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Trus M, Atlas D. Non-ionotropic voltage-gated calcium channel signaling. Channels (Austin) 2024; 18:2341077. [PMID: 38601983 PMCID: PMC11017947 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2024.2341077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) are the major conduits for calcium ions (Ca2+) within excitable cells. Recent studies have highlighted the non-ionotropic functionality of VGCCs, revealing their capacity to activate intracellular pathways independently of ion flow. This non-ionotropic signaling mode plays a pivotal role in excitation-coupling processes, including gene transcription through excitation-transcription (ET), synaptic transmission via excitation-secretion (ES), and cardiac contraction through excitation-contraction (EC). However, it is noteworthy that these excitation-coupling processes require extracellular calcium (Ca2+) and Ca2+ occupancy of the channel ion pore. Analogous to the "non-canonical" characterization of the non-ionotropic signaling exhibited by the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA), which requires extracellular Ca2+ without the influx of ions, VGCC activation requires depolarization-triggered conformational change(s) concomitant with Ca2+ binding to the open channel. Here, we discuss the contributions of VGCCs to ES, ET, and EC coupling as Ca2+ binding macromolecules that transduces external stimuli to intracellular input prior to elevating intracellular Ca2+. We emphasize the recognition of calcium ion occupancy within the open ion-pore and its contribution to the excitation coupling processes that precede the influx of calcium. The non-ionotropic activation of VGCCs, triggered by the upstroke of an action potential, provides a conceptual framework to elucidate the mechanistic aspects underlying the microseconds nature of synaptic transmission, cardiac contractility, and the rapid induction of first-wave genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Trus
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daphne Atlas
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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2
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Ramakrishna S, Radhakrishna BK, Kaladiyil AP, Shah NM, Basavaraju N, Freude KK, Kommaddi RP, Muddashetty RS. Distinct calcium sources regulate temporal profiles of NMDAR and mGluR-mediated protein synthesis. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402594. [PMID: 38749544 PMCID: PMC11096670 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcium signaling is integral for neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity. We demonstrate that the calcium response generated by different sources modulates neuronal activity-mediated protein synthesis, another process essential for synaptic plasticity. Stimulation of NMDARs generates a protein synthesis response involving three phases-increased translation inhibition, followed by a decrease in translation inhibition, and increased translation activation. We show that these phases are linked to NMDAR-mediated calcium response. Calcium influx through NMDARs elicits increased translation inhibition, which is necessary for the successive phases. Calcium through L-VGCCs acts as a switch from translation inhibition to the activation phase. NMDAR-mediated translation activation requires the contribution of L-VGCCs, RyRs, and SOCE. Furthermore, we show that IP3-mediated calcium release and SOCE are essential for mGluR-mediated translation up-regulation. Finally, we signify the relevance of our findings in the context of Alzheimer's disease. Using neurons derived from human fAD iPSCs and transgenic AD mice, we demonstrate the dysregulation of NMDAR-mediated calcium and translation response. Our study highlights the complex interplay between calcium signaling and protein synthesis, and its implications in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarayu Ramakrishna
- https://ror.org/04dese585 Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Bindushree K Radhakrishna
- https://ror.org/04dese585 Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ahamed P Kaladiyil
- https://ror.org/04dese585 Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Nisa Manzoor Shah
- https://ror.org/04dese585 Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Nimisha Basavaraju
- https://ror.org/04dese585 Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Kristine K Freude
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Reddy Peera Kommaddi
- https://ror.org/04dese585 Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Ravi S Muddashetty
- https://ror.org/04dese585 Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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3
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Fischer QS, Kalikulov D, Viana DI Prisco G, Williams CA, Baldwin PR, Friedlander MJ. SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY IN THE INJURED BRAIN DEPENDS ON THE TEMPORAL PATTERN OF STIMULATION. J Neurotrauma 2024. [PMID: 38818799 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2024.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurostimulation protocols are increasingly used as therapeutic interventions, including for brain injury. In addition to the direct activation of neurons, these stimulation protocols are also likely to have downstream effects on those neurons' synaptic outputs. It is well known that alterations in the strength of synaptic connections (long-term potentiation, LTP; long-term depression, LTD) are sensitive to the frequency of stimulation used for induction, however little is known about the contribution of the temporal pattern of stimulation to the downstream synaptic plasticity that may be induced by neurostimulation in the injured brain. We explored interactions of the temporal pattern and frequency of neurostimulation in the normal cerebral cortex and after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), to inform therapies to strengthen or weaken neural circuits in injured brains, as well as to better understand the role of these factors in normal brain plasticity. Whole-cell (WC) patch-clamp recordings of evoked postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) in individual neurons, as well as field potential (FP) recordings, were made from layer 2/3 of visual cortex in response to stimulation of layer 4, in acute slices from control (naïve), sham operated, and mTBI rats. We compared synaptic plasticity induced by different stimulation protocols, each consisting of a specific frequency (1 Hz, 10 Hz, or 100 Hz), continuity (continuous or discontinuous), and temporal pattern (perfectly regular, slightly irregular, or highly irregular). At the individual neuron level, dramatic differences in plasticity outcome occurred when the highly irregular stimulation protocol was used at 1 Hz or 10 Hz, producing an overall LTD in controls and shams, but a robust overall LTP after mTBI. Consistent with the individual neuron results, the plasticity outcomes for simultaneous FP recordings were similar, indicative of our results generalizing to a larger scale synaptic network than can be sampled by individual WC recordings alone. In addition to the differences in plasticity outcome between control (naïve or sham) and injured brains, the dynamics of the changes in synaptic responses that developed during stimulation were predictive of the final plasticity outcome. Our results demonstrate that the temporal pattern of stimulation plays a role in the polarity and magnitude of synaptic plasticity induced in the cerebral cortex while highlighting differences between normal and injured brain responses. Moreover, these results may be useful for optimization of neurostimulation therapies to treat mTBI and other brain disorders, in addition to providing new insights into downstream plasticity signaling mechanisms in the normal brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin S Fischer
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, United States
- Baylor College of Medicine Department of Neuroscience, Houston, Texas, United States;
| | - Djanenkhodja Kalikulov
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, United States
- Baylor College of Medicine Department of Neuroscience, Houston, Texas, United States;
| | | | - Carrie A Williams
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, United States;
| | - Philip R Baldwin
- Baylor College of Medicine Department of Neuroscience, Houston, Texas, United States;
| | - Michael J Friedlander
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, United States
- Baylor College of Medicine Department of Neuroscience, Houston, Texas, United States;
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4
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Jiang A, You L, Handley RR, Hawkins V, Reid SJ, Jacobsen JC, Patassini S, Rudiger SR, Mclaughlan CJ, Kelly JM, Verma PJ, Bawden CS, Gusella JF, MacDonald ME, Waldvogel HJ, Faull RLM, Lehnert K, Snell RG. Single nuclei RNA-seq reveals a medium spiny neuron glutamate excitotoxicity signature prior to the onset of neuronal death in an ovine Huntington's disease model. Hum Mol Genet 2024:ddae087. [PMID: 38776957 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddae087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative genetic disorder caused by an expansion in the CAG repeat tract of the huntingtin (HTT) gene resulting in behavioural, cognitive, and motor defects. Current knowledge of disease pathogenesis remains incomplete, and no disease course-modifying interventions are in clinical use. We have previously reported the development and characterisation of the OVT73 transgenic sheep model of HD. The 73 polyglutamine repeat is somatically stable and therefore likely captures a prodromal phase of the disease with an absence of motor symptomatology even at 5-years of age and no detectable striatal cell loss. To better understand the disease-initiating events we have undertaken a single nuclei transcriptome study of the striatum of an extensively studied cohort of 5-year-old OVT73 HD sheep and age matched wild-type controls. We have identified transcriptional upregulation of genes encoding N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and kainate receptors in medium spiny neurons, the cell type preferentially lost early in HD. Further, we observed an upregulation of astrocytic glutamate uptake transporters and medium spiny neuron GABAA receptors, which may maintain glutamate homeostasis. Taken together, these observations support the glutamate excitotoxicity hypothesis as an early neurodegeneration cascade-initiating process but the threshold of toxicity may be regulated by several protective mechanisms. Addressing this biochemical defect early may prevent neuronal loss and avoid the more complex secondary consequences precipitated by cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Jiang
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, Centre for Brain Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Linya You
- Department of Human Anatomy & Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention of Shanghai, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Renee R Handley
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, Centre for Brain Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Victoria Hawkins
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, Centre for Brain Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Suzanne J Reid
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, Centre for Brain Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Jessie C Jacobsen
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, Centre for Brain Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Stefano Patassini
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, Centre for Brain Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Skye R Rudiger
- Molecular Biology and Reproductive Technology Laboratories, South Australian Research and Development Institute, 129 Holland Road, Adelaide, SA 5350, Australia
| | - Clive J Mclaughlan
- Molecular Biology and Reproductive Technology Laboratories, South Australian Research and Development Institute, 129 Holland Road, Adelaide, SA 5350, Australia
| | - Jennifer M Kelly
- Molecular Biology and Reproductive Technology Laboratories, South Australian Research and Development Institute, 129 Holland Road, Adelaide, SA 5350, Australia
| | - Paul J Verma
- Aquatic and Livestock Sciences, South Australian Research and Development Institute, 129 Holland Road, Adelaide, SA 5350, Australia
| | - C Simon Bawden
- Molecular Biology and Reproductive Technology Laboratories, South Australian Research and Development Institute, 129 Holland Road, Adelaide, SA 5350, Australia
| | - James F Gusella
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Marcy E MacDonald
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Henry J Waldvogel
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Richard L M Faull
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Klaus Lehnert
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, Centre for Brain Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Russell G Snell
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, Centre for Brain Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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5
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Casas M, Dickson EJ. Unraveling the Connection: Cholesterol, Calcium Signaling, and Neurodegeneration. Neurosci Insights 2024; 19:26331055241252772. [PMID: 38737295 PMCID: PMC11088808 DOI: 10.1177/26331055241252772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol and calcium play crucial roles as integral structural components and functional signaling entities within the central nervous system. Disruption in cholesterol homeostasis has been linked to Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's Disease while alterations in calcium signaling is hypothesized to be a key substrate for neurodegeneration across many disorders. Despite the importance of regulated cholesterol and calcium homeostasis for brain health there has been an absence of research investigating the interdependence of these signaling molecules and how they can tune each other's abundance at membranes to influence membrane identity. Here, we discuss the role of cholesterol in shaping calcium dynamics in a neurodegenerative disorder that arises due to mutations in the lysosomal cholesterol transporter, Niemann Pick Type C1 (NPC1). We discuss the molecular mechanisms through which altered lysosomal cholesterol transport influences calcium signaling pathways through remodeling of ion channel distribution at organelle-organelle membrane contacts leading to neurodegeneration. This scientific inquiry not only sheds light on NPC disease but also holds implications for comprehending other cholesterol-associated neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Casas
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Eamonn J Dickson
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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6
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Lin G, Rennie M, Adeeko A, Scarlata S. The role of calcium in neuronal membrane tension and synaptic plasticity. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:937-945. [PMID: 38533899 DOI: 10.1042/bst20231518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Calcium is a primary second messenger that plays a role in cellular functions including growth, movement and responses to drugs. The role that calcium plays in mediating communication between neurons by synaptic vesicle release is well established. This review focuses on the dependence of the physical properties of neuronal plasma membranes on calcium levels. After describing the key features of synaptic plasticity, we summarize the general role of calcium in cell function and the signaling pathways responsible for intracellular increase in calcium levels. We then present findings showing that increases in intracellular calcium levels cause neurites to contract and break synaptic connections by changes in membrane tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyu Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Rd., Worcester, MA 01609, U.S.A
| | - Madison Rennie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Rd., Worcester, MA 01609, U.S.A
| | - Ayobami Adeeko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Rd., Worcester, MA 01609, U.S.A
| | - Suzanne Scarlata
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Rd., Worcester, MA 01609, U.S.A
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7
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Sun Y, Xiao Z, Chen B, Zhao Y, Dai J. Advances in Material-Assisted Electromagnetic Neural Stimulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2400346. [PMID: 38594598 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Bioelectricity plays a crucial role in organisms, being closely connected to neural activity and physiological processes. Disruptions in the nervous system can lead to chaotic ionic currents at the injured site, causing disturbances in the local cellular microenvironment, impairing biological pathways, and resulting in a loss of neural functions. Electromagnetic stimulation has the ability to generate internal currents, which can be utilized to counter tissue damage and aid in the restoration of movement in paralyzed limbs. By incorporating implanted materials, electromagnetic stimulation can be targeted more accurately, thereby significantly improving the effectiveness and safety of such interventions. Currently, there have been significant advancements in the development of numerous promising electromagnetic stimulation strategies with diverse materials. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the fundamental theories, neural stimulation modulating materials, material application strategies, and pre-clinical therapeutic effects associated with electromagnetic stimulation for neural repair. It offers a thorough analysis of current techniques that employ materials to enhance electromagnetic stimulation, as well as potential therapeutic strategies for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Bing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yannan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jianwu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
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8
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Mattson MP, Leak RK. The hormesis principle of neuroplasticity and neuroprotection. Cell Metab 2024; 36:315-337. [PMID: 38211591 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Animals live in habitats fraught with a range of environmental challenges to their bodies and brains. Accordingly, cells and organ systems have evolved stress-responsive signaling pathways that enable them to not only withstand environmental challenges but also to prepare for future challenges and function more efficiently. These phylogenetically conserved processes are the foundation of the hormesis principle, in which single or repeated exposures to low levels of environmental challenges improve cellular and organismal fitness and raise the probability of survival. Hormetic principles have been most intensively studied in physical exercise but apply to numerous other challenges known to improve human health (e.g., intermittent fasting, cognitive stimulation, and dietary phytochemicals). Here we review the physiological mechanisms underlying hormesis-based neuroplasticity and neuroprotection. Approaching natural resilience from the lens of hormesis may reveal novel methods for optimizing brain function and lowering the burden of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Mattson
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Rehana K Leak
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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9
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Hurley ME, Shah SS, Sheard TMD, Kirton HM, Steele DS, Gamper N, Jayasinghe I. Super-Resolution Analysis of the Origins of the Elementary Events of ER Calcium Release in Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons. Cells 2023; 13:38. [PMID: 38201242 PMCID: PMC10778190 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Coordinated events of calcium (Ca2+) released from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are key second messengers in excitable cells. In pain-sensing dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, these events can be observed as Ca2+ sparks, produced by a combination of ryanodine receptors (RyR) and inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptors (IP3R1). These microscopic signals offer the neuronal cells with a possible means of modulating the subplasmalemmal Ca2+ handling, initiating vesicular exocytosis. With super-resolution dSTORM and expansion microscopies, we visualised the nanoscale distributions of both RyR and IP3R1 that featured loosely organised clusters in the subplasmalemmal regions of cultured rat DRG somata. We adapted a novel correlative microscopy protocol to examine the nanoscale patterns of RyR and IP3R1 in the locality of each Ca2+ spark. We found that most subplasmalemmal sparks correlated with relatively small groups of RyR whilst larger sparks were often associated with larger groups of IP3R1. These data also showed spontaneous Ca2+ sparks in <30% of the subplasmalemmal cell area but consisted of both these channel species at a 3.8-5 times higher density than in nonactive regions of the cell. Taken together, these observations reveal distinct patterns and length scales of RyR and IP3R1 co-clustering at contact sites between the ER and the surface plasmalemma that encode the positions and the quantity of Ca2+ released at each Ca2+ spark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam E. Hurley
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Shihab S. Shah
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Thomas M. D. Sheard
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Hannah M. Kirton
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Derek S. Steele
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Nikita Gamper
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Izzy Jayasinghe
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Biomedical Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney 2052, Australia
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10
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Camera F, Colantoni E, Garcia-Sanchez T, Benassi B, Consales C, Muscat A, Vallet L, Mir LM, Andre F, Merla C. In Vitro Imaging and Molecular Characterization of Ca 2+ Flux Modulation by Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15616. [PMID: 37958601 PMCID: PMC10647260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the application of pulsed electric fields with very short durations (nanoseconds) and extremely high amplitudes (MV/m) has been investigated for novel medical purposes. Various electric protocols have been explored for different objectives, including the utilization of fractionated pulse doses to enhance cell electrosensitization to the uptake of different markers or an increase in apoptosis. This study focused on the use of fluorescence imaging to examine molecular calcium fluxes induced by different fractionated protocols of short electric pulses in neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and mesenchymal stem cells (HaMSCs) that were electroporated using nanosecond pulsed electric fields. In our experimental setup, we did not observe cell electrosensitization in terms of an increase in calcium flux following the administration of fractionated doses of nanosecond pulsed electric fields with respect to the non-fractionated dose. However, we observed the targeted activation of calcium-dependent genes (c-FOS, c-JUN, EGR1, NURR-1, β3-TUBULIN) based on the duration of calcium flux, independent of the instantaneous levels achieved but solely dependent on the final plateau reached. This level of control may have potential applications in various medical and biological treatments that rely on calcium and the delivery of nanosecond pulsed electric fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Camera
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, Italian National Agency for Energy, New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (B.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Eleonora Colantoni
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, Italian National Agency for Energy, New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (B.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Tomas Garcia-Sanchez
- Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Pompeu Fabra University, 08002 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Barbara Benassi
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, Italian National Agency for Energy, New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (B.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Claudia Consales
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, Italian National Agency for Energy, New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (B.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Adeline Muscat
- CNRS, Metabolic and Systemic Aspects of the Oncogenesis, (METSY), Institute Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, 94805 Villejuif, France; (A.M.); (L.V.); (L.M.M.); (F.A.)
| | - Leslie Vallet
- CNRS, Metabolic and Systemic Aspects of the Oncogenesis, (METSY), Institute Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, 94805 Villejuif, France; (A.M.); (L.V.); (L.M.M.); (F.A.)
| | - Luis M. Mir
- CNRS, Metabolic and Systemic Aspects of the Oncogenesis, (METSY), Institute Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, 94805 Villejuif, France; (A.M.); (L.V.); (L.M.M.); (F.A.)
| | - Franck Andre
- CNRS, Metabolic and Systemic Aspects of the Oncogenesis, (METSY), Institute Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, 94805 Villejuif, France; (A.M.); (L.V.); (L.M.M.); (F.A.)
| | - Caterina Merla
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, Italian National Agency for Energy, New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (B.B.); (C.C.)
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11
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Cefis M, Chaney R, Wirtz J, Méloux A, Quirié A, Leger C, Prigent-Tessier A, Garnier P. Molecular mechanisms underlying physical exercise-induced brain BDNF overproduction. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1275924. [PMID: 37868812 PMCID: PMC10585026 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1275924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports that physical exercise (EX) is the most effective non-pharmacological strategy to improve brain health. EX prevents cognitive decline associated with age and decreases the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. These positive effects of EX can be attributed to an increase in neurogenesis and neuroplastic processes, leading to learning and memory improvement. At the molecular level, there is a solid consensus to involve the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as the crucial molecule for positive EX effects on the brain. However, even though EX incontestably leads to beneficial processes through BDNF expression, cellular sources and molecular mechanisms underlying EX-induced cerebral BDNF overproduction are still being elucidated. In this context, the present review offers a summary of the different molecular mechanisms involved in brain's response to EX, with a specific focus on BDNF. It aims to provide a cohesive overview of the three main mechanisms leading to EX-induced brain BDNF production: the neuronal-dependent overexpression, the elevation of cerebral blood flow (hemodynamic hypothesis), and the exerkine signaling emanating from peripheral tissues (humoral response). By shedding light on these intricate pathways, this review seeks to contribute to the ongoing elucidation of the relationship between EX and cerebral BDNF expression, offering valuable insights into the potential therapeutic implications for brain health enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cefis
- Département des Sciences de l’Activité Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Remi Chaney
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Julien Wirtz
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Alexandre Méloux
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Aurore Quirié
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Clémence Leger
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Anne Prigent-Tessier
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Garnier
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
- Département Génie Biologique, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Dijon, France
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12
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Nagao M, Hatae A, Mine K, Tsutsumi S, Omori H, Hirata M, Arimatsu M, Taniguchi C, Watanabe T, Kubota K, Katsurabayashi S, Iwasaki K. The Effects of Ninjinyoeito on Impaired Spatial Memory and Prefrontal Cortical Synaptic Plasticity through α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-4-isoxazole Propionic Acid Receptor Subunit in a Rat Model with Cerebral Ischemia and β-Amyloid Injection. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:6035589. [PMID: 37808130 PMCID: PMC10560115 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6035589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Ninjinyoeito (NYT), a traditional Japanese medicine, is effective for improving physical strength and treating fatigue and anorexia. Recently, a clinical report revealed that NYT ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, although the mechanisms remain unclear. AD is a neurodegenerative disorder accompanied by a progressive deficit in memory. Current therapeutic agents are largely ineffective in treating cognitive dysfunction in AD patients. In this study, we investigated the effects of NYT on spatial memory impairment in a rat model of dementia. Rats were prepared with transient cerebral ischemia and intraventricular injection of β-amyloid1-42 for 7 days (CI + Aβ). NYT was orally administered for 7 days after cerebral ischemia. We evaluated spatial memory using the Morris water maze and investigated the expression of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor subunits, the phosphorylation level of glutamate receptor A (GluA)1 at serine sites S831 and S845, and the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of CI + Aβ rats. In the CI + Aβ rats, NYT treatment shortened the extended time to reach the platform. However, NYT did not restore the decrease in the hippocampal GluA1, GluA2, or CaMKII expression but increased prefrontal cortical phosphorylation levels of S845-GluA1 and CaMKII. Therefore, NYT may alleviate spatial memory impairment by promoting glutamatergic transmission involved in the phosphorylation of S845-GluA1 and CaMKII in the prefrontal cortex of CI + Aβ rats. Our results suggest that NYT is a valuable treatment for AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Nagao
- Institute for Aging and Brain Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Akinobu Hatae
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kazuma Mine
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Soichiro Tsutsumi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Hiroya Omori
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Marika Hirata
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Maaya Arimatsu
- Institute for Aging and Brain Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Chise Taniguchi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Takuya Watanabe
- Institute for Aging and Brain Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kaori Kubota
- Institute for Aging and Brain Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shutaro Katsurabayashi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Katsunori Iwasaki
- Institute for Aging and Brain Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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13
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Del Rivero Morfin PJ, Chavez DS, Jayaraman S, Yang L, Kochiss AL, Colecraft HM, Liu XS, Marx SO, Rajadhyaksha AM, Ben-Johny M. A Genetically Encoded Actuator Selectively Boosts L-type Calcium Channels in Diverse Physiological Settings. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.22.558856. [PMID: 37790372 PMCID: PMC10542531 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.22.558856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
L-type Ca 2+ channels (Ca V 1.2/1.3) convey influx of calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) that orchestrate a bevy of biological responses including muscle contraction and gene transcription. Deficits in Ca V 1 function play a vital role in cardiac and neurodevelopmental disorders. Yet conventional pharmacological approaches to upregulate Ca V 1 are limited, as excessive Ca 2+ influx leads to cytotoxicity. Here, we develop a genetically encoded enhancer of Ca V 1.2/1.3 channels (GeeC) to manipulate Ca 2+ entry in distinct physiological settings. Specifically, we functionalized a nanobody that targets the Ca V macromolecular complex by attaching a minimal effector domain from a Ca V enhancer-leucine rich repeat containing protein 10 (Lrrc10). In cardiomyocytes, GeeC evoked a 3-fold increase in L-type current amplitude. In neurons, GeeC augmented excitation-transcription (E-T) coupling. In all, GeeC represents a powerful strategy to boost Ca V 1.2/1.3 function in distinct physiological settings and, in so doing, lays the groundwork to illuminate new insights on neuronal and cardiac physiology and disease.
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14
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Enck JR, Olson EC. Calcium Signaling during Cortical Apical Dendrite Initiation: A Role for Cajal-Retzius Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12965. [PMID: 37629145 PMCID: PMC10455361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The apical dendrite of a cortical projection neuron (CPN) is generated from the leading process of the migrating neuron as the neuron completes migration. This transformation occurs in the cortical marginal zone (MZ), a layer that contains the Cajal-Retzius neurons and their axonal projections. Cajal-Retzius neurons (CRNs) are well known for their critical role in secreting Reelin, a glycoprotein that controls dendritogenesis and cell positioning in many regions of the developing brain. In this study, we examine the possibility that CRNs in the MZ may provide additional signals to arriving CPNs, that may promote the maturation of CPNs and thus shape the development of the cortex. We use whole embryonic hemisphere explants and multiphoton microscopy to confirm that CRNs display intracellular calcium transients of <1-min duration and high amplitude during early corticogenesis. In contrast, developing CPNs do not show high-amplitude calcium transients, but instead show a steady increase in intracellular calcium that begins at the time of dendritic initiation, when the leading process of the migrating CPN is encountering the MZ. The possible existence of CRN to CPN communication was revealed by the application of veratridine, a sodium channel activator, which has been shown to preferentially stimulate more mature cells in the MZ at an early developmental time. Surprisingly, veratridine application also triggers large calcium transients in CPNs, which can be partially blocked by a cocktail of antagonists that block glutamate and glycine receptor activation. These findings outline a model in which CRN spontaneous activity triggers the release of glutamate and glycine, neurotransmitters that can trigger intracellular calcium elevations in CPNs. These elevations begin as CPNs initiate dendritogenesis and continue as waves in the post-migratory cells. Moreover, we show that the pharmacological blockade of glutamatergic signaling disrupts migration, while forced expression of a bacterial voltage-gated calcium channel (CavMr) in the migrating neurons promotes dendritic growth and migration arrest. The identification of CRN to CPN signaling during early development provides insight into the observation that many autism-linked genes encode synaptic proteins that, paradoxically, are expressed in the developing cortex well before the appearance of synapses and the establishment of functional circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric C. Olson
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 505 Irving Ave., Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;
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15
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Georgas E, Yuan M, Chen J, Wang Y, Qin YX. Bioactive superparamagnetic iron oxide-gold nanoparticles regulated by a dynamic magnetic field induce neuronal Ca2+ influx and differentiation. Bioact Mater 2023; 26:478-489. [PMID: 37090028 PMCID: PMC10113789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Treating neurodegenerative diseases, e.g., Alzheimer's Disease, remains a significant challenge due to the limited neuroregeneration rate in the brain. The objective of this study is to evaluate the hypothesis that external magnetic field (MF) stimulation of nerve growth factor functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide-gold (NGF-SPIO-Au) nanoparticles (NPs) can induce Ca2+ influx, membrane depolarization, and enhance neuron differentiation with dynamic MF (DMF) outperforming static MF (SMF) regulation. We showed the that total intracellular Ca2+ influx of PC-12 cells was improved by 300% and 535% by the stimulation of DMF (1 Hz, 0.5 T, 30min) with NGF-SPIO-Au NPs compared to DMF alone and SMF with NGF-SPIO-Au NPs, respectively, which was attributed to successive membrane depolarization. Cellular uptake performed with the application of sodium azide proved that DMF enhanced cellular uptake of NGF-SPIO-Au NPs via endocytosis. In addition, DMF upregulated both the neural differentiation marker (β3-tubulin) and the cell adhesive molecule (integrin-β1) with the existence of NGF-SPIO-Au NPs, while SMF did not show these effects. The results imply that noninvasive DMF-stimulated NPs can regulate intracellular Ca2+ influx and enhance neuron differentiation and neuroregeneration rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Georgas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Muzhaozi Yuan
- J. Mike Walker ’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Jingfan Chen
- J. Mike Walker ’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Ya Wang
- J. Mike Walker ’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Yi-Xian Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Corresponding author. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, United States.
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16
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Karpova A, Samer S, Turacak R, Yuanxiang P, Kreutz MR. Integration of nuclear Ca 2+ transients and subnuclear protein shuttling provides a novel mechanism for the regulation of CREB-dependent gene expression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:228. [PMID: 37491479 PMCID: PMC10368568 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04876-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear Ca2+ waves elicited by NMDAR and L-type voltage-gated Ca2+-channels as well as protein transport from synapse-to-nucleus are both instrumental in control of plasticity-related gene expression. At present it is not known whether fast [Ca2+]n transients converge in the nucleus with signaling of synapto-nuclear protein messenger. Jacob is a protein that translocate a signalosome from N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) to the nucleus and that docks this signalosome to the transcription factor CREB. Here we show that the residing time of Jacob in the nucleoplasm strictly correlates with nuclear [Ca2+]n transients elicited by neuronal activity. A steep increase in [Ca2+]n induces instantaneous uncoupling of Jacob from LaminB1 at the nuclear lamina and promotes the association with the transcription factor cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) in hippocampal neurons. The size of the Jacob pool at the nuclear lamina is controlled by previous activity-dependent nuclear import, and thereby captures the previous history of NMDAR-induced nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. Moreover, the localization of Jacob at the nuclear lamina strongly correlates with synaptic activity and [Ca2+]n waves reflecting ongoing neuronal activity. In consequence, the resulting extension of the nuclear residing time of Jacob amplifies the capacity of the Jacob signalosome to regulate CREB-dependent gene expression and will, thereby, compensate for the relatively small number of molecules reaching the nucleus from individual synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Karpova
- RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto von Guericke University, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Samer
- RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rabia Turacak
- RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - PingAn Yuanxiang
- RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael R Kreutz
- RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto von Guericke University, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Leibniz Group 'Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function', Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251, Hamburg, Germany.
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17
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Lin TC, Chung PJ, Shen CA, Nguyen TMH, Lin YS, Lin SC, Hsiao SC, Chiu WT. Depletion of intracellular Ca 2+ induces FOXM1 SUMOylation and accumulation on the inner nuclear membrane and accelerates G2/M cell cycle transition. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151332. [PMID: 37302175 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) has been reported to regulate transcription factor activity and cancer development, but how it affects the function of Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1), a crucial transcription factor and key oncogene participating in tumorigenesis, remains unclear. Here, we investigated the regulatory role of Ca2+ on FOXM1 and found that Ca2+ depletion caused the distribution of FOXM1 to aggregate on the nuclear envelope, which was also observed in many cell lines. Further experiments revealed that sequestrated FOXM1 colocalized with lamin B in the inner nuclear membrane (INM) and was affected by the activity of nuclear export protein exportin 1 (XPO1). To investigate how intracellular Ca2+ affects FOXM1, we found that among the posttranscriptional modifications, only SUMOylation of FOXM1 showed a pronounced increase under reduced Ca2+, and suppressed SUMOylation rescued FOXM1 sequestration. In addition, Ca2+-dependent SUMOylated FOXM1 appeared to enhance the G2/M transition of the cell cycle and decrease cell apoptosis. In conclusion, our findings provide a molecular basis for the relationship between Ca2+ signaling and FOXM1 regulation, and we look to elucidate Ca2+-dependent FOXM1 SUMOylation-related biological functions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chien Lin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Jung Chung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chen-An Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Thi My Hang Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Syuan Lin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Lin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chuan Hsiao
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Saint Martin de Porres Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Tai Chiu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
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18
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Baracaldo-Santamaría D, Avendaño-Lopez SS, Ariza-Salamanca DF, Rodriguez-Giraldo M, Calderon-Ospina CA, González-Reyes RE, Nava-Mesa MO. Role of Calcium Modulation in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109067. [PMID: 37240413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease and the most frequent cause of progressive dementia in senior adults. It is characterized by memory loss and cognitive impairment secondary to cholinergic dysfunction and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-mediated neurotoxicity. Intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, extracellular plaques composed of amyloid-β (Aβ), and selective neurodegeneration are the anatomopathological hallmarks of this disease. The dysregulation of calcium may be present in all the stages of AD, and it is associated with other pathophysiological mechanisms, such as mitochondrial failure, oxidative stress, and chronic neuroinflammation. Although the cytosolic calcium alterations in AD are not completely elucidated, some calcium-permeable channels, transporters, pumps, and receptors have been shown to be involved at the neuronal and glial levels. In particular, the relationship between glutamatergic NMDA receptor (NMDAR) activity and amyloidosis has been widely documented. Other pathophysiological mechanisms involved in calcium dyshomeostasis include the activation of L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels, transient receptor potential channels, and ryanodine receptors, among many others. This review aims to update the calcium-dysregulation mechanisms in AD and discuss targets and molecules with therapeutic potential based on their modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Baracaldo-Santamaría
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
| | - Sara Sofia Avendaño-Lopez
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
| | - Daniel Felipe Ariza-Salamanca
- Medical and Health Sciences Education Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
| | - Mateo Rodriguez-Giraldo
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Centro de Neurociencias Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
| | - Carlos A Calderon-Ospina
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas Aplicadas (UR Biomed), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
| | - Rodrigo E González-Reyes
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Centro de Neurociencias Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
| | - Mauricio O Nava-Mesa
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Centro de Neurociencias Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
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19
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Català-Solsona J, Lituma PJ, Lutzu S, Siedlecki-Wullich D, Fábregas-Ordoñez C, Miñano-Molina AJ, Saura CA, Castillo PE, Rodriguez-Álvarez J. Activity-Dependent Nr4a2 Induction Modulates Synaptic Expression of AMPA Receptors and Plasticity via a Ca 2+/CRTC1/CREB Pathway. J Neurosci 2023; 43:3028-3041. [PMID: 36931707 PMCID: PMC10146469 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1341-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors have a pivotal role in synaptic plasticity and the associated modification of neuronal networks required for memory formation and consolidation. The nuclear receptors subfamily 4 group A (Nr4a) have emerged as possible modulators of hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive functions. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying Nr4a2-mediated hippocampal synaptic plasticity are not completely known. Here, we report that neuronal activity enhances Nr4a2 expression and function in cultured mouse hippocampal neurons (both sexes) by an ionotropic glutamate receptor/Ca2+/cAMP response element-binding protein/CREB-regulated transcription factor 1 (iGluR/Ca2+/CREB/CRTC1) pathway. Nr4a2 activation mediates BDNF production and increases expression of iGluRs, thereby affecting LTD at CA3-CA1 synapses in acute mouse hippocampal slices (both sexes). Together, our results indicate that the iGluR/Ca2+/CREB/CRTC1 pathway mediates activity-dependent expression of Nr4a2, which is involved in glutamatergic synaptic plasticity by increasing BDNF and synaptic GluA1-AMPARs. Therefore, Nr4a2 activation could be a therapeutic approach for brain disorders associated with dysregulated synaptic plasticity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A major factor that regulates fast excitatory synaptic transmission and plasticity is the modulation of synaptic AMPARs. However, despite decades of research, the underlying mechanisms of this modulation remain poorly understood. Our study identified a molecular pathway that links neuronal activity with AMPAR modulation and hippocampal synaptic plasticity through the activation of Nr4a2, a member of the nuclear receptor subfamily 4. Since several compounds have been described to activate Nr4a2, our study not only provides mechanistic insights into the molecular pathways related to hippocampal synaptic plasticity and learning, but also identifies Nr4a2 as a potential therapeutic target for pathologic conditions associated with dysregulation of glutamatergic synaptic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Català-Solsona
- Institut de Neurociències and Departamento Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Pablo J Lituma
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York 10461
| | - Stefano Lutzu
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York 10461
| | - Dolores Siedlecki-Wullich
- Institut de Neurociències and Departamento Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Cristina Fábregas-Ordoñez
- Institut de Neurociències and Departamento Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Alfredo J Miñano-Molina
- Institut de Neurociències and Departamento Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Carlos A Saura
- Institut de Neurociències and Departamento Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Pablo E Castillo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York 10461
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York 10461
| | - José Rodriguez-Álvarez
- Institut de Neurociències and Departamento Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Madrid, 28031, Spain
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York 10461
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20
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Harris N, Bates SG, Zhuang Z, Bernstein M, Stonemetz JM, Hill TJ, Yu YV, Calarco JA, Sengupta P. Molecular encoding of stimulus features in a single sensory neuron type enables neuronal and behavioral plasticity. Curr Biol 2023; 33:1487-1501.e7. [PMID: 36977417 PMCID: PMC10133190 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Neurons modify their transcriptomes in response to an animal's experience. How specific experiences are transduced to modulate gene expression and precisely tune neuronal functions are not fully defined. Here, we describe the molecular profile of a thermosensory neuron pair in C. elegans experiencing different temperature stimuli. We find that distinct salient features of the temperature stimulus, including its duration, magnitude of change, and absolute value, are encoded in the gene expression program in this single neuron type, and we identify a novel transmembrane protein and a transcription factor whose specific transcriptional dynamics are essential to drive neuronal, behavioral, and developmental plasticity. Expression changes are driven by broadly expressed activity-dependent transcription factors and corresponding cis-regulatory elements that nevertheless direct neuron- and stimulus-specific gene expression programs. Our results indicate that coupling of defined stimulus characteristics to the gene regulatory logic in individual specialized neuron types can customize neuronal properties to drive precise behavioral adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Harris
- Department of Biology, MS008, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02454, USA.
| | - Samuel G Bates
- Department of Biology, MS008, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Zihao Zhuang
- Department of Biology, MS008, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Matthew Bernstein
- Department of Biology, MS008, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Jamie M Stonemetz
- Department of Biology, MS008, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Tyler J Hill
- Department of Biology, MS008, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Yanxun V Yu
- Department of Neurology, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - John A Calarco
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord St., Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
| | - Piali Sengupta
- Department of Biology, MS008, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02454, USA.
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21
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Cheng YT, Woo J, Luna-Figueroa E, Maleki E, Harmanci AS, Deneen B. Social deprivation induces astrocytic TRPA1-GABA suppression of hippocampal circuits. Neuron 2023; 111:1301-1315.e5. [PMID: 36787749 PMCID: PMC10121837 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Social experience is essential for the development and maintenance of higher-order brain function. Social deprivation results in a host of cognitive deficits, and cellular studies have largely focused on associated neuronal dysregulation; how astrocyte function is impacted by social deprivation is unknown. Here, we show that hippocampal astrocytes from juvenile mice subjected to social isolation exhibit increased Ca2+ activity and global changes in gene expression. We found that the Ca2+ channel TRPA1 is upregulated in astrocytes after social deprivation and astrocyte-specific deletion of TRPA1 reverses the physiological and cognitive deficits associated with social deprivation. Mechanistically, TRPA1 inhibition of hippocampal circuits is mediated by a parallel increase of astrocytic production and release of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA after social deprivation. Collectively, our studies reveal how astrocyte function is tuned to social experience and identifies a social-context-specific mechanism by which astrocytic TRPA1 and GABA coordinately suppress hippocampal circuit function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Cheng
- Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Junsung Woo
- Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Estefania Luna-Figueroa
- Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ehson Maleki
- Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Benjamin Deneen
- Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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22
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Kim J, Choi P, Park YT, Kim T, Ham J, Kim JC. The Cannabinoids, CBDA and THCA, Rescue Memory Deficits and Reduce Amyloid-Beta and Tau Pathology in an Alzheimer’s Disease-like Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076827. [PMID: 37047798 PMCID: PMC10095267 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Most studies related to hemp are focused on Cannabidiol (CBD) and Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC); however, up to 120 types of phytocannabinoids are present in hemp. Hemp leaves contain large amounts of Cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) and Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), which are acidic variants of CBD and THC and account for the largest proportion of CBDA. In recent studies, CBDA exhibited anti-hyperalgesia and anti-inflammatory effects. THCA also showed anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects that may be beneficial for treating neurodegenerative diseases. CBDA and THCA can penetrate the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and affect the central nervous system. The purpose of this study was to determine whether CBDA and THCA ameliorate Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-like features in vitro and in vivo. The effect of CBDA and THCA was evaluated in the Aβ1–42-treated mouse model. We observed that Aβ1–42-treated mice had more hippocampal Aβ and p-tau levels, pathological markers of AD, and loss of cognitive function compared with PBS-treated mice. However, CBDA- and THCA-treated mice showed decreased hippocampal Aβ and p-tau and superior cognitive function compared with Aβ1–42-treated mice. In addition, CBDA and THCA lowered Aβ and p-tau levels, alleviated calcium dyshomeostasis, and exhibited neuroprotective effects in primary neurons. Our results suggest that CBDA and THCA have anti-AD effects and mitigate memory loss and resilience to increased hippocampal Ca2+, Aβ, and p-tau levels. Together, CBDA and THCA may be useful therapeutic agents for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyong Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Pilju Choi
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tae Park
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Taejung Kim
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungyeob Ham
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- NeoCannBio Co., Ltd., Gangneung 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Chul Kim
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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23
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Gasalla P, Manahan-Vaughan D, Dwyer DM, Hall J, Méndez-Couz M. Characterisation of the neural basis underlying appetitive extinction & renewal in Cacna1c rats. Neuropharmacology 2023; 227:109444. [PMID: 36724867 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed impairments in Cacna1c ± heterozygous animals (a gene that encodes the Cav 1.2 L-type voltage-gated calcium channels and is implicated in risk for multiple neuropsychiatric disorders) in aversive forms of learning, such as latent inhibition, reversal learning or context discrimination. However, the role of Cav 1.2 L-type voltage-gated calcium channels in extinction of appetitive associations remains under-investigated. Here, we used an appetitive Pavlovian conditioning task and evaluated extinction learning (EL) with a change of context from that of training and test (ABA) and without such a change (AAA) in Cacna1c ± male rats versus their wild-type (WT) littermates. In addition, we used fluorescence in situ hybridization of somatic immediate early genes (IEGs) Arc and Homer1a expression to scrutinize associated changes in the medial prefrontal cortex and the amygdala. Cacna1c ± animals successfully adapt their responses by engaging in appetitive EL and renewal. However, the regional IEG expression profile changed. For the EL occurring in the same context, Cacna1c ± animals presented higher IEG expression in the infralimbic cortex and the central amygdala than controls. The prelimbic region presented a larger neural ensemble in Cacna1c ± than WT animals, co-labelled for the time window of EL in the original context and prolonged exposure to the unrewarded context. With a context change, the Cacna1c ± infralimbic region displayed higher IEG expression during renewal than controls. Taken together, our findings provide novel evidence of distinct brain activation patterns occurring in Cacna1c ± rats after appetitive extinction and renewal despite preserved behavioral responses. This article is part of the Special Issue on "L-type calcium channel mechanisms in neuropsychiatric disorders".
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gasalla
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK; School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Tower Building, 70 Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Denise Manahan-Vaughan
- Dept. Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Building MA 4/158, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dominic Michael Dwyer
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Tower Building, 70 Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Jeremy Hall
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Marta Méndez-Couz
- Dept. Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Building MA 4/158, 44780, Bochum, Germany.
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24
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Franks H, Wang R, Li M, Wang B, Wildmann A, Ortyl T, O’Brien S, Young D, Liao FF, Sakata K. Heat shock factor HSF1 regulates BDNF gene promoters upon acute stress in the hippocampus, together with pCREB. J Neurochem 2023; 165:131-148. [PMID: 36227087 PMCID: PMC10097844 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is a master stress-responsive transcriptional factor, protecting cells from death. However, its gene regulation in vivo in the brain in response to neuronal stimuli remains elusive. Here, we investigated its direct regulation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene (Bdnf) in response to acute neuronal stress stimuli in the brain. The results of immunohistochemistry and chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative PCR (ChIP-qPCR) showed that administration of kainic acid (a glutamate receptor agonist inducing excitotoxity) to young adult mice induced HSF1 nuclear translocation and its binding to multiple Bdnf promoters in the hippocampus. Footshock, a physical stressor used for learning, also induced HSF1 binding to selected Bdnf promoters I and IV. This is, to our knowledge, the first demonstration of HSF1 gene regulation in response to neuronal stimuli in the hippocampus in vivo. HSF1 binding sites (HSEs) in Bdnf promoters I and IV were also detected when immunoprecipitated by an antibody of phosphorylated (p)CREB (cAMP-responsive element-binding protein), suggesting their possible interplay in acute stress-induced Bdnf transcription. Interestingly, their promoter binding patterns differed by KA and footshock, suggesting that HSF1 and pCREB orchestrate to render fine-tuned promoter control depending on the types of stress. Further, HSF1 overexpression increased Bdnf promoter activity in a luciferase assay, while virus infection of constitutively active-form HSF1 increased levels of BDNF mRNA and protein in vitro in primary cultured neurons. These results indicated that HSF1 activation of Bdnf promoter was sufficient to induce BDNF expression. Taken together, these results suggest that HSF1 promoter-specific control of Bdnf gene regulation plays an important role in neuronal protection and plasticity in the hippocampus in response to acute stress, possibly interplaying with pCREB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter Franks
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health
Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ruishan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health
Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mingqi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health
Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health
Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ashton Wildmann
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health
Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Tyler Ortyl
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health
Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Shannon O’Brien
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health
Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Deborah Young
- Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology, The
University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Francesca-Fang Liao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health
Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kazuko Sakata
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health
Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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25
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Nieto-Felipe J, Macias-Diaz A, Sanchez-Collado J, Berna-Erro A, Jardin I, Salido GM, Lopez JJ, Rosado JA. Role of Orai-family channels in the activation and regulation of transcriptional activity. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:714-726. [PMID: 36952615 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Store operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a cornerstone for the maintenance of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and the regulation of a variety of cellular functions. SOCE is mediated by STIM and Orai proteins following the activation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors. Then, a reduction of the endoplasmic reticulum intraluminal Ca2+ concentration is sensed by STIM proteins, which undergo a conformational change and activate plasma membrane Ca2+ channels comprised by Orai proteins. STIM1/Orai-mediated Ca2+ signals are finely regulated and modulate the activity of different transcription factors, including certain isoforms of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells, the cAMP-response element binding protein, the nuclear factor κ-light chain-enhancer of activated B cells, c-fos, and c-myc. These transcription factors associate SOCE with a plethora of signaling events and cellular functions. Here we provide an overview of the current knowledge about the role of Orai channels in the regulation of transcription factors through Ca2+ -dependent signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Nieto-Felipe
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Alvaro Macias-Diaz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Jose Sanchez-Collado
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Alejandro Berna-Erro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Isaac Jardin
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Gines M Salido
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Jose J Lopez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
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26
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Lee Y, Park HR, Lee JY, Kim J, Yang S, Lee C, Kim K, Kim HS, Chang SC, Lee J. Low-dose curcumin enhances hippocampal neurogenesis and memory retention in young mice. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:423-437. [PMID: 36947339 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01440-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis generates new functional neurons from adult neural stem cells in various regions, including the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and subgranular zone (SGZ) of hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Available evidence shows hippocampal neurogenesis can be negatively or positively regulated by dietary components. In a previous study, we reported that curcumin (diferuloylmethane; a polyphenolic found in curry spice) stimulates the proliferation of embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) by activating adaptive cellular stress responses. Here, we investigated whether subchronic administration of curcumin (once daily at 0.4, 2, or 10 mg/kg for 14 days) promotes hippocampal neurogenesis and neurocognitive function in young (5-week-old) mice. Oral administration of low-dose curcumin (0.4 mg/kg) increased the proliferation and survival of newly generated cells in hippocampus, but surprisingly, high-dose curcumin (10 mg/kg) did not effectively upregulate the proliferation or survival of newborn cells. Furthermore, hippocampal BDNF levels and phosphorylated CREB activity were elevated in only low-dose curcumin-treated mice. Passive avoidance testing revealed that low-dose curcumin increased cross-over latency times, indicating enhanced memory retention, and an in vitro study showed that low-concentration curcumin increased the proliferative activity of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) by upregulating NF1X levels. Collectively, our findings suggest that low-dose curcumin has neurogenic effects and that it may prevent age and neurodegenerative disease-related cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujeong Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Ra Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Yeon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonguk Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chany Lee
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Kipom Kim
- Research Strategy Office, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- Division of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Cheol Chang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Pro-Apoptotic and Anti-Cancer Activity of the Vernonanthura Nudiflora Hydroethanolic Extract. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051627. [PMID: 36900417 PMCID: PMC10000589 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) protein is involved in several essential cancer hallmarks, including energy and metabolism reprogramming and apoptotic cell death evasion. In this study, we demonstrated the ability of hydroethanolic extracts from three different plants, Vernonanthura nudiflora (Vern), Baccharis trimera (Bac), and Plantago major (Pla), to induce cell death. We focused on the most active Vern extract. We demonstrated that it activates multiple pathways that lead to impaired cell energy and metabolism homeostasis, elevated ROS production, increased intracellular Ca2+, and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. The massive cell death generated by this plant extract's active compounds involves the induction of VDAC1 overexpression and oligomerization and, thereby, apoptosis. Gas chromatography of the hydroethanolic plant extract identified dozens of compounds, including phytol and ethyl linoleate, with the former producing similar effects as the Vern hydroethanolic extract but at 10-fold higher concentrations than those found in the extract. In a xenograft glioblastoma mouse model, both the Vern extract and phytol strongly inhibited tumor growth and cell proliferation and induced massive tumor cell death, including of cancer stem cells, inhibiting angiogenesis and modulating the tumor microenvironment. Taken together, the multiple effects of Vern extract make it a promising potential cancer therapeutic.
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28
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Paschou M, Liaropoulou D, Kalaitzaki V, Efthimiopoulos S, Papazafiri P. Knockdown of Amyloid Precursor Protein Increases Ion Channel Expression and Alters Ca 2+ Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032302. [PMID: 36768625 PMCID: PMC9917207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the physiological role of the full-length Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) and its proteolytic fragments remains unclear, they are definitively crucial for normal synaptic function. Herein, we report that the downregulation of APP in SH-SY5Y cells, using short hairpin RNA (shRNA), alters the expression pattern of several ion channels and signaling proteins that are involved in synaptic and Ca2+ signaling. Specifically, the levels of GluR2 and GluR4 subunits of the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid glutamate receptors (AMPAR) were significantly increased with APP knockdown. Similarly, the expression of the majority of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) residing proteins, such as the ER Ca2+ channels IP3R (Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate Receptor) and RyR (Ryanodine Receptor), the Ca2+ pump SERCA2 (Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2) and the ER Ca2+ sensor STIM1 (Stromal Interaction Molecule 1) was upregulated. A shift towards the upregulation of p-AKT, p-PP2A, and p-CaMKIV and the downregulation of p-GSK, p-ERK1/2, p-CaMKII, and p-CREB was observed, interconnecting Ca2+ signal transduction from the plasma membrane and ER to the nucleus. Interestingly, we detected reduced responses to several physiological stimuli, with the most prominent being the ineffectiveness of SH-SY5Y/APP- cells to mobilize Ca2+ from the ER upon carbachol-induced Ca2+ release through IP3Rs and RyRs. Our data further support an emerging yet perplexing role of APP within a functional molecular network of membrane and cytoplasmic proteins implicated in Ca2+ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paschou
- Division of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Danai Liaropoulou
- Division of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileia Kalaitzaki
- Division of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Spiros Efthimiopoulos
- Division of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (S.E.); (P.P.)
| | - Panagiota Papazafiri
- Division of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (S.E.); (P.P.)
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29
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Harris N, Bates S, Zhuang Z, Bernstein M, Stonemetz J, Hill T, Yu YV, Calarco JA, Sengupta P. Molecular encoding of stimulus features in a single sensory neuron type enables neuronal and behavioral plasticity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.22.525070. [PMID: 36711719 PMCID: PMC9882311 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.22.525070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Neurons modify their transcriptomes in response to an animal’s experience. How specific experiences are transduced to modulate gene expression and precisely tune neuronal functions are not fully defined. Here, we describe the molecular profile of a thermosensory neuron pair in C. elegans experiencing different temperature stimuli. We find that distinct salient features of the temperature stimulus including its duration, magnitude of change, and absolute value are encoded in the gene expression program in this single neuron, and identify a novel transmembrane protein and a transcription factor whose specific transcriptional dynamics are essential to drive neuronal, behavioral, and developmental plasticity. Expression changes are driven by broadly expressed activity-dependent transcription factors and corresponding cis -regulatory elements that nevertheless direct neuron- and stimulus-specific gene expression programs. Our results indicate that coupling of defined stimulus characteristics to the gene regulatory logic in individual specialized neuron types can customize neuronal properties to drive precise behavioral adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Harris
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA,Co-corresponding authors: ;
| | - Samuel Bates
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Zihao Zhuang
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA,Current address: Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Jamie Stonemetz
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Tyler Hill
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Yanxun V. Yu
- Department of Neurology, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - John A. Calarco
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Piali Sengupta
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA,Co-corresponding authors: ;
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Marini P, Cowie P, Ayar A, Bewick GS, Barrow J, Pertwee RG, MacKenzie A, Tucci P. M3 Receptor Pathway Stimulates Rapid Transcription of the CB1 Receptor Activation through Calcium Signalling and the CNR1 Gene Promoter. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021308. [PMID: 36674826 PMCID: PMC9867084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have investigated a possible mechanism that enables CB1/M3 receptor cross-talk, using SH-SY5Y cells as a model system. Our results show that M3 receptor activation initiates signaling that rapidly upregulates the CNR1 gene, resulting in a greatly potentiated CB1 receptor response to agonists. Calcium homeostasis plays an essential intermediary role in this functional CB1/M3 receptor cross-talk. We show that M3 receptor-triggered calcium release greatly increases CB1 receptor expression via both transcriptional and translational activity, by enhancing CNR1 promoter activity. The co-expression of M3 and CB1 receptors in brain areas such as the nucleus accumbens and amygdala support the hypothesis that the altered synaptic plasticity observed after exposure to cannabinoids involves cross-talk with the M3 receptor subtype. In this context, M3 receptors and their interaction with the cannabinoid system at the transcriptional level represent a potential pharmacogenomic target not only for the develop of new drugs for addressing addiction and tolerance. but also to understand the mechanisms underpinning response stratification to cannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Marini
- Institute of Education in Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Philip Cowie
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Ahmet Ayar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Guy S. Bewick
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - John Barrow
- Institute of Education in Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Roger G. Pertwee
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Alasdair MacKenzie
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Paolo Tucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Pathak H, Borchert A, Garaali S, Burkert A, Frieling H. BDNF exon IV promoter methylation and antidepressant action: a complex interplay. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:187. [PMID: 36572893 PMCID: PMC9793565 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BDNF exon IV promoter methylation is a potential biomarker for treatment response to antidepressants in MDD. We have previously shown CpG-87 methylation as a successful biomarker for the prediction of non-response to monoaminergic antidepressants like the SSRI Fluoxetine or the SNRI Venlafaxine. This study aimed to dissect the biological evidence and mechanisms for the functionality of CpG-87 methylation in a cell culture model. RESULTS We observed a significant interaction between methylation and antidepressant-mediated transcriptional activity in BDNF exon IV promoter. In addition, antidepressant treatment increased the promoter methylation in a concentration-dependent manner. Further single CpG methylation of -87 did not change the promoter activity, but methylation of CREB domain CpG-39 increased the transcriptional activity in an antidepressant-dependent manner. Interestingly, DNMT3a overexpression also increases the BDNF exon IV transcription and more so in Venlafaxine-treated cells. CONCLUSIONS The study strengthens the previously reported association between antidepressant treatment and BDNF exon IV promoter methylation as well as hints toward the mechanism of action. We argue that potential CpG methylation biomarkers display a complex synergy with the molecular changes at the neighboring CpG positions, thus highlighting the importance of epiallele analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansi Pathak
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Anton Borchert
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sara Garaali
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Burkert
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Duarte-Silva AT, Ximenes LGR, Guimarães-Souza M, Domith I, Paes-de-Carvalho R. Chemical signaling in the developing avian retina: Focus on cyclic AMP and AKT-dependent pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1058925. [PMID: 36568967 PMCID: PMC9780464 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1058925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Communication between developing progenitor cells as well as differentiated neurons and glial cells in the nervous system is made through direct cell contacts and chemical signaling mediated by different molecules. Several of these substances are synthesized and released by developing cells and play roles since early stages of Central Nervous System development. The chicken retina is a very suitable model for neurochemical studies, including the study of regulation of signaling pathways during development. Among advantages of the model are its very well-known histogenesis, the presence of most neurotransmitter systems found in the brain and the possibility to make cultures of neurons and/or glial cells where many neurochemical functions develop in a similar way than in the intact embryonic tissue. In the chicken retina, some neurotransmitters or neuromodulators as dopamine, adenosine, and others are coupled to cyclic AMP production or adenylyl cyclase inhibition since early stages of development. Other substances as vitamin C and nitric oxide are linked to the major neurotransmitter glutamate and AKT metabolism. All these different systems regulate signaling pathways, including PKA, PKG, SRC, AKT and ERK, and the activation of the transcription factor CREB. Dopamine and adenosine stimulate cAMP accumulation in the chick embryo retina through activation of D1 and A2a receptors, respectively, but the onset of dopamine stimulation is much earlier than that of adenosine. However, adenosine can inhibit adenylyl cyclase and modulate dopamine-dependent cAMP increase since early developmental stages through A1 receptors. Dopamine stimulates different PKA as well as EPAC downstream pathways both in intact tissue and in culture as the CSK-SRC pathway modulating glutamate NMDA receptors as well as vitamin C release and CREB phosphorylation. By the other hand, glutamate modulates nitric oxide production and AKT activation in cultured retinal cells and this pathway controls neuronal survival in retina. Glutamate and adenosine stimulate the release of vitamin C and this vitamin regulates the transport of glutamate, activation of NMDA receptors and AKT phosphorylation in cultured retinal cells. In the present review we will focus on these reciprocal interactions between neurotransmitters or neuromodulators and different signaling pathways during retinal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. T. Duarte-Silva
- Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - L. G. R. Ximenes
- Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - M. Guimarães-Souza
- Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - I. Domith
- Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - R. Paes-de-Carvalho
- Program of Neurosciences, Institute of Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil,Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil,*Correspondence: R. Paes-de-Carvalho,
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Modulation of L-type calcium channels in Alzheimer's disease: A potential therapeutic target. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 21:11-20. [PMID: 36514335 PMCID: PMC9719069 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium plays a fundamental role in various signaling pathways and cellular processes in the human organism. In the nervous system, voltage-gated calcium channels such as L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) are critical elements in mediating neurotransmitter release, synaptic integration and plasticity. Dysfunction of LTCCs has been implicated in both aging and Alzheimer's Disease (AD), constituting a key component of calcium hypothesis of AD. As such, LTCCs are a promising drug target in AD. However, due to their structural and functional complexity, the mechanisms by which LTCCs contribute to AD are still unclear. In this review, we briefly summarize the structure, function, and modulation of LTCCs that are the backbone for understanding pathological processes involving LTCCs. We suggest targeting molecular pathways up-regulating LTCCs in AD may be a more promising approach, given the diverse physiological functions of LTCCs and the ineffectiveness of LTCC blockers in clinical studies.
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Key Words
- AC, adenylyl cyclase
- AD, Alzheimer’s Disease
- AHP, afterhyperpolarization
- AR, adrenoceptor
- Aging
- Alzheimer’s disease
- Aβ, β-amyloid
- BIN1, bridging integrator 1
- BTZs, benzothiazepines
- CDF, calcium-dependent facilitation
- CDI, calcium-dependent inactivation
- CaMKII, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II
- DHP, dihydropyridine
- L-type calcium channel
- LTCC, L-type calcium channels
- LTD, long-term depression
- LTP, long-term potentiation
- NFT, neurofibrillary tangles
- NMDAR, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor
- PAA, phenylalkylamines
- PKA, protein kinase A
- PKC, protein kinase C
- PKG, protein kinase G
- SFK, Src family kinase
- Tau
- VSD, voltage sensing domain
- β-Amyloid
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Collins MN, Mesce KA. A review of the bioeffects of low-intensity focused ultrasound and the benefits of a cellular approach. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1047324. [PMID: 36439246 PMCID: PMC9685663 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1047324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article highlights the historical developments and current state of knowledge of an important neuromodulation technology: low-intensity focused ultrasound. Because compelling studies have shown that focused ultrasound can modulate neuronal activity non-invasively, especially in deep brain structures with high spatial specificity, there has been a renewed interest in attempting to understand the specific bioeffects of focused ultrasound at the cellular level. Such information is needed to facilitate the safe and effective use of focused ultrasound to treat a number of brain and nervous system disorders in humans. Unfortunately, to date, there appears to be no singular biological mechanism to account for the actions of focused ultrasound, and it is becoming increasingly clear that different types of nerve cells will respond to focused ultrasound differentially based on the complement of their ion channels, other membrane biophysical properties, and arrangement of synaptic connections. Furthermore, neurons are apparently not equally susceptible to the mechanical, thermal and cavitation-related consequences of focused ultrasound application-to complicate matters further, many studies often use distinctly different focused ultrasound stimulus parameters to achieve a reliable response in neural activity. In this review, we consider the benefits of studying more experimentally tractable invertebrate preparations, with an emphasis on the medicinal leech, where neurons can be studied as unique individual cells and be synaptically isolated from the indirect effects of focused ultrasound stimulation on mechanosensitive afferents. In the leech, we have concluded that heat is the primary effector of focused ultrasound neuromodulation, especially on motoneurons in which we observed a focused ultrasound-mediated blockade of action potentials. We discuss that the mechanical bioeffects of focused ultrasound, which are frequently described in the literature, are less reliably achieved as compared to thermal ones, and that observations ascribed to mechanical responses may be confounded by activation of synaptically-coupled sensory structures or artifacts associated with electrode resonance. Ultimately, both the mechanical and thermal components of focused ultrasound have significant potential to contribute to the sculpting of specific neural outcomes. Because focused ultrasound can generate significant modulation at a temperature <5°C, which is believed to be safe for moderate durations, we support the idea that focused ultrasound should be considered as a thermal neuromodulation technology for clinical use, especially targeting neural pathways in the peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan N. Collins
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Karen A. Mesce
- Department of Entomology and Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
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Neuronal CaMKK2 promotes immunosuppression and checkpoint blockade resistance in glioblastoma. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6483. [PMID: 36309495 PMCID: PMC9617949 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34175-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is notorious for its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and is refractory to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Here, we identify calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) as a driver of ICB resistance. CaMKK2 is highly expressed in pro-tumor cells and is associated with worsened survival in patients with GBM. Host CaMKK2, specifically, reduces survival and promotes ICB resistance. Multimodal profiling of the TME reveals that CaMKK2 is associated with several ICB resistance-associated immune phenotypes. CaMKK2 promotes exhaustion in CD8+ T cells and reduces the expansion of effector CD4+ T cells, additionally limiting their tumor penetrance. CaMKK2 also maintains myeloid cells in a disease-associated microglia-like phenotype. Lastly, neuronal CaMKK2 is required for maintaining the ICB resistance-associated myeloid phenotype, is deleterious to survival, and promotes ICB resistance. Our findings reveal CaMKK2 as a contributor to ICB resistance and identify neurons as a driver of immunotherapeutic resistance in GBM.
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Mortimer KRH, Vernon-Browne H, Zille M, Didwischus N, Boltze J. Potential effects of commonly applied drugs on neural stem cell proliferation and viability: A hypothesis-generating systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:975697. [PMID: 36277493 PMCID: PMC9581168 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.975697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is an emerging and promising approach to combat neurodegenerative diseases. While NSCs can differentiate into neural cell types, many therapeutic effects are mediated by paracrine, “drug-like” mechanisms. Neurodegenerative diseases are predominantly a burden of the elderly who commonly suffer from comorbidities and thus are subject to pharmacotherapies. There is substantial knowledge about drug-drug interactions but almost nothing is known about a potential impact of pharmacotherapy on NSCs. Such knowledge is decisive for designing tailored treatment programs for individual patients. Previous studies revealed preliminary evidence that the anti-depressants fluoxetine and imipramine may affect NSC viability and proliferation. Here, we derive a hypothesis on how commonly applied drugs, statins and antihypertensives, may affect NSC viability, proliferation, and differentiation. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis looking at potential effects of commonly prescribed antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemic medication on NSC function. PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched on according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Publications were assessed against a priori established selection criteria for relevancy. A meta-analysis was then performed on data extracted from publications eligible for full text review to estimate drug effects on NSC functions. Our systematic review identified 1,017 potential studies, 55 of which were eligible for full text review. Out of those, 21 were included in the qualitative synthesis. The meta-analysis was performed on 13 publications; the remainder were excluded as they met exclusion criteria or lacked sufficient data to perform a meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists, an anti-hypertensive drug class [p < 0.05, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = –1.54; –0.35], and various statins [p < 0.05, 95% CI = –3.17; –0.0694] had an inhibiting effect on NSC proliferation. Moreover, we present preliminary evidence that L-type calcium channel blockers and statins, particularly lovastatin, may reduce NSC viability. Although the data available in the literature is limited, there are clear indications for an impact of commonly applied drugs, in particular statins, on NSC function. Considering the modes of action of the respective drugs, we reveal plausible mechanisms by which this impact may be mediated, creating a testable hypothesis, and providing insights into how future confirmative research on this topic may be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R H Mortimer
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marietta Zille
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine Didwischus
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition and Center for Neuroscience, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Johannes Boltze
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
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Xu S, Yu W, Zhang X, Wang W, Wang X. The regulatory role of Gnao1 protein in diabetic encephalopathy in KK-Ay mice and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Brain Res 2022; 1792:148012. [PMID: 35839930 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the regulation and functional role of Gnao1 in the brain of diabetic encephalopathy (DE) in various animal models. RESULTS Data from the biochemical and behavioral studies showed that DE models were successful induced in streptozotocin treatment animals and KK-Ay mice. Gnao1 was down regulated in the brain tissues of these two diabetes animal models with significant cognition deficiency. It suggested that the changes in DE are also related to dementia such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our study also showed that the expression of adrenergic α2 receptor (Adr-α2R), the upstream protein of Gnao1, was decreased in DE animal models. Furthermore, many downstream proteins of Gnao1 also altered, among which cAMP and PKA proteins were increased, CREB and BDNF proteins were decreased both in animal models and in the cell levels. In addition, Gnao1 silencing leads to the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the decreased proliferation in cultured primary astrocytes, which means that the deficiency of Gnao1 might not be benefit for DE. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated the importance of Gnao1 in DE and suggested Gnao1 as a novel marker and a promising therapeutic target for DE and dementia in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Liu D, Zinski A, Mishra A, Noh H, Park GH, Qin Y, Olorife O, Park JM, Abani CP, Park JS, Fung J, Sawaqed F, Coyle JT, Stahl E, Bendl J, Fullard JF, Roussos P, Zhang X, Stanton PK, Yin C, Huang W, Kim HY, Won H, Cho JH, Chung S. Impact of schizophrenia GWAS loci converge onto distinct pathways in cortical interneurons vs glutamatergic neurons during development. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:4218-4233. [PMID: 35701597 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01654-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Remarkable advances have been made in schizophrenia (SCZ) GWAS, but gleaning biological insight from these loci is challenging. Genetic influences on gene expression (e.g., eQTLs) are cell type-specific, but most studies that attempt to clarify GWAS loci's influence on gene expression have employed tissues with mixed cell compositions that can obscure cell-specific effects. Furthermore, enriched SCZ heritability in the fetal brain underscores the need to study the impact of SCZ risk loci in specific developing neurons. MGE-derived cortical interneurons (cINs) are consistently affected in SCZ brains and show enriched SCZ heritability in human fetal brains. We identified SCZ GWAS risk genes that are dysregulated in iPSC-derived homogeneous populations of developing SCZ cINs. These SCZ GWAS loci differential expression (DE) genes converge on the PKC pathway. Their disruption results in PKC hyperactivity in developing cINs, leading to arborization deficits. We show that the fine-mapped GWAS locus in the ATP2A2 gene of the PKC pathway harbors enhancer marks by ATACseq and ChIPseq, and regulates ATP2A2 expression. We also generated developing glutamatergic neurons (GNs), another population with enriched SCZ heritability, and confirmed their functionality after transplantation into the mouse brain. Then, we identified SCZ GWAS risk genes that are dysregulated in developing SCZ GNs. GN-specific SCZ GWAS loci DE genes converge on the ion transporter pathway, distinct from those for cINs. Disruption of the pathway gene CACNA1D resulted in deficits of Ca2+ currents in developing GNs, suggesting compromised neuronal function by GWAS loci pathway deficits during development. This study allows us to identify cell type-specific and developmental stage-specific mechanisms of SCZ risk gene function, and may aid in identifying mechanism-based novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxin Liu
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA.
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Amy Zinski
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Akanksha Mishra
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Haneul Noh
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Gun-Hoo Park
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Yiren Qin
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Oshoname Olorife
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - James M Park
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Chiderah P Abani
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Joy S Park
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Janice Fung
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Farah Sawaqed
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Joseph T Coyle
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Eli Stahl
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jaroslav Bendl
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - John F Fullard
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Panos Roussos
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (VISN 2 South), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Patric K Stanton
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Changhong Yin
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Weihua Huang
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Hae-Young Kim
- Department of Public Health, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Hyejung Won
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jun-Hyeong Cho
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Sangmi Chung
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA.
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Hsieh MY, Tuan LH, Chang HC, Wang YC, Chen CH, Shy HT, Lee LJ, Gau SSF. Altered synaptic protein expression, aberrant spine morphology, and impaired spatial memory in Dlgap2 mutant mice, a genetic model of autism spectrum disorder. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:4779-4793. [PMID: 36169576 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A microdeletion of approximately 2.4 Mb at the 8p23 terminal region has been identified in a Taiwanese autistic boy. Among the products transcribed/translated from genes mapped in this region, the reduction of DLGAP2, a postsynaptic scaffold protein, might be involved in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). DLGAP2 protein was detected in the hippocampus yet abolished in homozygous Dlgap2 knockout (Dlgap2 KO) mice. In this study, we characterized the hippocampal phenotypes in Dlgap2 mutant mice. Dlgap2 KO mice exhibited impaired spatial memory, indicating poor hippocampal function in the absence of DLGAP2. Aberrant expressions of postsynaptic proteins, including PSD95, SHANK3, HOMER1, GluN2A, GluR2, mGluR1, mGluR5, βCAMKII, ERK1/2, ARC, BDNF, were noticed in Dlgap2 mutant mice. Further, the spine density was increased in Dlgap2 KO mice, while the ratio of mushroom-type spines was decreased. We also observed a thinner postsynaptic density thickness in Dlgap2 KO mice at the ultrastructural level. These structural changes found in the hippocampus of Dlgap2 KO mice might be linked to impaired hippocampus-related cognitive functions such as spatial memory. Mice with Dlgap2 deficiency, showing signs of intellectual disability, a common co-occurring condition in patients with ASD, could be a promising animal model which may advance our understanding of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yen Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Heng Tuan
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Ching Chang
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Tzer Shy
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Susan Shur-Fen Gau
- Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Perry ACF, Asami M, Lam BYH, Yeo GSH. The initiation of mammalian embryonic transcription: to begin at the beginning. Trends Cell Biol 2022; 33:365-373. [PMID: 36182534 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Gamete (sperm and oocyte) genomes are transcriptionally silent until embryonic genome activation (EGA) following fertilization. EGA in humans had been thought to occur around the eight-cell stage, but recent findings suggest that it is triggered in one-cell embryos, by fertilization. Phosphorylation and other post-translational modifications during fertilization may instate transcriptionally favorable chromatin and activate oocyte-derived transcription factors (TFs) to initiate EGA. Expressed genes lay on cancer-associated pathways and their identities predict upregulation by MYC and other cancer-associated TFs. One interpretation of this is that the onset of EGA, and the somatic cell trajectory to cancer, are mechanistically related: cancer initiates epigenetically. We describe how fertilization might be linked to the initiation of EGA and involve distinctive processes recapitulated in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony C F Perry
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Maki Asami
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Brian Y H Lam
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Giles S H Yeo
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Arjun McKinney A, Petrova R, Panagiotakos G. Calcium and activity-dependent signaling in the developing cerebral cortex. Development 2022; 149:276624. [PMID: 36102617 PMCID: PMC9578689 DOI: 10.1242/dev.198853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Calcium influx can be stimulated by various intra- and extracellular signals to set coordinated gene expression programs into motion. As such, the precise regulation of intracellular calcium represents a nexus between environmental cues and intrinsic genetic programs. Mounting genetic evidence points to a role for the deregulation of intracellular calcium signaling in neuropsychiatric disorders of developmental origin. These findings have prompted renewed enthusiasm for understanding the roles of calcium during normal and dysfunctional prenatal development. In this Review, we describe the fundamental mechanisms through which calcium is spatiotemporally regulated and directs early neurodevelopmental events. We also discuss unanswered questions about intracellular calcium regulation during the emergence of neurodevelopmental disease, and provide evidence that disruption of cell-specific calcium homeostasis and/or redeployment of developmental calcium signaling mechanisms may contribute to adult neurological disorders. We propose that understanding the normal developmental events that build the nervous system will rely on gaining insights into cell type-specific calcium signaling mechanisms. Such an understanding will enable therapeutic strategies targeting calcium-dependent mechanisms to mitigate disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Arjun McKinney
- University of California 1 Graduate Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology , , San Francisco, CA 94143 , USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California 2 , San Francisco, CA 94143 , USA
- University of California 3 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , , San Francisco, CA 94143 , USA
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California 4 , San Francisco, CA 94143 , USA
| | - Ralitsa Petrova
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California 2 , San Francisco, CA 94143 , USA
- University of California 3 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , , San Francisco, CA 94143 , USA
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California 4 , San Francisco, CA 94143 , USA
| | - Georgia Panagiotakos
- University of California 1 Graduate Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology , , San Francisco, CA 94143 , USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California 2 , San Francisco, CA 94143 , USA
- University of California 3 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , , San Francisco, CA 94143 , USA
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California 4 , San Francisco, CA 94143 , USA
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42
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Mehrotra S, Pierce ML, Dravid SM, Murray TF. Stimulation of Neurite Outgrowth in Cerebrocortical Neurons by Sodium Channel Activator Brevetoxin-2 Requires Both N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor 2B (GluN2B) and p21 Protein (Cdc42/Rac)-Activated Kinase 1 (PAK1). Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20090559. [PMID: 36135748 PMCID: PMC9504648 DOI: 10.3390/md20090559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors play a critical role in activity-dependent dendritic arborization, spinogenesis, and synapse formation by stimulating calcium-dependent signaling pathways. Previously, we have shown that brevetoxin 2 (PbTx-2), a voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) activator, produces a concentration-dependent increase in intracellular sodium [Na+]I and increases NMDA receptor (NMDAR) open probabilities and NMDA-induced calcium (Ca2+) influxes. The objective of this study is to elucidate the downstream signaling mechanisms by which the sodium channel activator PbTx-2 influences neuronal morphology in murine cerebrocortical neurons. PbTx-2 and NMDA triggered distinct Ca2+-influx pathways, both of which involved the NMDA receptor 2B (GluN2B). PbTx-2-induced neurite outgrowth in day in vitro 1 (DIV-1) neurons required the small Rho GTPase Rac1 and was inhibited by both a PAK1 inhibitor and a PAK1 siRNA. PbTx-2 exposure increased the phosphorylation of PAK1 at Thr-212. At DIV-5, PbTx-2 induced increases in dendritic protrusion density, p-cofilin levels, and F-actin throughout the dendritic arbor and soma. Moreover, PbTx-2 increased miniature excitatory post-synaptic currents (mEPSCs). These data suggest that the stimulation of neurite outgrowth, spinogenesis, and synapse formation produced by PbTx-2 are mediated by GluN2B and PAK1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneet Mehrotra
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
- Omeros, Seattle, WA 98119, USA
| | - Marsha L. Pierce
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Shashank M. Dravid
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Thomas F. Murray
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-402-280-2319
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Pain hypersensitivity in a pharmacological mouse model of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2114094119. [PMID: 35858441 PMCID: PMC9335339 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2114094119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical evidence suggests that pain hypersensitivity develops in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the mechanisms and neural circuits involved in these interactions remain unknown because of the paucity of studies in animal models. We previously validated a mouse model of ADHD obtained by neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) injection. Here, we have demonstrated that 6-OHDA mice exhibit a marked sensitization to thermal and mechanical stimuli, suggesting that phenotypes associated with ADHD include increased nociception. Moreover, sensitization to pathological inflammatory stimulus is amplified in 6-OHDA mice as compared to shams. In this ADHD model, spinal dorsal horn neuron hyperexcitability was observed. Furthermore, ADHD-related hyperactivity and anxiety, but not inattention and impulsivity, are worsened in persistent inflammatory conditions. By combining in vivo electrophysiology, optogenetics, and behavioral analyses, we demonstrated that anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) hyperactivity alters the ACC-posterior insula circuit and triggers changes in spinal networks that underlie nociceptive sensitization. Altogether, our results point to shared mechanisms underlying the comorbidity between ADHD and nociceptive sensitization. This interaction reinforces nociceptive sensitization and hyperactivity, suggesting that overlapping ACC circuits may be targeted to develop better treatments.
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Liu R, Bai L, Liu M, Wang R, Wu Y, Li Q, Ba Y, Zhang H, Zhou G, Yu F, Huang H. Combined exposure of lead and high-fat diet enhanced cognitive decline via interacting with CREB-BDNF signaling in male rats. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 304:119200. [PMID: 35364187 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The health risks to populations induced by lead (Pb) and high-fat diets (HFD) have become a global public health problem. Pb and HFD often co-exist and are co-occurring risk factors for cognitive impairment. This study investigates effect of combined Pb and HFD on cognitive function, and explores the underlying mechanisms in terms of regulatory components of synaptic plasticity and insulin signaling pathway. We showed that the co-exposure of Pb and HFD further increased blood Pb levels, caused body weight loss and dyslipidemia. The results from Morris water maze (MWM) test and Nissl staining disclosed that Pb and HFD each contributed to cognitive deficits and neuronal damage and combined exposure enhanced this toxic injury. Pb and HFD decreased the levels of synapsin-1, GAP-43 and PSD-95 protein related to synaptic properties and SIRT1, NMDARs, phosphorylated CREB and BDNF related to synaptic plasticity regulatory, and these decreases was greater when combined exposure. Additionally, we revealed that Pb and HFD promoted IRS-1 phosphorylation and subsequently reduced downstream PI3K-Akt kinases phosphorylation in hippocampus and cortex of rats, and this process was aggravated when co-exposure. Collectively, our data suggested that combined exposure of Pb and HFD enhanced cognitive deficits, pointing to additive effects in rats than the individual stress effects related to multiple signaling pathways with CREB-BDNF signaling as the hub. This study emphasizes the need to evaluate the effects of mixed exposures on brain function in realistic environment and to better inform prevention of neurological disorders via modulating central pathway, such as CREB/BDNF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rundong Liu
- Department of Environmental Health &Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lin Bai
- Department of Environmental Health &Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengchen Liu
- Department of Environmental Health &Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ruike Wang
- Department of Environmental Health &Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yingying Wu
- Department of Environmental Health &Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Department of Environmental Health &Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yue Ba
- Department of Environmental Health &Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health &Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guoyu Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health &Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fangfang Yu
- Department of Environmental Health &Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Environmental Health &Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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45
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Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Reduce Apoptosis and Regulate BDNF and GDNF Levels in Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury in Neonatal Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137000. [PMID: 35806000 PMCID: PMC9266366 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Birth asphyxia causes brain injury in neonates, but a fully successful treatment has yet to be developed. This study aimed to investigate the effect of group II mGlu receptors activation after experimental birth asphyxia (hypoxia-ischemia) on the expression of factors involved in apoptosis and neuroprotective neurotrophins. Hypoxia-ischemia (HI) on 7-day-old rats was used as an experimental model. The effects of intraperitoneal application of mGluR2 agonist LY379268 (5 mg/kg) and the specific mGluR3 agonist NAAG (5 mg/kg) (1 h or 6 h after HI) on apoptotic processes and initiation of the neuroprotective mechanism were investigated. LY379268 and NAAG applied shortly after HI prevented brain damage and significantly decreased pro-apoptotic Bax and HtrA2/Omi expression, increasing expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. NAAG or LY379268 applied at both times also decreased HIF-1α formation. HI caused a significant decrease in BDNF concentration, which was restored after LY379268 or NAAG administration. HI-induced increase in GDNF concentration was decreased after administration of LY379268 or NAAG. Our results show that activation of mGluR2/3 receptors shortly after HI prevents brain damage by the inhibition of excessive glutamate release and apoptotic damage decrease. mGluR2 and mGluR3 agonists produced comparable results, indicating that both receptors may be a potential target for early treatment in neonatal HI.
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46
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Hartung JE, Moy JK, Loeza-Alcocer E, Nagarajan V, Jostock R, Christoph T, Schroeder W, Gold MS. Voltage-gated calcium currents in human dorsal root ganglion neurons. Pain 2022; 163:e774-e785. [PMID: 34510139 PMCID: PMC8882208 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Voltage-gated calcium channels in sensory neurons underlie processes ranging from neurotransmitter release to gene expression and remain a therapeutic target for the treatment of pain. Yet virtually all we know about voltage-gated calcium channels has been obtained through the study of rodent sensory neurons and heterologously expressed channels. To address this, high voltage-activated (HVA) Ca2+ currents in dissociated human and rat dorsal root ganglion neurons were characterized with whole-cell patch clamp techniques. The HVA currents from both species shared basic biophysical and pharmacological properties. However, HVA currents in human neurons differed from those in the rat in at least 3 potentially important ways: (1) Ca2+ current density was significantly smaller, (2) the proportion of nifedipine-sensitive currents was far greater, and (3) a subpopulation of human neurons displayed relatively large constitutive current inhibition. These results highlight the need to for the study of native proteins in their native environment before initiating costly clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane E Hartung
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, PA, USA
| | - Jamie K Moy
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, PA, USA
| | | | - Vidhya Nagarajan
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Michael S Gold
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, PA, USA
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Mehrotra S, Pierce ML, Cao Z, Jabba SV, Gerwick WH, Murray TF. Antillatoxin-Stimulated Neurite Outgrowth Involves the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) - Tropomyosin Related Kinase B (TrkB) Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:562-571. [PMID: 35239341 PMCID: PMC9245549 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) activators promote neurite outgrowth by augmenting intracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+]i) and upregulating N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) function. NMDAR activation stimulates calcium (Ca2+) influx and increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) release and activation of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) signaling. The BDNF-TrkB pathway has been implicated in activity-dependent neuronal development. We have previously shown that antillatoxin (ATX), a novel lipopeptide isolated from the cyanobacterium Moorea producens, is a VGSC activator that produces an elevation of [Na+]i. Here we address the effect of ATX on the synthesis and release of BDNF and determine the signaling mechanisms by which ATX enhances neurite outgrowth in immature cerebrocortical neurons. ATX treatment produced a concentration-dependent release of BDNF. Acute treatment with ATX also resulted in increased synthesis of BDNF. ATX stimulation of neurite outgrowth was prevented by pretreatment with a TrkB inhibitor or transfection with a dominant-negative Trk-B. The ATX activation of TrkB and Akt was blocked by both a NMDAR antagonist (MK-801) and a VGSC blocker (tetrodotoxin). These results suggest that VGSC activators such as the structurally novel ATX may represent a new pharmacological strategy to promote neuronal plasticity through a NMDAR-BDNF-TrkB-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneet Mehrotra
- Omeros, 201 Elliott Ave. West, Seattle, Washington 98119, United States
| | - Marsha L Pierce
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois 60515, United States
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Sairam V Jabba
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - William H Gerwick
- Center for Marine Biotech and Biomedicine, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093-0212, United States
| | - Thomas F Murray
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, United States
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48
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Acid Sphingomyelinase Is a Modulator of Contextual Fear. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063398. [PMID: 35328819 PMCID: PMC8954852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) regulates a variety of physiological processes and plays an important role in emotional behavior. The role of ASM in fear-related behavior has not been investigated so far. Using transgenic mice overexpressing ASM (ASMtg) and ASM deficient mice, we studied whether ASM regulates fear learning and expression of cued and contextual fear in a classical fear conditioning paradigm, a model used to investigate specific attributes of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We show that ASM does not affect fear learning as both ASMtg and ASM deficient mice display unaltered fear conditioning when compared to wild-type littermates. However, ASM regulates the expression of contextual fear in a sex-specific manner. While ASM overexpression enhances the expression of contextual fear in both male and female mice, ASM deficiency reduces the expression of contextual fear specifically in male mice. The expression of cued fear, however, is not regulated by ASM as ASMtg and ASM deficient mice display similar tone-elicited freezing levels. This study shows that ASM modulates the expression of contextual fear but not of cued fear in a sex-specific manner and adds a novel piece of information regarding the involvement of ASM in hippocampal-dependent aversive memory.
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49
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Electronic to ionic transduction of the electric field applied to PEDOT:PSS substrates to the cell cultures on top. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 145:108099. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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50
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Zheng N, Fitzpatrick V, Cheng R, Shi L, Kaplan DL, Yang C. Photoacoustic Carbon Nanotubes Embedded Silk Scaffolds for Neural Stimulation and Regeneration. ACS NANO 2022; 16:2292-2305. [PMID: 35098714 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Neural interfaces using biocompatible scaffolds provide crucial properties, such as cell adhesion, structural support, and mass transport, for the functional repair of nerve injuries and neurodegenerative diseases. Neural stimulation has also been found to be effective in promoting neural regeneration. This work provides a generalized strategy to integrate photoacoustic (PA) neural stimulation into hydrogel scaffolds using a nanocomposite hydrogel approach. Specifically, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNT), highly efficient photoacoustic agents, are embedded into silk fibroin to form biocompatible and soft photoacoustic materials. We show that these photoacoustic functional scaffolds enable nongenetic activation of neurons with a spatial precision defined by the area of light illumination, promoting neuron regeneration. These CNT/silk scaffolds offered reliable and repeatable photoacoustic neural stimulation, and 94% of photoacoustic-stimulated neurons exhibit a fluorescence change larger than 10% in calcium imaging in the light-illuminated area. The on-demand photoacoustic stimulation increased neurite outgrowth by 1.74-fold in a rat dorsal root ganglion model, when compared to the unstimulated group. We also confirmed that promoted neurite outgrowth by photoacoustic stimulation is associated with an increased concentration of neurotrophic factor (BDNF). As a multifunctional neural scaffold, CNT/silk scaffolds demonstrated nongenetic PA neural stimulation functions and promoted neurite outgrowth, providing an additional method for nonpharmacological neural regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincent Fitzpatrick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | | | | | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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