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Sou YS, Yamaguchi J, Masuda K, Uchiyama Y, Maeda Y, Koike M. Golgi pH homeostasis stabilizes the lysosomal membrane through N-glycosylation of membrane proteins. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402677. [PMID: 39079741 PMCID: PMC11289521 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein glycosylation plays a vital role in various cellular functions, many of which occur within the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi pH regulator (GPHR) is essential for the proper functioning of the Golgi apparatus. The lysosomal membrane contains highly glycosylated membrane proteins in abundance. This study investigated the role of the Golgi luminal pH in N-glycosylation of lysosomal membrane proteins and the effect of this protein modification on membrane stability using Gphr-deficient MEFs. We showed that Gphr deficiency causes an imbalance in the Golgi luminal pH, resulting in abnormal protein N-glycosylation, indicated by a reduction in sialylated glycans and markedly reduced molecular weight of glycoproteins. Further experiments using FRAP and PLA revealed that Gphr deficiency prevented the trafficking dynamics and proximity condition of glycosyltransferases in the Golgi apparatus. In addition, incomplete N-glycosylation of lysosomal membrane proteins affected lysosomal membrane stability, as demonstrated by the increased susceptibility to lysosomal damage. Thus, this study highlights the critical role of Golgi pH regulation in controlling protein glycosylation and the impact of Golgi dysfunction on lysosomal membrane stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shin Sou
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Junji Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Morphology and Image Analysis, Research Support Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Japan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Neuropathology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Masuda
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Uchiyama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Neuropathology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Maeda
- https://ror.org/035t8zc32 Department of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Masato Koike
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Japan
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2
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Voss M. Proteolytic cleavage of Golgi glycosyltransferases by SPPL3 and other proteases and its implications for cellular glycosylation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130668. [PMID: 38992482 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation of proteins and lipids is of fundamental importance in multicellular eukaryotes. The vast diversity of glycan structures observed is generated in the Golgi apparatus by the concerted activity of >100 distinct enzymes, which include glycosyltransferases and other glycan-modifying enzymes. Well-known for decades, the majority of these enzymes is released from the Golgi apparatus and subsequently secreted into the extracellular space following endoproteolytic cleavage, but the underlying molecular mechanisms and the physiological implications have remained unexplored. This review will summarize our current knowledge of Golgi enzyme proteolysis and secretion and will discuss its conceptual implications for the regulation of cellular glycosylation and the organization of the Golgi apparatus. A particular focus will lie on the intramembrane protease SPPL3, which recently emerged as key protease facilitating Golgi enzyme release and has since been shown to affect a multitude of glycosylation-dependent physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Voss
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
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3
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Yagi H, Tateo S, Saito T, Ohta Y, Nishi E, Obitsu S, Suzuki T, Seetaha S, Hellec C, Nakano A, Tojima T, Kato K. Deciphering the sub-Golgi localization of glycosyltransferases via 3D super-resolution imaging. Cell Struct Funct 2024; 49:47-55. [PMID: 38987202 DOI: 10.1247/csf.24008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus, a crucial organelle involved in protein processing, including glycosylation, exhibits complex sub-structures, i.e., cis-, medial, and trans-cisternae. This study investigated the distribution of glycosyltransferases within the Golgi apparatus of mammalian cells via 3D super-resolution imaging. Focusing on human glycosyltransferases involved in N-glycan modification, we found that even enzymes presumed to coexist in the same Golgi compartment exhibit nuanced variations in localization. By artificially making their N-terminal regions [composed of a cytoplasmic, transmembrane, and stem segment (CTS)] identical, it was possible to enhance the degree of their colocalization, suggesting the decisive role of this region in determining the sub-Golgi localization of enzymes. Ultimately, this study reveals the molecular codes within CTS regions as key determinants of glycosyltransferase localization, providing insights into precise control over the positioning of glycosyltransferases, and consequently, the interactions between glycosyltransferases and substrate glycoproteins as cargoes in the secretory pathway. This study advances our understanding of Golgi organization and opens avenues for programming the glycosylation of proteins for clinical applications.Key words: Golgi apparatus, glycosyltransferase, 3D super-resolution imaging, N-glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Yagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
| | - Seigo Tateo
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences
| | - Taiki Saito
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences
| | - Yusaku Ohta
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
| | - Emiko Nishi
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
| | - Saemi Obitsu
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
| | - Tatsuya Suzuki
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences
| | - Supaphorn Seetaha
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University
| | - Charles Hellec
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Akihiko Nakano
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics
| | - Takuro Tojima
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics
| | - Koichi Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences
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4
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Pinkeova A, Tomikova A, Bertokova A, Fabinyova E, Bartova R, Jane E, Hroncekova S, Sievert KD, Sokol R, Jirasko M, Kucera R, Eder IE, Horninger W, Klocker H, Ďubjaková P, Fillo J, Bertok T, Tkac J. Glycoprofiling of proteins as prostate cancer biomarkers: A multinational population study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300430. [PMID: 38498504 PMCID: PMC10947713 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The glycoprofiling of two proteins, the free form of the prostate-specific antigen (fPSA) and zinc-α-2-glycoprotein (ZA2G), was assessed to determine their suitability as prostate cancer (PCa) biomarkers. The glycoprofiling of proteins was performed by analysing changes in the glycan composition on fPSA and ZA2G using lectins (proteins that recognise glycans, i.e. complex carbohydrates). The specific glycoprofiling of the proteins was performed using magnetic beads (MBs) modified with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and antibodies that selectively enriched fPSA or ZA2G from human serum samples. Subsequently, the antibody-captured glycoproteins were incubated on lectin-coated ELISA plates. In addition, a novel glycoprotein standard (GPS) was used to normalise the assay. The glycoprofiling of fPSA and ZA2G was performed in human serum samples obtained from men undergoing a prostate biopsy after an elevated serum PSA, and prostate cancer patients with or without prior therapy. The results are presented in the form of an ROC (Receiver Operating Curve). A DCA (Decision Curve Analysis) to evaluate the clinical performance and net benefit of fPSA glycan-based biomarkers was also performed. While the glycoprofiling of ZA2G showed little promise as a potential PCa biomarker, the glycoprofiling of fPSA would appear to have significant clinical potential. Hence, the GIA (Glycobiopsy ImmunoAssay) test integrates the glycoprofiling of fPSA (i.e. two glycan forms of fPSA). The GIA test could be used for early diagnoses of PCa (AUC = 0.83; n = 559 samples) with a potential for use in therapy-monitoring (AUC = 0.90; n = 176 samples). Moreover, the analysis of a subset of serum samples (n = 215) revealed that the GIA test (AUC = 0.81) outperformed the PHI (Prostate Health Index) test (AUC = 0.69) in discriminating between men with prostate cancer and those with benign serum PSA elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pinkeova
- Glycanostics, Ltd., Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Institute of Chemistry, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | | | | | | | - Eduard Jane
- Glycanostics, Ltd., Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Institute of Chemistry, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | | | - Roman Sokol
- Private Urological Ambulance, Trencin, Slovak Republic
| | - Michal Jirasko
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Kucera
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunochemistry Diagnostics, University Hospital in Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Iris E. Eder
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Horninger
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helmut Klocker
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Juraj Fillo
- University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomas Bertok
- Glycanostics, Ltd., Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Institute of Chemistry, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jan Tkac
- Glycanostics, Ltd., Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Institute of Chemistry, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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5
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Braulke T, Carette JE, Palm W. Lysosomal enzyme trafficking: from molecular mechanisms to human diseases. Trends Cell Biol 2024; 34:198-210. [PMID: 37474375 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes degrade and recycle macromolecules that are delivered through the biosynthetic, endocytic, and autophagic routes. Hydrolysis of the different classes of macromolecules is catalyzed by about 70 soluble enzymes that are transported from the Golgi apparatus to lysosomes in a mannose 6-phosphate (M6P)-dependent process. The molecular machinery that generates M6P tags for receptor-mediated targeting of lysosomal enzymes was thought to be understood in detail. However, recent studies on the M6P pathway have identified a previously uncharacterized core component, yielded structural insights in known components, and uncovered functions in various human diseases. Here we review molecular mechanisms of lysosomal enzyme trafficking and discuss its relevance for rare lysosomal disorders, cancer, and viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Braulke
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, Cell Biology of Rare Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan E Carette
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wilhelm Palm
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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6
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Kaur D, Khan H, Grewal AK, Singh TG. Glycosylation: A new signaling paradigm for the neurovascular diseases. Life Sci 2024; 336:122303. [PMID: 38016576 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of life-threatening conditions with complicated pathogenesis involves neurovascular disorders encompassing Neurovascular unit (NVU) damage. The pathophysiology of NVU is characterized by several features including tissue hypoxia, stimulation of inflammatory and angiogenic processes, and the initiation of intricate molecular interactions, collectively leading to an elevation in blood-brain barrier permeability, atherosclerosis and ultimately, neurovascular diseases. The presence of compelling data about the significant involvement of the glycosylation in the development of diseases has sparked a discussion on whether the abnormal glycosylation may serve as a causal factor for neurovascular disorders, rather than being just recruited as a secondary player in regulating the critical events during the development processes like embryo growth and angiogenesis. An essential tool for both developing new anti-ischemic therapies and understanding the processes of ischemic brain damage is undertaking pre-clinical studies of neurovascular disorders. Together with the post-translational modification of proteins, the modulation of glycosylation and its enzymes implicates itself in several abnormal activities which are known to accelerate neuronal vasculopathy. Despite the failure of the majority of glycosylation-based preclinical and clinical studies over the past years, there is a significant probability to provide neuroprotection utilizing modern and advanced approaches to target abnormal glycosylation activity at embryonic stages as well. This article focuses on a variety of experimental evidence to postulate the interconnection between glycosylation and vascular disorders along with possible treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapinder Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Heena Khan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 140401, Punjab, India
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7
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Abstract
Proteins are workhorses in the cell; they form stable and more often dynamic, transient protein-protein interactions, assemblies, and networks and have an intimate interplay with DNA and RNA. These network interactions underlie fundamental biological processes and play essential roles in cellular function. The proximity-dependent biotinylation labeling approach combined with mass spectrometry (PL-MS) has recently emerged as a powerful technique to dissect the complex cellular network at the molecular level. In PL-MS, by fusing a genetically encoded proximity-labeling (PL) enzyme to a protein or a localization signal peptide, the enzyme is targeted to a protein complex of interest or to an organelle, allowing labeling of proximity proteins within a zoom radius. These biotinylated proteins can then be captured by streptavidin beads and identified and quantified by mass spectrometry. Recently engineered PL enzymes such as TurboID have a much-improved enzymatic activity, enabling spatiotemporal mapping with a dramatically increased signal-to-noise ratio. PL-MS has revolutionized the way we perform proteomics by overcoming several hurdles imposed by traditional technology, such as biochemical fractionation and affinity purification mass spectrometry. In this review, we focus on biotin ligase-based PL-MS applications that have been, or are likely to be, adopted by the plant field. We discuss the experimental designs and review the different choices for engineered biotin ligases, enrichment, and quantification strategies. Lastly, we review the validation and discuss future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Ling Xu
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, USA;
- Carnegie Mass Spectrometry Facility, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Ruben Shrestha
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, USA;
| | - Sumudu S Karunadasa
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, USA;
| | - Pei-Qiao Xie
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, USA;
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
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8
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Ben Ahmed A, Lemaire Q, Scache J, Mariller C, Lefebvre T, Vercoutter-Edouart AS. O-GlcNAc Dynamics: The Sweet Side of Protein Trafficking Regulation in Mammalian Cells. Cells 2023; 12:1396. [PMID: 37408229 PMCID: PMC10216988 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The transport of proteins between the different cellular compartments and the cell surface is governed by the secretory pathway. Alternatively, unconventional secretion pathways have been described in mammalian cells, especially through multivesicular bodies and exosomes. These highly sophisticated biological processes rely on a wide variety of signaling and regulatory proteins that act sequentially and in a well-orchestrated manner to ensure the proper delivery of cargoes to their final destination. By modifying numerous proteins involved in the regulation of vesicular trafficking, post-translational modifications (PTMs) participate in the tight regulation of cargo transport in response to extracellular stimuli such as nutrient availability and stress. Among the PTMs, O-GlcNAcylation is the reversible addition of a single N-acetylglucosamine monosaccharide (GlcNAc) on serine or threonine residues of cytosolic, nuclear, and mitochondrial proteins. O-GlcNAc cycling is mediated by a single couple of enzymes: the O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) which catalyzes the addition of O-GlcNAc onto proteins, and the O-GlcNAcase (OGA) which hydrolyses it. Here, we review the current knowledge on the emerging role of O-GlcNAc modification in the regulation of protein trafficking in mammalian cells, in classical and unconventional secretory pathways.
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9
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Taylor RJ, Tagiltsev G, Briggs JAG. The structure of COPI vesicles and regulation of vesicle turnover. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:819-835. [PMID: 36513395 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
COPI-coated vesicles mediate transport between Golgi stacks and retrograde transport from the Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum. The COPI coat exists as a stable heptameric complex in the cytosol termed coatomer and is recruited en bloc to the membrane for vesicle formation. Recruitment of COPI onto membranes is mediated by the Arf family of small GTPases, which, in their GTP-bound state, bind both membrane and coatomer. Arf GTPases also influence cargo selection, vesicle scission and vesicle uncoating. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) regulate nucleotide binding by Arf GTPases. To understand the mechanism of COPI-coated vesicle trafficking, it is necessary to characterize the interplay between coatomer and Arf GTPases and their effectors. It is also necessary to understand interactions between coatomer and cargo, cargo adaptors/receptors and tethers facilitating binding to the target membrane. Here, we summarize current knowledge of COPI coat protein structure; we describe how structural and biochemical studies contributed to this knowledge; we review mechanistic insights into COPI vesicle biogenesis and disassembly; and we discuss the potential to answer open questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Taylor
- Department of Cell and Virus Structure, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Grigory Tagiltsev
- Department of Cell and Virus Structure, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - John A G Briggs
- Department of Cell and Virus Structure, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
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10
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Sumya FT, Pokrovskaya ID, D'Souza Z, Lupashin VV. Acute COG complex inactivation unveiled its immediate impact on Golgi and illuminated the nature of intra-Golgi recycling vesicles. Traffic 2023; 24:52-75. [PMID: 36468177 PMCID: PMC9969905 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Conserved Oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex controls Golgi trafficking and glycosylation, but the precise COG mechanism is unknown. The auxin-inducible acute degradation system was employed to investigate initial defects resulting from COG dysfunction. We found that acute COG inactivation caused a massive accumulation of COG-dependent (CCD) vesicles that carry the bulk of Golgi enzymes and resident proteins. v-SNAREs (GS15, GS28) and v-tethers (giantin, golgin84, and TMF1) were relocalized into CCD vesicles, while t-SNAREs (STX5, YKT6), t-tethers (GM130, p115), and most of Rab proteins remained Golgi-associated. Airyscan microscopy and velocity gradient analysis revealed that different Golgi residents are segregated into different populations of CCD vesicles. Acute COG depletion significantly affected three Golgi-based vesicular coats-COPI, AP1, and GGA, suggesting that COG uniquely orchestrates tethering of multiple types of intra-Golgi CCD vesicles produced by different coat machineries. This study provided the first detailed view of primary cellular defects associated with COG dysfunction in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Taher Sumya
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Irina D. Pokrovskaya
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Zinia D'Souza
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Vladimir V. Lupashin
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
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11
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Truberg J, Hobohm L, Jochimsen A, Desel C, Schweizer M, Voss M. Endogenous tagging reveals a mid-Golgi localization of the glycosyltransferase-cleaving intramembrane protease SPPL3. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119345. [PMID: 36007678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Numerous Golgi-resident enzymes implicated in glycosylation are regulated by the conserved intramembrane protease SPPL3. SPPL3-catalyzed endoproteolysis separates Golgi enzymes from their membrane anchors, enabling subsequent release from the Golgi and secretion. Experimentally altered SPPL3 expression changes glycosylation patterns, yet the regulation of SPPL3-mediated Golgi enzyme cleavage is not understood and conflicting results regarding the subcellular localization of SPPL3 have been reported. Here, we used precise genome editing to generate isogenic cell lines expressing N- or C-terminally tagged SPPL3 from its endogenous locus. Using these cells, we conducted co-localization analyses of tagged endogenous SPPL3 and Golgi markers under steady-state conditions and upon treatment with drugs disrupting Golgi organization. Our data demonstrate that endogenous SPPL3 is Golgi-resident and found predominantly in the mid-Golgi. We find that endogenous SPPL3 co-localizes with its substrates but similarly with non-substrate type II proteins, demonstrating that in addition to co-localization in the Golgi other substrate-intrinsic properties govern SPPL3-mediated intramembrane proteolysis. Given the prevalence of SPPL3-mediated cleavage among Golgi-resident proteins our results have important implications for the regulation of SPPL3 and its role in the organization of the Golgi glycosylation machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jule Truberg
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Rudolf-Höber-Str. 1, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Laura Hobohm
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Rudolf-Höber-Str. 1, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Jochimsen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Rudolf-Höber-Str. 1, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christine Desel
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Rudolf-Höber-Str. 1, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Michaela Schweizer
- Morphology and Electron Microscopy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Voss
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Rudolf-Höber-Str. 1, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
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12
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Ruggiero FM, Martínez-Koteski N, Fidelio GD, Vilcaes AA, Daniotti JL. Golgi Phosphoprotein 3 Regulates the Physical Association of Glycolipid Glycosyltransferases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10354. [PMID: 36142273 PMCID: PMC9499508 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolipid glycosylation is an intricate process that mainly takes place in the Golgi by the complex interplay between glycosyltransferases. Several features such as the organization, stoichiometry and composition of these complexes may modify their sorting properties, sub-Golgi localization, enzymatic activity and in consequence, the pattern of glycosylation at the plasma membrane. In spite of the advance in our comprehension about physiological and pathological cellular states of glycosylation, the molecular basis underlying the metabolism of glycolipids and the players involved in this process remain not fully understood. In the present work, using biochemical and fluorescence microscopy approaches, we demonstrate the existence of a physical association between two ganglioside glycosyltransferases, namely, ST3Gal-II (GD1a synthase) and β3GalT-IV (GM1 synthase) with Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) in mammalian cultured cells. After GOLPH3 knockdown, the localization of both enzymes was not affected, but the fomation of ST3Gal-II/β3GalT-IV complex was compromised and glycolipid expression pattern changed. Our results suggest a novel control mechanism of glycolipid expression through the regulation of the physical association between glycolipid glycosyltransferases mediated by GOLPH3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando M. Ruggiero
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Natalia Martínez-Koteski
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Gerardo D. Fidelio
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Aldo A. Vilcaes
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Jose L. Daniotti
- CIQUIBIC (UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
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13
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Dworkin LA, Clausen H, Joshi HJ. Applying transcriptomics to studyglycosylation at the cell type level. iScience 2022; 25:104419. [PMID: 35663018 PMCID: PMC9156939 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex multi-step process of glycosylation occurs in a single cell, yet current analytics generally cannot measure the output (the glycome) of a single cell. Here, we addressed this discordance by investigating how single cell RNA-seq data can be used to characterize the state of the glycosylation machinery and metabolic network in a single cell. The metabolic network involves 214 glycosylation and modification enzymes outlined in our previously built atlas of cellular glycosylation pathways. We studied differential mRNA regulation of enzymes at the organ and single cell level, finding that most of the general protein and lipid oligosaccharide scaffolds are produced by enzymes exhibiting limited transcriptional regulation among cells. We predict key enzymes within different glycosylation pathways to be highly transcriptionally regulated as regulatable hotspots of the cellular glycome. We designed the Glycopacity software that enables investigators to extract and interpret glycosylation information from transcriptome data and define hotspots of regulation. RNA-seq can provide information on the glycosylation metabolic network state It is possible to readout glycosylation capacity from single cell RNA-seq data Genes regulating the biosynthesis of common glycan scaffolds show little regulation Key enzymes in the glycosylation network are predicted to be regulatable hotspots
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Alexander Dworkin
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Hiren Jitendra Joshi
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Corresponding author
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14
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Sahu P, Balakrishnan A, Di Martino R, Luini A, Russo D. Role of the Mosaic Cisternal Maturation Machinery in Glycan Synthesis and Oncogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:842448. [PMID: 35465326 PMCID: PMC9019784 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.842448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is associated with the deregulation of multiple processes, among which the glycosylation of lipids and proteins is one of the most extensively affected. However, in most cases, it remains unclear whether aberrant glycosylation is a cause, a link in the pathogenetic chain, or a mere consequence of tumorigenesis. In other cases, instead, studies have shown that aberrant glycans can promote oncogenesis. To comprehend how aberrant glycans are generated it is necessary to clarify the underlying mechanisms of glycan synthesis at the Golgi apparatus, which are still poorly understood. Important factors that determine the glycosylation potential of the Golgi apparatus are the levels and intra-Golgi localization of the glycosylation enzymes. These factors are regulated by the process of cisternal maturation which transports the cargoes through the Golgi apparatus while retaining the glycosylation enzymes in the organelle. This mechanism has till now been considered a single, house-keeping and constitutive function. Instead, we here propose that it is a mosaic of pathways, each controlling specific set of functionally related glycosylation enzymes. This changes the conception of cisternal maturation from a constitutive to a highly regulated function. In this new light, we discuss potential new groups oncogenes among the cisternal maturation machinery that can contribute to aberrant glycosylation observed in cancer cells. Further, we also discuss the prospects of novel anticancer treatments targeting the intra-Golgi trafficking process, particularly the cisternal maturation mechanism, to control/inhibit the production of pro-tumorigenic glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - A. Luini
- *Correspondence: A. Luini, ; D. Russo,
| | - D. Russo
- *Correspondence: A. Luini, ; D. Russo,
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15
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Zhang N, Zabotina OA. Critical Determinants in ER-Golgi Trafficking of Enzymes Involved in Glycosylation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11030428. [PMID: 35161411 PMCID: PMC8840164 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
All living cells generate structurally complex and compositionally diverse spectra of glycans and glycoconjugates, critical for organismal evolution, development, functioning, defense, and survival. Glycosyltransferases (GTs) catalyze the glycosylation reaction between activated sugar and acceptor substrate to synthesize a wide variety of glycans. GTs are distributed among more than 130 gene families and are involved in metabolic processes, signal pathways, cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis, cell development, and growth. Glycosylation mainly takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi, where GTs and glycosidases involved in this process are distributed to different locations of these compartments and sequentially add or cleave various sugars to synthesize the final products of glycosylation. Therefore, delivery of these enzymes to the proper locations, the glycosylation sites, in the cell is essential and involves numerous secretory pathway components. This review presents the current state of knowledge about the mechanisms of protein trafficking between ER and Golgi. It describes what is known about the primary components of protein sorting machinery and trafficking, which are recognition sites on the proteins that are important for their interaction with the critical components of this machinery.
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16
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Tankyrase-1-mediated degradation of Golgin45 regulates glycosyltransferase trafficking and protein glycosylation in Rab2-GTP-dependent manner. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1370. [PMID: 34876695 PMCID: PMC8651787 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02899-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered glycosylation plays an important role during development and is also a hallmark of increased tumorigenicity and metastatic potentials of several cancers. We report here that Tankyrase-1 (TNKS1) controls protein glycosylation by Poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) of a Golgi structural protein, Golgin45, at the Golgi. TNKS1 is a Golgi-localized peripheral membrane protein that plays various roles throughout the cell, ranging from telomere maintenance to Glut4 trafficking. Our study indicates that TNKS1 localization to the Golgi apparatus is mediated by Golgin45. TNKS1-dependent control of Golgin45 protein stability influences protein glycosylation, as shown by Glycomic analysis. Further, FRAP experiments indicated that Golgin45 protein level modulates Golgi glycosyltransferease trafficking in Rab2-GTP-dependent manner. Taken together, these results suggest that TNKS1-dependent regulation of Golgin45 may provide a molecular underpinning for altered glycosylation at the Golgi during development or oncogenic transformation.
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17
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Toustou C, Walet-Balieu ML, Kiefer-Meyer MC, Houdou M, Lerouge P, Foulquier F, Bardor M. Towards understanding the extensive diversity of protein N-glycan structures in eukaryotes. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 97:732-748. [PMID: 34873817 PMCID: PMC9300197 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
N‐glycosylation is an important post‐translational modification of proteins that has been highly conserved during evolution and is found in Eukaryota, Bacteria and Archaea. In eukaryotes, N‐glycan processing is sequential, involving multiple specific steps within the secretory pathway as proteins travel through the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. In this review, we first summarize the different steps of the N‐glycan processing and further describe recent findings regarding the diversity of N‐glycan structures in eukaryotic clades. This comparison allows us to explore the different regulation mechanisms of N‐glycan processing among eukaryotic clades. Recent findings regarding the regulation of protein N‐glycosylation are highlighted, especially the regulation of the biosynthesis of complex‐type N‐glycans through manganese and calcium homeostasis and the specific role of transmembrane protein 165 (TMEM165) for which homologous sequences have been identified in several eukaryotic clades. Further research will be required to characterize the function of TMEM165 homologous sequences in different eukaryotic clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Toustou
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire végétale (Glyco-MEV) EA4358, Mont-Saint-Aignan, 76821, France
| | - Marie-Laure Walet-Balieu
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire végétale (Glyco-MEV) EA4358, Mont-Saint-Aignan, 76821, France
| | - Marie-Christine Kiefer-Meyer
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire végétale (Glyco-MEV) EA4358, Mont-Saint-Aignan, 76821, France
| | - Marine Houdou
- Univ Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, F-59000, France.,Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Box 802, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Patrice Lerouge
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire végétale (Glyco-MEV) EA4358, Mont-Saint-Aignan, 76821, France
| | - François Foulquier
- Univ Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - Muriel Bardor
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire végétale (Glyco-MEV) EA4358, Mont-Saint-Aignan, 76821, France.,Univ Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, F-59000, France
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18
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D’Souza Z, Sumya FT, Khakurel A, Lupashin V. Getting Sugar Coating Right! The Role of the Golgi Trafficking Machinery in Glycosylation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123275. [PMID: 34943782 PMCID: PMC8699264 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi is the central organelle of the secretory pathway and it houses the majority of the glycosylation machinery, which includes glycosylation enzymes and sugar transporters. Correct compartmentalization of the glycosylation machinery is achieved by retrograde vesicular trafficking as the secretory cargo moves forward by cisternal maturation. The vesicular trafficking machinery which includes vesicular coats, small GTPases, tethers and SNAREs, play a major role in coordinating the Golgi trafficking thereby achieving Golgi homeostasis. Glycosylation is a template-independent process, so its fidelity heavily relies on appropriate localization of the glycosylation machinery and Golgi homeostasis. Mutations in the glycosylation enzymes, sugar transporters, Golgi ion channels and several vesicle tethering factors cause congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) which encompass a group of multisystem disorders with varying severities. Here, we focus on the Golgi vesicle tethering and fusion machinery, namely, multisubunit tethering complexes and SNAREs and their role in Golgi trafficking and glycosylation. This review is a comprehensive summary of all the identified CDG causing mutations of the Golgi trafficking machinery in humans.
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19
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Cakir M, Obernier K, Forget A, Krogan NJ. Target Discovery for Host-Directed Antiviral Therapies: Application of Proteomics Approaches. mSystems 2021; 6:e0038821. [PMID: 34519533 PMCID: PMC8547474 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00388-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Current epidemics, such as AIDS or flu, and the emergence of new threatening pathogens, such as the one causing the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, represent major global health challenges. While vaccination is an important part of the arsenal to counter the spread of viral diseases, it presents limitations and needs to be complemented by efficient therapeutic solutions. Intricate knowledge of host-pathogen interactions is a powerful tool to identify host-dependent vulnerabilities that can be exploited to dampen viral replication. Such host-directed antiviral therapies are promising and are less prone to the development of drug-resistant viral strains. Here, we first describe proteomics-based strategies that allow the rapid characterization of host-pathogen interactions. We then discuss how such data can be exploited to help prioritize compounds with potential host-directed antiviral activity that can be tested in preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Cakir
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI) COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kirsten Obernier
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI) COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Antoine Forget
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI) COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nevan J. Krogan
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI) COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
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20
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Pothukuchi P, Agliarulo I, Pirozzi M, Rizzo R, Russo D, Turacchio G, Nüchel J, Yang JS, Gehin C, Capolupo L, Hernandez-Corbacho MJ, Biswas A, Vanacore G, Dathan N, Nitta T, Henklein P, Thattai M, Inokuchi JI, Hsu VW, Plomann M, Obeid LM, Hannun YA, Luini A, D'Angelo G, Parashuraman S. GRASP55 regulates intra-Golgi localization of glycosylation enzymes to control glycosphingolipid biosynthesis. EMBO J 2021; 40:e107766. [PMID: 34516001 PMCID: PMC8521277 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021107766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus, the main glycosylation station of the cell, consists of a stack of discontinuous cisternae. Glycosylation enzymes are usually concentrated in one or two specific cisternae along the cis‐trans axis of the organelle. How such compartmentalized localization of enzymes is achieved and how it contributes to glycosylation are not clear. Here, we show that the Golgi matrix protein GRASP55 directs the compartmentalized localization of key enzymes involved in glycosphingolipid (GSL) biosynthesis. GRASP55 binds to these enzymes and prevents their entry into COPI‐based retrograde transport vesicles, thus concentrating them in the trans‐Golgi. In genome‐edited cells lacking GRASP55, or in cells expressing mutant enzymes without GRASP55 binding sites, these enzymes relocate to the cis‐Golgi, which affects glycosphingolipid biosynthesis by changing flux across metabolic branch points. These findings reveal a mechanism by which a matrix protein regulates polarized localization of glycosylation enzymes in the Golgi and controls competition in glycan biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathyush Pothukuchi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilenia Agliarulo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Marinella Pirozzi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rizzo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Russo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Turacchio
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Julian Nüchel
- Medical Faculty, Center for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jia-Shu Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charlotte Gehin
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laura Capolupo
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Ansuman Biswas
- National Center of Biological Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Giovanna Vanacore
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Nina Dathan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Takahiro Nitta
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Petra Henklein
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin Institut für Biochemie Charité CrossOver Charitéplatz 1 / Sitz, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mukund Thattai
- National Center of Biological Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Jin-Ichi Inokuchi
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Victor W Hsu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Markus Plomann
- Medical Faculty, Center for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Alberto Luini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni D'Angelo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy.,École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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21
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Sun X, Mahajan D, Chen B, Song Z, Lu L. A quantitative study of the Golgi retention of glycosyltransferases. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:272560. [PMID: 34533190 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
How Golgi glycosyltransferases and glycosidases (hereafter glycosyltransferases) localize to the Golgi is still unclear. Here, we first investigated the post-Golgi trafficking of glycosyltransferases. We found that glycosyltransferases can escape the Golgi to the plasma membrane, where they are subsequently endocytosed to the endolysosome. Post-Golgi glycosyltransferases are probably degraded by ectodomain shedding. We discovered that most glycosyltransferases are not retrieved from post-Golgi sites, indicating that retention rather than retrieval is the primary mechanism for their Golgi localization. We therefore used the Golgi residence time to study Golgi retention of glycosyltransferases quantitatively and systematically. Quantitative analysis of chimeras of ST6GAL1 and either transferrin receptor or tumor necrosis factor α revealed the contributions of three regions of ST6GAL1, namely the N-terminal cytosolic tail, the transmembrane domain and the ectodomain, to Golgi retention. We found that each of the three regions is sufficient for Golgi retention in an additive manner. N-terminal cytosolic tail length negatively affects the Golgi retention of ST6GAL1, similar to effects observed for the transmembrane domain. Therefore, the long N-terminal cytosolic tail and transmembrane domain could act as Golgi export signals for transmembrane secretory cargos. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Sun
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore637551
| | - Divyanshu Mahajan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore637551
| | - Bing Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore637551
| | - Zhiwei Song
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros, Singapore138668
| | - Lei Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore637551
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22
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Welch LG, Peak-Chew SY, Begum F, Stevens TJ, Munro S. GOLPH3 and GOLPH3L are broad-spectrum COPI adaptors for sorting into intra-Golgi transport vesicles. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:e202106115. [PMID: 34473204 PMCID: PMC8421267 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202106115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The fidelity of Golgi glycosylation is, in part, ensured by compartmentalization of enzymes within the stack. The COPI adaptor GOLPH3 has been shown to interact with the cytoplasmic tails of a subset of Golgi enzymes and direct their retention. However, other mechanisms of retention, and other roles for GOLPH3, have been proposed, and a comprehensive characterization of the clientele of GOLPH3 and its paralogue GOLPH3L is lacking. GOLPH3's role is of particular interest as it is frequently amplified in several solid tumor types. Here, we apply two orthogonal proteomic methods to identify GOLPH3+3L clients and find that they act in diverse glycosylation pathways or have other roles in the Golgi. Binding studies, bioinformatics, and a Golgi retention assay show that GOLPH3+3L bind the cytoplasmic tails of their clients through membrane-proximal positively charged residues. Furthermore, deletion of GOLPH3+3L causes multiple defects in glycosylation. Thus, GOLPH3+3L are major COPI adaptors that impinge on most, if not all, of the glycosylation pathways of the Golgi.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sean Munro
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
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23
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Abstract
In this issue of JCB, Welch et al. (2021. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202106115) show that GOLPH3 mediates the sorting of numerous Golgi proteins into recycling COPI transport vesicles. This explains how many resident proteins are retained at the Golgi and reveals a key role for GOLPH3 in maintaining Golgi homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lowe
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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24
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Sechi S, Karimpour-Ghahnavieh A, Frappaolo A, Di Francesco L, Piergentili R, Schininà E, D’Avino PP, Giansanti MG. Identification of GOLPH3 Partners in Drosophila Unveils Potential Novel Roles in Tumorigenesis and Neural Disorders. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092336. [PMID: 34571985 PMCID: PMC8468827 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) is a highly conserved peripheral membrane protein localized to the Golgi apparatus and the cytosol. GOLPH3 binding to Golgi membranes depends on phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate [PI(4)P] and regulates Golgi architecture and vesicle trafficking. GOLPH3 overexpression has been correlated with poor prognosis in several cancers, but the molecular mechanisms that link GOLPH3 to malignant transformation are poorly understood. We recently showed that PI(4)P-GOLPH3 couples membrane trafficking with contractile ring assembly during cytokinesis in dividing Drosophila spermatocytes. Here, we use affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry (AP-MS) to identify the protein-protein interaction network (interactome) of Drosophila GOLPH3 in testes. Analysis of the GOLPH3 interactome revealed enrichment for proteins involved in vesicle-mediated trafficking, cell proliferation and cytoskeleton dynamics. In particular, we found that dGOLPH3 interacts with the Drosophila orthologs of Fragile X mental retardation protein and Ataxin-2, suggesting a potential role in the pathophysiology of disorders of the nervous system. Our findings suggest novel molecular targets associated with GOLPH3 that might be relevant for therapeutic intervention in cancers and other human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sechi
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (S.S.); (A.K.-G.); (A.F.); (R.P.)
| | - Angela Karimpour-Ghahnavieh
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (S.S.); (A.K.-G.); (A.F.); (R.P.)
| | - Anna Frappaolo
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (S.S.); (A.K.-G.); (A.F.); (R.P.)
| | - Laura Di Francesco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (L.D.F.); (E.S.)
| | - Roberto Piergentili
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (S.S.); (A.K.-G.); (A.F.); (R.P.)
| | - Eugenia Schininà
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (L.D.F.); (E.S.)
| | - Pier Paolo D’Avino
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK;
| | - Maria Grazia Giansanti
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (S.S.); (A.K.-G.); (A.F.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-064-991-2555
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25
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Marom R, Burrage LC, Venditti R, Clément A, Blanco-Sánchez B, Jain M, Scott DA, Rosenfeld JA, Sutton VR, Shinawi M, Mirzaa G, DeVile C, Roberts R, Calder AD, Allgrove J, Grafe I, Lanza DG, Li X, Joeng KS, Lee YC, Song IW, Sliepka JM, Batkovskyte D, Washington M, Dawson BC, Jin Z, Jiang MM, Chen S, Chen Y, Tran AA, Emrick LT, Murdock DR, Hanchard NA, Zapata GE, Mehta NR, Weis MA, Scott AA, Tremp BA, Phillips JB, Wegner J, Taylor-Miller T, Gibbs RA, Muzny DM, Jhangiani SN, Hicks J, Stottmann RW, Dickinson ME, Seavitt JR, Heaney JD, Eyre DR, Westerfield M, De Matteis MA, Lee B. COPB2 loss of function causes a coatopathy with osteoporosis and developmental delay. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:1710-1724. [PMID: 34450031 PMCID: PMC8456174 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coatomer complexes function in the sorting and trafficking of proteins between subcellular organelles. Pathogenic variants in coatomer subunits or associated factors have been reported in multi-systemic disorders, i.e., coatopathies, that can affect the skeletal and central nervous systems. We have identified loss-of-function variants in COPB2, a component of the coatomer complex I (COPI), in individuals presenting with osteoporosis, fractures, and developmental delay of variable severity. Electron microscopy of COPB2-deficient subjects' fibroblasts showed dilated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with granular material, prominent rough ER, and vacuoles, consistent with an intracellular trafficking defect. We studied the effect of COPB2 deficiency on collagen trafficking because of the critical role of collagen secretion in bone biology. COPB2 siRNA-treated fibroblasts showed delayed collagen secretion with retention of type I collagen in the ER and Golgi and altered distribution of Golgi markers. copb2-null zebrafish embryos showed retention of type II collagen, disorganization of the ER and Golgi, and early larval lethality. Copb2+/- mice exhibited low bone mass, and consistent with the findings in human cells and zebrafish, studies in Copb2+/- mouse fibroblasts suggest ER stress and a Golgi defect. Interestingly, ascorbic acid treatment partially rescued the zebrafish developmental phenotype and the cellular phenotype in Copb2+/- mouse fibroblasts. This work identifies a form of coatopathy due to COPB2 haploinsufficiency, explores a potential therapeutic approach for this disorder, and highlights the role of the COPI complex as a regulator of skeletal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Marom
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lindsay C Burrage
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Aurélie Clément
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | | | - Mahim Jain
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daryl A Scott
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - V Reid Sutton
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marwan Shinawi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ghayda Mirzaa
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, and Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Catherine DeVile
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Rowenna Roberts
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Alistair D Calder
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Jeremy Allgrove
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Ingo Grafe
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Denise G Lanza
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kyu Sang Joeng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yi-Chien Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - I-Wen Song
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joseph M Sliepka
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dominyka Batkovskyte
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Megan Washington
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brian C Dawson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zixue Jin
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ming-Ming Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shan Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alyssa A Tran
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lisa T Emrick
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David R Murdock
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Neil A Hanchard
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Laboratory for Translational Genomics, ARS/USDA Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gladys E Zapata
- Laboratory for Translational Genomics, ARS/USDA Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nitesh R Mehta
- Laboratory for Translational Genomics, ARS/USDA Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mary Ann Weis
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Abbey A Scott
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Brenna A Tremp
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | | | - Jeremy Wegner
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | | | - Richard A Gibbs
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Donna M Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shalini N Jhangiani
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - John Hicks
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rolf W Stottmann
- Division of Human Genetics, and Division of Developmental Biology, and Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Mary E Dickinson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - John R Seavitt
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jason D Heaney
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David R Eyre
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Monte Westerfield
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Maria Antonietta De Matteis
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples 80078, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples 80078, Italy
| | - Brendan Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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26
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Khakurel A, Kudlyk T, Bonifacino JS, Lupashin VV. The Golgi-associated retrograde protein (GARP) complex plays an essential role in the maintenance of the Golgi glycosylation machinery. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:1594-1610. [PMID: 34161137 PMCID: PMC8351751 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-04-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi complex is a central hub for intracellular protein trafficking and glycosylation. Steady-state localization of glycosylation enzymes is achieved by a combination of mechanisms involving retention and recycling, but the machinery governing these mechanisms is poorly understood. Herein we show that the Golgi-associated retrograde protein (GARP) complex is a critical component of this machinery. Using multiple human cell lines, we show that depletion of GARP subunits impairs Golgi modification of N- and O-glycans and reduces the stability of glycoproteins and Golgi enzymes. Moreover, GARP-knockout (KO) cells exhibit reduced retention of glycosylation enzymes in the Golgi. A RUSH assay shows that, in GARP-KO cells, the enzyme beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1 is not retained at the Golgi complex but instead is missorted to the endolysosomal system. We propose that the endosomal system is part of the trafficking itinerary of Golgi enzymes or their recycling adaptors and that the GARP complex is essential for recycling and stabilization of the Golgi glycosylation machinery. [Media: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Khakurel
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - Tetyana Kudlyk
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - Juan S. Bonifacino
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Vladimir V. Lupashin
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Little Rock, AR 72205
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27
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Jennings BC, Kornfeld S, Doray B. A weak COPI binding motif in the cytoplasmic tail of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein is necessary for its cleavage, glycosylation, and localization. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:1758-1767. [PMID: 33991349 PMCID: PMC8209879 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (spike) mediates viral entry by binding ACE2 receptors on host cell surfaces. Spike glycan processing and cleavage, which occur in the Golgi network, are important for fusion at the plasma membrane, promoting both virion infectivity and cell-to-cell viral spreading. We show that a KxHxx motif in the cytosolic tail of spike weakly binds the COPβ' subunit of COPI coatomer, which facilitates some recycling of spike within the Golgi, while releasing the remainder to the cell surface. Although histidine (KxHxx) has been proposed to be equivalent to lysine within di-lysine endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retrieval sequences, we show that histidine-to-lysine substitution (KxKxx) retains spike at the ER and prevents glycan processing, protease cleavage, and transport to the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C Jennings
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Stuart Kornfeld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Balraj Doray
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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28
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Zapatero-Belinchón FJ, Carriquí-Madroñal B, Gerold G. Proximity labeling approaches to study protein complexes during virus infection. Adv Virus Res 2021; 109:63-104. [PMID: 33934830 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cellular compartmentalization of proteins and protein complex formation allow cells to tightly control biological processes. Therefore, understanding the subcellular localization and interactions of a specific protein is crucial to uncover its biological function. The advent of proximity labeling (PL) has reshaped cellular proteomics in infection biology. PL utilizes a genetically modified enzyme that generates a "labeling cloud" by covalently labeling proteins in close proximity to the enzyme. Fusion of a PL enzyme to a specific antibody or a "bait" protein of interest in combination with affinity enrichment mass spectrometry (AE-MS) enables the isolation and identification of the cellular proximity proteome, or proxisome. This powerful methodology has been paramount for the mapping of membrane or membraneless organelles as well as for the understanding of hard-to-purify protein complexes, such as those of transmembrane proteins. Unsurprisingly, more and more infection biology research groups have recognized the potential of PL for the identification of host-pathogen interactions. In this chapter, we introduce the enzymes commonly used for PL labeling as well as recent promising advancements and summarize the major achievements in organelle mapping and nucleic acid PL. Moreover, we comprehensively describe the research on host-pathogen interactions using PL, giving special attention to studies in the field of virology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco José Zapatero-Belinchón
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany; Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Belén Carriquí-Madroñal
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany; Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gisa Gerold
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany; Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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29
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Rizzo R, Russo D, Kurokawa K, Sahu P, Lombardi B, Supino D, Zhukovsky MA, Vocat A, Pothukuchi P, Kunnathully V, Capolupo L, Boncompain G, Vitagliano C, Zito Marino F, Aquino G, Montariello D, Henklein P, Mandrich L, Botti G, Clausen H, Mandel U, Yamaji T, Hanada K, Budillon A, Perez F, Parashuraman S, Hannun YA, Nakano A, Corda D, D'Angelo G, Luini A. Golgi maturation-dependent glycoenzyme recycling controls glycosphingolipid biosynthesis and cell growth via GOLPH3. EMBO J 2021; 40:e107238. [PMID: 33749896 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020107238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids are important components of the plasma membrane where they modulate the activities of membrane proteins including signalling receptors. Glycosphingolipid synthesis relies on competing reactions catalysed by Golgi-resident enzymes during the passage of substrates through the Golgi cisternae. The glycosphingolipid metabolic output is determined by the position and levels of the enzymes within the Golgi stack, but the mechanisms that coordinate the intra-Golgi localisation of the enzymes are poorly understood. Here, we show that a group of sequentially-acting enzymes operating at the branchpoint among glycosphingolipid synthetic pathways binds the Golgi-localised oncoprotein GOLPH3. GOLPH3 sorts these enzymes into vesicles for intra-Golgi retro-transport, acting as a component of the cisternal maturation mechanism. Through these effects, GOLPH3 controls the sub-Golgi localisation and the lysosomal degradation rate of specific enzymes. Increased GOLPH3 levels, as those observed in tumours, alter glycosphingolipid synthesis and plasma membrane composition thereby promoting mitogenic signalling and cell proliferation. These data have medical implications as they outline a novel oncogenic mechanism of action for GOLPH3 based on glycosphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Rizzo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), Lecce, Italy
| | - Domenico Russo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Kazuo Kurokawa
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama, Japan
| | - Pranoy Sahu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Bernadette Lombardi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Supino
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Mikhail A Zhukovsky
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Anthony Vocat
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Prathyush Pothukuchi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Vidya Kunnathully
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Capolupo
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Carlo Vitagliano
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Aquino
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Montariello
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Petra Henklein
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luigi Mandrich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Nørre Alle 20, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Ulla Mandel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Nørre Alle 20, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Toshiyuki Yamaji
- Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hanada
- Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Alfredo Budillon
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Franck Perez
- Institute Curie - CNRS UMR1 44, Research Center, Paris, France
| | | | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Stony Brook University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Akihiko Nakano
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama, Japan
| | - Daniela Corda
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni D'Angelo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alberto Luini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
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30
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Meneghetti MCZ, Deboni P, Palomino CMV, Braga LP, Cavalheiro RP, Viana GM, Yates EA, Nader HB, Lima MA. ER-Golgi dynamics of HS-modifying enzymes via vesicular trafficking is a critical prerequisite for the delineation of HS biosynthesis. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 255:117477. [PMID: 33436240 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The cell surface and extracellular matrix polysaccharide, heparan sulfate (HS) conveys chemical information to control crucial biological processes. HS chains are synthesized in a non-template driven process mainly in the Golgi apparatus, involving a large number of enzymes capable of subtly modifying its substitution pattern, hence, its interactions and biological effects. Changes in the localization of HS-modifying enzymes throughout the Golgi were found to correlate with changes in the structure of HS, rather than protein expression levels. Following BFA treatment, the HS-modifying enzymes localized preferentially in COPII vesicles and at the trans-Golgi. Shortly after heparin treatment, the HS-modifying enzyme moved from cis to trans-Golgi, which coincided with increased HS sulfation. Finally, it was shown that COPI subunits and Sec24 gene expression changed. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that knowledge of the ER-Golgi dynamics of HS-modifying enzymes via vesicular trafficking is a critical prerequisite for the complete delineation of HS biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Z Meneghetti
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Farmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio, 100, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Paula Deboni
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Farmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio, 100, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Carlos M V Palomino
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Farmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio, 100, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Luiz P Braga
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Farmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio, 100, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Renan P Cavalheiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Farmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio, 100, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Gustavo M Viana
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Farmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio, 100, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Edwin A Yates
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Farmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio, 100, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, ISMIB, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Helena B Nader
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Farmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio, 100, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Farmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio, 100, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil; Molecular & Structural Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Huxley Building, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
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31
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Qin W, Cho KF, Cavanagh PE, Ting AY. Deciphering molecular interactions by proximity labeling. Nat Methods 2021; 18:133-143. [PMID: 33432242 PMCID: PMC10548357 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-020-01010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many biological processes are executed and regulated through the molecular interactions of proteins and nucleic acids. Proximity labeling (PL) is a technology for tagging the endogenous interaction partners of specific protein 'baits', via genetic fusion to promiscuous enzymes that catalyze the generation of diffusible reactive species in living cells. Tagged molecules that interact with baits can then be enriched and identified by mass spectrometry or nucleic acid sequencing. Here we review the development of PL technologies and highlight studies that have applied PL to the discovery and analysis of molecular interactions. In particular, we focus on the use of PL for mapping protein-protein, protein-RNA and protein-DNA interactions in living cells and organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qin
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kelvin F Cho
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Peter E Cavanagh
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alice Y Ting
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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32
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Richards AL, Eckhardt M, Krogan NJ. Mass spectrometry-based protein-protein interaction networks for the study of human diseases. Mol Syst Biol 2021; 17:e8792. [PMID: 33434350 PMCID: PMC7803364 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20188792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying disease is key for expediting the development of novel therapeutic interventions. Disease mechanisms are often mediated by interactions between proteins. Insights into the physical rewiring of protein-protein interactions in response to mutations, pathological conditions, or pathogen infection can advance our understanding of disease etiology, progression, and pathogenesis and can lead to the identification of potential druggable targets. Advances in quantitative mass spectrometry (MS)-based approaches have allowed unbiased mapping of these disease-mediated changes in protein-protein interactions on a global scale. Here, we review MS techniques that have been instrumental for the identification of protein-protein interactions at a system-level, and we discuss the challenges associated with these methodologies as well as novel MS advancements that aim to address these challenges. An overview of examples from diverse disease contexts illustrates the potential of MS-based protein-protein interaction mapping approaches for revealing disease mechanisms, pinpointing new therapeutic targets, and eventually moving toward personalized applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia L Richards
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI)University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- J. David Gladstone InstitutesSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular PharmacologyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Manon Eckhardt
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI)University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- J. David Gladstone InstitutesSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular PharmacologyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Nevan J Krogan
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI)University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- J. David Gladstone InstitutesSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular PharmacologyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
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33
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Zabotina OA, Zhang N, Weerts R. Polysaccharide Biosynthesis: Glycosyltransferases and Their Complexes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:625307. [PMID: 33679837 PMCID: PMC7933479 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.625307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Glycosyltransferases (GTs) are enzymes that catalyze reactions attaching an activated sugar to an acceptor substrate, which may be a polysaccharide, peptide, lipid, or small molecule. In the past decade, notable progress has been made in revealing and cloning genes encoding polysaccharide-synthesizing GTs. However, the vast majority of GTs remain structurally and functionally uncharacterized. The mechanism by which they are organized in the Golgi membrane, where they synthesize complex, highly branched polysaccharide structures with high efficiency and fidelity, is also mostly unknown. This review will focus on current knowledge about plant polysaccharide-synthesizing GTs, specifically focusing on protein-protein interactions and the formation of multiprotein complexes.
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Quiros DN, Nieto F, Mayorga LS. From cartoons to quantitative models in Golgi transport. Biol Cell 2020; 113:146-164. [PMID: 33275796 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell biology is evolving to become a more formal and quantitative science. In particular, several mathematical models have been proposed to address Golgi self-organisation and protein and lipid transport. However, most scientific articles about the Golgi apparatus are still using static cartoons that miss the dynamism of this organelle. RESULTS In this report, we show that schematic drawings of Golgi trafficking can be easily translated into an agent-based model using the Repast platform. The simulations generate an active interplay among cisternae and vesicles rendering quantitative predictions about Golgi stability and transport of soluble and membrane-associated cargoes. The models can incorporate complex networks of molecular interactions and chemical reactions by association with COPASI, a software that handles ordinary differential equations. CONCLUSIONS The strategy described provides a simple, flexible and multiscale support to analyse Golgi transport. The simulations can be used to address issues directly linked to the mechanism of transport or as a way to incorporate the complexity of trafficking to other cellular processes that occur in dynamic organelles. SIGNIFICANCE We show that the rules implicitly present in most schematic representations of intracellular trafficking can be used to build dynamic models with quantitative outputs that can be compared with experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Nicolas Quiros
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Franco Nieto
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Luis S Mayorga
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Mendoza, Argentina
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Proximity labeling in mammalian cells with TurboID and split-TurboID. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:3971-3999. [PMID: 33139955 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-0399-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This protocol describes the use of TurboID and split-TurboID in proximity labeling applications for mapping protein-protein interactions and subcellular proteomes in live mammalian cells. TurboID is an engineered biotin ligase that uses ATP to convert biotin into biotin-AMP, a reactive intermediate that covalently labels proximal proteins. Optimized using directed evolution, TurboID has substantially higher activity than previously described biotin ligase-related proximity labeling methods, such as BioID, enabling higher temporal resolution and broader application in vivo. Split-TurboID consists of two inactive fragments of TurboID that can be reconstituted through protein-protein interactions or organelle-organelle interactions, which can facilitate greater targeting specificity than full-length enzymes alone. Proteins biotinylated by TurboID or split-TurboID are then enriched with streptavidin beads and identified by mass spectrometry. Here, we describe fusion construct design and characterization (variable timing), proteomic sample preparation (5-7 d), mass spectrometric data acquisition (2 d), and proteomic data analysis (1 week).
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36
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D'Souza Z, Taher FS, Lupashin VV. Golgi inCOGnito: From vesicle tethering to human disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129694. [PMID: 32730773 PMCID: PMC7384418 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Conserved Oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex, a multi-subunit vesicle tethering complex of the CATCHR (Complexes Associated with Tethering Containing Helical Rods) family, controls several aspects of cellular homeostasis by orchestrating retrograde vesicle traffic within the Golgi. The COG complex interacts with all key players regulating intra-Golgi trafficking, namely SNAREs, SNARE-interacting proteins, Rabs, coiled-coil tethers, and vesicular coats. In cells, COG deficiencies result in the accumulation of non-tethered COG-complex dependent (CCD) vesicles, dramatic morphological and functional abnormalities of the Golgi and endosomes, severe defects in N- and O- glycosylation, Golgi retrograde trafficking, sorting and protein secretion. In humans, COG mutations lead to severe multi-systemic diseases known as COG-Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (COG-CDG). In this report, we review the current knowledge of the COG complex and analyze COG-related trafficking and glycosylation defects in COG-CDG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinia D'Souza
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Farhana S Taher
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Vladimir V Lupashin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
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Global view of human protein glycosylation pathways and functions. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:729-749. [PMID: 33087899 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-020-00294-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 555] [Impact Index Per Article: 138.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is the most abundant and diverse form of post-translational modification of proteins that is common to all eukaryotic cells. Enzymatic glycosylation of proteins involves a complex metabolic network and different types of glycosylation pathways that orchestrate enormous amplification of the proteome in producing diversity of proteoforms and its biological functions. The tremendous structural diversity of glycans attached to proteins poses analytical challenges that limit exploration of specific functions of glycosylation. Major advances in quantitative transcriptomics, proteomics and nuclease-based gene editing are now opening new global ways to explore protein glycosylation through analysing and targeting enzymes involved in glycosylation processes. In silico models predicting cellular glycosylation capacities and glycosylation outcomes are emerging, and refined maps of the glycosylation pathways facilitate genetic approaches to address functions of the vast glycoproteome. These approaches apply commonly available cell biology tools, and we predict that use of (single-cell) transcriptomics, genetic screens, genetic engineering of cellular glycosylation capacities and custom design of glycoprotein therapeutics are advancements that will ignite wider integration of glycosylation in general cell biology.
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Hazara Nairovirus Requires COPI Components in both Arf1-Dependent and Arf1-Independent Stages of Its Replication Cycle. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.00766-20. [PMID: 32581103 PMCID: PMC7431787 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00766-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nairoviruses are tick-borne enveloped RNA viruses that include several pathogens responsible for fatal disease in humans and animals. Here, we analyzed host genes involved in trafficking networks to examine their involvement in nairovirus replication. We revealed important roles for genes that express multiple components of the COPI complex, which regulates transport of Golgi apparatus-resident cargos. COPI components influenced at least two stages of the nairovirus replication cycle: an early stage prior to and including gene expression and also a later stage during assembly of infectious virus, with COPI knockdown reducing titers by approximately 1,000-fold. Importantly, while the late stage was Arf1 dependent, as expected for canonical COPI vesicle formation, the early stage was found to be Arf1 independent, suggestive of a previously unreported function of COPI unrelated to vesicle formation. Collectively, these data improve our understanding of nairovirus host-pathogen interactions and suggest a new Arf1-independent role for components of the COPI coatomer complex. Hazara nairovirus (HAZV) is an enveloped trisegmented negative-strand RNA virus classified within the Nairoviridae family of the Bunyavirales order and a member of the same subtype as Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, responsible for fatal human disease. Nairoviral subversion of cellular trafficking pathways to permit viral entry, gene expression, assembly, and egress is poorly understood. Here, we generated a recombinant HAZV expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein and used live-cell fluorescent imaging to screen an siRNA library targeting genes involved in cellular trafficking networks, the first such screen for a nairovirus. The screen revealed prominent roles for subunits of the coat protein 1 (COPI)-vesicle coatomer, which regulates retrograde trafficking of cargo between the Golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum, as well as intra-Golgi transport. We show the requirement of COPI-coatomer subunits impacted at least two stages of the HAZV replication cycle: an early stage prior to and including gene expression and also a later stage during assembly and egress of infectious virus, with COPI-knockdown reducing titers by approximately 1,000-fold. Treatment of HAZV-infected cells with brefeldin A (BFA), an inhibitor of Arf1 activation required for COPI coatomer formation, revealed that this late COPI-dependent stage was Arf1 dependent, consistent with the established role of Arf1 in COPI vesicle formation. In contrast, the early COPI-dependent stage was Arf1 independent, with neither BFA treatment nor siRNA-mediated ARF1 knockdown affecting HAZV gene expression. HAZV exploitation of COPI components in a noncanonical Arf1-independent process suggests that COPI coatomer components may perform roles unrelated to vesicle formation, adding further complexity to our understanding of cargo-mediated transport. IMPORTANCE Nairoviruses are tick-borne enveloped RNA viruses that include several pathogens responsible for fatal disease in humans and animals. Here, we analyzed host genes involved in trafficking networks to examine their involvement in nairovirus replication. We revealed important roles for genes that express multiple components of the COPI complex, which regulates transport of Golgi apparatus-resident cargos. COPI components influenced at least two stages of the nairovirus replication cycle: an early stage prior to and including gene expression and also a later stage during assembly of infectious virus, with COPI knockdown reducing titers by approximately 1,000-fold. Importantly, while the late stage was Arf1 dependent, as expected for canonical COPI vesicle formation, the early stage was found to be Arf1 independent, suggestive of a previously unreported function of COPI unrelated to vesicle formation. Collectively, these data improve our understanding of nairovirus host-pathogen interactions and suggest a new Arf1-independent role for components of the COPI coatomer complex.
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VanWinkle PE, Parish F, Edwards YJK, Sztul E. JAGN1, tetraspanins, and Erv proteins: is common topology indicative of common function in cargo sorting? Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C667-C674. [PMID: 32783652 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00436.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum protein Jagunal (JAGN1) was first identified as a requirement for Drosophila melanogaster oocyte development. Subsequent studies in human patients linked mutations in JAGN1 to severe congenital neutropenia, as well as a broad range of additional symptoms, suggesting that JAGN1 function is required in many tissues. Moreover, JAGN1 orthologs are found throughout animal and plant phylogeny, suggesting that JAGN1 supports fundamental cellular processes not restricted to egg development or neutrophil function. JAGN1 lacks sequence similarity or recognizable domains other than a coatomer protein complex I-binding motif, and its cellular function is currently unknown. JAGN1 shares a tetraspanning membrane topology with two families of known cargo transporters: the tetraspanins and the endoplasmic reticulum vesicle (Erv) proteins. Herein, we discuss the similarities between JAGN1, tetraspanins, and Ervs and, based on those, suggest a role for JAGN1 in facilitating the traffic of cell-restricted and ubiquitously expressed proteins at the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton E VanWinkle
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Felicia Parish
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Yvonne J K Edwards
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Elizabeth Sztul
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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40
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Wang P, Ye Z, Banfield DK. A novel mechanism for the retention of Golgi membrane proteins mediated by the Bre5p/Ubp3p deubiquitinase complex. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:2139-2155. [PMID: 32673164 PMCID: PMC7530903 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-03-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms employed in the retention of Golgi resident membrane proteins are diverse and include features such as the composition and length of the protein’s transmembrane domain and motifs that mediate direct or indirect associations with COPI-coatomer. However, in sum the current compendium of mechanisms cannot account for the localization of all Golgi membrane proteins, and this is particularly the case for proteins such as the glycosyltransferases. Here we describe a novel mechanism that mediates the steady-state retention of a subset of glycosyltransferases in the Golgi of budding yeast cells. This mechanism is mediated by a deubiquitinase complex composed of Bre5p and Ubp3p. We show that in the absence of this deubiquitinase certain glycosyltransferases are mislocalized to the vacuole, where they are degraded. We also show that Bre5p/Ubp3p clients bind to COPI-coatomer via a series of positively charged amino acids in their cytoplasmically exposed N-termini. Furthermore, we identify two proteins (Ktr3p and Mnn4p) that show a requirement for both Bre5p/Ubp3p as well as the COPI-coatomer–affiliated sorting receptor Vps74p. We also establish that some proteins show a nutrient-dependent role for Vps74p in their Golgi retention. This study expands the repertoire of mechanisms mediating the retention of Golgi membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ziyun Ye
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - David K Banfield
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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41
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Lee WS, Jennings BC, Doray B, Kornfeld S. Disease-causing missense mutations within the N-terminal transmembrane domain of GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase impair endoplasmic reticulum translocation or Golgi retention. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:1321-1328. [PMID: 32220096 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Transport of newly synthesized lysosomal enzymes to the lysosome requires tagging of these enzymes with the mannose 6-phosphate moiety by UDP-GlcNAc:lysosomal enzyme N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase (GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase), encoded by two genes, GNPTAB and GNPTG. GNPTAB encodes the α and β subunits, which are initially synthesized as a single precursor that is cleaved by Site-1 protease in the Golgi. Mutations in this gene cause the lysosomal storage disorders mucolipidosis II (MLII) and mucolipidosis III αβ (MLIII αβ). Two recent studies have reported the first patient mutations within the N-terminal transmembrane domain (TMD) of the α subunit of GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase that cause either MLII or MLIII αβ. Here, we demonstrate that two of the MLII missense mutations, c.80T>A (p.Val27Asp) and c.83T>A (p.Val28Asp), prevent the cotranslational insertion of the nascent GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase polypeptide chain into the endoplasmic reticulum. The remaining four mutations, one of which is associated with MLII, c.100G>C (p.Ala34Pro), and the other three with MLIII αβ, c.70T>G (p.Phe24Val), c.77G>A (p.Gly26Asp), and c.107A>C (p.Glu36Pro), impair retention of the catalytically active enzyme in the Golgi with concomitant mistargeting to endosomes/lysosomes. Our results uncover the basis for the disease phenotypes of these patient mutations and establish the N-terminal TMD of GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase as an important determinant of Golgi localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Sik Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Benjamin C Jennings
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Balraj Doray
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Stuart Kornfeld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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42
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Robinson DG, Aniento F. A Model for ERD2 Function in Higher Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:343. [PMID: 32269585 PMCID: PMC7109254 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ER lumenal proteins have a K(H)DEL motif at their C-terminus. This is recognized by the ERD2 receptor (KDEL receptor in animals), which localizes to the Golgi apparatus and serves to capture escaped ER lumenal proteins. ERD2-ligand complexes are then transported back to the ER via COPI coated vesicles. The neutral pH of the ER causes the ligands to dissociate with the receptor being returned to the Golgi. According to this generally accepted scenario, ERD2 cycles between the ER and the Golgi, although it has been found to have a predominant Golgi localization. In this short article, we present a model for the functioning of ERD2 receptors in higher plants that explains why it is difficult to detect fluorescently tagged ERD2 proteins in the ER. The model assumes that the residence time for ERD2 in the ER is very brief and restricted to a specific domain of the ER. This is the small disc of ER immediately subjacent to the first cis-cisterna of the Golgi stack, representing specialized ER export and import sites and therefore constituting part of what is known as the "secretory unit", a mobile aggregate of ER domain plus Golgi stack. ERD2 molecules in the ER domain of the secretory unit may be small in number, transient and optically difficult to differentiate from the larger population of ERD2 molecules in the overlying Golgi stack in the confocal microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G. Robinson
- Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fernando Aniento
- Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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43
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Oncogenic Roles of GOLPH3 in the Physiopathology of Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030933. [PMID: 32023813 PMCID: PMC7037725 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3), a Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate [PI(4)P] effector at the Golgi, is required for Golgi ribbon structure maintenance, vesicle trafficking and Golgi glycosylation. GOLPH3 has been validated as an oncoprotein through combining integrative genomics with clinopathological and functional analyses. It is frequently amplified in several solid tumor types including melanoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, glioma, and colorectal cancer. Overexpression of GOLPH3 correlates with poor prognosis in multiple tumor types including 52% of breast cancers and 41% to 53% of glioblastoma. Roles of GOLPH3 in tumorigenesis may correlate with several cellular activities including: (i) regulating Golgi-to-plasma membrane trafficking and contributing to malignant secretory phenotypes; (ii) controlling the internalization and recycling of key signaling molecules or increasing the glycosylation of cancer relevant glycoproteins; and (iii) influencing the DNA damage response and maintenance of genomic stability. Here we summarize current knowledge on the oncogenic pathways involving GOLPH3 in human cancer, GOLPH3 influence on tumor metabolism and surrounding stroma, and its possible role in tumor metastasis formation.
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Gao G, Banfield DK. Multiple features within the syntaxin Sed5p mediate its Golgi localization. Traffic 2020; 21:274-296. [DOI: 10.1111/tra.12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guanbin Gao
- The Division of Life ScienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
| | - David K. Banfield
- The Division of Life ScienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
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Boncompain G, Gareil N, Tessier S, Lescure A, Jones TR, Kepp O, Kroemer G, Del Nery E, Perez F. BML-265 and Tyrphostin AG1478 Disperse the Golgi Apparatus and Abolish Protein Transport in Human Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:232. [PMID: 31681765 PMCID: PMC6797785 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The steady-state localization of Golgi-resident glycosylation enzymes in the Golgi apparatus depends on a balance between anterograde and retrograde transport. Using the Retention Using Selective Hooks (RUSH) assay and high-content screening, we identified small molecules that perturb the localization of Mannosidase II (ManII) used as a model cargo for Golgi resident enzymes. In particular, we found that two compounds known as EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, namely BML-265 and Tyrphostin AG1478 disrupt Golgi integrity and abolish secretory protein transport of diverse cargos, thus inducing brefeldin A-like effects. Interestingly, BML-265 and Tyrphostin AG1478 affect Golgi integrity and transport in human cells but not in rodent cells. The effects of BML-265 are reversible since Golgi integrity and protein transport are quickly restored upon washout of the compounds. BML-265 and Tyrphostin AG1478 do not lead to endosomal tubulation suggesting that, contrary to brefeldin A, they do not target the trans-Golgi ARF GEF BIG1 and BIG2. They quickly induce COPI dissociation from Golgi membranes suggesting that, in addition to EGFR kinase, the cis-Golgi ARF GEF GBF1 might also be a target of these molecules. Accordingly, overexpression of GBF1 prevents the effects of BML-265 and Tyrphostin AG1478 on Golgi integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaelle Boncompain
- Dynamics of Intracellular Organization Laboratory, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Nelly Gareil
- Dynamics of Intracellular Organization Laboratory, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Tessier
- BioPhenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Paris, France
| | - Aurianne Lescure
- BioPhenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Paris, France
| | - Thouis R. Jones
- BioPhenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Paris, France
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elaine Del Nery
- BioPhenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Paris, France
| | - Franck Perez
- Dynamics of Intracellular Organization Laboratory, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
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The Great Escape: how phosphatidylinositol 4-kinases and PI4P promote vesicle exit from the Golgi (and drive cancer). Biochem J 2019; 476:2321-2346. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) is a membrane glycerophospholipid and a major regulator of the characteristic appearance of the Golgi complex as well as its vesicular trafficking, signalling and metabolic functions. Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinases, and in particular the PI4KIIIβ isoform, act in concert with PI4P to recruit macromolecular complexes to initiate the biogenesis of trafficking vesicles for several Golgi exit routes. Dysregulation of Golgi PI4P metabolism and the PI4P protein interactome features in many cancers and is often associated with tumour progression and a poor prognosis. Increased expression of PI4P-binding proteins, such as GOLPH3 or PITPNC1, induces a malignant secretory phenotype and the release of proteins that can remodel the extracellular matrix, promote angiogenesis and enhance cell motility. Aberrant Golgi PI4P metabolism can also result in the impaired post-translational modification of proteins required for focal adhesion formation and cell–matrix interactions, thereby potentiating the development of aggressive metastatic and invasive tumours. Altered expression of the Golgi-targeted PI 4-kinases, PI4KIIIβ, PI4KIIα and PI4KIIβ, or the PI4P phosphate Sac1, can also modulate oncogenic signalling through effects on TGN-endosomal trafficking. A Golgi trafficking role for a PIP 5-kinase has been recently described, which indicates that PI4P is not the only functionally important phosphoinositide at this subcellular location. This review charts new developments in our understanding of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase function at the Golgi and how PI4P-dependent trafficking can be deregulated in malignant disease.
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A signal motif retains Arabidopsis ER-α-mannosidase I in the cis-Golgi and prevents enhanced glycoprotein ERAD. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3701. [PMID: 31420549 PMCID: PMC6697737 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11686-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Arabidopsis ER-α-mannosidase I (MNS3) generates an oligomannosidic N-glycan structure that is characteristically found on ER-resident glycoproteins. The enzyme itself has so far not been detected in the ER. Here, we provide evidence that in plants MNS3 exclusively resides in the Golgi apparatus at steady-state. Notably, MNS3 remains on dispersed punctate structures when subjected to different approaches that commonly result in the relocation of Golgi enzymes to the ER. Responsible for this rare behavior is an amino acid signal motif (LPYS) within the cytoplasmic tail of MNS3 that acts as a specific Golgi retention signal. This retention is a means to spatially separate MNS3 from ER-localized mannose trimming steps that generate the glycan signal required for flagging terminally misfolded glycoproteins for ERAD. The physiological importance of the very specific MNS3 localization is demonstrated here by means of a structurally impaired variant of the brassinosteroid receptor BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1. The Arabidopsis ER-α-mannosidase I MNS3 generates N-glycan structures typical of ER-resident glycoproteins. Here Schoberer et al. identify a novel motif that anchors MNS3 to the cis-Golgi, spatially separating MNS3 from ER-localized mannose trimming associated with the ER-associated degradation pathway.
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48
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Abstract
Protein coats are supramolecular complexes that assemble on the cytosolic face of membranes to promote cargo sorting and transport carrier formation in the endomembrane system of eukaryotic cells. Several types of protein coats have been described, including COPI, COPII, AP-1, AP-2, AP-3, AP-4, AP-5, and retromer, which operate at different stages of the endomembrane system. Defects in these coats impair specific transport pathways, compromising the function and viability of the cells. In humans, mutations in subunits of these coats cause various congenital diseases that are collectively referred to as coatopathies. In this article, we review the fundamental properties of protein coats and the diseases that result from mutation of their constituent subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban C Dell'Angelica
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Juan S Bonifacino
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA;
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Welch LG, Munro S. A tale of short tails, through thick and thin: investigating the sorting mechanisms of Golgi enzymes. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:2452-2465. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence G. Welch
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Francis Crick Avenue Cambridge UK
| | - Sean Munro
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Francis Crick Avenue Cambridge UK
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50
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Pothukuchi P, Agliarulo I, Russo D, Rizzo R, Russo F, Parashuraman S. Translation of genome to glycome: role of the Golgi apparatus. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:2390-2411. [PMID: 31330561 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glycans are one of the four biopolymers of the cell and they play important roles in cellular and organismal physiology. They consist of both linear and branched structures and are synthesized in a nontemplated manner in the secretory pathway of mammalian cells with the Golgi apparatus playing a key role in the process. In spite of the absence of a template, the glycans synthesized by a cell are not a random collection of possible glycan structures but a distribution of specific glycans in defined quantities that is unique to each cell type (Cell type here refers to distinct cell forms present in an organism that can be distinguished based on morphological, phenotypic and/or molecular criteria.) While information to produce cell type-specific glycans is encoded in the genome, how this information is translated into cell type-specific glycome (Glycome refers to the quantitative distribution of all glycan structures present in a given cell type.) is not completely understood. We summarize here the factors that are known to influence the fidelity of glycan biosynthesis and integrate them into known glycosylation pathways so as to rationalize the translation of genetic information to cell type-specific glycome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathyush Pothukuchi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Napoli, Italy
| | - Ilenia Agliarulo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Napoli, Italy
| | - Domenico Russo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Napoli, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rizzo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Russo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Napoli, Italy
| | - Seetharaman Parashuraman
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Napoli, Italy
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