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Entenberg D, Pastoriza JM, Oktay MH, Voiculescu S, Wang Y, Sosa MS, Aguirre-Ghiso J, Condeelis J. Time-lapsed, large-volume, high-resolution intravital imaging for tissue-wide analysis of single cell dynamics. Methods 2017; 128:65-77. [PMID: 28911733 PMCID: PMC5659295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathologists rely on microscopy to diagnose disease states in tissues and organs. They utilize both high-resolution, high-magnification images to interpret the staining and morphology of individual cells, as well as low-magnification overviews to give context and location to these cells. Intravital imaging is a powerful technique for studying cells and tissues in their native, live environment and can yield sub-cellular resolution images similar to those used by pathologists. However, technical limitations prevent the straightforward acquisition of low-magnification images during intravital imaging, and they are hence not typically captured. The serial acquisition, mosaicking, and stitching together of many high-resolution, high-magnification fields of view is a technique that overcomes these limitations in fixed and ex vivo tissues. The technique however, has not to date been widely applied to intravital imaging as movements caused by the living animal induce image distortions that are difficult to compensate for computationally. To address this, we have developed techniques for the stabilization of numerous tissues, including extremely compliant tissues, that have traditionally been extremely difficult to image. We present a novel combination of these stabilization techniques with mosaicked and stitched intravital imaging, resulting in a process we call Large-Volume High-Resolution Intravital Imaging (LVHR-IVI). The techniques we present are validated and make large volume intravital imaging accessible to any lab with a multiphoton microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Entenberg
- Anatomy and Structural Biology, Integrated Imaging Program, Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States.
| | - Jessica M Pastoriza
- Department of Surgery, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Maja H Oktay
- Anatomy and Structural Biology, Integrated Imaging Program, Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States; Department of Pathology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Sonia Voiculescu
- Department of Surgery, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Yarong Wang
- Anatomy and Structural Biology, Integrated Imaging Program, Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Maria Soledad Sosa
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Julio Aguirre-Ghiso
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - John Condeelis
- Anatomy and Structural Biology, Integrated Imaging Program, Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
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Li G, Yuan K, Yan C, Fox J, Gaid M, Breitwieser W, Bansal AK, Zeng H, Gao H, Wu M. 8-Oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase 1 deficiency modifies allergic airway inflammation by regulating STAT6 and IL-4 in cells and in mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 52:392-401. [PMID: 22100973 PMCID: PMC3740570 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.10.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2011] [Revised: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
8-Oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase (OGG-1) is a base excision DNA repair enzyme; however, its function in modulating allergic diseases remains undefined. Using OGG-1 knockout (KO) mice, we show that this protein affects allergic airway inflammation after sensitization and challenge by ovalbumin(OVA). OGG-1 KO mice exhibited less inflammatory cell infiltration and reduced oxidative stress in the lungs after OVA challenge compared to WT mice. The KO phenotype included decreased IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17 in lung tissues. In addition, OGG-1 KO mice showed decreased expression and phosphorylation of STAT6 as well as NF-κB. Down-regulation of OGG-1 by siRNA lowered ROS and IL-4 levels but increased IFN-γ production in cultured epithelial cells after exposure to house dust mite extracts. OGG-1 may affect the levels of oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines during asthmatic conditions. OGG-1 deficiency negatively regulates allergen-induced airway inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Li
- Respiratory Section, Luzhou Medical College Teaching Hospital, Luzhou 646000, China
| | | | - Chunguang Yan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | | | | | - Wayne Breitwieser
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, the Altru Hospital, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Arvind K. Bansal
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, the Altru Hospital, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Huawei Zeng
- USDA, ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Hongwei Gao
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | - Min Wu
- Corresponding author: Min Wu, , Tel: 701 777-4875, Fax: 701 777-2382; or Hongwei Gao, , Tel: 617-5255030, Fax: 617-5255027
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Radak Z, Bori Z, Koltai E, Fatouros IG, Jamurtas AZ, Douroudos II, Terzis G, Nikolaidis MG, Chatzinikolaou A, Sovatzidis A, Kumagai S, Naito H, Boldogh I. Age-dependent changes in 8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase activity are modulated by adaptive responses to physical exercise in human skeletal muscle. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51:417-23. [PMID: 21569841 PMCID: PMC3775599 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) accumulates in the genome over time and is believed to contribute to the development of aging characteristics of skeletal muscle and various aging-related diseases. Here, we show a significantly increased level of intrahelical 8-oxoG and 8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase (OGG1) expression in aged human skeletal muscle compared to that of young individuals. In response to exercise, the 8-oxoG level was lastingly elevated in sedentary young and old subjects, but returned rapidly to preexercise levels in the DNA of physically active individuals independent of age. 8-OxoG levels in DNA were inversely correlated with the abundance of acetylated OGG1 (Ac-OGG1), but not with total OGG1, apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1), or Ac-APE1. The actual Ac-OGG1 level was linked to exercise-induced oxidative stress, as shown by changes in lipid peroxide levels and expression of Cu,Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, and SIRT3, as well as the balance between acetyltransferase p300/CBP and deacetylase SIRT1, but not SIRT6 expression. Together these data suggest that that acetylated form of OGG1, and not OGG1 itself, correlates inversely with the 8-oxoG level in the DNA of human skeletal muscle, and the Ac-OGG1 level is dependent on adaptive cellular responses to physical activity, but is age independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1123, Hungary.
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Pang Y, Greisler HP. Using a type 1 collagen-based system to understand cell-scaffold interactions and to deliver chimeric collagen-binding growth factors for vascular tissue engineering. J Investig Med 2011; 58:845-8. [PMID: 20683346 DOI: 10.231/jim.0b013e3181ee81f7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Vascular tissue engineering should provide more biocompatible and functional conduits than synthetic vascular grafts. Understanding cell-scaffold interactions and developing an efficient delivery system for growth factors and other biomolecules to control the signaling between the cells and the scaffold are fundamental issues in a wide range of tissue engineering research fields. Type 1 collagen is a natural scaffold extensively used in vascular tissue engineering and is a widely used vehicle in biomolecule delivery. In this article, we will discuss type 1 collagen as a vascular tissue engineering scaffold, describe strategies for elucidating the interaction between cells and type 1 collagen scaffolds using various imaging techniques, and summarize our work on the development of a chimeric collagen-binding growth factor-based local delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Pang
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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Pang Y, Greisler HP. Using a type 1 collagen-based system to understand cell-scaffold interactions and to deliver chimeric collagen-binding growth factors for vascular tissue engineering. J Investig Med 2011. [PMID: 20683346 DOI: 10.231/jim.0b013e318ee81f7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vascular tissue engineering should provide more biocompatible and functional conduits than synthetic vascular grafts. Understanding cell-scaffold interactions and developing an efficient delivery system for growth factors and other biomolecules to control the signaling between the cells and the scaffold are fundamental issues in a wide range of tissue engineering research fields. Type 1 collagen is a natural scaffold extensively used in vascular tissue engineering and is a widely used vehicle in biomolecule delivery. In this article, we will discuss type 1 collagen as a vascular tissue engineering scaffold, describe strategies for elucidating the interaction between cells and type 1 collagen scaffolds using various imaging techniques, and summarize our work on the development of a chimeric collagen-binding growth factor-based local delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Pang
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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Pang Y, Ucuzian AA, Matsumura A, Brey EM, Gassman AA, Husak VA, Greisler HP. The temporal and spatial dynamics of microscale collagen scaffold remodeling by smooth muscle cells. Biomaterials 2009; 30:2023-31. [PMID: 19147225 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2008] [Accepted: 12/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and collagen scaffolds are widely used in vascular tissue engineering but their interactions in remodeling at the microscale level remained unclear. We characterized microscale morphologic alterations of collagen remodeled by SMCs in six dimensions: three spatial, time, multichannel and multi-position dimensions. In live imaging assays, computer-assisted cell tracking showed locomotion characteristics of SMCs; reflection and fluorescent confocal microscopy and spatial reconstruction images of each time point showed detailed morphologic changes of collagen fibers and spatial collagen-SMC interactions. The density of the collagen around the SMCs was changed dynamically by the leading edges of the cells. The density of the collagen following 24h of cell-induced remodeling increased 51.61+/-9.73% compared to unremodeled collagen containing cells for 1h (P<0.0001, n=40) (NS vs. collagen without cells). Fast Fourier transform analysis showed that the collagen fibers' orientation changed from random (alignment index=0.047+/-0.029, n=40) after 1h into concordant with that of the SMCs (alignment index=0.379+/-0.098, P<0.0001, n=40) after 24h. Mosaic imaging extended the visual field from a single cell to a group of cells in one image without loss of optical resolution. Direct visualization of alignment of actin fibers and collagen fibers showed the molecular machinery of the process of scaffold remodeling. This is a new approach to better understanding the mechanism of scaffold remodeling and our techniques represent effective tools to investigate the interactions between cells and scaffold in detail at the microscale level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Pang
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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Kruzel ML, Bacsi A, Choudhury B, Sur S, Boldogh I. Lactoferrin decreases pollen antigen-induced allergic airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma. Immunology 2006; 119:159-66. [PMID: 16800860 PMCID: PMC1782357 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2006.02417.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pollen grains contain reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases and in contact with mucosal surfaces generate superoxide anion (O2*-). In the presence of iron, O2*- may be converted to more reactive oxygen radicals, such as to H2O2 and/or *OH, which may augment antigen-induced airway inflammation. The aim of the study was to examine the impact of lactoferrin (LF), an iron-binding protein, on ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) pollen extract (RWE)-induced cellular oxidative stress levels in cultured bronchial epithelial cells and accumulation of inflammatory and mucin-producing cells in airways in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. Results show that LF lowered RWE-induced increase in cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in bronchial epithelial cells. Most importantly, LF significantly decreased accumulation of eosinophils into airways and subepithelium of intranasally challenged, sensitized mice. LF also prevented development of mucin-producing cells. Amb a 1, the major allergenic ragweed pollen antigen lacking NADPH oxidase activity, induced low-grade airway inflammation. When administered along with glucose oxidase (G-ox), a superoxide-generating enzyme, Amb a 1 induced robust airway inflammation, which was significantly lowered by LF. Surprisingly, LF decreased also inflammation caused by Amb a 1 alone. Iron-saturated hololactoferrin had only a marginal effect on RWE-induced cellular ROS levels and RWE- or Amb a 1 plus G-ox-induced inflammation. We postulate that free iron in the airways chemically reduces O2*- to more reactive species which augment antigen-induced inflammation in a mouse model of asthma. Our results suggest the utility of LF in human allergic inflammatory disorders.
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Chow SK, Hakozaki H, Price DL, MacLean NAB, Deerinck TJ, Bouwer JC, Martone ME, Peltier ST, Ellisman MH. Automated microscopy system for mosaic acquisition and processing. J Microsc 2006; 222:76-84. [PMID: 16774516 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2006.01577.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An automatic mosaic acquisition and processing system for a multiphoton microscope is described for imaging large expanses of biological specimens at or near the resolution limit of light microscopy. In a mosaic, a larger image is created from a series of smaller images individually acquired systematically across a specimen. Mosaics allow wide-field views of biological specimens to be acquired without sacrificing resolution, providing detailed views of biological specimens within context. The system is composed of a fast-scanning, multiphoton, confocal microscope fitted with a motorized, high-precision stage and custom-developed software programs for automatic image acquisition, image normalization, image alignment and stitching. Our current capabilities allow us to acquire data sets comprised of thousands to tens of thousands of individual images per mosaic. The large number of individual images involved in creating a single mosaic necessitated software development to automate both the mosaic acquisition and processing steps. In this report, we describe the methods and challenges involved in the routine creation of very large scale mosaics from brain tissue labelled with multiple fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Chow
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Basic Science Building, Room 1000, La Jolla, CA 92093-0608, U.S.A
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Boldogh I, Bacsi A, Choudhury BK, Dharajiya N, Alam R, Hazra TK, Mitra S, Goldblum RM, Sur S. ROS generated by pollen NADPH oxidase provide a signal that augments antigen-induced allergic airway inflammation. J Clin Invest 2005; 115:2169-79. [PMID: 16075057 PMCID: PMC1180538 DOI: 10.1172/jci24422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2005] [Accepted: 05/10/2005] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pollen exposure induces allergic airway inflammation in sensitized subjects. The role of antigenic pollen proteins in the induction of allergic airway inflammation is well characterized, but the contribution of other constituents in pollen grains to this process is unknown. Here we show that pollen grains and their extracts contain intrinsic NADPH oxidases. The pollen NADPH oxidases rapidly increased the levels of ROS in lung epithelium as well as the amount of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in airway-lining fluid. These oxidases, as well as products of oxidative stress (such as GSSG and 4-HNE) generated by these enzymes, induced neutrophil recruitment to the airways independent of the adaptive immune response. Removal of pollen NADPH oxidase activity from the challenge material reduced antigen-induced allergic airway inflammation, the number of mucin-containing cells in airway epithelium, and antigen-specific IgE levels in sensitized mice. Furthermore, challenge with Amb a 1, the major antigen in ragweed pollen extract that does not possess NADPH oxidase activity, induced low-grade allergic airway inflammation. Addition of GSSG or 4-HNE to Amb a 1 challenge material boosted allergic airway inflammation. We propose that oxidative stress generated by pollen NADPH oxidases (signal 1) augments allergic airway inflammation induced by pollen antigen (signal 2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77555, USA
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Abstract
A computer-controlled microscopy system was devised to allow the observation of avian embryo development over an extended time period. Parallel experiments, as well as extended specimen volumes, can be recorded at cellular resolution using a three-dimensional scanning procedure. The resulting large set of data is processed automatically into registered, focal- and positional-drift corrected mosaic images, assembled as montages of adjacent microscopic fields. The configuration of the incubator and a sterile embryo chamber prevents condensation of the humidified culturing atmosphere in the optical path and is compatible with both differential interference contrast and epifluorescence optics. As a demonstration, recordings are presented showing the large-scale remodelling of the embryonic primordial vascular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Czirók
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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Fischer P, Eimüller T, Glück S, Schütz G, Tsunashima S, Kumazawa M, Takagi N, Denbeaux G, Attwood D. High Resolution Imaging of Magnetic Domains with Magnetic Soft X-ray Microscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.3379/jmsjmag.25.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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