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Guo Y, Zhang S, Wang D, Heng BC, Deng X. Role of cell rearrangement and related signaling pathways in the dynamic process of tip cell selection. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:24. [PMID: 38195565 PMCID: PMC10777628 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01364-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a complex, highly-coordinated and multi-step process of new blood vessel formation from pre-existing blood vessels. When initiated, the sprouting process is spearheaded by the specialized endothelial cells (ECs) known as tip cells, which guide the organization of accompanying stalk cells and determine the function and morphology of the finally-formed blood vessels. Recent studies indicate that the orchestration and coordination of angiogenesis involve dynamic tip cell selection, which is the competitive selection of cells to lead the angiogenic sprouts. Therefore, this review attempt to summarize the underlying mechanisms involved in tip cell specification in a dynamic manner to enable readers to gain a systemic and overall understanding of tip cell formation, involving cooperative interaction of cell rearrangement with Notch and YAP/TAZ signaling. Various mechanical and chemical signaling cues are integrated to ensure the right number of cells at the right place during angiogenesis, thereby precisely orchestrating morphogenic functions that ensure correct patterning of blood vessels. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Guo
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Shihan Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Boon Chin Heng
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Department of Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xuliang Deng
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China.
- Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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2
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Payne S, Neal A, De Val S. Transcription factors regulating vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Dev Dyn 2024; 253:28-58. [PMID: 36795082 PMCID: PMC10952167 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) play a crucial role in regulating the dynamic and precise patterns of gene expression required for the initial specification of endothelial cells (ECs), and during endothelial growth and differentiation. While sharing many core features, ECs can be highly heterogeneous. Differential gene expression between ECs is essential to pattern the hierarchical vascular network into arteries, veins and capillaries, to drive angiogenic growth of new vessels, and to direct specialization in response to local signals. Unlike many other cell types, ECs have no single master regulator, instead relying on differing combinations of a necessarily limited repertoire of TFs to achieve tight spatial and temporal activation and repression of gene expression. Here, we will discuss the cohort of TFs known to be involved in directing gene expression during different stages of mammalian vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, with a primary focus on development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Payne
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsInstitute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, University of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Alice Neal
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsInstitute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, University of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Sarah De Val
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsInstitute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, University of OxfordOxfordUK
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3
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Rafael-Vidal C, Martínez-Ramos S, Malvar-Fernández B, Altabás-González I, Mouriño C, Veale DJ, Floudas A, Fearon U, Reigosa JMP, García S. Type I Interferons induce endothelial destabilization in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a Tie2-dependent manner. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1277267. [PMID: 38162654 PMCID: PMC10756137 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction is a hallmark of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Tie2 is a receptor essential for vascular stability. Inflammatory processes promote inhibition of Tie2 homeostatic activation, driving vascular dysfunction. In this work we determined whether type I Interferons (IFN) induce Tie2 signalling-mediated endothelial dysfunction in patients with SLE. Serum levels of Angiopoietin (Ang)-1, Ang-2 and soluble (s)Tie1 in patients with SLE and healthy controls were measured by ELISA. Monocytes from patients with SLE and Human Umbilical Vein EC (HUVEC) were stimulated with IFN-α, IFN-β (1000 I.U.) or SLE serum (20%). mRNA and protein expression, phosphorylation and translocation were determined by quantitative PCR, ELISA, Western Blot, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Viability and angiogenic capacity were determined by calcein and tube formation assays. We found that sTie1 and Ang-2 serum levels were increased and Ang-1 decreased in patients with SLE and were associated with clinical characteristics. Type I IFN significantly decreased Ang-1 and increased Ang-2 in monocytes from patients with SLE. Type I IFN increased sTie1 and Ang-2 secretion and reduced Tie2 activation in HUVEC. Functionally, type I IFN significantly reduced EC viability and impaired angiogenesis in a Tie2 signalling-dependent manner. Finally, SLE serum increased Ang-2 and sTie1 secretion and significantly decreased tube formation. Importantly, Tie1 and IFNAR1 knockdown reversed these effects in tube formation. Overall, type I IFN play an important role in the stability of EC by inhibiting Tie2 signalling, suggesting that these processes may be implicated in the cardiovascular events observed in patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rafael-Vidal
- Rheumatology and Immune-mediated Diseases Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Vigo, Spain
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Sara Martínez-Ramos
- Rheumatology and Immune-mediated Diseases Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Vigo, Spain
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Malvar-Fernández
- Rheumatology and Immune-mediated Diseases Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Vigo, Spain
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Irene Altabás-González
- Rheumatology and Immune-mediated Diseases Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Vigo, Spain
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Coral Mouriño
- Rheumatology and Immune-mediated Diseases Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Vigo, Spain
| | - Douglas J. Veale
- Molecular Rheumatology, Clinical Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases, St Vincent’s University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Ursula Fearon
- Molecular Rheumatology, Clinical Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases, St Vincent’s University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - José María Pego Reigosa
- Rheumatology and Immune-mediated Diseases Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Vigo, Spain
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Samuel García
- Rheumatology and Immune-mediated Diseases Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Vigo, Spain
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
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4
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Saberianpour S, Saeed Modaghegh MH, Montazer M, Kamyar MM, Sadeghipour Kerman F, Rahimi H. Relation Between Tissue Iron Content and Polarization of Macrophages in Diabetic Ulcer and the Transitional Zone of Diabetic Ulcers with Major Amputation. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2023; 22:672-679. [PMID: 34402324 DOI: 10.1177/15347346211037448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Most diabetic lower-limb amputations probably result from combinations of contributing causes rather than from unitary causes. Iron-induced damage might modulate the development of chronic diabetes complications. In this study, the relationship between tissue iron levels and polarization of macrophages in induction of angiogenesis was investigated in diabetic ulcer samples and the transitional zone of diabetic ulcers. Patients with diabetic ulcers who underwent amputation were included. The transitional zone of diabetic ulcers, from the same diabetic patients, was used as a control group. After tissue preparation, Perls Prussian blue staining and immunohistochemistry for CD11c, CD163, and CD68 markers were done. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), Tie2, and protein kinase B (also known as AKT) transcription of genes were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. For statistical analysis, we used independent samples t-test or its nonparametric equivalents, Mann-Whitney U test was used for quantitative variables, and chi-square (or Fisher's exact test) for qualitative variables. According to the results, the ratio of M2 to M1 macrophages was decreased in ulcers tissue compared to the transitional zone of diabetic ulcers. The expression of angiogenesis-related genes was increased due to hypoxia induction such as HIF and VEGF in ulcer tissue (P < .0001), but the expression of vascular stability-related genes such as Tie2 was decreased (P < .0001).In amputated diabetic ulcers, the polarization of macrophages is toward the classic type, but no connection was found in terms of tissue iron and help in the polarization of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Saberianpour
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohamad H Saeed Modaghegh
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Montazer
- Department of Pathology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad M Kamyar
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadeghipour Kerman
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Rahimi
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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5
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Davies EM, Gurung R, Le KQ, Roan KT, Harvey RP, Mitchell GM, Schwarz Q, Mitchell CA. PI(4,5)P 2-dependent regulation of endothelial tip cell specification contributes to angiogenesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd6911. [PMID: 37000875 PMCID: PMC10065449 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add6911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic positioning of endothelial tip and stalk cells, via the interplay between VEGFR2 and NOTCH signaling, is essential for angiogenesis. VEGFR2 activates PI3K, which phosphorylates PI(4,5)P2 to PI(3,4,5)P3, activating AKT; however, PI3K/AKT does not direct tip cell specification. We report that PI(4,5)P2 hydrolysis by the phosphoinositide-5-phosphatase, INPP5K, contributes to angiogenesis. INPP5K ablation disrupted tip cell specification and impaired embryonic angiogenesis associated with enhanced DLL4/NOTCH signaling. INPP5K degraded a pool of PI(4,5)P2 generated by PIP5K1C phosphorylation of PI(4)P in endothelial cells. INPP5K ablation increased PI(4,5)P2, thereby releasing β-catenin from the plasma membrane, and concurrently increased PI(3,4,5)P3-dependent AKT activation, conditions that licensed DLL4/NOTCH transcription. Suppression of PI(4,5)P2 in INPP5K-siRNA cells by PIP5K1C-siRNA, restored β-catenin membrane localization and normalized AKT signaling. Pharmacological NOTCH or AKT inhibition in vivo or genetic β-catenin attenuation rescued angiogenesis defects in INPP5K-null mice. Therefore, PI(4,5)P2 is critical for β-catenin/DLL4/NOTCH signaling, which governs tip cell specification during angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M. Davies
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Rajendra Gurung
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Kai Qin Le
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Katherine T. T. Roan
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Richard P. Harvey
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine and School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Geraldine M. Mitchell
- O’Brien Institute Department of St Vincent’s Institute and University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Health Sciences Faculty, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Quenten Schwarz
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Christina A. Mitchell
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Rada M, Kapelanski-Lamoureux A, Tsamchoe M, Petrillo S, Lazaris A, Metrakos P. Angiopoietin-1 Upregulates Cancer Cell Motility in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases through Actin-Related Protein 2/3. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2540. [PMID: 35626145 PMCID: PMC9139616 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy is a major challenge in the treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLMs). Vessel co-option has been identified as a key contributor to anti-angiogenic therapy resistance in CRCLMs. Recently, we identified a positive correlation between the expression of Angiopoietin1 (Ang1) in the liver and the development of vessel co-opting CRCLM lesions in vivo. However, the mechanisms underlying its stimulation of vessel co-option are unclear. Herein, we demonstrated Ang1 as a positive regulator of actin-related protein 2/3 (ARP2/3) expression in cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo, which is known to be essential for the formation of vessel co-option in CRCLM. Significantly, Ang1-dependent ARP2/3 expression was impaired in the cancer cells upon Tie2 or PI3K/AKT inhibition in vitro. Taken together, our results suggest novel mechanisms by which Ang1 confers the development of vessel co-option in CRCLM, which, targeting this pathway, may serve as promising therapeutic targets to overcome the development of vessel co-option in CRCLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miran Rada
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (A.K.-L.); (M.T.); (S.P.); (A.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter Metrakos
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (A.K.-L.); (M.T.); (S.P.); (A.L.)
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7
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Bats ML, Peghaire C, Delobel V, Dufourcq P, Couffinhal T, Duplàa C. Wnt/frizzled Signaling in Endothelium: A Major Player in Blood-Retinal- and Blood-Brain-Barrier Integrity. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2022; 12:a041219. [PMID: 35074794 PMCID: PMC9121893 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Wnt/frizzled signaling pathway is one of the major regulators of endothelial biology, controlling key cellular activities. Many secreted Wnt ligands have been identified and can initiate diverse signaling via binding to a complex set of Frizzled (Fzd) transmembrane receptors and coreceptors. Roughly, Wnt signaling is subdivided into two pathways: the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway whose main downstream effector is the transcriptional coactivator β-catenin, and the noncanonical Wnt signaling pathway, which is subdivided into the Wnt/Ca2+ pathway and the planar cell polarity pathway. Here, we will focus on its cross talk with other angiogenic pathways and on its role in blood-retinal- and blood-brain-barrier formation and its maintenance in a differentiated state. We will unravel how retinal vascular pathologies and neurovascular degenerative diseases result from disruption of the Wnt pathway related to vascular instability, and highlight current research into therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Lise Bats
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, UMR1034, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Department of Biochemistry, Pellegrin Hospital, University Hospital of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Claire Peghaire
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, UMR1034, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Valentin Delobel
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, UMR1034, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Pascale Dufourcq
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, UMR1034, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Thierry Couffinhal
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, UMR1034, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Centre d'exploration, de prévention et de traitement de l'athérosclérose (CEPTA), CHU Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Cécile Duplàa
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, UMR1034, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-33600 Pessac, France
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8
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Medina-Jover F, Riera-Mestre A, Viñals F. Rethinking growth factors: the case of BMP9 during vessel maturation. VASCULAR BIOLOGY (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2022; 4:R1-R14. [PMID: 35350597 PMCID: PMC8942324 DOI: 10.1530/vb-21-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an essential process for correct development and physiology. This mechanism is tightly regulated by many signals that activate several pathways, which are constantly interacting with each other. There is mounting evidence that BMP9/ALK1 pathway is essential for a correct vessel maturation. Alterations in this pathway lead to the development of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasias. However, little was known about the BMP9 signalling cascade until the last years. Recent reports have shown that while BMP9 arrests cell cycle, it promotes the activation of anabolic pathways to enhance endothelial maturation. In light of this evidence, a new criterion for the classification of cytokines is proposed here, based on the physiological objective of the activation of anabolic routes. Whether this activation by a growth factor is needed to sustain mitosis or to promote a specific function such as matrix formation is a critical characteristic that needs to be considered to classify growth factors. Hence, the state-of-the-art of BMP9/ALK1 signalling is reviewed here, as well as its implications in normal and pathogenic angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Medina-Jover
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut (Campus de Bellvitge), Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Riera-Mestre
- Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Viñals
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut (Campus de Bellvitge), Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Akwii RG, Mikelis CM. Targeting the Angiopoietin/Tie Pathway: Prospects for Treatment of Retinal and Respiratory Disorders. Drugs 2021; 81:1731-1749. [PMID: 34586603 PMCID: PMC8479497 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-021-01605-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic approaches have significantly advanced the treatment of vascular-related pathologies. The ephemeral outcome and known side effects of the current vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-based anti-angiogenic treatments have intensified research on other growth factors. The angiopoietin/Tie (Ang/Tie) family has an established role in vascular physiology and regulates angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and inflammatory responses. The Ang/Tie family consists of angiopoietins 1-4, their receptors, tie1 and 2 and the vascular endothelial-protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP). Modulation of Tie2 activation has provided a promising outcome in preclinical models and has led to clinical trials of Ang/Tie-targeting drug candidates for retinal disorders. Although less is known about the role of Ang/Tie in pulmonary disorders, several studies have revealed great potential of the Ang/Tie family members as drug targets for pulmonary vascular disorders as well. In this review, we summarize the functions of the Ang/Tie pathway in retinal and pulmonary vascular physiology and relevant disorders and highlight promising drug candidates targeting this pathway currently being or expected to be under clinical evaluation for retinal and pulmonary vascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Racheal Grace Akwii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 1406 S. Coulter St., Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Constantinos M Mikelis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 1406 S. Coulter St., Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA.
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Nazeer MA, Karaoglu IC, Ozer O, Albayrak C, Kizilel S. Neovascularization of engineered tissues for clinical translation: Where we are, where we should be? APL Bioeng 2021; 5:021503. [PMID: 33834155 PMCID: PMC8024034 DOI: 10.1063/5.0044027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the key challenges in engineering three-dimensional tissue constructs is the development of a mature microvascular network capable of supplying sufficient oxygen and nutrients to the tissue. Recent angiogenic therapeutic strategies have focused on vascularization of the constructed tissue, and its integration in vitro; these strategies typically combine regenerative cells, growth factors (GFs) with custom-designed biomaterials. However, the field needs to progress in the clinical translation of tissue engineering strategies. The article first presents a detailed description of the steps in neovascularization and the roles of extracellular matrix elements such as GFs in angiogenesis. It then delves into decellularization, cell, and GF-based strategies employed thus far for therapeutic angiogenesis, with a particularly detailed examination of different methods by which GFs are delivered in biomaterial scaffolds. Finally, interdisciplinary approaches involving advancement in biomaterials science and current state of technological development in fabrication techniques are critically evaluated, and a list of remaining challenges is presented that need to be solved for successful translation to the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Onur Ozer
- Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Cem Albayrak
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: and
| | - Seda Kizilel
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: and
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11
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Sako K, Sakai D, Nakamura Y, Schol J, Matsushita E, Warita T, Horikita N, Sato M, Watanabe M. Effect of Whole Tissue Culture and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor on Maintenance of Tie2 Molecule Expression in Human Nucleus Pulposus Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094723. [PMID: 33946902 PMCID: PMC8124367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous work showed a link between Tie2+ nucleus pulposus progenitor cells (NPPC) and disc degeneration. However, NPPC remain difficult to maintain in culture. Here, we report whole tissue culture (WTC) combined with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and chimeric FGF (cFGF) supplementation to support and enhance NPPC and Tie2 expression. We also examined the role of PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK pathways in FGF2 and cFGF-induced Tie2 expression. Young herniating nucleus pulposus tissue was used. We compared WTC and standard primary cell culture, with or without 10 ng/mL FGF2. PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK signaling pathways were examined through western blotting. Using WTC and primary cell culture, Tie2 positivity rates were 7.0 ± 2.6% and 1.9 ± 0.3% (p = 0.004), respectively. Addition of FGF2 in WTC increased Tie2 positivity rates to 14.2 ± 5.4% (p = 0.01). FGF2-stimulated expression of Tie2 was reduced 3-fold with the addition of the MEK inhibitor PD98059 (p = 0.01). However, the addition of 1 μM Akt inhibitor, 124015-1MGCN, only reduced small Tie2 expression (p = 0.42). cFGF similarly increased the Tie2 expression, but did not result in significant phosphorylation in both the MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways. WTC with FGF2 addition significantly increased Tie2 maintenance of human NPPC. Moreover, FGF2 supports Tie2 expression via MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signals. These findings offer promising tools and insights for the development of NPPC-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Sako
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan; (M.S.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Daisuke Sakai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan; (M.S.); (M.W.)
- Center for Musculoskeletal Innovative Research and Advancement (C-MiRA), Tokai University Graduate School, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Yoshihiko Nakamura
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan; (Y.N.); (J.S.); (E.M.); (T.W.); (N.H.)
| | - Jordy Schol
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan; (Y.N.); (J.S.); (E.M.); (T.W.); (N.H.)
| | - Erika Matsushita
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan; (Y.N.); (J.S.); (E.M.); (T.W.); (N.H.)
| | - Takayuki Warita
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan; (Y.N.); (J.S.); (E.M.); (T.W.); (N.H.)
| | - Natsumi Horikita
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan; (Y.N.); (J.S.); (E.M.); (T.W.); (N.H.)
| | - Masato Sato
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan; (M.S.); (M.W.)
- Center for Musculoskeletal Innovative Research and Advancement (C-MiRA), Tokai University Graduate School, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan; (M.S.); (M.W.)
- Center for Musculoskeletal Innovative Research and Advancement (C-MiRA), Tokai University Graduate School, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
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12
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Abstract
Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles that can transport cargos of proteins, lipids, DNA, various RNA species and microRNAs (miRNAs). Exosomes can enter cells and deliver their contents to recipient cell. Owing to their cargo exosomes can transfer different molecules to the target cells and change the phenotype of these cells. The fate of the contents of an exosome depends on its target destination. Various mechanisms for exosome uptake by target cells have been proposed, but the mechanisms responsible for exosomes internalization into cells are still debated. Exosomes exposed cells produce labeled protein kinases, which are expressed by other cells. This means that these kinases are internalized by exosomes, and transported into the cytoplasm of recipient cells. Many studies have confirmed that exosomes are not only secreted by living cells, but also internalized or accumulated by the other cells. The "next cell hypothesis" supports the notion that exosomes constitute communication vehicles between neighboring cells. By this mechanism, exosomes participate in the development of diabetes and its associated complications, critically contribute to the spreading of neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease, and non-proteolysed form of Fas ligand (mFasL)-bearing exosomes trigger the apoptosis of T lymphocytes. Furthermore, exosomes derived from human B lymphocytes induce antigen-specific major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-restricted T cell responses. Interestingly, exosomes secreted by cancer cells have been demonstrated to express tumor antigens, as well as immune suppressive molecules. This process is defined as "exosome-immune suppression" concept. The interplay via the exchange of exosomes between cancer cells and between cancer cells and the tumor stroma promote the transfer of oncogenes and onco-miRNAs from one cell to other. Circulating exosomes that are released from hypertrophic adipocytes are effective in obesity-related complications. On the other hand, the "inflammasome-induced" exosomes can activate inflammatory responses in recipient cells. In this chapter protein kinases-related checkpoints are emphasized considering the regulation of exosome biogenesis, secretory traffic, and their impacts on cell death, tumor growth, immune system, and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Engin
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
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13
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Manipulation of immune‒vascular crosstalk: new strategies towards cancer treatment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:2018-2036. [PMID: 33304777 PMCID: PMC7714955 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor vasculature is characterized by aberrant structure and function, resulting in immune suppressive profiles of tumor microenvironment through limiting immune cell infiltration into tumors, endogenous immune surveillance and immune cell function. Vascular normalization as a novel therapeutic strategy tends to prune some of the immature blood vessels and fortify the structure and function of the remaining vessels, thus improving immune stimulation and the efficacy of immunotherapy. Interestingly, the presence of "immune‒vascular crosstalk" enables the formation of a positive feedback loop between vascular normalization and immune reprogramming, providing the possibility to develop new cancer therapeutic strategies. The applications of nanomedicine in vascular-targeting therapy in cancer have gained increasing attention due to its specific physical and chemical properties. Here, we reviewed the recent advances of effective routes, especially nanomedicine, for normalizing tumor vasculature. We also summarized the development of enhancing nanoparticle-based anticancer drug delivery via the employment of transcytosis and mimicking immune cell extravasation. This review explores the potential to optimize nanomedicine-based therapeutic strategies as an alternative option for cancer treatment.
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14
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Hong G, Yan Y, Zhong Y, Chen J, Tong F, Ma Q. Combined Ischemic Preconditioning and Resveratrol Improved Bloodbrain Barrier Breakdown via Hippo/YAP/TAZ Signaling Pathway. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 18:713-722. [PMID: 31642795 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666191021144126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transient Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) is the main reason for brain injury and results in disruption of the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB). It had been reported that BBB injury is one of the main risk factors for early death in patients with cerebral ischemia. Numerous investigations focus on the study of BBB injury which have been carried out. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the treatment function of the activation of the Hippo/Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) signaling pathway by combined Ischemic Preconditioning (IPC) and resveratrol (RES) before brain Ischemia/Reperfusion (BI/R) improves Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) disruption in rats. METHODS Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were pretreated with 20 mg/kg RES and IPC and then subjected to 2 h of ischemia and 22 h of reperfusion. The cerebral tissues were collected; the cerebral infarct volume was determined; the Evans Blue (EB) level, the brain Water Content (BWC), and apoptosis were assessed; and the expressions of YAP and TAZ were investigated in cerebral tissues. RESULTS Both IPC and RES preconditioning reduced the cerebral infarct size, improved BBB permeability, lessened apoptosis, and upregulated expressions of YAP and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) compared to the Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) group, while combined IPC and RES significantly enhanced this action. CONCLUSION combined ischemic preconditioning and resveratrol improved blood-brain barrier breakdown via Hippo/YAP/TAZ signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganji Hong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Yan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, The Third Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yali Zhong
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianer Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Tong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Provincial Key Discipline of Pharmacology, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qilin Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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15
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Song P, Zhao Q, Zou MH. Targeting senescent cells to attenuate cardiovascular disease progression. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 60:101072. [PMID: 32298812 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common disease to increase as life expectancy increases. Most high-profile pharmacological treatments for age-related CVD have led to inefficacious results, implying that novel approaches to treating these pathologies are needed. Emerging data have demonstrated that senescent cardiovascular cells, which are characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest and a distinct senescence-associated secretory phenotype, accumulate in aged or diseased cardiovascular systems, suggesting that they may impair cardiovascular function. This review discusses the evidence implicating senescent cells in cardiovascular ageing, the onset and progression of CVD, and the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiovascular cell senescence. We also review eradication of senescent cardiovascular cells by small-molecule-drug-mediated apoptosis and immune cell-mediated efferocytosis and toxicity as promising and precisely targeted therapeutics for CVD prevention and treatment.
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16
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Zhou Z, Cui D, Sun MH, Huang JL, Deng Z, Han BM, Sun XW, Xia SJ, Sun F, Shi F. CAFs-derived MFAP5 promotes bladder cancer malignant behavior through NOTCH2/HEY1 signaling. FASEB J 2020; 34:7970-7988. [PMID: 32293074 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902659r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an important component of the tumor microenvironment and contribute to tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Microfibrillar-associated protein 5 (MFAP5), a component of elastic microfibers and an oncogenic protein in several types of tumors, is secreted by CAFs. However, the role of MFAP5 in the bladder cancer remains unclear. Here, we report that MFAP5 is upregulated in bladder cancer and is associated with poor patient survival. Downregulation of MFAP5 in CAFs led to an impairment in proliferation and invasion of bladder cancer cells. Luciferase reporter assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) showed QKI directly downregulates MFAP5 in CAFs. In addition, CAFs-derived MFAP5 led to an activation of the NOTCH2/HEY1 signaling pathway through direct interaction with the NOTCH2 receptor, thereby stimulating the N2ICD release. RNA-sequencing revealed that MFAP5-mediated PI3K-AKT signaling activated the DLL4/NOTCH2 pathway axis in bladder cancer. Moreover, downregulation of NOTCH2 by short hairpin RNA or the inactivating anti-body NRR2Mab was able to reverse the adverse effects of MFAP5 stimulation in vitro and in vivo. Together, these results demonstrate CAFs-derived MFAP5 promotes the bladder cancer proliferation and metastasis and provides new insight for targeting CAFs as novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Cui
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Hao Sun
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Lang Huang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Deng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bang-Min Han
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Sun
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Jie Xia
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Sun
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Shi
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Abstract
The transition between proliferating and quiescent states must be carefully regulated to ensure that cells divide to create the cells an organism needs only at the appropriate time and place. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are critical for both transitioning cells from one cell cycle state to the next, and for regulating whether cells are proliferating or quiescent. CDKs are regulated by association with cognate cyclins, activating and inhibitory phosphorylation events, and proteins that bind to them and inhibit their activity. The substrates of these kinases, including the retinoblastoma protein, enforce the changes in cell cycle status. Single cell analysis has clarified that competition among factors that activate and inhibit CDK activity leads to the cell's decision to enter the cell cycle, a decision the cell makes before S phase. Signaling pathways that control the activity of CDKs regulate the transition between quiescence and proliferation in stem cells, including stem cells that generate muscle and neurons. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:317-344, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary A Coller
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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18
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Yasuda D, Kobayashi D, Akahoshi N, Ohto-Nakanishi T, Yoshioka K, Takuwa Y, Mizuno S, Takahashi S, Ishii S. Lysophosphatidic acid-induced YAP/TAZ activation promotes developmental angiogenesis by repressing Notch ligand Dll4. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:4332-4349. [PMID: 31335323 DOI: 10.1172/jci121955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a potent lipid mediator with various biological functions mediated through six G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), LPA1-6. Previous studies have demonstrated that LPA-Gα12/Gα13 signaling plays an important role in embryonic vascular development. However, the responsible LPA receptors and underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we show a critical role of LPA4 and LPA6 in developmental angiogenesis. In mice, Lpa4;Lpa6 double knockout (DKO) embryos were lethal due to global vascular deficiencies, and endothelial cell (EC)-specific Lpa4;Lpa6 DKO retinas had impaired sprouting angiogenesis. Mechanistically, LPA activated the transcriptional regulators YAP and TAZ through LPA4/LPA6-mediated Gα12/Gα13-Rho-ROCK signaling in ECs. YAP/TAZ knockdown increased β-catenin- and Notch intracellular domain (NICD)-mediated endothelial expression of the Notch ligand delta-like 4 (DLL4). Fibrin gel sprouting assay revealed that LPA4/LPA6, Gα12/Gα13, or YAP/TAZ knockdown consistently blocked EC sprouting, which was rescued by a Notch inhibitor. Of note, the inhibition of Notch signaling also ameliorated impaired retinal angiogenesis in EC-specific Lpa4;Lpa6 DKO mice. Overall, these results suggest that the Gα12/Gα13-coupled receptors LPA4 and LPA6 synergistically regulate endothelial Dll4 expression through YAP/TAZ activation. This could in part account for the mechanism of YAP/TAZ-mediated developmental angiogenesis. Our findings provide a novel insight into the biology of GPCR-activated YAP/TAZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Yasuda
- Department of Immunology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Daiki Kobayashi
- Department of Immunology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Akahoshi
- Department of Immunology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Takayo Ohto-Nakanishi
- Department of Immunology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yoshioka
- Department of Vascular Molecular Physiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yoh Takuwa
- Department of Vascular Molecular Physiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Seiya Mizuno
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishii
- Department of Immunology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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19
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Shao L, Sottoriva K, Palasiewicz K, Zhang J, Hyun J, Soni SS, Paik NY, Gao X, Cuervo H, Malik AB, Rehman J, Lucas D, Pajcini KV. A Tie2-Notch1 signaling axis regulates regeneration of the endothelial bone marrow niche. Haematologica 2019; 104:2164-2177. [PMID: 30923091 PMCID: PMC6821596 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.208660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function studies have determined that Notch signaling is essential for hematopoietic and endothelial development. By deleting a single allele of the Notch1 transcriptional activation domain we generated viable, post-natal mice exhibiting hypomorphic Notch signaling. These heterozygous mice, which lack only one copy of the transcriptional activation domain, appear normal and have no endothelial or hematopoietic phenotype, apart from an inherent, cell-autonomous defect in T-cell lineage development. Following chemotherapy, these hypomorphs exhibited severe pancytopenia, weight loss and morbidity. This phenotype was confirmed in an endothelial-specific, loss-of-function Notch1 model system. Ang1, secreted by hematopoietic progenitors after damage, activated endothelial Tie2 signaling, which in turn enhanced expression of Notch ligands and potentiated Notch1 receptor activation. In our heterozygous, hypomorphic model system, the mutant protein that lacks the Notch1 transcriptional activation domain accumulated in endothelial cells and interfered with optimal activity of the wildtype Notch1 transcriptional complex. Failure of the hypomorphic mutant to efficiently drive transcription of key gene targets such as Hes1 and Myc prolonged apoptosis and limited regeneration of the bone marrow niche. Thus, basal Notch1 signaling is sufficient for niche development, but robust Notch activity is required for regeneration of the bone marrow endothelial niche and hematopoietic recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijian Shao
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Kilian Sottoriva
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Karol Palasiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Jizhou Zhang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - James Hyun
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Sweta S Soni
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Na Yoon Paik
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Xiaopei Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Henar Cuervo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Asrar B Malik
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Jalees Rehman
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Daniel Lucas
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kostandin V Pajcini
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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20
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Schaaf MB, Houbaert D, Meçe O, To SK, Ganne M, Maes H, Agostinis P. Lysosomal Pathways and Autophagy Distinctively Control Endothelial Cell Behavior to Affect Tumor Vasculature. Front Oncol 2019; 9:171. [PMID: 30949450 PMCID: PMC6435524 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell-stromal cell crosstalk is orchestrated by a plethora of ligand-receptor interactions generating a tumor microenvironment (TME) which favors tumor growth. The high pro-angiogenic nature of the TME perpetuates the chaotic network of structurally immature, low pericyte-covered vessels characteristic of the tumor vasculature. We previously demonstrated that chloroquine (CQ) -a lysosomotropic agent used as first-generation autophagy blocker in clinical trials- induced tumor vessel normalization and reduced tumor hypoxia. CQ improved both vessel structure and maturation, whereas the conditional knockout of the crucial autophagy gene Atg5 in endothelial cells (ECs) did not, thus highlighting a potential differential role for EC-associated autophagy and the lysosomes in pathological tumor angiogenesis. However, how CQ or ATG5-deficiency in ECs affect angiogenic signals regulating EC-pericyte interface and therefore vessel maturation, remains unknown. Here, we show that in ECs CQ constrained VEGF-A-mediated VEGF receptor (VEGFR)2 phosphorylation, a driver of angiogenic signaling. In the presence of CQ we observed increased expression of the decoy receptor VEGFR1 and of a lower molecular weight form of VEGFR2, suggesting receptor cleavage. Consequently, VEGF-A-driven EC spheroid sprouting was reduced by CQ treatment. Furthermore, CQ significantly affected the transcription and secretion of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AB/BB (upregulated) and Endothelin-1 (EDN1, downregulated), both modulators of perivascular cell (PC) behavior. In contrast, silencing of ATG5 in ECs had no effect on VEGFR2 to VEGFR1 ratio nor on PDGFB and EDN1 expression. Accordingly, mice harboring B16F10 melanoma tumors treated with CQ, displayed both an increased number of αSMA+ PCs covering tumor vessels and co-expressed PDGF receptor-β, enabling PDGF ligand dependent recruitment. Moreover, upon CQ treatment the tumoral expression of angiopoietin-1 (Angpt1), which retains mural cells, and induces vessel stabilization by binding to the EC-localized cognate receptor (TIE2), was increased thus supporting the vessel normalization function of CQ. These features associated with improved tumor vasculature were not phenocopied by the specific deletion of Atg5 in ECs. In conclusion, this study further unravels endothelial cell autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms by which CQ “normalizes” the intercellular communication in the tumor vasculature independent of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco B Schaaf
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diede Houbaert
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Odeta Meçe
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - San Kit To
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Ganne
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hannelore Maes
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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21
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He DK, Chen JF, Shao YR, Zhou FQ, Shen J. Adenovirus-delivered angiopoietin-1 ameliorates phosgene-induced acute lung injury via inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Inhal Toxicol 2019; 30:187-194. [PMID: 30257148 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2018.1492648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) is reported to have the ability to attenuate endothelial permeability and inflammation during the stress condition and is considered to play a critical role in vascular stabilization. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms involved in the protective effects of adenovirus-delivered Ang1 in phosgene-induced acute lung injury (ALI). METHODS ALI was induced in rats by phosgene exposure at 8.33 g/m3 for 5 min, followed by an intravenous injection of adenovirus-Ang1 (Ad/Ang1). The histologic changes of the lung were evaluated with H&E staining. The levels of cytokines in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined by ELISA. NLRP3 inflammasome activation was assessed with immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, Western blotting and TUNEL staining. RESULTS Histologic analyses suggested that reduced severity in phosgene-induced ALI with Ad/Ang1 treatment. Reduced levels of IL-1β, IL-18 and IL-33 were found in both serum and BALF samples from Ad/Ang1-treated ALI rats induced by phosgene. Moreover, immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that Ad/Ang1 treatment inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Decreased mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3 and caspase-1 were found in phosgene-exposed rats treated with Ad/Ang1. In addition, TUNEL staining indicated a decrease in pyroptosis in phosgene-exposed rats treated with Ad/Ang1. CONCLUSIONS Ang1 exerts beneficial effects on phosgene-induced lung injury via inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Disruption of NLRP3 inflammasome activation might be served as therapeutic modality for the treatment of phosgene-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Kun He
- a Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Medical Center of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Care, Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,c Medical Research Centre for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Care, Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Jun-Feng Chen
- a Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Medical Center of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Care, Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,c Medical Research Centre for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Care, Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yi-Ru Shao
- a Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Medical Center of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Care, Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,c Medical Research Centre for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Care, Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Fang-Qing Zhou
- a Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Medical Center of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Care, Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,c Medical Research Centre for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Care, Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Jie Shen
- a Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Medical Center of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Care, Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,c Medical Research Centre for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Care, Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
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22
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Jiang X, Tian W, Tu AB, Pasupneti S, Shuffle E, Dahms P, Zhang P, Cai H, Dinh TT, Liu B, Cain C, Giaccia AJ, Butcher EC, Simon MC, Semenza GL, Nicolls MR. Endothelial Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α Is Required for the Maintenance of Airway Microvasculature. Circulation 2019; 139:502-517. [PMID: 30586708 PMCID: PMC6340714 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.036157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), especially HIF-1α and HIF-2α, are key mediators of the adaptive response to hypoxic stress and play essential roles in maintaining lung homeostasis. Human and animal genetics studies confirm that abnormal HIF correlates with pulmonary vascular pathology and chronic lung diseases, but it remains unclear whether endothelial cell HIF production is essential for microvascular health. The large airway has an ideal circulatory bed for evaluating histological changes and physiology in genetically modified rodents. METHODS The tracheal microvasculature of mice, with conditionally deleted or overexpressed HIF-1α or HIF-2α, was evaluated for anatomy, perfusion, and permeability. Angiogenic signaling studies assessed vascular changes attributable to dysregulated HIF expression. An orthotopic tracheal transplantation model further evaluated the contribution of individual HIF isoforms in airway endothelial cells. RESULTS The genetic deletion of Hif-2α but not Hif-1α caused tracheal endothelial cell apoptosis, diminished pericyte coverage, reduced vascular perfusion, defective barrier function, overlying epithelial abnormalities, and subepithelial fibrotic remodeling. HIF-2α promoted microvascular integrity in airways through endothelial angiopoietin-1/TIE2 signaling and Notch activity. In functional tracheal transplants, HIF-2α deficiency in airway donors accelerated graft microvascular loss, whereas HIF-2α or angiopoietin-1 overexpression prolonged transplant microvascular perfusion. Augmented endothelial HIF-2α in transplant donors promoted airway microvascular integrity and diminished alloimmune inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that the constitutive expression of endothelial HIF-2α is required for airway microvascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinguo Jiang
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Wen Tian
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Allen B. Tu
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Shravani Pasupneti
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Eric Shuffle
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Petra Dahms
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Patrick Zhang
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Haoliang Cai
- University of Michigan School of Information, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Thanh T. Dinh
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Bo Liu
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Corey Cain
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | | | - Eugene C. Butcher
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - M. Celeste Simon
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Gregg L. Semenza
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Mark R. Nicolls
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
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Sharif Y, Jumah F, Coplan L, Krosser A, Sharif K, Tubbs RS. Blood brain barrier: A review of its anatomy and physiology in health and disease. Clin Anat 2018; 31:812-823. [PMID: 29637627 DOI: 10.1002/ca.23083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the principal regulator of transport of molecules and cells into and out of the central nervous system (CNS). It comprises endothelial cells, pericytes, immune cells, astrocytes, and basement membrane, collectively known as the neurovascular unit. The development of the barrier involves many complex pathways from all the progenitors of the neurovascular unit, but the timing of its formation is not entirely known. The coordinated activities of all the components of the neurovascular unit and other tissues ensure that materials required for growth and maintenance are allowed into the CNS while extraneous ones are excluded. This review summarizes current knowledge of the anatomy, development, and physiology of the BBB, and alterations that occur in disease conditions. Clin. Anat. 31:812-823, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra Sharif
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Fareed Jumah
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Louis Coplan
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Alec Krosser
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Kassem Sharif
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - R Shane Tubbs
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, Grenada.,Seattle Science Foundation, Seattle, Washington
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24
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Slater SC, Jover E, Martello A, Mitić T, Rodriguez-Arabaolaza I, Vono R, Alvino VV, Satchell SC, Spinetti G, Caporali A, Madeddu P. MicroRNA-532-5p Regulates Pericyte Function by Targeting the Transcription Regulator BACH1 and Angiopoietin-1. Mol Ther 2018; 26:2823-2837. [PMID: 30274787 PMCID: PMC6277430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs regulate endothelial function and angiogenesis, but their implication in pericyte biology remains undetermined. A PCR array, covering a panel of 379 human microRNAs, showed microRNA-532-5p to be one of the most differentially modulated by hypoxia, which was confirmed by qPCR in both skeletal muscle and adventitial pericytes. Furthermore, microRNA-532-5p was upregulated in murine muscular pericytes early after experimentally induced ischemia, decreasing below baseline after reperfusion. Transfection of human pericytes with anti-microRNA, microRNA-mimic, or controls indicates microRNA-532-5p modulates pro-angiogenic activity via transcriptional regulation of angiopoietin-1. Tie-2 blockade abrogated the ability of microRNA-532-5p-overexpressing pericytes to promote endothelial network formation in vitro. However, angiopoietin-1 is not a direct target of microRNA-532-5p. In silico analysis of microRNA-532-5p inhibitory targets associated with angiopoietin-1 transcription indicated three potential candidates, BACH1, HIF1AN, and EGLN1. Binding of microRNA-532-5p to the BACH1 3' UTR was confirmed by luciferase assay. MicroRNA-532-5p silencing increased BACH1, while a microRNA-532-5p mimic decreased expression. Silencing of BACH1 modulated angiopoietin-1 gene and protein expression. ChIP confirmed BACH1 transcriptional regulation of angiopoietin-1 promoter. Finally, microRNA-532-5p overexpression increased pericyte coverage in an in vivo Matrigel assay, suggesting its role in vascular maturation. This study provides a new mechanistic understanding of the transcriptional program orchestrating angiopoietin-1/Tie-2 signaling in human pericytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadie C Slater
- Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Eva Jover
- Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Andrea Martello
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Tijana Mitić
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Iker Rodriguez-Arabaolaza
- Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Rosa Vono
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan 20138, Italy
| | - Valeria V Alvino
- Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Simon C Satchell
- Bristol Renal, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Whitson Street, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Gaia Spinetti
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan 20138, Italy
| | - Andrea Caporali
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Paolo Madeddu
- Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK.
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Gong P, Zhang Z, Zou C, Tian Q, Chen X, Hong M, Liu X, Chen Q, Xu Z, Li M, Wang J. Hippo/YAP signaling pathway mitigates blood-brain barrier disruption after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Behav Brain Res 2018; 356:8-17. [PMID: 30092249 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries commonly lead to breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Restoration of the BBB can relieve neurologic damage caused by I/R injuries. The Hippo/YAP signaling pathway mediates cell proliferation, regulated cell death, and differentiation in various organisms and has been shown to participate in the restoration of the heart after I/R. In this study, we investigated whether the Hippo/YAP pathway plays a role in I/R injury in brain, especially in regard to I/R-induced BBB breakdown. The results of our study indicate that I/R injury led to an overall decrease in activity of the core proteins, YAP and TAZ, over a 24-h period. The most dramatic change was observed 1.5 h after reperfusion. In rats that underwent 1.5 h of reperfusion, intraperitoneal injection of YAP agonist dexamethasone activated YAP and TAZ and led to improved neurologic function, smaller brain infarct sizes, increased levels of tight junction proteins, decreased BBB permeability, decreased cerebral edema, and less apoptosis. Our results suggest that YAP exerts neuroprotective effects on the damaged brain that are likely related to restoration of the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pian Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Changlin Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Qi Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Michael Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Qianxue Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Mingchang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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26
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Redundant angiogenic signaling and tumor drug resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2018; 36:47-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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27
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Control of Blood Vessel Formation by Notch Signaling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1066:319-338. [PMID: 30030834 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-89512-3_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Blood vessels span throughout the body to nourish tissue cells and to provide gateways for immune surveillance. Endothelial cells that line capillaries have the remarkable capacity to be quiescent for years but to switch rapidly into the activated state once new blood vessels need to be formed. In addition, endothelial cells generate niches for progenitor and tumor cells and provide organ-specific paracrine (angiocrine) factors that control organ development and regeneration, maintenance of homeostasis and tumor progression. Recent data indicate a pivotal role for blood vessels in responding to metabolic changes and that endothelial cell metabolism is a novel regulator of angiogenesis. The Notch pathway is the central signaling mode that cooperates with VEGF, WNT, BMP, TGF-β, angiopoietin signaling and cell metabolism to orchestrate angiogenesis, tip/stalk cell selection and arteriovenous specification. Here, we summarize the current knowledge and implications regarding the complex roles of Notch signaling during physiological and tumor angiogenesis, the dynamic nature of tip/stalk cell selection in the nascent vessel sprout and arteriovenous differentiation. Furthermore, we shed light on recent work on endothelial cell metabolism, perfusion-independent angiocrine functions of endothelial cells in organ-specific vascular beds and how manipulation of Notch signaling may be used to target the tumor vasculature.
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28
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Du Z, Ma HL, Zhang ZY, Zheng JW, Wang YA. Transgenic Expression of A Venous Malformation Related Mutation, TIE2-R849W, Significantly Induces Multiple Malformations of Zebrafish. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:385-394. [PMID: 29511374 PMCID: PMC5835709 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.23054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A TIE2 mutation causing arginine-to-tryptophan substitution at residue 849 (TIE2-R849W) is commonly identified in heredofamilial venous malformation. However, there is no in vivo model to confirm the pathogenic role of TIE2-R849W. Humanized TIE2-R849W plasmid was constructed via PCR-mediated site-directed mutagenesis. After transcription and micro-injection, TIE2-R849W significantly induces multiple malformations in zebrafish: caudal vein plexus (CVP) defect, eye abnormalities, forebrain formation perturbations, and mandibular malformation. Histologically, these phenotypes accompany aphakia, confused retina plexiform layer, abnormal mandibular cartilage, ectopic myelencephalon proliferation and aberrant location of neurogliocytes. According to qRT-PCR, except for high expression of egfl7, the other CVP-related genes cd146, nr2f1a, and s1pr1 are not significantly different from control. TIE2-R849W also induced upregulation of the wnt signaling pathway. Gene array in vitro shows that under the effect of TIE2-R849W, consistent with high expression of pik3 and foxo1, high levels of egfl7, wnt9a, lrp5 and dkk1 were partly confirmed. This in vivo model directly identifies the venous-related pathogenic role of TIE2-R849W. Under up-regulation of TIE2-R849W, egfl7 could be considered a potential reason for venous defects. Moreover, the wnt pathway may perform an important role as a key trigger for head multi-malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Du
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Hai-Long Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Jia-Wei Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Yan-An Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
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29
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Urner S, Kelly-Goss M, Peirce SM, Lammert E. Mechanotransduction in Blood and Lymphatic Vascular Development and Disease. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2017; 81:155-208. [PMID: 29310798 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The blood and lymphatic vasculatures are hierarchical networks of vessels, which constantly transport fluids and, therefore, are exposed to a variety of mechanical forces. Considering the role of mechanotransduction is key for fully understanding how these vascular systems develop, function, and how vascular pathologies evolve. During embryonic development, for example, initiation of blood flow is essential for early vascular remodeling, and increased interstitial fluid pressure as well as initiation of lymph flow is needed for proper development and maturation of the lymphatic vasculature. In this review, we introduce specific mechanical forces that affect both the blood and lymphatic vasculatures, including longitudinal and circumferential stretch, as well as shear stress. In addition, we provide an overview of the role of mechanotransduction during atherosclerosis and secondary lymphedema, which both trigger tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Urner
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Molly Kelly-Goss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Shayn M Peirce
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Eckhard Lammert
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Beta Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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30
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Review of the endothelial pathogenic mechanism of TIE2-related venous malformation. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2017; 5:740-748. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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Sharma A, Bendre A, Mondal A, Muzumdar D, Goel N, Shiras A. Angiogenic Gene Signature Derived from Subtype Specific Cell Models Segregate Proneural and Mesenchymal Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2017; 7:146. [PMID: 28744448 PMCID: PMC5504164 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intertumoral molecular heterogeneity in glioblastoma identifies four major subtypes based on expression of molecular markers. Among them, the two clinically interrelated subtypes, proneural and mesenchymal, are the most aggressive with proneural liable for conversion to mesenchymal upon therapy. Using two patient-derived novel primary cell culture models (MTA10 and KW10), we developed a minimal but unique four-gene signature comprising genes vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) and angiopoietin 1 (ANG1), angiopoietin 2 (ANG2) that effectively segregated the proneural (MTA10) and mesenchymal (KW10) glioblastoma subtypes. The cell culture preclassified as mesenchymal showed elevated expression of genes VEGF-A, VEGF-B and ANG1, ANG2 as compared to the other cell culture model that mimicked the proneural subtype. The differentially expressed genes in these two cell culture models were confirmed by us using TCGA and Verhaak databases and we refer to it as a minimal multigene signature (MMS). We validated this MMS on human glioblastoma tissue sections with the use of immunohistochemistry on preclassified (YKL-40 high or mesenchymal glioblastoma and OLIG2 high or proneural glioblastoma) tumor samples (n = 30). MMS segregated mesenchymal and proneural subtypes with 83% efficiency using a simple histopathology scoring approach (p = 0.008 for ANG2 and p = 0.01 for ANG1). Furthermore, MMS expression negatively correlated with patient survival. Importantly, MMS staining demonstrated spatiotemporal heterogeneity within each subclass, adding further complexity to subtype identification in glioblastoma. In conclusion, we report a novel and simple sequencing-independent histopathology-based biomarker signature comprising genes VEGF-A, VEGF-B and ANG1, ANG2 for subtyping of proneural and mesenchymal glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Sharma
- National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India.,ExoCan Healthcare Technologies Pvt Ltd, Venture Centre, NCL Innovation Park, Pune, India
| | - Ajinkya Bendre
- National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
| | - Abir Mondal
- National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
| | | | - Naina Goel
- Seth G.S. Medical College, KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Anjali Shiras
- National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
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32
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The endothelial transcription factor ERG mediates Angiopoietin-1-dependent control of Notch signalling and vascular stability. Nat Commun 2017; 8:16002. [PMID: 28695891 PMCID: PMC5508205 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms16002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch and Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1)/Tie2 pathways are crucial for vascular maturation and stability. Here we identify the transcription factor ERG as a key regulator of endothelial Notch signalling. We show that ERG controls the balance between Notch ligands by driving Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4) while repressing Jagged1 (Jag1) expression. In vivo, this regulation occurs selectively in the maturing plexus of the mouse developing retina, where Ang1/Tie2 signalling is active. We find that ERG mediates Ang1-dependent regulation of Notch ligands and is required for the stabilizing effects of Ang1 in vivo. We show that Ang1 induces ERG phosphorylation in a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt-dependent manner, resulting in ERG enrichment at Dll4 promoter and multiple enhancers. Finally, we demonstrate that ERG directly interacts with Notch intracellular domain (NICD) and β-catenin and is required for Ang1-dependent β-catenin recruitment at the Dll4 locus. We propose that ERG coordinates Ang1, β-catenin and Notch signalling to promote vascular stability.
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33
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Peghaire C, Bats ML, Sewduth R, Jeanningros S, Jaspard B, Couffinhal T, Duplàa C, Dufourcq P. Fzd7 (Frizzled-7) Expressed by Endothelial Cells Controls Blood Vessel Formation Through Wnt/β-Catenin Canonical Signaling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:2369-2380. [PMID: 27758766 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.307926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vessel formation requires precise orchestration of a series of morphometric and molecular events controlled by a multitude of angiogenic factors and morphogens. Wnt/frizzled signaling is required for proper vascular formation. In this study, we investigated the role of the Fzd7 (frizzled-7) receptor in retinal vascular development and its relationship with the Wnt/β-catenin canonical pathway and Notch signaling. APPROACH AND RESULTS Using transgenic mice, we demonstrated that Fzd7 is required for postnatal vascular formation. Endothelial cell (EC) deletion of fzd7 (fzd7ECKO) delayed retinal plexus formation because of an impairment in tip cell phenotype and a decrease in stalk cell proliferation. Dvl (dishevelled) proteins are a main component of Wnt signaling and play a functionally redundant role. We found that Dvl3 depletion in dvl1-/- mice mimicked the fzd7ECKO vascular phenotype and demonstrated that Fzd7 acted via β-catenin activation by showing that LiCl treatment rescued impairment in tip and stalk cell phenotypes induced in fzd7 mutants. Deletion of fzd7 or Dvl1/3 induced a strong decrease in Wnt canonical genes and Notch partners' expression. Genetic and pharmacological rescue strategies demonstrated that Fzd7 acted via β-catenin activation, upstream of Notch signaling to control Dll4 and Jagged1 EC expression. CONCLUSIONS Fzd7 expressed by EC drives postnatal angiogenesis via activation of Dvl/β-catenin signaling and can control the integrative interaction of Wnt and Notch signaling during postnatal angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Peghaire
- From the Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM U1034, Pessac, France (M.L.B., S.J., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Bordeaux, U1034, France (M.L.B., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Service des Maladies cardiaques et vasculaires (T.C.) and Service de Biochimie clinique (M.L.B.), CHU de Bordeaux, France; National Heart and Lung Institute, Vascular Science, Imperial Center for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, United Kingdom (C.P.); and Laboratorium voor Endotheliale Moleculaire Biologie, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium (R.S.)
| | - Marie Lise Bats
- From the Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM U1034, Pessac, France (M.L.B., S.J., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Bordeaux, U1034, France (M.L.B., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Service des Maladies cardiaques et vasculaires (T.C.) and Service de Biochimie clinique (M.L.B.), CHU de Bordeaux, France; National Heart and Lung Institute, Vascular Science, Imperial Center for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, United Kingdom (C.P.); and Laboratorium voor Endotheliale Moleculaire Biologie, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium (R.S.)
| | - Raj Sewduth
- From the Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM U1034, Pessac, France (M.L.B., S.J., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Bordeaux, U1034, France (M.L.B., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Service des Maladies cardiaques et vasculaires (T.C.) and Service de Biochimie clinique (M.L.B.), CHU de Bordeaux, France; National Heart and Lung Institute, Vascular Science, Imperial Center for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, United Kingdom (C.P.); and Laboratorium voor Endotheliale Moleculaire Biologie, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium (R.S.)
| | - Sylvie Jeanningros
- From the Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM U1034, Pessac, France (M.L.B., S.J., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Bordeaux, U1034, France (M.L.B., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Service des Maladies cardiaques et vasculaires (T.C.) and Service de Biochimie clinique (M.L.B.), CHU de Bordeaux, France; National Heart and Lung Institute, Vascular Science, Imperial Center for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, United Kingdom (C.P.); and Laboratorium voor Endotheliale Moleculaire Biologie, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium (R.S.)
| | - Beatrice Jaspard
- From the Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM U1034, Pessac, France (M.L.B., S.J., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Bordeaux, U1034, France (M.L.B., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Service des Maladies cardiaques et vasculaires (T.C.) and Service de Biochimie clinique (M.L.B.), CHU de Bordeaux, France; National Heart and Lung Institute, Vascular Science, Imperial Center for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, United Kingdom (C.P.); and Laboratorium voor Endotheliale Moleculaire Biologie, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium (R.S.)
| | - Thierry Couffinhal
- From the Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM U1034, Pessac, France (M.L.B., S.J., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Bordeaux, U1034, France (M.L.B., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Service des Maladies cardiaques et vasculaires (T.C.) and Service de Biochimie clinique (M.L.B.), CHU de Bordeaux, France; National Heart and Lung Institute, Vascular Science, Imperial Center for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, United Kingdom (C.P.); and Laboratorium voor Endotheliale Moleculaire Biologie, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium (R.S.)
| | - Cécile Duplàa
- From the Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM U1034, Pessac, France (M.L.B., S.J., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Bordeaux, U1034, France (M.L.B., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Service des Maladies cardiaques et vasculaires (T.C.) and Service de Biochimie clinique (M.L.B.), CHU de Bordeaux, France; National Heart and Lung Institute, Vascular Science, Imperial Center for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, United Kingdom (C.P.); and Laboratorium voor Endotheliale Moleculaire Biologie, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium (R.S.)
| | - Pascale Dufourcq
- From the Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM U1034, Pessac, France (M.L.B., S.J., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Bordeaux, U1034, France (M.L.B., B.J., T.C., C.D., P.D.); Service des Maladies cardiaques et vasculaires (T.C.) and Service de Biochimie clinique (M.L.B.), CHU de Bordeaux, France; National Heart and Lung Institute, Vascular Science, Imperial Center for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, United Kingdom (C.P.); and Laboratorium voor Endotheliale Moleculaire Biologie, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium (R.S.).
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Pannella M, Caliceti C, Fortini F, Aquila G, Vieceli Dalla Sega F, Pannuti A, Fortini C, Morelli MB, Fucili A, Francolini G, Voltan R, Secchiero P, Dinelli G, Leoncini E, Ferracin M, Hrelia S, Miele L, Rizzo P. Serum From Advanced Heart Failure Patients Promotes Angiogenic Sprouting and Affects the Notch Pathway in Human Endothelial Cells. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:2700-10. [PMID: 26987674 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
It is unknown whether components present in heart failure (HF) patients' serum provide an angiogenic stimulus. We sought to determine whether serum from HF patients affects angiogenesis and its major modulator, the Notch pathway, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In cells treated with serum from healthy subjects or from patients at different HF stage we determined: (1) Sprouting angiogenesis, by measuring cells network (closed tubes) in collagen gel. (2) Protein levels of Notch receptors 1, 2, 4, and ligands Jagged1, Delta-like4. We found a higher number of closed tubes in HUVECs treated with advanced HF patients serum in comparison with cells treated with serum from mild HF patients or controls. Furthermore, as indicated by the reduction of the active form of Notch4 (N4IC) and of Jagged1, advanced HF patients serum inhibited Notch signalling in HUVECs in comparison with mild HF patients' serum and controls. The circulating levels of NT-proBNP (N-terminal of the pro-hormone brain natriuretic peptide), a marker for the detection and evalutation of HF, were positively correlated with the number of closed tubes (r = 0.485) and negatively with Notch4IC and Jagged1 levels in sera-treated cells (r = -0.526 and r = -0.604, respectively). In conclusion, we found that sera from advanced HF patients promote sprouting angiogenesis and dysregulate Notch signaling in HUVECs. Our study provides in vitro evidence of an angiogenic stimulus arising during HF progression and suggests a role for the Notch pathway in it. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 2700-2710, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Pannella
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Cristiana Caliceti
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Fortini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Aquila
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Pannuti
- Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Cinzia Fortini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Fucili
- University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, E.S. Health Science Foundation, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Gloria Francolini
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation IRCCS, Lumezzane, Italy
| | - Rebecca Voltan
- Department of Morphology, Surgery, and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Morphology, Surgery, and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Dinelli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuela Leoncini
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucio Miele
- Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Paola Rizzo
- Department of Morphology, Surgery, and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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El-Nabarawy EA, El-Hanafy GM, Rashed LA, Yasin FS. Expression of angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2, and their receptor Tie2 in verruca vulgaris (common skin warts). Int J Dermatol 2015; 55:e327-31. [PMID: 26695562 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis and vasodilatation are reported associated with the development of verruca vulgaris, yet vascular endothelial growth factor overexpression was not detected in the lesions of common warts. Angiopoietins, as angiogenesis factors, have not been studied before in warts. OBJECTIVES To assess tissue expression of angiopoietin 1 (Ang1), angiopoietin 2 (Ang2), and their receptor Tie2 in the lesions of common warts to try to identify their role as pro-angiogenic factors in the development of these lesions. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty patients with common skin warts and 50 age- and sex-matched controls were included in this study. Four millimeter punch skin biopsies were taken from warts and from normal skin of controls for the detection of gene expression of Ang1, Ang2, and Tie2 using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The mean levels of Ang1, Ang2, and Tie2 were significantly higher in the lesions of common warts compared to the normal skin of controls (P < 0.001 for all). CONCLUSIONS Upregulation of Ang1, Ang2, and Tie2 seems to play a possible role in the angiogenesis associated with common skin warts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A El-Nabarawy
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada M El-Hanafy
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila A Rashed
- Department ofMedical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma S Yasin
- Department of Dermatology, Bani Sweif Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
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Feitelson MA, Arzumanyan A, Kulathinal RJ, Blain SW, Holcombe RF, Mahajna J, Marino M, Martinez-Chantar ML, Nawroth R, Sanchez-Garcia I, Sharma D, Saxena NK, Singh N, Vlachostergios PJ, Guo S, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Bilsland A, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Boosani CS, Guha G, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Halicka D, Keith WN, Nowsheen S. Sustained proliferation in cancer: Mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S25-S54. [PMID: 25892662 PMCID: PMC4898971 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 403] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Proliferation is an important part of cancer development and progression. This is manifest by altered expression and/or activity of cell cycle related proteins. Constitutive activation of many signal transduction pathways also stimulates cell growth. Early steps in tumor development are associated with a fibrogenic response and the development of a hypoxic environment which favors the survival and proliferation of cancer stem cells. Part of the survival strategy of cancer stem cells may manifested by alterations in cell metabolism. Once tumors appear, growth and metastasis may be supported by overproduction of appropriate hormones (in hormonally dependent cancers), by promoting angiogenesis, by undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition, by triggering autophagy, and by taking cues from surrounding stromal cells. A number of natural compounds (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, indole-3-carbinol, brassinin, sulforaphane, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, genistein, ellagitannins, lycopene and quercetin) have been found to inhibit one or more pathways that contribute to proliferation (e.g., hypoxia inducible factor 1, nuclear factor kappa B, phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt, insulin-like growth factor receptor 1, Wnt, cell cycle associated proteins, as well as androgen and estrogen receptor signaling). These data, in combination with bioinformatics analyses, will be very important for identifying signaling pathways and molecular targets that may provide early diagnostic markers and/or critical targets for the development of new drugs or drug combinations that block tumor formation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Feitelson
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Alla Arzumanyan
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rob J Kulathinal
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Stacy W Blain
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Randall F Holcombe
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jamal Mahajna
- MIGAL-Galilee Technology Center, Cancer Drug Discovery Program, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria L Martinez-Chantar
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Roman Nawroth
- Department of Urology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Isidro Sanchez-Garcia
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neeraj K Saxena
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neetu Singh
- Tissue and Cell Culture Unit, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Shanchun Guo
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Maria Rosa Ciriolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Department of Research and Development, Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7YG, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Pathology, Karmonas Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Brander Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, MN, United States
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Netravathi M, Kumari R, Kapoor S, Dakle P, Dwivedi MK, Roy SD, Pandey P, Saini J, Ramakrishna A, Navalli D, Satishchandra P, Pal PK, Kumar A, Faruq M. Whole exome sequencing in an Indian family links Coats plus syndrome and dextrocardia with a homozygous novel CTC1 and a rare HES7 variation. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2015; 16:5. [PMID: 25928698 PMCID: PMC4422476 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-015-0151-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Coats plus syndrome is an autosomal recessive, pleiotropic, multisystem disorder characterized by retinal telangiectasia and exudates, intracranial calcification with leukoencephalopathy and brain cysts, osteopenia with predisposition to fractures, bone marrow suppression, gastrointestinal bleeding and portal hypertension. It is caused by compound heterozygous mutations in the CTC1 gene. Case presentation We encountered a case of an eight-year old boy from an Indian family with manifestations of Coats plus syndrome along with an unusual occurrence of dextrocardia and situs inversus. Targeted resequencing of the CTC1 gene as well as whole exome sequencing (WES) were conducted in this family to identify the causal variations. The identified candidate variations were screened in ethnicity matched healthy controls. The effect of CTC1 variation on telomere length was assessed using Southern blot. A novel homozygous missense mutation c.1451A > C (p.H484P) in exon 9 of the CTC1 gene and a rare 3′UTR known dbSNP variation (c.*556 T > C) in HES7 were identified as the plausible candidates associated with this complex phenotype of Coats plus and dextrocardia. This CTC1 variation was absent in the controls and we also observed a reduced telomere length in the affected individual’s DNA, suggesting its likely pathogenic nature. The reported p.H484P mutation is located in the N-terminal 700 amino acid regionthat is important for the binding of CTC1 to ssDNA through its two OB domains. WES data also showed a rare homozygous missense variation in the TEK gene in the affected individual. Both HES7 and TEK are targets of the Notch signaling pathway. Conclusions This is the first report of a genetically confirmed case of Coats plus syndrome from India. By means of WES, the genetic variations in this family with unique and rare complex phenotype could be traced effectively. We speculate the important role of Notch signaling in this complex phenotypic presentation of Coats plus syndrome and dextrocardia. The present finding will be useful for genetic diagnosis and carrier detection in the family and for other patients with similar disease manifestations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12881-015-0151-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjunath Netravathi
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of mental health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India.
| | - Renu Kumari
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi, India.
| | - Saketh Kapoor
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
| | - Pushkar Dakle
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi, India.
| | - Manish Kumar Dwivedi
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi, India.
| | - Sumitabho Deb Roy
- Proteomics and Structural Biology Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi, India.
| | - Paritosh Pandey
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of mental health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India.
| | - Jitender Saini
- Department of Neuroimaging & Interventional Neuroradiology, National Institute of mental health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560034, India.
| | - Anil Ramakrishna
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of mental health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India.
| | - Devaraddi Navalli
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of mental health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India.
| | - Parthasarathy Satishchandra
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of mental health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India.
| | - Pramod Kumar Pal
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of mental health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India.
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
| | - Mohammed Faruq
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi, India.
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Kashiwada T, Fukuhara S, Terai K, Tanaka T, Wakayama Y, Ando K, Nakajima H, Fukui H, Yuge S, Saito Y, Gemma A, Mochizuki N. β-Catenin-dependent transcription is central to Bmp-mediated formation of venous vessels. Development 2015; 142:497-509. [PMID: 25564648 DOI: 10.1242/dev.115576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
β-catenin regulates the transcription of genes involved in diverse biological processes, including embryogenesis, tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Endothelial cell (EC)-specific gene-targeting analyses in mice have revealed that β-catenin is required for vascular development. However, the precise function of β-catenin-mediated gene regulation in vascular development is not well understood, since β-catenin regulates not only gene expression but also the formation of cell-cell junctions. To address this question, we have developed a novel transgenic zebrafish line that allows the visualization of β-catenin transcriptional activity specifically in ECs and discovered that β-catenin-dependent transcription is central to the bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp)-mediated formation of venous vessels. During caudal vein (CV) formation, Bmp induces the expression of aggf1, a putative causative gene for Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, which is characterized by venous malformation and hypertrophy of bones and soft tissues. Subsequently, Aggf1 potentiates β-catenin transcriptional activity by acting as a transcriptional co-factor, suggesting that Bmp evokes β-catenin-mediated gene expression through Aggf1 expression. Bmp-mediated activation of β-catenin induces the expression of Nr2f2 (also known as Coup-TFII), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, to promote the differentiation of venous ECs, thereby contributing to CV formation. Furthermore, β-catenin stimulated by Bmp promotes the survival of venous ECs, but not that of arterial ECs. Collectively, these results indicate that Bmp-induced activation of β-catenin through Aggf1 regulates CV development by promoting the Nr2f2-dependent differentiation of venous ECs and their survival. This study demonstrates, for the first time, a crucial role of β-catenin-mediated gene expression in the development of venous vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Kashiwada
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Shigetomo Fukuhara
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Kenta Terai
- Laboratory of Function and Morphology, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Toru Tanaka
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Yuki Wakayama
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Koji Ando
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakajima
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Hajime Fukui
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Shinya Yuge
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Saito
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Akihiko Gemma
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan JST-CREST, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
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Dong Y, Zhang T, Li J, Deng H, Song Y, Zhai D, Peng Y, Lu X, Liu M, Zhao Y, Yi Z. Oridonin inhibits tumor growth and metastasis through anti-angiogenesis by blocking the Notch signaling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113830. [PMID: 25485753 PMCID: PMC4259472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
While significant progress has been made in understanding the anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects of the natural diterpenoid component Oridonin on tumor cells, little is known about its effect on tumor angiogenesis or metastasis and on the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, Oridonin significantly suppressed human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) proliferation, migration, and apillary-like structure formation in vitro. Using aortic ring assay and mouse corneal angiogenesis model, we found that Oridonin inhibited angiogenesis ex vivo and in vivo. In our animal experiments, Oridonin impeded tumor growth and metastasis. Immunohistochemistry analysis further revealed that the expression of CD31 and vWF protein in xenografts was remarkably decreased by the Oridonin. Furthermore, Oridonin reinforced endothelial cell-cell junction and impaired breast cancer cell transendothelial migration. Mechanistically, Oridonin not only down-regulated Jagged2 expression and Notch1 activity but also decreased the expression of their target genes. In conclusion, our results demonstrated an original role of Oridonin in inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and propose a mechanism. This study also provides new evidence supporting the central role of Notch in tumor angiogenesis and suggests that Oridonin could be a potential drug candidate for angiogenesis related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Dong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jingjie Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Huayun Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yajuan Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Dong Zhai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yi Peng
- Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang Yong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang Yong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology and Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States of America
| | - Yongxiang Zhao
- Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang Yong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- * E-mail: (ZY); (YZ)
| | - Zhengfang Yi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
- * E-mail: (ZY); (YZ)
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Liu X, Zhou X, Yuan W. The angiopoietin1–Akt pathway regulates barrier function of the cultured spinal cord microvascular endothelial cells through Eps8. Exp Cell Res 2014; 328:118-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Rooney P, Connolly M, Gao W, McCormick J, Biniecka M, Sullivan O, Kirby B, Sweeney C, Molloy E, Markham T, Fearon U, Veale DJ. Notch-1 mediates endothelial cell activation and invasion in psoriasis. Exp Dermatol 2014; 23:113-8. [PMID: 24330353 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Notch receptor-ligand interactions are critical for cell proliferation, differentiation and survival; however, the role of Notch signalling in psoriasis remains to be elucidated. Serum amyloid A (A-SAA) is an acute-phase protein with cytokine-like properties, regulates cell survival pathways and is implicated in many inflammatory conditions. To examine the role of Notch-1 signalling in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, Notch-1, DLL-4, Jagged-1, Hrt-1/Hrt-2, A-SAA, Factor VIII and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and/or protein expression in psoriasis skin biopsies, serum and dHMVEC were assessed by immunohistology, dual-immunofluorescence, real-time PCR, ELISA and Western blotting. A-SAA-induced angiogenesis and invasion in the presence of Notch-1 siRNA was assessed by matrigel tube formation assays and Transwell invasion assay. Increased Notch-1, its ligand DLL-4 and Hrt-1 expression were demonstrated in lesional skin compared with non-lesional skin, with greatest expression observed in the dermal vasculature (P < 0.05). Dual-immunofluorescent staining demonstrated co-localization of Notch-1 to endothelial cell marker Factor VIII. A significant increase in A-SAA levels was demonstrated in psoriasis serum compared with healthy control serum (P < 0.05), and A-SAA expression was higher in lesional skin compared with non-lesional. In dHMVEC, A-SAA significantly induced Jagged-1, Hrt-1 and VEGF mRNA expression (P < 0.05) and activated Notch-1 IC indicative of transcriptional regulation. In contrast, A-SAA significantly inhibited DLL-4 mRNA expression (P < 0.05). Finally A-SAA-induced angiogenesis and invasion were inhibited by Notch-1 siRNA (P < 0.05). Notch receptor-ligand interactions mediate vascular dysfunction in psoriasis and may represent a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peadar Rooney
- Department of Rheumatology, Dublin Academic Medical Centre and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, UCD, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Corada M, Morini MF, Dejana E. Signaling pathways in the specification of arteries and veins. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:2372-7. [PMID: 25169934 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The establishment of arterial and venous identity of endothelial cells is critical for the proper anatomic configuration and function of the vascular tree. Arterial and venous specification of endothelial cells is determined by genetic factors, although surrounding cells and hemodynamic forces may also contribute to vascular remodeling. This review provides an overview of the signaling pathways and related transcription factors implicated in differentiation of endothelial cells. We will discuss, in particular, the role of upstream and downstream effectors of Wnt, Sox, and Notch pathways. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms that orchestrate endothelial differentiation may have therapeutic relevance for diseases such as atherosclerosis, arteriovenous malformations, aneurysms, and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Corada
- From the IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy (M.C., M.F.M., E.D.); and Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy (E.D.)
| | - Marco Francesco Morini
- From the IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy (M.C., M.F.M., E.D.); and Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy (E.D.)
| | - Elisabetta Dejana
- From the IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy (M.C., M.F.M., E.D.); and Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy (E.D.).
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Detrimental effects of Notch1 signaling activated by cadmium in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1378. [PMID: 25118938 PMCID: PMC4454314 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We examined the roles of Notch1 signaling and its cross-talk with other signaling pathways, including p53 and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, in cadmium-induced cellular damage in HK-2 human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Following exposure to cadmium chloride (CdCl2), the level of Notch intracellular domain (NICD), the cleaved form of the Notch1 receptor, was increased and accumulated in the nuclear fraction. Knockdown of Notch1 with siRNA or treatment with the γ-secretase inhibitor, DAPT (N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl-L-alanyl)]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester), prevented CdCl2-induced morphological change of HK-2 cells and reduction of cell viability. Knockdown of Jagged1 or Jagged2, the ligands of the Notch1 receptor, partially suppressed cadmium cytotoxicity. Inhibition of p53 activity with pifithrin-α or inhibition of PI3K with LY294002 suppressed CdCl2-induced cellular damage and elevation of Notch1-NICD. In addition, treatment with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, AG1478, and the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor inhibitor, PPP, suppressed both Notch1-NICD accumulation and Akt phosphorylation in HK-2 cells exposed to CdCl2. However, knockdown of Notch1 did not affect CdCl2-induced p53 accumulation and phosphorylation but suppressed phosphorylation of EGFR, Akt, and p70 S6 kinase. Depletion of Notch1 suppressed CdCl2-induced reduction of E-cadherin expression and elevation of Snail expression. Furthermore, treatment with SB216763, an inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3, suppressed the potency of LY294002 treatment to reduce Snail expression in HK-2 cells exposed to CdCl2. Knockdown of Snail with siRNA partially prevented HK-2 cells from CdCl2-induced reduction of E-cadherin expression and cellular damage. These results suggest that cadmium exposure induces the activation of Notch1 signaling in renal proximal tubular cells with cooperative activation by the p53 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways; the resultant expression of Snail, a repressor of E-cadherin expression, might lead to cellular damage by decreasing cell-cell adhesion.
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Maes H, Kuchnio A, Peric A, Moens S, Nys K, De Bock K, Quaegebeur A, Schoors S, Georgiadou M, Wouters J, Vinckier S, Vankelecom H, Garmyn M, Vion AC, Radtke F, Boulanger C, Gerhardt H, Dejana E, Dewerchin M, Ghesquière B, Annaert W, Agostinis P, Carmeliet P. Tumor vessel normalization by chloroquine independent of autophagy. Cancer Cell 2014; 26:190-206. [PMID: 25117709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chloroquine (CQ) has been evaluated as an autophagy blocker for cancer treatment, but it is unknown if it acts solely by inhibiting cancer cell autophagy. We report that CQ reduced tumor growth but improved the tumor milieu. By normalizing tumor vessel structure and function and increasing perfusion, CQ reduced hypoxia, cancer cell invasion, and metastasis, while improving chemotherapy delivery and response. Inhibiting autophagy in cancer cells or endothelial cells (ECs) failed to induce such effects. CQ's vessel normalization activity relied mainly on alterations of endosomal Notch1 trafficking and signaling in ECs and was abrogated by Notch1 deletion in ECs in vivo. Thus, autophagy-independent vessel normalization by CQ restrains tumor invasion and metastasis while improving chemotherapy, supporting the use of CQ for anticancer treatment.
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MESH Headings
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Autophagy
- Autophagy-Related Protein 5
- Camptothecin/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Chloroquine/pharmacology
- Chloroquine/therapeutic use
- Drug Synergism
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/physiology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Humans
- Melanoma, Experimental/blood supply
- Melanoma, Experimental/drug therapy
- Melanoma, Experimental/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Nude
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/prevention & control
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Skin Neoplasms/blood supply
- Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannelore Maes
- Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Cell Death and Therapy, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anna Kuchnio
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Vesalius Research Center, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aleksandar Peric
- Department of Human Genetics and VIB-Center for the Biology of Disease, Laboratory for Membrane Trafficking, B-3000 Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Stijn Moens
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Vesalius Research Center, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kris Nys
- Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Cell Death and Therapy, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien De Bock
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Vesalius Research Center, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annelies Quaegebeur
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Vesalius Research Center, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Schoors
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Vesalius Research Center, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Georgiadou
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Vesalius Research Center, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jasper Wouters
- Department of Imaging & Pathology, Translational Cell and Tissue Research, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Development and Regeneration, Embryo and Stem Cells Unit, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Vinckier
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Vesalius Research Center, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hugo Vankelecom
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Embryo and Stem Cells Unit, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marjan Garmyn
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory Dermatology, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Freddy Radtke
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Life Science, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Boulanger
- Cardiovascular Research Center, INSERM UMR-970, Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Holger Gerhardt
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, London Research Institute, Cancer Research UK, London WC2A 3LY, UK; Department of Oncology, Vascular Patterning Laboratory, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Vesalius Research Center, Vascular Patterning Laboratory, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elisabetta Dejana
- Vascular Biology Program, IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Mieke Dewerchin
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Vesalius Research Center, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Ghesquière
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Vesalius Research Center, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Annaert
- Department of Human Genetics and VIB-Center for the Biology of Disease, Laboratory for Membrane Trafficking, B-3000 Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Cell Death and Therapy, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Vesalius Research Center, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Hale AT, Tian H, Anih E, Recio FO, Shatat MA, Johnson T, Liao X, Ramirez-Bergeron DL, Proweller A, Ishikawa M, Hamik A. Endothelial Kruppel-like factor 4 regulates angiogenesis and the Notch signaling pathway. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:12016-12028. [PMID: 24599951 PMCID: PMC4002108 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.530956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of endothelial cell biology by the Notch signaling pathway (Notch) is essential to vascular development, homeostasis, and sprouting angiogenesis. Although Notch determines cell fate and differentiation in a wide variety of cells, the molecular basis of upstream regulation of Notch remains poorly understood. Our group and others have implicated the Krüppel-like factor family of transcription factors as critical regulators of endothelial function. Here, we show that Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a central regulator of sprouting angiogenesis via regulating Notch. Using a murine model in which KLF4 is overexpressed exclusively in the endothelium, we found that sustained expression of KLF4 promotes ineffective angiogenesis leading to diminished tumor growth independent of endothelial cell proliferation or cell cycling effects. These tumors feature increased vessel density yet are hypoperfused, leading to tumor hypoxia. Mechanistically, we show that KLF4 differentially regulates expression of Notch receptors, ligands, and target genes. We also demonstrate that KLF4 limits cleavage-mediated activation of Notch1. Finally, we rescue Notch target gene expression and the KLF4 sprouting angiogenesis phenotype by supplementation of DLL4 recombinant protein. Identification of this hitherto undiscovered role of KLF4 implicates this transcription factor as a critical regulator of Notch, tumor angiogenesis, and sprouting angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Hale
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute and Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Hongmei Tian
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute and Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Ejike Anih
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute and Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Fernando O Recio
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute and Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Mohammad A Shatat
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute and Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
| | - Trent Johnson
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute and Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Xudong Liao
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute and Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Diana L Ramirez-Bergeron
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute and Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Aaron Proweller
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute and Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Masakazu Ishikawa
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute and Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Anne Hamik
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute and Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
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Rothweiler S, Terracciano L, Tornillo L, Dill MT, Heim MH, Semela D. Downregulation of the endothelial genes Notch1 and ephrinB2 in patients with nodular regenerative hyperplasia. Liver Int 2014; 34:594-603. [PMID: 23870033 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) is a rare liver disease characterized by small regenerative nodules without fibrosis and can cause portal hypertension. Aetiology and pathogenesis of NRH remain unclear. We have recently shown that Notch1 knockout induces NRH with portal hypertension through vascular remodelling in mice. The aim of this study was to analyse histological and clinical data of NRH patients and to explore if the endothelial pathways identified in our NRH mouse model are also regulated in human NRH. METHODS Patients were identified retrospectively from the pathology database. Clinical and laboratory patient data were retrieved. mRNA expression was measured in liver biopsies from a subset of NRH patients. RESULTS Diagnosis of NRH was confirmed in needle biopsies of 51 patients, including 31 patients with grade 1, 12 patients with grade 2 and 8 patients with grade 3 NRH. Grade 3 nodularity significantly correlated with the presence of portal hypertension: 50% of the patients with grade 3 NRH vs. 6.5% with grade 1 (P = 0.0105). mRNA expression analysis in liver biopsies from 14 NRH patients and in primary human sinusoidal endothelial cells revealed downregulation of identical genes as in the murine NRH model, which are implicated in vascular differentiation: Notch1, delta-like 4 (Dll4) and ephrinB2. CONCLUSIONS In this large NRH needle biopsy cohort, we demonstrated that advanced nodularity correlates with presence of portal hypertension. Downregulation of the endothelial signalling pathways Dll4/Notch1 and ephrinB2/EphB4 supports the hypothesis that human NRH is caused by a sinusoidal injury providing first insights into the molecular pathogenesis of this liver condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Rothweiler
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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47
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Yoon CH, Choi YE, Koh SJ, Choi JI, Park YB, Kim HS. High glucose-induced jagged 1 in endothelial cells disturbs notch signaling for angiogenesis: A novel mechanism of diabetic vasculopathy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 69:52-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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48
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Novel insights into the development and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 355:687-99. [PMID: 24590145 PMCID: PMC3972432 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-1811-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is essential for maintaining homeostasis within the central nervous system (CNS) and is a prerequisite for proper neuronal function. The BBB is localized to microvascular endothelial cells that strictly control the passage of metabolites into and out of the CNS. Complex and continuous tight junctions and lack of fenestrae combined with low pinocytotic activity make the BBB endothelium a tight barrier for water soluble moleucles. In combination with its expression of specific enzymes and transport molecules, the BBB endothelium is unique and distinguishable from all other endothelial cells in the body. During embryonic development, the CNS is vascularized by angiogenic sprouting from vascular networks originating outside of the CNS in a precise spatio-temporal manner. The particular barrier characteristics of BBB endothelial cells are induced during CNS angiogenesis by cross-talk with cellular and acellular elements within the developing CNS. In this review, we summarize the currently known cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating brain angiogenesis and introduce more recently discovered CNS-specific pathways (Wnt/β-catenin, Norrin/Frizzled4 and hedgehog) and molecules (GPR124) that are crucial in BBB differentiation and maturation. Finally, based on observations that BBB dysfunction is associated with many human diseases such as multiple sclerosis, stroke and brain tumors, we discuss recent insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in maintaining barrier characteristics in the mature BBB endothelium.
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49
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D'Amico G, Korhonen EA, Anisimov A, Zarkada G, Holopainen T, Hägerling R, Kiefer F, Eklund L, Sormunen R, Elamaa H, Brekken RA, Adams RH, Koh GY, Saharinen P, Alitalo K. Tie1 deletion inhibits tumor growth and improves angiopoietin antagonist therapy. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:824-34. [PMID: 24430181 DOI: 10.1172/jci68897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelial Tie1 receptor is ligand-less, but interacts with the Tie2 receptor for angiopoietins (Angpt). Angpt2 is expressed in tumor blood vessels, and its blockade inhibits tumor angiogenesis. Here we found that Tie1 deletion from the endothelium of adult mice inhibits tumor angiogenesis and growth by decreasing endothelial cell survival in tumor vessels, without affecting normal vasculature. Treatment with VEGF or VEGFR-2 blocking antibodies similarly reduced tumor angiogenesis and growth; however, no additive inhibition was obtained by targeting both Tie1 and VEGF/VEGFR-2. In contrast, treatment of Tie1-deficient mice with a soluble form of the extracellular domain of Tie2, which blocks Angpt activity, resulted in additive inhibition of tumor growth. Notably, Tie1 deletion decreased sprouting angiogenesis and increased Notch pathway activity in the postnatal retinal vasculature, while pharmacological Notch suppression in the absence of Tie1 promoted retinal hypervasularization. Moreover, substantial additive inhibition of the retinal vascular front migration was observed when Angpt2 blocking antibodies were administered to Tie1-deficient pups. Thus, Tie1 regulates tumor angiogenesis, postnatal sprouting angiogenesis, and endothelial cell survival, which are controlled by VEGF, Angpt, and Notch signals. Our results suggest that targeting Tie1 in combination with Angpt/Tie2 has the potential to improve antiangiogenic therapy.
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50
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Eelen G, Cruys B, Welti J, De Bock K, Carmeliet P. Control of vessel sprouting by genetic and metabolic determinants. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2013; 24:589-96. [PMID: 24075830 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Vessel sprouting by endothelial cells (ECs) during angiogenesis relies on a navigating tip cell and on proliferating stalk cells that elongate the shaft. To date, only genetic signals have been shown to regulate vessel sprouting. However, emerging evidence indicates that the angiogenic switch also requires a metabolic switch. Indeed, angiogenic signals not only induce a change in EC metabolism but this metabolic adaptation also co-determines vessel sprouting. The glycolytic activator PFKFB3 regulates stalk cell proliferation and renders ECs more competitive to reach the tip. We discuss the emerging link between angiogenesis and EC metabolism during the various stages of vessel sprouting, focusing only on genetic signals for which an effect on EC metabolism has been documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Eelen
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, Vesalius Research Center, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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