1
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Chan JML, Chang YC, Chan HC, Chan HC, Chang WC, Wang LF, Tsai TH, Chen YJ, Huang WC. FK228 suppress the growth of human malignant pleural mesothelioma tumor independent to epithelioid or non-epithelioid histology. Mol Med 2024; 30:73. [PMID: 38822233 PMCID: PMC11143749 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00835-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Human malignant pleural mesothelioma (hMPM) is an aggressive, rare disease with a poor prognosis. Histologically, MPM is categorized into epithelioid, biphasic, and sarcomatoid subtypes, with the epithelioid subtype generally displaying a better response to treatment. Conversely, effective therapies for the non-epithelioid subtypes are limited. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of FK228, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, in the suppression of hMPM tumor growth. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the histological and molecular characteristics of two MPM cell lines, CRL-5820 (epithelioid) and CRL-5946 (non-epithelioid). CRL-5946 cells and non-epithelioid patient-derived xenografted mice exhibited heightened growth rates compared to those with epithelioid MPM. Both CRL-5946 cells and non-epithelioid mice displayed a poor response to cisplatin. However, FK228 markedly inhibited the growth of both epithelioid and non-epithelioid tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Cell cycle analysis revealed FK228-induced G1/S and mitotic arrest in MPM cells. Caspase inhibitor experiments demonstrated that FK228-triggered apoptosis occurred via a caspase-dependent pathway in CRL-5946 but not in CRL-5820 cells. Additionally, a cytokine array analysis showed that FK228 reduced the release of growth factors, including platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors, specifically in CRL-5946 cells. These results indicate that FK228 exhibits therapeutic potential in MPM by inducing cytotoxicity and modulating the tumor microenvironment, potentially benefiting both epithelioid and non-epithelioid subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Mei-Lin Chan
- Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ching Chang
- Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Chen Chan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chuan Chan
- PhD Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chin Chang
- Pathology Department, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liu-Fang Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Hu Tsai
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Chien Huang
- Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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2
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Barrett AK, Shingare MR, Rechtsteiner A, Rodriguez KM, Le QN, Wijeratne TU, Mitchell CE, Membreno MW, Rubin SM, Müller GA. HDAC activity is dispensable for repression of cell-cycle genes by DREAM and E2F:RB complexes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4450. [PMID: 38789411 PMCID: PMC11126580 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48724-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a crucial role in transcriptional regulation and are implicated in various diseases, including cancer. They are involved in histone tail deacetylation and canonically linked to transcriptional repression. Previous studies suggested that HDAC recruitment to cell-cycle gene promoters via the retinoblastoma (RB) protein or the DREAM complex through SIN3B is essential for G1/S and G2/M gene repression during cell-cycle arrest and exit. Here we investigate the interplay among DREAM, RB, SIN3 proteins, and HDACs in the context of cell-cycle gene repression. Knockout of SIN3B does not globally derepress cell-cycle genes in non-proliferating HCT116 and C2C12 cells. Loss of SIN3A/B moderately upregulates several cell-cycle genes in HCT116 cells but does so independently of DREAM/RB. HDAC inhibition does not induce general upregulation of RB/DREAM target genes in arrested transformed or non-transformed cells. Our findings suggest that E2F:RB and DREAM complexes can repress cell-cycle genes without relying on HDAC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison K Barrett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Manisha R Shingare
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Andreas Rechtsteiner
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Kelsie M Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Quynh N Le
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Tilini U Wijeratne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Corbin E Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Miles W Membreno
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Seth M Rubin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
| | - Gerd A Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
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3
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Seane EN, Nair S, Vandevoorde C, Joubert A. Mechanistic Sequence of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors and Radiation Treatment: An Overview. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:602. [PMID: 38794172 PMCID: PMC11124271 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases inhibitors (HDACis) have shown promising therapeutic outcomes in haematological malignancies such as leukaemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma, with disappointing results in solid tumours when used as monotherapy. As a result, combination therapies either with radiation or other deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damaging agents have been suggested as ideal strategy to improve their efficacy in solid tumours. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that HDACis can sensitise malignant cells to both electromagnetic and particle types of radiation by inhibiting DNA damage repair. Although the radiosensitising ability of HDACis has been reported as early as the 1990s, the mechanisms of radiosensitisation are yet to be fully understood. This review brings forth the various protocols used to sequence the administration of radiation and HDACi treatments in the different studies. The possible contribution of these various protocols to the ambiguity that surrounds the mechanisms of radiosensitisation is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsie Neo Seane
- Department of Radiography, School of Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
- Department of Medical Imaging and Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 7530, South Africa
- Radiation Biophysics Division, Separate Sector Cyclotron (SSC) Laboratory, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa;
| | - Shankari Nair
- Radiation Biophysics Division, Separate Sector Cyclotron (SSC) Laboratory, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa;
| | - Charlot Vandevoorde
- GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research, Department of Biophysics, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany;
| | - Anna Joubert
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa;
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4
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Pozzo LD, Xu Z, Lin S, Wang J, Wang Y, Enechojo OS, Abankwah JK, Peng Y, Chu X, Zhou H, Bian Y. Role of epigenetics in the regulation of skin aging and geroprotective intervention: A new sight. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116592. [PMID: 38615608 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple epigenetic factors play a regulatory role in maintaining the homeostasis of cutaneous components and are implicated in the aging process of the skin. They have been associated with the activation of the senescence program, which is the primary contributor to age-related decline in the skin. Senescent species drive a series of interconnected processes that impact the immediate surroundings, leading to structural changes, diminished functionality, and heightened vulnerability to infections. Geroprotective medicines that may restore the epigenetic balance represent valid therapeutic alliances against skin aging. Most of them are well-known Western medications such as metformin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), rapamycin, and histone deacetylase inhibitors, while others belong to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) remedies for which the scientific literature provides limited information. With the help of the Geroprotectors.org database and a comprehensive analysis of the referenced literature, we have compiled data on compounds and formulae that have shown potential in preventing skin aging and have been identified as epigenetic modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Dal Pozzo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shan Lin
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jida Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ogbe Susan Enechojo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Joseph Kofi Abankwah
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yanfei Peng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaoqian Chu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Huifang Zhou
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Yuhong Bian
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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5
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González Dalmasy JM, Fitzsimmons CM, Frye WJE, Perciaccante AJ, Jewell CP, Jenkins LM, Batista PJ, Robey RW, Gottesman MM. The thiol methyltransferase activity of TMT1A (METTL7A) is conserved across species. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 394:110989. [PMID: 38574836 PMCID: PMC11056289 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Although few resistance mechanisms for histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have been described, we recently demonstrated that TMT1A (formerly METTL7A) and TMT1B (formerly METTL7B) can mediate resistance to HDACis with a thiol as the zinc-binding group by methylating and inactivating the drug. TMT1A and TMT1B are poorly characterized, and their normal physiological role has yet to be determined. As animal model systems are often used to determine the physiological function of proteins, we investigated whether the ability of these methyltransferases to methylate thiol-based HDACis is conserved across different species. We found that TMT1A was conserved across rats, mice, chickens, and zebrafish, displaying 85.7%, 84.8%, 60.7%, and 51.0% amino acid sequence identity, respectively, with human TMT1A. Because TMT1B was not found in the chicken or zebrafish, we focused our studies on the TMT1A homologs. HEK-293 cells were transfected to express mouse, rat, chicken, or zebrafish homologs of TMT1A and all conferred resistance to the thiol-based HDACIs NCH-51, KD-5170, and romidepsin compared to empty vector-transfected cells. Additionally, all homologs blunted the downstream effects of HDACi treatment such as increased p21 expression, increased acetylated histone H3, and cell cycle arrest. Increased levels of dimethylated romidepsin were also found in the culture medium of cells transfected to express any of the TMT1A homologs after a 24 h incubation with romidepsin compared to empty-vector transfected cells. Our results indicate that the ability of TMT1A to methylate molecules is conserved across species. Animal models may therefore be useful in elucidating the role of these enzymes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M González Dalmasy
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christina M Fitzsimmons
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William J E Frye
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew J Perciaccante
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Connor P Jewell
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lisa M Jenkins
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pedro J Batista
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert W Robey
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael M Gottesman
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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6
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Robey RW, Fitzsimmons CM, Guiblet WM, Frye WJE, González Dalmasy JM, Wang L, Russell DA, Huff LM, Perciaccante AJ, Ali-Rahmani F, Lipsey CC, Wade HM, Mitchell AV, Maligireddy SS, Terrero D, Butcher D, Edmondson EF, Jenkins LM, Nikitina T, Zhurkin VB, Tiwari AK, Piscopio AD, Totah RA, Bates SE, Arda HE, Gottesman MM, Batista PJ. The Methyltransferases METTL7A and METTL7B Confer Resistance to Thiol-Based Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:464-477. [PMID: 38151817 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are part of a growing class of epigenetic therapies used for the treatment of cancer. Although HDACis are effective in the treatment of T-cell lymphomas, treatment of solid tumors with this class of drugs has not been successful. Overexpression of the multidrug resistance protein P-glycoprotein (P-gp), encoded by ABCB1, is known to confer resistance to the HDACi romidepsin in vitro, yet increased ABCB1 expression has not been associated with resistance in patients, suggesting that other mechanisms of resistance arise in the clinic. To identify alternative mechanisms of resistance to romidepsin, we selected MCF-7 breast cancer cells with romidepsin in the presence of the P-gp inhibitor verapamil to reduce the likelihood of P-gp-mediated resistance. The resulting cell line, MCF-7 DpVp300, does not express P-gp and was found to be selectively resistant to romidepsin but not to other HDACis such as belinostat, panobinostat, or vorinostat. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed upregulation of the mRNA coding for the putative methyltransferase, METTL7A, whose paralog, METTL7B, was previously shown to methylate thiol groups on hydrogen sulfide and captopril. As romidepsin has a thiol as the zinc-binding moiety, we hypothesized that METTL7A could inactivate romidepsin and other thiol-based HDACis via methylation of the thiol group. We demonstrate that expression of METTL7A or METTL7B confers resistance to thiol-based HDACis and that both enzymes are capable of methylating thiol-containing HDACis. We thus propose that METTL7A and METTL7B confer resistance to thiol-based HDACis by methylating and inactivating the zinc-binding thiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Robey
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christina M Fitzsimmons
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Wilfried M Guiblet
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - William J E Frye
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - José M González Dalmasy
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Developmental Genomics Group, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Drake A Russell
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lyn M Huff
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Andrew J Perciaccante
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Fatima Ali-Rahmani
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Crystal C Lipsey
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Heidi M Wade
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Allison V Mitchell
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Siddhardha S Maligireddy
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David Terrero
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Cancer Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Donna Butcher
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Elijah F Edmondson
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Lisa M Jenkins
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tatiana Nikitina
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Victor B Zhurkin
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amit K Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Cancer Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio
| | | | - Rheem A Totah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Susan E Bates
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Hematology/Oncology Research Department, James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - H Efsun Arda
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Developmental Genomics Group, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michael M Gottesman
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Pedro J Batista
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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7
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Rajaselvi ND, Jida MD, Ajeeshkumar KK, Nair SN, John P, Aziz Z, Nisha AR. Antineoplastic activity of plant-derived compounds mediated through inhibition of histone deacetylase: a review. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1803-1817. [PMID: 37389730 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03298-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
In the combat of treating cancer recent therapeutic approaches are focused towards enzymatic targets as they occupy a pivotal participation in the cascade of oncogenesis and malignancy. There are several enzymes that modulate the epigenetic pathways and chromatin structure related to cancer mutation. Among several epigenetic mechanisms such as methylation, phosphorylation, and sumoylation, acetylation status of histones is crucial and is governed by counteracting enzymes like histone acetyl transferase (HAT) and histone deacetylases (HDAC) which have contradictory effects on the histone acetylation. HDAC inhibition induces chromatin relaxation which forms euchromatin and thereby initiates the expression of certain transcription factors attributed with apoptosis, which are mostly correlated with the expression of the p21 gene and acetylation of H3 and H4 histones. Most of the synthetic and natural HDAC inhibitors elicit antineoplastic effect through activation of various apoptotic pathways and promoting cell cycle arrest at various phases. Due to their promising chemo preventive action and low cytotoxicity against normal host cells, bioactive substances like flavonoids, alkaloids, and polyphenolic compounds from plants have recently gained importance. Even though all bioactive compounds mentioned have an HDAC inhibitory action, some of them have a direct effect and others enhance the effects of the standard well known HDAC inhibitors. In this review, the action of plant derived compounds against histone deacetylases in a variety of in vitro cancer cell lines and in vivo animal models are articulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Divya Rajaselvi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, 680 651, India
| | - M D Jida
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, 680 651, India
| | - K K Ajeeshkumar
- Tumor Biology Lab, ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
| | - Suresh N Nair
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, 680 651, India
| | - Preethy John
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode, Wayanad, 673 576, India
| | - Zarina Aziz
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, 680 651, India
| | - A R Nisha
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, 680 651, India.
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8
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González Dalmasy JM, Fitzsimmons CM, Frye WJ, Perciaccante AJ, Jewell CP, Jenkins LM, Batista PJ, Robey RW, Gottesman MM. The thiol methyltransferase activity of TMT1A (METTL7A) is conserved across species. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.17.567538. [PMID: 38076968 PMCID: PMC10705543 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.17.567538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Although few resistance mechanisms for histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have been described, we recently demonstrated that TMT1A (formerly METTL7A) and TMT1B (formerly METTL7B) can mediate resistance to HDACis with a thiol as the zinc-binding group by methylating and inactivating the drug. TMT1A and TMT1B are poorly characterized, and their normal physiological role has yet to be determined. As animal model systems are often used to determine the physiological function of proteins, we investigated whether the ability of these methyltransferases to methylate thiol-based HDACis is conserved across different species. We found that TMT1A was conserved across rats, mice, chickens, and zebrafish, displaying 85.7%, 84.8%, 60.7% and 51.0% amino acid sequence identity, respectively, with human TMT1A. Because TMT1B was not found in the chicken or zebrafish, we focused our studies on the TMT1A homologs. HEK-293 cells were transfected to express mouse, rat, chicken, or zebrafish homologs of TMT1A and all conferred resistance to the thiol-based HDACIs NCH-51, KD-5170 and romidepsin compared to empty vector-transfected cells. Additionally, all homologs blunted the downstream effects of HDACi treatment such as increased p21 expression, increased acetylated histone H3, and cell cycle arrest. Increased levels of dimethylated romidepsin were also found in the culture medium of cells transfected to express any of the TMT1A homologs after a 24 h incubation with romidepsin compared to empty-vector transfected cells. Our results indicate that the ability of TMT1A to methylate molecules is conserved across species. Animal models may therefore be useful in elucidating the role of these enzymes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. González Dalmasy
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, MD
| | - Christina M. Fitzsimmons
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, MD
| | - William J.E. Frye
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, MD
| | - Andrew J. Perciaccante
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, MD
| | - Connor P. Jewell
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, MD
| | - Lisa M. Jenkins
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, MD
| | - Pedro J. Batista
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, MD
| | - Robert W. Robey
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, MD
| | - Michael M. Gottesman
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, MD
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9
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Xiao Y, Hale S, Awasthee N, Meng C, Zhang X, Liu Y, Ding H, Huo Z, Lv D, Zhang W, He M, Zheng G, Liao D. HDAC3 and HDAC8 PROTAC dual degrader reveals roles of histone acetylation in gene regulation. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:1421-1435.e12. [PMID: 37572669 PMCID: PMC10802846 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
HDAC3 and HDAC8 have critical biological functions and represent highly sought-after therapeutic targets. Because histone deacetylases (HDACs) have a very conserved catalytic domain, developing isozyme-selective inhibitors remains challenging. HDAC3/8 also have deacetylase-independent activity, which cannot be blocked by conventional enzymatic inhibitors. Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) can selectively degrade a target enzyme, abolishing both enzymatic and scaffolding function. Here, we report a novel HDAC3/8 dual degrader YX968 that induces highly potent, rapid, and selective degradation of both HDAC3/8 without triggering pan-HDAC inhibitory effects. Unbiased quantitative proteomic experiments confirmed its high selectivity. HDAC3/8 degradation by YX968 does not induce histone hyperacetylation and broad transcriptomic perturbation. Thus, histone hyperacetylation may be a major factor for altering transcription. YX968 promotes apoptosis and kills cancer cells with a high potency in vitro. YX968 thus represents a new probe for dissecting the complex biological functions of HDAC3/8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Xiao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Seth Hale
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Nikee Awasthee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Chengcheng Meng
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Haocheng Ding
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Dongwen Lv
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Weizhou Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Mei He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Guangrong Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Daiqing Liao
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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10
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Barrett A, Shingare MR, Rechtsteiner A, Wijeratne TU, Rodriguez KM, Rubin SM, Müller GA. HDAC activity is dispensable for repression of cell-cycle genes by DREAM and E2F:RB complexes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.28.564489. [PMID: 37961464 PMCID: PMC10634886 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.28.564489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are pivotal in transcriptional regulation, and their dysregulation has been associated with various diseases including cancer. One of the critical roles of HDAC-containing complexes is the deacetylation of histone tails, which is canonically linked to transcriptional repression. Previous research has indicated that HDACs are recruited to cell-cycle gene promoters through the RB protein or the DREAM complex via SIN3B and that HDAC activity is essential for repressing G1/S and G2/M cell-cycle genes during cell-cycle arrest and exit. In this study, we sought to explore the interdependence of DREAM, RB, SIN3 proteins, and HDACs in the context of cell-cycle gene repression. We found that genetic knockout of SIN3B did not lead to derepression of cell-cycle genes in non-proliferating HCT116 and C2C12 cells. A combined loss of SIN3A and SIN3B resulted in a moderate upregulation in mRNA expression of several cell-cycle genes in arrested HCT116 cells, however, these effects appeared to be independent of DREAM or RB. Furthermore, HDAC inhibition did not induce a general upregulation of RB and DREAM target gene expression in arrested transformed or non-transformed cells. Our findings provide evidence that E2F:RB and DREAM complexes can repress cell-cycle genes without reliance on HDAC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Barrett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Current Affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Manisha R. Shingare
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Andreas Rechtsteiner
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Tilini U. Wijeratne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Current Affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kelsie M. Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Seth M. Rubin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Gerd A. Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
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11
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Saha E, Guebila MB, Fanfani V, Fischer J, Shutta KH, Mandros P, DeMeo DL, Quackenbush J, Lopes-Ramos CM. Gene regulatory Networks Reveal Sex Difference in Lung Adenocarcinoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.22.559001. [PMID: 37790409 PMCID: PMC10543009 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.22.559001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has been observed to have significant sex differences in incidence, prognosis, and response to therapy. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for these disparities have not been investigated extensively. Sample-specific gene regulatory network methods were used to analyze RNA sequencing data from non-cancerous human lung samples from The Genotype Tissue Expression Project (GTEx) and lung adenocarcinoma primary tumor samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA); results were validated on independent data. We observe that genes associated with key biological pathways including cell proliferation, immune response and drug metabolism are differentially regulated between males and females in both healthy lung tissue, as well as in tumor, and that these regulatory differences are further perturbed by tobacco smoking. We also uncovered significant sex bias in transcription factor targeting patterns of clinically actionable oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, including AKT2 and KRAS. Using differentially regulated genes between healthy and tumor samples in conjunction with a drug repurposing tool, we identified several small-molecule drugs that might have sex-biased efficacy as cancer therapeutics and further validated this observation using an independent cell line database. These findings underscore the importance of including sex as a biological variable and considering gene regulatory processes in developing strategies for disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enakshi Saha
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marouen Ben Guebila
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Viola Fanfani
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonas Fischer
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Katherine H Shutta
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA 02115
| | - Panagiotis Mandros
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA 02115
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - John Quackenbush
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA 02115
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Camila M Lopes-Ramos
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA 02115
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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12
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Yoshida M, Funasaka Y, Saeki H, Yamamoto M, Kanda N. Dietary Fiber Inulin Improves Murine Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-like Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14197. [PMID: 37762500 PMCID: PMC10531541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease with interleukin (IL)-17-dominated inflammation and hyperproliferation of epidermis. Dietary fiber is fermented by the gut microbiome into short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that manifest anti-inflammatory effects. We examined if feeding with an inulin-enriched high-fiber diet (HFD) might improve topical imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis in mice. HFD reduced thickening and total severity scores of imiquimod-induced dermatitis and reduced epidermal thickness, inflammatory infiltrates, including Ly6G+ neutrophils, and epidermal Ki67+ proliferating cells. HFD reduced mRNA levels of IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, CXCL1, CXCL2, and keratin 16 and increased those of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A in imiquimod-induced dermatitis. In 16S rRNA sequencing of the gut microbiome, imiquimod increased relative abundance of phylum Firmicutes, while HFD increased that of phylum Bacteroidota and genus Bacteroides. HFD increased serum and fecal concentrations of SCFA propionate. Oral propionate reduced inflammatory infiltrates and epidermal Ki67+ cells and reduced mRNA levels of IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-17C, IL-22, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CXCL1, CCL20 and increased those of TGF-β1and IL-10 in imiquimod-indued dermatitis. Dietary inulin supplementation improves imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis partially via propionate, and may be a promising adjunctive therapy for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Yoshida
- Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo City 113-8602, Tokyo, Japan; (M.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.S.)
| | - Yoko Funasaka
- Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo City 113-8602, Tokyo, Japan; (M.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.S.)
| | - Hidehisa Saeki
- Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo City 113-8602, Tokyo, Japan; (M.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.S.)
| | - Masami Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Science, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino 180-8602, Tokyo, Japan;
| | - Naoko Kanda
- Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai 270-1694, Chiba, Japan
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13
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Guirandy N, Armant O, Frelon S, Pierron F, Geffroy B, Daffe G, Houdelet C, Gonzalez P, Simon O. Altered ovarian transcriptome is linked to early mortality and abnormalities in zebrafish embryos after maternal exposure to gamma irradiation. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 262:106660. [PMID: 37633173 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Recent laboratory studies focusing on multigenerational approach demonstrated drastic phenotypic effects after chronic fish irradiation exposure. No irradiation effect at phenotypic scale was observed for F0 (reproductive performances) while early mortality and malformations were observed in F1 offspring whether they were irradiated or not. The objective was to study molecular mechanisms likely to be involved in these phenotypic effects induced by parental irradiation. Thus, F0 adult zebrafish were irradiated for ten days until reproduction and maternal involvement in offspring development was assessed. Levels of maternal provided cortisol and vitellogenin, needed for embryo development, were not impacted by irradiation. However, maternal transcriptome highlighted irradiation effect on processes involved in oocyte development, as well as on essential maternal factors needed for offspring development. Therefore, this study highlighted the importance of parental exposure on offspring fate and of the importance of multigenerational exposure in risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noëmie Guirandy
- IRSN/PSE-ENV/SRTE/LECO, Centre de Cadarache-B.P. 3, Bat 183, St Paul Lez Durance 13115, France.
| | - Olivier Armant
- IRSN/PSE-ENV/SRTE/LECO, Centre de Cadarache-B.P. 3, Bat 183, St Paul Lez Durance 13115, France
| | - Sandrine Frelon
- IRSN/PSE-ENV/SRTE/LECO, Centre de Cadarache-B.P. 3, Bat 183, St Paul Lez Durance 13115, France
| | - Fabien Pierron
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, Pessac F-33600, France
| | - Benjamin Geffroy
- MARBEC, University Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Palavas-Les-Flots, France
| | - Guillemine Daffe
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, Pessac F-33600, France
| | - Camille Houdelet
- MARBEC, University Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Palavas-Les-Flots, France
| | - Patrice Gonzalez
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, Pessac F-33600, France
| | - Olivier Simon
- IRSN/PSE-ENV/SRTE/LECO, Centre de Cadarache-B.P. 3, Bat 183, St Paul Lez Durance 13115, France
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14
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Lee RS, Sad K, Fawwal DV, Spangle JM. Emerging Role of Epigenetic Modifiers in Breast Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Response. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4005. [PMID: 37568822 PMCID: PMC10417282 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15154005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer pathogenesis, treatment, and patient outcomes are shaped by tumor-intrinsic genomic alterations that divide breast tumors into molecular subtypes. These molecular subtypes often dictate viable therapeutic interventions and, ultimately, patient outcomes. However, heterogeneity in therapeutic response may be a result of underlying epigenetic features that may further stratify breast cancer patient outcomes. In this review, we examine non-genetic mechanisms that drive functional changes to chromatin in breast cancer to contribute to cell and tumor fitness and highlight how epigenetic activity may inform the therapeutic response. We conclude by providing perspectives on the future of therapeutic targeting of epigenetic enzymes, an approach that holds untapped potential to improve breast cancer patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Sean Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (R.S.L.); (K.S.); (D.V.F.)
- Department of Biology, Emory College, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kirti Sad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (R.S.L.); (K.S.); (D.V.F.)
| | - Dorelle V. Fawwal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (R.S.L.); (K.S.); (D.V.F.)
- Biochemistry, Cell & Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30311, USA
| | - Jennifer Marie Spangle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (R.S.L.); (K.S.); (D.V.F.)
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15
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Mehmood SA, Sahu KK, Sengupta S, Partap S, Karpoormath R, Kumar B, Kumar D. Recent advancement of HDAC inhibitors against breast cancer. Med Oncol 2023; 40:201. [PMID: 37294406 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies highlight the great potential impact of HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) in suppressing TNBC, even though clinical trials including a single HDACis demonstrated unsatisfactory outcomes against TNBC. New compounds created to achieve isoform selectivity and/or a polypharmacological HDAC strategy have also produced interesting results. The current study discusses the HDACis pharmacophoric models and the structural alterations that produced drugs with strong inhibitory effects on TNBC progression. With more than 2 million new cases reported in 2018, breast cancer-the most common cancer among women worldwide-poses a significant financial burden on an already deteriorating public health system. Due to a lack of therapies being developed for triple-negative breast cancers and the development of resistance to the current treatment options, it is imperative to plan novel therapeutics in order to bring new medications to the pipeline. Additionally, HDACs deacetylate a large number of nonhistone cellular substrates that control a variety of biological processes, such as the beginning and development of cancer. The significance of HDACs in cancer and the therapeutic potential of HDAC inhibitor. Furthermore, we also reported molecular docking study with four HDAC inhibitors and performed molecular dynamic stimulation of the best dock score compound. Among the four ligands belinostat compound showed best binding affinity with histone deacetylase protein which was -8.7 kJ/mol. It also formed five conventional hydrogen bond with Gly 841, His 669, His 670, pro 809, and His 709 amino acid residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Abdulla Mehmood
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Humdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Kantrol Kumar Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sounok Sengupta
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sangh Partap
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Brajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, TATA College, Kolhan University, Chaibasa, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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16
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Zhou H, Yuan Z, Han S, He H, Rong J, Guo D, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Liu X, Zhou C. Global Decrease in H3K9 Acetylation in Sorghum Seed Postgermination Stages. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5836-5850. [PMID: 36994885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Sorghum seed germination is accompanied by increases in nutrient contents and reduced levels of antinutrients and is therefore being applied to food processing. However, the characterization of acetylated histone H3 at lysine residue 9 (H3K9ac) in sorghum postgermination has lagged. In this study, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) to identify H3K9ac enrichment and obtained transcriptome in postgermination stages. More than 10,000 hypoacetylated genes gained H3K9ac marks in the postgermination stages. In addition, we observed that the expression of the main histone deacetylase (HDAC) genes was elevated. The application of the HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) resulted in seed growth arrest, suggesting that the repression of the H3K9ac modification is critical for postgermination. Additionally, we obtained a comprehensive view of abundant genomic changes in H3K9ac-marked regions and transcription between the mock and TSA treatment groups, which suggested that H3K9ac was required in the late stage of autotrophic seedling establishment. Metabolic profiling, transcriptome analyses, and ChIP-seq revealed that H3K9ac is enriched at genes involved in phenylpropanoid, including lignin and flavonoid, biosynthesis. Our results suggest important roles of H3K9ac in sorghum seed postgermination stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research Center, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443002 Yichang, China
| | - Zhu Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research Center, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443002 Yichang, China
| | - Sifang Han
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research Center, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443002 Yichang, China
| | - Huan He
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research Center, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443002 Yichang, China
| | - Jiajia Rong
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research Center, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443002 Yichang, China
| | - Dandan Guo
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, 430056 Wuhan, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Biomedical Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, 442000 Shiyan, China
| | - Dechun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research Center, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443002 Yichang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, 430056 Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research Center, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443002 Yichang, China
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17
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Nazri JM, Oikonomopoulou K, de Araujo ED, Kraskouskaya D, Gunning PT, Chandran V. Histone deacetylase inhibitors as a potential new treatment for psoriatic disease and other inflammatory conditions. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2023; 60:300-320. [PMID: 36846924 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2023.2177251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Collectively known as psoriatic disease, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are immune-mediated inflammatory diseases in which patients present with cutaneous and musculoskeletal inflammation. Affecting roughly 2-3% of the world's total population, there remains unmet therapeutic needs in both psoriasis and PsA despite the availability of current immunomodulatory treatments. As a result, patients with psoriatic disease often experience reduced quality of life. Recently, a class of small molecules, commonly investigated as anti-cancer agents, called histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, have been proposed as a new promising anti-inflammatory treatment for immune- and inflammatory-related diseases. In inflammatory diseases, current evidence is derived from studies on diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and while there are some reports studying psoriasis, data on PsA patients are not yet available. In this review, we provide a brief overview of psoriatic disease, psoriasis, and PsA, as well as HDACs, and discuss the rationale behind the potential use of HDAC inhibitors in the management of persistent inflammation to suggest its possible use in psoriatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehan Mohammad Nazri
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Elvin D de Araujo
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Canada
| | - Dziyana Kraskouskaya
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Canada
| | - Patrick T Gunning
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vinod Chandran
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Canada
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18
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Ito R, Miyanishi K, Kubo T, Hamaguchi K, Osuga T, Tanaka S, Ohnuma H, Murase K, Takada K, Nagayama M, Kimura Y, Mizuguchi T, Takemasa I, Kato J. Synergistic antitumor effect of histone deacetylase class IIa inhibitor with lenvatinib in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int 2023; 17:735-744. [PMID: 36738397 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-023-10484-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histone deacetylase (HDAC) class I and IIa are highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and associated with decreased survival. However, clinically used pan and class I inhibitors have serious adverse events. In this study, we assessed the antitumor effects and tolerability of class IIa HDAC inhibitor (HDACI) with lenvatinib, which is a standard therapy for HCC. METHODS AND RESULT Combination therapy with class IIa HDACI and lenvatinib exerted synergistic antitumor effect in human HCC cell lines. In mouse models, this therapy showed significant antitumor effects, and few adverse events occurred. In immunoblotting, the expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) was high in cell lines that showed a high antitumor effect. In addition, class IIa HDACI administration decreased the expression of FGFR4. In the small interfering RNA (siRNA) analysis, knockdown of HDAC9, which is an isoform of HDAC class IIa, reduced the expression of FGFR4 and induced apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry of human clinical specimens showed a positivity rate of 32% for FGFR4 and 84% for HDAC9 in HCC, and all FGFR4-positive patients were HDAC9 positive. CONCLUSION Class IIa HDACI and lenvatinib combination therapy induces apoptosis by downregulating FGFR4 and blocking the FGFR signaling in FGFR4-positive HCC cell lines and has demonstrated synergistic antitumor effects and safety. This combination therapy overcomes the problems of conventional therapies and will be beneficial for FGFR4-positive HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Ito
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Koji Miyanishi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Kubo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Kota Hamaguchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Takahiro Osuga
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Shingo Tanaka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan.,Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ohnuma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Murase
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Kohichi Takada
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Minoru Nagayama
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Yasutoshi Kimura
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Toru Mizuguchi
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan.,Postgraduate School of Health Science and Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takemasa
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Junji Kato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan
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19
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Zhai J, Kongsberg WH, Pan Y, Hao C, Wang X, Sun J. Caloric restriction induced epigenetic effects on aging. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 10:1079920. [PMID: 36712965 PMCID: PMC9880295 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1079920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the subject of many studies, facilitating the discovery of many interventions. Epigenetic influences numerous life processes by regulating gene expression and also plays a crucial role in aging regulation. Increasing data suggests that dietary changes can alter epigenetic marks associated with aging. Caloric restriction (CR)is considered an intervention to regulate aging and prolong life span. At present, CR has made some progress by regulating signaling pathways associated with aging as well as the mechanism of action of intercellular signaling molecules against aging. In this review, we will focus on autophagy and epigenetic modifications to elaborate the molecular mechanisms by which CR delays aging by triggering autophagy, epigenetic modifications, and the interaction between the two in caloric restriction. In order to provide new ideas for the study of the mechanism of aging and delaying aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jie Sun
- *Correspondence: Xiaojing Wang, ; Jie Sun,
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20
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Hristov AC, Tejasvi T, Wilcox RA. Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management. Am J Hematol 2023; 98:193-209. [PMID: 36226409 PMCID: PMC9772153 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
DISEASE OVERVIEW Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are a heterogenous group of T-cell neoplasms involving the skin, the majority of which may be classified as Mycosis Fungoides (MF) or Sézary Syndrome (SS). DIAGNOSIS The diagnosis of MF or SS requires the integration of clinical and histopathologic data. RISK-ADAPTED THERAPY TNMB (tumor, node, metastasis, blood) staging remains the most important prognostic factor in MF/SS and forms the basis for a "risk-adapted," multidisciplinary approach to treatment. For patients with disease limited to the skin, expectant management or skin-directed therapies is preferred, as both disease-specific and overall survival for these patients is favorable. In contrast, patients with advanced-stage disease with significant nodal, visceral or the blood involvement are generally approached with systemic therapies, including biologic-response modifiers, histone deacetylase inhibitors, or antibody-based strategies, in an escalating fashion. In highly-selected patients, allogeneic stem-cell transplantation may be considered, as this may be curative in some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra C. Hristov
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, 2800 Plymouth Road, Building 35, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800
| | - Trilokraj Tejasvi
- Department of Dermatology, 1910 Taubman Center, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Ryan A. Wilcox
- Correspondence to: Ryan Wilcox, MD, PhD, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Room 4310 CC, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5948, Phone: (734) 615-9799, Fax: (734) 936-7376,
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21
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Epimutations and Their Effect on Chromatin Organization: Exciting Avenues for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010215. [PMID: 36612210 PMCID: PMC9818548 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The three-dimensional architecture of genomes is complex. It is organized as fibers, loops, and domains that form high-order structures. By using different chromosome conformation techniques, the complex relationship between transcription and genome organization in the three-dimensional organization of genomes has been deciphered. Epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation and histone modification, are the hallmark of cancers. Tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis are linked to these epigenetic modifications. Epigenetic inhibitors can reverse these altered modifications. A number of epigenetic inhibitors have been approved by FDA that target DNA methylation and histone modification. This review discusses the techniques involved in studying the three-dimensional organization of genomes, DNA methylation and histone modification, epigenetic deregulation in cancer, and epigenetic therapies targeting the tumor.
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22
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Zhao L, Liang Q, He Y, Liu M, Tong R, Jiang Z, Wang W, Shi J. HDAC/JAK dual target inhibitors of cancer-related targets: The success of nonclearable linked pharmacophore mode. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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Garmpis N, Damaskos C, Dimitroulis D, Kouraklis G, Garmpi A, Sarantis P, Koustas E, Patsouras A, Psilopatis I, Antoniou EA, Karamouzis MV, Kontzoglou K, Nonni A. Clinical Significance of the Histone Deacetylase 2 (HDAC-2) Expression in Human Breast Cancer. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12101672. [PMID: 36294811 PMCID: PMC9604828 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12101672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM There is a strong association between malignancy and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) are now being tested as antitumor agents in various clinical trials. We aimed to assess the clinical importance of HDAC-2 in breast cancer (BC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 118 BC specimens were examined immunohistochemically. A statistical analysis was conducted in order to examine the relation between HDAC-2 and the clinicopathological features and survival of the patients. RESULTS Higher HDAC-2 expression was related to lobular histological type of cancer, grade III, and stage III BC. In addition, the disease-free period and overall survival were curtailed and negatively related to the over-expression of HDAC-2. Other factors correlating with worse survival were histological types other than ductal or lobular, and the stage of the disease. CONCLUSIONS This study showed a relationship between HDAC-2 and BC. Further studies are required in order to eventually potentiate the role of HDACIs as anticancer agents in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Garmpis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Damaskos
- N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Renal Transplantation Unit, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-694-846-7790
| | - Dimitrios Dimitroulis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Gregory Kouraklis
- Department of Surgery, Evgenideio Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Garmpi
- First Department of Propedeutic Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Sarantis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Koustas
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros Patsouras
- Second Department of Pulmonology, Sotiria General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Iason Psilopatis
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Efstathios A. Antoniou
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Michail V. Karamouzis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kontzoglou
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Afroditi Nonni
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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24
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Trtkova KS, Luzna P, Drozdkova DW, Cizkova K, Janovska L, Gursky J, Prukova D, Frydrych I, Hajduch M, Minarik J. The epigenetic impact of suberohydroxamic acid and 5‑Aza‑2'‑deoxycytidine on DNMT3B expression in myeloma cell lines differing in IL‑6 expression. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:321. [PMID: 36043519 PMCID: PMC9471560 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene inactivation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p16INK4a, p15INK4b and p21WAF is frequently mediated by promoter gene methylation, whereas histone deacetylases (HDACs) control gene expression through their ability to deacetylate proteins. The effect of suberohydroxamic acid (SBHA) and 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine (Decitabine) (DAC) treatments on the transcription of CDKN2A, CDKN2B and CDKN1A genes, and their effects on molecular biological behavior were examined in two myeloma cell lines, RPMI8226 and U266, which differ in p53-functionality and IL-6 expression. In both tested myeloma cell lines, a non-methylated state of the CDKN2B gene promoter region was detected with normal gene expression, and the same level of p15INK4b protein was detected by immunocytochemical staining. Furthermore, in myeloma cells treated with SBHA and DAC alone, the expression of both p15INK4b and p21WAF was significantly upregulated in RPMI8226 cells (p53-functional, without IL-6 expression), whereas in the U266 cell line (p53 deleted, expressing IL-6) only p21WAF expression was significantly increased. Moreover, the analysis revealed that treatment with DAC induced DNMT3B enhancement in U266 cells. In conclusion, in myeloma cells with IL-6 expression, significantly increased DNMT3B expression indicated the tumorigenic consequences of 5-Aza-2′deoxycytidine treatment, which requires careful use in diseases involving epigenetic dysregulation, such as multiple myeloma (MM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Smesny Trtkova
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 777 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Luzna
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 777 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Weiser Drozdkova
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 777 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Cizkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 777 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Janovska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 777 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Gursky
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 777 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Prukova
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Frydrych
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marian Hajduch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Minarik
- Department of Hemato‑Oncology, University Hospital Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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25
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Celesia A, Notaro A, Franzò M, Lauricella M, D’Anneo A, Carlisi D, Giuliano M, Emanuele S. The Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor ITF2357 (Givinostat) Targets Oncogenic BRAF in Melanoma Cells and Promotes a Switch from Pro-Survival Autophagy to Apoptosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081994. [PMID: 36009541 PMCID: PMC9405675 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACI) are epigenetic compounds that have been widely considered very promising antitumor agents. Here, we focus on the effects of the pan-HDAC inhibitor ITF2357 (Givinostat) in comparison with SAHA (Vorinostat) in melanoma cells bearing BRAF V600E oncogenic mutation. Our results indicate both ITF2357 and SAHA dose-dependently reduce the viability of BRAF-mutated SK-MEL-28 and A375 melanoma cells. The comparison of IC50 values revealed that ITF2357 was much more effective than SAHA. Interestingly, both inhibitors markedly decreased oncogenic BRAF protein expression levels, ITF2357 being the most effective compound. Moreover, the BRAF decrease induced by ITF2357 was accompanied by a decrease in the level of phospho-ERK1/2. The inhibitor of upstream MEK activity, U0126, reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and dramatically potentiated the antitumor effect of ITF2357, exacerbating the reduction in the BRAF level. ITF2357 stimulated an early pro-survival autophagic response, which was followed by apoptosis, as indicated by apoptotic markers evaluation and the protective effects exerted by the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VADfmk. Overall, our data indicate for the first time that ITF2357 targets oncogenic BRAF in melanoma cells and induces a switch from autophagy to classic apoptosis, thus representing a possible candidate in melanoma targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Celesia
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonietta Notaro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marzia Franzò
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marianna Lauricella
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella D’Anneo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Carlisi
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Michela Giuliano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (S.E.)
| | - Sonia Emanuele
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (S.E.)
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26
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Schirripa A, Sexl V, Kollmann K. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in malignant hematopoiesis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:916682. [PMID: 36033505 PMCID: PMC9403899 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.916682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell-cycle is a tightly orchestrated process where sequential steps guarantee cellular growth linked to a correct DNA replication. The entire cell division is controlled by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). CDK activation is balanced by the activating cyclins and CDK inhibitors whose correct expression, accumulation and degradation schedule the time-flow through the cell cycle phases. Dysregulation of the cell cycle regulatory proteins causes the loss of a controlled cell division and is inevitably linked to neoplastic transformation. Due to their function as cell-cycle brakes, CDK inhibitors are considered as tumor suppressors. The CDK inhibitors p16INK4a and p15INK4b are among the most frequently altered genes in cancer, including hematopoietic malignancies. Aberrant cell cycle regulation in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) bears severe consequences on hematopoiesis and provokes hematological disorders with a broad array of symptoms. In this review, we focus on the importance and prevalence of deregulated CDK inhibitors in hematological malignancies.
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27
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Mo H, Zhang R, Chen Y, Li S, Wang Y, Zou W, Lin Q, Zhao DG, Du Y, Zhang K, Ma YY. Synthesis and anticancer activity of novel histone deacetylase inhibitors that inhibit autophagy and induce apoptosis. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 243:114705. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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28
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Bamberg LV, Heigwer F, Wandmacher AM, Singh A, Betge J, Rindtorff N, Werner J, Josten J, Skabkina OV, Hinsenkamp I, Erdmann G, Röcken C, Ebert MP, Burgermeister E, Zhan T, Boutros M. Targeting euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferases sensitizes colorectal cancer to histone deacetylase inhibitors. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:1586-1601. [PMID: 35666536 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic dysregulation is an important feature of colorectal cancer (CRC). Combining epigenetic drugs with other antineoplastic agents is a promising treatment strategy for advanced cancers. Here, we exploited the concept of synthetic lethality to identify epigenetic targets that act synergistically with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors to reduce the growth of CRC. We applied a pooled CRISPR-Cas9 screen using a custom sgRNA library directed against 614 epigenetic regulators and discovered that knockout of the euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferases 1 and 2 (EHMT1/2) strongly enhanced the antiproliferative effect of clinically used HDAC inhibitors. Using tissue microarrays from 1066 CRC samples with different tumor stages, we showed that low EHMT2 protein expression is predominantly found in advanced CRC and associated with poor clinical outcome. Co-targeting of HDAC and EHMT1/2 with specific small molecule inhibitors synergistically reduced proliferation of CRC cell lines. Mechanistically, we used a high-throughput Western blot assay to demonstrate that both inhibitors elicited distinct cellular mechanisms to reduce tumor growth, including cell cycle arrest and modulation of autophagy. On the epigenetic level, the compounds increased H3K9 acetylation and reduced H3K9 dimethylation. Finally, we used a panel of patient-derived CRC organoids to show that HDAC and EHMT1/2 inhibition synergistically reduced tumor viability in advanced models of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Valentin Bamberg
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Internal Medicine II, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Florian Heigwer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Maxi Wandmacher
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ambika Singh
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Betge
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Internal Medicine II, Mannheim, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Junior Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology and Preclinical Models, Heidelberg, Germany.,DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Niklas Rindtorff
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Werner
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Josten
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olga Valerievna Skabkina
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Internal Medicine II, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Isabel Hinsenkamp
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Internal Medicine II, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Röcken
- Christian-Albrechts University, Department of Pathology, Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias P Ebert
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Internal Medicine II, Mannheim, Germany.,DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Internal Medicine II, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tianzuo Zhan
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Internal Medicine II, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Boutros
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
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29
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HDAC inhibitor and proteasome inhibitor induce cleavage and exosome-mediated secretion of HSP90 in mouse pluripotent stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 620:29-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Adhikari S, Bhattacharya A, Adhikary S, Singh V, Gadad S, Roy S, Das C. The paradigm of drug resistance in cancer: an epigenetic perspective. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:BSR20211812. [PMID: 35438143 PMCID: PMC9069444 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate and acquired resistance towards the conventional therapeutic regimen imposes a significant challenge for the successful management of cancer for decades. In patients with advanced carcinomas, acquisition of drug resistance often leads to tumor recurrence and poor prognosis after the first therapeutic cycle. In this context, cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered as the prime drivers of therapy resistance in cancer due to their 'non-targetable' nature. Drug resistance in cancer is immensely influenced by different properties of CSCs such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a profound expression of drug efflux pump genes, detoxification genes, quiescence, and evasion of apoptosis, has been highlighted in this review article. The crucial epigenetic alterations that are intricately associated with regulating different mechanisms of drug resistance, have been discussed thoroughly. Additionally, special attention is drawn towards the epigenetic mechanisms behind the interaction between the cancer cells and their microenvironment which assists in tumor progression and therapy resistance. Finally, we have provided a cumulative overview of the alternative treatment strategies and epigenome-modifying therapies that show the potential of sensitizing the resistant cells towards the conventional treatment strategies. Thus, this review summarizes the epigenetic and molecular background behind therapy resistance, the prime hindrance of present day anti-cancer therapies, and provides an account of the novel complementary epi-drug-based therapeutic strategies to combat drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagata Adhikari
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India
- Homi Bhaba National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Apoorva Bhattacharya
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Santanu Adhikary
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Vipin Singh
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India
- Homi Bhaba National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Shrikanth S. Gadad
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Center of Emphasis in Cancer, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, U.S.A
- Mays Cancer Center, UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson Cancer Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, U.S.A
| | - Siddhartha Roy
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Chandrima Das
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India
- Homi Bhaba National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
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Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Inhibitors: A Promising Weapon to Tackle Therapy Resistance in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073660. [PMID: 35409020 PMCID: PMC8998190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive malignant tumor, arising more commonly on the skin, while it can also occur on mucosal surfaces and the uveal tract of the eye. In the context of the unresectable and metastatic cases that account for the vast majority of melanoma-related deaths, the currently available therapeutic options are of limited value. The exponentially increasing knowledge in the field of molecular biology has identified epigenetic reprogramming and more specifically histone deacetylation (HDAC), as a crucial regulator of melanoma progression and as a key driver in the emergence of drug resistance. A variety of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have been developed and evaluated in multiple solid and hematologic malignancies, showing promising results. In melanoma, various experimental models have elucidated a critical role of histone deacetylases in disease pathogenesis. They could, therefore, represent a promising novel therapeutic approach for advanced disease. A number of clinical trials assessing the efficacy of HDACi have already been completed, while a few more are in progress. Despite some early promising signs, a lot of work is required in the field of clinical studies, and larger patient cohorts are needed in order for more valid conclusions to be extracted, regarding the potential of HDACi as mainstream treatment options for melanoma.
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Govindarajan V, Shah AH, Di L, Rivas S, Suter RK, Eichberg DG, Luther E, Lu V, Morell AA, Ivan ME, Komotar RJ, Ayad N, De La Fuente M. Systematic Review of Epigenetic Therapies for Treatment of IDH-mutant Glioma. World Neurosurg 2022; 162:47-56. [PMID: 35314408 PMCID: PMC9177782 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations are present in 70% of World Health Organization grade II and III gliomas. IDH mutation induces accumulation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate. Therefore, therapies targeting reversal of epigenetic dysregulation in gliomas have been suggested. However, the utility of epigenetic treatments in gliomas remains unclear. Here, we present the first clinical systematic review of epigenetic therapies in treatment of IDH-mutant gliomas and highlight their safety and efficacy. METHODS We conducted a systematic search of electronic databases from 2000 to January 2021 following PRISMA guidelines. Articles were screened to include clinical usage of epigenetic therapies in case reports, prospective case series, or clinical trials. Primary and secondary outcomes included safety/tolerability of epigenetic therapies and progression-free survival/overall survival, respectively. RESULTS A total of 133 patients across 8 clinical studies were included in our analysis. IDH inhibitors appear to have the best safety profile, with an overall grade 3/grade 4 adverse event rate of 9%. Response rates to IDH-mutant inhibitors were highest in nonenhancing gliomas (stable disease achieved in 55% of patients). In contrast, histone deacetylase inhibitors demonstrate a lower safety profile with single-study adverse events as high as 28%. CONCLUSION IDH inhibitors appear promising given their benign toxicity profile and ease of monitoring. Histone deacetylase inhibitors appear to have a narrow therapeutic index, as lower concentrations do not appear effective, while increased doses can produce severe immunosuppressive effects. Preliminary data suggest that epigenetic therapies are generally well tolerated and may control disease in certain patient groups, such as those with nonenhancing lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaidya Govindarajan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ashish H Shah
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
| | - Long Di
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sarah Rivas
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert K Suter
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Daniel G Eichberg
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Evan Luther
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Victor Lu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Alexis A Morell
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Michael E Ivan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ricardo J Komotar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Nagi Ayad
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Macarena De La Fuente
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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Shanmugam G, Rakshit S, Sarkar K. HDAC inhibitors: Targets for tumor therapy, immune modulation and lung diseases. Transl Oncol 2022; 16:101312. [PMID: 34922087 PMCID: PMC8688863 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that play a key role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression by remodeling chromatin. Inhibition of HDACs is a prospective therapeutic approach for reversing epigenetic alteration in several diseases. In preclinical research, numerous types of HDAC inhibitors were discovered to exhibit powerful and selective anticancer properties. However, such research has revealed that the effects of HDAC inhibitors may be far broader and more intricate than previously thought. This review will provide insight into the HDAC inhibitors and their mechanism of action with special emphasis on the significance of HDAC inhibitors in the treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and lung cancer. Nanocarrier-mediated HDAC inhibitor delivery and new approaches for targeting HDACs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Shanmugam
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Sudeshna Rakshit
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Koustav Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India.
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Feerick CL, McKernan DP. DNA methyltransferase inhibitors increase NOD-like receptor activity and expression in a monocytic cell line. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 44:99-109. [PMID: 34881658 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.2007264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: The intracellular NOD-like receptor (NLR) family of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRa) is involved in initiating the innate immune response of which NOD1 and NOD2 are the best-characterized members. Aberrant expression of NOD1 and NOD2 has been uncovered in a number of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis. However, the mechanism underlying NOD1/NOD2 gene expression regulation is still in its infancy. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation regulate the expression of genes and alterations in their patterns have been linked to many inflammatory diseases. This study investigated whether epigenetic modifying drugs affect the regulation of NOD1/NOD2 activity and expression. DNA methyltransferase inhibitors have recently been used in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome and as combination therapy in cancer but the full extent of their effects has not been quantified.Methods: Pharmacological inhibition of epigenetic enzymes in a human monocytic THP-1 cell line was carried out and NOD1/NOD2 expression and pro-inflammatory responses were quantified.Results: Cells primed with a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (but not a histone deacetylase [HDAC] inhibitor) were found to be consistently more responsive to NOD1/NOD2 stimulation and had increased basal expression.Conclusion: The novel experimentation carried out here suggests for the first time that NOD1/NOD2 receptor activity and expression in monocytes are possibly regulated directly by DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Feerick
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Declan P McKernan
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Fatima N, Baqri SSR, Bhattacharya A, Koney NKK, Husain K, Abbas A, Ansari RA. Role of Flavonoids as Epigenetic Modulators in Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Front Genet 2021; 12:758733. [PMID: 34858475 PMCID: PMC8630677 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.758733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation involves reversible changes in histones and DNA modifications that can be inherited without any changes in the DNA sequence. Dysregulation of normal epigenetic processes can lead to aberrant gene expression as observed in many diseases, notably cancer. Recent insights into the mechanisms of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs involved in altered gene expression profiles of tumor cells have caused a paradigm shift in the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches towards cancer. There has been a surge in search for compounds that could modulate the altered epigenetic landscape of tumor cells, and to exploit their therapeutic potential against cancers. Flavonoids are naturally occurring phenol compounds which are abundantly found among phytochemicals and have potentials to modulate epigenetic processes. Knowledge of the precise flavonoid-mediated epigenetic alterations is needed for the development of epigenetics drugs and combinatorial therapeutic approaches against cancers. This review is aimed to comprehensively explore the epigenetic modulations of flavonoids and their anti-tumor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishat Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, Shia Postgraduate College, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Atrayee Bhattacharya
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nii Koney-Kwaku Koney
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kazim Husain
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Ata Abbas
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Rais A Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of aminobenzamides containing purine moiety as class I histone deacetylases inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 56:116599. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Adimulam T, Arumugam T, Foolchand A, Ghazi T, Chuturgoon AA. The Effect of Organoselenium Compounds on Histone Deacetylase Inhibition and Their Potential for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312952. [PMID: 34884764 PMCID: PMC8657714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic and epigenetic changes alter gene expression, contributing to cancer. Epigenetic changes in cancer arise from alterations in DNA and histone modifications that lead to tumour suppressor gene silencing and the activation of oncogenes. The acetylation status of histones and non-histone proteins are determined by the histone deacetylases and histone acetyltransferases that control gene transcription. Organoselenium compounds have become promising contenders in cancer therapeutics. Apart from their anti-oxidative effects, several natural and synthetic organoselenium compounds and metabolites act as histone deacetylase inhibitors, which influence the acetylation status of histones and non-histone proteins, altering gene transcription. This review aims to summarise the effect of natural and synthetic organoselenium compounds on histone and non-histone protein acetylation/deacetylation in cancer therapy.
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Dietary Fibers: Effects, Underlying Mechanisms and Possible Role in Allergic Asthma Management. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114153. [PMID: 34836408 PMCID: PMC8621630 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of asthma is increasing, but the cause remains under debate. Research currently focuses on environmental and dietary factors that may impact the gut-lung axis. Dietary fibers are considered to play a crucial role in supporting diversity and activity of the microbiome, as well as immune homeostasis in the gut and lung. This review discusses the current state of knowledge on how dietary fibers and their bacterial fermentation products may affect the pathophysiology of allergic asthma. Moreover, the impact of dietary fibers on early type 2 asthma management, as shown in both pre-clinical and clinical studies, is described. Short-chain fatty acids, fiber metabolites, modulate host immunity and might reduce the risk of allergic asthma development. Underlying mechanisms include G protein-coupled receptor activation and histone deacetylase inhibition. These results are supported by studies in mice, children and adults with allergic asthma. Fibers might also exert direct effects on the immune system via yet to be elucidated mechanisms. However, the effects of specific types of fiber, dosages, duration of treatment, and combination with probiotics, need to be explored. There is an urgent need to further valorize the potential of specific dietary fibers in prevention and treatment of allergic asthma by conducting more large-scale dietary intervention trials.
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Rico T, Gilles M, Chauderlier A, Comptdaer T, Magnez R, Chwastyniak M, Drobecq H, Pinet F, Thuru X, Buée L, Galas MC, Lefebvre B. Tau Stabilizes Chromatin Compaction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:740550. [PMID: 34722523 PMCID: PMC8551707 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.740550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An extensive body of literature suggested a possible role of the microtubule-associated protein Tau in chromatin functions and/or organization in neuronal, non-neuronal, and cancer cells. How Tau functions in these processes remains elusive. Here we report that Tau expression in breast cancer cell lines causes resistance to the anti-cancer effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors, by preventing histone deacetylase inhibitor-inducible gene expression and remodeling of chromatin structure. We identify Tau as a protein recognizing and binding to core histone when H3 and H4 are devoid of any post-translational modifications or acetylated H4 that increases the Tau's affinity. Consistent with chromatin structure alterations in neurons found in frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Tau mutations did not prevent histone deacetylase-inhibitor-induced higher chromatin structure remodeling by suppressing Tau binding to histones. In addition, we demonstrate that the interaction between Tau and histones prevents further histone H3 post-translational modifications induced by histone deacetylase-inhibitor treatment by maintaining a more compact chromatin structure. Altogether, these results highlight a new cellular role for Tau as a chromatin reader, which opens new therapeutic avenues to exploit Tau biology in neuronal and cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Rico
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S1172, Alzheimer and Tauopathies, Lille, France
| | - Melissa Gilles
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S1172, Alzheimer and Tauopathies, Lille, France
| | - Alban Chauderlier
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S1172, Alzheimer and Tauopathies, Lille, France
| | - Thomas Comptdaer
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S1172, Alzheimer and Tauopathies, Lille, France
| | - Romain Magnez
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR 9020, UMR 1277, Canther, Platform of Integrative Chemical Biology, Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Lille, France
| | - Maggy Chwastyniak
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées Au Vieillissement, Lille, France
| | - Herve Drobecq
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR 9017, INSERM U1019, CHRU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Florence Pinet
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées Au Vieillissement, Lille, France
| | - Xavier Thuru
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR 9020, UMR 1277, Canther, Platform of Integrative Chemical Biology, Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Lille, France
| | - Luc Buée
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S1172, Alzheimer and Tauopathies, Lille, France
| | - Marie-Christine Galas
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S1172, Alzheimer and Tauopathies, Lille, France
| | - Bruno Lefebvre
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S1172, Alzheimer and Tauopathies, Lille, France
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He L, Jhong JH, Chen Q, Huang KY, Strittmatter K, Kreuzer J, DeRan M, Wu X, Lee TY, Slavov N, Haas W, Marneros AG. Global characterization of macrophage polarization mechanisms and identification of M2-type polarization inhibitors. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109955. [PMID: 34731634 PMCID: PMC8783961 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages undergoing M1- versus M2-type polarization differ significantly in their cell metabolism and cellular functions. Here, global quantitative time-course proteomics and phosphoproteomics paired with transcriptomics provide a comprehensive characterization of temporal changes in cell metabolism, cellular functions, and signaling pathways that occur during the induction phase of M1- versus M2-type polarization. Significant differences in, especially, metabolic pathways are observed, including changes in glucose metabolism, glycosaminoglycan metabolism, and retinoic acid signaling. Kinase-enrichment analysis shows activation patterns of specific kinases that are distinct in M1- versus M2-type polarization. M2-type polarization inhibitor drug screens identify drugs that selectively block M2- but not M1-type polarization, including mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. These datasets provide a comprehensive resource to identify specific signaling and metabolic pathways that are critical for macrophage polarization. In a proof-of-principle approach, we use these datasets to show that MEK signaling is required for M2-type polarization by promoting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ)-induced retinoic acid signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi He
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Jhih-Hua Jhong
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan; Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Kai-Yao Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Karin Strittmatter
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Johannes Kreuzer
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Michael DeRan
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Xu Wu
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Tzong-Yi Lee
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Nikolai Slavov
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wilhelm Haas
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Alexander G Marneros
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
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Hristov AC, Tejasvi T, Wilcox RA. Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: 2021 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management. Am J Hematol 2021; 96:1313-1328. [PMID: 34297414 PMCID: PMC8486344 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
DISEASE OVERVIEW Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are a heterogenous group of T-cell neoplasms involving the skin, the majority of which may be classified as Mycosis Fungoides (MF) or Sézary Syndrome (SS). DIAGNOSIS The diagnosis of MF or SS requires the integration of clinical and histopathologic data. RISK-ADAPTED THERAPY TNMB (tumor, node, metastasis, blood) staging remains the most important prognostic factor in MF/SS and forms the basis for a "risk-adapted," multi-disciplinary approach to treatment. For patients with disease limited to the skin, expectant management or skin-directed therapies is preferred, as both disease-specific and overall survival for these patients is favorable. In contrast, patients with advanced-stage disease with significant nodal, visceral or blood involvement are generally approached with systemic therapies, including biologic-response modifiers, histone deacetylase inhibitors, or antibody-based strategies, in an escalating fashion. In highly-selected patients, allogeneic stem-cell transplantation may be considered, as this may be curative in some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra C. Hristov
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, North Campus Research Complex, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Trilokraj Tejasvi
- Director Cutaneous Lymphoma program, Department of Dermatology, A. Alfred Taubman Health Care Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ryan A. Wilcox
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Carraway HE, Sawalha Y, Gojo I, Lee MJ, Lee S, Tomita Y, Yuno A, Greer J, Smith BD, Pratz KW, Levis MJ, Gore SD, Ghosh N, Dezern A, Blackford AL, Baer MR, Gore L, Piekarz R, Trepel JB, Karp JE. Phase 1 study of the histone deacetylase inhibitor entinostat plus clofarabine for poor-risk Philadelphia chromosome-negative (newly diagnosed older adults or adults with relapsed refractory disease) acute lymphoblastic leukemia or biphenotypic leukemia. Leuk Res 2021; 110:106707. [PMID: 34563945 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite advances in immunotherapies, the prognosis for adults with Philadelphia chromosome-negative, newly diagnosed (ND) or relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute lymphoblastic leukemia/acute biphenotypic leukemia (ALL/ABL) remains poor. The benzamide derivative entinostat inhibits histone deacetylase and induces histone hyperacetylation. The purine nucleoside analogue clofarabine is FDA-approved for R/R ALL in children 1-21 years of age. Low doses of clofarabine have been reported to induce DNA hypomethylation. We conducted a phase 1 study of low dose clofarabine with escalating doses of entinostat in adults with ND or R/R ALL/ABL. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Adults ≥60 years with ND ALL/ABL or ≥21 years with R/R ALL/ABL received repeated cycles every 3 weeks of entinostat (4 mg, 6 mg or 8 mg orally days 1 and 8) and clofarabine (10 mg/m2/day IV for 5 days, days 3-7) (Arm A). Adults aged 40-59 years with ND ALL/ABL or age ≥21 years in first relapse received entinostat and clofarabine prior to traditional chemotherapy on day 11 (Arm B). Changes in DNA damage, global protein lysine acetylation, myeloid-derived suppressor cells and monocytes were measured in PBMCs before and during therapy. RESULTS Twenty-eight patients were treated at three entinostat dose levels with the maximum administered dose being entinostat 8 mg. The regimen was well tolerated with infectious and metabolic derangements more common in the older population versus the younger cohort. There was no severe hyperglycemia and no peripheral neuropathy in this small study. There were 2 deaths (1 sepsis, 1 intracranial bleed). Overall response rate was 32 %; it was 50 % for ND ALL/ABL. Entinostat increased global protein acetylation and inhibited immunosuppressive monocyte subpopulations, while clofarabine induced DNA damage in all cell subsets examined. CONCLUSION Entinostat plus clofarabine appears to be tolerable and active in older adults with ND ALL/ABL, but less active in R/R patients. Further evaluation of this regimen in ND ALL/ABL appears warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetty E Carraway
- Hematology Oncology Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States.
| | - Yazeed Sawalha
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ivana Gojo
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Min-Jung Lee
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sunmin Lee
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yusuke Tomita
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Akira Yuno
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jackie Greer
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - B Douglas Smith
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Keith W Pratz
- The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark J Levis
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Steven D Gore
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP), National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nilanjan Ghosh
- Atrium Health, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, United States
| | - Amy Dezern
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Amanda L Blackford
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Maria R Baer
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lia Gore
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Richard Piekarz
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP), National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jane B Trepel
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Judith E Karp
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Liang Y, Mao Q, Wang L, Xia W, Chen B, Wang H, Li R, Xu L, Jiang F, Dong G. CircIMMP2L promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma malignant progression via CtBP1 nuclear retention dependent epigenetic modification. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e519. [PMID: 34586741 PMCID: PMC8473481 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive cancers. The two major lethal causes of ESCC are diagnosis at an advanced stage and lymph node metastasis (LNM). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play critical regulatory roles in cancer progression, though, largely through unclear mechanisms. However, the character of circRNAs in the malignant progression of ESCC remains unclear. METHODS The circRNA microarray was used to explore the circRNAs that were differentially expressed between ESCC and paired adjacent normal tissues. The function of circIMMP2L was validated by gain or loss of function assays. Pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation assays were used to demonstrate the biological mechanism of circIMMP2L. Tissue microarray (TMA), specimen, and paired plasma were investigated to evaluate the clinical significance of circIMMP2L. RESULTS CircIMMP2L, commonly upregulated in tumor and plasma from advanced-stage ESCC patients and LNM patients, predicts poorer patient survival. CircIMMP2L was also found to be a significant indicator for LNM, even in the T1 stage of ESCC. CircIMMP2L depletion suppressed the malignant progression of ESCC both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, cytoplasmic circIMMP2L interacted with CtBP1 and facilitated the nuclear retention of CtBP1 in a CtBP2-independent manner. Moreover, circIMMP2L promoted the interaction of CtBP1 with HDAC1 in the nucleus, which is essential for epigenetic remodeling and transcriptional suppression of E-cadherin and p21. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated that circIMMP2L promotes the malignant progression of ESCC mediated by CtBP1 nuclear retention and is a robust biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis, and LNM in ESCC. Further, the findings extend our knowledge about the mechanism of circRNA regulation of gene transcription through epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingkuan Liang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP.R. China
- Department of Thoracic Surgerythe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouP.R. China
| | - Qixing Mao
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP.R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Department of Geriatric Lung Cancer LaboratoryGeriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP.R. China
| | - Wenjie Xia
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP.R. China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP.R. China
| | - Rutao Li
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP.R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP.R. China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP.R. China
| | - Gaochao Dong
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP.R. China
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Epigenetic Changes Affecting the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164237. [PMID: 34439391 PMCID: PMC8392268 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma is a life-threatening disease. Despite many efforts to understand the exact pathogenesis and the signaling pathways involved in its formation, treatment remains unsatisfactory. Currently, an important function in the development of neoplastic diseases and treatment effects is attributed to changes taking place at the epigenetic level. Epigenetic studies revealed modified methylation patterns in HCC, dysfunction of enzymes engaged in the DNA methylation process, the aberrant function of non-coding RNAs, and a set of histone modifications that influence gene expression. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the role of epigenetics in the formation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a serious oncologic issue with still a dismal prognosis. So far, no key molecular mechanism that underlies its pathogenesis has been identified. Recently, by specific molecular approaches, many genetic and epigenetic changes arising during HCC pathogenesis were detected. Epigenetic studies revealed modified methylation patterns in HCC tumors, dysfunction of enzymes engaged in the DNA methylation process, and a set of histone modifications that influence gene expression. HCC cells are also influenced by the disrupted function of non-coding RNAs, such as micro RNAs and long non-coding RNAs. Moreover, a role of liver cancer stem cells in HCC development is becoming evident. The reversibility of epigenetic changes offers the possibility of influencing them and regulating their undesirable effects. All these data can be used not only to identify new therapeutic targets but also to predict treatment response. This review focuses on epigenetic changes in hepatocellular carcinoma and their possible implications in HCC therapy.
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Sharma R, Lythgoe MP, Slaich B, Patel N. Exploring the Epigenome in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasias. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4181. [PMID: 34439335 PMCID: PMC8394968 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasias are a diverse group of neoplasms with different characteristics in terms of site, biological behaviour and metastatic potential. In comparison to other cancers, they are genetically quiet, harbouring relatively few somatic mutations. It is increasingly becoming evident that epigenetic changes are as relevant, if not more so, as somatic mutations in promoting oncogenesis. Despite significant tumour heterogeneity, it is obvious that DNA methylation, histone and chromatin modifications and microRNA expression profiles are distinctive for GEP-NEN subtypes and may correlate with clinical outcome. This review summarises existing knowledge on epigenetic changes, identifying potential contributions to pathogenesis and oncogenesis. In particular, we focus on epigenetic changes pertaining to well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours, which make up the bulk of NENs. We also highlight both similarities and differences within the subtypes of GEP-NETs and how these relate and compare to other types of cancers. We relate epigenetic understanding to existing treatments and explore how this knowledge may be exploited in the development of novel treatment approaches, such as in theranostics and combining conventional treatment modalities. We consider potential barriers to epigenetic research in GEP-NENs and discuss strategies to optimise research and development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Sharma
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 ONN, UK;
| | - Mark P. Lythgoe
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 ONN, UK;
| | - Bhavandeep Slaich
- Department of Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (B.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Nishil Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (B.S.); (N.P.)
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Ciaffaglione V, Modica MN, Pittalà V, Romeo G, Salerno L, Intagliata S. Mutual Prodrugs of 5-Fluorouracil: From a Classic Chemotherapeutic Agent to Novel Potential Anticancer Drugs. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3496-3512. [PMID: 34415107 PMCID: PMC9290623 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of potent antitumor agents with a low toxicological profile against healthy cells is still one of the greatest challenges facing medicinal chemistry. In this context, the “mutual prodrug” approach has emerged as a potential tool to overcome undesirable physicochemical features and mitigate the side effects of approved drugs. Among broad‐spectrum chemotherapeutics available for clinical use today, 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) is one of the most representative, also included in the World Health Organization model list of essential medicines. Unfortunately, severe side effects and drug resistance phenomena are still the primary limits and drawbacks in its clinical use. This review describes the progress made over the last ten years in developing 5‐FU‐based mutual prodrugs to improve the therapeutic profile and achieve targeted delivery to cancer tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Ciaffaglione
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria N Modica
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Romeo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Loredana Salerno
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Intagliata
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
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Exploring novel capping framework: high substituent pyridine-hydroxamic acid derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 29:291-310. [PMID: 34297326 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-021-00406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a vital role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression due to their overexpression in several cancer forms. Therefore, these enzymes are considered as a potential anticancer drug target. Different synthetic and natural structures have been studied as HDACs inhibitors; based on available structural design information, the capping group is important for the biological activity due to the different interactions in the active site entrance. The present study aimed to analyze high substituted pyridine as a capping group, which included carrying out the synthesis, antiproliferative activity analysis, and docking studies of these novel compounds. METHODS To achieve the synthesis of these derivatives, four reaction steps were performed, generating desired products 15a-k. Their effects on cell proliferation and gene expression of p21, cyclin D1, and p53 were determined using the sulphorhodamine B (SRB) method and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The HDAC1, HDAC6, and HDAC8 isoforms were used for performing docking experiments with our 15a-k products. RESULT The products 15a-k were obtained in overall yields of 40-71%. Compounds 15j and 15k showed the highest antiproliferative activity in the breast (BT-474 and MDA-MB-231) and prostate (PC3) cancer cell lines at a concentration of 10 µM. These compounds increased p21 mRNA levels and decreased cyclin D1 and p53 gene expression. The docking study showed an increment in the strength, and in the number of interactions performed by the capping moiety of the tested molecules compared with SAHA; interactions displayed are mainly van der Waals, π-stacking, and hydrogen bond. CONCLUSION The synthesized compounds 2-thiophene (15j) and 2-furan (15k) pyridine displayed cell growth inhibition, regulation of genes related to cell cycle progression in highly metastatic cancer cell lines. The molecular coupling analysis performed with HDAC1, HDAC6 and HDAC8 showed an increment in the number of interactions performed by the capping moiety and consequently in the strength of the capping group interaction.
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48
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Karagiannis D, Rampias T. HDAC Inhibitors: Dissecting Mechanisms of Action to Counter Tumor Heterogeneity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3575. [PMID: 34298787 PMCID: PMC8307174 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intra-tumoral heterogeneity presents a major obstacle to cancer therapeutics, including conventional chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies. Stochastic events such as mutations, chromosomal aberrations, and epigenetic dysregulation, as well as micro-environmental selection pressures related to nutrient and oxygen availability, immune infiltration, and immunoediting processes can drive immense phenotypic variability in tumor cells. Here, we discuss how histone deacetylase inhibitors, a prominent class of epigenetic drugs, can be leveraged to counter tumor heterogeneity. We examine their effects on cellular processes that contribute to heterogeneity and provide insights on their mechanisms of action that could assist in the development of future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Karagiannis
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Theodoros Rampias
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Romero OA, Vilarrubi A, Alburquerque-Bejar JJ, Gomez A, Andrades A, Trastulli D, Pros E, Setien F, Verdura S, Farré L, Martín-Tejera JF, Llabata P, Oaknin A, Saigi M, Piulats JM, Matias-Guiu X, Medina PP, Vidal A, Villanueva A, Sanchez-Cespedes M. SMARCA4 deficient tumours are vulnerable to KDM6A/UTX and KDM6B/JMJD3 blockade. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4319. [PMID: 34262032 PMCID: PMC8280185 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24618-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the genetic inactivation of SMARCA4, a core component of the SWI/SNF-complex commonly found in cancer, there are no therapies that effectively target SMARCA4-deficient tumours. Here, we show that, unlike the cells with activated MYC oncogene, cells with SMARCA4 inactivation are refractory to the histone deacetylase inhibitor, SAHA, leading to the aberrant accumulation of H3K27me3. SMARCA4-mutant cells also show an impaired transactivation and significantly reduced levels of the histone demethylases KDM6A/UTX and KDM6B/JMJD3, and a strong dependency on these histone demethylases, so that its inhibition compromises cell viability. Administering the KDM6 inhibitor GSK-J4 to mice orthotopically implanted with SMARCA4-mutant lung cancer cells or primary small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcaemic type (SCCOHT), had strong anti-tumour effects. In this work we highlight the vulnerability of KDM6 inhibitors as a characteristic that could be exploited for treating SMARCA4-mutant cancer patients. SMARCA4 is commonly inactivated in lung and ovarian cancers. Here the authors show that SMARCA4-deficient tumours have significantly reduced levels of the histone demethylases KDM6s and a strong dependency on these demethylases for tumour growth, so that they are vulnerable to KDM6s inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio A Romero
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Andrea Vilarrubi
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan J Alburquerque-Bejar
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Gomez
- Rheumatology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alvaro Andrades
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I. Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
| | - Deborah Trastulli
- Genes and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Pros
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Setien
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Verdura
- Genes and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Farré
- Chemoresistance and Predictive Factors Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan F Martín-Tejera
- Chemoresistance and Predictive Factors Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Llabata
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Oaknin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebrón Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Saigi
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Piulats
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, IDIBELL, CIBERONC, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro P Medina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I. Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
| | - August Vidal
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, IDIBELL, CIBERONC, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Xenopat S.L., Parc Cientific de Barcelona (PCB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- Chemoresistance and Predictive Factors Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Xenopat S.L., Parc Cientific de Barcelona (PCB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montse Sanchez-Cespedes
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Ozyerli-Goknar E, Bagci-Onder T. Epigenetic Deregulation of Apoptosis in Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3210. [PMID: 34199020 PMCID: PMC8267644 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells possess the ability to evade apoptosis. Genetic alterations through mutations in key genes of the apoptotic signaling pathway represent a major adaptive mechanism of apoptosis evasion. In parallel, epigenetic changes via aberrant modifications of DNA and histones to regulate the expression of pro- and antiapoptotic signal mediators represent a major complementary mechanism in apoptosis regulation and therapy response. Most epigenetic changes are governed by the activity of chromatin modifying enzymes that add, remove, or recognize different marks on histones and DNA. Here, we discuss how apoptosis signaling components are deregulated at epigenetic levels, particularly focusing on the roles of chromatin-modifying enzymes in this process. We also review the advances in cancer therapies with epigenetic drugs such as DNMT, HMT, HDAC, and BET inhibitors, as well as their effects on apoptosis modulation in cancer cells. Rewiring the epigenome by drug interventions can provide therapeutic advantage for various cancers by reverting therapy resistance and leading cancer cells to undergo apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Ozyerli-Goknar
- Brain Cancer Research and Therapy Laboratory, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul 34450, Turkey;
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Tugba Bagci-Onder
- Brain Cancer Research and Therapy Laboratory, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul 34450, Turkey;
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
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