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Keisham S, Saito S, Kowashi S, Tateno H. Droplet-Based Glycan and RNA Sequencing for Profiling the Distinct Cellular Glyco-States in Single Cells. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301338. [PMID: 38164999 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Plate-based single-cell glycan and RNA sequencing (scGR-seq) is previously developed to realize the integrated analysis of glycome and transcriptome in single cells. However, the sample size is limited to only a few hundred cells. Here, a droplet-based scGR-seq is developed to address this issue by adopting a 10x Chromium platform to simultaneously profile ten thousand cells' glycome and transcriptome in single cells. To establish droplet-based scGR-seq, a comparative analysis of two distinct cell lines is performed: pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells and normal pancreatic duct cells. Droplet-based scGR-seq revealed distinct glycan profiles between the two cell lines that showed a strong correlation with the results obtained by flow cytometry. Next, droplet-based scGR-seq is applied to a more complex sample: peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) containing various immune cells. The method can systematically map the glycan signature for each immune cell in PBMC as well as glycan alterations by cell lineage. Prediction of the association between the glycan expression and the gene expression using regression analysis ultimately leads to the identification of a glycan epitope that impacts cellular functions. In conclusion, the droplet-based scGR-seq realizes the high-throughput profiling of the distinct cellular glyco-states in single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunanda Keisham
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, Multicellular System Regulation Research Group, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
- Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Sayoko Saito
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, Multicellular System Regulation Research Group, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Satori Kowashi
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, Multicellular System Regulation Research Group, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tateno
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, Multicellular System Regulation Research Group, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
- Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
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Karwen T, Kolczynska‐Matysiak K, Gross C, Löffler MC, Friedrich M, Loza‐Valdes A, Schmitz W, Wit M, Dziaczkowski F, Belykh A, Trujillo‐Viera J, El‐Merahbi R, Deppermann C, Nawaz S, Hastoy B, Demczuk A, Erk M, Wieckowski MR, Rorsman P, Heinze KG, Stegner D, Nieswandt B, Sumara G. Platelet-derived lipids promote insulin secretion of pancreatic β cells. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e16858. [PMID: 37490001 PMCID: PMC10493578 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperreactive platelets are commonly observed in diabetic patients indicating a potential link between glucose homeostasis and platelet reactivity. This raises the possibility that platelets may play a role in the regulation of metabolism. Pancreatic β cells are the central regulators of systemic glucose homeostasis. Here, we show that factor(s) derived from β cells stimulate platelet activity and platelets selectively localize to the vascular endothelium of pancreatic islets. Both depletion of platelets and ablation of major platelet adhesion or activation pathways consistently resulted in impaired glucose tolerance and decreased circulating insulin levels. Furthermore, we found platelet-derived lipid classes to promote insulin secretion and identified 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) as the main factor promoting β cells function. Finally, we demonstrate that the levels of platelet-derived 20-HETE decline with age and that this parallels with reduced impact of platelets on β cell function. Our findings identify an unexpected function of platelets in the regulation of insulin secretion and glucose metabolism, which promotes metabolic fitness in young individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Karwen
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingJulius‐Maximilians University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | | | - Carina Gross
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine IUniversity Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Mona C Löffler
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingJulius‐Maximilians University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Mike Friedrich
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingJulius‐Maximilians University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Angel Loza‐Valdes
- Nencki Institute of Experimental BiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarszawaPoland
| | - Werner Schmitz
- Theodor Boveri Institute, BiocenterUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Magdalena Wit
- Nencki Institute of Experimental BiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarszawaPoland
| | - Filip Dziaczkowski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental BiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarszawaPoland
| | - Andrei Belykh
- Nencki Institute of Experimental BiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarszawaPoland
| | - Jonathan Trujillo‐Viera
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingJulius‐Maximilians University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Rabih El‐Merahbi
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingJulius‐Maximilians University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Carsten Deppermann
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingJulius‐Maximilians University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- Center for Thrombosis and HemostasisUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg‐UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Sameena Nawaz
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismChurchill HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Benoit Hastoy
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismChurchill HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Agnieszka Demczuk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental BiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarszawaPoland
| | - Manuela Erk
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingJulius‐Maximilians University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental BiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarszawaPoland
| | - Patrik Rorsman
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismChurchill HospitalOxfordUK
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyUniversity of GöteborgGöteborgSweden
- Oxford National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research CentreChurchill HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Katrin G Heinze
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingJulius‐Maximilians University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - David Stegner
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingJulius‐Maximilians University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine IUniversity Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingJulius‐Maximilians University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine IUniversity Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Grzegorz Sumara
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingJulius‐Maximilians University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- Nencki Institute of Experimental BiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarszawaPoland
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3
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Chen R, Huang M, Xu P. Polyphosphate as an antithrombotic target and hemostatic agent. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:7855-7872. [PMID: 37534776 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01152f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Polyphosphate (PolyP) is a polymer comprised of linear phosphate units connected by phosphate anhydride bonds. PolyP exists in a diverse range of eukaryotes and prokaryotes with varied chain lengths ranging from six to thousands of phosphate units. Upon activation, human platelets and neutrophils release short-chain PolyP, along with other components, to initiate the coagulation pathway. Long-chain PolyP derived from cellular or bacterial organelles exhibits higher proinflammatory and procoagulant effects compared to short-chain PolyP. Notably, PolyP has been identified as a low-hemorrhagic antithrombotic target since neutralizing plasma PolyP suppresses the thrombotic process without impairing the hemostatic functions. As an inorganic polymer without uniform steric configuration, PolyP is typically targeted by cationic polymers or recombinant polyphosphatases rather than conventional antibodies, small-molecule compounds, or peptides. Additionally, because of its procoagulant property, PolyP has been incorporated in wound-dressing materials to facilitate blood hemostasis. This review summarizes current studies on PolyP as a low-hemorrhagic antithrombotic target and the development of hemostatic materials based on PolyP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Chen
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Mingdong Huang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Peng Xu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China.
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Ravera S, Signorello MG, Panfoli I. Platelet Metabolic Flexibility: A Matter of Substrate and Location. Cells 2023; 12:1802. [PMID: 37443836 PMCID: PMC10340290 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are cellular elements that are physiologically involved in hemostasis, inflammation, thrombotic events, and various human diseases. There is a link between the activation of platelets and their metabolism. Platelets possess considerable metabolic versatility. Although the role of platelets in hemostasis and inflammation is known, our current understanding of platelet metabolism in terms of substrate preference is limited. Platelet activation triggers an oxidative metabolism increase to sustain energy requirements better than aerobic glycolysis alone. In addition, platelets possess extra-mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, which could be one of the sources of chemical energy required for platelet activation. This review aims to provide an overview of flexible platelet metabolism, focusing on the role of metabolic compartmentalization in substrate preference, since the metabolic flexibility of stimulated platelets could depend on subcellular localization and functional timing. Thus, developing a detailed understanding of the link between platelet activation and metabolic changes is crucial for improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | | | - Isabella Panfoli
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
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5
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Joshi S, Smith AN, Prakhya KS, Alfar HR, Lykins J, Zhang M, Pokrovskaya I, Aronova M, Leapman RD, Storrie B, Whiteheart SW. Ferric Chloride-Induced Arterial Thrombosis and Sample Collection for 3D Electron Microscopy Analysis. J Vis Exp 2023:10.3791/64985. [PMID: 37010311 PMCID: PMC11042049 DOI: 10.3791/64985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Aberrant thrombosis is a common feature of systemic conditions like diabetes and obesity, and chronic inflammatory diseases like atherosclerosis, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. Upon vascular injury, usually the coagulation system, platelets, and endothelium act in an orchestrated manner to prevent bleeding by forming a clot at the site of the injury. Abnormalities in this process lead to either excessive bleeding or uncontrolled thrombosis/insufficient antithrombotic activity, which translates into vessel occlusion and its sequelae. The FeCl3-induced carotid injury model is a valuable tool in probing how thrombosis initiates and progresses in vivo. This model involves endothelial damage/denudation and subsequent clot formation at the injured site. It provides a highly sensitive, quantitative assay to monitor vascular damage and clot formation in response to different degrees of vascular damage. Once optimized, this standard technique can be used to study the molecular mechanisms underlying thrombosis, as well as the ultrastructural changes in platelets in a growing thrombus. This assay is also useful to study the efficacy of antithrombotic and antiplatelet agents. This article explains how to initiate and monitor FeCl3-induced arterial thrombosis and how to collect samples for analysis by electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Joshi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky;
| | - Alexis N Smith
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky
| | | | - Hammodah R Alfar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky
| | - Joshua Lykins
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky
| | - Irina Pokrovskaya
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
| | - Maria Aronova
- Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health
| | - Richard D Leapman
- Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health
| | - Brian Storrie
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
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6
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Interactions between Platelets and Tumor Microenvironment Components in Ovarian Cancer and Their Implications for Treatment and Clinical Outcomes. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041282. [PMID: 36831623 PMCID: PMC9953912 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets, the primary operatives of hemostasis that contribute to blood coagulation and wound healing after blood vessel injury, are also involved in pathological conditions, including cancer. Malignancy-associated thrombosis is common in ovarian cancer patients and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Platelets extravasate into the tumor microenvironment in ovarian cancer and interact with cancer cells and non-cancerous elements. Ovarian cancer cells also activate platelets. The communication between activated platelets, cancer cells, and the tumor microenvironment is via various platelet membrane proteins or mediators released through degranulation or the secretion of microvesicles from platelets. These interactions trigger signaling cascades in tumors that promote ovarian cancer progression, metastasis, and neoangiogenesis. This review discusses how interactions between platelets, cancer cells, cancer stem cells, stromal cells, and the extracellular matrix in the tumor microenvironment influence ovarian cancer progression. It also presents novel potential therapeutic approaches toward this gynecological cancer.
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7
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Shen C, Mackeigan DT, Shoara AA, Xu R, Bhoria P, Karakas D, Ma W, Cerenzia E, Chen Z, Hoard B, Lin L, Lei X, Zhu G, Chen P, Johnson PE, Ni H. Dual roles of fucoidan-GPIbα interaction in thrombosis and hemostasis: implications for drug development targeting GPIbα. JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS : JTH 2023; 21:1274-1288. [PMID: 36732162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2022.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet GPIbα-von Willebrand factor (VWF) interaction initiates platelet adhesion, activation, and thrombus growth, especially under high shear conditions. Therefore, the GPIb-VWF axis has been suggested as a promising target against arterial thrombosis. The polysaccharide fucoidan has been reported to have opposing prothrombotic and antithrombotic effects; however, its binding mechanism with platelets has not been adequately studied. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to explore the mechanism of fucoidan and its hydrolyzed products in thrombosis and hemostasis. METHODS Natural fucoidan was hydrolyzed by using hydrochloric acid and was characterized by using size-exclusion chromatography, UV-visible spectroscopy, and fluorometry techniques. The effects of natural and hydrolyzed fucoidan on platelet aggregation were examined by using platelets from wild-type, VWF and fibrinogen-deficient, GPIbα-deficient, and IL4Rα/GPIbα-transgenic and αIIb-deficient mice and from human beings. Platelet activation markers (P-selectin expression, PAC-1, and fibrinogen binding) and platelet-VWF A1 interaction were measured by using flow cytometry. GPIbα-VWF A1 interaction was evaluated by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. GPIb-IX-induced signal transduction was detected by using western blot. Heparinized whole blood from healthy donors was used to test thrombus formation and growth in a perfusion chamber. RESULTS We found that GPIbα is critical for fucoidan-induced platelet activation. Fucoidan interacted with the extracellular domain of GPIbα and blocked its interaction with VWF but itself could lead to GPIbα-mediated signal transduction and, subsequently, αIIbβ3 activation and platelet aggregation. Conversely, low-molecular weight fucoidan inhibited GPIb-VWF-mediated platelet aggregation, spreading, and thrombus growth at high shear. CONCLUSION Fucoidan-GPIbα interaction may have unique therapeutic potential against bleeding disorders in its high-molecular weight state and protection against arterial thrombosis by blocking GPIb-VWF interaction after fucoidan is hydrolyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanbin Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, ON, Canada; Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Daniel T Mackeigan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Aron A Shoara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Runjia Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Preeti Bhoria
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada; CCOA Therapeutics Inc Toronto, Canada
| | - Danielle Karakas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Wenjing Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada; CCOA Therapeutics Inc Toronto, Canada
| | - Eric Cerenzia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - ZiYan Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Brock Hoard
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lisha Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xi Lei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada; CCOA Therapeutics Inc Toronto, Canada
| | - Guangheng Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada; CCOA Therapeutics Inc Toronto, Canada
| | - Pingguo Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada; Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, Canada
| | - Philip E Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Heyu Ni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; CCOA Therapeutics Inc Toronto, Canada; Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Platelet-Neutrophil Association in NETs-Rich Areas in the Retrieved AIS Patient Thrombi. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214477. [PMID: 36430952 PMCID: PMC9694992 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Histological structure of thrombi is a strong determinant of the outcome of vascular recanalization therapy, the only treatment option for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. A total of 21 AIS patients from this study after undergoing non-enhanced CT scan and multimodal MRI were treated with mechanical stent-based and manual aspiration thrombectomy, and thromboembolic retrieved from a cerebral artery. Complementary histopathological and imaging analyses were performed to understand their composition with a specific focus on fibrin, von Willebrand factor, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Though distinct RBC-rich and platelet-rich areas were found, AIS patient thrombi were overwhelmingly platelet-rich, with 90% of thrombi containing <40% total RBC-rich contents (1.5 to 37%). Structurally, RBC-rich areas were simple, consisting of tightly packed RBCs in thin fibrin meshwork with sparsely populated nucleated cells and lacked any substantial von Willebrand factor (VWF). Platelet-rich areas were structurally more complex with thick fibrin meshwork associated with VWF. Plenty of leukocytes populated the platelet-rich areas, particularly in the periphery and border areas between platelet-rich and RBC-rich areas. Platelet-rich areas showed abundant activated neutrophils (myeloperoxidase+ and neutrophil-elastase+) containing citrullinated histone-decorated DNA. Citrullinated histone-decorated DNA also accumulated extracellularly, pointing to NETosis by the activated neutrophils. Notably, NETs-containing areas showed strong reactivity to VWF, platelets, and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), signifying a close interplay between these components.
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9
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Chen W, Wilson MS, Wang Y, Bergmeier W, Lanza F, Li R. Fast clearance of platelets in a commonly used mouse model for GPIbα is impeded by an anti-GPIbβ antibody derivative. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:1451-1463. [PMID: 35305057 PMCID: PMC9133214 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycoprotein (GP)Ibα plays a critical role in regulating platelet clearance. Recently, we identified the mechanosensory domain (MSD) in GPIbα and reported evidence to suggest that unfolding of the GPIbα MSD induces exposure of the Trigger sequence therein and subsequent GPIb-IX signaling that accelerates platelet clearance. In a commonly used transgenic mouse model, IL4R-IbαTg, where the Trigger sequence is constitutively exposed, constitutive GPIb-IX-mediated cellular signals are present. Clearance of their platelets is also significantly faster than that of wild-type mice. Previously, an anti-GPIbβ antibody RAM.1 was developed. RAM.1 inhibits GPIbα-dependent platelet signaling and activation. Further, RAM.1 also inhibits anti-GPIbα antibody-mediated filopodia formation. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether RAM.1 can ameliorate trigger sequence exposure-mediated platelet clearance. METHODS Spontaneous filopodia were measured by confocal microscopy. Other platelet signaling events were measured by flow cytometry. Endogenous platelet life span was tracked by Alexa 488-labeled anti-mouse GPIX antibody. RESULT Transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells stably expressing the same chimeric IL4R-Ibα protein complex as in IL4R-IbαTg mice also constitutively exhibit filopodia, and that such filopodia could be abolished by treatment of RAM.1. Further, transfusion of a recombinant RAM.1 derivative that is devoid of its Fc portion significantly extends the endogenous life span of IL4R-IbαTg platelets. CONCLUSION These results provide the key evidence supporting the causative link of Trigger sequence exposure to accelerated platelet clearance, and suggest that a RAM.1 derivative may be therapeutically developed to treat GPIb-IX-mediated thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchun Chen
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Departments of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, GA
| | - Moriah S. Wilson
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Departments of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, GA
| | - Yingchun Wang
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Departments of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, GA
| | - Wolfgang Bergmeier
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Francois Lanza
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, BPPS UMR-S1255, Strasbourg, France
| | - Renhao Li
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Departments of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, GA
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10
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Shao B, Hoover C, Shi H, Kondo Y, Lee RH, Chen J, Shan X, Song J, McDaniel JM, Zhou M, McGee S, Vanhoorelbeke K, Bergmeier W, López JA, George JN, Xia L. Deletion of platelet CLEC-2 decreases GPIbα-mediated integrin αIIbβ3 activation and decreases thrombosis in TTP. Blood 2022; 139:2523-2533. [PMID: 35157766 PMCID: PMC9029097 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021012896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvascular thrombosis in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is initiated by GPIbα-mediated platelet binding to von Willebrand factor (VWF). Binding of VWF to GPIbα causes activation of the platelet surface integrin αIIbβ3. However, the mechanism of GPIbα-initiated activation of αIIbβ3 and its clinical importance for microvascular thrombosis remain elusive. Deletion of platelet C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) did not prevent VWF binding to platelets but specifically inhibited platelet aggregation induced by VWF binding in mice. Deletion of platelet CLEC-2 also inhibited αIIbβ3 activation induced by the binding of VWF to GPIbα. Using a mouse model of TTP, which was created by infusion of anti-mouse ADAMTS13 monoclonal antibodies followed by infusion of VWF, we found that deletion of platelet CLEC-2 decreased pulmonary arterial thrombosis and the severity of thrombocytopenia. Importantly, prophylactic oral administration of aspirin, an inhibitor of platelet activation, and therapeutic treatment of the TTP mice with eptifibatide, an integrin αIIbβ3 antagonist, reduced pulmonary arterial thrombosis in the TTP mouse model. Our observations demonstrate that GPIbα-mediated activation of integrin αIIbβ3 plays an important role in the formation of thrombosis in TTP. These observations suggest that prevention of platelet activation with aspirin may reduce the risk for thrombosis in patients with TTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojing Shao
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Christopher Hoover
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Huiping Shi
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Yuji Kondo
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Robert H Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Xindi Shan
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Jianhua Song
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - J Michael McDaniel
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Meixiang Zhou
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Samuel McGee
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Karen Vanhoorelbeke
- Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium; and
| | - Wolfgang Bergmeier
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - James N George
- Hematology-Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Lijun Xia
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
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11
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Nording H, Sauter M, Lin C, Steubing R, Geisler S, Sun Y, Niethammer J, Emschermann F, Wang Y, Zieger B, Nieswandt B, Kleinschnitz C, Simon DI, Langer HF. Activated Platelets Upregulate β 2 Integrin Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) on Dendritic Cells, Which Mediates Heterotypic Cell-Cell Interaction. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:1729-1741. [PMID: 35277420 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests interaction of platelets with dendritic cells (DCs), while the molecular mechanisms mediating this heterotypic cell cross-talk are largely unknown. We evaluated the role of integrin Mac-1 (αMβ2, CD11b/CD18) on DCs as a counterreceptor for platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ibα. In a dynamic coincubation model, we observed interaction of human platelets with monocyte-derived DCs, but also that platelet activation induced a sharp increase in heterotypic cell binding. Inhibition of CD11b or GPIbα led to significant reduction of DC adhesion to platelets in vitro independent of GPIIbIIIa, which we confirmed using platelets from Glanzmann thrombasthenia patients and transgenic mouse lines on C57BL/6 background (GPIbα-/-, IL4R-GPIbα-tg, and muMac1 mice). In vivo, inhibition or genetic deletion of CD11b and GPIbα induced a significant reduction of platelet-mediated DC adhesion to the injured arterial wall. Interestingly, only intravascular antiCD11b inhibited DC recruitment, suggesting a dynamic DC-platelet interaction. Indeed, we could show that activated platelets induced CD11b upregulation on Mg2+-preactivated DCs, which was related to protein kinase B (Akt) and dependent on P-selectin and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1. Importantly, specific pharmacological targeting of the GPIbα-Mac-1 interaction site blocked DC-platelet interaction in vitro and in vivo. These results demonstrate that cross-talk of platelets with DCs is mediated by GPIbα and Mac-1, which is upregulated on DCs by activated platelets in a P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Nording
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany.,University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Manuela Sauter
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Chaolan Lin
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Rebecca Steubing
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational and Behavioral Neurosciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sven Geisler
- Cell Analysis Core Facility, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ying Sun
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Joel Niethammer
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Fréderic Emschermann
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yunmei Wang
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Barbara Zieger
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; and
| | - Christoph Kleinschnitz
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational and Behavioral Neurosciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniel I Simon
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH.,University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Harald F Langer
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; .,German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany.,University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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12
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Constantinescu-Bercu A, Wang YA, Woollard KJ, Mangin P, Vanhoorelbeke K, Crawley JTB, Salles-Crawley II. The GPIbα intracellular tail - role in transducing VWF- and collagen/GPVI-mediated signaling. Haematologica 2022; 107:933-946. [PMID: 34134470 PMCID: PMC8968903 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.278242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The GPIbT-VWF A1 domain interaction is essential for platelet tethering under high shear. Synergy between GPIbα and GPVI signaling machineries has been suggested previously, however its molecular mechanism remains unclear. We generated a novel GPIbα transgenic mouse (GpIbαΔsig/Δsig) by CRISPR-Cas9 technology to delete the last 24 residues of the GPIbα intracellular tail that harbors the 14-3-3 and phosphoinositide-3 kinase binding sites. GPIbαΔsig/Δsig platelets bound VWF normally under flow. However, they formed fewer filopodia on VWF/botrocetin in the presence of a oIIbI3 blocker, demonstrating that despite normal ligand binding, VWF-dependent signaling is diminished. Activation of GpIbαΔsig/Δsig platelets with ADP and thrombin was normal, but GpIbαΔsig/Δsig platelets stimulated with collagen-related-peptide (CRP) exhibited markedly decreased P-selectin exposure and eIIbI3 activation, suggesting a role for the GpIbaaintracellular tail in GPVI-mediated signaling. Consistent with this, while haemostasis was normal in GPIbαΔsig/Δsig mice, diminished tyrosine-phosphorylation, (particularly pSYK) was detected in CRP-stimulated GpIbαΔsig/Δsig platelets as well as reduced platelet spreading on CRP. Platelet responses to rhodocytin were also affected in GpIbαΔsig/Δsig platelets but to a lesser extent than those with CRP. GpIbαΔsig/Δsig platelets formed smaller aggregates than wild-type platelets on collagen-coated microchannels at low, medium and high shear. In response to both VWF and collagen binding, flow assays performed with plasma-free blood or in the presence of bIIbI3- or GPVI-blockers suggested reduced bIIbI3 activation contributes to the phenotype of the GpIbαΔsig/Δsig platelets. Together, these results reveal a new role for the intracellular tail of GPIbiiin transducing both VWF-GPIbGGand collagen-GPVI signaling events in platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuxiao A Wang
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kevin J Woollard
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Pierre Mangin
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - James T B Crawley
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Isabelle I Salles-Crawley
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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13
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Liu Z, Wang J, Liao F, Song Q, Yao Y. Tumor-Educated Platelets Facilitate Thrombus Formation Through Migration. Front Oncol 2022; 12:857865. [PMID: 35280750 PMCID: PMC8907878 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.857865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are small anucleate cells that circulate in the blood and form thrombi. Tumor-educated platelets are the platelets derived from cancer patients. Although many have reported that tumor-educated platelets are associated with cancer-associated thrombosis, their function in this process is poorly understood. Here we first collect the clinical data from 100 different cancer patients, showing that cancer patients are in a hypercoagulable state. Our experiment shows that tumor-educated platelets from melanoma-burdened mouse models can migrate faster and longer, forming more clots (thrombus). However, the plasma from tumor mice can inhibit platelet migration. The RNA sequence profile of tumor-educated platelets shows that many genes associated with cell migration and cell skeleton expressed significantly higher. Our research offers a new insight into the tumor-educated platelets to better understand the thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheming Liu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuben Liao
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qibin Song
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Yao
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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14
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In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Analysis of Tanshinone IIA and Cryptotanshinone from Salvia miltiorrhiza as Modulators of Cyclooxygenase-2/mPGES-1/Endothelial Prostaglandin EP3 Pathway. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010099. [PMID: 35053247 PMCID: PMC8774285 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (TIIA) and cryptotanshinone (CRY) from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge were investigated for their inhibitory activity against the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1)/endothelial prostaglandin 3 (EP3) pathway using in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo assays. From the analysis of the docking poses, both diterpenoids were able to interact significantly with COX-2, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR), and mPGES-1. This evidence was further corroborated by data obtained from a cell-free assay, where CRY displayed a significant inhibitory potency against mPGES-1 (IC50 = 1.9 ± 0.4 µM) and 5-LO (IC50 = 7.1 µM), while TIIA showed no relevant inhibition of these targets. This was consistent with their activity to increase mice bleeding time (CRY: 2.44 ± 0.13 min, p ≤ 0.001; TIIA: 2.07 ± 0.17 min p ≤ 0.01) and with the capability to modulate mouse clot retraction (CRY: 0.048 ± 0.011 g, p ≤ 0.01; TIIA: 0.068 ± 0.009 g, p ≤ 0.05). For the first time, our results show that TIIA and, in particular, CRY are able to interact significantly with the key proteins involved not only in the onset of inflammation but also in platelet activity (and hyper-reactivity). Future preclinical and clinical investigations, together with this evidence, could provide the scientific basis to consider these compounds as an alternative therapeutic approach for thrombotic- and thromboembolic-based diseases.
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15
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Ye T, Zhang X, Li G, Wang S. Biomechanics in thrombus formation from direct cellular simulations. Phys Rev E 2021; 102:042410. [PMID: 33212741 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.042410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Numerically reproducing the process of thrombus formation is highly desired for understanding its mechanism but still remains challenging due to the polydisperse feature of blood components and their multiple biochemical or biomechanical behaviors involved. We numerically implemented a simplified version of the process from the perspective of biomechanics, using a mesoscale particle-based method, smoothed dissipative particle dynamics-immersed boundary method. This version covers the adhesion and aggregation of platelets (PLTs), the deformation and aggregation of red blood cells (RBCs), and the interaction between PLTs and RBCs, as well as the blockage of microvessels. Four critical factors that can affect thrombus formation were investigated: the velocity of blood flow, the adhesive ability of PLTs, the interaction strength between PLTs and RBCs, and the deformability of RBCs. Increasing the velocity of blood flow was found to be the most effective way to reduce the microvessel blockage, and reducing the adhesive ability of PLTs is also a direct and efficient way. However, decreasing the interaction strength between PLTs and RBCs sometimes does not alleviate thrombus formation, and similarly, increasing the deformability of RBCs does not have a significant improvement for the severely blocked microvessel. These results imply that maintaining high-rate blood flow plays a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of thrombosis, which is even more effective than antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs. The drugs or treatments concentrating on reducing the PLT-RBC interaction or softening the RBCs may not have a significant effect on the thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ye
- Department of Computational Mathematics, School of Mathematics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- Department of Computational Mathematics, School of Mathematics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Guansheng Li
- Department of Computational Mathematics, School of Mathematics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Sitong Wang
- Department of Computational Mathematics, School of Mathematics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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16
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Quach ME, Chen W, Wang Y, Deckmyn H, Lanza F, Nieswandt B, Li R. Differential regulation of the platelet GPIb-IX complex by anti-GPIbβ antibodies. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:2044-2055. [PMID: 33915031 PMCID: PMC8324530 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets' initial recognition of endothelial damage proceeds through the interaction between collagen, plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF), and the platelet glycoprotein (GP)Ib-IX complex (CD42). The GPIb-IX complex consists of one GPIbα, one GPIX, and two GPIbβ subunits. Once platelets are immobilized to the subendothelial matrix, shear generated by blood flow unfolds a membrane-proximal mechanosensory domain (MSD) in GPIbα, exposing a conserved trigger sequence and activating the receptor. Currently, GPIbα appears to solely facilitate ligand-induced activation because it contains both the MSD and the binding sites for all known ligands to GPIb-IX. Despite being positioned directly adjacent to the MSD, the roles of GPIbβ and GPIX in signal transduction remain murky. OBJECTIVES To characterize a novel rat monoclonal antibody 3G6 that binds GPIbβ. METHODS Effects of 3G6 on activation of GPIb-IX are characterized in platelets and Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing GPIb-IX (CHO-Ib-IX) and compared with those of an inhibitory anti-GPIbβ antibody, RAM.1. RESULTS Both RAM.1 and 3G6 bind to purified GPIbβ and GPIb-IX with high affinity. 3G6 potentiates GPIb-IX-associated filopodia formation in platelets or CHO-Ib-IX when they adhere VWF or antibodies against the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of GPIbα. Pretreatment with 3G6 also increased anti-LBD antibody-induced GPIb-IX activation. Conversely, RAM.1 inhibits nearly all GPIb-IX-related signaling in platelets and CHO-Ib-IX cells. CONCLUSIONS These data represent the first report of a positive modulator of GPIb-IX activation. The divergent modulatory effects of 3G6 and RAM.1, both targeting GPIbβ, strongly suggest that changes in the conformation of GPIbβ underlie outside-in activation via GPIb-IX.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Edward Quach
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Wenchun Chen
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Yingchun Wang
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Hans Deckmyn
- Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Francois Lanza
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, BPPS UMR-S1255, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Rudolf Virchow Center, Julius Maximilian University of Wurzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Renhao Li
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
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17
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Saunders J, Niswander LM, McGrath KE, Koniski A, Catherman SC, Ture SK, Medhora M, Kingsley PD, Calvi LM, Williams JP, Morrell CN, Palis J. Long-acting PGE2 and Lisinopril Mitigate H-ARS. Radiat Res 2021; 196:284-296. [PMID: 34153091 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00113.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia is a major complication in hematopoietic-acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS) that increases the risk of mortality from uncontrolled hemorrhage. There is a great demand for new therapies to improve survival and mitigate bleeding in H-ARS. Thrombopoiesis requires interactions between megakaryocytes (MKs) and endothelial cells. 16, 16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (dmPGE2), a longer-acting analogue of PGE2, promotes hematopoietic recovery after total-body irradiation (TBI), and various angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors mitigate endothelial injury after radiation exposure. Here, we tested a combination therapy of dmPGE2 and lisinopril to mitigate thrombocytopenia in murine models of H-ARS following TBI. After 7.75 Gy TBI, dmPGE2 and lisinopril each increased survival relative to vehicle controls. Importantly, combined dmPGE2 and lisinopril therapy enhanced survival greater than either individual agent. Studies performed after 4 Gy TBI revealed reduced numbers of marrow MKs and circulating platelets. In addition, sublethal TBI induced abnormalities both in MK maturation and in in vitro and in vivo platelet function. dmPGE2, alone and in combination with lisinopril, improved recovery of marrow MKs and peripheral platelets. Finally, sublethal TBI transiently reduced the number of marrow Lin-CD45-CD31+Sca-1- sinusoidal endothelial cells, while combined dmPGE2 and lisinopril treatment, but not single-agent treatment, accelerated their recovery. Taken together, these data support the concept that combined dmPGE2 and lisinopril therapy improves thrombocytopenia and survival by promoting recovery of the MK lineage, as well as the MK niche, in the setting of H-ARS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Saunders
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - L M Niswander
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - K E McGrath
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - A Koniski
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - S C Catherman
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - S K Ture
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - M Medhora
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - P D Kingsley
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - L M Calvi
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - J P Williams
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - C N Morrell
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - J Palis
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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18
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Li BX, Dai X, Xu XR, Adili R, Neves MAD, Lei X, Shen C, Zhu G, Wang Y, Zhou H, Hou Y, Ni T, Pasman Y, Yang Z, Qian F, Zhao Y, Gao Y, Liu J, Teng M, Marshall AH, Cerenzia EG, Li ML, Ni H. In vitro assessment and phase I randomized clinical trial of anfibatide a snake venom derived anti-thrombotic agent targeting human platelet GPIbα. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11663. [PMID: 34083615 PMCID: PMC8175443 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91165-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of platelet GPIbα with von Willebrand factor (VWF) is essential to initiate platelet adhesion and thrombosis, particularly under high shear stress conditions. However, no drug targeting GPIbα has been developed for clinical practice. Here we characterized anfibatide, a GPIbα antagonist purified from snake (Deinagkistrodon acutus) venom, and evaluated its interaction with GPIbα by surface plasmon resonance and in silico modeling. We demonstrated that anfibatide interferds with both VWF and thrombin binding, inhibited ristocetin/botrocetin- and low-dose thrombin-induced human platelet aggregation, and decreased thrombus volume and stability in blood flowing over collagen. In a single-center, randomized, and open-label phase I clinical trial, anfibatide was administered intravenously to 94 healthy volunteers either as a single dose bolus, or a bolus followed by a constant rate infusion of anfibatide for 24 h. Anfibatide inhibited VWF-mediated platelet aggregation without significantly altering bleeding time or coagulation. The inhibitory effects disappeared within 8 h after drug withdrawal. No thrombocytopenia or anti-anfibatide antibodies were detected, and no serious adverse events or allergic reactions were observed during the studies. Therefore, anfibatide was well-tolerated among healthy subjects. Interestingly, anfibatide exhibited pharmacologic effects in vivo at concentrations thousand-fold lower than in vitro, a phenomenon which deserves further investigation.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01588132.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Xiaoyi Li
- Lee's Pharmaceutical Holdings Limited, 1/F, Building 20E, Phase 3, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Zhaoke Pharmaceutical Co. Limited, Hefei, China.
| | - Xiangrong Dai
- Lee's Pharmaceutical Holdings Limited, 1/F, Building 20E, Phase 3, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong SAR, China.,Zhaoke Pharmaceutical Co. Limited, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaohong Ruby Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Reheman Adili
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Miguel Antonio Dias Neves
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, Canada
| | - Xi Lei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Chuanbin Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Guangheng Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yan Hou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tiffany Ni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yfke Pasman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Fang Qian
- Zhaoke Pharmaceutical Co. Limited, Hefei, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Wannan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Maikun Teng
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Alexandra H Marshall
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eric G Cerenzia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mandy Lokyee Li
- Lee's Pharmaceutical Holdings Limited, 1/F, Building 20E, Phase 3, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Heyu Ni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,St. Michael's Hospital, Room 421, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada.
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19
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Platelet transfusion for patients with platelet dysfunction: effectiveness, mechanisms, and unanswered questions. Curr Opin Hematol 2021; 27:378-385. [PMID: 32868672 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we discuss current clinical guidelines and potential underlying mechanisms regarding platelet transfusion therapy in patients at risk of bleeding, comparing management of patients with thrombocytopenia versus those with qualitative platelet disorders. RECENT FINDINGS Platelet transfusion therapy is highly effective in managing bleeding in patients with hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia. Clinical trials have demonstrated that platelet transfusion can be used at a lower trigger threshold and reduced platelet doses, and may be used therapeutically rather than prophylactically in some situations, although additional data are needed. In patients with inherited platelet disorders such as Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia or those with RASGRP2 mutations, platelet transfusion may be ineffective because of competition between transfused and endogenous platelets at the site of vascular injury. Successful management of these patients may require transfusion of additional platelet units, or mechanism-driven combination therapy with other pro-hemostatic agents. In patients on antiplatelet therapy, timing of transfusion and inhibitor mechanism-of-action are key in determining therapeutic success. SUMMARY Expanding our understanding of the mechanisms by which transfused platelets exert their pro-hemostatic function in various bleeding disorders will improve the appropriate use of platelet transfusion.
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20
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Kim OV. Platelet Receptor-Ligand Stochasticity Drives Fluidization of Blood Clots. Biophys J 2021; 120:187-188. [PMID: 33472025 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg V Kim
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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21
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Quach ME, Li R. Structure-function of platelet glycoprotein Ib-IX. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:3131-3141. [PMID: 32735697 PMCID: PMC7854888 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The glycoprotein (GP)Ib-IX receptor complex plays a critical role in platelet physiology and pathology. Its interaction with von Willebrand factor (VWF) on the subendothelial matrix instigates platelet arrest at the site of vascular injury and is vital to primary hemostasis. Its reception to other ligands and counter-receptors in the bloodstream also contribute to various processes of platelet biology that are still being discovered. While its basic composition and its link to congenital bleeding disorders were well documented and firmly established more than 25 years ago, recent years have witnessed critical advances in the organization, dynamics, activation, regulation, and functions of the GPIb-IX complex. This review summarizes important findings and identifies questions that remain about this unique platelet mechanoreceptor complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Edward Quach
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Renhao Li
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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22
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Intravital Assessment of Blood Platelet Function. A Review of the Methodological Approaches with Examples of Studies of Selected Aspects of Blood Platelet Function. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218334. [PMID: 33172065 PMCID: PMC7664321 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet biology owes to intravital studies not only a better understanding of platelets’ role in primary hemostasis but also findings that platelets are important factors in inflammation and atherosclerosis. Researchers who enter the field of intravital platelet studies may be confused by the heterogeneity of experimental protocols utilized. On the one hand, there are a variety of stimuli used to activate platelet response, and on the other hand there are several approaches to measure the outcome of the activation. A number of possible combinations of activation factors with measurement approaches result in the aforementioned heterogeneity. The aim of this review is to present the most often used protocols in a systematic way depending on the stimulus used to activate platelets. By providing examples of studies performed with each of the protocols, we attempt to explain why a particular combination of stimuli and measurement method was applied to study a given aspect of platelet biology.
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23
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GPR56/ADGRG1 is a platelet collagen-responsive GPCR and hemostatic sensor of shear force. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:28275-28286. [PMID: 33097663 PMCID: PMC7668045 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2008921117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified the known collagen receptor GPR56/ADGRG1 on platelets. GPR56 is an adhesion G protein-coupled receptor that becomes activated following forced dissociation of its N-terminal fragment and C-terminal fragment or seven-transmembrane spanning domain (7TM). Fragment dissociation reveals the cryptic stalk of the 7TM, which acts as a tethered peptide agonist, and for GPR56, this activates platelet G13 signaling. GPR56 pharmacological probes activated platelets to undergo shape change and aggregation, which are critical for the formation of hemostatic plugs. Gpr56−/− mice exhibit prolonged bleeding, defective platelet plug formation in vessel injury assays, and delayed thrombotic vessel occlusion. Shear-force dependency of platelet adhesion to immobilized collagen was found to be GPR56 dependent. Circulating platelets roll along exposed collagen at vessel injury sites and respond with filipodia protrusion, shape change, and surface area expansion to facilitate platelet adhesion and plug formation. Various glycoproteins were considered to be both collagen responders and mediators of platelet adhesion, yet the signaling kinetics emanating from these receptors do not fully account for the rapid platelet cytoskeletal changes that occur in blood flow. We found the free N-terminal fragment of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) GPR56 in human plasma and report that GPR56 is the platelet receptor that transduces signals from collagen and blood flow-induced shear force to activate G protein 13 signaling for platelet shape change. Gpr56−/− mice have prolonged bleeding, defective platelet plug formation, and delayed thrombotic occlusion. Human and mouse blood perfusion studies demonstrated GPR56 and shear-force dependence of platelet adhesion to immobilized collagen. Our work places GPR56 as an initial collagen responder and shear-force transducer that is essential for platelet shape change during hemostasis.
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24
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Luo S, Clarke SLN, Ramanan AV, Thompson SD, Langefeld CD, Marion MC, Grom AA, Schooling CM, Gaunt TR, Yeung SLA, Zheng J. Platelet Glycoprotein Ib α-Chain as a Putative Therapeutic Target for Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 73:693-701. [PMID: 33079445 PMCID: PMC8048917 DOI: 10.1002/art.41561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective To ascertain the role of platelet glycoprotein Ib α‐chain (GPIbα) plasma protein levels in cardiovascular, autoimmune, and autoinflammatory diseases and whether its effects are mediated by platelet count. Methods We performed a two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study, using both a cis‐acting protein quantitative trait locus (cis‐pQTL) and trans‐pQTL near the GP1BA and BRAP genes as instruments. To assess if platelet count mediated the effect, we then performed a two‐step MR study. Putative associations (GPIbα/platelet count/disease) detected by MR analyses were subsequently assessed using multiple‐trait colocalization analyses. Results After correction for multiple testing (Bonferroni‐corrected threshold P ≤ 2 × 10−3), GPIbα, instrumented by either cis‐pQTL or trans‐pQTL, was causally implicated with an increased risk of oligoarticular and rheumatoid factor (RF)–negative polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). These effects of GPIbα appeared to be mediated by platelet count and were supported by strong evidence of colocalization (probability of all 3 traits sharing a common causal variant ≥0.80). GPIbα instrumented by cis‐pQTL did not appear to affect cardiovascular risk, although the GPIbα trans‐pQTL was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and autoimmune diseases but a decreased risk of autoinflammatory diseases, suggesting that this trans‐acting instrument operates through other pathways. Conclusion The role of platelets in thrombosis is well‐established; however, our findings provide some novel genetic evidence that platelets may be causally implicated in the development of oligoarticular and RF‐negative polyarticular JIA, and indicate that GPIbα may serve as a putative therapeutic target for these JIA subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Luo
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sarah L N Clarke
- University of Bristol and University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Athimalaipet V Ramanan
- University of Bristol and University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Susan D Thompson
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Centre, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | | | - Alexei A Grom
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Centre, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - C Mary Schooling
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, and The City University of New York School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York
| | - Tom R Gaunt
- University of Bristol and NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK
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25
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Perioperative Bridging/Cessation of Antiplatelet Agents: 2020 Update. CURRENT ANESTHESIOLOGY REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40140-020-00395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Paul DS, Bergmeier W. Novel Mouse Model for Studying Hemostatic Function of Human Platelets. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1891-1904. [PMID: 32493172 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Platelets are critical to the formation of a hemostatic plug and the pathogenesis of atherothrombosis. Preclinical animal models, especially the mouse, provide an important platform to assess the efficacy and safety of antiplatelet drugs. However, these studies are limited by inherent differences between human and mouse platelets and the species-selectivity of many drugs. To circumvent these limitations, we developed a new protocol for the adoptive transfer of human platelets into thrombocytopenic nonobese diabetic/severe combined immune deficiency mice, that is, a model where all endogenous platelets are replaced by human platelets in mice accepting xenogeneic tissues. Approach and Results: To demonstrate the power of this new model, we visualized and quantified hemostatic plug formation and stability by intravital spinning disk confocal microscopy following laser ablation injury to the saphenous vein. Integrin αIIbβ3-dependent hemostatic platelet plug formation was achieved within ≈30 seconds after laser ablation injury in humanized platelet mice. Pretreatment of mice with standard dual antiplatelet therapy (Aspirin+Ticagrelor) or PAR1 inhibitor, L-003959712 (an analog of vorapaxar), mildly prolonged the bleeding time and significantly reduced platelet adhesion to the site of injury. Consistent with findings from clinical trials, inhibition of PAR1 in combination with dual antiplatelet therapy markedly prolonged bleeding time in humanized platelet mice. CONCLUSIONS We propose that this novel mouse model will provide a robust platform to test and predict the safety and efficacy of experimental antiplatelet drugs and to characterize the hemostatic function of synthetic, stored and patient platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Paul
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (D.S.P., W.B.).,UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (D.S.P., W.B.)
| | - Wolfgang Bergmeier
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (D.S.P., W.B.).,UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (D.S.P., W.B.)
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27
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Xin G, Ming Y, Ji C, Wei Z, Li S, Morris-Natschke SL, Zhang X, Yu K, Li Y, Zhang B, Zhang J, Xing Z, He Y, Chen Z, Yang X, Niu H, Lee KH, Huang W. Novel potent antiplatelet thrombotic agent derived from biguanide for ischemic stroke. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 200:112462. [PMID: 32464472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Platelet thrombosis is the main pathogeny resulting in the low curability of ischemic stroke, a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Metformin, a biguanide derivative that is the first-line oral medicine for type 2 diabetes, alleviates the severity of ischemic stroke in diabetic patients and suppresses platelet activation in experimental animal model. However, the clinical implementation of commercial biguanide analogs for stroke related to platelet thrombosis remains challenging due to its weak potency, poor pharmacokinetic characteristics and possible hypoglycemia. Here, twenty-three biguanide derivatives were designed and synthesized based on the principles of bioisosteres. These derivatives were evaluated for the activity of antiplatelet thrombosis in vivo. We found that N-trifluoromethanesulfonyl biguanide derivative, compound b10, uniquely prevented cerebral infarction as well as neuronal function injury, and significantly decrease the mortality rate of ischemic stroke in the middle cerebral artery occlusion mice without significant side effects. We verified that b10 directly inhibited platelets thrombus formation and decreased the compactness of stroke thrombi. Particularly, b10 exhibited good potency to inhibit human platelet activation including platelet aggregation, adhesion, pseudopodia formation, integrin GPIIb/IIIa activation, CD62P expression and clot retraction. Meanwhile, the pharmacokinetics assessment showed that b10 had satisfying pharmacological characteristics including a longer duration and a higher oral absorption ratio than its parent compound. In addition, b10 remarkably ameliorated not only stroke related to platelet thrombosis but also carotid artery thrombus formation. It is concluded that the novel potent antiplatelet thrombotic agent derived from biguanide is a promising candidate for stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Xin
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Ming
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengjie Ji
- Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zeliang Wei
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiyi Li
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kui Yu
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Youping Li
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Boli Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihua Xing
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yarong He
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xijing Yang
- Animal Experiment Center, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hai Niu
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Mathematics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
| | - Wen Huang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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28
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Le Chapelain O, Jadoui S, Boulaftali Y, Ho-Tin-Noé B. The reversed passive Arthus reaction as a model for investigating the mechanisms of inflammation-associated hemostasis. Platelets 2020; 31:455-460. [PMID: 32105152 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1732325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, accumulating evidence has indicated that platelets continuously repair vascular damage at sites of inflammation and/or infection. Studies in mouse models of inflammation have highlighted the fact that the mechanisms underlying bleeding prevention by platelets in inflamed organs can substantially differ from those supporting primary hemostasis following tail tip transection or thrombus formation in models of thrombosis. As a consequence, exploration of the hemostatic function of platelets in inflammation, as well as assessment of the risk of inflammation-induced bleeding associated with a platelet deficit and/or the use of anti-thrombotic drugs, require the use of dedicated experimental models. In the present review, we present the pros and cons of the cutaneous reversed passive Arthus reaction, a model of inflammation which has been instrumental in studying how inflammation causes vascular injury and how platelets continuously intervene to repair it. The limitations and common issues encountered when working with mouse models of inflammation for investigating platelet functions in inflammation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soumaya Jadoui
- Université de Paris, LVTS, Inserm U1148, F-75018 Paris, France
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29
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Extracellular RNA released due to shear stress controls natural bypass growth by mediating mechanotransduction in mice. Blood 2020; 134:1469-1479. [PMID: 31501155 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019001392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluid shear stress in the vasculature is the driving force for natural bypass growth, a fundamental endogenous mechanism to counteract the detrimental consequences of vascular occlusive disease, such as stroke or myocardial infarction. This process, referred to as "arteriogenesis," relies on local recruitment of leukocytes, which supply growth factors to preexisting collateral arterioles enabling them to grow. Although several mechanosensing proteins have been identified, the series of mechanotransduction events resulting in local leukocyte recruitment is not understood. In a mouse model of arteriogenesis (femoral artery ligation), we found that endothelial cells release RNA in response to increased fluid shear stress and that administration of RNase inhibitor blocking plasma RNases improved perfusion recovery. In contrast, treatment with bovine pancreatic RNase A or human recombinant RNase1 interfered with leukocyte recruitment and collateral artery growth. Our results indicated that extracellular RNA (eRNA) regulated leukocyte recruitment by engaging vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), which was confirmed by intravital microscopic studies in a murine cremaster model of inflammation. Moreover, we found that release of von Willebrand factor (VWF) as a result of shear stress is dependent on VEGFR2. Blocking VEGFR2, RNase application, or VWF deficiency interfered with platelet-neutrophil aggregate formation, which is essential for initiating the inflammatory process in arteriogenesis. Taken together, the results show that eRNA is released from endothelial cells in response to shear stress. We demonstrate this extracellular nucleic acid as a critical mediator of mechanotransduction by inducing the liberation of VWF, thereby initiating the multistep inflammatory process responsible for arteriogenesis.
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30
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Zhang P, Chen JS, Li QY, Sheng LX, Gao YX, Lu BZ, Zhu WB, Zhan XY, Li Y, Yuan ZB, Xu G, Qiu BT, Yan M, Guo CX, Wang YQ, Huang YJ, Zhang JX, Liu FY, Tang ZW, Lin SZ, Cooper DN, Yang HM, Wang J, Gao YQ, Yin W, Zhang GJ, Yan GM. Neuroprotectants attenuate hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injuries in cynomolgus monkeys. Zool Res 2020; 41:3-19. [PMID: 31840949 PMCID: PMC6956719 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypobaric hypoxia (HH) exposure can cause serious brain injury as well as life-threatening cerebral edema in severe cases. Previous studies on the mechanisms of HH-induced brain injury have been conducted primarily using non-primate animal models that are genetically distant to humans, thus hindering the development of disease treatment. Here, we report that cynomolgus monkeys (Macacafascicularis) exposed to acute HH developed human-like HH syndrome involving severe brain injury and abnormal behavior. Transcriptome profiling of white blood cells and brain tissue from monkeys exposed to increasing altitude revealed the central role of the HIF-1 and other novel signaling pathways, such as the vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling pathway, in co-regulating HH-induced inflammation processes. We also observed profound transcriptomic alterations in brains after exposure to acute HH, including the activation of angiogenesis and impairment of aerobic respiration and protein folding processes, which likely underlie the pathological effects of HH-induced brain injury. Administration of progesterone (PROG) and steroid neuroprotectant 5α-androst-3β,5,6β-triol (TRIOL) significantly attenuated brain injuries and rescued the transcriptomic changes induced by acute HH. Functional investigation of the affected genes suggested that these two neuroprotectants protect the brain by targeting different pathways, with PROG enhancing erythropoiesis and TRIOL suppressing glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. Thus, this study advances our understanding of the pathology induced by acute HH and provides potential compounds for the development of neuroprotectant drugs for therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China.,Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Jie-Si Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Qi-Ye Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China
| | - Long-Xiang Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yi-Xing Gao
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of People's Liberation Army, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Bing-Zheng Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Wen-Bo Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | | | - Yuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Zhi-Bing Yuan
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of People's Liberation Army, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of People's Liberation Army, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Bi-Tao Qiu
- Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Min Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | | | - You-Qiong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yi-Jun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Jing-Xia Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Fu-Yu Liu
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of People's Liberation Army, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Tang
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of People's Liberation Army, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Sui-Zhen Lin
- Guangzhou Cellprotek Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663, China
| | - David N. Cooper
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Huan-Ming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China.,James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jian Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China.,James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yu-Qi Gao
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of People's Liberation Army, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China. E-mail:
| | - Wei Yin
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China. E-mail:
| | - Guo-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,China National Genebank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518120, China. E-mail:
| | - Guang-Mei Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China. E-mail:
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Denorme F, Vanhoorelbeke K, De Meyer SF. von Willebrand Factor and Platelet Glycoprotein Ib: A Thromboinflammatory Axis in Stroke. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2884. [PMID: 31921147 PMCID: PMC6928043 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
von Willebrand factor (VWF) and platelets are key mediators of normal hemostasis. At sites of vascular injury, VWF recruits platelets via binding to the platelet receptor glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα). Over the past decades, it has become clear that many hemostatic factors, including VWF and platelets, are also involved in inflammatory processes, forming intriguing links between hemostasis, thrombosis, and inflammation. The so-called “thrombo-inflammatory” nature of the VWF-platelet axis becomes increasingly recognized in different cardiovascular pathologies, making it a potential therapeutic target to interfere with both thrombosis and inflammation. In this review, we discuss the current evidence for the thrombo-inflammatory activity of VWF with a focus on the VWF-GPIbα axis and discuss its implications in the setting of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Denorme
- Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, KU Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Simon F De Meyer
- Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, KU Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium
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Lee RH, Piatt R, Dhenge A, Lozano ML, Palma-Barqueros V, Rivera J, Bergmeier W. Impaired hemostatic activity of healthy transfused platelets in inherited and acquired platelet disorders: Mechanisms and implications. Sci Transl Med 2019; 11:eaay0203. [PMID: 31826978 PMCID: PMC10824274 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Platelet transfusions can fail to prevent bleeding in patients with inherited platelet function disorders (IPDs), such as Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (GT; integrin αIIbβ3 dysfunction), Bernard-Soulier syndrome [BSS; glycoprotein (GP) Ib/V/IX dysfunction], and the more recently identified nonsyndromic RASGRP2 variants. Here, we used IPD mouse models and real-time imaging of hemostatic plug formation to investigate whether dysfunctional platelets impair the hemostatic function of healthy donor [wild-type (WT)] platelets. In Rasgrp2-/- mice or mice with platelet-specific deficiency in the integrin adaptor protein TALIN1 ("GT-like"), WT platelet transfusion was ineffective unless the ratio between mutant and WT platelets was ~2:1. In contrast, thrombocytopenic mice or mice lacking the extracellular domain of GPIbα ("BSS-like") required very few transfused WT platelets to normalize hemostasis. Both Rasgrp2-/- and GT-like, but not BSS-like, platelets effectively localized to the injury site. Mechanistic studies identified at least two mechanisms of interference by dysfunctional platelets in IPDs: (i) delayed adhesion of WT donor platelets due to reduced access to GPIbα ligands exposed at sites of vascular injury and (ii) impaired consolidation of the hemostatic plug. We also investigated the hemostatic activity of transfused platelets in the setting of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), an acquired platelet function disorder (APD). "DAPT" platelets did not prolong the time to initial hemostasis, but plugs were unstable and frequent rebleeding was observed. Thus, we propose that the endogenous platelet count and the ratio of transfused versus endogenous platelets should be considered when treating select IPD and APD patients with platelet transfusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
- UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Raymond Piatt
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ankita Dhenge
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - María L Lozano
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, CB15/00055-CIBERER, Murcia 30003, Spain
| | - Verónica Palma-Barqueros
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, CB15/00055-CIBERER, Murcia 30003, Spain
| | - José Rivera
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, CB15/00055-CIBERER, Murcia 30003, Spain
| | - Wolfgang Bergmeier
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
- UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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33
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Stegner D, Klaus V, Nieswandt B. Platelets as Modulators of Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2505. [PMID: 31736950 PMCID: PMC6838001 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is among the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. In acute ischemic stroke, the rapid recanalization of occluded cranial vessels is the primary therapeutic aim. However, experimental data (obtained using mostly the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model) indicates that progressive stroke can still develop despite successful recanalization, a process termed “reperfusion injury.” Mounting experimental evidence suggests that platelets and T cells contribute to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, and ischemic stroke is increasingly considered a thrombo-inflammatory disease. The interaction of von Willebrand factor and its receptor on the platelet surface, glycoprotein Ib, as well as many activatory platelet receptors and platelet degranulation contribute to secondary infarct growth in this setting. In contrast, interference with GPIIb/IIIa-dependent platelet aggregation and thrombus formation does not improve the outcome of acute brain ischemia but dramatically increases the susceptibility to intracranial hemorrhage. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms and the potential translational impact of platelet contributions to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stegner
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine-Department I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Klaus
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine-Department I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine-Department I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Rana A, Westein E, Niego B, Hagemeyer CE. Shear-Dependent Platelet Aggregation: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:141. [PMID: 31620451 PMCID: PMC6763557 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the number one cause of morbidity and death worldwide. As estimated by the WHO, the global death rate from CVD is 31% wherein, a staggering 85% results from stroke and myocardial infarction. Platelets, one of the key components of thrombi, have been well-investigated over decades for their pivotal role in thrombus development in healthy as well as diseased blood vessels. In hemostasis, when a vascular injury occurs, circulating platelets are arrested at the site of damage, where they are activated and aggregate to form hemostatic thrombi, thus preventing further bleeding. However, in thrombosis, pathological activation of platelets occurs, leading to uncontrolled growth of a thrombus, which in turn can occlude the blood vessel or embolize, causing downstream ischemic events. The molecular processes causing pathological thrombus development are in large similar to the processes controlling physiological thrombus formation. The biggest challenge of anti-thrombotics and anti-platelet therapeutics has been to decouple the pathological platelet response from the physiological one. Currently, marketed anti-platelet drugs are associated with major bleeding complications for this exact reason; they are not effective in targeting pathological thrombi without interfering with normal hemostasis. Recent studies have emphasized the importance of shear forces generated from blood flow, that primarily drive platelet activation and aggregation in thrombosis. Local shear stresses in obstructed blood vessels can be higher by up to two orders of magnitude as compared to healthy vessels. Leveraging abnormal shear forces in the thrombus microenvironment may allow to differentiate between thrombosis and hemostasis and develop shear-selective anti-platelet therapies. In this review, we discuss the influence of shear forces on thrombosis and the underlying mechanisms of shear-induced platelet activation. Later, we summarize the therapeutic approaches to target shear-sensitive platelet activation and pathological thrombus growth, with a particular focus on the shear-sensitive protein von Willebrand Factor (VWF). Inhibition of shear-specific platelet aggregation and targeted drug delivery may prove to be much safer and efficacious approaches over current state-of-the-art antithrombotic drugs in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshita Rana
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Erik Westein
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Be'eri Niego
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christoph E Hagemeyer
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Stivala S, Sorrentino S, Gobbato S, Bonetti NR, Camici GG, Lüscher TF, Medalia O, Beer JH. Glycoprotein Ib clustering in platelets can be inhibited by α-linolenic acid as revealed by cryo-electron tomography. Haematologica 2019; 105:1660-1666. [PMID: 31439672 PMCID: PMC7271563 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.220988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet adhesion to the sub-endothelial matrix and damaged endothelium occurs through a multi-step process mediated in the initial phase by glycoprotein Ib binding to von Willebrand factor (vWF), which leads to the subsequent formation of a platelet plug. The plant-derived ω-3 fatty acid α-linolenic acid is an abundant alternative to fish-derived n-3 fatty acids and has anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic properties. In this study, we investigated the impact of α-linolenic acid on human platelet binding to vWF under high-shear flow conditions (mimicking blood flow in stenosed arteries). Pre-incubation of fresh human blood from healthy donors with α-linolenic acid at dietary relevant concentrations reduced platelet binding and rolling on vWF-coated microchannels at a shear rate of 100 dyn/cm2. Depletion of membrane cholesterol by incubation of platelet-rich plasma with methyl-β cyclodextrin abrogated platelet rolling on vWF. Analysis of glycoprotein Ib by applying cryo-electron tomography to intact platelets revealed local clusters of glycoprotein Ib complexes upon exposure to shear force: the formation of these complexes could be prevented by treatment with α-linolenic acid. This study provides novel findings on the rapid local rearrangement of glycoprotein Ib complexes in response to high-shear flow and highlights the mechanism of in vitro inhibition of platelet binding to and rolling on vWF by α-linolenic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Stivala
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simona Sorrentino
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Gobbato
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ohad Medalia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland .,Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
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Abstract
The vasculature is a dynamic environment in which blood platelets constantly survey the endothelium for sites of vessel damage. The formation of a mechanically coherent hemostatic plug to prevent blood loss relies on a coordinated series of ligand-receptor interactions governing the recruitment, activation, and aggregation of platelets. The physical biology of each step is distinct in that the recruitment of platelets depends on the mechanosensing of the platelet receptor glycoprotein Ib for the adhesive protein von Willebrand factor, whereas platelet activation and aggregation are responsive to the mechanical forces sensed at adhesive junctions between platelets and at the platelet-matrix interface. Herein we take a biophysical perspective to discuss the current understanding of platelet mechanotransduction as well as the measurement techniques used to quantify the physical biology of platelets in the context of thrombus formation under flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Hansen
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA; .,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Yongzhi Qiu
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA; .,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Wilbur A Lam
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA; .,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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37
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Platelet MEKK3 regulates arterial thrombosis and myocardial infarct expansion in mice. Blood Adv 2019; 2:1439-1448. [PMID: 29941457 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2017015149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MAPKs play important roles in platelet activation. However, the molecular mechanisms by which MAPKs are regulated in platelets remain largely unknown. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot data showed that MEKK3, a key MAP3K family member, was expressed in human and mouse platelets. Then, megakaryocyte/platelet-specific MEKK3-deletion (MEKK3-/- ) mice were developed to elucidate the platelet-related function(s) of MEKK3. We found that agonist-induced aggregation and degranulation were reduced in MEKK3-/- platelets in vitro. MEKK3 deficiency significantly impaired integrin αIIbβ3-mediated inside-out signaling but did not affect the outside-in signaling. At the molecular level, MEKK3 deficiency led to severely impaired activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 2 but not p38 or ERK5. In vivo, MEKK3-/- mice showed delayed thrombus formation following FeCl3-induced carotid artery injury. Interestingly, the tail bleeding time was normal in MEKK3-/- mice. Moreover, MEKK3-/- mice had fewer microthrombi, reduced myocardial infarction (MI) size, and improved post-MI heart function in a mouse model of MI. These results suggest that MEKK3 plays important roles in platelet MAPK activation and may be used as a new effective target for antithrombosis and prevention of MI expansion.
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38
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Chen J, Schroeder JA, Luo X, Montgomery RR, Shi Q. The impact of GPIbα on platelet-targeted FVIII gene therapy in hemophilia A mice with pre-existing anti-FVIII immunity. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:449-459. [PMID: 30609275 PMCID: PMC6397061 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Essentials Platelet-specific FVIII gene therapy is effective in hemophilia A mice even with inhibitors. The impact of platelet adherence via VWF/GPIbα binding on platelet gene therapy was investigated. GPIbα does not significantly affect platelet gene therapy of hemophilia A with inhibitors. Platelet gene therapy induces immune tolerance in hemophilia A mice with pre-existing immunity. SUMMARY: Background We have previously demonstrated that von Willebrand factor (VWF) is essential in platelet-specific FVIII (2bF8) gene therapy of hemophilia A (HA) with inhibitory antibodies (inhibitors). At the site of injury, platelet adherence is initiated by VWF binding to the platelet GPIb complex. Objective To investigate the impact of GPIbα on platelet gene therapy of HA with inhibitors. Methods Platelet-FVIII expression was introduced by 2bF8 lentivirus (2bF8LV) transduction of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from GPIbαnull (Ibnull ) mice or rhF8-primed FVIIInull (F8null ) mice followed by transplantation into lethally irradiated rhF8-primed F8null recipients. Animals were analyzed by flow cytometry, FVIII assays and the tail bleeding test. Results After transplantation, 99% of platelets were derived from donors. The macrothrombocytopenia phenotype was maintained in F8null mice that received 2bF8LV-transduced Ibnull HSCs (2bF8-Ibnull /F8null ). The platelet-FVIII expression level in 2bF8-Ibnull /F8null recipients was similar to that obtained from F8null mice that received 2bF8LV-transduced F8null HSCs (2bF8-F8null /F8null ). The tail bleeding test showed that the remaining hemoglobin level in the 2bF8-Ibnull /F8null group was significantly higher than in the F8null control group, but there was no significant difference between the 2bF8-Ibnull /F8null and 2bF8-F8null /F8null groups. The half-life of inhibitor disappearance time was comparable between the 2bF8-Ibnull /F8null and 2bF8-F8null /F8null groups. The rhF8 re-challenge did not elicit a memory immune response once inhibitor titers dropped to undetectable levels after 2bF8 gene therapy. Conclusion GPIbα does not significantly impact platelet gene therapy of HA with inhibitors. 2bF8 gene therapy restores hemostasis and promotes immune tolerance in HA mice with pre-existing immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jocelyn A. Schroeder
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Children’s Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- MACC Fund Research Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Luo
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Robert R. Montgomery
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Children’s Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- MACC Fund Research Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Qizhen Shi
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Children’s Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- MACC Fund Research Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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39
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Waters L, Padula MP, Marks DC, Johnson L. Cryopreservation of UVC pathogen-inactivated platelets. Transfusion 2019; 59:2093-2102. [PMID: 30790288 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extending the platelet (PLT) shelf life and enhancing product safety may be achieved by combining cryopreservation and pathogen inactivation (PI). Although studied individually, limited investigations into combining these treatments has been performed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PI treating PLTs before cryopreservation on in vitro PLT quality and function. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS ABO-matched buffy coat-derived PLTs in PLT additive solution (SSP+; Macopharma) were pooled and split to form matched pairs (n = 8). One unit remained untreated and the other was treated with the THERAFLEX UV-Platelets System (UVC; Macopharma). For cryopreservation, 5% to 6% dimethyl sulfoxide was added to the PLTs, and they were frozen at -80°C. After being thawed, untreated cryopreserved PLTs (CPPs) and UVC-treated CPPs (UVC-CPPs) were resuspended in plasma. In vitro quality was assessed immediately after thawing and after 24 hours of room temperature storage. RESULTS UVC-CPPs had lower in vitro recovery compared to CPPs. By flow cytometry, PLTs demonstrated a similar abundance of GPIX (CD42a), GPIIb (CD41a), and GPIbα (CD42b-HIP1), while the activation of GPIIb/IIIa (PAC-1) was increased in UVC-CPPs compared to CPPs. UVC-CPPs demonstrated greater phosphatidylserine exposure (annexin V) and microparticle shedding but similar P-selectin (CD62P) abundance compared to CPPs. UVC-CPPs displayed similar functionality to CPPs when assessed using aggregometry, thromboelastography, and thrombin generation. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the feasibility of cryopreserving UVC-PI-treated PLT products. UVC-PI treatment may increase the susceptibility of PLTs to damage caused during cryopreservation, but this is more pronounced during postthaw storage at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Waters
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Life Sciences and Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew P Padula
- School of Life Sciences and Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Denese C Marks
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lacey Johnson
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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40
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Qi QM, Dunne E, Oglesby I, Schoen I, Ricco AJ, Kenny D, Shaqfeh ESG. In Vitro Measurement and Modeling of Platelet Adhesion on VWF-Coated Surfaces in Channel Flow. Biophys J 2019; 116:1136-1151. [PMID: 30824114 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of platelet adhesion is initiated by glycoprotein (GP)Ib and GPIIbIIIa receptors on the platelet surface binding with von Willebrand factor on the vascular walls. This initial adhesion and detachment of a single platelet is a complex process that involves multiple bonds forming and breaking and is strongly influenced by the surrounding blood-flow environment. In addition to bond-level kinetics, external factors such as shear rate, hematocrit, and GPIb and GPIIbIIIa receptor densities have also been identified as influencing the platelet-level rate constants in separate studies, but this still leaves a gap in understanding between these two length scales. In this study, we investigate the fundamental relationship of the dynamics of platelet adhesion, including these interrelating factors, using a coherent strategy. We build a, to our knowledge, novel and computationally efficient multiscale model accounting for multibond kinetics and hydrodynamic effects due to the flow of a cellular suspension. The model predictions of platelet-level kinetics are verified by our microfluidic experiments, which systematically investigate the role of each external factor on platelet adhesion in an in vitro setting. We derive quantitative formulas describing how the rates of platelet adhesion, translocation, and detachment are defined by the molecular-level kinetic constants, the local platelet concentration near the reactive surface determined by red-blood-cell migration, the platelet effective reactive area due to its tumbling motion, and the platelet surface receptor density. Furthermore, if any of these aspects involved have abnormalities, e.g., in a disease condition, our findings also have clinical relevance in predicting the resulting change in the adhesion dynamics, which is essential to hemostasis and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin M Qi
- Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
| | - Eimear Dunne
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology and Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Irene Oglesby
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology and Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ingmar Schoen
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology and Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Antonio J Ricco
- Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Dermot Kenny
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology and Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eric S G Shaqfeh
- Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California; Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California; Institute for Computational and Mathmatical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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41
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Cattaneo M. Inherited Disorders of Platelet Function. Platelets 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813456-6.00048-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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The Glycoprotein Ib-IX-V Complex. Platelets 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813456-6.00010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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Balle CM, Jeppesen AN, Christensen S, Hvas AM. Platelet Function During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Adult Patients: A Systematic Review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:157. [PMID: 30474031 PMCID: PMC6237979 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hemorrhagic and thromboembolic complications are common during treatment with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality. This emphasizes the clinical relevance of understanding hemostatic changes occurring during ECMO treatment. As platelets are key players in hemostasis, detailed knowledge on how ECMO treatment affects platelet function is of great importance. We therefore aimed to systematically summarize and discuss existing knowledge on platelet function during ECMO treatment in adult patients. Methods: Systematic review complying with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Objectives and methods were specified in a PROSPERO protocol (ID no CRD42018084059). The MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched on September 10, 2018. A standardized quality assessment tool was used to assess the risk of bias in included studies. Primary outcome was platelet function during ECMO treatment, measured as platelet adhesion, activation or aggregation. Secondary outcomes were thrombosis, bleeding, and mortality during ECMO treatment. Results: A total of 591 studies were identified, of which seven were eligible for inclusion in the qualitative synthesis. Of these, one study investigated expression of platelet adhesion receptors and found them to be reduced during ECMO treatment; two studies reported a decrease in platelet activation markers during ECMO treatment; and five studies demonstrated reduced platelet aggregation during ECMO treatment. Three studies reported on thrombosis, mortality and/or bleeding during ECMO treatment; no thromboembolic events were reported; all three studies reported frequent bleeding episodes defined on basis of transfusion requirements. An in-hospital mortality of 35-40% and a 30-day mortality of roughly 30% were reported in three different studies. Conclusions: The present systematic review reveals a substantial knowledge gap regarding platelet function during ECMO treatment in adult patients and underscores the demand for more and well-designed studies on this topic. There is suggested evidence of reduced platelet adhesion, decreased platelet activation, and reduced platelet aggregation in adult patients during ECMO treatment. Importantly, platelet aggregation results need to be interpreted in the light of low platelet counts. The associations of platelet function and bleeding and/or thromboembolic complications during ECMO treatment remain to be fully elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Mains Balle
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anni Nørgaard Jeppesen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Steffen Christensen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne-Mette Hvas
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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GPIbα is required for platelet-mediated hepatic thrombopoietin generation. Blood 2018; 132:622-634. [PMID: 29794068 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-12-820779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombopoietin (TPO), a hematopoietic growth factor produced predominantly by the liver, is essential for thrombopoiesis. Prevailing theory posits that circulating TPO levels are maintained through its clearance by platelets and megakaryocytes via surface c-Mpl receptor internalization. Interestingly, we found a two- to threefold decrease in circulating TPO in GPIbα-/- mice compared with wild-type (WT) controls, which was consistent in GPIbα-deficient human Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS) patients. We showed that lower TPO levels in GPIbα-deficient conditions were not due to increased TPO clearance by GPIbα-/- platelets but rather to decreased hepatic TPO mRNA transcription and production. We found that WT, but not GPIbα-/-, platelet transfusions rescued hepatic TPO mRNA and circulating TPO levels in GPIbα-/- mice. In vitro hepatocyte cocultures with platelets or GPIbα-coupled beads further confirm the disruption of platelet-mediated hepatic TPO generation in the absence of GPIbα. Treatment of GPIbα-/- platelets with neuraminidase caused significant desialylation; however, strikingly, desialylated GPIbα-/- platelets could not rescue impaired hepatic TPO production in vivo or in vitro, suggesting that GPIbα, independent of platelet desialylation, is a prerequisite for hepatic TPO generation. Additionally, impaired hepatic TPO production was recapitulated in interleukin-4/GPIbα-transgenic mice, as well as with antibodies targeting the extracellular portion of GPIbα, demonstrating that the N terminus of GPIbα is required for platelet-mediated hepatic TPO generation. These findings reveal a novel nonredundant regulatory role for platelets in hepatic TPO homeostasis, which improves our understanding of constitutive TPO regulation and has important implications in diseases related to GPIbα, such as BSS and auto- and alloimmune-mediated thrombocytopenias.
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14-3-3 proteins in platelet biology and glycoprotein Ib-IX signaling. Blood 2018; 131:2436-2448. [PMID: 29622550 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-09-742650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the 14-3-3 family of proteins function as adapters/modulators that recognize phosphoserine/phosphothreonine-based binding motifs in many intracellular proteins and play fundamental roles in signal transduction pathways of eukaryotic cells. In platelets, 14-3-3 plays a wide range of regulatory roles in phosphorylation-dependent signaling pathways, including G-protein signaling, cAMP signaling, agonist-induced phosphatidylserine exposure, and regulation of mitochondrial function. In particular, 14-3-3 interacts with several phosphoserine-dependent binding sites in the major platelet adhesion receptor, the glycoprotein Ib-IX complex (GPIb-IX), regulating its interaction with von Willebrand factor (VWF) and mediating VWF/GPIb-IX-dependent mechanosignal transduction, leading to platelet activation. The interaction of 14-3-3 with GPIb-IX also plays a critical role in enabling the platelet response to low concentrations of thrombin through cooperative signaling mediated by protease-activated receptors and GPIb-IX. The various functions of 14-3-3 in platelets suggest that it is a possible target for the treatment of thrombosis and inflammation.
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Gardiner EE. Proteolytic processing of platelet receptors. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2018; 2:240-250. [PMID: 30046726 PMCID: PMC6055504 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets have a major role in hemostasis and an emerging role in biological processes including inflammation and immunity. Many of these processes require platelet adhesion and localization at sites of tissue damage or infection and regulated platelet activation, mediated by platelet adheso-signalling receptors, glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX-V and GPVI. Work from a number of laboratories has demonstrated that levels of these receptors are closely regulated by metalloproteinases of the A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase (ADAM) family, primarily ADAM17 and ADAM10. It is becoming increasingly evident that platelets have important roles in innate immunity, inflammation, and in combating infection that extends beyond processes of hemostasis. This overview will examine the molecular events that regulate levels of platelet receptors and then assess ramifications for these events in settings where hemostasis, inflammation, and infection processes are triggered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth E. Gardiner
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and TherapeuticsJohn Curtin School of Medical ResearchThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
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Stark K, Schubert I, Joshi U, Kilani B, Hoseinpour P, Thakur M, Grünauer P, Pfeiler S, Schmidergall T, Stockhausen S, Bäumer M, Chandraratne S, von Brühl ML, Lorenz M, Coletti R, Reese S, Laitinen I, Wörmann SM, Algül H, Bruns CJ, Ware J, Mackman N, Engelmann B, Massberg S. Distinct Pathogenesis of Pancreatic Cancer Microvesicle-Associated Venous Thrombosis Identifies New Antithrombotic Targets In Vivo. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:772-786. [PMID: 29419408 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cancer patients are at high risk of developing deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and venous thromboembolism, a leading cause of mortality in this population. However, it is largely unclear how malignant tumors drive the prothrombotic cascade culminating in DVT. APPROACH AND RESULTS Here, we addressed the pathophysiology of malignant DVT compared with nonmalignant DVT and focused on the role of tumor microvesicles as potential targets to prevent cancer-associated DVT. We show that microvesicles released by pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells (pancreatic tumor-derived microvesicles [pcMV]) boost thrombus formation in a model of flow restriction of the mouse vena cava. This depends on the synergistic activation of coagulation by pcMV and host tissue factor. Unlike nonmalignant DVT, which is initiated and propagated by innate immune cells, thrombosis triggered by pcMV was largely independent of myeloid leukocytes or platelets. Instead, we identified externalization of the phospholipid phosphatidylethanolamine as a major mechanism controlling the prothrombotic activity of pcMV. Disrupting phosphatidylethanolamine-dependent activation of factor X suppressed pcMV-induced DVT without causing changes in hemostasis. CONCLUSIONS Together, we show here that the pathophysiology of pcMV-associated experimental DVT differs markedly from innate immune cell-promoted nonmalignant DVT and is therefore amenable to distinct antithrombotic strategies. Targeting phosphatidylethanolamine on tumor microvesicles could be a new strategy for prevention of cancer-associated DVT without causing bleeding complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Stark
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.).
| | - Irene Schubert
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Urjita Joshi
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Badr Kilani
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Parandis Hoseinpour
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Manovriti Thakur
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Petra Grünauer
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Susanne Pfeiler
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Tobias Schmidergall
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Sven Stockhausen
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Markus Bäumer
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Sue Chandraratne
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Marie-Luise von Brühl
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Michael Lorenz
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Raffaele Coletti
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Sven Reese
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Iina Laitinen
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Sonja Maria Wörmann
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Hana Algül
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Christiane J Bruns
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Jerry Ware
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Nigel Mackman
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Bernd Engelmann
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Steffen Massberg
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (K.S., I.S., B.K., P.H., T.S., S.S., S.C., M.-L.v.B., M.L., R.C., S.M.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (K.S., S.M.); Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin (U.J., M.T., P.G., S.P., M.B., B.E.) and Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Department of Veterinary Medicine (S.R.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (I.L.) and II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik (S.M.W., H.A.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Tumorchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Cologne, Germany (C.J.B.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (J.W.); and Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
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Rayes J, Jadoui S, Lax S, Gros A, Wichaiyo S, Ollivier V, Denis CV, Ware J, Nieswandt B, Jandrot-Perrus M, Watson SP, Ho-Tin-Noé B. The contribution of platelet glycoprotein receptors to inflammatory bleeding prevention is stimulus and organ dependent. Haematologica 2018; 103:e256-e258. [PMID: 29419432 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.182162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Rayes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Soumaya Jadoui
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S1148, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Bichat, France
| | - Siân Lax
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Angèle Gros
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S1148, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Bichat, France
| | - Surasak Wichaiyo
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Véronique Ollivier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S1148, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Bichat, France
| | - Cécile V Denis
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 1176, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Jerry Ware
- Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Chair of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, Germany
| | - Martine Jandrot-Perrus
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S1148, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Bichat, France
| | - Steve P Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK .,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, UK
| | - Benoît Ho-Tin-Noé
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S1148, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Bichat, France
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Abstract
Antiplatelet drugs, such as aspirin, P2Y12 antagonists, and glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa inhibitors, have proved to be successful in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with arterial thrombosis. These agents are, therefore, the cornerstone of therapy for patients with acute coronary syndromes. However, these drugs all carry an inherent risk of bleeding, which is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes and mortality. Thus, the potential benefits of more potent, conventional antiplatelet drugs are likely be offset by the increased risk of bleeding. Data from experiments in vivo have highlighted potentially important differences between haemostasis and thrombosis, raising the prospect of developing new antiplatelet drugs that are not associated with bleeding. Indeed, in preclinical studies, several novel antiplatelet therapies that seem to inhibit thrombosis while maintaining haemostasis have been identified. These agents include inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-β (PI3Kβ), protein disulfide-isomerase, activated GPIIb/IIIa, GPIIb/IIIa outside-in signalling, protease-activated receptors, and platelet GPVI-mediated adhesion pathways. In this Review, we discuss how a therapeutic ceiling has been reached with existing antiplatelet drugs, whereby increased potency is offset by elevated bleeding risk. The latest advances in our understanding of thrombus formation have informed the development of new antiplatelet drugs that are potentially safer than currently available therapies.
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50
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Bode C, Duerschmied D. Vorapaxar expands antiplatelet options. Hamostaseologie 2017; 32:221-227. [DOI: 10.5482/hamo-12-05-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
SummaryVorapaxar is the first substance of a new class of antiplatelet drugs that has been tested in large clinical trials. The protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) antagonist inhibits thrombin-induced platelet activation to prevent atherothrombosis. In the phase 3 trials TRACER (acute coronary syndrome) and TRA 2P-TIMI 50 (stable atherosclerosis) reducing ischemic events with vorapaxar came at the cost of bleeding.TRACER compared vorapaxar to placebo in 12 944 patients who had non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes on top of contemporary treatment including dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin and clopidogrel). Vorapaxar reduced ischemic events non-significantly, but increased bleeding significantly, therefore not justifying triple antiplatelet therapy in this setting. Follow-up was stopped early because of bleeding. TRA 2P-TIMI 50 examined 26 449 patients who had a history of myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, or peripheral arterial disease. Vorapaxar reduced ischemic events and increased bleeding both significantly. Recruitment of patients with prior stroke was stopped early. Net clinical outcome and subgroup analyses suggested that vorapaxar could be beneficial for patients with prior myocardial infarction – but no history of stroke.
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