20 d. In all cases, expression was also reduced in the adult, although interpretation is more complex because of the inherent cryptorchidism in the adult Tfm mouse. Of the total number of somatic genes showing differential expression in the Tfm testis, 50% were associated with three separate groups of genes involved in regulation of vitamin A metabolism, solute transportation, and cytoskeletal function. Thus, effects of androgens on tubular function and spermatogenesis may be mediated in part through regulation of the tubular environment and control of retinoic acid concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P J O'Shaughnessy
- Division of Cell Sciences, University of Glasgow Veterinary School, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kutty RK, Samuel W, Chen S, Vijayasarathy C, Dun Y, Mysona B, Wiggert B, Smith SB. Immunofluorescence analysis of the expression of Norpeg (Rai14) in retinal Müller and ganglion cells. Neurosci Lett 2006; 404:294-8. [PMID: 16806700 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2006] [Revised: 05/31/2006] [Accepted: 06/01/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Novel retinal pigment epithelial cell gene (Norpeg, Rai14), a developmentally regulated mouse gene, encodes a protein containing six ankyrin repeats and a coiled-coil domain. The objective of the present study was to characterize the Norpeg protein and to analyze its expression in mouse retina using an antibody preparation that we developed. The approximately 110kDa Norpeg was immunoprecipitated and characterized by mass spectrometry. Primary cultures of Müller and ganglion cells isolated from the mouse retina were found to express Norpeg when analyzed by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence microscopy. Immunofluorescence analysis of normal mouse retina sections demonstrated that Norpeg is expressed in cells of the ganglion cell layer, inner nuclear layer as well as in the retinal pigment epithelium. Immunoreactivity was also evident in the radial glial (Müller) cell fibers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Krishnan Kutty
- Section on Biochemistry, Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, 7/329, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0706, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kutty RK, Chen S, Samuel W, Vijayasarathy C, Duncan T, Tsai JY, Fariss RN, Carper D, Jaworski C, Wiggert B. Cell density-dependent nuclear/cytoplasmic localization of NORPEG (RAI14) protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 345:1333-41. [PMID: 16729964 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.04.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2006] [Accepted: 04/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
NORPEG (RAI14), a developmentally regulated gene induced by retinoic acid, encodes a 980 amino acid (aa) residue protein containing six ankyrin repeats and a long coiled-coil domain [Kutty et al., J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001), pp. 2831-2840]. We have expressed aa residues 1-287 of NORPEG and used the recombinant protein to produce an anti-NORPEG polyclonal antibody. Confocal immunofluorescence analysis showed that the subcellular localization of NORPEG in retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells varies with cell density, with predominantly nuclear localization in nonconfluent cells, but a cytoplasmic localization, reminiscent of cytoskeleton, in confluent cultures. Interestingly, an evolutionarily conserved putative monopartite nuclear localization signal (P(270)KKRKAP(276)) was identified by analyzing the sequences of NORPEG and its orthologs. GFP-NORPEG (2-287 aa), a fusion protein containing this signal, was indeed localized to nuclei when expressed in ARPE-19 or COS-7 cells. Deletion and mutation analysis indicated that the identified nuclear localization sequence is indispensable for nuclear targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Krishnan Kutty
- Section on Biochemistry, Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hahn Y, Bera TK, Pastan IH, Lee B. Duplication and extensive remodeling shaped POTE family genes encoding proteins containing ankyrin repeat and coiled coil domains. Gene 2005; 366:238-45. [PMID: 16364570 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2005.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2005] [Revised: 07/12/2005] [Accepted: 07/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The POTE family genes encode a highly homologous group of primate-specific proteins that contain ankyrin repeats and coiled coil domains. At least 13 paralogous POTE family genes are found on 8 human chromosomes (2, 8, 13, 14, 15, 18, 21 and 22), which can be sorted into 3 groups based on sequence similarity. We identified by a database search a group of additional human ankyrin repeat domain proteins, of which ANKRD26 and ANKRD30A are the best characterized; these are more distant homologs of POTE family proteins. A comprehensive comparison of the genomic organization indicates that ANKRD26 has the genomic structure of the possible ancestor of ANKRD30A and all POTE family genes. Extensive remodeling involving segmental loss and internal duplication appears to have reshaped the ANKRD30A and POTE family genes after the primal duplication of the ancestor gene. We also identified a mouse homolog of human ANKRD26, but failed to find a mouse homolog that bears the structural characteristics of any of the POTE family of proteins. The mouse Ankrd26 may serve as a useful model for the study of the function of human ANKRD26, ANKRD30A and POTE family proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoonsoo Hahn
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 37, MSC 4264, 37 Convent Drive Room 5120A, Bethesda, MD 20892-4264, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yuan W, Zheng Y, Huo R, Lu L, Huang XY, Yin LL, Li JM, Zhou ZM, Sha JH. Expression of a novel alternative transcript of the novel retinal pigment epithelial cell gene NORPEG in human testes. Asian J Androl 2005; 7:277-88. [PMID: 16110356 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7262.2005.00040.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To identify a novel alternative transcript of the novel retinal pigment epithelial cell gene (NORPEG) expressed in the human testis. METHODS A human testis cDNA microarray was established and hybridized with cDNA probes from human fetal testes, adult testes and human spermatozoa. Differentially expressed clones were sequenced and analyzed. One of these clones was a short transcript of NORPEG which we proceeded to analyze by RT-PCR. RESULTS The novel short alternative transcript of NORPEG was isolated and named sNORPEG. It was 3486 bp in length and contained a 2952-bp open reading frame, encoding a 110.4-kDa protein of 983 amino acids. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that the sNORPEG protein contains six ankyrin repeats and two coiled-coil domains. It shares a high homology with the NORPEG and ankycorbin proteins in both its sequence and motifs. Blasting the human genome database localized sNORPEG to human chromosome 5p13.2-13.3. Expression profiles showed that sNORPEG was expressed in human fetal testes, adult testes and spermatozoa. Moreover, sNORPEG was found to be ubiquitously expressed in human tissues. CONCLUSION sNORPEG is expressed in different developmental stages of the testis and encodes a protein that may have roles in human testis development and spermatogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wa Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|