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Eum D, Kim HJ. Intubation aids in hyperangulated videolaryngoscopy: essential components more than just adjuncts: a reply. Anaesthesia 2024; 79:660-661. [PMID: 38419353 DOI: 10.1111/anae.16262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- D Eum
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Eum D, Ji YJ, Kim HJ. Comparison of the success rate of tracheal intubation between stylet and bougie with a hyperangulated videolaryngoscope: a randomised controlled trial. Anaesthesia 2024; 79:603-610. [PMID: 38114306 DOI: 10.1111/anae.16202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Hyperangulated videolaryngoscopes are known to increase the success rate of tracheal intubation in the setting of difficult airway management when used with a stylet or bougie. However, there is controversy over which adjunct is more useful. This randomised study aimed to compare first attempt tracheal intubation success rate between a stylet and bougie when using a hyperangulated videolaryngoscope. We recruited patients aged > 20 years who were scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia and required tracheal intubation. We only included patients with factors predicting difficult tracheal intubation based on pre-anaesthesia airway evaluation. Tracheal intubation was attempted using a Glidescope® with either a stylet or bougie as an adjunct according to group assignment. Primary outcome was the success rate of the first tracheal intubation attempt, and secondary outcomes were success of second and third attempts; tracheal intubation time; and occurrence of sore throat, dysphagia or hoarseness. A total of 166 patients were included. The success rate of the first tracheal intubation attempt was significantly higher in patients allocated to the bougie group compared with those allocated to the stylet group (81/83 (98%) vs. 73/83 (88%), respectively; p = 0.032). The number of patients who needed two attempts was significantly lower in those allocated to the bougie group compared with those allocated to the stylet group (1/83 (1%) vs. 9/83 (11%), respectively; p = 0.018). Each group had one patient (1%) where tracheal intubation was achieved after a third attempt. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of sore throat, dysphagia and hoarseness between the two groups. When difficult tracheal intubation is anticipated and a hyperangulated videolaryngoscope is used, the success rate of the first attempt is higher when a bougie is used compared with a stylet.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Eum
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y J Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim HJ, Jeong WG, Lee JY, Lee HJ, Lee BC, Lim HS, Kim YH. Pretreatment Interstitial Lung Abnormalities Detected on Abdominal Computed Tomography Scans in Prostate Cancer Patients. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2024; 48:406-414. [PMID: 38271539 DOI: 10.1097/rct.0000000000001571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prostate cancer and interstitial lung abnormality (ILA) share similar risk factor, which is men and older age. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of pretreatment ILA among prostate cancer patients who underwent abdominal computed tomography (CT) within 1 year at their first visit to the urology department. In addition, we aimed to assess the association between pretreatment ILA and long-term survival in prostate cancer patients. METHODS This study was conducted in patients who had a first visit for prostate cancer at urology department between 2005 and 2016 and underwent an abdominal CT within 1 year. A thoracic radiologist evaluated the presence of ILA through inspecting the lung base scanned on an abdominal CT. The association between pretreatment ILA and survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test. Specific survival rates at 12, 36, and 60 months according to the presence of ILA were evaluated using z -test. Cox regression analysis was used to assess the risk factors of mortality. RESULTS A total of 173 patients were included (mean age, 70.23 ± 7.98 years). Pretreatment ILA was observed in 10.4% of patients. Patients with ILA were more likely to be older and current smokers. Pretreatment ILA was associated with poor survival ( P < 0.001). Age ≥70 years (hazards ratio [HR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24-3.16; P = 0.004), metastatic stage (HR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.36-3.74; P = 0.002), and ILA (HR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.06-3.60; P = 0.031) were the independent risk factors of mortality. An ILA (HR, 3.94; 95% CI, 1.78-8.72; P = 0.001) was the only independent risk factor of mortality in localized stage prostate cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS This study provides important insights into the unexplored effect of pretreatment ILA in prostate cancer patients. Pretreatment ILAs were observed considerably in the lung bases scanned on the abdominal CT scans among prostate cancer patients. Furthermore, pretreatment ILAs were the risk factor of mortality. Therefore, lung bases should be routinely inspected in the abdominal CT scans of prostate cancer patients. This result may help clinicians in establishing personalized management strategy of prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Kim
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School
| | | | | | - Hyo-Jae Lee
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School
| | | | | | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School
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Park I, Kim HJ, Shin J, Jung YJ, Lee D, Lim J, Park JM, Park JW, Kim J. AFM Imaging Reveals MicroRNA-132 to be a Positive Regulator of Synaptic Functions. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2306630. [PMID: 38493494 PMCID: PMC11077659 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The modification of synaptic and neural connections in adults, including the formation and removal of synapses, depends on activity-dependent synaptic and structural plasticity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating these changes by targeting specific genes and regulating their expression. The fact that somatic and dendritic activity in neurons often occurs asynchronously highlights the need for spatial and dynamic regulation of protein synthesis in specific milieu and cellular loci. MicroRNAs, which can show distinct patterns of enrichment, help to establish the localized distribution of plasticity-related proteins. The recent study using atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale imaging reveals that the abundance of miRNA(miR)-134 is inversely correlated with the functional activity of dendritic spine structures. However, the miRNAs that are selectively upregulated in potentiated synapses, and which can thereby support prospective changes in synaptic efficacy, remain largely unknown. Using AFM force imaging, significant increases in miR-132 in the dendritic regions abutting functionally-active spines is discovered. This study provides evidence for miR-132 as a novel positive miRNA regulator residing in dendritic shafts, and also suggests that activity-dependent miRNAs localized in distinct sub-compartments of neurons play bi-directional roles in controlling synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikbum Park
- Technical Support Center for Chemical IndustryKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44412Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Life SciencesPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoung Shin
- Department of Life SciencesPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Jung
- Center for Specialty ChemicalsKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44412Republic of Korea
| | - Donggyu Lee
- Division of Electronics and Information SystemDaegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)Daegu42988Republic of Korea
| | - Ji‐seon Lim
- Department of ChemistryPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Mok Park
- Technical Support Center for Chemical IndustryKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44412Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Won Park
- Department of ChemistryPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Joung‐Hun Kim
- Department of Life SciencesPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
- Institute of Convergence ScienceYonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea
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Lee HR, Hong SM, Cho K, Kim SH, Ko E, Lee E, Kim HJ, Jeon SY, Do SG, Kim SY. Erratum to "Potential Role of Dietary Salmon Nasal Cartilage Proteoglycan on UVB-Induced Photoaged Skin" [Biomol. Ther. 32 (2024) 249-260]. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:399. [PMID: 38684582 PMCID: PMC11063478 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2024.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hae Ran Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Min Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyohee Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Hyeok Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Naturetech, Co. Ltd, Cheonan 31257, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Yeong Jeon
- Naturetech, Co. Ltd, Cheonan 31257, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Gil Do
- Naturetech, Co. Ltd, Cheonan 31257, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
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Hong EG, Min KW, Lim JS, Ahn KJ, Ahn CW, Yu JM, Kim HS, Kim HJ, Kim W, Kim DH, Jang HC. Real-World Outcomes of Individualized Targeted Therapy with Insulin Glargine 300 Units/mL in Insulin-Naïve Korean People with Type 2 Diabetes: TOBE Study. Adv Ther 2024; 41:1967-1982. [PMID: 38512540 PMCID: PMC11052798 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-024-02830-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The TOujeo BEyond glucose control (TOBE) study evaluated clinical outcomes with insulin glargine 300 units/mL (Gla-300) in insulin-naïve Korean people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a real-world setting. METHODS This 24-week, prospective, non-interventional, multicenter, open-label, single-arm, observational study included adults aged ≥ 20 years with T2DM suboptimally controlled with oral hypoglycemic agents and/or glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists who require basal insulin. Eligible participants were assigned to either general target glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c < 7%) or individualized target groups as per physician's discretion considering guidelines and participants' characteristics. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants achieving the HbA1c target (individualized or general) at 24 weeks. RESULTS Among 369 participants, 19.5% (72/369) of participants achieved the HbA1c target at week 24; 37.5% (33/88) in the individualized and 13.9% (39/281) in the general target group. In both target groups, similar reductions in fasting plasma glucose and body weight were observed, with low incidence of hypoglycemia, and T2DM duration was significantly shorter in participants who did versus those who did not achieve the target HbA1c (individualized target group: 9.6 ± 8.0 versus 13.1 ± 8.4 years, P = 0.0454; general target group: 10.2 ± 8.6 versus 12.8 ± 7.4 years, P = 0.0378). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that initiation of insulin therapy with Gla-300 in people with T2DM using an individualized approach is more effective in achieving an HbA1c target. Moreover, earlier initiation of insulin therapy in people with suboptimally controlled T2DM may increase the success rate of glycemic control. A graphical abstract is available with this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Gyoung Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Wan Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jung Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Kyu-Jeung Ahn
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul Woo Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Myung Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Soon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Won Kim
- Medical Department, Sanofi Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Han Kim
- Medical Department, Sanofi Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hak Chul Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 82, Gumi-ro, 173-Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea.
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Kim HJ, Ham S, Shin N, Hwang JH, Oh SJ, Choi TR, Joo JC, Bhatia SK, Yang YH. Tryptophan-Based Hyperproduction of Bioindigo by Combinatorial Overexpression of Two Different Tryptophan Transporters. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:969-977. [PMID: 38213292 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2308.08039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Indigo is a valuable, natural blue dye that has been used for centuries in the textile industry. The large-scale commercial production of indigo relies on its extraction from plants and chemical synthesis. Studies are being conducted to develop methods for environment-friendly and sustainable production of indigo using genetically engineered microbes. Here, to enhance the yield of bioindigo from an E. coli whole-cell system containing tryptophanase (TnaA) and flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO), we evaluated tryptophan transporters to improve the transport of aromatic compounds, such as indole and tryptophan, which are not easily soluble and passable through cell walls. Among the three transporters, Mtr, AroP, and TnaB, AroP enhanced indigo production the most. The combination of each transporter with AroP was also evaluated, and the combination of AroP and TnaB showed the best performance compared to the single transporters and two transporters. Bioindigo production was then optimized by examining the culture medium, temperature, isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside concentration, shaking speed (rpm), and pH. The novel strain containing aroP and tnaB plasmid with tnaA and FMO produced 8.77 mM (2.3 g/l) of bioindigo after 66 h of culture. The produced bioindigo was further recovered using a simple method and used as a watercolor dye, showing good mixing with other colors and color retention for a relatively long time. This study presents an effective strategy for enhancing indigo production using a combination of transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sion Ham
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Rim Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Joo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Kim HJ, Kim HJ. [Bile Acid Diarrhea]. Korean J Gastroenterol 2024; 83:133-142. [PMID: 38659249 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2023.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Diarrhea is a very common gastrointestinal symptom, and the presence of higher concentrations of bile acid in the colon leads to bile acid diarrhea (BAD). In BAD patients, a portion of bile from the small intestine that is normally controlled by enterohepatic circulation is present at a high concentration in the lumen of the large intestine, resulting in increased motility and secretion of the large intestine. The prevalence of BAD is estimated to be 1-2% of the general population, and it comprises one-third of the instances of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. The clinical symptoms of BAD include chronic diarrhea, increased frequency of defecation, urgency to defecate, fecal incontinence, and cramping abdominal pain. The pathophysiology of BAD has not yet been fully elucidated. However, recent studies have reported increased intestinal permeability, shortened intestinal transit time, and changes in the intestinal microbial community to be the possible causes of BAD. Although fecal and serum bile acid tests are widely used for diagnosis, new test methods that are non-invasive, inexpensive, and have high sensitivity and specificity are needed at various institutions to facilitate the diagnosis. The selenium homo-tauro-cholic acid (SeHCAT) test is the gold standard for BAD diagnosis and severity assessment. The validation of several other serum markers, such as 7-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (serum 7αC4) and the fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) for use in clinical practice is ongoing. Although bile acid sequestrants are the mainstay of treatment, the development of drugs that are more effective and have better compliance is required. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonists are showing promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
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Park HJ, Kim M, Lee D, Kim HJ, Jung HW. CRISPR-Cas9 and beyond: identifying target genes for developing disease-resistant plants. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2024; 26:369-377. [PMID: 38363032 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Throughout the history of crop domestication, desirable traits have been selected in agricultural products. However, such selection often leads to crops and vegetables with weaker vitality and viability than their wild ancestors when exposed to adverse environmental conditions. Considering the increasing human population and climate change challenges, it is crucial to enhance crop quality and quantity. Accordingly, the identification and utilization of diverse genetic resources are imperative for developing disease-resistant plants that can withstand unexpected epidemics of plant diseases. In this review, we provide a brief overview of recent progress in genome-editing technologies, including zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (Cas9) technologies. In particular, we classify disease-resistant mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana and several crop plants based on the roles or functions of the mutated genes in plant immunity and suggest potential target genes for molecular breeding of genome-edited disease-resistant plants. Genome-editing technologies are resilient tools for sustainable development and promising solutions for coping with climate change and population increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Park
- Institute of Agricultural Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Center of Ecomimetics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - M Kim
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - D Lee
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - H W Jung
- Institute of Agricultural Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
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Kim HJ. Potential Predictors of Severe and Recurrent Pancreatitis in Children: A Single-Center Experience. Pediatr Emerg Care 2024; 40:302-306. [PMID: 37643350 DOI: 10.1097/pec.0000000000003036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Severe pancreatitis often requires intensive care; therefore, early detection is important. This study aimed to evaluate the possible predictors of pancreatitis severity in children. Furthermore, we evaluated the prevalence of pancreatitis recurrence and related factors. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients aged younger than 18 years who were diagnosed with acute pancreatitis between January 2017 and June 2022. Acute pancreatitis was diagnosed and classified based on the revised Atlanta criteria. RESULTS A total of 64 patients were enrolled, and severe pancreatitis was observed in 10 (15.6%) patients. Patients with severe pancreatitis were younger and had higher C-reactive protein levels than those with mild pancreatitis. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of C-reactive protein levels at admission and 48 hours after diagnosis were 0.612 (95% confidence interval, 0.379-0.844) and 0.873 (95% confidence interval, 0.537-0.983), respectively. Fourteen patients (21.9%) experienced further episodes of recurrent pancreatitis. Patients with recurrent pancreatitis were older (13.7 vs 11.4 years, P = 0.022) and prominently boys (85.7 vs 52%, P = 0.022) compared with those without recurrence. Obesity was observed in 4 (0.6%) patients, which was confirmed in all recurrence groups and was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the feasibility of C-reactive protein in the early risk assessment of patients with acute pancreatitis and highlighted the potential risk of recurrence in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Kim
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Mehta MJ, Kim HJ, Lim SB, Naito M, Miyata K. Recent Progress in the Endosomal Escape Mechanism and Chemical Structures of Polycations for Nucleic Acid Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300366. [PMID: 38226723 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapies are seeing a spiralling surge. Stimuli-responsive polymers, especially pH-responsive ones, are gaining widespread attention because of their ability to efficiently deliver nucleic acids. These polymers can be synthesized and modified according to target requirements, such as delivery sites and the nature of nucleic acids. In this regard, the endosomal escape mechanism of polymer-nucleic acid complexes (polyplexes) remains a topic of considerable interest owing to various plausible escape mechanisms. This review describes current progress in the endosomal escape mechanism of polyplexes and state-of-the-art chemical designs for pH-responsive polymers. The importance is also discussed of the acid dissociation constant (i.e., pKa) in designing the new generation of pH-responsive polymers, along with assays to monitor and quantify the endosomal escape behavior. Further, the use of machine learning is addressed in pKa prediction and polymer design to find novel chemical structures for pH responsiveness. This review will facilitate the design of new pH-responsive polymers for advanced and efficient nucleic acid delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit J Mehta
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Been Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Mitsuru Naito
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kanjiro Miyata
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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Kim SH, Kim M, Lee H, Woo S, Kim HJ, Koyanagi A, Smith L, Kim MS, Min HK, Min JY, Yon DK. Assisted reproductive techniques and subsequent risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis in offspring: a nationwide birth cohort study in South Korea. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2024; 28:2737-2749. [PMID: 38639513 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202404_35902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship between assisted reproductive techniques (ART) and the risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) is controversial. Thus, we aimed to investigate the relationship between ART and the risk of asthma and AR in a nationwide, large-scale birth cohort. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study utilized the National Health Insurance Service data in South Korea to conduct a nationwide, large-scale, population-based birth cohort. We included all infants born between 2017 and 2018. AR, asthma, food allergies, and atopic dermatitis were defined using the International Classification of Diseases tenth edition codes. Asthma was classified as allergic or non-allergic based on accompanying allergic diseases (AR, food allergy, or atopic dermatitis). Using 1:10 propensity score matching, we compared infants conceived through ART with those conceived naturally (non-ART). After matching, logistic regression was used to compare the hazard ratio for asthma and AR between the two groups. RESULTS We included 543,178 infants [male infants, 280,194 (51.38%)]. After matching, 8,925 and 74,229 infants were selected for the ART and non-ART groups, respectively. The ART group showed a decreased risk of asthma in the offspring [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 0.45; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.41-0.48]. Similarly, for AR, being conceived by ART was associated with a decreased risk of AR (aHR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.12-0.37). ART offspring showed a decreased risk of asthma and AR in offspring compared to that observed in non-ART offspring. CONCLUSIONS Our study offers important insights for clinicians, researchers, and parents regarding the health outcomes of ART-conceived infants and enhances our understanding of ART's impact on respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Oh SJ, Lee HJ, Hwang JH, Kim HJ, Shin N, Lee SH, Seo SO, Bhatia SK, Yang YH. Validating a Xylose Regulator to Increase Polyhydroxybutyrate Production for Utilizing Mixed Sugars from Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Escherichia coli. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:700-709. [PMID: 37919866 PMCID: PMC11016755 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2306.06006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production from lignocellulosic biomass is economically beneficial. Because lignocellulosic biomass is a mixture rich in glucose and xylose, Escherichia coli, which prefers glucose, needs to overcome glucose repression for efficient biosugar use. To avoid glucose repression, here, we overexpressed a xylose regulator (xylR) in an E. coli strain expressing bktB, phaB, and phaC from Cupriavidus necator and evaluated the effect of xylR on PHB production. XylR overexpression increased xylose consumption from 0% to 46.53% and produced 4.45-fold more PHB than the control strain without xylR in a 1% sugar mixture of glucose and xylose (1:1). When the xylR-overexpressed strain was applied to sugars from lignocellulosic biomass, cell growth and PHB production of the strain showed a 4.7-fold increase from the control strain, yielding 2.58 ± 0.02 g/l PHB and 4.43 ± 0.28 g/l dry cell weight in a 1% hydrolysate mixture. XylR overexpression increased the expression of xylose operon genes by up to 1.7-fold. Moreover, the effect of xylR was substantially different in various E. coli strains. Overall, the results showed the effect of xylR overexpression on PHB production in a non-native PHB producer and the possible application of xylR for xylose utilization in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Ju Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Oh Seo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Ju SH, Lim JY, Song M, Kim JM, Kang YE, Yi HS, Joung KH, Lee JH, Kim HJ, Ku BJ. Distinct effects of rosuvastatin and rosuvastatin/ezetimibe on senescence markers of CD8+ T cells in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1336357. [PMID: 38586464 PMCID: PMC10996898 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1336357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Chronic low-grade inflammation is widely recognized as a pathophysiological defect contributing to β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Statin therapy is known to ameliorate CD8+ T cell senescence, a mediator of chronic inflammation. However, the additional immunomodulatory roles of ezetimibe are not fully understood. Therefore, we investigated the effect of statin or statin/ezetimibe combination treatment on T cell senescence markers. Methods In this two-group parallel and randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 149 patients with T2DM whose low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was 100 mg/dL or higher. Patients were randomly assigned to either the rosuvastatin group (N=74) or the rosuvastatin/ezetimibe group (N=75). The immunophenotype of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and metabolic profiles were analyzed using samples from baseline and post-12 weeks of medication. Results The fractions of CD8+CD57+ (senescent CD8+ T cells) and CD4+FoxP3+ (Treg) significantly decreased after intervention in the rosuvastatin/ezetimibe group (-4.5 ± 14.1% and -1.2 ± 2.3%, respectively), while these fractions showed minimal change in the rosuvastatin group (2.8 ± 9.4% and 1.4 ± 1.5%, respectively). The degree of LDL-C reduction was correlated with an improvement in HbA1c (R=0.193, p=0.021). Changes in the CD8+CD57+ fraction positively correlated with patient age (R=0.538, p=0.026). Notably, the fraction change in senescent CD8+ T cells showed no significant relationship with changes in either HbA1c (p=0.314) or LDL-C (p=0.592). Finally, the ratio of naïve to memory CD8+ T cells increased in the rosuvastatin/ezetimibe group (p=0.011), but not in the rosuvastatin group (p=0.339). Conclusions We observed a reduction in senescent CD8+ T cells and an increase in the ratio of naive to memory CD8+ T cells with rosuvastatin/ezetimibe treatment. Our results demonstrate the immunomodulatory roles of ezetimibe in combination with statins, independent of improvements in lipid or HbA1c levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyeon Ju
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung Youl Lim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minchul Song
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Cha E, Son NH, Joung KH, Shin YA, Kim HJ, Kim H, Faulkner MS. Differences in patient-reported and clinical characteristics by age group in adults with type 2 diabetes. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38500018 DOI: 10.1111/wvn.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is growing, and the age of onset is widening, resulting in increasing numbers of young adults and elderly patients with T2D. Age-specific diabetes care needs have yet to be fully explored. AIMS This study examined (1) differences in patient-reported and clinical characteristics by age group and (2) the effect of age on two proxy measures assessing psychological health and self-care adherence after adjusting for potential mediators. METHODS A cross-sectional, correlational design was used. Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were recruited from a university hospital in Korea between 2019 and 2020. Participants were divided into four groups based on years of age (40s and younger group [n = 27]; 50s group [n = 47]; 60s group [n = 54]; and 70s and older group [n = 48]) to compare patient-reported and clinical characteristics. Chi-square tests, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and logistic regression analysis were performed to assess group differences and effect of age on psychological health and self-care adherence. RESULTS Of 178 participants, two-thirds were men (n = 114; 64.41%). The mean ages in the 40s and younger, 50s, 60s, and 70s and older groups were 39.4, 54.7, 63.9, and 76.0 years, respectively. There were significant differences in patient-reported and clinical characteristics by age group. The youngest group reported the poorest psychological health and self-care behaviors. Although the oldest group showed the poorest physical functioning, this group also showed the highest self-care adherence and the best psychological health. Regarding clinical characteristics, traditional diabetes-related blood test results showed no significant group differences. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION Age-specific diabetes care needs were identified in adults with T2D. Interventions to improve psychological health and priming effects of behavioral adherence need to be developed. Furthermore, meticulous investigation to detect potential complications early is essential in adults with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- EunSeok Cha
- College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nak-Hoon Son
- Department of Statistics, College of Natural Science, Keimyung University, Daeggu, South Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yun-A Shin
- College of Sport Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyukjin Kim
- Department of Statistics, College of Natural Science, Keimyung University, Daeggu, South Korea
| | - Melissa Spezia Faulkner
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Byrdine F. Lewis School of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Kwak D, Im Y, Nam H, Nam U, Kim S, Kim W, Kim HJ, Park J, Jeon JS. Analyzing the effects of helical flow in blood vessels using acoustofluidic-based dynamic flow generator. Acta Biomater 2024; 177:216-227. [PMID: 38253303 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The effects of helical flow in a blood vessel are investigated in a dynamic flow generator using surface acoustic wave (SAW) in the microfluidic device. The SAW, generated by an interdigital transducer (IDT), induces acoustic streaming, resulting in a stable and consistent helical flow pattern in microscale channels. This approach allows rapid development of helical flow within the channel without directly contacting the medium. The precise design of the window enables the creation of distinct unidirectional vortices, which can be controlled by adjusting the amplitude of the SAW. Within this device, optimal operational parameters of the dynamic flow generator to preserve the integrity of endothelial cells are found, and in such settings, the actin filaments within the cells are aligned to the desired state. Our findings reveal that intracellular Ca2+ concentrations vary in response to flow conditions. Specifically, comparable maximum intensity and graphical patterns were observed between low-flow rate helical flow and high-flow rate Hagen-Poiseuille flow. These suggest that the cells respond to the helical flow through mechanosensitive ion channels. Finally, adherence of monocytes is effectively reduced under helical flow conditions in an inflammatory environment, highlighting the atheroprotective role of helical flow. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Helical flow in blood vessels is well known to prevent atherosclerosis. However, despite efforts to replicate helical flow in microscale channels, there is still a lack of in vitro models which can generate helical flow for analyzing its effects on the vascular system. In this study, we developed a method for generating steady and constant helical flow in microfluidic channel using acoustofluidic techniques. By utilizing this dynamic flow generator, we were able to observe the atheroprotective aspects of helical flow in vitro, including the enhancement of calcium ion flux and reduction of monocyte adhesion. This study paves the way for an in vitro model of dynamic cell culture and offers advanced investigation into helical flow in our circulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daesik Kwak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongtaek Im
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeono Nam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ungsig Nam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunggyu Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Woohyuk Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsoo Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jessie S Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Mirnezami AH, Drami I, Glyn T, Sutton PA, Tiernan J, Behrenbruch C, Guerra G, Waters PS, Woodward N, Applin S, Charles SJ, Rose SA, Denys A, Pape E, van Ramshorst GH, Baker D, Bignall E, Blair I, Davis P, Edwards T, Jackson K, Leendertse PG, Love-Mott E, MacKenzie L, Martens F, Meredith D, Nettleton SE, Trotman MP, van Hecke JJM, Weemaes AMJ, Abecasis N, Angenete E, Aziz O, Bacalbasa N, Barton D, Baseckas G, Beggs A, Brown K, Buchwald P, Burling D, Burns E, Caycedo-Marulanda A, Chang GJ, Coyne PE, Croner RS, Daniels IR, Denost QD, Drozdov E, Eglinton T, Espín-Basany E, Evans MD, Flatmark K, Folkesson J, Frizelle FA, Gallego MA, Gil-Moreno A, Goffredo P, Griffiths B, Gwenaël F, Harris DA, Iversen LH, Kandaswamy GV, Kazi M, Kelly ME, Kokelaar R, Kusters M, Langheinrich MC, Larach T, Lydrup ML, Lyons A, Mann C, McDermott FD, Monson JRT, Neeff H, Negoi I, Ng JL, Nicolaou M, Palmer G, Parnaby C, Pellino G, Peterson AC, Quyn A, Rogers A, Rothbarth J, Abu Saadeh F, Saklani A, Sammour T, Sayyed R, Smart NJ, Smith T, Sorrentino L, Steele SR, Stitzenberg K, Taylor C, Teras J, Thanapal MR, Thorgersen E, Vasquez-Jimenez W, Waller J, Weber K, Wolthuis A, Winter DC, Brangan G, Vimalachandran D, Aalbers AGJ, Abdul Aziz N, Abraham-Nordling M, Akiyoshi T, Alahmadi R, Alberda W, Albert M, Andric M, Angeles M, Antoniou A, Armitage J, Auer R, Austin KK, Aytac E, Baker RP, Bali M, Baransi S, Bebington B, Bedford M, Bednarski BK, Beets GL, Berg PL, Bergzoll C, Biondo S, Boyle K, Bordeianou L, Brecelj E, Bremers AB, Brunner M, Bui A, Burgess A, Burger JWA, Campain N, Carvalhal S, Castro L, Ceelen W, Chan KKL, Chew MH, Chok AK, Chong P, Christensen HK, Clouston H, Collins D, Colquhoun AJ, Constantinides J, Corr A, Coscia M, Cosimelli M, Cotsoglou C, Damjanovic L, Davies M, Davies RJ, Delaney CP, de Wilt JHW, Deutsch C, Dietz D, Domingo S, Dozois EJ, Duff M, Egger E, Enrique-Navascues JM, Espín-Basany E, Eyjólfsdóttir B, Fahy M, Fearnhead NS, Fichtner-Feigl S, Fleming F, Flor B, Foskett K, Funder J, García-Granero E, García-Sabrido JL, Gargiulo M, Gava VG, Gentilini L, George ML, George V, Georgiou P, Ghosh A, Ghouti L, Giner F, Ginther N, Glover T, Golda T, Gomez CM, Harris C, Hagemans JAW, Hanchanale V, Harji DP, Helbren C, Helewa RM, Hellawell G, Heriot AG, Hochman D, Hohenberger W, Holm T, Holmström A, Hompes R, Hornung B, Hurton S, Hyun E, Ito M, Jenkins JT, Jourand K, Kaffenberger S, Kapur S, Kanemitsu Y, Kaufman M, Kelley SR, Keller DS, Kersting S, Ketelaers SHJ, Khan MS, Khaw J, Kim H, Kim HJ, Kiran R, Koh CE, Kok NFM, Kontovounisios C, Kose F, Koutra M, Kraft M, Kristensen HØ, Kumar S, Lago V, Lakkis Z, Lampe B, Larsen SG, Larson DW, Law WL, Laurberg S, Lee PJ, Limbert M, Loria A, Lynch AC, Mackintosh M, Mantyh C, Mathis KL, Margues CFS, Martinez A, Martling A, Meijerink WJHJ, Merchea A, Merkel S, Mehta AM, McArthur DR, McCormick JJ, McGrath JS, McPhee A, Maciel J, Malde S, Manfredelli S, Mikalauskas S, Modest D, Morton JR, Mullaney TG, Navarro AS, Neto JWM, Nguyen B, Nielsen MB, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP, Nilsson PJ, Nordkamp S, O’Dwyer ST, Paarnio K, Pappou E, Park J, Patsouras D, Peacock O, Pfeffer F, Piqeur F, Pinson J, Poggioli G, Proud D, Quinn M, Oliver A, Radwan RW, Rajendran N, Rao C, Rasheed S, Rasmussen PC, Rausa E, Regenbogen SE, Reims HM, Renehan A, Rintala J, Rocha R, Rochester M, Rohila J, Rottoli M, Roxburgh C, Rutten HJT, Safar B, Sagar PM, Sahai A, Schizas AMP, Schwarzkopf E, Scripcariu D, Scripcariu V, Seifert G, Selvasekar C, Shaban M, Shaikh I, Shida D, Simpson A, Skeie-Jensen T, Smart P, Smith JJ, Solbakken AM, Solomon MJ, Sørensen MM, Spasojevic M, Steffens D, Stocchi L, Stylianides NA, Swartling T, Sumrien H, Swartking T, Takala H, Tan EJ, Taylor D, Tejedor P, Tekin A, Tekkis PP, Thaysen HV, Thurairaja R, Toh EL, Tsarkov P, Tolenaar J, Tsukada Y, Tsukamoto S, Tuech JJ, Turner G, Turner WH, Tuynman JB, Valente M, van Rees J, van Zoggel D, Vásquez-Jiménez W, Verhoef C, Vierimaa M, Vizzielli G, Voogt ELK, Uehara K, Wakeman C, Warrier S, Wasmuth HH, Weiser MR, Westney OL, Wheeler JMD, Wild J, Wilson M, Yano H, Yip B, Yip J, Yoo RN, Zappa MA. The empty pelvis syndrome: a core data set from the PelvEx collaborative. Br J Surg 2024; 111:znae042. [PMID: 38456677 PMCID: PMC10921833 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znae042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Empty pelvis syndrome (EPS) is a significant source of morbidity following pelvic exenteration (PE), but is undefined. EPS outcome reporting and descriptors of radicality of PE are inconsistent; therefore, the best approaches for prevention are unknown. To facilitate future research into EPS, the aim of this study is to define a measurable core outcome set, core descriptor set and written definition for EPS. Consensus on strategies to mitigate EPS was also explored. METHOD Three-stage consensus methodology was used: longlisting with systematic review, healthcare professional event, patient engagement, and Delphi-piloting; shortlisting with two rounds of modified Delphi; and a confirmatory stage using a modified nominal group technique. This included a selection of measurement instruments, and iterative generation of a written EPS definition. RESULTS One hundred and three and 119 participants took part in the modified Delphi and consensus meetings, respectively. This encompassed international patient and healthcare professional representation with multidisciplinary input. Seventy statements were longlisted, seven core outcomes (bowel obstruction, enteroperineal fistula, chronic perineal sinus, infected pelvic collection, bowel obstruction, morbidity from reconstruction, re-intervention, and quality of life), and four core descriptors (magnitude of surgery, radiotherapy-induced damage, methods of reconstruction, and changes in volume of pelvic dead space) reached consensus-where applicable, measurement of these outcomes and descriptors was defined. A written definition for EPS was agreed. CONCLUSIONS EPS is an area of unmet research and clinical need. This study provides an agreed definition and core data set for EPS to facilitate further research.
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Kim HJ, Oh J, Lee S. Effect of Virtual Game-Based Integrated Clinical Practice Simulation Program on Undergraduate Nursing Students' Attitude Toward Learning. Comput Inform Nurs 2024; 42:218-225. [PMID: 38261420 DOI: 10.1097/cin.0000000000001105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Game-based virtual reality simulation programs can capitalize on the advantages of non-face-to-face education while effectively stimulating the interest of trainees and improving training efficiency. This study aimed to develop a game-based virtual reality simulation program for nervous system assessment and to evaluate the effects of the program on the learning attitudes of nursing students. Using a one-group pretest-posttest design, 41 senior nursing students were enrolled, and their learning attitudes (self-directed learning attitude, academic self-efficacy, flow-learning experience, and learning presence) were evaluated. The effect of the program was statistically significant in self-directed learning attitude ( t = -2.27, P = .027) and learning presence ( t = -3.07, P = .003), but the difference was not statistically significant in academic self-efficacy ( t = -1.97, P = .054) and learning flow ( t = -0.74, P = .459). The virtual gaming simulation program can be used to effectively replace field training in situations wherein field training is limited, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Kim
- Author Affiliations: College of Nursing, Hanyang University, Seoul (Dr Kim); College of Nursing, Dankook University, Cheonan (Dr Oh); and College of Nursing, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju (Dr Lee), South Korea
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Kim HS, Ha Y, Lim J, Kim HJ, Kang H, Ryu JS. The Effect of Leg Length Discrepancy on Paraspinal Muscles Activation Using Surface Electromyography. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 103:208-214. [PMID: 37602547 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000002329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to assess the effects of leg length discrepancy on paraspinal muscle activity and kinematic variables during gait. DESIGN Thirty-nine healthy participants aged 5-12 yrs performed the 10-m walk test using the surface electromyography and G-walk sensor for the following conditions: (1) non-leg length discrepancy condition (leg length discrepancy 0 cm) and (2) leg length discrepancy condition with an insole on the right leg at three different heights (leg length discrepancy 0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, and 1.5 cm). The root mean square was normalized using maximal voluntary contraction and reference voluntary contraction methods (RMS_MVC and RMS_ref) and compared between the sides. RESULTS The mean RMS_MVC of the 12th thoracic erector spinae on the right side was significantly higher at a leg length discrepancy 0.5 cm and 1 cm. Regarding the 3rd lumbar multifidus, the mean RMS_MVC on the right side was significantly higher at a leg length discrepancy 1.5 cm. The mean RMS_ref exhibited similar patterns. Pelvic obliquity and rotation showed asymmetry at a leg length discrepancy 1.5 cm compared with a leg length discrepancy 0 cm. CONCLUSIONS A small leg length discrepancy significantly affected the asymmetric hyperactivation of the 3rd lumbar multifidus and 12th thoracic erector spinae muscles during gait. Considering the action of these muscles, asymmetric hyperactivation might result in rotation and bending of the lumbar spine and the bending of the thoracolumbar spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Soo Kim
- From the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea (HSK, YH, HJK, JSR); Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, South Korea (JL); and Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (HK)
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Lee HR, Hong SM, Cho K, Kim SH, Ko E, Lee E, Kim HJ, Jeon SY, Do SG, Kim SY. Potential Role of Dietary Salmon Nasal Cartilage Proteoglycan on UVB-Induced Photoaged Skin. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:249-260. [PMID: 38355138 PMCID: PMC10902703 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2024.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
New supplements with preventive effects against skin photodamage are receiving increasing attention. This study evaluated the anti-photoaging effects of salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan (SPG), acting as a functional material for skin health. We administered SPG to in vitro and in vivo models exposed to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation and assessed its moisturizing and anti-wrinkle effects on dorsal mouse skin and keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts cell lines. These results showed that SPG restored the levels of filaggrin, involucrin, and AQP3 in the epidermis of UVB-irradiated dorsal skin and keratinocytes, thereby enhancing the keratinization process and water flow. Additionally, SPG treatment increased the levels of hyaluronan and skin ceramide, the major components of intercellular lipids in the epidermis. Furthermore, SPG treatment significantly increased the levels of collagen and procollagen type 1 by down-regulating matrix metalloproteinase 1, which play a crucial role in skin fibroblasts, in both in vitro and in vivo models. In addition, SPG strongly inhibited mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) signaling, the including extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38. These findings suggest that dietary SPG may be an attractive functional food for preventing UVB-induced photoaging. And this SPG product may provide its best benefit when treating several signs of skin photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Ran Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Min Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyohee Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Hyeok Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Naturetech, Co. Ltd, Cheonan 31257, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Yeong Jeon
- Naturetech, Co. Ltd, Cheonan 31257, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Gil Do
- Naturetech, Co. Ltd, Cheonan 31257, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
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21
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Jang J, Kim SH, Um KB, Kim HJ, Park MK. Somatodendritic organization of pacemaker activity in midbrain dopamine neurons. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 28:165-181. [PMID: 38414399 PMCID: PMC10902590 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.2.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The slow and regular pacemaking activity of midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons requires proper spatial organization of the excitable elements between the soma and dendritic compartments, but the somatodendritic organization is not clear. Here, we show that the dynamic interaction between the soma and multiple proximal dendritic compartments (PDCs) generates the slow pacemaking activity in DA neurons. In multipolar DA neurons, spontaneous action potentials (sAPs) consistently originate from the axon-bearing dendrite. However, when the axon initial segment was disabled, sAPs emerge randomly from various primary PDCs, indicating that multiple PDCs drive pacemaking. Ca2+ measurements and local stimulation/perturbation experiments suggest that the soma serves as a stably-oscillating inertial compartment, while multiple PDCs exhibit stochastic fluctuations and high excitability. Despite the stochastic and excitable nature of PDCs, their activities are balanced by the large centrally-connected inertial soma, resulting in the slow synchronized pacemaking rhythm. Furthermore, our electrophysiological experiments indicate that the soma and PDCs, with distinct characteristics, play different roles in glutamate- induced burst-pause firing patterns. Excitable PDCs mediate excitatory burst responses to glutamate, while the large inertial soma determines inhibitory pause responses to glutamate. Therefore, we could conclude that this somatodendritic organization serves as a common foundation for both pacemaker activity and evoked firing patterns in midbrain DA neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Jang
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Shin Hye Kim
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Ki Bum Um
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Myoung Kyu Park
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
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22
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Kim HJ. Utility of Pyloric Length Measurement for Detecting Severe Metabolic Alkalosis in Infants with Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2024; 27:88-94. [PMID: 38510581 PMCID: PMC10948967 DOI: 10.5223/pghn.2024.27.2.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is a common gastrointestinal disease in neonates and hypochloremia metabolic alkalosis is a typical laboratory finding in affected patients. This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of infants with IHPS and evaluate the association of clinical and laboratory parameters with ultrasonographic findings. Methods Infants diagnosed with IHPS between January 2017 and July 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. Results A total of 67 patients were included in the study. The mean age at diagnosis was 40.5±19.59 days, and the mean symptom duration was 11.97±9.91 days. The mean pyloric muscle thickness and pyloric canal length were 4.87±1.05 mm and 19.6±3.46 mm, respectively. Hyponatremia and metabolic alkalosis were observed in five (7.5%) and 36 (53.7%) patients, respectively. Serum sodium (p=0.011), potassium (p=0.023), and chloride levels (p=0.015) were significantly lower in patients with high bicarbonate levels (≥30 mmol/L). Furthermore, pyloric canal length was significantly higher in patients with high bicarbonate levels (p=0.015). To assess metabolic alkalosis in IHPS patients, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of pyloric canal length was 0.910 and the optimal cutoff value of the pyloric canal length was 23.5 mm. Conclusion We found a close association between laboratory and ultrasonographic findings of IHPS. Clinicians should give special consideration to patients with pyloric lengths exceeding 23.5 mm and appropriate fluid rehydration should be given to these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
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23
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Kim ES, Choi S, Choe BH, Park S, Lee YJ, Sohn SJ, Kim SC, Kang KS, Lee K, Shim JO, Kim YB, Hong SJ, Lee YM, Kim HJ, Choi SY, Kim JY, Lee Y, Park JS, Kim JY, Yi DY, Lee JH, Choi KH, Jang HJ, Jeong IS, Kang B. Comparison of endoscopic healing and durability between infliximab originator and CT-P13 in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1284181. [PMID: 38455036 PMCID: PMC10917915 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1284181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Favourable clinical data were published on the efficacy of CT-P13, the first biosimilar of infliximab (IFX), in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, few studies have compared the effect on endoscopic healing (EH) and drug retention rate between the IFX originator and CT-P13. Therefore, we aimed to compare EH and the drug retention rate between the IFX originator and CT-P13. Methods Children with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC)/IBD-unclassified (IBD-U) at 22 medical centers were enrolled, with a retrospective review conducted at 1-year and last follow-up. Clinical remission, EH and drug retention rate were evaluated. Results We studied 416 pediatric patients with IBD: 77.4% had CD and 22.6% had UC/IBD-U. Among them, 255 (61.3%) received the IFX originator and 161 (38.7%) received CT-P13. No statistically significant differences were found between the IFX originator and CT-P13 in terms of corticosteroid-free remission and adverse events. At 1-year follow-up, EH rates were comparable between them (CD: P=0.902, UC: P=0.860). The estimated cumulative cessation rates were not significantly different between the two groups. In patients with CD, the drug retention rates were 66.1% in the IFX originator and 71.6% in the CT-P13 group at the maximum follow-up period (P >0.05). In patients with UC, the drug retention rates were 49.8% in the IFX originator and 56.3% in the CT-P13 group at the maximum follow-up period (P >0.05). Conclusions The IFX originator and CT-P13 demonstrated comparable therapeutic response including EH, clinical remission, drug retention rate and safety in pediatric IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sil Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Crohn’s and Colitis Association in Daegu-Gyeongbuk (CCAiD), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Ho Choe
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Crohn’s and Colitis Association in Daegu-Gyeongbuk (CCAiD), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sowon Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Children’s Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeoun Joo Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Children’s Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Sohn
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Children’s Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Chul Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Soo Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunsong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ok Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Bin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jin Hong
- Crohn’s and Colitis Association in Daegu-Gyeongbuk (CCAiD), Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Min Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yoon Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Daejeon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Medical Center Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sook Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Yong Yi
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyuk Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hae Choi
- Crohn’s and Colitis Association in Daegu-Gyeongbuk (CCAiD), Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jeong Jang
- Crohn’s and Colitis Association in Daegu-Gyeongbuk (CCAiD), Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sook Jeong
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University, Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea
| | - Ben Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Crohn’s and Colitis Association in Daegu-Gyeongbuk (CCAiD), Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Yum J, Aulia F, Kamiya K, Hori M, Qiao N, Kim BS, Naito M, Ogura S, Nagata T, Yokota T, Uchida S, Obika S, Kim HJ, Miyata K. Hydrophobicity Tuning of Cationic Polyaspartamide Derivatives for Enhanced Antisense Oligonucleotide Delivery. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:125-131. [PMID: 38290165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Various cationic polymers are used to deliver polyplex-mediated antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs). However, few studies have investigated the structural determinants of polyplex functionalities in polymers. This study focused on the polymer hydrophobicity. A series of amphiphilic polyaspartamide derivatives possessing various hydrophobic (R) moieties together with cationic diethylenetriamine (DET) moieties in the side chain (PAsp(DET/R)s) were synthesized to optimize the R moieties (or hydrophobicity) for locked nucleic acid (LNA) gapmer ASO delivery. The gene knockdown efficiencies of PAsp(DET/R) polyplexes were plotted against a hydrophobicity parameter, logD7.3, of PAsp(DET/R), revealing that the gene knockdown efficiency was substantially improved by PAsp(DET/R) with logD7.3 higher than -2.4. This was explained by the increased polyplex stability and improved cellular uptake of ASO payloads. After intratracheal administration, the polyplex samples with a higher logD7.3 than -2.4 induced a significantly higher gene knockdown in the lung tissue compared with counterparts with lower hydrophobicity and naked ASO. These results demonstrate that the hydrophobicity of PAsp(DET/R) is crucial for efficient ASO delivery in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongmin Yum
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Nucleotide and Peptide Drug Discovery Center (TIDE Center), Institute of Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan
| | - Fadlina Aulia
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kamiya
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Mao Hori
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Nan Qiao
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Beob Soo Kim
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Naito
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Satomi Ogura
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nagata
- Nucleotide and Peptide Drug Discovery Center (TIDE Center), Institute of Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan
| | - Takanori Yokota
- Nucleotide and Peptide Drug Discovery Center (TIDE Center), Institute of Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uchida
- Department of Advanced Nanomedical Engineering, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Satoshi Obika
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Kanjiro Miyata
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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25
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Lee HJ, Cho SB, Lee JK, Kim JS, Oh CH, Kim HJ, Yoon H, Ahn HK, Kim M, Hwang YG, Kwon HY, Hwang MJ. The feasibility of MR elastography with transpelvic vibration for localization of focal prostate lesion. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3864. [PMID: 38366042 PMCID: PMC10873507 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54341-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of MR elastography (MRE) using a transpelvic approach. Thirty-one patients who underwent prostate MRE and had a pathological diagnosis were included in this study. MRE was obtained using a passive driver placed at the umbilicus and iliac crests. The shear stiffness, clinical data, and conventional imaging findings of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were compared. Inter-reader agreements were evaluated using the intraclass coefficient class (ICC). Prostate MRE was successfully performed for all patients (100% technical success rate). Nineteen cancer and 10 BPH lesions were visualized on MRE. The mean shear stiffness of cancer was significantly higher than that of BPH (5.99 ± 1.46 kPa vs. 4.67 ± 1.54 kPa, p = 0.045). One cancer was detected on MRE but not on conventional sequences. Six tiny cancer lesions were not visualized on MRE. The mean size of cancers that were not detected on MRE was smaller than that of cancers that were visible on MRE (0.8 ± 0.3 cm vs. 2.3 ± 1.8 cm, p = 0.001). The inter-reader agreement for interpreting MRE was excellent (ICC = 0.95). Prostate MRE with transpelvic vibration is feasible without intracavitary actuators. Transpelvic prostate MRE is reliable for detecting focal lesions, including clinically significant prostate cancer and BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jeong Lee
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Buem Cho
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jeong Kyong Lee
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Sil Kim
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Oh
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hana Yoon
- Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Ahn
- Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myong Kim
- Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeok Gu Hwang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Young Kwon
- Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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26
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Kim HJ, Lim YJ. Endoscopic findings and predictors of gastrointestinal lesions in children with iron deficiency anemia. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2024; 41:114-120. [PMID: 37773488 DOI: 10.1080/08880018.2023.2261986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) can be caused by occult gastrointestinal (GI) blood loss; however, the endoscopic findings in children with anemia are unclear. The study aimed to determine the frequency and factors related to lesions in children with IDA undergoing endoscopy. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and endoscopic findings of children with a laboratory-based diagnosis of IDA. Of 58 patients, 36 (62.1%) had upper GI tract lesions, with erosive gastritis being the most common lesion. Further, 26 patients underwent concomitant colonoscopy, and 12 (46.2%) had lower GI tract lesions. Overall, 44 (75.9%) patients had lesions in either the upper or lower GI tract. Helicobacter pylori infection was detected in 13 patients (22.4%). Patients with lesions found by endoscopy had significantly lower hemoglobin level (8.9 vs. 10.0 g/dL, p = 0.047) and mean corpuscular volume (75.5 vs. 80.9 fL, p = 0.038). The proportion of patients with previous treatment for IDA was also higher in those with lesions on endoscopy. In multivariate analysis, age of ≥10 years (odds ratio [OR], 6.00; 95% confidence Interval [CI], 0.56-10.75) and positive fecal occult blood test (FOBT) findings (OR, 2.25; 95% CI, 0.14-4.52) were factors related to GI lesions. The presence of GI symptoms was not associated with GI lesions. A high proportion of GI lesions were found by endoscopy in children with IDA in this study. Endoscopy should be considered in children with IDA even without GI symptoms, especially in older children, and those with positive FOBT results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yeon Jung Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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27
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Kim YS, Lee JY, Kim JW, Kang SJ, Park JH, Kim HJ, Jang SH, Kim JH, Oh JH. Masculinity, Rather Than Biological Sex, Is Associated With Psychological Comorbidities in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2024:jnm23012. [PMID: 38321628 DOI: 10.5056/jnm23012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) generally shows sex differences, and psychiatric comorbidities play an important role in its pathogenesis. We aim to measure the levels of gender roles and investigate their relationship with psychiatric factors in patients with IBS versus healthy controls. Methods Patients diagnosed with IBS by Rome III and whose colonoscopy findings were normal were enrolled at multiple sites in Korea. The participants completed the Korean Sex Role Inventory-Short Form (KSRI-SF) to assess masculinity and femininity, the stress questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), and the 36-item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire to assess the quality of life (QOL). Results In total, 102 patients with IBS (male:female = 35:67; mean age 42.6 ± 16.7 years) and 55 controls (male:female = 20:35; mean age 42.4 ± 11.1 years) were recruited. IBS patients had higher stress (9.69 ± 8.23 vs 4.56 ± 8.31, P < 0.001) and HADS scores (16.12 ± 7.17 vs 10.22 ± 5.74, P < 0.001) than the control group, but showed no significant difference in KSRI-SF scores. No significant differences in HADS and KSRI-SF scores were found between males and females. However, IBS patients whose symptoms worsened due to stress and patients with anxiety or depression had significantly lower masculinity. QOL was poorer in IBS patients than in controls. In stepwise multivariate analyses, the anxiety score, depression score, and the degree of daily life disturbance, not masculinity, were associated with the QOL of IBS patients. Conclusions IBS patients had higher stress, more psychiatric comorbidities, and lower QOL than controls. Low masculinity, rather than sex, was associated with stress and psychological comorbidities, which deteriorated the QOL in IBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Sung Kim
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea, Good Breath Clinic, Gunpo, Gyeonggi-do Korea
| | - Ju Yup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Joo Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Healthcare Research Institute, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Ho Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Jang
- Department of Psychiatry, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk State, Korea
| | - Ji-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Education, Hongik University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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28
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Rundfeldt HC, Lee CM, Lee H, Jung KH, Chang H, Kim HJ. Cerebral perfusion simulation using realistically generated synthetic trees for healthy and stroke patients. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2024; 244:107956. [PMID: 38061114 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cerebral vascular diseases are among the most burdensome diseases faced by society. However, investigating the pathophysiology of diseases as well as developing future treatments still relies heavily on expensive in-vivo and in-vitro studies. The generation of realistic, patient-specific models of the cerebrovascular system capable of simulating hemodynamics and perfusion promises the ability to simulate diseased states, therefore accelerating development cycles using in silico studies and opening opportunities for the individual assessment of diseased states, treatment planning, and the prediction of outcomes. By providing a patient-specific, anatomically detailed and validated model of the human cerebral vascular system, we aim to provide the basis for future in silico investigations of the cerebral physiology and pathology. METHODS In this retrospective study, a processing pipeline for patient-specific quantification of cerebral perfusion was developed and applied to healthy individuals and a stroke patient. Major arteries are segmented from 3T MR angiography data. A synthetic tree generation algorithm titled tissue-growth based optimization (GBO)1 is used to extend vascular trees beyond the imaging resolution. To investigate the anatomical accuracy of the generated trees, morphological parameters are compared against those of 7 T MRI, 9.4 T MRI, and dissection data. Using the generated vessel model, hemodynamics and perfusion are simulated by solving one-dimensional blood flow equations combined with Darcy flow equations. RESULTS Morphological data of three healthy individuals (mean age 47 years ± 15.9 [SD], 2 female) was analyzed. Bifurcation and physiological characteristics of the synthetically generated vessels are comparable to those of dissection data. The inability of MRI based segmentation to resolve small branches and the small volume investigated cause a mismatch in the comparison to MRI data. Cerebral perfusion was estimated for healthy individuals and a stroke patient. The simulated perfusion is compared against Arterial-Spin-Labeling MRI perfusion data. Good qualitative agreement is found between simulated and measured cerebral blood flow (CBF)2. Ischemic regions are predicted well, however ischemia severity is overestimated. CONCLUSIONS GBO successfully generates detailed cerebral vascular models with realistic morphological parameters. Simulations based on the resulting networks predict perfusion territories and ischemic regions successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Christian Rundfeldt
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Republic of Korea; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Germany
| | - Chang Min Lee
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanyoung Lee
- Chung-ang University, College of Pharmacy, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Hwa Jung
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyeon Chang
- Konyang University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Republic of Korea.
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Jeong DI, Kim HJ, Lee SY, Kim S, Huh JW, Ahn JH, Karmakar M, Kim HJ, Lee K, Lee J, Ko HJ, Cho HJ. Hydrogel design to overcome thermal resistance and ROS detoxification in photothermal and photodynamic therapy of cancer. J Control Release 2024; 366:142-159. [PMID: 38145660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Responsive heat resistance (by heat shock protein upregulation) and spontaneous reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification have been regarded as the major obstacles for photothermal/photodynamic therapy of cancer. To overcome the thermal resistance and improve ROS susceptibility in breast cancer therapy, Au ion-crosslinked hydrogels including indocyanine green (ICG) and polyphenol are devised. Au ion has been introduced for gel crosslinking (by catechol-Au3+ coordination), cellular glutathione depletion, and O2 production from cellular H2O2. ICG can generate singlet oxygen from O2 (for photodynamic therapy) and induce hyperthermia (for photothermal therapy) under the near-infrared laser exposure. (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate downregulates heat shock protein to overcome heat resistance during hyperthermia and exerts multiple anticancer functions in spite of its ironical antioxidant features. Those molecules are concinnously engaged in the hydrogel structure to offer fast gel transformation, syringe injection, self-restoration, and rheological tuning for augmented photo/chemotherapy of cancer. Intratumoral injection of multifunctional hydrogel efficiently suppressed the growth of primary breast cancer and completely eliminated the residual tumor mass. Proposed hydrogel system can be applied to tumor size reduction prior to surgery of breast cancer and the complete remission after its surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da In Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Yi Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Kangwon Institute of Inclusive Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Huh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hee Ahn
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Mrinmoy Karmakar
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Jun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - KangJu Lee
- School of Healthcare and Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Junmin Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Ko
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Kangwon Institute of Inclusive Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Kangwon Institute of Inclusive Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Jangid AK, Kim S, Park HW, Kim HJ, Kim K. Ex Vivo Surface Decoration of Phenylboronic Acid onto Natural Killer Cells for Sialic Acid-Mediated Versatile Cancer Cell Targeting. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:222-237. [PMID: 38130077 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Phenylboronic acid (PBA) has been highly acknowledged as a significant cancer recognition moiety in sialic acid-overexpressing cancer cells. In this investigation, lipid-mediated biomaterial integrated PBA molecules onto the surface of natural killer (NK) cells to make a receptor-mediated immune cell therapeutic module. Therefore, a 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine (DSPE) lipid-conjugated di-PEG-PBA (DSPEPEG-di(PEG-PBA) biomaterial was synthesized. The DSPEPEG-di(PEG-PBA) biomaterial exhibited a high affinity for sialic acid (SA), confirmed by fluorescence spectroscopy at pH 6.5 and 7.4. DSPEPEG-di(PEG-PBA) was successfully anchored onto NK cell surfaces (PBA-NK), and this biomaterial maintains intrinsic properties such as viability, ligand availability (FasL & TRAIL), and cytokine secretion response to LPS. The anticancer efficacy of PBA-NK cells was evaluated against 2D cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, HepG2, and HCT-116) and 3D tumor spheroids of MDA-MB-231 cells. PBA-NK cells exhibited greatly enhanced anticancer effects against SA-overexpressing cancer cells. Thus, PBA-NK cells represent a new anticancer strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Jangid
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, South Korea
| | - Sungjun Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, South Korea
| | - Hee Won Park
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Kyobum Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, South Korea
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Kang JH, Kim J, Lee JY, Kang D, Kim HJ, Kim K, Jeong WJ. Self-Assembled Skin-Penetrating Peptides with Controlled Supramolecular Properties for Enhanced Transdermal Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:436-443. [PMID: 38146913 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanocarriers decorated with penetration-enhancing agents (PEAs) is considered to be a promising approach for efficient transdermal delivery. In this study, we developed short amphiphilic skin-penetrating peptides (17 amino acids) that functioned not only as PEAs but also as building blocks of nanocarriers without the incorporation of additional macromolecules for self-assembly and guest molecule encapsulation. Interestingly, varying only two amino acids in the hydrophobic moiety of the peptides resulted in significantly different self-assembly behavior, thermal stability, protease resistance, and skin-penetration efficiency in a human skin model. The analysis of the peptide secondary structure revealed that such characteristic changes arose due to the sequence variation-mediated conformational change in the hydrophobic block. These findings hold significant promise for the development of simple and effective delivery systems exhibiting controllable supramolecular properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeon Hyeong Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yun Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - DongHyun Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyobum Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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Oh SJ, Choi TR, Kim HJ, Shin N, Hwang JH, Kim HJ, Bhatia SK, Kim W, Yeon YJ, Yang YH. Maximization of 3-hydroxyhexanoate fraction in poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) using lauric acid with engineered Cupriavidus necator H16. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128376. [PMID: 38007029 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
As polyhydroxybutyrate (P(3HB)) was struggling with mechanical properties, efforts have been directed towards increasing mole fraction of 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx) in P(3HB-co-3HHx) to improve the properties of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Although genetic modification had significant results, there were several issues related to cell growth and PHA production by deletion of PHA synthetic genes. To find out easier strategy for high 3HHx mole fraction without gene deletion, Cupriavidus necator H16 containing phaC2Ra-phaACn-phaJ1Pa was examined with various oils resulting that coconut oil gave the highest 3HHx mole fraction. When fatty acid composition analysis with GC-MS was applied, coconut oil was found to have very different composition from other vegetable oil containing very high lauric acid (C12) content. To find out specific fatty acid affecting 3HHx fraction, different fatty acids from caproic acid (C6) to stearic acid (C18) was evaluated and the 3HHx mole fraction was increased to 26.5 ± 1.6 % using lauric acid. Moreover, the 3HHx mole fraction could be controlled from 9 % to 31.1 % by mixing bean oil and lauric acid with different ratios. Produced P(3HB-co-3HHx) exhibited higher molecular than P(3HB-co-3HHx) from phaB-deletion mutant. This study proposes another strategy to increase 3HHx mole fraction with easier way by modifying substrate composition without applying deletion tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Rim Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooseong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Yeon
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Han JH, Joung KH, Lee JC, Kim OS, Choung S, Kim JM, Kang YE, Yi HS, Lee JH, Ku BJ, Kim HJ. Comparative Efficacy of Rosuvastatin Monotherapy and Rosuvastatin/Ezetimibe Combination Therapy on Insulin Sensitivity and Vascular Inflammatory Response in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab J 2024; 48:112-121. [PMID: 38173371 PMCID: PMC10850282 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induces endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, which are the main factors for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The present study aimed to compare the effects of rosuvastatin monotherapy and rosuvastatin/ezetimibe combination therapy on lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, and vascular inflammatory response in patients with T2DM. METHODS A total of 101 patients with T2DM and dyslipidemia were randomized to either rosuvastatin monotherapy (5 mg/day, n=47) or rosuvastatin/ezetimibe combination therapy (5 mg/10 mg/day, n=45) and treated for 12 weeks. Serum lipids, glucose, insulin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4) levels were determined before and after 12 weeks of treatment. RESULTS The reduction in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by more than 50% from baseline after treatment was more in the combination therapy group. The serum sICAM-1 levels increased significantly in both groups, but there was no difference between the two groups. The significant changes in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and PRDX4 were confirmed only in the subgroup in which LDL-C was reduced by 50% or more in the combination therapy group. However, after adjusting for diabetes mellitus duration and hypertension, the changes in HOMA-IR and PRDX4 were not significant between the two groups. CONCLUSION Although rosuvastatin/ezetimibe combination therapy had a greater LDL-C reduction effect than rosuvastatin monotherapy, it had no additional effects on insulin sensitivity and vascular inflammatory response. Further studies are needed on the effect of long-term treatment with ezetimibe on insulin sensitivity and vascular inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Han
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of International Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Korea
| | - Jun Choul Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ok Soon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sorim Choung
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of International Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Kim HJ, Jeong S, Oh YH, Suh MJ. Association of Balance Impairment with Risk of Incident Dementia among Older Adults. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2024; 11:130-137. [PMID: 38230725 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2023.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of data suggests that balance impairment may be linked to the onset of dementia. OBJECTIVES However, a large-scale epidemiologic investigation is needed to clarify its association in older adults. DESIGN A retrospective-prospective hybrid database. SETTING Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to assess the relationship between balance impairment and the risk of incident dementia, and the results were provided as adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). All participants were tracked until the date of incident dementia, death, or 31 December 2019 whichever came first. PARTICIPANTS We analyzed 143,788 older adults who had at least one health screening between 2009 and 2019 from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-Senior Cohort. MEASUREMENTS A total of 3,774 cases of dementia were discovered throughout 850,425 person-years of follow-up investigation. Balance impairment was associated with a risk of dementia compared to those without balance impairment (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.83; 95% CI, 1.69-2.00; P value <0.001). RESULTS Risks of the Alzheimer's disease (aHR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.65-1.96; P for trend <0.001) and the vascular dementia (aHR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.89-4.58; P for trend <0.001) showed comparable trends and findings. CONCLUSIONS Balance impairment was found to be independently associated with an increased risk of dementia in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kim
- Yun Hwan Oh, MD, Msc, Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Gwangmyeong, South Korea. . Tel.: +82-10-7202-1342. Fax.: +82-2-2610-9220; Michelle J. Suh, MD, PhD, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Aran 13 gil 15, Jeju, 63241, South Korea. . Tel.: +82-10-5143-5872. Fax.: +82-50-4295-5872
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Lee KJ, Ko JS, Park KY, Kang KS, Lee K, Hong J, Kim SC, Lee Y, Kang B, Kim YB, Kim HJ, Eun BW, Cho HK, Kim YJ, Kim MJ, Lee J, Lee TJ, Oh SH, Park S, Hwang EH, Sohn S, Lim JG, Kim Y, Lee YJ. A Report on a Nationwide Surveillance System for Pediatric Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Etiology in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e401. [PMID: 38050913 PMCID: PMC10695753 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several cases of pediatric acute hepatitis of unknown etiology related to adenoviral infections have been reported in Europe since January 2022. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence, severity, possible etiology, and prognosis of the disease with those in the past in Korea. METHODS The surveillance group collected data between May and November 2022 using a surveillance system. Acute hepatitis of unknown etiology was defined in patients aged < 16 years with a serum transaminase level > 500 IU/L, not due to hepatitis A-E or other underlying causes. For comparison, data from 18 university hospitals were retrospectively collected as a control group between January 2021 and April 2022. RESULTS We enrolled 270 patients (mean age, 5 years). The most common symptom was fever. However, the incidence was similar between 2021 and 2022. Liver function test results, number of patients with acute liver failure (ALF), liver transplantation (LT), death, and adenovirus detection rates did not differ between the two groups. None of the adenovirus-positive patients in either group experienced ALF, LT, or death. In the surveillance group, adenovirus-associated virus-2 was detected in four patients, one of whom underwent LT. Patients with an unknown etiology showed significantly higher bilirubin levels, a lower platelet count, and a higher LT rate than patients with a possible etiology. CONCLUSION The incidence of pediatric acute hepatitis of unknown etiology and adenovirus detection rate have not increased in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Jae Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Sung Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kie Young Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Gangneung Asan Hospital, College of Medicine, Ulsan University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Ki Soo Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Kunsong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jeana Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Soon Chul Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Yoon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Medical Center Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ben Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Children's Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yu Bin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Byung Wook Eun
- Department of Pediatrics, Eulji University Eulji General Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yae-Jean Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Jin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taek-Jin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA University School of Medicine, Pocheon, Korea
| | - Seak Hee Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sowon Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Severance Pediatric Liver Research Group, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ha Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Sangjun Sohn
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jin Gyu Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - YooJin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeoun Joo Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
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Kim NH, Kim HJ, Cho SC, Han KE. Repeatability and Agreement of Chord Mu between Scheimpflug Tomography and Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography. Korean J Ophthalmol 2023; 37:510-517. [PMID: 37899279 PMCID: PMC10721399 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2023.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate repeatability and agreement of chord mu between Scheimpflug tomography (Pentacam HR) and sweptsource optical coherence tomography-based optical biometer (IOLMaster 700). METHODS In this retrospective study, 63 eyes from 33 patients were included. Chord mu, X and Y Cartesian distances between the corneal vertex and the pupil center (Px and Py), and the pupil diameter were compared using two instruments. Repeatability was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficient of variation (CoV), and within-subject standard deviation (Sw). Interdevice agreement was evaluated using paired t-tests and Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS Although Sw values for all parameters were similar between the two devices, CoV values of chord mu and pupil diameter were lower, and ICC values of those parameters were higher, in the IOLMaster 700 than in the Pentacam HR. Chord mu and pupil diameter values were higher in IOLMaster 700 than Pentacam HR (p < 0.01). The width of the 95% limit of agreement was wide for all parameters. CONCLUSIONS IOLMaster 700 showed better repeatability than Pentacam HR in chord mu, Px, Py, and pupil diameter values. Because there were statistically significant differences and a low level of agreement in chord mu and pupil diameter values between the two devices, they cannot be used interchangeably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Hyun Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Chang Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Park R, Jang JK, Kim HJ, Kim J, Lim SB. Imaging Characteristics of Idiopathic Myointimal Hyperplasia of the Mesenteric Veins: Diagnostic Insights. Korean J Radiol 2023; 24:1298-1302. [PMID: 38016688 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2023.0782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rohee Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Keon Jang
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Byung Lim
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jung DJS, Kim DH, Beak SH, Cho IG, Hong SJ, Lee J, Lee JO, Kim HJ, Malekkhahi M, Baik M. Effects of vitamin E and selenium administration on transportation stress in pregnant dairy heifers. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:9576-9586. [PMID: 37678766 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of road transportation and administration of the vitamin E and selenium (ESe) on circulating cortisol, haptoglobin, blood metabolites, oxidative biomarkers, white blood cell profiles, and behaviors in pregnant dairy heifers. Forty pregnant Holstein heifers were randomly assigned to one of 4 treatments: no transportation and no ESe administration, no transportation and ESe administration, transportation and no administration, and transportation and ESe administration. The ESe (70 IU/kg dry matter feed of dl-α-tocopheryl acetate and 0.3 mg/kg dry matter feed of sodium selenite) was orally delivered once a day from 7 d before transportation to 3 d after transportation. The heifers were transported in trucks designed for cattle transportation. Blood was collected 1 h before transportation, immediately after transportation (IAT), and at 6, 24, and 48 h after transportation. Behaviors were recorded using a video camera for 2 consecutive days after transportation. Transported/non-ESe-administered heifers had greater cortisol at IAT, haptoglobin at 6 and 24 h after transportation, total oxidative status at 6 h after transportation, and nonesterified fatty acid levels, white blood cell numbers, and neutrophil percentages at IAT and 6 h after transportation in the blood than nontransported heifers. Transported/non-ESe-administered heifers had lower total antioxidative status levels at 48 h after transportation and lymphocyte percentages at IAT and 6 h after transportation than nontransported heifers. Lying time was shorter in transported heifers than nontransported/non-ESe-administered heifers. Transported/ESe-administered heifers had lower cortisol, total oxidative status, nonesterified fatty acid levels at IAT, and haptoglobin concentrations at 6 and 24 h after transportation than transported/non-ESe-administered heifers. Transported/ESe-administered heifers had greater total antioxidative status levels at 48 h after transportation than transported/non-ESe-administered heifers. No ESe administration effects were observed for white blood cell number and neutrophil and lymphocyte percentages and lying time. In conclusion, road transportation caused temporary oxidative stress. Administrating ESe partially alleviated the stress, suggesting that ESe administration could be a viable strategy to reduce stress in transported pregnant heifers, providing a novel role of vitamin E and selenium for improving animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J S Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Beak
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - I G Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Hong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - J O Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - M Malekkhahi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - M Baik
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institutes of Green Bio Science Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon 25354, Republic of Korea.
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Park JJ, Lee M, Kim H, Park JY, Lee H, Kim HJ, Koyanagi A, Smith L, Kim MS, Rahmati M, Rhee SY, Ha Y, Lee K, Yon DK. National trends in the prevalence of hepatitis B and C in South Korea, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2007-2021) - a nationwide representative study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:12121-12133. [PMID: 38164874 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202312_34810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Due to the various changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, some infectious diseases showed different epidemiology and prevalence during the pandemic. However, there is a lack of comprehensive studies on trends in the prevalence of hepatitis B and C related to the pandemic. Thus, we compared the prevalence of hepatitis B and C before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We conducted a comprehensive trend analysis with a nationwide serial cross-sectional survey from 2007 to 2021 (n=86,931) using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The changes in the prevalence of hepatitis B and C were evaluated using a weighted regression model to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS From 2007 to 2021, 86,931 Korean adults aged 19 or older were included in the KNHANES data. The prevalence of hepatitis B showed a declining trend until the onset of the pandemic (1.80% in 2007-2009; 1.08% in 2016-2019; and 1.01% in 2020), at which point this trend reversed (1.39% in 2021). The prevalence of hepatitis C remained stable (0.14% in 2007-2009 and 0.18% in 2016-2019), with no particular surge related to the COVID-19 pandemic (βdiff, -0.002; 95% CI, -0.761 to 0.756). For hepatitis B, old age was identified as a pandemic-related vulnerable factor (ratio of odds ratio, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.05-2.70). CONCLUSIONS In this study, unlike other infectious diseases, hepatitis B and C did not show a decreasing trend during the pandemic. In particular, hepatitis B showed a rebound trend during the pandemic, which was noticeable in those aged 60 or older. Further studies are needed to support these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-J Park
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Adhikari G, Carlin N, Choi JJ, Choi S, Ezeribe AC, França LE, Ha C, Hahn IS, Hollick SJ, Jeon EJ, Jo JH, Joo HW, Kang WG, Kauer M, Kim BH, Kim HJ, Kim J, Kim KW, Kim SH, Kim SK, Kim WK, Kim YD, Kim YH, Ko YJ, Lee DH, Lee EK, Lee H, Lee HS, Lee HY, Lee IS, Lee J, Lee JY, Lee MH, Lee SH, Lee SM, Lee YJ, Leonard DS, Luan NT, Manzato BB, Maruyama RH, Neal RJ, Nikkel JA, Olsen SL, Park BJ, Park HK, Park HS, Park KS, Park SD, Pitta RLC, Prihtiadi H, Ra SJ, Rott C, Shin KA, Cavalcante DFFS, Scarff A, Spooner NJC, Thompson WG, Yang L, Yu GH. Search for Boosted Dark Matter in COSINE-100. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:201802. [PMID: 38039466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.201802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
We search for energetic electron recoil signals induced by boosted dark matter (BDM) from the galactic center using the COSINE-100 array of NaI(Tl) crystal detectors at the Yangyang Underground Laboratory. The signal would be an excess of events with energies above 4 MeV over the well-understood background. Because no excess of events are observed in a 97.7 kg·yr exposure, we set limits on BDM interactions under a variety of hypotheses. Notably, we explored the dark photon parameter space, leading to competitive limits compared to direct dark photon search experiments, particularly for dark photon masses below 4 MeV and considering the invisible decay mode. Furthermore, by comparing our results with a previous BDM search conducted by the Super-Kamionkande experiment, we found that the COSINE-100 detector has advantages in searching for low-mass dark matter. This analysis demonstrates the potential of the COSINE-100 detector to search for MeV electron recoil signals produced by the dark sector particle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Adhikari
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - N Carlin
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J J Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - A C Ezeribe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - L E França
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Ha
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Hahn
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Hollick
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E J Jeon
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jo
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H W Joo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - W G Kang
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - K W Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - W K Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y D Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Ko
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - E K Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H Y Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Leonard
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - N T Luan
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - B B Manzato
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R H Maruyama
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - R J Neal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - J A Nikkel
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S L Olsen
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - B J Park
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H K Park
- Department of Accelerator Science, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Park
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - K S Park
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S D Park
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - R L C Pitta
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H Prihtiadi
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Ra
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - K A Shin
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - D F F S Cavalcante
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Scarff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - N J C Spooner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - W G Thompson
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L Yang
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - G H Yu
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Kim GH, Park H, Jung KW, Kim MJ, Kim YJ, Lee JM, Lee BE, Min YW, Kim JH, Na HK, Ahn JY, Lee JH, Kim DH, Choi KD, Song HJ, Lee GH, Jung HY, Kim HJ. Incidence, Morbidity, and Mortality of Achalasia: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study in South Korea. Gut Liver 2023; 17:894-904. [PMID: 36987382 PMCID: PMC10651379 DOI: 10.5009/gnl220334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Although an association between achalasia and esophageal cancer has been reported, whether achalasia confers a substantial increase in mortality is unknown. Moreover, the causes of death related to achalasia have not been investigated. We performed this nationwide, population-based cohort study on achalasia because no such study has been performed since the introduction of high-resolution manometry in 2008. Methods This study was performed using data extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, covering a 9-year period from 2009 to 2017. Control participants without a diagnostic code for achalasia were randomly selected and matched by sex and birth year at a case-to-control ratio of 1:4. Data on the cause of death from Statistics Korea were also analyzed. Results The overall incidence of achalasia was 0.68 per 100,000 person-years, and the prevalence was 6.46 per 100,000 population. Patients with achalasia (n=3,063) had significantly higher adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for esophageal cancer (aHR, 3.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25 to 9.22; p=0.017), pneumonia (aHR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.89 to 2.81; p<0.001), aspiration pneumonia (aHR, 3.92; 95% CI, 2.38 to 6.48; p<0.001), and mortality (aHR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.44 to 1.94; p<0.001). Esophageal cancer carried the highest mortality risk (aHR, 8.82; 95% CI, 2.35 to 33.16; p=0.001), while pneumonia had the highest non-cancer mortality risk (aHR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.31 to 3.96; p=0.004). Conclusions In this nationwide study, achalasia was associated with increased risk of mortality. Esophageal cancer and pneumonia were the most common comorbidities and the major causes of death in patients with achalasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyungchul Park
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Gastroenterology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Kee Wook Jung
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Ju Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ye-Jee Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Min Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bong Eun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Yang Won Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Hwan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Kyong Na
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yong Ahn
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee Don Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho June Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gin Hyug Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwoon-Yong Jung
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
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West CT, West MA, Mirnezami AH, Drami I, Denys A, Glyn T, Sutton PA, Tiernan J, Behrenbruch C, Guerra G, Waters PS, Woodward N, Applin S, Charles SJ, Rose SA, Pape E, van Ramshorst GH, Aalbers AGJ, Abdul AN, Abecasis N, Abraham-Nordling M, Akiyoshi T, Alahmadi R, Alberda W, Albert M, Andric M, Angeles M, Angenete E, Antoniou A, Armitage J, Auer R, Austin KK, Aytac E, Aziz O, Bacalbasa N, Baker RP, Bali M, Baransi S, Baseckas G, Bebington B, Bedford M, Bednarski BK, Beets GL, Berg PL, Bergzoll C, Biondo S, Boyle K, Bordeianou L, Brecelj E, Bremers AB, Brown K, Brunner M, Buchwald P, Bui A, Burgess A, Burger JWA, Burling D, Burns E, Campain N, Carvalhal S, Castro L, Caycedo-Marulanda A, Ceelen W, Chan KKL, Chang GJ, Chew MH, Chok AK, Chong P, Christensen HK, Clouston H, Collins D, Colquhoun AJ, Constantinides J, Corr A, Coscia M, Cosimelli M, Cotsoglou C, Coyne PE, Croner RS, Damjanovic L, Daniels IR, Davies M, Davies RJ, Delaney CP, de Wilt JHW, Denost QD, Deutsch C, Dietz D, Domingo S, Dozois EJ, Drozdov E, Duff M, Egger E, Eglinton T, Enrique-Navascues JM, Espín-Basany E, Evans MD, Eyjólfsdóttir B, Fahy M, Fearnhead NS, Fichtner-Feigl S, Flatmark K, Fleming F, Flor B, Folkesson J, Foskett K, Frizelle FA, Funder J, Gallego MA, García-Granero E, García-Sabrido JL, Gargiulo M, Gava VG, Gentilini L, George ML, George V, Georgiou P, Ghosh A, Ghouti L, Gil-Moreno A, Giner F, Ginther N, Glover T, Goffredo P, Golda T, Gomez CM, Griffiths B, Gwenaël F, Harris C, Harris DA, Hagemans JAW, Hanchanale V, Harji DP, Helbren C, Helewa RM, Hellawell G, Heriot AG, Hochman D, Hohenberger W, Holm T, Holmström A, Hompes R, Hornung B, Hurton S, Hyun E, Ito M, Iversen LH, Jenkins JT, Jourand K, Kaffenberger S, Kandaswamy GV, Kapur S, Kanemitsu Y, Kaufman M, Kazi M, Kelley SR, Keller DS, Kelly ME, Kersting S, Ketelaers SHJ, Khan MS, Khaw J, Kim H, Kim HJ, Kiran R, Koh CE, Kok NFM, Kokelaar R, Kontovounisios C, Kose F, Koutra M, Kraft M, Kristensen HØ, Kumar S, Kusters M, Lago V, Lakkis Z, Lampe B, Langheinrich MC, Larach T, Larsen SG, Larson DW, Law WL, Laurberg S, Lee PJ, Limbert M, Loria A, Lydrup ML, Lyons A, Lynch AC, Mackintosh M, Mann C, Mantyh C, Mathis KL, Margues CFS, Martinez A, Martling A, Meijerink WJHJ, Merchea A, Merkel S, Mehta AM, McArthur DR, McCormick JJ, McDermott FD, McGrath JS, McPhee A, Maciel J, Malde S, Manfredelli S, Mikalauskas S, Modest D, Monson JRT, Morton JR, Mullaney TG, Navarro AS, Neeff H, Negoi I, Neto JWM, Nguyen B, Nielsen MB, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP, Nilsson PJ, Nordkamp S, O’Dwyer ST, Paarnio K, Palmer G, Pappou E, Park J, Patsouras D, Peacock A, Pellino G, Peterson AC, Pfeffer F, Piqeur F, Pinson J, Poggioli G, Proud D, Quinn M, Oliver A, Quyn A, Radwan RW, Rajendran N, Rao C, Rasheed S, Rasmussen PC, Rausa E, Regenbogen SE, Reims HM, Renehan A, Rintala J, Rocha R, Rochester M, Rohila J, Rothbarth J, Rottoli M, Roxburgh C, Rutten HJT, Safar B, Sagar PM, Sahai A, Saklani A, Sammour T, Sayyed R, Schizas AMP, Schwarzkopf E, Scripcariu D, Scripcariu V, Seifert G, Selvasekar C, Shaban M, Shaikh I, Shida D, Simpson A, Skeie-Jensen T, Smart NJ, Smart P, Smith JJ, Smith T, Solbakken AM, Solomon MJ, Sørensen MM, Spasojevic M, Steele SR, Steffens D, Stitzenberg K, Stocchi L, Stylianides NA, Swartling T, Sumrien H, Swartking T, Takala H, Tan EJ, Taylor C, Taylor D, Tejedor P, Tekin A, Tekkis PP, Teras J, Thanapal MR, Thaysen HV, Thorgersen E, Thurairaja R, Toh EL, Tsarkov P, Tolenaar J, Tsukada Y, Tsukamoto S, Tuech JJ, Turner G, Turner WH, Tuynman JB, Valente M, van Rees J, van Zoggel D, Vásquez-Jiménez W, Verhoef C, Vierimaa M, Vizzielli G, Voogt ELK, Uehara K, Wakeman C, Warrier S, Wasmuth HH, Weber K, Weiser MR, Westney OL, Wheeler JMD, Wild J, Wilson M, Wolthuis A, Yano H, Yip B, Yip J, Yoo RN, Zappa MA, Winter DC. Empty pelvis syndrome: PelvEx Collaborative guideline proposal. Br J Surg 2023; 110:1730-1731. [PMID: 37757457 PMCID: PMC10805575 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znad301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
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Kim HJ. Significance of Triglyceride-to-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio in Children with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2023; 26:312-319. [PMID: 38025490 PMCID: PMC10651361 DOI: 10.5223/pghn.2023.26.6.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. This study evaluated the significance of markers such as the triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio and TG-glucose (TyG) indices in a group of patients with NAFLD. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients aged 5-18 years diagnosed with NAFLD between January 2014 and January 2021. Results Among the 151 patients with NAFLD, 79.5% were found to be obese, and the mean TG/HDL-C ratio (3.78±2.54 vs. 3.13±2.24) and TyG index (4.69±0.28 vs. 4.56±0.30) were slightly higher in patients with obesity compared to those without obesity. Patients with severe hepatic steatosis had a significantly higher mean TG/HDL-C ratio (4.11±2.16 vs. 3.11±2.30, p=0.035) than those with mild to moderate steatosis. Severe hepatic steatosis grade was defined as an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the TG/HDL-C ratio of 0.760 (95% confidence interval, 0.544-0.875), with an optimal cutoff value of 3.37. Conclusion A high TG/HDL-C ratio is associated with severe hepatic steatosis and diabetes mellitus in children with NAFLD. Measurement of this ratio can help clinicians in identifying patients and targeting them for treatment and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Levine DJ, Lee OA, Campbell GM, McBride MK, Kim HJ, Turner KT, Hayward RC, Pikul JH. A Low-Voltage, High-Force Capacity Electroadhesive Clutch Based on Ionoelastomer Heterojunctions. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2304455. [PMID: 37734086 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Electroadhesive devices with dielectric films can electrically program changes in stiffness and adhesion, but require hundreds of volts and are subject to failure by dielectric breakdown. Recent work on ionoelastomer heterojunctions has enabled reversible electroadhesion with low voltages, but these materials exhibit limited force capacities and high detachment forces. It is a grand challenge to engineer electroadhesives with large force capacities and programmable detachment at low voltages (<10 V). In this work, tough ionoelastomer/metal mesh composites with low surface energies are synthesized and surface roughness is controlled to realize sub-ten-volt clutches that are small, strong, and easily detachable. Models based on fracture and contact mechanics explain how clutch compliance and surface texture affect force capacity and contact area, which is validated over different geometries and voltages. These ionoelastomer clutches outperform the best existing electroadhesive clutches by fivefold in force capacity per unit area (102 N cm-2 ), with a 40-fold reduction in operating voltage (± 7.5 V). Finally, the ability of the ionoelastomer clutches to resist bending moments in a finger wearable and as a reversible adhesive in an adjustable phone mount is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Levine
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - O A Lee
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - G M Campbell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - M K McBride
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, South Korea
| | - K T Turner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - R C Hayward
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - J H Pikul
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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Picciariello A, Kim HJ, Choi GS, Song SH. Robotic abdominoperineal resection for T4b rectal cancer using the da Vinci SP platform. Tech Coloproctol 2023; 27:1119-1122. [PMID: 37368080 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-023-02792-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present report wasto describe a novel technique of robotic abdominoperineal resection (APR) for the treatment of T4b low rectal cancer using the da Vinci® Single-Port (SP) system (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA). METHODS A 3-cm transverse incision was made in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen, in the area designated for permanent colostomy. A Uniport® (Dalim Medical, Seoul, Korea) was introduced and a 25 mm multichannel SP trocar was inserted into the Uniport. A 5-mm laparoscopic assistant port was introduced on the upper midline. A video showing each step of the technique is attached. RESULTS Two consecutive female patients (70 and 74 years old) underwent SP robotic APR with partial resection of the vagina 8 weeks after preoperative chemoradiotherapy. In both cases, rectal cancer was located 1 cm above the anal verge and invaded the vagina (initial stage and ymrT stage T4b). Operative time was 150 and 180 min, respectively. Estimated blood loss was 10 and 25 ml, respectively. No postoperative complications occurred. The length of postoperative hospital stay was 5 days in both cases. The final pathological stage was ypT4bN0 and ypT3N0 respectively. CONCLUSIONS In this first experience, SP robotic APR appears to be a safe and feasible procedure for locally advanced low rectal cancer. In addition, the invasiveness of the procedure is reduced by means of the SP system, which only requires a single incision in the area designated for colostomy. Prospective studies on a larger number of patients are necessary to confirm the outcomes of this technique compared to other minimally invasive approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Picciariello
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 807 Hogukro, Buk-Gu, Daegu, 41404, Korea
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - H J Kim
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 807 Hogukro, Buk-Gu, Daegu, 41404, Korea
| | - G-S Choi
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 807 Hogukro, Buk-Gu, Daegu, 41404, Korea.
| | - S H Song
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 807 Hogukro, Buk-Gu, Daegu, 41404, Korea
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Kim HJ, Lee CM, Rundfeldt HC, Lee S, Lee I, Jansen K. Convergence of Phase-Averaged, Transitional Flow in an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysmal Model. J Biomech Eng 2023; 145:111007. [PMID: 37525577 DOI: 10.1115/1.4063066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm can exhibit transitional flow characteristics in laminar flow regimes. To report transitional flow characteristics, we examined the convergence of phase-averaged solutions by executing blood flow simulations of a patient-specific abdominal aortic aneurysmal model for 257 cardiac cycles with periodic, pulsatile boundary conditions. The phase-averaged solutions were computed by averaging the solutions over various numbers of cardiac cycles and compared against the ones averaged over 124 cycles. The phase-averaged solutions reported small differences when they were averaged over a large number of cardiac cycles. The instantaneous solutions, however, failed to exhibit fluctuations reported in the phase-averaged solutions. To study transitional blood flows in the aneurysmal region, we need to report phase-averaged solutions as they exhibit nonperiodic, disturbed flow characteristics. Additionally, when reporting phase-averaged solutions, it is preferred to compute an average over a large number of cardiac cycles to be able to represent flow structures of the converged phase-averaged solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Chang Min Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Hans Christian Rundfeldt
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Seungmin Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Inpyo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Kenneth Jansen
- Aerospace Engineering Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303
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Jung DH, Youn YH, Jung HK, Kim SY, Huh CW, Shin CM, Oh JH, Huh KC, Park MI, Choi SC, Kim KB, Park SY, Kwon JG, Cho YK, Park JH, Shin JE, Gong EJ, Kim JH, Hong SJ, Kim HJ, Jee SR, Lee JY, Jung KW, Kim HM, Lee KJ. On-demand Versus Continuous Maintenance Treatment With a Proton Pump Inhibitor for Mild Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Prospective Randomized Multicenter Study. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 29:460-469. [PMID: 37814436 PMCID: PMC10577461 DOI: 10.5056/jnm23130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims It remains unclear which maintenance treatment modality is most appropriate for mild gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We aimed to compare on-demand treatment with continuous treatment using a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) in the maintenance treatment for patients with non-erosive GERD or mild erosive esophagitis. Methods Patients whose GERD symptoms improved after 4 weeks of standard dose PPI treatment were prospectively enrolled at 25 hospitals. Subsequently, the enrolled patients were randomly assigned to either an on-demand or a continuous maintenance treatment group, and followed in an 8-week interval for up to 24 weeks. Results A total of 304 patients were randomized to maintenance treatment (continuous, n = 151 vs on-demand, n = 153). The primary outcome, the overall proportion of unwillingness to continue the assigned maintenance treatment modality, failed to confirm the non-inferiority of on-demand treatment (45.9%) compared to continuous treatment (36.1%). Compared with the on-demand group, the GERD symptom and health-related quality of life scores significantly more improved and the overall satisfaction score was significantly higher in the continuous treatment group, particularly at week 8 and week 16 of maintenance treatment. Work impairment scores were not different in the 2 groups, but the prescription cost was less in the on-demand group. Serum gastrin levels significantly elevated in the continuous treatment group, but not in the on-demand group. Conclusions Continuous treatment seems to be more appropriate for the initial maintenance treatment of non-erosive GERD or mild erosive esophagitis than on-demand treatment. Stepping down to on-demand treatment needs to be considered after a sufficient period of continuous treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Hyun Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hoon Youn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheal Wung Huh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Chan Huh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Moo In Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Suck Chei Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Ki Bae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Seon-Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Joong Goo Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yu Kyung Cho
- Catholic Photomedicine Research Institute, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Ho Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Gong
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Jae Hak Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Su Jin Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Sam Ryong Jee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Ju Yup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kee Wook Jung
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Man Kim
- Health Promotion, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Jae Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
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Huh CW, Son NH, Youn YH, Jung DH, Kim MK, Gong EJ, Huh KC, Kim SY, Park MI, Lee JY, Kwon JG, Kim JH, Shin CM, Jung KW, Hong SJ, Kim HM, Choi SC, Jung HK, Kim HJ, Lee KJ. Real-world Prescription Patterns and Patient Satisfaction Regarding Maintenance Therapy of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: An Observational, Cross-sectional, Multicenter Study. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 29:470-477. [PMID: 37814437 PMCID: PMC10577463 DOI: 10.5056/jnm23088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder that typically requires long-term maintenance therapy. However, little is known about patient preferences and satisfaction and real-world prescription patterns regarding maintenance therapy for GERD. Methods This observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study involved patients from 18 referral hospitals in Korea. We surveyed patients who had been prescribed proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for GERD for at least 90 days with a minimum follow-up duration of 1 year. The main outcome was overall patient satisfaction with different maintenance therapy modalities. Results A total of 197 patients were enrolled. Overall patient satisfaction, patient preferences, and GERD health-related quality of life scores did not significantly differ among the maintenance therapy modality groups. However, the on-demand therapy group experienced a significantly longer disease duration than the continuous therapy group. The continuous therapy group demonstrated a lower level of awareness of potential adverse effects associated with PPIs than the on-demand therapy group but received higher doses of PPIs than the on-demand therapy group. The prescribed doses of PPIs also varied based on the phenotype of GERD, with higher doses prescribed for non-erosive reflux disease than erosive reflux disease. Conclusion Although overall patient satisfaction did not significantly differ among the different PPI maintenance therapy modality groups, awareness of potential adverse effects was significantly different between the on-demand and continuous therapy groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheal Wung Huh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nak Hoon Son
- Department of Statistics, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young Hoon Youn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da Hyun Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Kim
- Department of Statistics, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Gong
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Kyu Chan Huh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moo In Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Ju Yup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Joong Goo Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae Hak Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Kee Wook Jung
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jin Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hee Man Kim
- Health Promotion, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suck Chei Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Kwang Jae Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Zawieja SD, Pea GA, Broyhill SE, Bromert KH, Norton CE, Kim HJ, Li M, Castorena-Gonzalez JA, Drumm BT, Davis MJ. Lymphatic muscle cells are the innate pacemaker cells regulating mouse lymphatic collecting vessel contractions. bioRxiv 2023:2023.08.24.554619. [PMID: 37662284 PMCID: PMC10473772 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.24.554619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Collecting lymphatic vessels (cLVs) exhibit spontaneous contractions with a pressure-dependent frequency, but the identity of the lymphatic pacemaker cell is still debated. By analogy to pacemakers in the GI and lower urinary tracts, proposed cLV pacemaker cells include interstitial cells of Cajal like cells (ICLC), pericytes, as well as the lymphatic muscle (LMCs) cells themselves. Here we tested the extent to which these cell types are invested into the mouse cLV wall and if any cell type exhibited morphological and functional processes characteristic of pacemaker cells: a contiguous network; spontaneous Ca2+ transients; and depolarization-induced propagated contractions. We employed inducible Cre (iCre) mouse models routinely used to target these specific cell populations including: c-kitCreERT2 to target ICLC; PdgfrβCreERT2 to target pericytes; PdgfrαCreER™ to target CD34+ adventitial fibroblast-like cells or ICLC; and Myh11CreERT2 to target LMCs. These specific inducible Cre lines were crossed to the fluorescent reporter ROSA26mT/mG, the genetically encoded Ca2+ sensor GCaMP6f, and the light-activated cation channel rhodopsin2 (ChR2). c-KitCreERT2 labeled both a sparse population of LECs and round adventitial cells that responded to the mast cell activator compound 48-80. PdgfrβCreERT2 drove recombination in both adventitial cells and LMCs, limiting its power to discriminate a pericyte specific population. PdgfrαCreER™ labeled a large population of interconnected, oak leaf-shaped cells primarily along the adventitial surface of the vessel. Titrated induction of the smooth muscle-specific Myh11CreERT2 revealed a LMC population with heterogeneous morphology. Only LMCs consistently, but heterogeneously, displayed spontaneous Ca2+ events during the diastolic period of the contraction cycle, and whose frequency was modulated in a pressure-dependent manner. Optogenetic depolarization through the expression of ChR2 by Myh11CreERT2, but not PdgfrαCreER™ or c-KitCreERT2, resulted in a propagated contraction. These findings support the conclusion that LMCs, or a subset of LMCs, are responsible for mouse cLV pacemaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Zawieja
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - G A Pea
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - S E Broyhill
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - K H Bromert
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - C E Norton
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - H J Kim
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - M Li
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - B T Drumm
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Co. Louth, A91 K584, Ireland
| | - M J Davis
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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Jangid AK, Kim S, Kim HJ, Kim K. Biomaterial-Mediated Exogenous Facile Coating of Natural Killer Cells for Enhancing Anticancer Efficacy toward Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:1789-1801. [PMID: 37726892 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells exhibit a good therapeutic efficacy against various malignant cancer cells. However, the therapeutic efficacy of plain NK cells is relatively low due to inadequate selectivity for cancer cells. Therefore, to enhance the targeting selectivity and anticancer efficacy of NK cells, we have rationally designed a biomaterial-mediated ex vivo surface engineering technique for the membrane decoration of cancer recognition ligands onto NK cells. Our designed lipid conjugate biomaterial contains three major functional moieties: (1) 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE) lipid for cell membrane anchoring, (2) polyethylene glycol for intracellular penetration blocker, and (3) lactobionic acid (LBA) for cancer recognition. The biomaterial was successfully applied to NK cell surfaces (LBA-NK) to enhance recognition and anticancer functionalities, especially toward asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR)-overexpressing hepatocellular carcinoma. Highly efficient and homogeneous NK cell surface editing was achieved with a simple coating process while maintaining intrinsic properties of NK cells. LBA-NK cells showed potential ASGPR-mediated tumor cell binding (through LBA-ASGPR interaction) and thereby significantly augmented anticancer efficacies against HepG2 liver cancer cells. Thus, LBA-NK cells can be a novel engineering strategy for the treatment of liver cancers via facilitated immune synapse interactions in comparison with currently available cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Jangid
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, South Korea
| | - Sungjun Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Kyobum Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, South Korea
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