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Tong L, Corrigan A, Kumar NR, Hallbrook K, Orme J, Wang Y, Zhou H. CLANet: A comprehensive framework for cross-batch cell line identification using brightfield images. Med Image Anal 2024; 94:103123. [PMID: 38430651 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2024.103123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Cell line authentication plays a crucial role in the biomedical field, ensuring researchers work with accurately identified cells. Supervised deep learning has made remarkable strides in cell line identification by studying cell morphological features through cell imaging. However, biological batch (bio-batch) effects, a significant issue stemming from the different times at which data is generated, lead to substantial shifts in the underlying data distribution, thus complicating reliable differentiation between cell lines from distinct batch cultures. To address this challenge, we introduce CLANet, a pioneering framework for cross-batch cell line identification using brightfield images, specifically designed to tackle three distinct bio-batch effects. We propose a cell cluster-level selection method to efficiently capture cell density variations, and a self-supervised learning strategy to manage image quality variations, thus producing reliable patch representations. Additionally, we adopt multiple instance learning(MIL) for effective aggregation of instance-level features for cell line identification. Our innovative time-series segment sampling module further enhances MIL's feature-learning capabilities, mitigating biases from varying incubation times across batches. We validate CLANet using data from 32 cell lines across 93 experimental bio-batches from the AstraZeneca Global Cell Bank. Our results show that CLANet outperforms related approaches (e.g. domain adaptation, MIL), demonstrating its effectiveness in addressing bio-batch effects in cell line identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tong
- School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; Data Sciences and Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adam Corrigan
- Data Sciences and Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge, UK
| | - Navin Rathna Kumar
- UK Cell Culture and Banking, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Alderley Park, UK
| | - Kerry Hallbrook
- UK Cell Culture and Banking, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Alderley Park, UK
| | - Jonathan Orme
- UK Cell Culture and Banking, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yinhai Wang
- Data Sciences and Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Huiyu Zhou
- School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
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2
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Yang M, He J, Xia S, Wang Y, Xiong J, Liao C, Li N, Qu S, Shen C. Investigation of the mixed origins of the MGC-803 cell line reveals that it is a hybrid cell line derived from HeLa. Hum Cell 2024; 37:560-566. [PMID: 38079103 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-01011-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Human cancer cell lines have an essential role in cancer research, but only authentic cell lines should be used as biological models. Authentication testing using short tandem repeat (STR) loci has shown that MGC-803 cells, which were reported to come from gastric adenocarcinoma, are similar to HeLa. In this study, we confirmed that the MGC-803 cell line contains genetic material from HeLa, including genetic sequence from human papilloma virus 18 (HPV18). Additional alleles were present on STR analysis that remained stable after extensive passaging and generation of mono-clones. This behavior is consistent with a hybrid cell line arising from cell-cell fusion. Further genetic analysis revealed that MGC-803 originated from donors with different genetic ancestries, one African (HeLa) and the other Asian. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that MGC-803 closely resembles HeLa and another nasopharyngeal-HeLa hybrid cell line CNE-2. Based on these findings, we conclude that MGC-803 is a hybrid cell line derived from HeLa and other cells, the latter derived from a different patient with Asian genetic ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Yang
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing He
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sixuan Xia
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yudong Wang
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xiong
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong Liao
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Li
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sanfu Qu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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3
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Ziemanski JF, Szalai AJ. Immortalized Human Conjunctival Epithelial Cells Produce Functional Complement C3 and C4 Proteins. Cornea 2024; 43:365-371. [PMID: 37983311 PMCID: PMC10872758 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess whether complement proteins C3 and C4 are produced by immortalized human conjunctival epithelial (HCjE) cells. METHODS Supernatants and cell lysates from undifferentiated and differentiated HCjE cells were assayed for C3 and C4 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To measure complement protein function, supernatants and lysates were treated with heat-aggregated IgG, and soluble C5b-9 was measured. RESULTS C3 was upregulated in supernatants from differentiated HCjE cells compared with undifferentiated HCjE cells (556.55 ± 91.75 vs. 56.95 ± 12.09 ng/mL, P <0.001). C4 was also increased in supernatants but to a much lesser extent (0.599 ± 0.476 vs. 0.172 ± 0.0133 ng/mL, P = 0.03). From HCjE cell lysates, total C3 production was 9.03 times higher in differentiated HCjE cells ( P <0.001), whereas total C4 remained relatively unchanged. After activation with heat-aggregated IgG, sC5b-9 could be detected from both undifferentiated and differentiated HCjE cell lysates, but not in the HCjE supernatants. CONCLUSIONS HCjE cells produce C3 and C4 in sufficient quantities to support the formation of sC5b-9, confirming their biological activity and suggesting that HCjE cells likely produce all complement proteins C1 through C9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian F. Ziemanski
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Optometry, Department of Optometry and Vision Science, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Alexander J. Szalai
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Akiyama T, Yoshimatsu Y, Noguchi R, Sin Y, Osaki J, Ono T, Adachi Y, Tsuchiya R, Toda Y, Ogura K, Kojima N, Yoshida A, Ohtori S, Kawai A, Kondo T. Establishment and characterization of NCC-DFSP4-C1: a novel cell line from a patient with dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans having the fibrosarcomatous transformation. Hum Cell 2023; 36:2187-2194. [PMID: 37490236 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00932-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a superficial low-grade sarcoma, genetically characterized by a fusion gene in collagen type I α (COL1A1) gene and platelet-derived growth factor subunit β (PDGFB). DFSP is locally aggressive and does not typically metastasize. However, DFSP with fibrosarcomatous transformation, which occurs in 7-16% of DFSP cases, demonstrates a poor prognosis than classic DFSP with a higher local recurrence rate and metastatic potential. Although imatinib, a PDGF receptor inhibitor, is a potent therapeutic agent for classic DFSP, it is less effective for DFSP with fibrosarcomatous transformation. The development of definitive chemotherapies for DFSP with fibrosarcomatous transformation is required. Patient-derived tumor cell lines are indispensable tools for preclinical research to discover novel therapeutic agents. However, only seven cell lines were derived from DFSP, out of which only two were established from DFSP with fibrosarcomatous transformation. Hence, in the present study, we established a novel DFSP cell line, NCC-DFSP4-C1, from a surgically resected DFSP tumor specimen with fibrosarcomatous transformation. NCC-DFSP4-C1 harbored an identical COL1A1-PDGFB fusion gene as its donor tumor. NCC-DFSP4-C1 cells retained the morphology of their donor tumor and demonstrated constant proliferation, spheroid formation, and invasion capability in vitro. By screening a drug library, we found that bortezomib and romidepsin demonstrated the strongest suppressive effects on the proliferation of NCC-DFSP4-C1 cells. In conclusion, we report a novel cell line of DFSP with fibrosarcomatous transformation, and demonstrate its utility in the development of novel therapeutic agents for DFSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Akiyama
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-Shi, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshimatsu
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Division of Patient-Derived Cancer Model, Tochigi Cancer Center, 4-9-13 Yohnan, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0834, Japan
| | - Rei Noguchi
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yooksil Sin
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Julia Osaki
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Takuya Ono
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yuki Adachi
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Ryuto Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-Shi, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yu Toda
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Koichi Ogura
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Naoki Kojima
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshida
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Seiji Ohtori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-Shi, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Akira Kawai
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kondo
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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Bailey S, Ferraresso M, Alonso-Crisostomo L, Ward D, Smith S, Nicholson JC, Saini H, Enright AJ, Scarpini CG, Coleman N, Murray MJ. Targeting oncogenic microRNAs from the miR-371~373 and miR-302/367 clusters in malignant germ cell tumours causes growth inhibition through cell cycle disruption. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1451-1461. [PMID: 37789102 PMCID: PMC10628203 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02453-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MiR-371~373 and miR-302/367 cluster over-expression occurs in all malignant germ cell tumours (GCTs), regardless of age (paediatric/adult), site (gonadal/extragonadal), or subtype [seminoma, yolk sac tumour (YST), embryonal carcinoma (EC)]. Six of eight microRNAs from these clusters contain the seed sequence 'AAGUGC', determining mRNA targeting. Here we sought to identify the significance of these observations by targeting these microRNAs functionally. METHODS We targeted miR-371~373 and/or miR-302/367 clusters in malignant GCT cell lines, using CRISPR-Cas9, gapmer primary miR-302/367 transcript inhibition, and peptide nucleic acid (PNA) or locked nucleic acid (LNA)-DNA inhibition targeting miR-302a-d-3p, and undertook relevant functional assays. RESULTS MiR-302/367 cluster microRNAs made the largest contribution to AAGUGC seed abundance in malignant GCT cells, regardless of subtype (seminoma/YST/EC). Following the unsuccessful use of CRISPR-Cas9, gapmer, and PNA systems, LNA-DNA-based targeting resulted in growth inhibition in seminoma and YST cells. This was associated with the de-repression of multiple mRNAs targeted by AAGUGC seed-containing microRNAs, with pathway analysis confirming predominant disruption of Rho-GTPase signalling, vesicle organisation/transport, and cell cycle regulation, findings corroborated in clinical samples. Further LNA-DNA inhibitor studies confirmed direct cell cycle effects, with an increase of cells in G0/G1-phase and a decrease in S-phase. CONCLUSION Targeting of specific miR-371~373 and miR-302/367 microRNAs in malignant GCTs demonstrated their functional significance, with growth inhibition mediated through cell cycle disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Bailey
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Marta Ferraresso
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | | | - Dawn Ward
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Stephen Smith
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | - James C Nicholson
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Harpreet Saini
- EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Anton J Enright
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Cinzia G Scarpini
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Nicholas Coleman
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK.
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Matthew J Murray
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK.
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
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Hurst J, Attrodt G, Bartz-Schmidt KU, Mau-Holzmann UA, Spitzer MS, Schnichels S. A Case Study from the Past: "The RGC-5 vs. the 661W Cell Line: Similarities, Differences and Contradictions-Are They Really the Same?". Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13801. [PMID: 37762103 PMCID: PMC10531351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the pursuit of identifying the underlying pathways of ocular diseases, the use of cell lines such as (retinal ganglion cell-5) RGC-5 and 661W became a valuable tool, including pathologies like retinal degeneration and glaucoma. In 2001, the establishment of the RGC-5 cell line marked a significant breakthrough in glaucoma research. Over time, however, concerns arose about the true nature of RGC-5 cells, with conflicting findings in the literature regarding their identity as retinal ganglion cells or photoreceptor-like cells. This study aimed to address the controversy surrounding the RGC-5 cell line's origin and properties by comparing it with the 661W cell line, a known cone photoreceptor model. Both cell lines were differentiated according to two prior published redifferentiation protocols under the same conditions using 500 nM of trichostatin A (TSA) and investigated for their morphological and neuronal marker properties. The results demonstrated that both cell lines are murine, and they exhibited distinct morphological and neuronal marker properties. Notably, the RGC-5 cells showed higher expression of the neuronal marker β-III tubulin and increased Thy-1-mRNA compared with the 661W cells, providing evidence of their different properties. The findings emphasize the importance of verifying the authenticity of cell lines used in ocular research and highlight the risks of contamination and altered cell properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Hurst
- Center for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 7, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany (K.-U.B.-S.); (S.S.)
| | - Gesine Attrodt
- Center for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 7, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany (K.-U.B.-S.); (S.S.)
| | - Karl-Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt
- Center for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 7, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany (K.-U.B.-S.); (S.S.)
| | - Ulrike Angelika Mau-Holzmann
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Center for Rare Diseases, University of Tuebingen, Calwerstrasse 7, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Stephan Spitzer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Sven Schnichels
- Center for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 7, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany (K.-U.B.-S.); (S.S.)
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7
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Choi HR, Kim K. Mouse Models to Examine Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Pathogenesis: Recent Updates. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11138. [PMID: 37446316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the overall prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), the most common endocrine malignancy, is favorable, a subset of patients exhibits aggressive features. Therefore, preclinical models that can be utilized to investigate DTC pathogenesis and novel treatments are necessary. Various mouse models have been developed based on advances in thyroid cancer genetics. This review focuses on recent progress in mouse models that have been developed to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of DTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ryeon Choi
- Department of Surgery, Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul 01830, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangsoon Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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Wiggins L, Lord A, Murphy KL, Lacy SE, O'Toole PJ, Brackenbury WJ, Wilson J. The CellPhe toolkit for cell phenotyping using time-lapse imaging and pattern recognition. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1854. [PMID: 37012230 PMCID: PMC10070448 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37447-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
With phenotypic heterogeneity in whole cell populations widely recognised, the demand for quantitative and temporal analysis approaches to characterise single cell morphology and dynamics has increased. We present CellPhe, a pattern recognition toolkit for the unbiased characterisation of cellular phenotypes within time-lapse videos. CellPhe imports tracking information from multiple segmentation and tracking algorithms to provide automated cell phenotyping from different imaging modalities, including fluorescence. To maximise data quality for downstream analysis, our toolkit includes automated recognition and removal of erroneous cell boundaries induced by inaccurate tracking and segmentation. We provide an extensive list of features extracted from individual cell time series, with custom feature selection to identify variables that provide greatest discrimination for the analysis in question. Using ensemble classification for accurate prediction of cellular phenotype and clustering algorithms for the characterisation of heterogeneous subsets, we validate and prove adaptability using different cell types and experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Wiggins
- York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, UK
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Alice Lord
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Killian L Murphy
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, University of York, York, UK
| | - Stuart E Lacy
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, University of York, York, UK
| | - Peter J O'Toole
- York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, UK
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - William J Brackenbury
- York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, UK
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Julie Wilson
- Department of Mathematics, University of York, York, UK.
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James AD, Unthank KP, Jones I, Sajjaboontawee N, Sizer RE, Chawla S, Evans GJO, Brackenbury WJ. Sodium regulates PLC and IP 3 R-mediated calcium signaling in invasive breast cancer cells. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15663. [PMID: 37017052 PMCID: PMC10074044 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ signaling and Na+ homeostasis are inextricably linked via ion channels and co-transporters, with alterations in the concentration of one ion having profound effects on the other. Evidence indicates that intracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+ ]i ) is elevated in breast tumors, and that aberrant Ca2+ signaling regulates numerous key cancer hallmark processes. The present study therefore aimed to determine the effects of Na+ depletion on intracellular Ca2+ handling in metastatic breast cancer cell lines. The relationship between Na+ and Ca2+ was probed using fura-2 and SBFI fluorescence imaging and replacement of extracellular Na+ with equimolar N-methyl-D-glucamine (0Na+ /NMDG) or choline chloride (0Na+ /ChoCl). In triple-negative MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells and Her2+ SKBR3 cells, but not ER+ MCF-7 cells, 0Na+ /NMDG and 0Na+ /ChoCl resulted in a slow, sustained depletion in [Na+ ]i that was accompanied by a rapid and sustained increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]i ). Application of La3+ in nominal Ca2+ -free conditions had no effect on this response, ruling out reverse-mode NCX activity and Ca2+ entry channels. Moreover, the Na+ -linked [Ca2+ ]i increase was independent of membrane potential hyperpolarization (NS-1619), but was inhibited by pharmacological blockade of IP3 receptors (2-APB), phospholipase C (PLC, U73122) or following depletion of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores (cyclopiazonic acid). Thus, Na+ is linked to PLC/IP3 -mediated activation of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release in metastatic breast cancer cells and this may have an important role in breast tumors where [Na+ ]i is perturbed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D. James
- Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
- York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | | | | | - Nattanan Sajjaboontawee
- Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
- York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | | | - Sangeeta Chawla
- Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
- York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Gareth J. O. Evans
- Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
- York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - William J. Brackenbury
- Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
- York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
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10
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Leitner N, Ertl R, Gabner S, Fuchs-Baumgartinger A, Walter I, Hlavaty J. Isolation and Characterization of Novel Canine Osteosarcoma Cell Lines from Chemotherapy-Naïve Patients. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071026. [PMID: 37048099 PMCID: PMC10093184 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to establish novel canine osteosarcoma cell lines (COS3600, COS3600B, COS4074) and characterize the recently described COS4288 cells. The established D-17 cell line served as a reference. Analyzed cell lines differed notably in their biological characteristics. Calculated doubling times were between 22 h for COS3600B and 426 h for COS4074 cells. COS3600B and COS4288 cells produced visible colonies after anchorage-independent growth in soft agar. COS4288 cells were identified as cells with the highest migratory capacity. All cells displayed the ability to invade through an artificial basement membrane matrix. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed the mesenchymal origin of all COS cell lines as well as positive staining for the osteosarcoma-relevant proteins alkaline phosphatase and karyopherin α2. Expression of p53 was confirmed in all tested cell lines. Gene expression analyses of selected genes linked to cellular immune checkpoints (CD270, CD274, CD276), kinase activity (MET, ERBB2), and metastatic potential (MMP-2, MMP-9) as well as selected long non-coding RNA (MALAT1) and microRNAs (miR-9, miR-34a, miR-93) are provided. All tested cell lines were able to grow as multicellular spheroids. In all spheroids except COS4288, calcium deposition was detected by von Kossa staining. We believe that these new cell lines serve as useful biological models for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Leitner
- Institute of Morphology, Working Group Histology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Ertl
- VetCore Facility for Research, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone Gabner
- Institute of Morphology, Working Group Histology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Ingrid Walter
- Institute of Morphology, Working Group Histology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
- VetCore Facility for Research, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Juraj Hlavaty
- Institute of Morphology, Working Group Histology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +431-250-77-3402; Fax: +431-250-77-3490
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11
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Akiyama T, Yoshimatsu Y, Noguchi R, Sin Y, Osaki J, Ono T, Adachi Y, Tsuchiya R, Toda Y, Kobayashi E, Kojima N, Yoshida A, Ohtori S, Kawai A, Kondo T. Establishment and characterization of NCC-DSM1-C1: a novel cell line derived from a patient with desmoid fibromatosis. Hum Cell 2023; 36:847-853. [PMID: 36629983 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00850-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Desmoid fibromatosis (DSM) is a rare, locally aggressive mesenchymal tumor genetically characterized by mutations in the CTNNB1 gene. A local control rate of up to 65‒80% for DSM is achieved with multiple modality treatments, including watchful monitoring, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery. However, several variables, such as age < 30 years, extremity tumor location, and tumor size of > 10 cm in diameter, are associated with poor local control rates in patients with DSM. The definitive treatments for DSM have not been established. Therefore, it is necessary to develop novel treatments for DSM. Moreover, although patient-derived tumor cell lines are potent tools for preclinical research, no DSM cell lines have been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to establish and characterize a novel DSM cell line for preclinical studies on DSM. Herein, we established the first cell line derived from a patient with DSM exhibiting poor prognostic factors (27-year-old male patient with a DSM tumor of > 10 cm in diameter located at the lower extremity) and named it NCC-DSM1-C1. NCC-DSM1-C1 cells had a T41A mutation in CTNNB1 and exhibited constant proliferation, spheroid formation, and invasion capability in vitro. Screening of antitumor agents in NCC-DSM1-C1 cells showed that bortezomib and romidepsin are effective against DSM. In conclusion, we report the first officially characterized DSM cell line derived from a patient with DSM exhibiting factors associated with poor prognosis. We believe that NCC-DSM1-C1 cell line is a useful tool for developing novel treatments for DSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Akiyama
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba-Shi, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshimatsu
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.,Division of Patient-Derived Cancer Model, Tochigi Cancer Center, 4-9-13 Yohnan, Utsunomiya , Tochigi, 320-0834, Japan
| | - Rei Noguchi
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yooksil Sin
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Julia Osaki
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Takuya Ono
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yuki Adachi
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Ryuto Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba-Shi, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yu Toda
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Eisuke Kobayashi
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Naoki Kojima
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshida
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Seiji Ohtori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba-Shi, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Akira Kawai
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kondo
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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12
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Establishment and characterization of NCC-PLPS2-C1: a novel cell line of pleomorphic liposarcoma. Hum Cell 2023; 36:468-475. [PMID: 36436139 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00828-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLPS) is a highly malignant subtype of liposarcoma. It is histologically characterized by the presence of pleomorphic lipoblasts and can be accompanied by morphological foci that demonstrate differentiation to other histological lineages. PLPS is rare and accounts for only 5% of all liposarcomas. PLPS exhibits poor prognosis; distant metastases develop in 30-50% of patients after curative surgical resection, tumor-associated mortality occurs in up to 50% of patients, and effective chemotherapies for PLPS have not been established. The histological accompaniment of other morphological foci is an important prognostic factor for PLPS, and the development of chemotherapies for PLPS considering the histological morphology is necessary. Patient-derived cancer cell lines are critical tools for basic and pre-clinical research to understand diseases and develop chemotherapies. However, only two PLPS-derived cell lines have been reported, and their donor tumor specimens did not histologically accompany morphological foci other than lipoblasts. Thus, there is a need to establish patient-derived PLPS cell lines from various histological morphologies. Here, we report a novel PLPS cell line from a tumor specimen that histologically accompanied pleomorphic and bone-forming foci, and named it NCC-PLPS2-C1. NCC-PLPS2-C1 cells demonstrated constant proliferation, spheroid formation, and invasion capability in vitro. Screening of antitumor agents in NCC-PLPS2-C1 cells showed that bortezomib, romidepsin, and trabectedin were effective against NCC-PLPS2-C1. In conclusion, we report the first PLPS cell line from a tumor specimen that was morphologically accompanied by pleomorphic and born-forming foci. We believe that NCC-PLPS2-C1 will be useful for the development of novel chemotherapies for PLPS.
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13
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Wang Z, Chen J, Sun F, Zhao X, Dong Y, Yu S, Li J, Liang H. LncRNA CRLM1 inhibits apoptosis and promotes metastasis through transcriptional regulation cooperated with hnRNPK in colorectal cancer. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:120. [PMID: 35907898 PMCID: PMC9338583 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00849-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) continue to have a low survival rate. The number of CRLM regulators and clinical indicators remains limited. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new master regulator of cell invasion and metastasis. However, the function and regulation mechanism of lncRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis are yet unknown. Methods To screen and identify CRLM-related lncRNAs, public transcriptome data were used. Gain and loss of function experiments were carried out to investigate the biological activities of lncRNA CRLM1 in vitro and in vivo. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), chromatin isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP), immunofluorescence (IF), quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blotting, and rescue experiments were performed to explore the molecular mechanism of CRLM1. Moreover, identified the proteins, DNAs, and RNAs that interact with CRLM1. Results The investigation of lncRNA expression dynamics in CRLM, primary CRC, and normal tissues in this work resulted in identifying a series of lncRNAs associated with metastasis, including CRLM1. CRLM1 inhibited apoptosis of CRC cells and promoted liver metastasis in Balb/C nude mice. CRLM1 was weakly associated with the chromatin regions of genes involved in cell adhesion and DNA damage, and this association was bidirectionally correlated with CRLM1-regulated pro-metastatic gene expression. CRLM1 physically interacts with the hnRNPK protein and promotes its nuclear localization. CRLM1 effectively enhances hnRNPK promoter occupancy and co-regulates the expression of a panel of metastatic genes. Conclusions The finding of the clinically significant lncRNA CRLM1 in promoting metastasis and regulating gene expression suggests a potential biomarker and target for CRLM therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00849-9.
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14
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Ding X, Zakharia K, Moser CD, Campbell NA, Hu C, Razumilava N, Chaiteerakij R, Shaleh HM, Greipp PT, Graham RP, Zou X, Chandan VS, Roberts LR. Establishment and Characterization of a New Human Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Line LIV27. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5080. [PMID: 36291862 PMCID: PMC9600735 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly lethal cancer arising from the biliary tract epithelium. The cancer biology of this neoplasm is not well understood. To date, only a few CCA cell lines have been reported, which were mostly developed from Asian patients. In this study, we report and characterize a new intrahepatic CCA cell line, LIV27, derived from a surgically resected tumor in a 67-year-old Caucasian woman with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). LIV27 cells grow well in collagen-coated flasks or plates with a doubling time of 57.8 h at passage 14. LIV27 cells have high tumorigenicity in nude mice and stain positive for CK7 and CK19, markers that differentiate CCA from hepatocellular carcinoma. Karyotype analysis showed that LIV27 is aneuploid. We established a single-locus short tandem repeat profile for the LIV27 cell line. This newly established cell line will be a useful model for studying the molecular pathogenesis of, and developing novel therapies for, cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Kais Zakharia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Aurora St. Luke’s Medical Center, GI Associates, Milwaukee, WI 53215, USA
- Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Catherine D. Moser
- Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Nellie A. Campbell
- Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Chunling Hu
- Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Nataliya Razumilava
- Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Roongruedee Chaiteerakij
- Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Hassan M. Shaleh
- Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Patricia T. Greipp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Rondell P. Graham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Vishal S. Chandan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Lewis R. Roberts
- Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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15
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Establishment and characterization of chemotherapy-enriched sphere-forming cells with stemness phenotypes as a new cell line (BAG 50) of gastric carcinoma. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:201. [PMID: 36175578 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01742-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a malignancy with a high mortality rate worldwide. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of tumor cells that possess the tumor-initiating ability, self-renewal capacity, and high resistance to conventional therapies. Due to the diversity and complexity of human tumors, new cell lines are urgently needed to supply clinically and physiologically relevant cancer models. Here, we report establishing a novel cell line (BAG50) with stemness properties. Chemotherapy-enriched sphere-forming cells with CSC properties isolated from a patient with GC were cultured in a serum-containing medium and passaged for up to 51 passages. The colony-forming ability and tumor-forming capacity of BAG50 cells were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. mRNA upregulation of stemness-related transcriptional factors using real-time PCR as well as expression of CSC markers using flow cytometry was investigated. Finally, STR profiling and chromosome studies were performed. BAG50 cells formed floating spheroid colonies in a serum-free medium. Subcutaneous injection of these cells generated xenograft tumors in nude mice. Pluripotency markers (SOX-2, OCT4, and Cripto-1) in them were upregulated compared with normal gastric cells. The majority of them expressed CSC markers of CD44, CD54, and EpCAM, and stemness marker of oct-4. STR profiling showed a unique DNA fingerprint. Karyotype also demonstrated multiple aneuploidies and chromosomal translocations. We suggested that the highly tumorigenic BAG50 cell line with stem cell-like phenotypes may provide a valuable in vitro tool to support new diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers as well as the development of more effective treatment strategies.
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16
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Akiyama T, Yoshimatsu Y, Noguchi R, Sin Y, Tsuchiya R, Ono T, Sugaya J, Kobayashi E, Yoshida A, Ohtori S, Kawai A, Kondo T. Establishment and characterization of NCC-PS1-C1: a novel cell line of pleomorphic sarcoma from a patient after neoadjuvant radiotherapy. Hum Cell 2022; 35:2011-2019. [PMID: 36103079 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00787-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pleomorphic sarcoma (PS) is a heterogeneous group of malignant mesenchymal tumors without a specific histological lineage of differentiation. PS is genetically characterized by genetic instability and diversity and histologically characterized by morphological pleomorphism. PS is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas. The only curative treatment for PS is complete surgical resection, in which neoadjuvant radiotherapy is frequently combined. PS demonstrates both local recurrence and metastasis after surgical treatment, and effective systemic chemotherapy has not yet been established. Patient-derived cancer cell lines are critical tools for basic and preclinical studies in the development of chemotherapy. However, only six PS cell lines are available from the public cell bank, and none of them are derived from PS after neoadjuvant radiotherapy, despite the fact that radiotherapy causes changes in the posttreatment cancer genome. Here, we reported a novel cell line of PS from a primary tumor specimen resected after neoadjuvant radiotherapy and named it NCC-PS1-C1. NCC-PS1-C1 cells showed a variety of copy number alterations and pathological mutations in TP53. NCC-PS1-C1 cells demonstrated constant proliferation, spheroid formation, and invasion capability in vitro. The screening of antitumor agents in NCC-PS1-C1 cells showed that bortezomib and romidepsin were effective against PS. In conclusion, we report a novel PS cell line from a primary tumor resected after neoadjuvant radiotherapy. We believe that NCC-PS1-C1 will be a useful tool for the development of novel chemotherapies for PS, especially for recurrent cases after neoadjuvant radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Akiyama
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshimatsu
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Division of Patient-Derived Cancer Model, Tochigi Cancer Center, 4-9-13 Yonan, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0834, Japan
| | - Rei Noguchi
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yooksil Sin
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Ryuto Tsuchiya
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Takuya Ono
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Jun Sugaya
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Eisuke Kobayashi
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshida
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Seiji Ohtori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Akira Kawai
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kondo
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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Meurer SK, Brenner DA, Weiskirchen R. Multiplex short tandem repeat profiling of immortalized hepatic stellate cell line Col-GFP HSC. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274219. [PMID: 36067186 PMCID: PMC9447916 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Misidentification, cross-contamination and genetic drift of continuous animal cell lines are persistent problems in biomedical research, leading to erroneous results and inconsistent or invalidated studies. The establishment of immortalized hepatic stellate cell line Col-GFP HSC was reported in PLoS One in the year 2013. In the present study a multi loci short tandem repeat signature for this cell line was established that allows for unique cell line authentication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen K. Meurer
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - David A. Brenner
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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18
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Abstract
In liver research, immortalized cell lines have assumed an important role in studying general physiological and pathological processes. However, misidentification and cross-contamination of cell lines is a widespread problem in biomedical sciences resulting in irreproducible results and false conclusions. Although the huge impact of working with wrong cell lines on life science research and publication has been well recognized, there are only limited efforts and strategies to prevent cell misidentification. This commentary provides a catalogue of the most important cell lines used in hepatology research, examples of misidentified cell lines, and short guidelines to be considered when working with continuous lines.
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Kosobokova EN, Malchenkova AA, Kalinina NA, Kosorukov VS. Using short tandem repeat profiling to validate cell lines in biobanks. КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА 2022. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2022-3386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. To approve the COrDIS kit (Gordiz, Russia) for the authenticity of cell lines from the Bioresource Collection of the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology by the short tandem repeat (STR) profiling.Material and methods. The chosen method proved to be a reliable and reproducible option. With this approach, a number of polymorphic STR loci are amplified using commercially available primer sets. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products are analyzed simultaneously with size standards using automated fluorescent detection methods. The results are presented as a simple number code corresponding to the lengths of the PCR products amplified at each locus. By applying this method to cell lines, the laboratory can both authenticate commercial cell lines and build a database of their lines. In the work, we used the COrDIS EXPERT 26 kit (Gordiz, Russia), validated for molecular genetic identification of personality based on multiplex PCR analysis of 26 highly polymorphic loci of human genomic deoxyribonucleic acid. PCR results were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis using an automatic genetic analyzer with laser-induced fluorescence detection (Applied Biosystems 3500xL).Results. When testing the method, profiling of 37 cell lines was carried out, of which 18 were announced in international databases and 19 were unique, obtained at the N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, as well as a cell line mixture in order to determine the limits of contamination detection. The obtained results showed the correspondence of commercial cell lines with the data in international databases. Within the framework of this work, profiles of unique lines were obtained and the foundation of own genetic database was laid. Studies to identify the limit of contamination detection by another line have shown that even 4% of the contaminant culture in the total pool can be used to identify its individual alleles.Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the possibility of using the method to identify samples of the collection and detect intraspecific contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - N. A. Kalinina
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology
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20
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Akiyama T, Yoshimatsu Y, Noguchi R, Sin Y, Tsuchiya R, Ono T, Sato C, Kojima N, Yoshida A, Kawai A, Ohtori S, Kondo T. Establishment and characterization of NCC-MRT1-C1: a novel cell line of malignant rhabdoid tumor. Hum Cell 2022; 35:2002-2010. [PMID: 35927606 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00751-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is a sarcoma histologically characterized by rhabdoid cells and genetically characterized by loss of function of the chromatin remodeling complex SWI/SNF induced by SMARCB1 gene deficiency. MRT mainly occurs in children, may arise in various locations, but is predominantly in the central nervous system (CNS) and kidney. Although MRT exhibits poor prognosis, standard treatment has not yet been established due to its extreme rarity. Patient-derived cancer cell lines are critical tools for basic and pre-clinical research in the development of chemotherapy. However, none of the MRT cell lines was derived from adult patients, and only one cell line was derived from the MRT of a soft tissue, despite the clinical behavior of MRT varying according to patient age and anatomic site. Herein, we reported the first cell line of MRT isolated from the soft tissue of an adult patient and named it NCC-MRT1-C1. NCC-MRT1-C1 cells showed a biallelic loss of the SMARCB1 gene. NCC-MRT1-C1 cells demonstrated rapid proliferation, spheroid formation, invasion capability in vitro, and tumorigenesis in nude mice. Screening of antitumor agents in NCC-MRT1-C1 cells resulted in the identification of six effective drugs. In conclusion, we report the first MRT cell line from the soft tissue of an adult patient. We believe that NCC-MRT1-C1 is a useful tool for developing novel chemotherapies for MRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Akiyama
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshimatsu
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Rei Noguchi
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yooksil Sin
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Ryuto Tsuchiya
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Takuya Ono
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Chiaki Sato
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Naoki Kojima
- Department of Diagnosis Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshida
- Department of Diagnosis Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Akira Kawai
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Seji Ohtori
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kondo
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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Guo F, Lang Y, Long G, Liu Z, Jing G, Zhou Y, Zhang B, Yu S. Ion Torrent TM Genexus TM Integrated Sequencer and ForeNGS Analysis Software—an automatic NGS-STR workflow from DNA to profile for forensic science. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2022; 61:102753. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2022.102753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Menke J, Eckmann P, Ozyurt IB, Roelandse M, Anderson N, Grethe J, Gamst A, Bandrowski A. Establishing Institutional Scores With the Rigor and Transparency Index: Large-scale Analysis of Scientific Reporting Quality. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e37324. [PMID: 35759334 PMCID: PMC9274430 DOI: 10.2196/37324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving rigor and transparency measures should lead to improvements in reproducibility across the scientific literature; however, the assessment of measures of transparency tends to be very difficult if performed manually. OBJECTIVE This study addresses the enhancement of the Rigor and Transparency Index (RTI, version 2.0), which attempts to automatically assess the rigor and transparency of journals, institutions, and countries using manuscripts scored on criteria found in reproducibility guidelines (eg, Materials Design, Analysis, and Reporting checklist criteria). METHODS The RTI tracks 27 entity types using natural language processing techniques such as Bidirectional Long Short-term Memory Conditional Random Field-based models and regular expressions; this allowed us to assess over 2 million papers accessed through PubMed Central. RESULTS Between 1997 and 2020 (where data were readily available in our data set), rigor and transparency measures showed general improvement (RTI 2.29 to 4.13), suggesting that authors are taking the need for improved reporting seriously. The top-scoring journals in 2020 were the Journal of Neurochemistry (6.23), British Journal of Pharmacology (6.07), and Nature Neuroscience (5.93). We extracted the institution and country of origin from the author affiliations to expand our analysis beyond journals. Among institutions publishing >1000 papers in 2020 (in the PubMed Central open access set), Capital Medical University (4.75), Yonsei University (4.58), and University of Copenhagen (4.53) were the top performers in terms of RTI. In country-level performance, we found that Ethiopia and Norway consistently topped the RTI charts of countries with 100 or more papers per year. In addition, we tested our assumption that the RTI may serve as a reliable proxy for scientific replicability (ie, a high RTI represents papers containing sufficient information for replication efforts). Using work by the Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology, we determined that replication papers (RTI 7.61, SD 0.78) scored significantly higher (P<.001) than the original papers (RTI 3.39, SD 1.12), which according to the project required additional information from authors to begin replication efforts. CONCLUSIONS These results align with our view that RTI may serve as a reliable proxy for scientific replicability. Unfortunately, RTI measures for journals, institutions, and countries fall short of the replicated paper average. If we consider the RTI of these replication studies as a target for future manuscripts, more work will be needed to ensure that the average manuscript contains sufficient information for replication attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Menke
- Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- SciCrunch Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Peter Eckmann
- SciCrunch Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Ibrahim Burak Ozyurt
- SciCrunch Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Jeffrey Grethe
- SciCrunch Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Anthony Gamst
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Anita Bandrowski
- SciCrunch Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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23
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Souren NY, Fusenig NE, Heck S, Dirks WG, Capes-Davis A, Bianchini F, Plass C. Cell line authentication: a necessity for reproducible biomedical research. EMBO J 2022; 41:e111307. [PMID: 35758134 PMCID: PMC9289526 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Immortalized or continuous cell lines are invaluable tools in basic and preclinical research. However, the widespread use of misidentified cell lines is a serious threat to scientific reproducibility. Based on the experiences of mandatory cell line authentication at the International Journal of Cancer (IJC), we provide an overview of the issues pertinent to misidentified cell lines and discuss available solutions. We also summarize the lessons learned, revealing that at least 5% of the human cell lines used in manuscripts considered for peer review are misidentified. About 4% of the considered manuscripts are rejected for severe cell line problems, and most are subsequently published in other journals. In order to diminish such malpractice and its consequences for the scientific record, we postulate that strict multi-layered quality control is essential. Besides journals and publishers, we encourage scientists, research institutions, and funders to take action on the matter and revise their respective policies. Hence, we provide concrete recommendations on introducing regular authentication schemes and staff training, and discuss future steps for enhancing good cell culture practices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefanie Heck
- International Journal of Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wilhelm G Dirks
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Amanda Capes-Davis
- CellBank Australia, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Christoph Plass
- International Journal of Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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24
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Doherty LM, Mills CE, Boswell SA, Liu X, Hoyt CT, Gyori B, Buhrlage SJ, Sorger PK. Integrating multi-omics data reveals function and therapeutic potential of deubiquitinating enzymes. eLife 2022; 11:72879. [PMID: 35737447 PMCID: PMC9225015 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), ~100 of which are found in human cells, are proteases that remove ubiquitin conjugates from proteins, thereby regulating protein turnover. They are involved in a wide range of cellular activities and are emerging therapeutic targets for cancer and other diseases. Drugs targeting USP1 and USP30 are in clinical development for cancer and kidney disease respectively. However, the majority of substrates and pathways regulated by DUBs remain unknown, impeding efforts to prioritize specific enzymes for research and drug development. To assemble a knowledgebase of DUB activities, co-dependent genes, and substrates, we combined targeted experiments using CRISPR libraries and inhibitors with systematic mining of functional genomic databases. Analysis of the Dependency Map, Connectivity Map, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, and multiple protein-protein interaction databases yielded specific hypotheses about DUB function, a subset of which were confirmed in follow-on experiments. The data in this paper are browsable online in a newly developed DUB Portal and promise to improve understanding of DUBs as a family as well as the activities of incompletely characterized DUBs (e.g. USPL1 and USP32) and those already targeted with investigational cancer therapeutics (e.g. USP14, UCHL5, and USP7).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Doherty
- Harvard Medical School (HMS) Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures (LINCS) Center, Cambridge, United States.,Department of Cancer Biology and the Linde Program in Cancer Chemical Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, United States.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Caitlin E Mills
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Sarah A Boswell
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Xiaoxi Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology and the Linde Program in Cancer Chemical Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, United States.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Charles Tapley Hoyt
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Benjamin Gyori
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Sara J Buhrlage
- Department of Cancer Biology and the Linde Program in Cancer Chemical Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, United States.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
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25
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Mai CW, Chin KY, Foong LC, Pang KL, Yu B, Shu Y, Chen S, Cheong SK, Chua CW. Modeling prostate cancer: What does it take to build an ideal tumor model? Cancer Lett 2022; 543:215794. [PMID: 35718268 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is frequently characterized as a multifocal disease with great intratumoral heterogeneity as well as a high propensity to metastasize to bone. Consequently, modeling prostate tumor has remained a challenging task for researchers in this field. In the past decades, genomic advances have led to the identification of key molecular alterations in prostate cancer. Moreover, resistance towards second-generation androgen-deprivation therapy, namely abiraterone and enzalutamide has unveiled androgen receptor-independent diseases with distinctive histopathological and clinical features. In this review, we have critically evaluated the commonly used preclinical models of prostate cancer with respect to their capability of recapitulating the key genomic alterations, histopathological features and bone metastatic potential of human prostate tumors. In addition, we have also discussed the potential use of the emerging organoid models in prostate cancer research, which possess clear advantages over the commonly used preclinical tumor models. We anticipate that no single model can faithfully recapitulate the complexity of prostate cancer, and thus, propose the use of a cost- and time-efficient integrated tumor modeling approach for future prostate cancer investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wai Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; Centre for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Selangor, 43000, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Lian-Chee Foong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; Centre for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Selangor, 43000, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Lun Pang
- Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia, Iskandar Puteri, 79200, Malaysia
| | - Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yu Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Sisi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Soon-Keng Cheong
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Selangor, 43000, Malaysia
| | - Chee Wai Chua
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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26
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Akiyama T, Yoshimatsu Y, Noguchi R, Sin Y, Tsuchiya R, Ono T, Fukushima S, Toda Y, Kojima N, Yoshida A, Ohtori S, Kawai A, Kondo T. Establishment and characterization of NCC-GCTB5-C1: a novel cell line of giant cell tumor of bone. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1621-1629. [PMID: 35653034 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00724-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB), is a rare intermediate malignant bone tumor with high local infiltrative ability, and is genetically characterized by mutation in the H3-3A gene. Standard treatment is curative surgical tumor resection. GCTB demonstrates both local recurrence and pulmonary metastasis after surgical treatment, and effective systematic chemotherapy is yet to be established. Therefore, development of novel chemotherapies for GCTB is necessary. Although patient-derived tumor cell lines are potent tools for preclinical research, 15 GCTB cell lines have been reported to date, and only four are publicly available. Thus, this study aimed to establish and characterize a novel GCTB cell line for preclinical studies on GCTB. Herein, we described the establishment of a cell line, NCC-GCTB5-C1, from the primary tumor tissue of a patient with GCTB. NCC-GCTB5-C1 was shown to harbor a mutation in the H3-3A gene, which is typical of GCTB; thus, it has useful properties for in vitro studies. We conducted the largest integrated screening analysis of 214 antitumor agents using NCC-GCTB5-C1 along with four GCTB cell lines. Romidepsin (a histone deacetylase inhibitor), camptothecin, and actinomycin D (topoisomerase inhibitors) demonstrated remarkable antitumor effects, suggesting that these antitumor agents are potential therapeutic candidates for GCTB treatment. Therefore, the NCC-GCTB5-C1 cell line could potentially contribute to the elucidation of GCTB pathogenesis and the development of novel GCTB treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Akiyama
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.,The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshimatsu
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.,Division of Patient-Derived Cancer Model, Tochigi Cancer Center, 4-9-13 Yohnan, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0834, Japan
| | - Rei Noguchi
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yooksil Sin
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Ryuto Tsuchiya
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.,The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Takuya Ono
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Suguru Fukushima
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yu Toda
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Naoki Kojima
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshida
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Seji Ohtori
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Akira Kawai
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kondo
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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27
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Cellular Aquaculture: Prospects and Challenges. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13060828. [PMID: 35744442 PMCID: PMC9228929 DOI: 10.3390/mi13060828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture plays an important role as one of the fastest-growing food-producing sectors in global food and nutritional security. Demand for animal protein in the form of fish has been increasing tremendously. Aquaculture faces many challenges to produce quality fish for the burgeoning world population. Cellular aquaculture can provide an alternative, climate-resilient food production system to produce quality fish. Potential applications of fish muscle cell lines in cellular aquaculture have raised the importance of developing and characterizing these cell lines. In vitro models, such as the mouse C2C12 cell line, have been extremely useful for expanding knowledge about molecular mechanisms of muscle growth and differentiation in mammals. Such studies are in an infancy stage in teleost due to the unavailability of equivalent permanent muscle cell lines, except a few fish muscle cell lines that have not yet been used for cellular aquaculture. The Prospect of cell-based aquaculture relies on the development of appropriate muscle cells, optimization of cell conditions, and mass production of cells in bioreactors. Hence, it is required to develop and characterize fish muscle cell lines along with their cryopreservation in cell line repositories and production of ideal mass cells in suitably designed bioreactors to overcome current cellular aquaculture challenges.
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28
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An automated cell line authentication method for AstraZeneca global cell bank using deep neural networks on brightfield images. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7894. [PMID: 35550583 PMCID: PMC9098893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12099-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell line authentication is important in the biomedical field to ensure that researchers are not working with misidentified cells. Short tandem repeat is the gold standard method, but has its own limitations, including being expensive and time-consuming. Deep neural networks achieve great success in the analysis of cellular images in a cost-effective way. However, because of the lack of centralized available datasets, whether or not cell line authentication can be replaced or supported by cell image classification is still a question. Moreover, the relationship between the incubation times and cellular images has not been explored in previous studies. In this study, we automated the process of the cell line authentication by using deep learning analysis of brightfield cell line images. We proposed a novel multi-task framework to identify cell lines from cell images and predict the duration of how long cell lines have been incubated simultaneously. Using thirty cell lines' data from the AstraZeneca Cell Bank, we demonstrated that our proposed method can accurately identify cell lines from brightfield images with a 99.8% accuracy and predicts the incubation durations for cell images with the coefficient of determination score of 0.927. Considering that new cell lines are continually added to the AstraZeneca Cell Bank, we integrated the transfer learning technique with the proposed system to deal with data from new cell lines not included in the pre-trained model. Our method achieved excellent performance with a precision of 97.7% and recall of 95.8% in the detection of 14 new cell lines. These results demonstrated that our proposed framework can effectively identify cell lines using brightfield images.
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29
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Darwish NM, Elshaer MMA, Almutairi SM, Chen TW, Mohamed MO, Ghaly WBA, Rasheed RA. Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Provoke Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Knocking Down the STAT3 Activated Signaling Pathway: In Vivo and In Vitro Study. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27093032. [PMID: 35566382 PMCID: PMC9103886 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27093032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common type of liver cancer and is a leading cause of death worldwide. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is involved in HCC progression, migration, and suppression of apoptosis. This study investigates the apoptotic effect of the dietary antioxidant (n-3 PUFAs) on HepG2 cells and analyzes the underlying molecular mechanisms of this effect both in vivo and in vitro. In vivo study: Seventy-five adult male albino rats were divided into three groups (n = 25): Group I (control): 0.9% normal saline, intraperitoneal. Group II: N-Nitrosodiethylamine (200 mg/kg b.wt) intraperitoneal, followed by phenobarbital 0.05% in drinking water. Group III: as group II followed by n-3 PUFAs intubation (400 mg/kg/day). In vivo study: liver specimens for biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical examination. In vitro study: MTT assay, cell morphology, PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemical analysis. n-3 PUFAs significantly improved the histopathologic features of HCC and decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins. Further, HepG2 cells proliferation was suppressed through inhibition of the STAT3 signaling pathway, cyclin D1, and Bcl-2 activity. Here we report that n-3 PUFAs may be an ideal cancer chemo-preventive candidate by targeting STAT3 signaling, which is involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura M. Darwish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Ministry of Health Laboratories, Tanta 16335, Egypt
- Correspondence: (N.M.D.); (R.A.R.); Tel.: +20-1096264335 (N.M.D.); +20-1001022257 (R.A.R.)
| | - Mohamed M. A. Elshaer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Salman International University, South Sinai 46511, Egypt
| | - Saeedah Musaed Almutairi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Tse-Wei Chen
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Mohamed Othman Mohamed
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Salman International University, South Sinai 46511, Egypt;
| | - Wael B. A. Ghaly
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63511, Egypt;
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Salman International University, South Sinai 46511, Egypt
| | - Rabab Ahmed Rasheed
- Histology & Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Salman International University, South Sinai 46511, Egypt
- Correspondence: (N.M.D.); (R.A.R.); Tel.: +20-1096264335 (N.M.D.); +20-1001022257 (R.A.R.)
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30
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Automatic Cancer Cell Taxonomy Using an Ensemble of Deep Neural Networks. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092224. [PMID: 35565352 PMCID: PMC9100154 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microscopic image-based analysis has been intensively performed for pathological studies and diagnosis of diseases. However, mis-authentication of cell lines due to misjudgments by pathologists has been recognized as a serious problem. To address this problem, we propose a deep-learning-based approach for the automatic taxonomy of cancer cell types. A total of 889 bright-field microscopic images of four cancer cell lines were acquired using a benchtop microscope. Individual cells were further segmented and augmented to increase the image dataset. Afterward, deep transfer learning was adopted to accelerate the classification of cancer types. Experiments revealed that the deep-learning-based methods outperformed traditional machine-learning-based methods. Moreover, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed that deep ensemble approaches outperformed individual deep-learning-based models (p < 0.001) and were in effect to achieve the classification accuracy up to 97.735%. Additional investigation with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was conducted to consider various network design choices, such as the type of optimizer, type of learning rate scheduler, degree of fine-tuning, and use of data augmentation. Finally, it was found that the using data augmentation and updating all the weights of a network during fine-tuning improve the overall performance of individual convolutional neural network models.
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31
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Yoshimatsu Y, Noguchi R, Sin Y, Tsuchiya R, Ono T, Akiyama T, Nakagawa R, Kamio S, Hirabayashi K, Ozawa I, Kikuta K, Kondo T. Establishment and characterization of a novel patient-derived Ewing sarcoma cell line, NCC-ES2-C1. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1262-1269. [PMID: 35441357 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00701-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a small round cell sarcoma that is characterized by the unique gene translocation EWSR1-FLI1. It is the second most common primary bone and soft tissue malignancy in children and adolescents. It constitutes 10-15% of all bone sarcomas and is highly aggressive and rapidly recurring. Although intensive treatments have improved the clinical outcome of ES patients, 20-25% of them exhibit metastases during diagnosis. Thus, the prognoses of these patients remain poor. Cell lines are pivotal resources to investigate the molecular background of disease progression and to develop novel therapeutic modalities. In this study, we established and characterized a novel ES cell line, NCC-ES2-C1. The presence of the EWSR1-FLI1 fusion gene in these cells was confirmed in the NCC-ES2-C1 cells. Furthermore, these cells exhibited constant proliferation, and invasion, but did not form tumors in mice. We screened the anti-tumor effects of 214 anti-cancer drugs in NCC-ES2-C1 cells and found that the drugs which effectively reduced the proliferation of NCC-ES2-C1 cells. We concluded that NCC-ES2-C1 cells are a useful resource to study functions of the EWSR1-FLI1 fusion gene, investigate phenotypic changes caused by genes and proteins, and evaluate the anti-tumor effects of novel drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yoshimatsu
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Rei Noguchi
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yooksil Sin
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Ryuto Tsuchiya
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Takuya Ono
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Taro Akiyama
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Rumi Nakagawa
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology and Orthopaedics Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center, 4-9-13 Yohnan, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0834, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kamio
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology and Orthopaedics Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center, 4-9-13 Yohnan, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0834, Japan
| | - Kaoru Hirabayashi
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Tochigi Cancer Center, 4-9-13 Yohnan, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0834, Japan
| | - Iwao Ozawa
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center, 4-9-13 Yohnan, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0834, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Kikuta
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology and Orthopaedics Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center, 4-9-13 Yohnan, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0834, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kondo
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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Cilibrasi V, Spanò V, Bortolozzi R, Barreca M, Raimondi MV, Rocca R, Maruca A, Montalbano A, Alcaro S, Ronca R, Viola G, Barraja P. Synthesis of 2H-Imidazo[2',1':2,3] [1,3]thiazolo[4,5-e]isoindol-8-yl-phenylureas with promising therapeutic features for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with FLT3/ITD mutations. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 235:114292. [PMID: 35339838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite progressive advances in understanding the molecular biology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the conventional therapeutic approach has not changed substantially, and the outcome for most patients is poor. Thus, continuous efforts on the discovery of new compounds with improved features are required. Following a multistep sequence, we have identified a new tetracyclic ring system with strong antiproliferative activity towards several haematological cell lines. The new compounds possess structural properties typical of inactive-state-binding kinase inhibitors and are structurally related to quizartinib which is known as type-II tyrosine kinase inhibitor. In particular, the high activity found in two cell lines MOLM-13 and MV4-11, expressing the constitutively activated mutant FLT3/ITD, indicates inhibition of FLT3 kinase and on the basis of structure-activity relationship (SAR) the presence of an ureido moiety demonstrates to play a key role in driving the antiproliferative activity towards these cell lines. Molecular modelling studies supported the mechanism of recognition of the most active compounds within the FLT3 pocket where quizartinib binds. Moreover, Molecular Dynamics simulation (MDs) revealed the formation of a recurrent H-bond with Asp829, which more stabilizes the complex of 9c and the FLT3 inactive state. In MV4-11 cell line compound 9c reduces the phosphorylation of FLT3 (Y591) and some of its downstream targets leading to cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and induction of apoptosis. In an MV4-11 xenograft mouse model, 9c significantly reduces the tumor growth at the dose of 1-3 mg/kg without apparent toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Cilibrasi
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Virginia Spanò
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberta Bortolozzi
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica IRP, Fondazione Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Marilia Barreca
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Valeria Raimondi
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberta Rocca
- Net4Science srl, Academic Spinoff, Università Magna Græcia di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Magna Græcia di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Annalisa Maruca
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Græcia di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Academic Spinoff, Università Magna Græcia di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandra Montalbano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Net4Science srl, Academic Spinoff, Università Magna Græcia di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Græcia di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Roberto Ronca
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale Unità di Oncologia Sperimentale ed Immunologia, Università di Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giampietro Viola
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica IRP, Fondazione Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy; Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Laboratorio di Oncoematologia Università di Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Paola Barraja
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
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Targeting STAT3 Signaling Facilitates Responsiveness of Pancreatic Cancer Cells to Chemoradiotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051301. [PMID: 35267609 PMCID: PMC8908974 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The debate is ongoing regarding the potential role of preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and whether it should be reserved for borderline resectable or unresectable tumors. However, treatment response is heterogeneous, implicating the need to unveil and overcome the underlying mechanisms of resistance. Activation of the transcription factor STAT3 was recently linked to CRT resistance in other gastrointestinal cancers such as rectal and esophageal cancers, but its role in PDAC needs to be clarified. Protein expression and phosphorylation of STAT3 was determined in PDAC cell lines and connected to transcriptional activity measured by dual-luciferase reporter gene assays. Inhibition of STAT3 signaling was achieved by RNAi or the small-molecule inhibitor napabucasin. We observed a positive correlation between STAT3 signaling activity and CRT resistance. Importantly, genetical and pharmacological perturbation of the IL-6/STAT3 pathway resulted in CRT sensitization specifically in those cell lines, in which STAT3 activity was augmented by IL-6. In conclusion, our data underscore the general importance of IL-6/STAT3 signaling for CRT resistance and suggest that pathway inhibition may represents a putative treatment strategy in order to increase the fraction of patients with PDAC who are candidates for surgical approaches.
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Kunihiro AG, Brickey JA, Frye JB, Cheng JN, Luis PB, Schneider C, Funk JL. Curcumin Inhibition of TGFβ signaling in bone metastatic breast cancer cells and the possible role of oxidative metabolites. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 99:108842. [PMID: 34407450 PMCID: PMC8628222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
TGFβ signaling promotes progression of bone-metastatic (BMET) breast cancer (BCa) cells by driving tumor-associated osteolysis, a hallmark of BCa BMETs, thus allowing for tumor expansion within bone. Turmeric-derived bioactive curcumin, enriched in bone via local enzymatic deconjugation of inactive circulating curcumin-glucuronides, inhibits osteolysis and BMET progression in human xenograft BCa BMET models by blocking tumoral TGFβ signaling pathways mediating osteolysis. This is a unique antiosteolytic mechanism in contrast to current osteoclast-targeting therapeutics. Therefore, experiments were undertaken to elucidate the mechanism for curcumin inhibition of BCa TGFβ signaling and the application of this finding across multiple BCa cell lines forming TGFβ-dependent BMETs, including a possible role for bioactive curcumin metabolites in mediating these effects. Immunoblot analysis of TGFβ signaling proteins in bone tropic human (MDA-SA, MDA-1833, MDA-2287) and murine (4T1) BCa cells revealed uniform curcumin blockade of TGFβ-induced Smad activation due to down-regulation of plasma membrane associated TGFβR2 and cellular receptor Smad proteins that propagate Smad-mediated gene expression, resulting in downregulation of PTHrP expression, the osteolytic factor driving in vivo BMET progression. With the exception of early decreases in TGFβR2, inhibitory effects appeared to be mediated by oxidative metabolites of curcumin and involved inhibition of gene expression. Interestingly, while not contributing to changes in Smad-mediated TGFβ signaling, curcumin caused early activation of MAPK signaling in all cell lines, including JNK, an effect possibly involving interactions with TGFβR2 within lipid rafts. Treatment with curcumin or oxidizable analogs of curcumin may have clinical relevancy in the management of TGFβ-dependent BCa BMETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Kunihiro
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Julia A Brickey
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Jennifer B Frye
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Julia N Cheng
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Paula B Luis
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Claus Schneider
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Janet L Funk
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA; Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
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Skok K, Gradišnik L, Čelešnik H, Milojević M, Potočnik U, Jezernik G, Gorenjak M, Sobočan M, Takač I, Kavalar R, Maver U. MFUM-BrTNBC-1, a Newly Established Patient-Derived Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Line: Molecular Characterisation, Genetic Stability, and Comprehensive Comparison with Commercial Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Cells 2021; 11:cells11010117. [PMID: 35011679 PMCID: PMC8749978 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast cancer (BC) subtype that accounts for approximately 15–20% of all BC cases. Cancer cell lines (CLs) provide an efficient way to model the disease. We have recently isolated a patient-derived triple-negative BC CL MFUM-BrTNBC-1 and performed a detailed morphological and molecular characterisation and a comprehensive comparison with three commercial BC CLs (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453). Light and fluorescence microscopy were used for morphological studies; immunocytochemical staining for hormone receptor, p53 and Ki67 status; RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR and STR analysis for molecular characterisation; and biomedical image analysis for comparative phenotypical analysis. The patient tissue-derived MFUM-BrTNBC-1 maintained the primary triple-negative receptor status. STR analysis showed a stable and unique STR profile up to the 6th passage. MFUM-BrTNBC-1 expressed EMT transition markers and displayed changes in several cancer-related pathways (MAPK, Wnt and PI3K signalling; nucleotide excision repair; and SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling). Morphologically, MFUM-BrTNBC-1 differed from the commercial TNBC CL MDA-MB-231. The advantages of MFUM-BrTNBC-1 are its isolation from a primary tumour, rather than a metastatic site; good growth characteristics; phenotype identical to primary tissue; complete records of origin; a unique identifier; complete, unique STR profile; quantifiable morphological properties; and genetic stability up to (at least) the 6th passage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristijan Skok
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Graz II, Location West, Göstinger Straße 22, 8020 Graz, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (U.M.); Tel.: +43-316-5466-5541 (K.S.); +386-2-234-5823 (U.M.)
| | - Lidija Gradišnik
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
| | - Helena Čelešnik
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
- Faculty of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marko Milojević
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
| | - Uroš Potočnik
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
- Faculty of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Jezernik
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
| | - Mario Gorenjak
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
| | - Monika Sobočan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
- Division for Gynecology and Perinatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska Ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Iztok Takač
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
- Division for Gynecology and Perinatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska Ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Rajko Kavalar
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska Ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Uroš Maver
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (U.M.); Tel.: +43-316-5466-5541 (K.S.); +386-2-234-5823 (U.M.)
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Nishimori T, Higuchi T, Hashida Y, Ujihara T, Taniguchi A, Ogasawara F, Kitamura N, Murakami I, Kojima K, Daibata M. Development of a novel cell line-derived xenograft model of primary herpesvirus 8-unrelated effusion large B-cell lymphoma and antitumor activity of birabresib in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Med 2021; 10:8976-8987. [PMID: 34821060 PMCID: PMC8683535 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8)-unrelated effusion large B-cell lymphoma is a clinical disease entity distinct from HHV8-positive primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). However, the lack of experimental HHV8-unrelated effusion large B-cell lymphoma models continues to hinder the pathophysiologic and therapeutic investigations of this disorder. METHODS The lymphoma cells were obtained from the pleural effusion of a patient with primary HHV8-unrelated effusion large B-cell lymphoma and cultured in vitro. RESULTS We established a novel HHV8-unrelated effusion large B-cell lymphoma cell line, designated Pell-1, carrying a c-MYC rearrangement with features distinct from those of HHV8-positive PEL. Moreover, we developed an HHV8-unrelated effusion large B-cell lymphoma cell line-derived xenograft model. Pell-1 cells induced profuse lymphomatous ascites and subsequently formed intra-abdominal tumors after intraperitoneal implantation into irradiated nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice. Thus, this xenograft mouse model mimicked the clinical phenomena observed in patients and recapitulated the sequential stages of aggressive HHV8-unrelated effusion large B-cell lymphoma. The bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitors JQ1 and birabresib (MK-8628/OTX015) reduced the proliferation of Pell-1 cells in vitro through the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The antitumor effect of BET inhibition was also demonstrated in vivo, as birabresib significantly reduced ascites and suppressed tumor progression without apparent adverse effects in the xenografted mice. CONCLUSION These preclinical findings suggest the therapeutic potential of targeting c-MYC through BET inhibition in HHV8-unrelated effusion large B-cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Nishimori
- Department of Microbiology and InfectionKochi Medical SchoolKochi UniversityNankokuJapan
| | - Tomonori Higuchi
- Department of Microbiology and InfectionKochi Medical SchoolKochi UniversityNankokuJapan
| | - Yumiko Hashida
- Department of Microbiology and InfectionKochi Medical SchoolKochi UniversityNankokuJapan
| | - Takako Ujihara
- Department of Microbiology and InfectionKochi Medical SchoolKochi UniversityNankokuJapan
- Science Research CenterKochi UniversityNankokuJapan
| | - Ayuko Taniguchi
- Department of Microbiology and InfectionKochi Medical SchoolKochi UniversityNankokuJapan
- Department of HematologyKochi Medical SchoolKochi UniversityNankokuJapan
| | - Fumiya Ogasawara
- Department of Microbiology and InfectionKochi Medical SchoolKochi UniversityNankokuJapan
- Department of HematologyKochi Medical SchoolKochi UniversityNankokuJapan
| | - Naoya Kitamura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryKochi Medical SchoolKochi UniversityNankokuJapan
| | - Ichiro Murakami
- Department of PathologyKochi Medical SchoolKochi UniversityNankokuJapan
| | - Kensuke Kojima
- Department of HematologyKochi Medical SchoolKochi UniversityNankokuJapan
| | - Masanori Daibata
- Department of Microbiology and InfectionKochi Medical SchoolKochi UniversityNankokuJapan
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Dai SD, Wang S, Qin YN, Zhu JC. Multiomics Landscape Uncovers the Molecular Mechanism of the Malignant Evolution of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells to Chronic Low Dose Cadmium Exposure. Front Oncol 2021; 11:654687. [PMID: 34858801 PMCID: PMC8631903 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.654687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) from cigarette smoke and polluted air can lead to lung adenocarcinoma after long-term inhalation. However, most studies are based on short-term exposure to this toxic metal at high concentrations. Here, we investigate the effects of long-term exposure of A549 cells (lung adenocarcinoma) to cadmium at low concentrations using morphological and multiomics analyses. First, we treated A549 cells continuously with CdCl2 at 1μM for 8 months and found that CdCl2 promoted cellular migration and invasion. After that, we applied transmission electron and fluorescence microscopies and did not observe significant morphological changes in Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, or mitochondria on Cd treated cells; microfilaments, in contrast, accumulated in lamellipodium and adhesion plaques, which suggested that Cd enhanced cellular activity. Second, by using whole-exome sequencing (WES) we detected 4222 unique SNPs in Cd-treated cells, which included 382 unique non-synonymous mutation sites. The corresponding mutated genes, after GO and KEGG enrichments, were involved mainly in cell adhesion, movement, and metabolic pathways. Third, by RNA-seq analysis, we showed that 1250 genes (784 up and 466 down), 1623 mRNAs (1023 up and 591 down), and 679 lncRNAs (375 up and 304 down) were expressed differently. Furthermore, GO enrichment of these RNA-seq results suggested that most differentially expressed genes were related to cell adhesion and organization of the extracellular matrix in biological process terms; KEGG enrichment revealed that the differentially expressed genes took part in 26 pathways, among which the metabolic pathway was the most significant. These findings could be important for unveiling mechanisms of Cd-related cancers and for developing cancer therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Dong Dai
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shenyang Red Cross Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Ya-Nan Qin
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Chao Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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38
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Korch CT, Capes-Davis A. The Extensive and Expensive Impacts of HEp-2 [HeLa], Intestine 407 [HeLa], and Other False Cell Lines in Journal Publications. SLAS DISCOVERY 2021; 26:1268-1279. [PMID: 34697958 DOI: 10.1177/24725552211051963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cell lines are essential models for biomedical research. However, they have a common and important problem that needs to be addressed. Cell lines can be misidentified, meaning that they no longer correspond to the donor from whom the cells were first obtained. This problem may arise due to cross-contamination: the accidental introduction of cells from another culture. The contaminant, which is often a rapidly dividing cell line, will overgrow and replace the original culture. The end result is a false cell line, also known as a misidentified or imposter cell line. False cell lines may come from an entirely different species, tissue, or cell type than the original donor. If undetected, false cell lines produce unreliable and irreproducible results that pollute the biomedical literature and threaten the development of reliable drug discovery and meaningful patient treatments.The goal of this study was to ascertain how widespread this problem is and how it affects the literature, as well as to estimate how much funding has been used to produce pools of scientific literature of questionable value. We focus on HEp-2 [HeLa] and Intestine 407 [HeLa], two false cell lines that are widely used in the scientific literature but were shown to be cross-contaminated in 1967. These two cell lines have been used in 8497 and 1397 published articles and extensively described as laryngeal cancer and normal intestine, respectively, rather than their true identity: the cervical cancer cell line HeLa. Discussed are tools, approaches, and resources that can address this issue-both retrospectively and prospectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Korch
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Amanda Capes-Davis
- CellBank Australia, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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Han S, Basting PJ, Dias GB, Luhur A, Zelhof AC, Bergman CM. Transposable element profiles reveal cell line identity and loss of heterozygosity in Drosophila cell culture. Genetics 2021; 219:6321957. [PMID: 34849875 PMCID: PMC8633141 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyab113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell culture systems allow key insights into biological mechanisms yet suffer from irreproducible outcomes in part because of cross-contamination or mislabeling of cell lines. Cell line misidentification can be mitigated by the use of genotyping protocols, which have been developed for human cell lines but are lacking for many important model species. Here, we leverage the classical observation that transposable elements (TEs) proliferate in cultured Drosophila cells to demonstrate that genome-wide TE insertion profiles can reveal the identity and provenance of Drosophila cell lines. We identify multiple cases where TE profiles clarify the origin of Drosophila cell lines (Sg4, mbn2, and OSS_E) relative to published reports, and also provide evidence that insertions from only a subset of long-terminal repeat retrotransposon families are necessary to mark Drosophila cell line identity. We also develop a new bioinformatics approach to detect TE insertions and estimate intra-sample allele frequencies in legacy whole-genome sequencing data (called ngs_te_mapper2), which revealed loss of heterozygosity as a mechanism shaping the unique TE profiles that identify Drosophila cell lines. Our work contributes to the general understanding of the forces impacting metazoan genomes as they evolve in cell culture and paves the way for high-throughput protocols that use TE insertions to authenticate cell lines in Drosophila and other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhua Han
- Department of Genetics and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Preston J Basting
- Department of Genetics and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Guilherme B Dias
- Department of Genetics and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Arthur Luhur
- Drosophila Genomics Resource Center, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.,Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Andrew C Zelhof
- Drosophila Genomics Resource Center, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.,Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Casey M Bergman
- Department of Genetics and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Spitzner M, Emons G, Schütz KB, Wolff HA, Rieken S, Ghadimi BM, Schneider G, Grade M. Inhibition of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Sensitizes Esophageal Cancer Cells to Chemoradiotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910301. [PMID: 34638639 PMCID: PMC8509072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The standard treatment of locally advanced esophageal cancer comprises multimodal treatment concepts including preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by radical surgical resection. However, despite intensified treatment approaches, 5-year survival rates are still low. Therefore, new strategies are required to overcome treatment resistance, and to improve patients’ outcome. In this study, we investigated the impact of Wnt/β-catenin signaling on CRT resistance in esophageal cancer cells. Experiments were conducted in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma cell lines with varying expression levels of Wnt proteins and Wnt/β-catenin signaling activities. To investigate the effect of Wnt/β-catenin signaling on CRT responsiveness, we genetically or pharmacologically inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our experiments revealed that inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling sensitizes cell lines with robust pathway activity to CRT. In conclusion, Wnt/β-catenin activity may guide precision therapies in esophageal carcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Spitzner
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; (M.S.); (G.E.); (K.B.S.); (B.M.G.); (G.S.)
| | - Georg Emons
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; (M.S.); (G.E.); (K.B.S.); (B.M.G.); (G.S.)
| | - Karl Burkhard Schütz
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; (M.S.); (G.E.); (K.B.S.); (B.M.G.); (G.S.)
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Sankt Georg Medical Centre and Hospital, 04129 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hendrik A. Wolff
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; (H.A.W.); (S.R.)
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy, Radiology Munich, 80331 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Rieken
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; (H.A.W.); (S.R.)
| | - B. Michael Ghadimi
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; (M.S.); (G.E.); (K.B.S.); (B.M.G.); (G.S.)
| | - Günter Schneider
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; (M.S.); (G.E.); (K.B.S.); (B.M.G.); (G.S.)
| | - Marian Grade
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; (M.S.); (G.E.); (K.B.S.); (B.M.G.); (G.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-551-39-67809
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41
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Smith G, Mathews D, Sander-Effron S, Requesens D, Turan N, Scheinfeldt L. Microsatellite Markers in Biobanking: A New Multiplexed Assay. Biopreserv Biobank 2021; 19:438-443. [PMID: 34468209 PMCID: PMC8665806 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2021.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsatellites, or MSATs, offer a fast and cost-effective way for biobanks to establish a biospecimen genetic profile. Importantly, this genetic profile can be used to authenticate multiple submissions derived from the same individual as well as biospecimens derived from the same original sample submission over time. While the Certificate of Confidentiality provided by the National Institutes of Health offers some meaningful protection to prevent the disclosure of potentially identifiable information to entities within the United States, we consider, in this study, the potential to offer additional protection to participants who choose to donate to biobanks by minimizing the use of forensic Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) MSAT markers in biobanking. To this end, we report the design and validation of a new multiplexed MSAT assay that does not include CODIS markers for use in biobanking operations and quality control management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen Smith
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - Debra Mathews
- Berman Institute of Bioethics, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Deborah Requesens
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, New Jersey, USA.,The Orphan Disease Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nahid Turan
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, New Jersey, USA
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42
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Gu M, Yang M, He J, Xia S, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Zheng C, Shen C. A silver lining in cell line authentication: Short tandem repeat analysis of 1373 cases in China from 2010 to 2019. Int J Cancer 2021; 150:502-508. [PMID: 34469590 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Continuous cell lines are practical models that are widely used in the study of disease mechanisms and particularly cancers. However, the issue of cell line cross-contamination has existed since the 1960s, despite repeated advocation for cell line authentication by many experts. Furthermore, cell line abuse has been underestimated and underreported. The China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) received 1373 cell samples for authentication from 2010 to 2019, and has found that the quality of cell lines has improved during this time, offering a positive outlook for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijia Gu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meimei Yang
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing He
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Sixuan Xia
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yudong Wang
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Congyi Zheng
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Shen
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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43
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Sun G, Yang L, Wei S, Jin H, Li B, Li H. miR-425 regulates lipophagy via SIRT1 to promote sorafenib resistance in liver cancer. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:695. [PMID: 34457050 PMCID: PMC8358621 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most malignant cancer, with poor outcomes and a high incidence rate, and current treatment approaches to prevent tumor progression and development remain unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is urgent to explore novel methods to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. Autophagy is a highly conserved process associated with metastasis and drug resistance. Lipids are selectively recognized and degraded via autophagy; thus, autophagy is a crucial process to maintain tumor self-protection. MicroRNA (miR)-425 is a tumor-associated gene involved in liver cancer development that can induce cell proliferation and drug resistance. Using Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assays, the present study revealed that inhibition of miR-425 promoted lipophagy by mediating the autophagy process, which in turn helps to promote sorafenib resistance. Using a bioinformatics website, it was revealed that autophagy promoted lipophagy by targeting silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1). The results of luciferase reporter assays supported this finding, and rescue experiments provided additional evidence. Overall, the current results suggested that inhibition of miR-425 expression increased SIRT1 expression to promote lipophagy, leading to the inhibition of liver cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongping Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, P.R. China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, P.R. China
| | - Shibo Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, P.R. China
| | - Hongyuan Jin
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, P.R. China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, P.R. China
| | - Hangyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, P.R. China
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44
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Wang W, Yin Q, Guo S, Wang J. NEIL3 contributes toward the carcinogenesis of liver cancer and regulates PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1053. [PMID: 34434267 PMCID: PMC8353638 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the top three fatal types of cancer and it causes several thousands of mortalities each year. The main treatment is surgical resection which shows little benefit for patients with recurrence or metastasis. NEIL3 promotes progression and predicts survival in cancer. However, its role in liver cancer remains unclear. Based on data in the TCGA database, NEIL3 exhibited much higher expression in liver cancer tissues and was clinically correlated with tumor grade in patients with liver cancer. Furthermore, high NEIL3 expression caused shorter survival times. In liver cancer cell lines, NEIL3 showed abundant expression. When NEIL3 was knocked down in HepG2 and Huh-7 cells, cell abilities including proliferation, growth, migration and invasion, exhibited deficiency to different extents. Cell cycle transition was blocked at the G2 phase and the cell apoptotic rate increased notably. In addition, the phosphorylation levels of Akt, PI3K and mTOR were increased following NEIL3-overexpression but decreased following NEIL3-knockdown. In conclusion, NEIL3 contributes toward development and/or progression in liver cancer and regulates PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Wang
- Medical Research and Laboratory Diagnostic Center, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Qing Yin
- Department of Medical Education, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Medical Research and Laboratory Diagnostic Center, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
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45
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Manjunath HS, James N, Mathew R, Al Hashmi M, Silcock L, Biunno I, De Blasio P, Manickam C, Tomei S. Human sample authentication in biomedical research: comparison of two platforms. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13982. [PMID: 34234171 PMCID: PMC8263568 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92978-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Samples used in biomedical research are often collected over years, in some cases from subjects that may have died and thus cannot be retrieved in any way. The value of these samples is priceless. Sample misidentification or mix-up are unfortunately common problems in biomedical research and can eventually result in the publication of incorrect data. Here we have compared the Fluidigm SNPtrace and the Agena iPLEX Sample ID panels for the authentication of human genomic DNA samples. We have tested 14 pure samples and simulated their cross-contamination at different percentages (2%, 5%, 10%, 25% and 50%). For both panels, we report call rate, allele intensity/probability score, performance in distinguishing pure samples and contaminated samples at different percentages, and sex typing. We show that both panels are reliable and efficient methods for sample authentication and we highlight their advantages and disadvantages. We believe that the data provided here is useful for sample authentication especially in biorepositories and core facility settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rebecca Mathew
- Omics Core, Integrated Genomic Services, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, PO 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muna Al Hashmi
- Omics Core, Integrated Genomic Services, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, PO 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Ida Biunno
- Integrated Systems Engineering, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Chidambaram Manickam
- Omics Core, Integrated Genomic Services, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, PO 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sara Tomei
- Omics Core, Integrated Genomic Services, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, PO 26999, Doha, Qatar.
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46
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Møller P, Wils RS, Di Ianni E, Gutierrez CAT, Roursgaard M, Jacobsen NR. Genotoxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotube reference materials in mammalian cells and animals. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2021; 788:108393. [PMID: 34893158 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were the first nanomaterials to be evaluated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The categorization as possibly carcinogenic agent to humans was only applicable to multi-walled carbon nanotubes called MWCNT-7. Other types of CNTs were not classifiable because of missing data and it was not possible to pinpoint unique CNT characteristics that cause cancer. Importantly, the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) has established a repository of industrially manufactured nanomaterials that encompasses at least four well-characterized MWCNTs called NM-400 to NM-403 (original JRC code). This review summarizes the genotoxic effects of these JRC materials and MWCNT-7. The review consists of 36 publications with results on cell culture experiments (22 publications), animal models (9 publications) or both (5 publications). As compared to the publications in the IARC monograph on CNTs, the current database represents a significant increase as there is only an overlap of 8 publications. However, the results come mainly from cell cultures and/or measurements of DNA strand breaks by the comet assay and the micronucleus assay (82 out of 97 outcomes). A meta-analysis of cell culture studies on DNA strand breaks showed a genotoxic response by MWCNT-7, less consistent effect by NM-400 and NM-402, and least consistent effect by NM-401 and NM-403. Results from other in vitro tests indicate strongest evidence of genotoxicity for MWCNT-7. There are too few observations from animal models and humans to make general conclusions about genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
| | - Regitze Sølling Wils
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark; The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Emilio Di Ianni
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Claudia Andrea Torero Gutierrez
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark; The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Nicklas Raun Jacobsen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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47
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Kato K, Yoshimi A, Noda A, Otani H, Hojo H, Tanaka M, Tanaka Y, Ito Y, Nishimura R, Takita J, Yanai T, Koike K, Tsuchida M. Distinct clonal evolution in a case with anaplastic embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Pediatr Int 2021; 63:782-789. [PMID: 33021000 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clonal evolution of malignancy is a complex process related to intratumoral heterogeneity, as recent studies have also demonstrated in rhabdomyosarcoma. The purpose of this study is to present a distinct clonal feature of a case with anaplastic embryonal type rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) using molecular analysis. METHODS A five-year-old girl developed a metastatic pelvic tumor. We cultured neoplastic cells isolated from the biopsy sample. Next, to characterize the current case, we analyzed the biopsy sample, autopsy sample, and established cell line using combined modalities, including histopathological, cytogenetic, and molecular assay. We also undertook the backtrack mutation-specific polymerase chain reaction to reveal clonal composition. RESULTS The histology of the biopsy sample was consistent with ERMS with focal anaplasia. We established a permanently growing cell line, ICH-ERMS-1, from the biopsy sample. On molecular analysis, the biopsied tissue revealed a missense mutation at codon 245 of TP53. In contrast, the autopsy tumor tissue and the cell line established from the biopsied tissue showed a missense mutation at codon 248. A backtrack study using mutation-specific polymerase chain reaction detected a TP53 codon 248 mutation in the original biopsy sample. All the specimens examined had a missense mutation at PTPN11 codon 69. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights intratumoral heterogeneity and distinct clonal change related to the functional context in our anaplastic ERMS case, supporting the concept of intratumoral heterogeneity and clonal evolution. It requires further case collection to reveal whether p14ARF-p53-MDM2 tumor suppressor pathway alteration, considered a late event in ERMS tumorigenesis, is responsible for anaplasia in ERMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kato
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ibaraki Children's Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan.,Research Institute of Pediatric Medicine and Cancer, Ibaraki Children's Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ai Yoshimi
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ibaraki Children's Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan.,Research Institute of Pediatric Medicine and Cancer, Ibaraki Children's Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Asami Noda
- Research Institute of Pediatric Medicine and Cancer, Ibaraki Children's Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Haruo Otani
- Division of Pathology, Ibaraki Children's Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hojo
- Department of Pathology, Fukushima Medical University Aizu Medical Center, Aizuwakamatsu, Japan
| | - Mio Tanaka
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yukichi Tanaka
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yumi Ito
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Tsurumi University Dental Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Riki Nishimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Yanai
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Ibaraki Children's Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Koike
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ibaraki Children's Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan.,Research Institute of Pediatric Medicine and Cancer, Ibaraki Children's Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuchida
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ibaraki Children's Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan.,Research Institute of Pediatric Medicine and Cancer, Ibaraki Children's Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
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48
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He C, Fu Y, Chen Y, Li X. Long non-coding RNA SNHG8 promotes autophagy as a ceRNA to upregulate ATG7 by sponging microRNA-588 in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:577. [PMID: 34122628 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 8 (SNHG8) acts as an oncogene in different types of cancer, including prostate, breast and ovarian cancer. SNHG8 promotes the tumorigenesis of CRC; however, its underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the mechanism of SNHG8 on CRC development via various assays, including western blot, pull-down, PCR and immunofluorescence assays. The results of the present study demonstrated that SNHG8 expression was substantially upregulated in primary tumor tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses demonstrated that SNHG8 facilitated cell proliferation and autophagy in CRC cells. Notably, the function of SNHG8 in enhancing autophagy was dependent on autophagy-related gene 7 (ATG7). In addition, western blot analysis indicated that the effect of SNHG8 on autophagy in CRC cells was dependent on the miR-588/ATG7 axis. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that SNHG8 promotes autophagy in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi He
- Department of General Surgery, Shenyang Anorectal Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110054, P.R. China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Xiquan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shenyang Anorectal Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110054, P.R. China
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49
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Khaseb S, Orooji M, Pour MG, Safavi SM, Eghbal MJ, Rezai Rad M. Dental stem cell banking: Techniques and protocols. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:1851-1865. [PMID: 33979004 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dental tissue-derived stem cells (DSCs) provide an easy, accessible, relatively noninvasive promising source of adult stem cells (ASCs), which brought encouraging prospective for their clinical applications. DSCs provide a perfect opportunity to apply for a patient's own ASC, which poses a low risk of immune rejection. However, problems associated with the long-term culture of stem cells, including loss of proliferation and differentiation capacities, senescence, genetic instability, and the possibility of microbial contamination, make cell banking necessary. With the rapid development of advanced cryopreservation technology, various international DSC banks have been established for both research and clinical applications around the world. However, few studies have been published that provide step-by-step guidance on DSCs isolation and banking methods. The purpose of this review is to present protocols and technical details for all steps of cryopreserved DSCs, from donor selection, isolation, cryopreservation, to characterization and quality control. Here, the emphasis is on presenting practical principles in accordance with the available valid guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Khaseb
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Orooji
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Ghasemian Pour
- Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammadreza Safavi
- Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jafar Eghbal
- Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Rezai Rad
- Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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50
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Dollery SJ, Maldonado TD, Brenner EA, Berger EA. iTIME.219: An Immortalized KSHV Infected Endothelial Cell Line Inducible by a KSHV-Specific Stimulus to Transition From Latency to Lytic Replication and Infectious Virus Release. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:654396. [PMID: 33937098 PMCID: PMC8080876 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.654396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV-8) is the causative agent of Kaposi's sarcoma and two B cell lymphoproliferative disorders: primary effusion lymphoma and KSHV-associated multicentric Castleman's disease. These distinct pathologies involve different infected cell types. In Kaposi's sarcoma, the virus is harbored in spindle-like tumor cells of endothelial origin, in contrast with the two pathologies of B cells. These distinctions highlight the importance of elucidating potential differences in the mechanisms of infection for these alternate target cell types and in the properties of virus generated from each. To date there is no available chronically KSHV-infected cell line of endothelial phenotype that can be activated by the viral lytic switch protein to transition from latency to lytic replication and production of infectious virus. To advance these efforts, we engineered a novel KSHV chronically infected derivative of TIME (telomerase immortalized endothelial) cells harboring a previously reported recombinant virus (rKSHV.219) and the viral replication and transcription activator (RTA) gene under the control of a doxycycline-inducible system. The resulting cells (designated iTIME.219) maintained latent virus as indicated by expression of constitutively expressed (eGFP) but not a lytic phase (RFP) reporter gene and can be sustained under long term selection. When exposed to either sodium butyrate or doxycycline, the cells were activated to lytic replication as evidenced by the expression of RFP and KSHV lytic genes and release of large quantities of infectious virus. The identity of the iTIME.219 cells was confirmed both phenotypically (specific antigen expression) and genetically (short tandem repeat analysis), and cell stability was maintained following repeated serial passage. These results suggest the potential utility of the iTime.219 cells in future studies of the KSHV replication in endothelial cells, properties of virus generated from this biologically relevant cell type and mechanisms underlying KSHV tropism and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Dollery
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tania D Maldonado
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Eric A Brenner
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Edward A Berger
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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