1
|
Prabhu AR, Rao IR, Nagaraju SP, Rajwar E, Venkatesh BT, Nair N S, Pai G, Reddy NP, Suvarna D. Interventions for dialysis patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023; 4:CD007003. [PMID: 37096802 PMCID: PMC10130818 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd007003.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients on dialysis, causes chronic liver disease, may increase the risk of death, and impacts kidney transplant outcomes. Direct-acting antivirals have replaced interferons because of better efficacy and tolerability. This is an update of a review first published in 2015. OBJECTIVES We aimed to look at the benefits and harms of interventions for HCV in CKD patients on dialysis: death, disease relapse, treatment response/discontinuation, time to recovery, quality of life (QoL), cost-effectiveness, and adverse events. We aimed to study comparisons of available interventions, compared with placebo, control, with each other and with newer treatments. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Kidney and Transplant's Specialised Register to 23 February 2023 through contact with the Information Specialist using search terms relevant to this review. Studies in the Register are identified through searches of CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE, handsearching conference proceedings, and searching the International Clinical Trials Register Portal (ICTRP) and ClinicalTrials.gov. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-RCTs, first period of randomised cross-over studies on interventions for HCV in CKD on dialysis were considered. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Summary estimates of effect were obtained using a random-effects model, and results were expressed as risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Confidence in the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. MAIN RESULTS Three studies were included in this update, therefore 13 studies (997 randomised participants) met our inclusion criteria. Overall, the risk of bias was judged low in seven studies, unclear in four, low to unclear in one, and high in one study. Interventions included standard interferon, pegylated (PEG) interferon, standard or PEG interferon plus ribavirin; direct-acting antivirals, and direct-acting antivirals plus PEG interferon plus ribavirin. Compared to placebo or control, standard interferon may make little or no difference to death (5 studies, 134 participants: RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.06 to 13.23) or relapse (low certainty evidence), probably improves end-of-treatment response (ETR) (5 studies, 132 participants: RR 8.62, 95% CI 3.03 to 24.55; I² = 0%) (moderate certainty evidence), and probably makes little or no difference to sustained virological response (SVR) (4 studies, 98 participants: RR 3.25, 95% CI 0.81 to 13.07; I² = 53%), treatment discontinuation (4 studies, 116 participants: RR 4.59, 95% CI 0.49 to 42.69; I² = 63%), and adverse events (5 studies, 143 participants: RR 3.56, 95% CI 0.98 to 13.01; I² = 25%) (moderate certainty evidence). In low certainty evidence, PEG interferon (1 study, 50 participants) may improve ETR (RR 1.53, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.15) but may make little or no difference to death (RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.01 to 7.81), SVR (RR 2.40, 95% CI 0.99 to 5.81), treatment discontinuation (RR 0.11, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.96), adverse events (RR 0.11, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.96) and relapses (21/38 relapsed) (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.41 to 1.25) compared to standard interferon. In moderate certainty evidence, high-dose PEG interferon (alpha-2a and alpha-2b) may make little or no difference to death (2 studies, 97 participants: RR 4.30, 95% CI 0.76 to 24.33; I² = 0%), ETR (RR 1.42, 95% CI 0.51 to 3.90; I² = 20%), SVR (RR 1.19, 95% CI 0.68 to 2.07; I² = 0%), treatment discontinuation (RR 1.20, 95% CI 0.63 to 2.28; I² = 0%) or adverse events (RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.61 to 1.83; I² = 27%) compared to low-dose PEG interferon. High-dose PEG interferon may make little or no difference to relapses (1 study, 43 participants: RR 1.11, 95% CI 0.45 to 2.77; low certainty evidence). There were no significant subgroup differences. Standard interferon plus ribavirin may lead to higher treatment discontinuation (1 study, 52 participants: RR 2.97, 95% CI 1.19 to 7.36; low certainty evidence) compared to standard interferon alone. In low certainty evidence, PEG interferon plus ribavirin (1 study, 377 participants) may improve SVR (RR 1.80, 95% CI 1.46 to 2.21), reduce relapses (RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.48), slightly increase the number with adverse events (RR 1.10, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.19), and may make little or no difference to ETR (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.09) compared to PEG interferon alone. The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of PEG interferon plus ribavirin on treatment discontinuation (RR 1.71, 95% CI 0.69 to 4.24) compared to PEG interferon alone. One study reported grazoprevir plus elbasvir improved ETR (173 participants: RR 174.99, 95% CI 11.03 to 2775.78; low certainty evidence) compared to placebo. It is uncertain whether telaprevir plus ribavirin (high versus low initial dose) plus PEG interferon for 24 versus 48 weeks (1 study, 35 participants) improves ETR (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.56) or SVR (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.56) because the certainty of the evidence is very low. Data on QoL, cost-effectiveness, cardiovascular outcomes and peritoneal dialysis were not available. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS In dialysis patients with HCV infection grazoprevir plus elbasvir probably improves ETR. There is no difference in ETR or SVR for combinations of telaprevir, ribavirin and PEG interferon given for different durations and doses. Though no longer in use, PEG interferon was more effective than standard interferon for ETR but not SVR. Increasing doses of PEG interferon did not improve responses. The addition of ribavirin to PEG interferon may result in fewer relapses, higher SVR, and higher numbers with adverse events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Attur Ravindra Prabhu
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Indu Ramachandra Rao
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Shankar Prasad Nagaraju
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Eti Rajwar
- Public Health Evidence South Asia (PHESA), Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Bhumika T Venkatesh
- Public Health Evidence South Asia (PHESA), Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sreekumaran Nair N
- Department of Medical Biometrics & Informatics (Biostatistics), Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) (Institution of National Importance Under Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India), Dhanvantri Nagar, India
| | - Ganesh Pai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | | | - Deepak Suvarna
- Department of Gastroenterology, JSS Medical College, Mysore, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jadoul M, Awan A, Berenguer M, Bruchfeld A, Fabrizi F, Goldberg D, Jia J, Kamar N, Mohamed R, Pessôa M, Pol S, Sise M, Martin P. KDIGO 2022 Clinical Practice Guideline FOR the Prevention, Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of Hepatitis C in Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int 2022; 102:S129-S205. [PMID: 36410841 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
3
|
Gantumur G, Batsaikhan B, Huang CI, Yeh ML, Huang CF, Lin YH, Lin TC, Liang PC, Liu TW, Lee JJ, Lin YC, Lin IL, Huang JF, Chuang WL, Yu ML, Tu HP, Dai CY. The association between hepatitis C virus infection and renal function. J Chin Med Assoc 2021; 84:757-765. [PMID: 34074934 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and chronic kidney disease (CKD) still remains controversial. We aimed to investigate whether HCV really affects renal function, and to analyze the association between clinical effects of CHC and decreased kidney function (assessed by glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) level). METHODS An estimated 3360 patients with HCV infection and 3360 age- and sex-matched community-based control individuals without HCV were enrolled (1:1, case and control ratio) in this study between 2004 and 2016. We used the modification of diet in renal diseases to calculate eGFR. Demographic and laboratory parameters were assessed, and appropriate statistical methods were performed for the analysis. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that serum alanine aminotransferase level (odds ratio [OR] 0.998; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.997-0.999; P = 0.001), platelet count (OR 0.997; 95% CI 0.995-0.999; p = 0.002), and hypertension (OR 1.31; 95% CI 1.03-1.66; P = 0.027) were significantly associated with HCV infection and serum triglyceride levels (OR 1.001; 95% CI 1.00-1.002; p = 0.005), platelet count (OR 0.996; 95% CI 0.995-0.997; p < 0.001), body mass index (BMI) >25 (OR 1.43; 95% CI 1.23-1.67; p < 0.001), hypertension (OR 1.69; 95% CI 1.42-1.99; p < 0.001), hyperlipidemia (OR 1.32; 95% CI 1.02-1.71; p = 0.035), and diabetes (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.03-1.71; p = 0.032) were significantly associated with a low eGFR (<90 mL/min/m3) in control subjects. The BMI >25 kg/m2, hypertension, and diabetes were found to be associated with low eGFR interaction with the HCV infection, via a multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Our study found that the patients with HCV infection are associated with a low eGFR compared with non-HCV-infected patients. This association is consistent in obese, diabetic, and hypertensive patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gantsetseg Gantumur
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research and Development, PubMend Medical Research Center, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Batbold Batsaikhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Ching-I Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine & Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Lun Yeh
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine & Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-Feng Huang
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine & Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Hung Lin
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine & Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Chun Lin
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine & Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-Cheng Liang
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine & Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ta-Wei Liu
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine & Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jia-Jung Lee
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ching Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - I-Ling Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jee-Fu Huang
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine & Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wan-Long Chuang
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine & Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine & Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hung-Pin Tu
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine & Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rajasekaran A, Franco RA, Overton ET, McGuire BM, Towns GC, Locke JE, Sawinski DL, Bell EK. Updated Pathway to Micro-elimination of Hepatitis C Virus in the Hemodialysis Population. Kidney Int Rep 2021; 6:1788-1798. [PMID: 34307975 PMCID: PMC8258460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection continues to be transmitted to hemodialysis (HD) patients within HD facilities globally. The goal of the World Health Organization to micro-eliminate HCV infection from the HD population by the year 2030 is not on target to be achieved. Obstacles to eliminate HCV in HD settings remain daunting due to a complex system created by a confluence of guidelines, legislation, regulation, and economics. HCV prevalence remains high and seroconversion continues among the HD patient population globally as a result of the HD procedure. Preventive strategies that effectively prevent HCV transmission, treatment-as-prevention, and rapid referral to treatment balanced with kidney transplant candidacy should be added to the current universal precautions approach. A safer system must be designed before HCV transmission can be halted and eliminated from the HD population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arun Rajasekaran
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ricardo A. Franco
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Edgar T. Overton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Brendan M. McGuire
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Graham C. Towns
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jayme E. Locke
- Comprehensive Transplant Institute, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Deirdre L. Sawinski
- Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emmy K. Bell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Causes of death in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in Japan: 10-year outcomes of the Q-Cohort Study. Clin Exp Nephrol 2021; 25:1121-1130. [PMID: 34100165 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-021-02089-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the mortality rate in patients on hemodialysis remains extremely high, detailed information on causes of death over long-term periods is limited. The aim of this study was to clarify the underlying causes of death in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in Japan. METHODS This was a 10-year, multicenter, observational study of 3528 outpatients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in Japan. Clinical outcomes were analyzed and causes of death were classified into six broad categories including cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases, malignant neoplasms, cachexia, trauma/accidents, and other diseases, and more detailed subcategories. RESULTS During the 10-year follow-up period, 1748 (49.5%) patients died. The most frequent causes of death were cardiovascular diseases (36.1%), followed by infectious diseases (25.8%) and malignant neoplasms (13.5%). In a detailed classification, sudden death, pulmonary infection, and lung cancer were the most common causes of death in cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases, and malignant neoplasms, respectively. CONCLUSION Our study determined details on causes of death in Japanese hemodialysis patients during the 10-year follow-up period. Cardiovascular disease, especially sudden death is noticeable cause of death among patients on hemodialysis.
Collapse
|
6
|
Ko K, Nagashima S, Yamamoto C, Takahashi K, Matsuo J, Ohisa M, Akita T, Matyakubov J, Mirzaev U, Katayama K, Masaki T, Tanaka J. Eighteen-year follow-up cohort study on hepatitis B and C virus infections related long-term prognosis among hemodialysis patients in Hiroshima. J Med Virol 2020; 92:3436-3447. [PMID: 32579260 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence trend of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections and their genotype distribution among hemodialysis patients, determining their long-term prognosis and the risk factors to the mortality. This cohort study used both the medical data and the blood samples of hemodialysis patients at nine dialysis centers in Hiroshima from 1999 to 2017. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV were screened and then amplification was done to positive sera by polymerase chain reaction for genotyping. Data were employed for multiple regressions to determine the associated risk factors. A total of 3968 patients were subdivided into three groups: who started hemodialysis before 1990, during 1991 to 2001, and after 2002. The periodic prevalence of HBsAg decreased from 2.8% to 1.3% and that of anti-HCV from 33.3% to 9.5% in the three groups. By multiple regressions, the adjusted hazard ratio of diabetes mellitus (DM) ranges from 1.59 to 2.12 and that of HCV RNA positivity ranges from 1.18 to 1.48 (P < .05). Heart failure is the primary cause of death in all groups. Genotype C2 is predominant for HBV and genotype 1b is predominant for HCV. The decreasing trend of both HBV and HCV was found in the cohort. DM and HCV RNA were the significant risk factors leading to poor prognosis among hemodialysis patients. The similar genotype distribution of both HBV and HCV was found as general population. This alarmed to provide early diagnosis, prompt, and adequate treatment to HCV infection among hemodialysis patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ko Ko
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shintaro Nagashima
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chikako Yamamoto
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takahashi
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Junko Matsuo
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohisa
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Akita
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Jamshid Matyakubov
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Epidemiological Monitoring Unit, Khorezm Regional Center to fight againt HIV/AIDS, Khorezm Region, Urgench, Uzbekistan
| | - Ulugbek Mirzaev
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Hepatology, Scientific Research Institute of Virology, Ministry of Health of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Keiko Katayama
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takao Masaki
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Junko Tanaka
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li C, Liang J, Xiang H, Chen H, Tian J. Effectiveness of direct-acting antivirals in maintenance hemodialysis patients complicated with chronic hepatitis C. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23384. [PMID: 33235113 PMCID: PMC7710190 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is very common in maintenance hemodialysis patients, causing high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and adverse events of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in maintenance hemodialysis patients complicated with chronic hepatitis C in real-world clinical practice.In this retrospective observational study, hemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C infection in the Third Central Hospital of Tianjin outpatient were screened, and appropriate treatment plans were selected accordingly. Totally 25 patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C and treated with DAAs for 12 weeks or 24 weeks were included. The sustained virologic response (SVR) rate obtained 12 weeks post-treatment (SVR12) was evaluated. Laboratory indexes and adverse reactions during the treatment process were also assessed.A total of 25 cases met the eligibility criteria and provided informed consent. Except for 1 patient who discontinued the treatment due to gastrointestinal bleeding, the remaining 24 cases completed the treatment cycle with 100% rapid virologic response (RVR) and 100% SVR12, with no serious adverse reactions recorded.Maintenance hemodialysis patients complicated with chronic hepatitis C in Chinese real-world setting tolerate DAAs very well, with a viral response rate reaching 100%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Li
- Depatrment of Nephrology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin
| | - Jing Liang
- Depatrment of Nephrology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin
| | - Huiling Xiang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Blood Purification Center, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jadoul M, Bieber BA, Martin P, Akiba T, Nwankwo C, Arduino JM, Goodkin DA, Pisoni RL. Prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 2020; 95:939-947. [PMID: 30904068 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common in dialysis patients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We used the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS, 1996-2015) to assess trends in the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for HCV infection as defined by a documented diagnosis or antibody positivity. Among prevalent hemodialysis patients, HCV prevalence was nearly 10% in 2012-2015. Prevalence ranged from 4% in Belgium to as high as 20% in the Middle East, with intermediate prevalence in China, Japan, Italy, Spain, and Russia. HCV prevalence decreased over time in most countries participating in more than one phase of DOPPS, and prevalence was around 5% among patients who had recently (<4 months) initiated dialysis. The incidence of HCV infection decreased from 2.9 to 1.2 per 100 patient-years in countries participating in the initial phase of DOPPS. Although most units reported no seroconversions, 10% of units experienced 3 or more cases over a median of 1.1 years. High HCV prevalence in the hemodialysis unit was a powerful facility-level risk factor for seroconversion, but the use of isolation stations for HCV-positive patients was not associated with significantly lower seroconversion rates. Overall, despite a trend toward lower HCV prevalence among hemodialysis patients, the prevalence of HCV infection remains higher than in the general population. Combined with a high prevalence of HCV infection among patients with Stage 5 CKD, high rates of HCV seroconversion in a subset of hemodialysis units may contribute to this disparity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Jadoul
- Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Brian A Bieber
- Arbor Research Collaborative for Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Takashi Akiba
- Department of Blood Purification and Internal Medicine, Kidney Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - David A Goodkin
- Arbor Research Collaborative for Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ronald L Pisoni
- Arbor Research Collaborative for Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Safety and efficacy of glecaprevir and pibrentasvir in Japanese hemodialysis patients with genotype 2 hepatitis C virus infection. J Gastroenterol 2019; 54:641-649. [PMID: 30778716 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-019-01556-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Until recently, interferon-free anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapy for genotype 2 (GT2) HCV-infected hemodialysis patients was an unfulfilled medical need. Recent clinical trials of glecaprevir and pibrentasvir (G/P) for hemodialysis patients showed high efficacy and safety; however, the number of GT2 HCV-infected patients, especially Asian patients, was limited and most of them were treated with a 12-week regimen. In this prospective multicenter study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of G/P in Japanese hemodialysis patients with GT2 HCV infection. METHODS Twenty-seven Japanese hemodialysis patients with GT2 HCV infection who were started on with 8- or 12-week G/P regimen between November 2017 and June 2018 were included and followed up for around 12 weeks after treatment completion. RESULTS Among the 27 included patients, 13 non-liver cirrhosis (LC) and direct-acting antivirals (DAAs)-naïve patients were treated with 8 weeks of G/P and 14 patients with LC (n = 13) or history of failure of DAAs (n = 1) were treated with a 12-week regimen. The overall sustained virological response at 12 weeks after treatment completion (SVR 12) was 96.3% (26/27). All patients with 8 weeks of treatment achieved SVR12. Two patients discontinued the therapy at 2 and 11 weeks after treatment initiation. The patient who discontinued at 2 weeks due to pruritus alone failed to respond to G/P. No patients experienced lethal adverse events during the therapy, and the most common adverse event was pruritus. CONCLUSIONS An 8- or 12-week G/P regimen is highly effective and safe in GT2 HCV-infected hemodialysis patients.
Collapse
|
10
|
Kansay S, Sekhon J, Rana S. Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus among hemodialysis patients in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in a developing country. Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS 2019; 40:120-125. [PMID: 31922101 PMCID: PMC6896388 DOI: 10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_53_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence in hemodialysis patients varies geographically, both within and between countries. High prevalence of these infections in dialysis patients reflects the increased presence of common risk factors for their acquisition, including transfusion, transplantation, history of drug abuse, plus susceptibility to nosocomial transmission during dialysis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the seroprevalence and clinical profile of HIV, HBV, and HCV patient's on hemodialysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical and epidemiological data of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in the dialysis unit of a teaching institution were obtained and analyzed over a 5 years' period. RESULTS A total of 127 males and 69 females were studied. Their mean age was 50.45 years. Out of the total 196 dialysis-dependent patients, 2 (1.02%) were seropositive for HIV antibodies, 6 (3.06%) were hepatitis B surface antigen positive, and 30 (15.30%) were anti-HCV antibody positive. There was no coexistence of HIV, HBV, and HCV markers. The major primary renal diseases in hemodialysis patients included diabetes mellitus (42%), hypertension (22%), chronic nephritis (15%), urologic diseases (6%), cystic renal diseases (4%), and others (11%). CONCLUSION Prevalence of transfusion-transmissible viral infections was higher among hemodialysis patients, especially HCV infection which was an alarming situation and therefore strict adherence to infection control strategies, barrier precautions, and preventive measures, including routine hepatitis B vaccination and regular virological follow-up were recommended along with regular education and training programs of technical and nursing personnel's involved with dialysis patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Kansay
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Gian Sagar Medical College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Jannat Sekhon
- Department of General Medicine, Gian Sagar Medical College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Saifi Rana
- Department of General Medicine, Gian Sagar Medical College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sette LHBC, Lopes EPDA, Guedes dos Anjos NC, Valente LM, Vieira de Oliveira SA, Lucena-Silva N. High prevalence of occult hepatitis C infection in predialysis patients. World J Hepatol 2019; 11:109-118. [PMID: 30705723 PMCID: PMC6354127 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v11.i1.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occult hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (OCI) may be associated with extrahepatic diseases and it is known that the patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who are on hemodialysis (HD) present a higher prevalence of this type of infection than the general population, with a worse clinical outcome. However, there are no data in the literature to assess the presence of OCI in patients prior to the initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and epidemiological aspects of OCI in patients with Predialysis CKD. We hypothesize that this infection could occur before RRT initiation.
AIM To research the status in predialysis patients when HD patients have high prevalence of OCI.
METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between 2015 and 2017. Adults with creatinine clearance < 60 mL/min·1.73 m2 (predialysis patients) were recruited to the study. Pregnant and postpartum women, patients with glomerulopathies, and patients showing positivity for serological markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV), HCV or human immunodeficiency virus infection were excluded. Patients were diagnosed with OCI according to test results of anti-HCV antibody negativity and HCV RNA positivity in either ultracentrifuged serum or, if serum-negative, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
RESULTS Among the 91 total patients included in the study, the prevalence of OCI was 16.5%. Among these 15 total OCI patients, 1 was diagnosed by 14 ultracentrifuged serum results and 14 were diagnosed by peripheral blood mononuclear cell results. Compared to the non-OCI group, the OCI patients presented higher frequency of older age (P = 0.002), patients with CKD of mixed etiology (P = 0.019), and patients with markers of previous HBV infection (i.e., combined positivity for anti-hepatitis B core protein antibody and anti-hepatitis B surface protein antibody) (P = 0.001).
CONCLUSION Among predialysis patients, OCI involved the elderly, patients with CKD of mixed etiology, and patients with previous HBV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lucila Maria Valente
- Nephrology-Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco 50670-901, Brazil
| | | | - Norma Lucena-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of the Aggeu Magalhães Institute - Fiocruz Pernambuco, Pernambuco 50670-420, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Suda G, Kurosaki M, Itakura J, Izumi N, Uchida Y, Mochida S, Hasebe C, Abe M, Haga H, Ueno Y, Masakane I, Abe K, Takahashi A, Ohira H, Furuya K, Baba M, Yamamoto Y, Kobayashi T, Kawakami A, Kumagai K, Terasita K, Ohara M, Kawagishi N, Umemura M, Nakai M, Sho T, Natsuizaka M, Morikawa K, Ogawa K, Sakamoto N. Safety and efficacy of elbasvir and grazoprevir in Japanese hemodialysis patients with genotype 1b hepatitis C virus infection. J Gastroenterol 2019; 54:78-86. [PMID: 30019127 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-018-1495-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in hemodialysis patients is high and results in a poor prognosis. Thus, safer and more effective treatment regimens are required. In this prospective multicenter study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of the novel HCV-NS5A-inhibitor, elbasvir, and protease inhibitor, grazoprevir in Japanese hemodialysis patients with genotype 1b HCV infection. METHODS This study is registered at the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN00002578. A total of 23 Japanese dialysis patients with genotype 1b HCV infection who were treated with elbasvir and grazoprevir between January 2017 and March 2018 and followed for more than 12 weeks after treatment completion were included. We evaluated the sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after treatment completion (SVR12) and safety during treatment. RESULTS Of the 23 patients, 7 had advanced liver fibrosis and 2 had a signature resistance-associated variant of NS5A (NS5A RAVs)-L31M/V or Y93H at baseline. All patients completed therapy, and 96.7% (22/23) of the patients achieved SVR12. All patients with advanced liver fibrosis and signature NS5A RAVs at baseline achieved SVR12 with a high safety profile. No patient experienced lethal or severe adverse events during therapy, and the most common adverse event was anemia. One patient, who was a non-responder to this therapy, had a history of failure with daclatasvir and asunaprevir therapies and had NS5A RAVs of A92K at baseline, but not signature NS5A RAVs. CONCLUSIONS Grazoprevir and elbasvir combination is highly effective and safe for hemodialysis patients with genotype 1b HCV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goki Suda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kurosaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Itakura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Namiki Izumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Uchida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mochida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Chitomi Hasebe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Masami Abe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Haga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ueno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | | | - Kazumichi Abe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ken Furuya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Japan Community Health Care Organization (JCHO) Hokkaido Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masaru Baba
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Japan Community Health Care Organization (JCHO) Hokkaido Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Kenichi Kumagai
- Mori City National Health Insurance Hospital, Mori, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Katsumi Terasita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Ohara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawagishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Machiko Umemura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masato Nakai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Takuya Sho
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Mitsuteru Natsuizaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Kenichi Morikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Koji Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Hemodialysis patients are at increased risk of infections, which are common adverse events among this patient population. We review factors contributing to infections among hemodialysis patients and epidemiology of common infections and outbreaks, including bloodstream infections, vascular access infections, and infections caused by bloodborne pathogens. Recommendations for prevention are discussed with emphasis on essential infection control practices for hemodialysis settings.
Collapse
|
14
|
Fabrizi F, Messa P. The epidemiology of HCV infection in patients with advanced CKD/ESRD: A global perspective. Semin Dial 2018; 32:93-98. [PMID: 30536715 DOI: 10.1111/sdi.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver disease in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is most commonly due to hepatitis C virus (HCV) and contributes to increased rates of mortality. Among the pre-dialysis population, the estimated prevalence of anti-HCV positivity is based on few, limited-size studies. In hemodialysis patients however, HCV remains very prevalent despite large declines in seropositivity rates in dialysis facilities in developed countries after preventive measures were adopted in the 1990s. Recent surveys indicate that the HCV seropositivity prevalence ranges from 1.4%-28.3%, and 4.7%-41.9%, among maintenance dialysis patients in developed and developing countries respectively. Although the full extent of dialysis unit-associated HCV transmission is unknown, outbreaks continue to occur, regardless of health system infrastucture. According to US Centers for Disease Control data, over 50% of health care-associated HCVoutbreaks reported from 2008 to 2015 occurred within dialysis facilities. Strict adherence to infection control procedures and routine serologic screening plays a pivotal role in preventing transmission of HCV within hemodialysis units, even in the setting of low HCV prevalence. With the advent of directly acting antivirals, cure of HCV-infected patients on maintenance hemodialysis will help reduce transmission within units and further lower the frequency of HCV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Fabrizi
- Division of Nephrology, Maggiore Hospital and IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Messa
- Division of Nephrology, Maggiore Hospital and IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy.,University School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Minutolo R, Aghemo A, Chirianni A, Fabrizi F, Gesualdo L, Giannini EG, Maggi P, Montinaro V, Paoletti E, Persico M, Perticone F, Petta S, Puoti M, Raimondo G, Rendina M, Zignego AL. Management of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with chronic kidney disease: position statement of the joint committee of Italian association for the study of the liver (AISF), Italian society of internal medicine (SIMI), Italian society of infectious and tropical disease (SIMIT) and Italian society of nephrology (SIN). Intern Emerg Med 2018; 13:1139-1166. [PMID: 30255464 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-018-1940-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is now considered a systemic disease due to the occurrence of extra-hepatic manifestations. Among these, the renal involvement is frequent. HCV infection, in fact, is strongly associated with proteinuria and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and negatively affects the prognosis of renal patients. In the last few years, availability of more specific and effective drugs against HCV has dramatically changed the clinical course of this disease. These drugs may provide further advantages in the CKD population as a whole by reducing progression of renal disease, mortality rate and by increasing the survival of graft in renal transplant recipients. The strict pathogenetic and prognostic link between HCV infection and CKD requires an ongoing relationship among the healthcare professionals involved in the treatment of both HCV infection and CKD. Therefore, Scientific Societies involved in the care of this high-risk population in Italy have organized a joint expert panel. The aim of the panel is to produce a position statement that can be used in daily clinical practice for the management of HCV infected patients across the whole spectrum of renal disease, from the conservative phase to renal replacement treatments (dialysis and transplantation). Sharing specific evidence-based expertise of different professional healthcare is the first step to obtain a common ground of knowledge on which to instate a model for multidisciplinary management of this high-risk population. Statements cover seven areas including epidemiology of CKD, HCV-induced glomerular damage, HCV-related renal risk, staging of liver disease in patients with CKD, prevention of transmission of HCV in hemodialysis units, treatment of HCV infection and management of HCV in kidney transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Minutolo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche, Neurologiche, Metaboliche e dell'Invecchiamento, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via M. Longo 50, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Alessio Aghemo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Chirianni
- Third Department of Infectious Diseases Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fabrizi
- Division of Nephrology, Maggiore Hospital and IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Edoardo G Giannini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Maggi
- Infectious Disease Clinic, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Montinaro
- Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Ernesto Paoletti
- Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, University of Genoa and Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marcello Persico
- Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesco Perticone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Salvatore Petta
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Di.Bi.M.I.S., University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Massimo Puoti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Niguarda Cà Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Raimondo
- Department of Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Rendina
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Linda Zignego
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Interdepartmental Hepatology Center MaSVE, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gordon CE, Balk EM, Francis JM. Summary of the 2018 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Guideline on hepatitis C in chronic kidney disease. Semin Dial 2018; 32:187-195. [PMID: 30496617 DOI: 10.1111/sdi.12768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
KDIGO recently updated its clinical practice guideline for the prevention, diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The management of HCV in patients with CKD has dramatically shifted over the past 10 years with the development of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents and subsequent demonstration of their efficacy in CKD populations. The opportunity to cure HCV with DAA treatment has impacted all aspects of the KDIGO guideline on HCV in CKD including: (a) HCV diagnosis in CKD populations; (b) HCV treatment in CKD populations; (c) preventing HCV transmission in HD units; (d) management of HCV before and after kidney transplantation; and (e) management of HCV-associated glomerular disease. This review summarizes and discusses the major recommendations, along with the implication of the guideline on clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Craig E Gordon
- Division of Nephrology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ethan M Balk
- Center for Evidence Synthesis in Health, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jean M Francis
- Renal Section, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Henson JB, Sise ME. The association of hepatitis C infection with the onset of CKD and progression into ESRD. Semin Dial 2018; 32:108-118. [PMID: 30496620 DOI: 10.1111/sdi.12759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is not only an important cause of chronic liver disease, but extrahepatic manifestations are common and include chronic kidney disease (CKD). HCV is classically associated with cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis in the context of mixed cryoglobulinemia syndrome, but other glomerular diseases also occur and may be significantly under-recognized. HCV may cause glomerular disease by immune complex deposition; however, other potential mechanisms by which HCV promotes CKD include a direct cytopathic effect of the virus on renal tissue, and by its association with accelerated atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation. Epidemiologic studies show HCV infection confers an increased risk of incident CKD and accelerates progression of CKD to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the general population, as well as subpopulations including diabetic patients, those coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and kidney transplant recipients. Patients with CKD and HCV infection experience inferior clinical outcomes, including poorer quality of life and an increased risk of mortality. Treatment with interferon-based regimens is associated with decreased risk of incident CKD and ESRD, though prior studies are limited by the small number of patients with HCV and CKD who underwent treatment. With the advent of new, well-tolerated direct-acting antiviral combinations that are not cleared by the kidneys, it is possible to treat all genotypes of HCV infection in patients with CKD and ESRD. More data on the effect of direct-acting antivirals on CKD incidence and progression are necessary. However, there is every expectation that with improved access to HCV treatment, the burden of CKD in patients with HCV could significantly decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline B Henson
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Meghan E Sise
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Minutolo R, Aghemo A, Chirianni A, Fabrizi F, Gesualdo L, Giannini EG, Maggi P, Montinaro V, Paoletti E, Persico M, Perticone F, Petta S, Puoti M, Raimondo G, Rendina M, Zignego AL. Management of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with chronic kidney disease: position statement of the joint committee of Italian association for the study of the liver (AISF), Italian society of internal medicine (SIMI), Italian society of infectious and tropical disease (SIMIT) and Italian society of nephrology (SIN). Dig Liver Dis 2018; 50:1133-1152. [PMID: 30266305 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is now considered a systemic disease due to the occurrence of extra-hepatic manifestations. Among these, the renal involvement is frequent. HCV infection, in fact, is strongly associated with proteinuria and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and negatively affects the prognosis of renal patients. In the last few years, availability of more specific and effective drugs against HCV has dramatically changed the clinical course of this disease. These drugs may provide further advantages in the CKD population as a whole by reducing progression of renal disease, mortality rate and by increasing the survival of graft in renal transplant recipients. The strict pathogenetic and prognostic link between HCV infection and CKD requires an ongoing relationship among the healthcare professionals involved in the treatment of both HCV infection and CKD. Therefore, Scientific Societies involved in the care of this high-risk population in Italy have organized a joint expert panel. The aim of the panel is to produce a position statement that can be used in daily clinical practice for the management of HCV infected patients across the whole spectrum of renal disease, from the conservative phase to renal replacement treatments (dialysis and transplantation). Sharing specific evidence-based expertise of different professional healthcare is the first step to obtain a common ground of knowledge on which to instate a model for multidisciplinary management of this high-risk population. Statements cover seven areas including epidemiology of CKD, HCV-induced glomerular damage, HCV-related renal risk, staging of liver disease in patients with CKD, prevention of transmission of HCV in hemodialysis units, treatment of HCV infection and management of HCV in kidney transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Minutolo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche, Neurologiche, Metaboliche e dvecchiamento, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via M. Longo 50, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Alessio Aghemo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy; Division of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Chirianni
- Third Department of Infectious Diseases Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fabrizi
- Division of Nephrology, Maggiore Hospital and IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Edoardo G Giannini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Maggi
- Infectious Disease Clinic, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Montinaro
- Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Ernesto Paoletti
- Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, University of Genoa and Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marcello Persico
- Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesco Perticone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Salvatore Petta
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Di.Bi.M.I.S., University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Massimo Puoti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Niguarda Cà Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Raimondo
- Department of Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Rendina
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Linda Zignego
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Interdepartmental Hepatology Center MaSVE, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
KDIGO 2018 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Prevention, Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of Hepatitis C in Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int Suppl (2011) 2018; 8:91-165. [PMID: 30675443 PMCID: PMC6336217 DOI: 10.1016/j.kisu.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
20
|
Minutolo R, Aghemo A, Chirianni A, Fabrizi F, Gesualdo L, Giannini EG, Maggi P, Montinaro V, Paoletti E, Persico M, Perticone F, Petta S, Puoti M, Raimondo G, Rendina M, Zignego AL. Management of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with chronic kidney disease: position statement of the joint committee of Italian association for the study of the liver (AISF), Italian society of internal medicine (SIMI), Italian society of infectious and tropical disease (SIMIT) and Italian society of nephrology (SIN). Infection 2018; 47:141-168. [PMID: 30255389 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-018-1209-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is now considered a systemic disease due to the occurrence of extra-hepatic manifestations. Among these, the renal involvement is frequent. HCV infection, in fact, is strongly associated with proteinuria and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and negatively affects the prognosis of renal patients. In the last few years, availability of more specific and effective drugs against HCV has dramatically changed the clinical course of this disease. These drugs may provide further advantages in the CKD population as a whole by reducing progression of renal disease, mortality rate and by increasing the survival of graft in renal transplant recipients. The strict pathogenetic and prognostic link between HCV infection and CKD requires an ongoing relationship among the healthcare professionals involved in the treatment of both HCV infection and CKD. Therefore, Scientific Societies involved in the care of this high-risk population in Italy have organized a joint expert panel. The aim of the panel is to produce a position statement that can be used in daily clinical practice for the management of HCV infected patients across the whole spectrum of renal disease, from the conservative phase to renal replacement treatments (dialysis and transplantation). Sharing specific evidence-based expertise of different professional healthcare is the first step to obtain a common ground of knowledge on which to instate a model for multidisciplinary management of this high-risk population. Statements cover seven areas including epidemiology of CKD, HCV-induced glomerular damage, HCV-related renal risk, staging of liver disease in patients with CKD, prevention of transmission of HCV in hemodialysis units, treatment of HCV infection and management of HCV in kidney transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Minutolo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche, Neurologiche, Metaboliche e dell'Invecchiamento, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via M. Longo 50, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Alessio Aghemo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,Division of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Chirianni
- Third Department of Infectious Diseases Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fabrizi
- Division of Nephrology, Maggiore Hospital and IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Edoardo G Giannini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Maggi
- Infectious Disease Clinic, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Montinaro
- Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Ernesto Paoletti
- Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, University of Genoa and Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marcello Persico
- Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesco Perticone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Salvatore Petta
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Di.Bi.M.I.S., University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Massimo Puoti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Niguarda Cà Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Raimondo
- Department of Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Rendina
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Linda Zignego
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Interdepartmental Hepatology Center MaSVE, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Management of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with chronic kidney disease: position statement of the joint committee of Italian association for the study of the liver (AISF), Italian society of internal medicine (SIMI), Italian society of infectious and tropical disease (SIMIT) and Italian society of nephrology (SIN). J Nephrol 2018; 31:685-712. [PMID: 30255440 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-018-0523-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is now considered a systemic disease due to the occurrence of extra-hepatic manifestations. Among these, the renal involvement is frequent. HCV infection, in fact, is strongly associated with proteinuria and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and negatively affects the prognosis of renal patients. In the last few years, availability of more specific and effective drugs against HCV has dramatically changed the clinical course of this disease. These drugs may provide further advantages in the CKD population as a whole by reducing progression of renal disease, mortality rate and by increasing the survival of graft in renal transplant recipients. The strict pathogenetic and prognostic link between HCV infection and CKD requires an ongoing relationship among the healthcare professionals involved in the treatment of both HCV infection and CKD. Therefore, Scientific Societies involved in the care of this high-risk population in Italy have organized a joint expert panel. The aim of the panel is to produce a position statement that can be used in daily clinical practice for the management of HCV infected patients across the whole spectrum of renal disease, from the conservative phase to renal replacement treatments (dialysis and transplantation). Sharing specific evidence-based expertise of different professional healthcare is the first step to obtain a common ground of knowledge on which to instate a model for multidisciplinary management of this high-risk population. Statements cover seven areas including epidemiology of CKD, HCV-induced glomerular damage, HCV-related renal risk, staging of liver disease in patients with CKD, prevention of transmission of HCV in hemodialysis units, treatment of HCV infection and management of HCV in kidney transplantation.
Collapse
|
22
|
Morisawa N, Koshima Y, Kuriyama S, Matsuyama M, Hayashi N, Satoh JI, Amemiya M, Yokoo T. Effectiveness of a fixed combination formula of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir for hepatitis C virus infection in patients on maintenance haemodialysis. Nephrology (Carlton) 2018. [PMID: 28621007 DOI: 10.1111/nep.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A fixed-dose formula that combines Ombitasvir (OBV), Paritaprevir (PTV) and Ritonavir (RTV) has been launched into the field of anti-HCV therapy in Japan for patients infected with HCV genotypes 1 and 2 in 2015. However, little is yet known as to the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy in patients on maintenance haemodialysis (HD). The present report describes a preliminary experience in 10 patients (five males and five females) who underwent maintenance HD. All of them had HCV genotype 1b, without having the resistance-associated variants at Y93 or L31 in the nonstructural proteins 5A (NS5A) region. After the treatment, eight patients successfully achieved virus eradication and sustained a virological response at 12 weeks (SVR12). In addition, mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi), a biomarker for liver fibrosis, was reduced after the therapy. Two patients withdrew from the therapy due to the development of erythema multiforme and a strong drowsiness, respectively. These results suggest that triple therapy combining OBV, PTV and RTV is effective in achieving SVR12 in most of the HCV-infected patients on HD. In addition, this combination therapy contributed to retard the progression of liver fibrosis. However, we suggest that further trial will be required to establish its clinical efficacy and safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norihiko Morisawa
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yohei Koshima
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoru Kuriyama
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Momoko Matsuyama
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naomi Hayashi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Satoh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Morimasa Amemiya
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokoo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Suda G, Ogawa K, Morikawa K, Sakamoto N. Treatment of hepatitis C in special populations. J Gastroenterol 2018; 53:591-605. [PMID: 29299684 PMCID: PMC5910474 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-017-1427-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the primary causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In hemodialysis patients, the rate of HCV infection is high and is moreover associated with a poor prognosis. In liver transplantation patients with HCV infection, recurrent HCV infection is universal, and re-infected HCV causes rapid progression of liver fibrosis and graft loss. Additionally, in patients with HCV and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, liver fibrosis progresses rapidly. Thus, there is an acute need for prompt treatment of HCV infection in these special populations (i.e., hemodialysis, liver transplantation, HIV co-infection). However, until recently, the standard anti-HCV treatment involved the use of interferon-based therapy. In these special populations, interferon-based therapies could not achieve a high rate of sustained viral response and moreover were associated with a higher rate of adverse events. With the development of novel direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), the landscape of anti-HCV therapy for special populations has changed dramatically. Indeed, in special populations treated with interferon-free DAAs, the sustained viral response rate was above 90%, with a lower incidence and severity of adverse events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goki Suda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Koji Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Kenichi Morikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Fabrizi F, Dixit V, Martin P, Messa P. The Evidence-Based Epidemiology of HCV-Associated Kidney Disease. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139881203500901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Fabrizi
- Division of Nephrology, Maggiore Hospital, IRCCS Foundation, Milan - Italy
- Division of Hepatology, School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida - USA
| | - Vivek Dixit
- Division of Hepatology, School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida - USA
| | - Paul Martin
- Division of Hepatology, School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida - USA
| | - Piergiorgio Messa
- Division of Nephrology, Maggiore Hospital, IRCCS Foundation, Milan - Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Suda G, Furusyo N, Toyoda H, Kawakami Y, Ikeda H, Suzuki M, Arataki K, Mori N, Tsuji K, Katamura Y, Takaguchi K, Ishikawa T, Tsuji K, Shimada N, Hiraoka A, Yamsaki S, Nakai M, Sho T, Morikawa K, Ogawa K, Kudo M, Nagasaka A, Furuya K, Yamamoto Y, Kato K, Ueno Y, Iio E, Tanaka Y, Kurosaki M, Kumada T, Chayama K, Sakamoto N. Daclatasvir and asunaprevir in hemodialysis patients with hepatitis C virus infection: a nationwide retrospective study in Japan. J Gastroenterol 2018; 53:119-128. [PMID: 28560477 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-017-1353-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common in hemodialysis patients and worsens their prognosis, while antiviral therapy options are limited. Recently, clinical trial and real-world, small-scale studies have reported excellent responses to direct-acting antivirals in patients with advanced chronic kidney diseases. However, real-world, large-scale data were lacking. This large multicenter analysis included HCV-infected hemodialysis patients receiving combination therapy with a nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) inhibitor, daclatasvir (DCV), and a protease inhibitor, asunaprevir (ASV). METHODS Twenty-three centers in Japan participated in this study of 123 hemodialysis patients with genotype 1 HCV infection, who received DCV/ASV combination therapy between November 2014 and March 2016. We collected and analyzed data relating to treatment outcome, baseline clinical information, laboratory measurements (during and after the treatment), and adverse events. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients (31.7%) had advanced liver fibrosis, 12 (9.8%) had histories of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and 18 (14.6%) had baseline resistance-associated variants (RAVs) of NS5A. The overall sustained virological response (SVR)12 rate was 95.9% (118/123). Notably, all patients with HCC and 94.4% (17/18) of those with NS5A RAVs achieved SVR12. Significant factors associated with non-SVR were advanced fibrosis and the interleukin-28B non-TT genotype at rs8099917. Four patients (3.3%) discontinued therapy because of adverse events including elevated serum alanine transaminase levels (n = 2), rash (n = 1), and HCC (n = 1); all of these achieved SVR12. CONCLUSIONS This real-world, nationwide study revealed that DCV/ASV combination therapy was safe and highly effective for hemodialysis patients with genotype 1 HCV infections. This study was registered at the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000024227).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goki Suda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Norihiro Furusyo
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hidenori Toyoda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshiiku Kawakami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ikeda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Michihiro Suzuki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology/Liver Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology/Liver Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshio Katamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Onomichi General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koichi Takaguchi
- Department of Hepatology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Toru Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saiseikai Niigata Daini Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Tsuji
- Center for Gastroenterology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Noritomo Shimada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ootakanomori Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hiraoka
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Sho Yamsaki
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masato Nakai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Takuya Sho
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Kenichi Morikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Koji Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Mineo Kudo
- Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Ken Furuya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Japan Community Health Care Organization (JCHO) Hokkaido Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Kanji Kato
- Iwamisawa Manicipal General Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ueno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Etsuko Iio
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kurosaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kumada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence has been accumulated during the last decade showing that HCV infection plays an important activity at hepatic and extra-hepatic level. Chronic HCV is associated with a large spectrum of extra-hepatic manifestations including lympho-proliferative diseases and metabolic abnormalities (such as insulin resistance and fatty liver disease). MATERIAL AND METHODS We have performed an extensive review of the medical literature regarding the increased risk of cardiovascular and kidney disease that has been observed in various groups of HCV-infected patients. The potential link between such increased risk and the metabolic consequences of chronic HCV infection has been explored. RESULTS According to a systematic review with a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies (n = 9 clinical observational studies; n = 1,947,034 unique patients), we found a strong relationship between positive anti-HCV serologic status and increased incidence of chronic kidney disease in the adult general population, the summary estimate for adjusted hazard ratio was 1.43 (95% confidence intervals, 1.23; 1.63, P = 0.0001) (random-effects model) in anti-HCV positive patients. In another meta-analysis of clinical observational studies (n = 145,608 unique patients on long term dialysis; n = 14 observational studies), anti-HCV sero-positive status was an independent and significant risk factor for death in patients on maintenance dialysis. The summary estimate for adjusted relative risk (all-cause mortality) was 1.35 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.25; 1.47 (P < 0.01) in anti-HCV positive patients on maintenance dialysis. An updated and stratified analysis (n = 4 studies, n = 91,916 patients on maintenance dialysis) resulted in an adjusted HR for cardiovascular mortality among anti-HCV positive patients of 1.21 (95% CI, 1.06; 1.39) (P < 0.01); the homogeneity assumption was not rejected. The mechanisms underlying such relationships remain unclear; it has been suggested that HCV promotes atherogenesis through direct and indirect mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS Clinical trials are under way to assess whether the clearance of HCV RNA from serum by direct-acting antiviral drugs reduces all cause or disease-specific (cardiovascular) mortality among patients on maintenance dialysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Fabrizi
- Division of Nephrology, Maggiore Hospital and IRCCS Foundation. Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca M Donato
- Division of Gastroenterology, Maggiore Hospital and IRCCS Foundation. Milano, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Messa
- Division of Nephrology, Maggiore Hospital and IRCCS Foundation, University School of Medicine. Milano, Italy Division of Nephrology, Maggiore Hospital and IRCCS Foundation. Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gane E, Lawitz E, Pugatch D, Papatheodoridis G, Bräu N, Brown A, Pol S, Leroy V, Persico M, Moreno C, Colombo M, Yoshida EM, Nelson DR, Collins C, Lei Y, Kosloski M, Mensa FJ. Glecaprevir and Pibrentasvir in Patients with HCV and Severe Renal Impairment. N Engl J Med 2017; 377:1448-1455. [PMID: 29020583 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1704053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is more prevalent among patients who have chronic kidney disease than among those who do not have the disease. Patients with chronic kidney disease who also have HCV infection are at higher risk for progression to end-stage renal disease than those who have chronic kidney disease without HCV infection. Patients with both HCV infection and advanced chronic kidney disease have limited treatment options. METHODS We conducted a multicenter, open-label, phase 3 trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of treatment with the combination of the NS3/4A protease inhibitor glecaprevir and the NS5A inhibitor pibrentasvir for 12 weeks in adults who had HCV genotype 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 infection and also had compensated liver disease (with or without cirrhosis) with severe renal impairment, dependence on dialysis, or both. Patients had stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease and either had received no previous treatment for HCV infection or had received previous treatment with interferon or pegylated interferon, ribavirin, sofosbuvir, or a combination of these medications. The primary end point was a sustained virologic response 12 weeks after the end of treatment. RESULTS Among the 104 patients enrolled in the trial, 52% had genotype 1 infection, 16% had genotype 2 infection, 11% had genotype 3 infection, 19% had genotype 4 infection, and 2% had genotype 5 or 6 infection. The sustained virologic response rate was 98% (102 of 104 patients; 95% confidence interval, 95 to 100). No patients had virologic failure during treatment, and no patients had a virologic relapse after the end of treatment. Adverse events that were reported in at least 10% of the patients were pruritus, fatigue, and nausea. Serious adverse events were reported in 24% of the patients. Four patients discontinued the trial treatment prematurely because of adverse events; three of these patients had a sustained virologic response. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with glecaprevir and pibrentasvir for 12 weeks resulted in a high rate of sustained virologic response in patients with stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease and HCV infection. (Funded by AbbVie; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02651194 .).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward Gane
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - Eric Lawitz
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - David Pugatch
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - Georgios Papatheodoridis
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - Norbert Bräu
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - Ashley Brown
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - Stanislas Pol
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - Vincent Leroy
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - Marcello Persico
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - Christophe Moreno
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - Massimo Colombo
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - Eric M Yoshida
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - David R Nelson
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - Christine Collins
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - Yang Lei
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - Matthew Kosloski
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| | - Federico J Mensa
- From the Liver Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (E.G.); the Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health, San Antonio (E.L.); AbbVie, North Chicago, IL (D.P., C.C., Y.L., M.K., F.J.M.); the Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens (G.P.); the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York - both in New York (N.B.); Imperial College Healthcare, London (A.B.); Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris (S.P.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble (V.L.) - both in France; the Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Salerno, Salerno (M.P.), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (M.C.), and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università di Milano, Milan (M.C.) - all in Italy; Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (C.M.); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.Y.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (D.R.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lai TS, Lee MH, Yang HI, You SL, Lu SN, Wang LY, Yuan Y, L'Italien G, Chien KL, Chen CJ. Hepatitis C viral load, genotype, and increased risk of developing end-stage renal disease: REVEAL-HCV study. Hepatology 2017; 66:784-793. [PMID: 28370058 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) remains controversial without considering the role of HCV viral load and genotype. This study aimed to determine whether HCV RNA level and genotype affect the risk of developing ESRD. Between 1991 and 1992, 19,984 participants aged 30-65 years were enrolled in a community-based prospective cohort study in Taiwan. Chronic HCV infection was defined by detectable HCV viral load. ESRD was determined as the need for chronic dialysis or renal transplantation. Conventional Cox proportional hazard and competing risk models were used to determine the hazard ratio (HR) for ESRD. After a median follow-up of 16.8 years, 204 cases were detected during 319,474 person-years. The incidence rates of ESRD for nonchronically HCV-infected and chronically HCV-infected patients were 60.2 and 194.3 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. The multivariable HR was 2.33 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.40-3.89) when comparing patients with and without chronic HCV infection. Patients with low and high HCV RNA levels were at higher risk of ESRD than those who were nonchronically HCV-infected (HR, 2.11, 95% CI 1.16-3.86, and HR, 3.06, 95% CI 1.23-7.58; Ptrend < 0.001). This association remained robust after taking pre-ESRD death as a competing event for ESRD. Patients with HCV genotype 1 tended to have a higher risk of developing ESRD (HR, 3.60 95% CI 1.83-7.07) compared with nonchronically HCV-infected subjects. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that chronic HCV infection is associated with an increased risk of developing ESRD and suggests that elevated serum levels of HCV RNA (>167,000 IU/mL) and HCV genotype 1 are strong predictors of ESRD, indicating clinical implications for the management of chronic HCV. (Hepatology 2017;66:784-793).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Shuan Lai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsuan Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hwai-I Yang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - San-Lin You
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Big Data Research Center, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Nan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yong Yuan
- Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ
| | - Gilbert L'Italien
- Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.,Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Kuo-Liong Chien
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lai TS, Lee MH, Yang HI, You SL, Lu SN, Wang LY, Yuan Y, L'Italien G, Chien KL, Chen CJ. High hepatitis C viral load and genotype 2 are strong predictors of chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2017; 92:703-709. [PMID: 28532708 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Associations between chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain controversial. Here we aimed to clarify the association between HCV viral load, genotype, and CKD in 13,805 participants aged 30-65 years enrolled in the REVEAL-HCV Study, a community-based prospective study conducted in 1991-1992. CKD was defined by consecutive proteinuria or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) under 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Chronic HCV infection was defined by detectable HCV viral load. Logistic regression models were used to estimate prevalence odds ratio of CKD for chronic HCV infection after adjusting for other risk factors. Compared to non-chronically HCV-infected participants, the adjusted prevalence odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for CKD was significantly increased to 1.91 (1.27-2.88) for chronically HCV-infected participants. Compared to non-chronically HCV-infected participants, the adjusted prevalence odds ratio of CKD was 1.21 (0.54-2.70), 1.40 (0.66-3.00) and 3.44 (1.92-6.14) for chronically HCV-infected participants with low to high tertiles of serum HCV RNA, respectively. The adjusted prevalence odds ratios of CKD were 0.54 (0.17-1.75) for participants with low HCV RNA and genotype 1, 1.80 (0.84-3.87) for those with low HCV RNA and genotype 2, 2.62 (1.11-6.17) for those with high HCV RNA and genotype 1 and 4.99 (2.25-11.06) for those with high HCV RNA and genotype 2, compared with non-chronically HCV-infected participants. Thus, chronic HCV infection is associated with an increased risk of CKD. High HCV viral load and HCV genotype 2 are strong CKD predictors.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Female
- Genotype
- Glomerular Filtration Rate
- Hepacivirus/physiology
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/blood
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/epidemiology
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/urine
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/virology
- Humans
- Liver Function Tests
- Logistic Models
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Odds Ratio
- Prevalence
- Prospective Studies
- Proteinuria/urine
- RNA, Viral/blood
- RNA, Viral/isolation & purification
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/blood
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/urine
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/virology
- Risk Factors
- Taiwan/epidemiology
- Viral Load
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Shuan Lai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu branch, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsuan Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hwai-I Yang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - San-Lin You
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Big Data Research Center, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Nan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yong Yuan
- Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Gilbert L'Italien
- Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kuo-Liong Chien
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Suda G, Ogawa K, Kimura M, Nakai M, Sho T, Morikawa K, Sakamoto N. Novel Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection for Patients with Renal Impairment. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2016; 4:320-327. [PMID: 28097101 PMCID: PMC5225152 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2016.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is high in patients with end-stage renal dysfunction, including patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). The HCV infection itself can cause glomerulonephritis and puts individuals at increased risk of developing end-stage renal disease; fortunately, successful HCV eradication sometimes restore HCV-related renal dysfunction. Moreover, the prognosis of dialysis patients infected with HCV is significantly worse and the renal allograft survival in HCV-infected patients is also worse than in dialysis patients without HCV infection. If life prognosis is favorable, therefore, anti-HCV therapy is strongly recommended for HCV-infected patients with severe renal dysfunction. The standard therapy for HCV-infected patients with severe renal dysfunction has historically been interferon-based therapy. However, this therapy remains ineffective in achieving high, sustained viral response rates and the rate of adverse events and treatment discontinuation due to treatment-induced adverse events continues to be high in patients with severe renal dysfunction. Safe and effective anti-HCV therapies are urgently needed, and crucial, for patients with severe renal dysfunction. Recently, direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) that specifically target viral proteins have been developed, and these targets include the NS3, NS5A, and NS5B of HCV. Clinical trials have revealed high efficacy and safety of the DAA-based therapies, but patients with severe renal dysfunction were not included in the majority of these trials. However, several recent reports have shown high efficacy and safety for some regimens of DAA combination therapy for HCV-infected patients with severe renal dysfunction. In this review, we discuss novel treatments for HCV-infected patients with severe renal dysfunction and the pharmacokinetics of these drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goki Suda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Koji Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Megumi Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masato Nakai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takuya Sho
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kenichi Morikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Efficacy and safety of daclatasvir and asunaprevir combination therapy in chronic hemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Gastroenterol 2016; 51:733-40. [PMID: 26768604 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-016-1162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HCV infection in chronic hemodialysis patients is high, has a poor prognosis and high risk of renal graft failure, and requires nosocomial infection control measures. However, options of anti-HCV therapy in such patients are limited and unsatisfactory. In this study, we report effectiveness and safety of HCV-NS5A-inhibitor daclatasvir (DCV) and protease-inhibitor asunaprevir (ASV) combination therapy for hemodialysis patients with HCV infection. METHODS This study was registered at the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000016355. Thirty-four dialysis patients were treated with DCV/ASV combination therapy between January 2015 and November 2015. Of those, 21 patients who were followed more than 12 weeks after treatment ended were included. We evaluated the 12-week sustained virologic response (SVR12) and adverse events during treatment. RESULTS Of the 21 patients, four had compensated liver cirrhosis and three had resistance-associated variant of NS5A (NS5A RAVs)-Y93H at baseline. Overall, total of 95.5 % (20/21) of the patients achieved SVR12. Of note, all patients with cirrhosis or NS5A RAVs achieved SVR12. One relapser patient at 4 weeks post-treatment had NS3 D168E RAVs at baseline. A total of 20 patients (95.5 %) completed the 24-week therapy. One patient discontinued treatment at week 12 due to ALT elevations and achieved SVR12. CONCLUSIONS DAV and ASV combination therapy for chronic hemodialysis patients with HCV infection was highly effective and well tolerated, even in elderly patients and patients with liver cirrhosis and NS5A-RAVs.
Collapse
|
32
|
Pockros PJ, Reddy KR, Mantry PS, Cohen E, Bennett M, Sulkowski MS, Bernstein DE, Cohen DE, Shulman NS, Wang D, Khatri A, Abunimeh M, Podsadecki T, Lawitz E. Efficacy of Direct-Acting Antiviral Combination for Patients With Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1 Infection and Severe Renal Impairment or End-Stage Renal Disease. Gastroenterology 2016; 150:1590-1598. [PMID: 26976799 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Although hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common in patients with end-stage renal disease, highly efficacious, well-tolerated, direct-acting antiviral regimens have not been extensively studied in this population. We investigated the safety and efficacy of ombitasvir co-formulated with paritaprevir and ritonavir, administered with dasabuvir (with or without ribavirin) in a prospective study of patients with stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS We performed a single-arm, multicenter study of treatment-naïve adults with HCV genotype 1 infection, without cirrhosis and with CKD stage 4 (estimated glomerular filtration rate, 15-30 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) or stage 5 (estimated glomerular filtration rate, <15 mL/min/1.73 m(2) or requiring hemodialysis). Twenty patients were given ombitasvir co-formulated with paritaprevir and ritonavir, administered with dasabuvir for 12 weeks. Patients with HCV genotype 1a infections also received ribavirin (n = 13), whereas those with genotype 1b infection did not (n = 7). The primary end point was sustained virologic response (serum HCV RNA <25 IU/mL) 12 weeks after treatment ended (SVR12). We collected data on on-treatment adverse events (AEs), serious AEs, and laboratory abnormalities. RESULTS All 20 patients completed 12 weeks of treatment. Eighteen of the 20 patients achieved SVR12 (90%; 95% confidence interval: 69.9-97.2). One patient death after the end of the treatment (unrelated to the treatment) and 1 relapse accounted for the 2 non-SVRs. Adverse events were primarily mild or moderate, and no patient discontinued treatment due to an AE. Four patients experienced serious AEs; all were considered unrelated to treatment. Ribavirin therapy was interrupted in 9 patients due to anemia; 4 received erythropoietin. No blood transfusions were performed. CONCLUSIONS In a clinical trial, the combination of ombitasvir, paritaprevir, and ritonavir, administered with dasabuvir, led to an SVR12 in 90% of patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and stage 4 or 5 CKD. The regimen is well tolerated, though RBV use may require a reduction or interruption to manage anemia. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT02207088.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Pockros
- Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Scripps Clinic and Scripps Translational Science Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - K Rajender Reddy
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Eric Cohen
- Infectious Disease Development, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Mark S Sulkowski
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David E Bernstein
- Division of Gastroenterology, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York
| | - Daniel E Cohen
- Infectious Disease Development, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nancy S Shulman
- Global Pharmaceutical Development, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois
| | - Deli Wang
- Statistics and Computer Sciences, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois
| | - Amit Khatri
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois
| | - Manal Abunimeh
- Infectious Disease Development, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois
| | - Thomas Podsadecki
- Global Pharmaceutical Development, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois
| | - Eric Lawitz
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hepatitis C Virus Infection Increases the Risk of Developing Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Dig Dis Sci 2015. [PMID: 26195311 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-015-3801-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE Chronic kidney disease and hepatitis C virus are prevalent in the general population worldwide, and controversy exists about the impact of HCV infection on the development and progression of kidney disease. DESIGN A systematic review of the published medical literature was made to assess whether positive anti-HCV serologic status plays an independent impact on the development of chronic kidney disease in the adult general population. We used a random-effects model to generate a summary estimate of the relative risk of chronic kidney disease (defined by reduced glomerular filtration rate or detectable proteinuria) with HCV across the published studies. Meta-regression and stratified analysis were also conducted. RESULTS Twenty-three studies (n = 2,842,421 patients) were eligible, and separate meta-analyses were performed according to the outcome. Pooling results of longitudinal studies (n = 9; 1,947,034 unique patients) demonstrated a relationship between positive HCV serologic status and increased incidence of chronic kidney disease, the summary estimate for adjusted hazard ratio was 1.43 (95% confidence interval 1.23; 1.63, P = 0.0001), and between-studies heterogeneity was noted (P value by Q test <0.0001). The risk of the incidence of chronic kidney disease associated with HCV, in the subset of Asian surveys, was 1.31 (95% confidence interval 1.16; 1.45) without heterogeneity (P value by Q test = 0.6). HCV positive serology was an independent risk factor for proteinuria; adjusted odds ratio, 1.508 (95% confidence intervals 1.19; 1.89, P = 0.0001) (n = 6 studies; 107,356 unique patients). CONCLUSIONS HCV infection is associated with an increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease in the adult general population.
Collapse
|
34
|
Prabhu RA, Nair S, Pai G, Reddy NP, Suvarna D, Cochrane Kidney and Transplant Group. Interventions for dialysis patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; 2015:CD007003. [PMID: 26287983 PMCID: PMC9208657 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd007003.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients on dialysis, causes chronic liver disease, increases mortality and impacts kidney transplant outcomes. Sustained response to the preferred treatment with standard or pegylated (PEG) interferon is seen in 39% with side effects necessitating treatment discontinuation in 20%. We collated evidence for treatment response and harms of interventions for HCV infection in dialysis. OBJECTIVES We aimed to look at the benefits and harms of various interventions for HCV infection in CKD patients on HD or peritoneal dialysis, specifically on mortality, disease relapse, response to treatment, treatment discontinuation, time to recovery, quality of life, cost effectiveness,adverse effects, and other outcomes. We aimed to study comparisons of available interventions with a placebo or control group, combinations of interventions with placebo or control group, interventions with each other singly and in combination, available standard interventions with newer treatment modalities. SEARCH METHODS We searched Cochrane Kidney and Transplant's Specialised Register to 24 March 2015 through contact with the Trials' Search Co-ordinator. We also checked references of reviews, studies and contacted study authors to identify additional studies. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-RCTs, first period of randomised cross-over studies on interventions for HCV in CKD on dialysis were considered. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by the Cochrane Collaboration and also collected adverse effects data listed in included RCTs. MAIN RESULTS Ten RCTs (361 participants) met our inclusion criteria. Five RCTs (152 participants, 134 analysed) with low to moderate quality of evidence compared standard recombinant interferon with placebo or control. There was no significant difference for mortality (5 studies (134 participants): RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.06 to 13.23), relapses (1 study (36 participants): RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.28 to 1.88), sustained virological response (4 studies (98 participants): RR 3.25, 95% CI 0.81 to 13.07), treatment discontinuation (4 studies (116 participants): RR 4.59, 95% CI 0.49 to 42.69) and number with adverse events (5 studies (143 participants): RR 3.56, 95% CI 0.98 to 13.01). End of treatment response was significantly more for standard interferon (5 studies (132 participants): RR 8.62, 95% CI 3.03 to 24.55). There was overall low to unclear risk of bias and no significant heterogeneity.One RCT (50 participants) with moderate quality of evidence compared PEG interferon and standard interferon. There was no significant difference in mortality (RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.01 to 7.81), relapses (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.41 to 1.25), sustained virological response (RR 2.40, 95% CI 0.99 to 5.81), treatment discontinuation (RR 0.11, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.96) and number with major adverse events (RR 0.11, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.96). End of treatment response was significantly more for PEG interferon (RR 1.53, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.15). There was overall low risk of bias.Two RCTs (97 participants) with moderate quality of evidence compared two doses of two different preparations of PEG interferon. Subgroup analysis comparing high and low doses of PEG interferon alpha-2a (135 µg/week versus 90 µg/week) and PEG interferon alpha-2b (1 µg/kg versus 0.5 µg/kg body weight/week) found no significant difference in mortality (2 studies (97 participants): RR 4.30, 95% CI 0.76 to 24.33), relapses (1 study (81 participants): RR 1.11, 95% CI 0.45 to 2.77), end of treatment response (2 studies (97 participants): RR 1.42, 95% CI 0.51 to 3.90), sustained virological response (2 studies (97 participants): RR 1.19, 95% CI 0.68 to 2.07), treatment discontinuation (2 studies (97 participants): RR 1.20, 95% CI 0.63 to 2.28), patients with adverse events (2 studies (97 participants): RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.61 to 1.83) or serious adverse events (2 studies (97 participants): RR 1.24, 95% CI 0.72 to 2.14). Both had overall low risk of bias and no significant subgroup differences.Two RCTs (62 participants) with moderate quality of evidence compared standard or PEG interferon alone or in combination with ribavirin. The only reported outcome in both was treatment discontinuation which was significantly more with ribavirin in the one study (RR 0.34, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.84) and pooled 7/10 in the second.No RCTs had data on time to recovery, cost-effectiveness, quality of life, and other outcomes and in peritoneal dialysis. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Our review demonstrated that in CKD patients on haemodialysis with HCV infection treatment with standard interferon brings about an end of treatment but not a sustained virological response and is relatively well tolerated. PEG interferon is more effective than standard interferon for end of treatment response but not for sustained response; both were equally tolerated. Increasing doses of PEG interferon did not improve responses but high and low doses are equally tolerated. Addition of ribavirin results in more treatment discontinuation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra A Prabhu
- Kasturba Medical College and Hospital Manipal, Manipal UniversityDepartment of NephrologyPO Box 7 Madhav NagarManipalKarnatakaIndia576104
| | - Sreekumar Nair
- Manipal UniversityDepartment of Statistics6th Floor, Health Sciences Library BuildingMadhav NagarManipalKarnatakaIndia576 104
| | - Ganesh Pai
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal UniversityDepartment of GastroenterologyMadhav NagarManipalKarnatakaIndia576104
| | - Nageswara P Reddy
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal UniversityDepartment of NephrologyMadhavnagar StreetManipalKarnatakaIndia576104
| | - Deepak Suvarna
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal UniversityDepartment of GastroenterologyMadhav NagarManipalKarnatakaIndia576104
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kurbanova N, Qayyum R. Association of Hepatitis C Virus Infection with Proteinuria and Glomerular Filtration Rate. Clin Transl Sci 2015; 8:421-4. [PMID: 26272111 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Despite several studies, the extent to which hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains controversial. Thus, we examined the relationship between HCV and CKD using the continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2012). METHODS Specimens positive for anti-HCV antibodies were retested and confirmed with recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA). Proteinuria was defined as urine albumin creatinine ratio > 30 mg/g. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) . We used linear and logistic regression models to examine the association between HCV and outcomes with and without adjustment for age, sex, race, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and body mass index and accounting for the complex survey design. RESULTS Of the 33,729 eligible participants, HCV infection was present in 659 (1.73%). In unadjusted and adjusted analyses, HCV was associated with proteinuria (OR = 1.40, p = 0.01 and OR = 1.50, p = 0.02, respectively). In both unadjusted and adjusted analyses, individuals with HCV had significantly higher GFR than individuals without (1.4 mL/min, p = 0.04 and 2.7 mL/min, p < 0.001, respectively). We did not find an association of HCV with CKD in adjusted or unadjusted analyses. CONCLUSION HCV infection is associated with proteinuria and high GFR but not with CKD. The biological mechanism of the observed association needs further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nargiza Kurbanova
- Community College of Baltimore County, School of Health Professions-Nursing, Catonsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Rehan Qayyum
- University of Tennessee College of Medicine at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chen YC, Lin HY, Li CY, Lee MS, Su YC. A nationwide cohort study suggests that hepatitis C virus infection is associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2014; 85:1200-7. [PMID: 24257691 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2013.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
37
|
Méndez-Sánchez N, Ridruejo E, Alves de Mattos A, Chávez-Tapia NC, Zapata R, Paraná R, Mastai R, Strauss E, Guevara-Casallas LG, Daruich J, Gadano A, Parise ER, Uribe M, Aguilar-Olivos NE, Dagher L, Ferraz-Neto BH, Valdés-Sánchez M, Sánchez-Avila JF. Latin American Association for the Study of the Liver (LAASL) clinical practice guidelines: management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Hepatol 2014; 13 Suppl 1:S4-S40. [PMID: 24998696 DOI: 10.1016/s1665-2681(19)30920-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2025]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world and the third most common cause of cancer death, and accounts for 5.6% of all cancers. Nearly 82% of the approximately 550,000 liver cancer deaths each year occur in Asia. In some regions, cancer-related death from HCC is second only to lung cancer. The incidence and mortality of HCC are increasing in America countries as a result of an ageing cohort infected with chronic hepatitis C, and are expected to continue to rise as a consequence of the obesity epidemic. Clinical care and survival for patients with HCC has advanced considerably during the last two decades, thanks to improvements in patient stratification, an enhanced understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease, and because of developments in diagnostic procedures and the introduction of novel therapies and strategies in prevention. Nevertheless, HCC remains the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. These LAASL recommendations on treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma are intended to assist physicians and other healthcare providers, as well as patients and other interested individuals, in the clinical decision-making process by describing the optimal management of patients with liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ezequiel Ridruejo
- Hepatology Section, Department of Medicine. Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno "CEMIC". Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit. Hospital Universitario Austral, Pilar, Argentina
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Zapata
- Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit. University of Chile School of Medicine, German Clinic. Santiago, Chile
| | - Raymundo Paraná
- Associate Professor of School of Medicine - Federal University of Bahia Head of the Gastro-Hepatologist Unit of the University Bahia University Hospital
| | - Ricardo Mastai
- Transplantation Unit. German Hospital.Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Edna Strauss
- Clinical hepatologist of Hospital do Coraçao - São Paulo - Brazil. Professor of the Post Graduate Course in the Department of Pathology at the School of Medicine, University of São Paulo
| | | | - Jorge Daruich
- Hepatology Department, Clinical Hospital San Martín. University of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adrian Gadano
- Section of Hepatology, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Edison Roberto Parise
- Professor Associado da Disciplina de Gastroenterologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Presidente Eleito da Sociedade Brasileira de Hepatologia
| | - Misael Uribe
- Digestive Diseases and Obesity Clinic, Medica Sur Clinic Foundation. México City, Mexico
| | - Nancy E Aguilar-Olivos
- Digestive Diseases and Obesity Clinic, Medica Sur Clinic Foundation. México City, Mexico
| | - Lucy Dagher
- Consultant Hepatologist. Metropolitan Policlinic- Caracas- Venezuela
| | - Ben-Hur Ferraz-Neto
- Director of Liver Institute - Beneficencia Portuguesa de São Paulo. Chief of Liver Transplantation Team
| | - Martha Valdés-Sánchez
- Department of Pediatric Oncology National Medical Center "Siglo XXI". Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan F Sánchez-Avila
- Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Department National Institute of Nutrition and Medical Sciences "Salvador Zubirán" Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Su Y, Norris JL, Zang C, Peng Z, Wang N. Incidence of hepatitis C virus infection in patients on hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hemodial Int 2012; 17:532-41. [PMID: 23072424 DOI: 10.1111/j.1542-4758.2012.00761.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus infection is a perennial concern for hemodialysis units because the prevalence of hepatitis C is significantly higher there than in the general population. Through a systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to assess the incidence rate of hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis units and explore its potential risk factors. Five electronic databases were used to search articles from 1990 to 2012, including PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and Wanfang. A random-effects analysis was used to estimate the overall incidence rate of hepatitis C virus infection. A subgroup analysis and meta-regression analysis were conducted to explore factors associated with heterogeneity between studies. Twenty-two eligible articles were found, including 23 incidence rate estimates. The overall incidence rate of hepatitis C virus infection was 1.47 per 100 patient-years (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14 to 1.80). In the subgroup analysis, the pooled incidence rate was 4.44 (CI 2.65, 6.23) per 100 patient-years in the developing world and 0.99 (CI 0.66, 1.29) per 100 patient-years in the developed world. [Correction added on 2 November 2012, after first online publication: Pooled incidence rate in the developed world has been changed.] In addition, in hemodialysis units with higher prevalence, the incidence rate of hepatitis C virus infection also tended to be higher. Meta-regression analysis showed that the country's development level and initial HCV prevalence combined could explain 67.91% of the observed heterogeneity. The incidence rate of hepatitis C virus infection among patients on hemodialysis was significantly high. Efforts should be taken to control hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis units, especially in developing countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Su
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Akiba T, Hora K, Imawari M, Sato C, Tanaka E, Izumi N, Harada T, Ando R, Kikuchi K, Tomo T, Hirakata H, Akizawa T. 2011 Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy guidelines for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection in dialysis patients. Ther Apher Dial 2012; 16:289-310. [PMID: 22817117 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-9987.2012.01078.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Akiba
- Department of Blood Purification, Kidney Center, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Fabrizi F, Martin P, Dixit V, Messa P. Hepatitis C virus infection and kidney disease: a meta-analysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2012; 7:549-57. [PMID: 22403269 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.06920711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and kidney disease are both highly prevalent diseases. The association between HCV and GN has been supported by previous research but little is known about the relationship between HCV and kidney disease. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS A systematic review of the published medical literature was conducted to determine if HCV is associated with increased likelihood of kidney disease in the general population. A random-effects model was used to generate a summary estimate of the relative risk for kidney disease, defined as an estimated GFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) or proteinuria, with HCV across the published studies. RESULTS Nine clinical studies (817,917 unique individuals) were identified. Pooling of study results demonstrated the absence of a relationship between HCV seropositive status and reduced estimated GFR (adjusted relative risk, 1.12; 95% confidence interval, 0.91, 1.38; P=0.28) according to the random-effects model. HCV seropositive serology was an independent and significant risk factor for proteinuria (defined by urine dipstick test or spot urine albumin/creatinine ratio) in the general population, with a summary estimate for adjusted relative risk of 1.47 (95% confidence interval, 1.12, 1.94; P=0.006). Significant heterogeneity was observed between studies (Ri=0.82; P value by Q test, <0.001). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis shows that HCV is independently associated with proteinuria but not with reduced GFR in the general population. Substantial heterogeneity occurred.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Fabrizi
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Maggiore Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Satapathy SK, Lingisetty CS, Williams S. Higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease and shorter renal survival in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatol Int 2012; 6:369-378. [PMID: 21698519 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-011-9284-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) in the etiology and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is controversial. AIM To measure the prevalence of CKD and evaluate its course in patients with chronic HCV infection. METHODS A retrospective analysis was done after excluding patients with nephrolithiasis, structural kidney disease, and those with missing clinical information on 552 anti-HCV-positive patients and 313 patients without known HCV infection matched for age, race, and gender. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate value of <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and/or persistence of proteinuria (>3 months) on urine analysis by dipstick. Viral load obtained during the initial evaluation was defined as "baseline viral load". RESULTS The prevalence of CKD in the anti-HCV-positive group was significantly higher compared to control group [53 (9.6%) vs. 16 (5.1%), P = 0.02]. On multivariate regression analysis, higher age, hypertension, HCV PCR > 7 × 10(5) cps/mL, and diabetes mellitus were significant independent positive predictors, whereas history of interferon treatment was significant independent negative predictor for CKD. Male gender, human immunodeficiency virus status, body weight, intravenous drug use, and HCV genotype were not predictors of CKD. Analysis of renal survival through Kaplan-Meyer curves revealed significantly shorter time to develop CKD (74 vs. 84 months, P < 0.001; log rank) and end-stage renal disease (79.9 vs. 86.5 months, P = 0.005; log rank) in the HCV group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Chronic HCV infection was associated with a significantly higher prevalence of CKD compared with controls, as well as significantly shorter renal survival. A higher baseline viral load is an independent predictor of CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjaya Kumar Satapathy
- Department of Internal Medicine, New York Medical College/Metropolitan Hospital Center, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Chandra Sekhar Lingisetty
- Department of Internal Medicine, New York Medical College/Metropolitan Hospital Center, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Susan Williams
- Department of Gastroenterology, New York Medical College/Metropolitan Hospital Center, 1901 First Avenue, New York, 10029, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ohsawa M, Kato K, Tanno K, Itai K, Fujishima Y, Okayama A, Turin TC, Onoda T, Suzuki K, Nakamura M, Kawamura K, Akiba T, Sakata K, Fujioka T. Seropositivity for anti-HCV core antigen is independently associated with increased all-cause, cardiovascular, and liver disease-related mortality in hemodialysis patients. J Epidemiol 2011; 21:491-9. [PMID: 22001541 PMCID: PMC3899466 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is not known whether chronic or past hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection contributes to the high mortality rate in hemodialysis patients. Methods This prospective study of 1077 adult hemodialysis patients without hepatitis B virus infection used Poisson regression analysis to estimate crude and sex- and age-adjusted rates (per 1000 patient-years) of all-cause, cardiovascular, infectious disease-related and liver disease-related mortality in patients negative for HCV antibody (group A), patients positive for HCV antibody and negative for anti-HCV core antigen (group B), and patients positive for anti-HCV core antigen (group C). The relative risks (RRs) for each cause of death in group B vs group C as compared with those in group A were also estimated by Poisson regression analysis after multivariate adjustment. Results A total of 407 patients died during the 5-year observation period. The sex- and age-adjusted mortality rate was 71.9 in group A, 80.4 in group B, and 156 in group C. The RRs (95% CI) for death in group B vs group C were 1.23 (0.72 to 2.12) vs 1.60 (1.13 to 2.28) for all-cause death, 0.75 (0.28 to 2.02) vs 1.64 (0.98 to 2.73) for cardiovascular death, 1.64 (0.65 to 4.15) vs 1.58 (0.81 to 3.07) for infectious disease-related death, and 15.3 (1.26 to 186) vs 28.8 (3.75 to 221) for liver disease-related death, respectively. Conclusions Anti-HCV core antigen seropositivity independently contributes to elevated risks of all-cause and cause-specific death. Chronic HCV infection, but not past HCV infection, is a risk for death among hemodialysis patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Ohsawa
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Li Cavoli G, Ferrantelli A, Bono L, Tortorici C, Giammarresi C, Zagarrigo C, Schillaci O, Tralongo A, Soresi M, Rotolo U. Incidence of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with chronic kidney disease on conservative therapy. Int J Infect Dis 2011; 15:e514-e516. [PMID: 21680217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a never-ending public health problem. Many studies have investigated the incidence of HCV infection among dialysis patients, but there have only been a few epidemiological studies in renal conservative therapy. We studied 320 subjects with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease living in Sicily, Italy. The incidence of HCV infection was 6.25%. In Europe, incidence ranges from 0.2% to 3.5%. It appears that the incidence of HCV infection is higher in the studied patient population than in the population as a whole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gioacchino Li Cavoli
- Nephrology and Dialysis Department, Civic and Di Cristina Hospital, Piazza Nicola Liotta, Palermo 90100, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Butt AA, Wang X, Fried LF. HCV infection and the incidence of CKD. Am J Kidney Dis 2010; 57:396-402. [PMID: 21185632 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2010.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection upon incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the presence of traditional risk factors and renal-modifying therapy is not well known. STUDY DESIGN National cohort study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS HCV-infected and -uninfected veterans in ERCHIVES (Electronically Retrieved Cohort of HCV Infected Veterans) in 2001-2006. PREDICTOR HCV infection. OUTCOMES Incident CKD stages 3-5. RESULTS We identified 18,002 patients with HCV infection and 25,137 controls with estimated glomerular filtration rate >60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) at baseline. HCV-infected patients had a lower prevalence of several CKD risk factors, including diabetes (22.9% vs 26.6%), hypertension (52.4% vs 60.8%), and dyslipidemia (39.3% vs 73.9%; P < 0.001). HCV infection was associated with a higher risk of developing CKD stages 3-5 (HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.23-1.37). Increasing age, hypertension, and diabetes were associated with significantly higher risks of developing CKD in HCV-infected patients and controls. Decompensated liver disease was a strong predictor of CKD in HCV-infected patients (HR, 3.37; 95% CI, 3.10-3.66) and HCV-uninfected controls (HR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.84-2.25). In Kaplan-Meier analysis, HCV-infected persons had a shorter time to CKD. LIMITATIONS Lack of proteinuria data; small number of women. CONCLUSIONS HCV infection is associated with higher risk and shorter time to CKD despite having a lower prevalence of many CKD risk factors. HCV-infected persons should have targeted monitoring for the development and progression of CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adeel A Butt
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Garcia EG, Del Peso G, Celadilla O, Castro MJ, Martinez V, Muñoz I, Sanchez-Villanueva R, de Guevara CL, Selgas R, Bajo MA. Efficacy of sodium hypochlorite in eradicating hepatitis C virus (HCV)-RNA from the peritoneal effluent of PD patients. Perit Dial Int 2010; 30:644-6. [PMID: 21148056 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2009.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
46
|
Sauné K, Kamar N, Miédougé M, Weclawiak H, Dubois M, Izopet J, Rostaing L. Decreased prevalence and incidence of HCV markers in haemodialysis units: a multicentric French survey. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010; 26:2309-16. [PMID: 21097646 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfq696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A variety of epidemiological data provide evidence for the nosocomial transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections to haemodialysis patients. We conducted a multicentric study to determine the prevalence and incidence of HCV infection in French haemodialysis units. METHODS Patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis in 56 French units (4718 patients) were systematically screened for anti-HCV antibodies using third-generation tests. The incidence was estimated by detecting HCV RNA in seronegative patients using a standardized real-time PCR assay on pooled samples. RESULTS Testing for HCV antibodies identified 361 patients with anti-HCV antibodies, giving a prevalence of 7.7%. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that anti-HCV status was linked to the time on haemodialysis, previous kidney transplantation and the presence of anti-HBc antibodies, whereas erythropoietin therapy and carrying out dialysis in dedicated spaces seem to protect against HCV infection. Only two of the 4357 patients without anti-HCV antibodies tested positive for HCV RNA, giving an estimated incidence of 0.05% new HCV infections/year. Molecular analyses indicated that the two patients probably acquired HCV outside the haemodialysis unit. CONCLUSION This decreased prevalence and incidence emphasizes the importance of adhering to the recommended universal infection-control precautions. Virological follow-up based on detecting anti-HCV antibodies with sensitive, specific new-generation serological tests could be adequate for dialysis units with few HCV infections. However, new infections in haemodialysis units should be identified by determining the HCV RNA status of seronegative patients. Standardized real-time PCR assays, plus pooling serum samples, make this a promising method for large-scale epidemiological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karine Sauné
- INSERM U563, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Alavian SM, Kabir A, Ahmadi AB, Lankarani KB, Shahbabaie MA, Ahmadzad-Asl M. Hepatitis C infection in hemodialysis patients in Iran: a systematic review. Hemodial Int 2010; 14:253-262. [PMID: 20491973 DOI: 10.1111/j.1542-4758.2010.00437.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hemodialysis (HD) patients are recognized as one of the high-risk groups for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The prevalence of HCV infection varies widely between 5.5% and 24% among different Iranian populations. Preventive programs for reducing HCV infection prevalence in these patients require accurate information. In the present study, we estimated HCV infection prevalence in Iranian HD patients. In this systematic review, we collected all published and unpublished documents related to HCV infection prevalence in Iranian HD patients from April 2001 to March 2008. We selected descriptive/analytic cross-sectional studies/surveys that have sufficiently declared objectives, a proper sampling method with identical and valid measurement instruments for all study subjects, and proper analysis methods regarding sampling design and demographic adjustments. We used a meta-analysis method to calculate nationwide prevalence estimation. Eighteen studies from 12 provinces (consisting 49.02% of the Iranian total population) reported the prevalence of HCV infection in Iranian HD patients. The HCV infection prevalence in Iranian HD patients is 7.61% (95% confidence interval: 6.06-9.16%) with the recombinant immunoblot assay method. Iran is among countries with low HCV infection prevalence in HD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed-Moayed Alavian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
|
49
|
Ohsawa M, Kato K, Itai K, Tanno K, Fujishima Y, Konda R, Okayama A, Abe K, Suzuki K, Nakamura M, Onoda T, Kawamura K, Sakata K, Akiba T, Fujioka T. Standardized prevalence ratios for chronic hepatitis C virus infection among adult Japanese hemodialysis patients. J Epidemiol 2009; 20:30-9. [PMID: 19881229 PMCID: PMC3900777 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20090043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have estimated the prevalence of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody among hemodialysis (HD) patients; however, the prevalence of HCV core antigen—which indicates the presence of chronic HCV infection—is not known. Methods Standardized prevalence ratios (SPRs) for anti-HCV antibody and HCV core antigen among HD patients (n = 1214) were calculated on the basis of data from the general population (n = 22 472) living in the same area. Results The prevalences of anti-HCV antibody and HCV core antigen were 12.5% and 7.8%, respectively, in male hemodialysis patients, and 8.5% and 4.1% in female hemodialysis patients. The SPRs (95% confidence interval) for anti-HCV antibody and HCV core antigen were 8.39 (6.72–10.1) and 12.9 (9.66–16.1), respectively, in males, and 5.42 (3.67–7.17) and 8.77 (4.72–12.8) in females. Conclusions The prevalences of chronic HCV infection among male and female HD patients were 13-fold and 9-fold, respectively, those of the population-based controls. Further studies should therefore be conducted to determine the extent of chronic HCV infection among HD patients in other populations and to determine whether chronic HCV infection contributes to increased mortality in HD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Ohsawa
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Novelli G, Rossi M, Ferretti G, Poli L, Pretagostini R, Ruberto F, Morabito V, Cinti P, Nudo F, Mennini G, Berloco PB. Adacolumn treatment in kidney transplant patients with hepatitis C virus. Transplant Proc 2009; 41:1195-200. [PMID: 19460515 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2009.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients who have undergone kidney transplantation and suffer from hepatitis C (HCV) cannot be treated with standard therapy (pegylated interferon combined with ribavirin) due to the risk of acute rejection. Furthermore, immunosuppressive therapy facilitates the progression of infection and chronic hepatopathies. Monocytes and macrophages are known to produce extrahepatic breeding sites that spread disease. Our aim was to reduce macrophages, granulocytes, monocytes, proinflammatory cells, and viremia levels using an extracorporeal device: Adacolumn Leukocyte Apheresis (Otzuka Electronics, Japan). METHODS The Adalcolumn filter is filled with 2-mm cellulose acetate beads immersed in sterile saline solution. These carriers absorb granulocytes and monocytes/macrophanges through their FCR receptors. Six patients affected by viral genotype 1b underwent five 1-hour treatments for 5 consecutive days. RESULTS Viremia was reduced in Patients 1, 2, 4, and 6 in association with decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and a normal CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio, after 3 months. Subjects 1 and 3 showed inverted CD4(+)/CD8(+) T-cell ratios, which changed at 4-month follow-up in only patient 1. Subject 5 did not show any changes. CONCLUSIONS The treatment was safe without hemodynamic or infectious complications, suggesting that this method could be used in a greater number of patients to evaluate amelioration of increased viremia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Novelli
- Dipartimento "P. Stefanini" Chirurgia Generale e Trapianti d'Organo, La Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|