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Duranova H, Kuzelova L, Borotova P, Simora V, Fialkova V. Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells as a Versatile Cellular Model System in Diverse Experimental Paradigms: An Ultrastructural Perspective. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2024:ozae048. [PMID: 38817111 DOI: 10.1093/mam/ozae048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) are primary cells isolated from the vein of an umbilical cord, extensively used in cardiovascular studies and medical research. These cells, retaining the characteristics of endothelial cells in vivo, serve as a valuable cellular model system for understanding vascular biology, endothelial dysfunction, pathophysiology of diseases such as atherosclerosis, and responses to different drugs or treatments. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been a cornerstone in revealing the detailed architecture of multiple cellular model systems including HUVECs, allowing researchers to visualize subcellular organelles, membrane structures, and cytoskeletal elements. Among them, the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and nucleus can be meticulously examined to recognize alterations indicative of cellular responses to various stimuli. Importantly, Weibel-Palade bodies are characteristic secretory organelles found in HUVECs, which can be easily distinguished in the TEM. These distinctive structures also dynamically react to different factors through regulated exocytosis, resulting in complete or selective release of their contents. This detailed review summarizes the ultrastructural features of HUVECs and highlights the utility of TEM as a pivotal tool for analyzing HUVECs in diverse research frameworks, contributing valuable insights into the comprehension of HUVEC behavior and enriching our knowledge into the complexity of vascular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Duranova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Lenka Kuzelova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra Borotova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Simora
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Fialkova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
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Nascimento RB, Paiva KBS, Risteli M, Silva LHS, Rodini CO, Rodrigues MFSD, De Cicco R, Lopez RVM, Salo TA, Nunes FD, Xavier FCA. Loss of Caveolin-1 Expression in Tumor Cells is Associated with Increased Aggressiveness and Cell Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Head Neck Pathol 2023; 17:618-630. [PMID: 37233885 PMCID: PMC10513997 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-023-01562-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) expression are related to tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of CAV-1 in tumor progression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) tissue samples and the effect of CAV-1 silencing on two oral tongue SCC (OTSCC) cell lines (SCC-25, from a primary tumor, and HSC-3 from lymph node metastases). METHODS Mycroarray hybridization, mRNA expression, and immunohistochemistry were performed on OSCC tissue samples and corresponding non-tumoral margin tissues. The effects of CAV-1 silencing (siCAV-1) on cell viability, membrane fluidity, on the expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and on cell migration and invasion capacity of OTSCC cell lines were evaluated. RESULTS Microarray showed a greater CAV-1 expression (1.77-fold) in OSCC tumors than in non-tumoral tissues and 2.0-fold more in less aggressive OSCCs. However, significant differences in CAV-1 gene expression were not seen between tumors and non-tumoral margins nor CAV-1 with any clinicopathological parameters. CAV-1 protein was localized both in carcinoma and in spindle cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME), and CAV-1 positive TME cells were associated with smaller/more aggressive tumors, independent of the carcinoma cells' expression. Silencing of CAV-1 increased cell viability only in SCC-25 cells. It also stimulated the invasion of HSC-3 cells and increased ECAD and BCAT mRNA in these cells; however, the protein levels of the EMT markers were not affected. CONCLUSION Decreased expression of CAV-1 by tumor cells in OSCC and an increase in the TME were associated with increased cell invasiveness and tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Barros Nascimento
- Laboratório de Patologia Oral Cirúrgica, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Araújo Pinho, 62, Canela, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-150, Brazil
| | - Katiúcia Batista Silva Paiva
- Laboratório de Biologia da Matriz Extracelular e Interação Celular, Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maija Risteli
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Luiz Henrique Santos Silva
- Laboratório de Biologia da Matriz Extracelular e Interação Celular, Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Oliveira Rodini
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael De Cicco
- Departamento de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Instituto de Câncer Doutor Arnaldo Vieira de Carvalho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Tuula Anneli Salo
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fábio Daumas Nunes
- Laboratório de Patologia Molecular, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia Caló Aquino Xavier
- Laboratório de Patologia Oral Cirúrgica, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Araújo Pinho, 62, Canela, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-150, Brazil.
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Hong SG, Ashby JW, Kennelly JP, Wu M, Chattopadhyay E, Foreman R, Tontonoz P, Turowski P, Gallagher-Jones M, Mack JJ. Polarized Mechanosensitive Signaling Domains Protect Arterial Endothelial Cells Against Inflammation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.26.542500. [PMID: 37292837 PMCID: PMC10246006 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.26.542500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) in the descending aorta are exposed to high laminar shear stress, which supports an anti-inflammatory phenotype that protects them from atherosclerosis. High laminar shear stress also supports flow-aligned cell elongation and front-rear polarity, but whether this is required for athero-protective signaling is unclear. Here, we show that Caveolin-1-rich microdomains become polarized at the downstream end of ECs exposed to continuous high laminar flow. These microdomains are characterized by higher membrane rigidity, filamentous actin (F-actin) and lipid accumulation. Transient receptor potential vanilloid-type 4 (Trpv4) ion channels, while ubiquitously expressed, mediate localized Ca 2+ entry at these microdomains where they physically interact with clustered Caveolin-1. The resultant focal bursts in Ca 2+ activate the anti-inflammatory factor endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) within the confines of these domains. Importantly, we find that signaling at these domains requires both cell body elongation and sustained flow. Finally, Trpv4 signaling at these domains is necessary and sufficient to suppress inflammatory gene expression. Our work reveals a novel polarized mechanosensitive signaling hub that induces an anti-inflammatory response in arterial ECs exposed to high laminar shear stress.
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Chan NN, Yamazaki M, Maruyama S, Abé T, Haga K, Kawaharada M, Izumi K, Kobayashi T, Tanuma JI. Cholesterol Is a Regulator of CAV1 Localization and Cell Migration in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076035. [PMID: 37047005 PMCID: PMC10093846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol plays an important role in cancer progression, as it is utilized in membrane biogenesis and cell signaling. Cholesterol-lowering drugs have exhibited tumor-suppressive effects in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), suggesting that cholesterol is also essential in OSCC pathogenesis. However, the direct effects of cholesterol on OSCC cells remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of cholesterol in OSCC with respect to caveolin-1 (CAV1), a cholesterol-binding protein involved in intracellular cholesterol transport. Cholesterol levels in OSCC cell lines were depleted using methyl-β-cyclodextrin and increased using the methyl-β-cyclodextrin-cholesterol complex. Functional analysis was performed using timelapse imaging, and CAV1 expression in cholesterol-manipulated cells was investigated using immunofluorescence and immunoblotting assays. CAV1 immunohistochemistry was performed on surgical OSCC samples. We observed that cholesterol addition induced polarized cell morphology, along with CAV1 localization at the trailing edge, and promoted cell migration. Moreover, CAV1 was upregulated in the lipid rafts and formed aggregates in the plasma membrane in cholesterol-added cells. High membranous CAV1 expression in tissue specimens was associated with OSCC recurrence. Therefore, cholesterol promotes the migration of OSCC cells by regulating cell polarity and CAV1 localization to the lipid raft. Furthermore, membranous CAV1 expression is a potential prognostic marker for OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyein Nyein Chan
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Manabu Yamazaki
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maruyama
- Oral Pathology Section, Department of Surgical Pathology, Niigata University Hospital, Niigata 951-8520, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Abé
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Kenta Haga
- Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Masami Kawaharada
- Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Kenji Izumi
- Division of Biomimetics, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Tadaharu Kobayashi
- Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Tanuma
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Oral Pathology Section, Department of Surgical Pathology, Niigata University Hospital, Niigata 951-8520, Japan
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Sotodosos-Alonso L, Pulgarín-Alfaro M, Del Pozo MA. Caveolae Mechanotransduction at the Interface between Cytoskeleton and Extracellular Matrix. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060942. [PMID: 36980283 PMCID: PMC10047380 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane (PM) is subjected to multiple mechanical forces, and it must adapt and respond to them. PM invaginations named caveolae, with a specific protein and lipid composition, play a crucial role in this mechanosensing and mechanotransduction process. They respond to PM tension changes by flattening, contributing to the buffering of high-range increases in mechanical tension, while novel structures termed dolines, sharing Caveolin1 as the main component, gradually respond to low and medium forces. Caveolae are associated with different types of cytoskeletal filaments, which regulate membrane tension and also initiate multiple mechanotransduction pathways. Caveolar components sense the mechanical properties of the substrate and orchestrate responses that modify the extracellular matrix (ECM) according to these stimuli. They perform this function through both physical remodeling of ECM, where the actin cytoskeleton is a central player, and via the chemical alteration of the ECM composition by exosome deposition. Here, we review mechanotransduction regulation mediated by caveolae and caveolar components, focusing on how mechanical cues are transmitted through the cellular cytoskeleton and how caveolae respond and remodel the ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sotodosos-Alonso
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory, Novel Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Pulgarín-Alfaro
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory, Novel Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Del Pozo
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory, Novel Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Afzal MW, Duan K, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Qin B, Wang G, Lei L, Tang H, Guo Y. A rhodol-based fluorescent probe with a pair of hydrophilic and rotatable wings for sensitively monitoring intracellular polarity. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200063. [PMID: 35191194 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cell polarity, as a vital intracellular microenvironment characteristic, has immense effects on numerous pathological and biological processes. Therefore, the tracking of polarity variations is highly essential to explore the role and mechanism of the polarity in pathophysiological processes. Herein, we designed and synthesized a novel rhodol-based fluorescent probe RDS sensitive to polarity by introducing a bis(2-hydroxyethylthio)methyl group, like a pair of hydrophilic and rotatable wings, into the rhodol skeleton. This unique design makes RDS adopt the colorless and non-fluorescent spirocyclic form in low polarity medium while the colored and fluorescent ring-open form in high polarity system, resulting in a positive-correlation response of fluorescence intension to polarity. Importantly, RDS was successfully applied to monitor the polarity changes in living cells including cancer cells, healthy cells and senescent healthy cells, visualizing that the polarity of cancer cells is lower than that of healthy cells in which the more senescent ones have higher polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaixuan Duan
- Northwest University, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, CHINA
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Northwest University, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, CHINA
| | - Ying Gao
- Northwest University, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, CHINA
| | - Bo Qin
- Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, School of Automation, CHINA
| | - Guangwei Wang
- Northwest University, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, CHINA
| | - Lin Lei
- Northwest University, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, CHINA
| | - Haoyang Tang
- Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, School of Automation, CHINA
| | - Yuan Guo
- Northwest University, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, 1 Xuefu Road, Chang'an district, 710127, Xi'an, CHINA
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7
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Chen W, Cheng X, Wang X, Hu W, Wang J, Liao C. Caveolin-1 promotes tumor cell proliferation and vasculogenic mimicry formation in human glioma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 54:e10653. [PMID: 34287575 PMCID: PMC8289350 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2020e10653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) plays an important role in human glioma progression and resistance to antiangiogenic therapy as a compensatory neovascularization mechanism in malignant tumors. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) has been found to contribute to VM formation. However, it remains largely unknown whether Cav-1 expression correlates with VM in glioma. In this study, we examined CAV-1 expression levels and VM in human glioma cell lines and in 94 human gliomas with different grades of malignancy, and present Cox proportional hazards regression. The molecular role of Cav-1 in glioma cells was investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays, western blotting, CCK-8 assays, and tubule formation assays. Cav-1 expression and VM formation were positively correlated with each other and both were closely associated with glioma development and progression as evidenced by the presence of cystic tumor, shortened survival time, and advanced-stage glioma in glioma patients with Cav-1 overexpression/increased VM formation. Cav-1 promoted U251 glioma cell proliferation and VM formation in a Matrigel-based 3D culture model. VM-associated factors including hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and p-Akt was significantly elevated by Cav-1 overexpression but suppressed by siCav-1 in U251 cells. Collectively, our study identified Cav-1 as an important regulator of glioma cell proliferation and VM formation, contributing to glioma development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Cheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Hu
- Laboratory of Ocular Neurovascular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinshan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuangxin Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Jozic I, Abujamra BA, Elliott MH, Wikramanayake TC, Marjanovic J, Stone RC, Head CR, Pastar I, Kirsner RS, Andreopoulos FM, Musi JP, Tomic-Canic M. Glucocorticoid-mediated induction of caveolin-1 disrupts cytoskeletal organization, inhibits cell migration and re-epithelialization of non-healing wounds. Commun Biol 2021; 4:757. [PMID: 34145387 PMCID: PMC8213848 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02298-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although impaired keratinocyte migration is a recognized hallmark of chronic wounds, the molecular mechanisms underpinning impaired cell movement are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that both diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and venous leg ulcers (VLUs) exhibit global deregulation of cytoskeletal organization in genomic comparison to normal skin and acute wounds. Interestingly, we found that DFUs and VLUs exhibited downregulation of ArhGAP35, which serves both as an inactivator of RhoA and as a glucocorticoid repressor. Since chronic wounds exhibit elevated levels of cortisol and caveolin-1 (Cav1), we posited that observed elevation of Cav1 expression may contribute to impaired actin-cytoskeletal signaling, manifesting in aberrant keratinocyte migration. We showed that Cav1 indeed antagonizes ArhGAP35, resulting in increased activation of RhoA and diminished activation of Cdc42, which can be rescued by Cav1 disruption. Furthermore, we demonstrate that both inducible keratinocyte specific Cav1 knockout mice, and MβCD treated diabetic mice, exhibit accelerated wound closure. Taken together, our findings provide a previously unreported mechanism by which Cav1-mediated cytoskeletal organization prevents wound closure in patients with chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Jozic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Beatriz Abdo Abujamra
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Michael H Elliott
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Physiology, and Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Tongyu C Wikramanayake
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jelena Marjanovic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rivka C Stone
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Cheyanne R Head
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Irena Pastar
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Robert S Kirsner
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Fotios M Andreopoulos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Juan P Musi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Marjana Tomic-Canic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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Type I interferon activation and endothelial dysfunction in caveolin-1 insufficiency-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2010206118. [PMID: 33836561 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2010206118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferonopathies, interferon (IFN)-α/β therapy, and caveolin-1 (CAV1) loss-of-function have all been associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Here, CAV1-silenced primary human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) were proliferative and hypermigratory, with reduced cytoskeletal stress fibers. Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) were both constitutively activated in these cells, resulting in a type I IFN-biased inflammatory signature. Cav1 -/- mice that spontaneously develop pulmonary hypertension were found to have STAT1 and AKT activation in lung homogenates and increased circulating levels of CXCL10, a hallmark of IFN-mediated inflammation. PAH patients with CAV1 mutations also had elevated serum CXCL10 levels and their fibroblasts mirrored phenotypic and molecular features of CAV1-deficient PAECs. Moreover, immunofluorescence staining revealed endothelial CAV1 loss and STAT1 activation in the pulmonary arterioles of patients with idiopathic PAH, suggesting that this paradigm might not be limited to rare CAV1 frameshift mutations. While blocking JAK/STAT or AKT rescued aspects of CAV1 loss, only AKT inhibitors suppressed activation of both signaling pathways simultaneously. Silencing endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) prevented STAT1 and AKT activation induced by CAV1 loss, implicating CAV1/NOS3 uncoupling and NOS3 dysregulation in the inflammatory phenotype. Exogenous IFN reduced CAV1 expression, activated STAT1 and AKT, and altered the cytoskeleton of PAECs, implicating these mechanisms in PAH associated with autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, as well as IFN therapy. CAV1 insufficiency elicits an IFN inflammatory response that results in a dysfunctional endothelial cell phenotype and targeting this pathway may reduce pathologic vascular remodeling in PAH.
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Abstract
Caveolin-1 (CAV1) has long been implicated in cancer progression, and while widely accepted as an oncogenic protein, CAV1 also has tumor suppressor activity. CAV1 was first identified in an early study as the primary substrate of Src kinase, a potent oncoprotein, where its phosphorylation correlated with cellular transformation. Indeed, CAV1 phosphorylation on tyrosine-14 (Y14; pCAV1) has been associated with several cancer-associated processes such as focal adhesion dynamics, tumor cell migration and invasion, growth suppression, cancer cell metabolism, and mechanical and oxidative stress. Despite this, a clear understanding of the role of Y14-phosphorylated pCAV1 in cancer progression has not been thoroughly established. Here, we provide an overview of the role of Src-dependent phosphorylation of tumor cell CAV1 in cancer progression, focusing on pCAV1 in tumor cell migration, focal adhesion signaling and metabolism, and in the cancer cell response to stress pathways characteristic of the tumor microenvironment. We also discuss a model for Y14 phosphorylation regulation of CAV1 effector protein interactions via the caveolin scaffolding domain.
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Src-family kinase inhibitors block early steps of caveolin-1-enhanced lung metastasis by melanoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:113941. [PMID: 32240650 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In advanced stages of cancer disease, caveolin-1 (CAV1) expression increases and correlates with increased migratory and invasive capacity of the respective tumor cells. Previous findings from our laboratory revealed that specific ECM-integrin interactions and tyrosine-14 phosphorylation of CAV1 are required for CAV1-enhanced melanoma cell migration, invasion and metastasis in vivo. In this context, CAV1 phosphorylation on tyrosine-14 mediated by non-receptor Src-family tyrosine kinases seems to be important; however, the effect of Src-family kinase inhibitors on CAV1-enhanced metastasis in vivo has not been studied. Here, we evaluated the effect of CAV1 and c-Abl overexpression, as well as the use of the Src-family kinase inhibitors, PP2 and dasatinib (more specific for Src/Abl) in lung metastasis of B16F10 melanoma cells. Overexpression of CAV1 and c-Abl enhanced CAV1 phosphorylation and the metastatic potential of the B16F10 murine melanoma cells. Alternatively, treatment with PP2 or dasatinib for 2 h reduced CAV1 tyrosine-14 phosphorylation and levels recovered fully within 12 h of removing the inhibitors. Nonetheless, pre-treatment of cells with these inhibitors for 2 h sufficed to prevent migration, invasion and trans-endothelial migration in vitro. Importantly, the transient decrease in CAV1 phosphorylation by these kinase inhibitors prevented early steps of CAV1-enhanced lung metastasis by B16F10 melanoma cells injected into the tail vein of mice. In conclusion, this study underscores the relevance of CAV1 tyrosine-14 phosphorylation by Src-family kinases during the first steps of the metastatic sequence promoted by CAV1. These findings open up potential options for treatment of metastatic tumors in patients in which Src-family kinase activation and CAV1 overexpression favor dissemination of cancer cells to secondary sites.
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Zhu F, Huang J, Wang X, Li P, Yan Y, Zheng Y, He Y, Wu T, Ren Y, Wu R. The expression and significance of serum caveolin-1 in patients with Kawasaki disease. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2020; 63:90-94. [PMID: 32341235 DOI: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_71_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the expression of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in Kawasaki disease (KD) and analyzed its relationship with coronary artery lesions (CALs). Cav-1 participated in the progression of CAL in KD. A total of 68 children with KD (23 with CALs), age matched with a fever control group (F, n = 28) and a normal control group (N, n = 24) were enrolled in this study. Cav-1 expression was detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results are the following: (1) Compared with the F and N, Cav-1 expression was significantly increased in the children with KD (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference in Cav-1 between the F and N. (2) The serum level of Cav-1 was significantly higher in children with KD and CALs during the acute phase than in children with KD without CALs (P < 0.05). (3) Serum Cav-1 may be a biomarker that reflects CALs in children with KD based on a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. (4) Those children with KD who were given intravenous immunoglobulin (2 g/kg, 10-12 h) during the acute phase showed decreased expression of Cav-1 compared to the N. Conclusions are as follows: (1) The serum level of Cav-1 during the acute phase of KD increased significantly, while in KD patients with CALs the increase was even greater. (2) Based on our ROC curve analysis, Cav-1 may be a predictor of CALs in children with KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhu
- Department of Child Healthcare, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuliang Wang
- Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Li
- Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaoyao Yan
- Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunyun Zheng
- Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue'e He
- Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Ren
- Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongzhou Wu
- Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Egger AN, Rajabi‐Estarabadi A, Williams NM, Resnik SR, Fox JD, Wong LL, Jozic I. The importance of caveolins and caveolae to dermatology: Lessons from the caves and beyond. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:136-148. [PMID: 31845391 PMCID: PMC7028117 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Caveolae are flask-shaped invaginations of the cell membrane rich in cholesterol and sphingomyelin, with caveolin proteins acting as their primary structural components that allow compartmentalization and orchestration of various signalling molecules. In this review, we discuss how pleiotropic functions of caveolin-1 (Cav1) and its intricate roles in numerous cellular functions including lipid trafficking, signalling, cell migration and proliferation, as well as cellular senescence, infection and inflammation, are integral for normal development and functioning of skin and its appendages. We then examine how disruption of the homeostatic levels of Cav1 can lead to development of various cutaneous pathophysiologies including skin cancers, cutaneous fibroses, psoriasis, alopecia, age-related changes in skin and aberrant wound healing and propose how levels of Cav1 may have theragnostic value in skin physiology/pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andjela N. Egger
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research ProgramDr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous SurgeryUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
| | - Ali Rajabi‐Estarabadi
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research ProgramDr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous SurgeryUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
| | - Natalie M. Williams
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research ProgramDr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous SurgeryUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
| | - Sydney R. Resnik
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research ProgramDr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous SurgeryUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
| | - Joshua D. Fox
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research ProgramDr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous SurgeryUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
| | - Lulu L. Wong
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research ProgramDr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous SurgeryUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
| | - Ivan Jozic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research ProgramDr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous SurgeryUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
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Hetmanski JHR, de Belly H, Busnelli I, Waring T, Nair RV, Sokleva V, Dobre O, Cameron A, Gauthier N, Lamaze C, Swift J, Del Campo A, Starborg T, Zech T, Goetz JG, Paluch EK, Schwartz JM, Caswell PT. Membrane Tension Orchestrates Rear Retraction in Matrix-Directed Cell Migration. Dev Cell 2019; 51:460-475.e10. [PMID: 31607653 PMCID: PMC6863396 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In development, wound healing, and cancer metastasis, vertebrate cells move through 3D interstitial matrix, responding to chemical and physical guidance cues. Protrusion at the cell front has been extensively studied, but the retraction phase of the migration cycle is not well understood. Here, we show that fast-moving cells guided by matrix cues establish positive feedback control of rear retraction by sensing membrane tension. We reveal a mechanism of rear retraction in 3D matrix and durotaxis controlled by caveolae, which form in response to low membrane tension at the cell rear. Caveolae activate RhoA-ROCK1/PKN2 signaling via the RhoA guanidine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Ect2 to control local F-actin organization and contractility in this subcellular region and promote translocation of the cell rear. A positive feedback loop between cytoskeletal signaling and membrane tension leads to rapid retraction to complete the migration cycle in fast-moving cells, providing directional memory to drive persistent cell migration in complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph H R Hetmanski
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Henry de Belly
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ignacio Busnelli
- INSERM UMR_S1109, Tumor Biomechanics, Strasbourg 67200, France; Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Thomas Waring
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Roshna V Nair
- INM, Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D226, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Vanesa Sokleva
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Oana Dobre
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Angus Cameron
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Nils Gauthier
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Christophe Lamaze
- Institut Curie - Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, Membrane Dynamics and Mechanics of Intracellular Signaling Laboratory, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Joe Swift
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | | | - Tobias Starborg
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Tobias Zech
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Jacky G Goetz
- INSERM UMR_S1109, Tumor Biomechanics, Strasbourg 67200, France; Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Ewa K Paluch
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Jean-Marc Schwartz
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Patrick T Caswell
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
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15
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Gong Y, Yang Y, Tian S, Chen H. Different Role of Caveolin-1 Gene in the Progression of Gynecological Tumors. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:3259-3268. [PMID: 31759347 PMCID: PMC7062999 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.11.3259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), an integral membrane protein, is a principal component of caveolae and has been reported to play a promoting or inhibiting role in cancer progression. Gynecologic tumor is a group of tumors that affect the tissue and organs of the female reproductive system, especially cervical cancer. Cervical cancer, as one of the most common cancers, severely affects female health in developing countries in particular because of its high morbidity and mortality. This review summarizes some mechanisms of Cav-1 in the development and progression of gynecological tumors. The role of Cav-1 in tumorigenesis, including dysregulation of cell cycle, apoptosis and autophagy, adhesion, invasion, and metastasis, such as the formation of invadopodia and matrix metalloproteinase degradation are presented in detail. In addition, Cav-1 modulates autophagy and the formation of invadopodia and target regulated by miRNAs to affect tumor progress. Taken together, we find that, no matter Cav-1 expression in the tumor or stromal cells , Cav-1 has paradoxical role in different types of gynecological tumors in vivo or in vitro and even in the same tumor from the same organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gong
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yuhan Yang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Sufang Tian
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Honglei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
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Cell Intrinsic and Extrinsic Mechanisms of Caveolin-1-Enhanced Metastasis. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080314. [PMID: 31362353 PMCID: PMC6723107 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (CAV1) is a scaffolding protein with a controversial role in cancer. This review will initially discuss earlier studies focused on the role as a tumor suppressor before elaborating subsequently on those relating to function of the protein as a promoter of metastasis. Different mechanisms are summarized illustrating how CAV1 promotes such traits upon expression in cancer cells (intrinsic mechanisms). More recently, it has become apparent that CAV1 is also a secreted protein that can be included into exosomes where it plays a significant role in determining cargo composition. Thus, we will also discuss how CAV1 containing exosomes from metastatic cells promote malignant traits in more benign recipient cells (extrinsic mechanisms). This ability appears, at least in part, attributable to the transfer of specific cargos present due to CAV1 rather than the transfer of CAV1 itself. The evolution of how our perception of CAV1 function has changed since its discovery is summarized graphically in a time line figure.
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Caveolin-1 enhances brain metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer, potentially in association with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition marker SNAIL. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:171. [PMID: 31297035 PMCID: PMC6599320 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0892-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) plays an important role in the development of various human cancers. We investigated the relationship between Cav-1 expression and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression in the context of brain metastasis (BM). Methods Cav-1 expression was investigated in a series of 102 BM samples and 49 paired primary NSCLC samples, as well as 162 unpaired primary NSCLC samples with (63 cases) or without (99 cases) metastasis to distant organs. Human lung cancer cell lines were used for in vitro functional analysis. Results High Cav-1 expression in tumor cells was observed in 52% (38/73) of squamous cell carcinomas (SQCs) and 33% (45/138) of non-SQCs. In SQC, high Cav-1 expression was increased after BM in both paired and unpaired samples of lung primary tumors and BM (53% vs. 84% in paired samples, P = 0.034; 52% vs. 78% in unpaired samples, P = 0.020). Although the difference in median overall survival in patients NSCLC was not statistically significant, high Cav-1 expression in tumor cells (P = 0.005, hazard ratio 1.715, 95% confidence index 1.175–2.502) was independent prognostic factors of overall survival on multivariate Cox regression analyses, in addition to the presence of BM and non-SQC type. In vitro assays revealed that Cav-1 knockdown inhibited the invasion and migration of lung cancer cells. Genetic modulation of Cav-1 was consistently associated with SNAIL up- and down-regulation. These findings were supported by increased SNAIL and Cav-1 expression in BM samples of SQC. Conclusions Cav-1 plays an important role in the BM of NSCLC, especially in SQC. The mechanism may be linked to SNAIL regulation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-019-0892-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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18
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Dynamic Regulation of Caveolin-1 Phosphorylation and Caveolae Formation by Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 2 in Bladder Cancer Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:1846-1862. [PMID: 31199921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is commonly up-regulated in cancer, including bladder cancer. mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) is a major regulator of bladder cancer cell migration and invasion, but the mechanisms by which mTORC2 regulates these processes are unclear. A discovery mass spectrometry and reverse-phase protein array-based proteomics dual approach was used to identify novel mTORC2 phosphoprotein targets in actively invading cancer cells. mTORC2 targets included focal adhesion kinase, proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src, and caveolin-1 (Cav-1), among others. Functional testing shows that mTORC2 regulates Cav-1 localization and dynamic phosphorylation of Cav-1 on Y14. Regulation of Cav-1 activity by mTORC2 also alters the abundance of caveolae, which are specialized lipid raft invaginations of the plasma membrane associated with cell signaling and membrane compartmentalization. Our results demonstrate a unique role for mTORC2-mediated regulation of caveolae formation in actively migrating cancer cells.
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19
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Gupta VK, Sharma NS, Kesh K, Dauer P, Nomura A, Giri B, Dudeja V, Banerjee S, Bhattacharya S, Saluja A, Banerjee S. Metastasis and chemoresistance in CD133 expressing pancreatic cancer cells are dependent on their lipid raft integrity. Cancer Lett 2018; 439:101-112. [PMID: 30290209 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic rewiring is an integral part of tumor growth. Among metabolic pathways, the Mevalonic-Acid-Pathway (MVAP) plays a key role in maintaining membrane architecture through cholesterol synthesis, thereby affecting invasiveness. In the current study, we show for the first time that CD133Hi pancreatic tumor initiating cells (TIC) have increased expression of MVAP enzymes, cholesterol-content and Caveolin expression. Further, we show that CD133 in these cells is localized in the lipid-rafts (characterized by Cav-1-cholesterol association). Disruption of lipid-rafts by either depleting Cav-1 or by inhibiting MVAP by lovastatin decreased metastatic-potential and chemoresistance in CD133Hi cells while not affecting the CD133lo cells. Additionally, disruption of lipid-raft results in deregulation of FAK-signaling, decreasing invasiveness in pancreatic-TICs. Furthermore, this also inhibits ABC-transporter activity resulting in sensitizing TICs to standard chemotherapeutic agents. Repurposing existing drugs for new clinical applications is one of the safest and least resource intensive approaches to improve therapeutic options. In this context, our study is extremely timely as it shows that targeting lipid-rafts with statins can sensitize the normally resistant pancreatic TICHi-cells to standard chemotherapy and decrease metastasis, thereby defining a novel strategy for targeting the TICHi-PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikita S Sharma
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Kousik Kesh
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Patricia Dauer
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Alice Nomura
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Bhuwan Giri
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Vikas Dudeja
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Santanu Banerjee
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | | | - Ashok Saluja
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Sulagna Banerjee
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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Filippini A, Sica G, D'Alessio A. The caveolar membrane system in endothelium: From cell signaling to vascular pathology. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5060-5071. [PMID: 29637636 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Caveolae are 50- to 100-nm cholesterol and glycosphingolipid-rich flask-shaped invaginations commonly observed in many terminally differentiated cells. These organelles have been described in many cell types and are particularly abundant in endothelial cells, where they have been involved in the regulation of certain signaling pathways. Specific scaffolding proteins termed caveolins, along with the more recently discovered members of the cavin family, represent the major protein components during caveolae biogenesis. In addition, multiple studies aimed to investigate the expression and the regulation of these proteins significantly contributed to elucidate the role of caveolae and caveolins in endothelial cell physiology and disease. The aim of this review is to survey recent evidence of the involvement of the caveolar network in endothelial cell biology and endothelial cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Filippini
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gigliola Sica
- Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio D'Alessio
- Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Caveolin1 Identifies a Specific Subpopulation of Cerebral Cortex Callosal Projection Neurons (CPN) Including Dual Projecting Cortical Callosal/Frontal Projection Neurons (CPN/FPN). eNeuro 2018; 5:eN-NWR-0234-17. [PMID: 29379878 PMCID: PMC5780842 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0234-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The neocortex is composed of many distinct subtypes of neurons that must form precise subtype-specific connections to enable the cortex to perform complex functions. Callosal projection neurons (CPN) are the broad population of commissural neurons that connect the cerebral hemispheres via the corpus callosum (CC). Currently, how the remarkable diversity of CPN subtypes and connectivity is specified, and how they differentiate to form highly precise and specific circuits, are largely unknown. We identify in mouse that the lipid-bound scaffolding domain protein Caveolin 1 (CAV1) is specifically expressed by a unique subpopulation of Layer V CPN that maintain dual ipsilateral frontal projections to premotor cortex. CAV1 is expressed by over 80% of these dual projecting callosal/frontal projection neurons (CPN/FPN), with expression peaking early postnatally as axonal and dendritic targets are being reached and refined. CAV1 is localized to the soma and dendrites of CPN/FPN, a unique population of neurons that shares information both between hemispheres and with premotor cortex, suggesting function during postmitotic development and refinement of these neurons, rather than in their specification. Consistent with this, we find that Cav1 function is not necessary for the early specification of CPN/FPN, or for projecting to their dual axonal targets. CPN subtype-specific expression of Cav1 identifies and characterizes a first molecular component that distinguishes this functionally unique projection neuron population, a population that expands in primates, and is prototypical of additional dual and higher-order projection neuron subtypes.
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Bódi I, Minkó K, Fölker O, Benyeda Z, Felföldi B, Magyar A, Kiss A, Palya V, Oláh I. Expression of caveolin-1 in the interfollicular but not the follicle-associated epithelial cells in the bursa of fabricius of chickens. J Morphol 2017; 279:17-26. [PMID: 28914464 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The surface epithelium of the bursa of Fabricius consists of interfollicular (IFE) and follicle-associated epithelium (FAE). The IFE comprises (i) cylindrical-shaped secretory cells (SC) and (ii) cuboidal basal cells (BCs). The FAE provides histological and two-way functional connections between the bursal lumen and medulla of the follicle. We used a carbon solution and anti-caveolin-1 (Cav-1) to study the endocytic activity of FAE. Carbon particles entered the intercellular space of FAE, but the carbon particles were not internalized by the FAE cells. Cav-1 was not detectable in the FAE cells or the medulla of the bursal follicle. The absence of Cav-1 indicates that no caveolin-mediated endocytosis occurs in the FAE cells, B cells, bursal secretory dendritic cells (BSDC), or reticular epithelial cells. Surprisingly, a significant number of Cav-1 positive cells can be found among the SC, which are designated SC II. Cav-1 negative cell are called SC I, and they produce mucin for lubricating the bursal lumen and duct. Occasionally, BCs also express Cav-1, which suggests that BC is a precursor of a SC. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the existence of type I and II SC. The SC II are highly polarized and have an extensive trans-Golgi network that is rich in different granules and vesicles. Western blot analysis of bursa lysates revealed a 21-23 kDa compound (caveolin) and Filipin fluorescence histochemistry provided evidence for intracellular cholesterol. High amount of cholesterol in the feces shows the cholesterol efflux from SC II. The presence of Cav-1 and cholesterol in SC II indicates, that the bursa is a complex organ in addition to possessing immunological function contributes to the cholesterol homeostasis in the chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Bódi
- Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Minkó
- Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Fölker
- Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | | | - Balázs Felföldi
- A Ceva Animal Health (Ceva-Phylaxia), Szállás utca 5, 1107 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Magyar
- Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Anna Kiss
- Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Vilmos Palya
- A Ceva Animal Health (Ceva-Phylaxia), Szállás utca 5, 1107 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imre Oláh
- Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
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Zhou LJ, Chen XY, Liu SP, Zhang LL, Xu YN, Mu PW, Geng DF, Tan Z. Downregulation of Cavin-1 Expression via Increasing Caveolin-1 Degradation Prompts the Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Balloon Injury-Induced Neointimal Hyperplasia. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e005754. [PMID: 28751541 PMCID: PMC5586430 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.005754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Percutaneous coronary intervention has been widely used in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, but vascular restenosis is a main limitation of percutaneous coronary intervention. Our previous work reported that caveolin-1 had a key functional role in intimal hyperplasia, whereas whether Cavin-1 (another important caveolae-related protein) was involved is still unknown. Therefore, we will investigate the effect of Cavin-1 on neointimal formation. METHODS AND RESULTS Balloon injury markedly reduced Cavin-1 protein and enhanced ubiquitin protein expression accompanied with neointimal hyperplasia in injured carotid arteries, whereas Cavin-1 mRNA had no change. In cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), Cavin-1 was downregulated after inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide, which was distinctly prevented by pretreatment with proteasome inhibitor MG132 but not by lysosomal inhibitor chloroquine, suggesting that proteasomal degradation resulted in Cavin-1 downregulation. Knockdown of Cavin-1 by local injection of Cavin-1 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) into balloon-injured carotid arteries in vivo promoted neointimal formation. In addition, inhibition or overexpression of Cavin-1 in cultured VSMCs in vitro prompted or suppressed VSMC proliferation and migration via increasing or decreasing extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation and matrix-degrading metalloproteinases-9 activity, respectively. However, under basic conditions, the effect of Cavin-1 on VSMC migration was stronger than on proliferation. Moreover, our results indicated that Cavin-1 regulated caveolin-1 expression via lysosomal degradation pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed the role and the mechanisms of Cavin-1 downregulation in neointimal formation by promoting VSMC proliferation, migration, and synchronously enhancing caveolin-1 lysosomal degradation. Cavin-1 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of postinjury vascular remodeling.
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MESH Headings
- Angioplasty, Balloon/adverse effects
- Animals
- Carotid Artery Injuries/etiology
- Carotid Artery Injuries/genetics
- Carotid Artery Injuries/metabolism
- Carotid Artery Injuries/pathology
- Carotid Artery, External/metabolism
- Carotid Artery, External/pathology
- Caveolin 1/metabolism
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- Lysosomes/metabolism
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/injuries
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Neointima
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism
- Proteolysis
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Small Interfering/administration & dosage
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction
- Time Factors
- Transfection
- Vascular Remodeling
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Ying Chen
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shui-Ping Liu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Lin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Nan Xu
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pan-Wei Mu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Deng-Feng Geng
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Tan
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Meng F, Saxena S, Liu Y, Joshi B, Wong TH, Shankar J, Foster LJ, Bernatchez P, Nabi IR. The phospho-caveolin-1 scaffolding domain dampens force fluctuations in focal adhesions and promotes cancer cell migration. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:2190-2201. [PMID: 28592633 PMCID: PMC5531735 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-05-0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav1), a major Src kinase substrate phosphorylated on tyrosine-14 (Y14), contains the highly conserved membrane-proximal caveolin scaffolding domain (CSD; amino acids 82-101). Here we show, using CSD mutants (F92A/V94A) and membrane-permeable CSD-competing peptides, that Src kinase-dependent pY14Cav1 regulation of focal adhesion protein stabilization, focal adhesion tension, and cancer cell migration is CSD dependent. Quantitative proteomic analysis of Cav1-GST (amino acids 1-101) pull downs showed sixfold-increased binding of vinculin and, to a lesser extent, α-actinin, talin, and filamin, to phosphomimetic Cav1Y14D relative to nonphosphorylatable Cav1Y14F. Consistently, pY14Cav1 enhanced CSD-dependent vinculin tension in focal adhesions, dampening force fluctuation and synchronously stabilizing cellular focal adhesions in a high-tension mode, paralleling effects of actin stabilization. This identifies pY14Cav1 as a molecular regulator of focal adhesion tension and suggests that functional interaction between Cav1 Y14 phosphorylation and the CSD promotes focal adhesion traction and, thereby, cancer cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanrui Meng
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sandeep Saxena
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Youtao Liu
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Bharat Joshi
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Timothy H Wong
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Jay Shankar
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Leonard J Foster
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Michael Smith Labs, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- James Hogg Research Centre, Institute for Heart + Lung Health, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada.,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ivan R Nabi
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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25
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Ortiz R, Díaz J, Díaz N, Lobos-Gonzalez L, Cárdenas A, Contreras P, Díaz MI, Otte E, Cooper-White J, Torres V, Leyton L, Quest AF. Extracellular matrix-specific Caveolin-1 phosphorylation on tyrosine 14 is linked to augmented melanoma metastasis but not tumorigenesis. Oncotarget 2016; 7:40571-40593. [PMID: 27259249 PMCID: PMC5130029 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (CAV1) is a scaffolding protein that plays a dual role in cancer. In advanced stages of this disease, CAV1 expression in tumor cells is associated with enhanced metastatic potential, while, at earlier stages, CAV1 functions as a tumor suppressor. We recently implicated CAV1 phosphorylation on tyrosine 14 (Y14) in CAV1-enhanced cell migration. However, the contribution of this modification to the dual role of CAV1 in cancer remained unexplored. Here, we used in vitro [2D and transendothelial cell migration (TEM), invasion] and in vivo (metastasis) assays, as well as genetic and biochemical approaches to address this question in B16F10 murine melanoma cells. CAV1 promoted directional migration on fibronectin or laminin, two abundant lung extracellular matrix (ECM) components, which correlated with enhanced Y14 phosphorylation during spreading. Moreover, CAV1-driven migration, invasion, TEM and metastasis were ablated by expression of the phosphorylation null CAV1(Y14F), but not the phosphorylation mimicking CAV1(Y14E) mutation. Finally, CAV1-enhanced focal adhesion dynamics and surface expression of beta1 integrin were required for CAV1-driven TEM. Importantly, CAV1 function as a tumor suppressor in tumor formation assays was not altered by the Y14F mutation. In conclusion, our results provide critical insight to the mechanisms of CAV1 action during cancer development. Specific ECM-integrin interactions and Y14 phosphorylation are required for CAV1-enhanced melanoma cell migration, invasion and metastasis to the lung. Because Y14F mutation diminishes metastasis without inhibiting the tumor suppressor function of CAV1, Y14 phosphorylation emerges as an attractive therapeutic target to prevent metastasis without altering beneficial traits of CAV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Ortiz
- Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Universidad Bernardo O Higgins, Facultad de Salud, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI) Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Díaz
- Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Díaz
- Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI) Santiago, Chile
| | - Lorena Lobos-Gonzalez
- Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Andes Biotechnologies SA, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Areli Cárdenas
- Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI) Santiago, Chile
| | - Pamela Contreras
- Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Inés Díaz
- Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ellen Otte
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Justin Cooper-White
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vicente Torres
- Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lisette Leyton
- Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI) Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrew F.G. Quest
- Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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26
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Mruk DD, Cheng CY. The Mammalian Blood-Testis Barrier: Its Biology and Regulation. Endocr Rev 2015; 36:564-91. [PMID: 26357922 PMCID: PMC4591527 DOI: 10.1210/er.2014-1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 375] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is the cellular process by which spermatogonia develop into mature spermatids within seminiferous tubules, the functional unit of the mammalian testis, under the structural and nutritional support of Sertoli cells and the precise regulation of endocrine factors. As germ cells develop, they traverse the seminiferous epithelium, a process that involves restructuring of Sertoli-germ cell junctions, as well as Sertoli-Sertoli cell junctions at the blood-testis barrier. The blood-testis barrier, one of the tightest tissue barriers in the mammalian body, divides the seminiferous epithelium into 2 compartments, basal and adluminal. The blood-testis barrier is different from most other tissue barriers in that it is not only comprised of tight junctions. Instead, tight junctions coexist and cofunction with ectoplasmic specializations, desmosomes, and gap junctions to create a unique microenvironment for the completion of meiosis and the subsequent development of spermatids into spermatozoa via spermiogenesis. Studies from the past decade or so have identified the key structural, scaffolding, and signaling proteins of the blood-testis barrier. More recent studies have defined the regulatory mechanisms that underlie blood-testis barrier function. We review here the biology and regulation of the mammalian blood-testis barrier and highlight research areas that should be expanded in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores D Mruk
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, New York 10065
| | - C Yan Cheng
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, New York 10065
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27
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Huang YW, Chang SJ, Harn HIC, Huang HT, Lin HH, Shen MR, Tang MJ, Chiu WT. Mechanosensitive store-operated calcium entry regulates the formation of cell polarity. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:2086-97. [PMID: 25639747 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ca(2+) -mediated formation of cell polarity is essential for directional migration which plays an important role in physiological and pathological processes in organisms. To examine the critical role of store-operated Ca(2+) entry, which is the major form of extracellular Ca(2+) influx in non-excitable cells, in the formation of cell polarity, we employed human bone osteosarcoma U2OS cells, which exhibit distinct morphological polarity during directional migration. Our analyses showed that Ca(2+) was concentrated at the rear end of cells and that extracellular Ca(2+) influx was important for cell polarization. Inhibition of store-operated Ca(2+) entry using specific inhibitors disrupted the formation of cell polarity in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the channelosomal components caveolin-1, TRPC1, and Orai1 were concentrated at the rear end of polarized cells. Knockdown of TRPC1 or a TRPC inhibitor, but not knockdown of Orai1, reduced cell polarization. Furthermore, disruption of lipid rafts or overexpression of caveolin-1 contributed to the downregulation of cell polarity. On the other hand, we also found that cell polarity, store-operated Ca(2+) entry activity, and cell stiffness were markedly decreased by low substrate rigidity, which may be caused by the disorganization of actin filaments and microtubules that occurs while regulating the activity of the mechanosensitive TRPC1 channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wei Huang
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jing Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hans I-Chen Harn
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ting Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Hui Lin
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ru Shen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jer Tang
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tai Chiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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28
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Strippoli R, Loureiro J, Moreno V, Benedicto I, Pérez Lozano ML, Barreiro O, Pellinen T, Minguet S, Foronda M, Osteso MT, Calvo E, Vázquez J, López Cabrera M, del Pozo MA. Caveolin-1 deficiency induces a MEK-ERK1/2-Snail-1-dependent epithelial-mesenchymal transition and fibrosis during peritoneal dialysis. EMBO Mol Med 2015; 7:102-23. [PMID: 25550395 PMCID: PMC4309670 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201404127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a form of renal replacement therapy whose repeated use can alter dialytic function through induction of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis, eventually leading to PD discontinuation. The peritoneum from Cav1−/− mice showed increased EMT, thickness, and fibrosis. Exposure of Cav1−/− mice to PD fluids further increased peritoneal membrane thickness, altered permeability, and increased the number of FSP-1/cytokeratin-positive cells invading the sub-mesothelial stroma. High-throughput quantitative proteomics revealed increased abundance of collagens, FN, and laminin, as well as proteins related to TGF-β activity in matrices derived from Cav1−/− cells. Lack of Cav1 was associated with hyperactivation of a MEK-ERK1/2-Snail-1 pathway that regulated the Smad2-3/Smad1-5-8 balance. Pharmacological blockade of MEK rescued E-cadherin and ZO-1 inter-cellular junction localization, reduced fibrosis, and restored peritoneal function in Cav1−/− mice. Moreover, treatment of human PD-patient-derived MCs with drugs increasing Cav1 levels, as well as ectopic Cav1 expression, induced re-acquisition of epithelial features. This study demonstrates a pivotal role of Cav1 in the balance of epithelial versus mesenchymal state and suggests targets for the prevention of fibrosis during PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jesús Loureiro
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Moreno
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Benedicto
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Pérez Lozano
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Barreiro
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teijo Pellinen
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Minguet
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Foronda
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Osteso
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Calvo
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel López Cabrera
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel del Pozo
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
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29
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Diaz-Valdivia N, Bravo D, Huerta H, Henriquez S, Gabler F, Vega M, Romero C, Calderon C, Owen GI, Leyton L, Quest AFG. Enhanced caveolin-1 expression increases migration, anchorage-independent growth and invasion of endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:463. [PMID: 26054531 PMCID: PMC4460862 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Caveolin-1 (CAV1) has been implicated both in tumor suppression and progression, whereby the specific role appears to be context dependent. Endometrial cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the female genital tract; however, little is known about the role of CAV1 in this disease. Methods Here, we first determined by immunohistochemistry CAV1 protein levels in normal proliferative human endometrium and endometrial tumor samples. Then using two endometrial cancer cell lines (ECC: Ishikawa and Hec-1A) we evaluated mRNA and protein levels of CAV1 by real time qPCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. The role of CAV1 expression in ECC malignancy was further studied by either inducing its expression in endometrial cancer cells with the tumor promotor 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (4β-TPA) or decreasing expression using short-hairpin RNA constructs, and then evaluating the effects of these changes on ECC proliferation, transmigration, matrigel invasion, and colony formation in soft agar. Results Immunohistochemical analysis of endometrial epithelia revealed that substantially higher levels of CAV1 were present in endometrial tumors than the normal proliferative epithelium. Also, in Ishikawa and Hec-1A endometrial cancer cells CAV1 expression was readily detectable. Upon treatment with 4β-TPA CAV1 levels increased and coincided with augmented cell transmigration, matrigel invasion, as well as colony formation in soft agar. Reduction of CAV1 expression using short-hairpin RNA constructs ablated these effects in both cell types whether treated or not with 4β-TPA. Alternatively, CAV1 expression appeared not to modulate significantly proliferation of these cells. Conclusion Our study shows that elevated CAV1, observed in patients with endometrial cancer, is linked to enhanced malignancy of endometrial cancer cells, as evidenced by increased migration, invasion and anchorage-independent growth. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1477-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Diaz-Valdivia
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile. .,Center for Molecular studies of the Cell (CEMC), Programa de Biologia Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Denisse Bravo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile. .,Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Hernán Huerta
- Center for Molecular studies of the Cell (CEMC), Programa de Biologia Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Soledad Henriquez
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecologia, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Fernando Gabler
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecologia, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Margarita Vega
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecologia, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Carmen Romero
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecologia, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Claudia Calderon
- Center for Molecular studies of the Cell (CEMC), Programa de Biologia Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Gareth I Owen
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Lisette Leyton
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile. .,Center for Molecular studies of the Cell (CEMC), Programa de Biologia Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Andrew F G Quest
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile. .,Center for Molecular studies of the Cell (CEMC), Programa de Biologia Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. .,Laboratorio de Comunicaciones Celulares, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas (ICBM). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Av. Indepedencia 1027. Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
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30
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Maritzen T, Schachtner H, Legler DF. On the move: endocytic trafficking in cell migration. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:2119-34. [PMID: 25681867 PMCID: PMC11113590 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1855-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Directed cell migration is a fundamental process underlying diverse physiological and pathophysiological phenomena ranging from wound healing and induction of immune responses to cancer metastasis. Recent advances reveal that endocytic trafficking contributes to cell migration in multiple ways. (1) At the level of chemokines and chemokine receptors: internalization of chemokines by scavenger receptors is essential for shaping chemotactic gradients in tissue, whereas endocytosis of chemokine receptors and their subsequent recycling is key for maintaining a high responsiveness of migrating cells. (2) At the level of integrin trafficking and focal adhesion dynamics: endosomal pathways do not only modulate adhesion by delivering integrins to their site of action, but also by supplying factors for focal adhesion disassembly. (3) At the level of extracellular matrix reorganization: endosomal transport contributes to tumor cell migration not only by targeting integrins to invadosomes but also by delivering membrane type 1 matrix metalloprotease to the leading edge facilitating proteolysis-dependent chemotaxis. Consequently, numerous endocytic and endosomal factors have been shown to modulate cell migration. In fact key modulators of endocytic trafficking turn out to be also key regulators of cell migration. This review will highlight the recent progress in unraveling the contribution of cellular trafficking pathways to cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Maritzen
- Leibniz Institute for Molecular Pharmacology, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hannah Schachtner
- Leibniz Institute for Molecular Pharmacology, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel F. Legler
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau (BITg) at the University of Konstanz, Unterseestrasse 47, 8280 Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
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Wang YP, Lin CF, Tsai SC, Tsai CH, Yeh TH. Upregulation of Caveolin-1 correlate with Akt expression and poor prognosis in NPC patients. Laryngoscope 2015; 125:E231-8. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.25297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Piao Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology; Mackay Memorial Hospital; Zhongzheng Rd Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology and School of Medicine; Mackay Medical College; Zhongzheng Rd Taipei Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chih-Feng Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology; National Taiwan University Hospital
| | - Shu-Chun Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology; National Taiwan University Hospital
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hwa Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology; National Taiwan University Hospital
| | - Te-Huei Yeh
- Department of Otolaryngology; National Taiwan University Hospital
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
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Wang H, Gui SY, Chen FH, Zhou Q, Wang Y. New insights into 4-amino-2-tri-fluoromethyl-phenyl ester inhibition of cell growth and migration in the A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell line. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 14:7265-70. [PMID: 24460286 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.12.7265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to investigate the probable mechanisms of synthetic retinoid 4-amino-2-tri-fluoromethyl-phenyl ester (ATPR) inhibition of the proliferation and migration of A549 human lung carcinoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS After the A549 cells were treated with different concentrations of ATPR or all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) for 72 h, scratch-wound assays were performed to assess migration. Immunofluorescence was used to determine the distribution of CAV1 and RXRα, while expression of CAV1, MLCK, MLC, P38, and phosphorylation of MLC and P38 were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS ATPR could block the migration of A549 cells. The relative migration rate of ML-7 group had significantly decreased compared with control group. In addition, ATPR decreased the expression of a migration related proteins, MLCK, and phosphorylation of MLC and P38. ATPR could also influence the expression of RARs or RXRs. At the same time, CAV1 accumulated at cell membranes, and RXRα relocated to the nucleus after ATPR treatment. CONCLUSIONS Caveolae may be implicate in the transport of ATPR to the nucleus. Change in the expression and distribution of RXRα may be implicated in ATPR inhibition of A549 cell proliferation. The mechanisms of ATPR reduction in A549 cell migration may be associated with expression of MLCK and phosphorylation of MLC and P38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China E-mail : ,
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Rathor N, Chung HK, Wang SR, Wang JY, Turner DJ, Rao JN. Caveolin-1 enhances rapid mucosal restitution by activating TRPC1-mediated Ca2+ signaling. Physiol Rep 2014; 2:2/11/e12193. [PMID: 25367694 PMCID: PMC4255804 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Early rapid mucosal restitution occurs as a consequence of epithelial cell migration to reseal superficial wounds, a process independent of cell proliferation. Our previous studies revealed that the canonical transient receptor potential-1 (TRPC1) functions as a store-operated Ca(2+) channel (SOCs) in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and regulates epithelial restitution after wounding, but the exact mechanism underlying TRPC1 activation remains elusive. Caveolin-1 (Cav1) is a major component protein that is associated with caveolar lipid rafts in the plasma membrane and was recently identified as a regulator of store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE). Here, we showed that Cav1 plays an important role in the regulation of mucosal restitution by activating TRPC1-mediated Ca(2+) signaling. Target deletion of Cav1 delayed gastric mucosal repair after exposure to hypertonic NaCl in mice, although it did not affect total levels of TRPC1 protein. In cultured IECs, Cav1 directly interacted with TRPC1 and formed Cav1/TRPC1 complex as measured by immunoprecipitation assays. Cav1 silencing in stable TRPC1-transfected cells by transfection with siCav1 reduced SOCE without effect on the level of resting [Ca(2+)]cyt. Inhibition of Cav1 expression by siCav1 and subsequent decrease in Ca(2+) influx repressed epithelial restitution, as indicated by a decrease in cell migration over the wounded area, whereas stable ectopic overexpression of Cav1 increased Cav1/TRPC1 complex, induced SOCE, and enhanced cell migration after wounding. These results indicate that Cav1 physically interacts with and activates TRPC1, thus stimulating TRPC1-mediated Ca(2+) signaling and rapid mucosal restitution after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneeta Rathor
- Department of Surgery, Cell Biology Group, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hee K Chung
- Department of Surgery, Cell Biology Group, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shelley R Wang
- Department of Surgery, Cell Biology Group, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jian-Ying Wang
- Department of Surgery, Cell Biology Group, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Douglas J Turner
- Department of Surgery, Cell Biology Group, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jaladanki N Rao
- Department of Surgery, Cell Biology Group, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Caveolin-1 regulates metastatic behaviors of anoikis resistant lung cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 399:291-302. [PMID: 25351339 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2255-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a protein component of cellular membrane, has been reported to regulate several cancer cell behaviors. However, its role on cancer metastasis in anoikis resistant cells is unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between Cav-1 level and aggressive behaviors of anoikis resistant cancer cells. Cav-1 and ShRNACav-1 stably transfected lung carcinoma cells, and anoikis resistant H_AR1 and H_AR2 cells expressing different levels of Cav-1 were subjected to anoikis, cell growth, anchorage-independent growth, extracellular matrix adhesion, cisplatin sensitivity, migration, and invasion assays. The correlations between cellular Cav-1 level and such cancer aggressive behaviors were evaluated. Results revealed that anoikis resistant lung cancer cells as well as Cav-1 overexpressing cells exhibit a significant increase in anchorage-independent growth, extracellular matrix adhesion, migration, and invasion in comparison to those of their parental H460 cells. Knock-down of Cav-1 by ShRNA transfection was able to reverse such metastatic potentials in H_AR2 cells. In addition, basal Cav-1 level of these cells was positively correlated with anoikis resistance, anchorage-independent growth, migration, and invasion behaviors of the cells, whereas such Cav-1 level showed poor correlation to cisplatin sensitivity, cell adhesion, and growth in attached condition. These findings give more information regarding role of Cav-1 in the regulation of behaviors of lung cancer cells.
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Rey-Barroso J, Alvarez-Barrientos A, Rico-Leo E, Contador-Troca M, Carvajal-Gonzalez JM, Echarri A, Del Pozo MA, Fernandez-Salguero PM. The Dioxin receptor modulates Caveolin-1 mobilization during directional migration: role of cholesterol. Cell Commun Signal 2014; 12:57. [PMID: 25238970 PMCID: PMC4172968 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-014-0057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adhesion and migration are relevant physiological functions that must be regulated by the cell under both normal and pathological conditions. The dioxin receptor (AhR) has emerged as a transcription factor regulating both processes in mesenchymal, epithelial and endothelial cells. Indirect results suggest that AhR could cooperate not only with additional transcription factors but also with membrane-associated proteins to drive such processes. Results In this study, we have used immortalized and primary dermal fibroblasts from wild type (AhR+/+) and AhR-null (AhR−/−) mice to show that AhR modulates membrane distribution and mobilization of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) during directional cell migration. AhR co-immunoprecipitated with Cav-1 and a fraction of both proteins co-localized to detergent-resistant membrane microdomains (DRM). Consistent with a role of AhR in the process, AhR−/− cells had a significant reduction in Cav-1 in DRMs. Moreover, high cell density reduced AhR nuclear levels and moved Cav-1 from DRMs to the soluble membrane in AhR+/+ but not in AhR−/− cells. Tyrosine-14 phosphorylation had a complex role in the mechanism since its upregulation reduced Cav-1 in DRMs in both AhR+/+ and AhR−/−cells, despite the lower basal levels of Y14-Cav-1 in the null cells. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching revealed that AhR knock-down blocked Cav-1 transport to the plasma membrane, a deficit possibly influencing its depleted levels in DRMs. Membrane distribution of Cav-1 in AhR-null fibroblasts correlated with higher levels of cholesterol and with disrupted membrane microdomains, whereas addition of exogenous cholesterol changed the Cav-1 distribution of AhR+/+ cells to the null phenotype. Consistently, higher cholesterol levels enhanced caveolae-dependent endocytosis in AhR-null cells. Conclusions These results suggest that AhR modulates Cav-1 distribution in migrating cells through the control of cholesterol-enriched membrane microdomains. Our study also supports the likely possibility of membrane-related, transcription factor independent, functions of AhR. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12964-014-0057-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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36
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Kulkarni YM, Liu C, Qi Q, Zhu Y, Klinke DJ, Liu J. Differential proteomic analysis of caveolin-1 KO cells reveals Sh2b3 and Clec12b as novel interaction partners of caveolin-1 and Capns1 as a potential mediator of caveolin-1-induced apoptosis. Analyst 2014; 138:6986-96. [PMID: 24091439 DOI: 10.1039/c3an36819j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav1) is a small scaffolding protein involved in a variety of cellular functions, including cell signaling, lipid transport and membrane traffic. The objective of this study was to use comparative proteomics to identify differentially expressed proteins in Cav1 knockout (KO) mouse embryonic fibroblasts. These deregulated proteins were then analyzed using systems biology tools to gain insight into the local network properties and to identify the interaction partners of Cav1. We identified five proteins that were up-regulated and ten proteins that were down-regulated in Cav1 KO cells, suggesting that the local network behaves as a complex system. Protein interaction network analysis revealed two proteins, Sh2b3 and Clec12b, as novel interaction partners of Cav1. Functional annotation showed apoptosis signaling as the most significant pathway. To validate this functional annotation, Cav1 KO cells showed more than 1.5-fold increase in caspase-3 activity over wild type cells upon apoptotic stimulation. We also found that calpain small subunit 1 is up-regulated in Cav1 KO cells and directly influences the cell response to apoptotic stimuli. Moreover, Capns1 was reduced in Cav1 KO cells following re-expression of Cav1, and suppression of Capns1 expression in Cav1 KO cells significantly inhibited the cells to apoptotic stimuli, as measured by caspase 3 activity. In conclusion, our results suggest that Sh2b3 and Clec12b functionally interact with Cav1 and that calpain small subunit 1 may mediate Cav1-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh M Kulkarni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Mineral Resources, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
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Rathor N, Zhuang R, Wang JY, Donahue JM, Turner DJ, Rao JN. Src-mediated caveolin-1 phosphorylation regulates intestinal epithelial restitution by altering Ca(2+) influx after wounding. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2014; 306:G650-8. [PMID: 24557763 PMCID: PMC3989706 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00003.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Early mucosal restitution occurs as a consequence of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) migration to reseal superficial wounds, but its exact mechanism remains largely unknown. Caveolin-1 (Cav1), a major component associated with caveolar lipid rafts in the plasma membrane, is implicated in many aspects of cellular functions. This study determined if c-Src kinase (Src)-induced Cav1 phosphorylation promotes intestinal epithelial restitution after wounding by activating Cav1-mediated Ca(2+) signaling. Src directly interacted with Cav1, formed Cav1-Src complexes, and phosphorylated Cav1 in IECs. Inhibition of Src activity by its chemical inhibitor PP2 or suppression of the functional caveolin scaffolding domain by caveolin-scaffolding domain peptides prevented Cav1-Src interaction, reduced Cav1 phosphorylation, decreased Ca(2+) influx, and inhibited cell migration after wounding. Disruption of caveolar lipid raft microdomains by methyl-β-cyclodextrin reduced Cav1-mediated Ca(2+) influx and repressed epithelial restitution. Moreover, Src silencing prevented subcellular redistribution of phosphorylated Cav1 in migrating IECs. These results indicate that Src-induced Cav1 phosphorylation stimulates epithelial restitution by increasing Cav1-mediated Ca(2+) signaling after wounding, thus contributing to the maintenance of gut mucosal integrity under various pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneeta Rathor
- 1Department of Surgery, Cell Biology Group, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; ,2Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Ran Zhuang
- 1Department of Surgery, Cell Biology Group, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; ,2Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Jian-Ying Wang
- 1Department of Surgery, Cell Biology Group, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; ,2Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland; and ,3Department of Pathology, Cell Biology Group, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - James M. Donahue
- 1Department of Surgery, Cell Biology Group, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; ,2Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Douglas J. Turner
- 1Department of Surgery, Cell Biology Group, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; ,2Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Jaladanki N. Rao
- 1Department of Surgery, Cell Biology Group, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; ,2Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland; and
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Grundner M, Zemljič Jokhadar S. Cytoskeleton modification and cholesterol depletion affect membrane properties and caveolae positioning of CHO cells. J Membr Biol 2014; 247:201-10. [PMID: 24413749 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-013-9625-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The formation of protrusions is necessary for numerous biological processes. It involves extension of the plasma membrane, and the force needed for this is provided by the actin cytoskeleton. Tether pulling with optical tweezers can mimic the formation of a protrusion, so we used this method to investigate the effects of modifying not only actin (with latrunculin A) but also microtubules (with nocodazole) and the plasma membrane itself (with methyl-β-cyclodextrin) on the Chinese hamster ovary cell membrane. After these modifications, the membrane reservoir was supposed to redistribute. Caveolae constitute a small part of the reservoir, so the redistribution of caveolar proteins such as caveolin-1 and cavin-1 that represents caveolae per se was assessed. The main findings concerning protrusion force and membrane reservoir availability were as follows: (1) they correlated inversely, (2) their values underwent the greatest change after microtubule disruption, and (3) membrane composition had a major influence on the parameters studied. F-actin disruption and cholesterol depletion decreased, and microtubule disruption increased the amount of the caveolar proteins (caveolae). Caveolae presented just an example of the membrane reservoir, and from our findings, we suppose that the perturbations caused were too large to be related to caveolae redistribution alone. The integrity of the cytoskeleton and plasma membrane composition are important factors in the formation of protrusions and in determining the availability and distribution of the membrane reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Grundner
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Biophysics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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39
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Lee BH, Ryu PD, Lee SY. Serum starvation-induced voltage-gated potassium channel Kv7.5 expression and its regulation by Sp1 in canine osteosarcoma cells. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:977-93. [PMID: 24434641 PMCID: PMC3907850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15010977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The KCNQ gene family, whose members encode Kv7 channels, belongs to the voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channel group. The roles of this gene family have been widely investigated in nerve and muscle cells. In the present study, we investigated several characteristics of Kv7.5, which is strongly expressed in the canine osteosarcoma cell line, CCL-183. Serum starvation upregulated Kv7.5 expression, and the Kv7 channel opener, flupirtine, attenuated cell proliferation by arresting cells in the G0/G1 phase. We also showed that Kv7.5 knockdown helps CCL-183 cells to proliferate. In an effort to find an endogenous regulator of Kv7.5, we used mithramycin A to reduce the level of the transcription factor Sp1, and it strongly inhibited the induction of Kv7.5 in CCL-183 cells. These results suggest that the activation of Kv7.5 by flupirtine may exert an anti-proliferative effect in canine osteosarcoma. Therefore, Kv7.5 is a possible molecular target for canine osteosarcoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hyung Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Pan Dong Ryu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - So Yeong Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
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40
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Konkel ME, Samuelson DR, Eucker TP, Shelden EA, O'Loughlin JL. Invasion of epithelial cells by Campylobacter jejuni is independent of caveolae. Cell Commun Signal 2013; 11:100. [PMID: 24364863 PMCID: PMC3880046 DOI: 10.1186/1478-811x-11-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolae are 25–100 nm flask-like membrane structures enriched in cholesterol and glycosphingolipids. Researchers have proposed that Campylobacter jejuni require caveolae for cell invasion based on the finding that treatment of cells with the cholesterol-depleting compounds filipin III or methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) block bacterial internalization in a dose-dependent manner. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of caveolae and caveolin-1, a principal component of caveolae, in C. jejuni internalization. Consistent with previous work, we found that the treatment of HeLa cells with MβCD inhibited C. jejuni internalization. However, we also found that the treatment of HeLa cells with caveolin-1 siRNA, which resulted in greater than a 90% knockdown in caveolin-1 protein levels, had no effect on C. jejuni internalization. Based on this observation we performed a series of experiments that demonstrate that MβCD acts broadly, disrupting host cell lipid rafts and C. jejuni-induced cell signaling. More specifically, we found that MβCD inhibits the cellular events necessary for C. jejuni internalization, including membrane ruffling and Rac1 GTPase activation. We also demonstrate that MβCD disrupted the association of the β1 integrin and EGF receptor, which are required for the maximal invasion of epithelial cells. In agreement with these findings, C. jejuni were able to invade human Caco-2 cells, which are devoid of caveolae, at a level equal to that of HeLa cells. Taken together, the results of our study demonstrate that C. jejuni internalization occurs in a caveolae-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Konkel
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Life Sciences Bldg, Room 302c, Pullman, WA, USA.
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Goichberg P, Kannappan R, Cimini M, Bai Y, Sanada F, Sorrentino A, Signore S, Kajstura J, Rota M, Anversa P, Leri A. Age-associated defects in EphA2 signaling impair the migration of human cardiac progenitor cells. Circulation 2013; 128:2211-23. [PMID: 24141256 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.004698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging negatively impacts on the function of resident human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs). Effective regeneration of the injured heart requires mobilization of hCPCs to the sites of damage. In the young heart, signaling by the guidance receptor EphA2 in response to the ephrin A1 ligand promotes hCPC motility and improves cardiac recovery after infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS We report that old hCPCs are characterized by cell-autonomous inhibition of their migratory ability ex vivo and impaired translocation in vivo in the damaged heart. EphA2 expression was not decreased in old hCPCs; however, the elevated level of reactive oxygen species in aged cells induced post-translational modifications of the EphA2 protein. EphA2 oxidation interfered with ephrin A1-stimulated receptor auto-phosphorylation, activation of Src family kinases, and caveolin-1-mediated internalization of the receptor. Cellular aging altered the EphA2 endocytic route, affecting the maturation of EphA2-containing endosomes and causing premature signal termination. Overexpression of functionally intact EphA2 in old hCPCs corrected the defects in endocytosis and downstream signaling, enhancing cell motility. Based on the ability of phenotypically young hCPCs to respond efficiently to ephrin A1, we developed a novel methodology for the prospective isolation of live hCPCs with preserved migratory capacity and growth reserve. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that the ephrin A1/EphA2 pathway may serve as a target to facilitate trafficking of hCPCs in the senescent myocardium. Importantly, EphA2 receptor function can be implemented for the selection of hCPCs with high therapeutic potential, a clinically relevant strategy that does not require genetic manipulation of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Goichberg
- Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (P.G., R.K., M.C., Y.B., F.S., A.S., S.S., J.K., M.R., PA., A.L.); and the Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Y.B.)
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Zemljič Jokhadar Š, Majhenc J, Svetina S, Batista U. Positioning of integrin β1, caveolin-1 and focal adhesion kinase on the adhered membrane of spreading cells. Cell Biol Int 2013; 37:1276-84. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Špela Zemljič Jokhadar
- Institute of Biophysics; Faculty of Medicine; University of Ljubljana; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Janja Majhenc
- Institute of Biophysics; Faculty of Medicine; University of Ljubljana; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Saša Svetina
- Institute of Biophysics; Faculty of Medicine; University of Ljubljana; Ljubljana Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan Institute; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Urška Batista
- Institute of Biophysics; Faculty of Medicine; University of Ljubljana; Ljubljana Slovenia
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Lizama CO, Zovein AC. Polarizing pathways: balancing endothelial polarity, permeability, and lumen formation. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:1247-54. [PMID: 23567183 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos O Lizama
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Chou CT, Bhawal UK, Watanabe N, Kuboyama N, Chang WJ, Lee SY, Abiko Y. Expression of caveolin-1 in the early phase of beta-TCP implanted in dog mandible. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2013; 101:804-12. [PMID: 23401359 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Caveolin is an essential and signature protein of caveolae. Caveolin-1 participates in signal transduction processes by acting as a scaffolding protein that concentrates, organizes and functional regulates signalling molecules within caveolar membranes. Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) has been widely used for scaffold in tissue engineering due to its high biodegradability, osteoconductivity, easy manipulation, and lack of histotoxicity. To better understand the role of caveolin-1 in bone homeostasis and response to β-TCP scaffold, β-TCP was implanted into the dog mandible defects in beagle dogs, and gene expression profiles were examined focused on the molecular components involved in caveolin-1 regulation. Here we showed the quantitative imageology analysis characterized using in vivo micro-computed tomography (CT) images at 4 and 7 days after β-TCP implanted in dog mandibles. The bone reformation by using the β-TCP scaffolds began within 4 days of surgery, and was healing well at 7 days after surgery. Higher mRNA level of caveolin-1 was observed in β-TCP-implanted Beagle dog mandibles compared with controls at day 4 and day 7 post-surgery. The enhancement of caveolin-1 by β-TCP was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis. We further revealed increased Smad7 and Phospho Stat3 expression in β-TCP-implanted specimens. Taken together, these results suggest that the enhancement of caveolin-1 play an important role in accelerating bone formation by β-TCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherng-Tzeh Chou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
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Shao M, Yue Y, Sun GY, You QH, Wang N, Zhang D. Caveolin-1 regulates Rac1 activation and rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial hyperpermeability induced by TNF-α. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55213. [PMID: 23383114 PMCID: PMC3559378 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A multiplicity of vital cellular and tissue level functions are controlled by caveolin-1 and it is considered to be an important candidate for targeted therapeutics. Rac1-cortactin signaling plays an important role in maintaining the functions of the endothelial barrier in microvascular endothelial cells. The activity of Rac1 has been shown to be regulated by caveolin-1. Therefore, the present study investigated the consequences of down-regulating caveolin-1 and the subsequent changes in activity of Rac1 and the endothelial barrier functions in primary rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (RPMVECs). RPMVECs were transfected with a small hairpin RNA duplex to down-regulate caveolin-1 expression. This procedure significantly increased the activity of Rac1. Moreover, down-regulation of caveolin-1 attenuated TNF-α-induced decrease in TER, increase in the flux of FITC-BSA and the disappearance of cortactin from the cell periphery in RPMVEC. Rac1 inhibitors significantly abolished this barrier-protective effect induced by down-regulation of caveolin-1 in response to TNF-α in RPMVECs. In conclusion, our data suggest a mechanism for the regulation of Rac1 activity by caveolin-1, with consequences for activation of endothelial cells in response to TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Yue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Geng-Yun Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| | - Qing-Hai You
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
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Effects of simulated microgravity on human umbilical vein endothelial cell angiogenesis and role of the PI3K-Akt-eNOS signal pathway. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40365. [PMID: 22808143 PMCID: PMC3396652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells are very sensitive to microgravity and the morphological and functional changes in endothelial cells are believed to be at the basis of weightlessness-induced cardiovascular deconditioning. It has been shown that the proliferation, migration, and morphological differentiation of endothelial cells play critical roles in angiogenesis. However, the influence of microgravity on the ability of endothelial cells to foster angiogenesis remains to be explored in detail. In the present study, we used a clinostat to simulate microgravity, and we observed tube formation, migration, and expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC-C). Specific inhibitors of eNOS and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) were added to the culture medium and gravity-induced changes in the pathways that mediate angiogenesis were investigated. After 24 h of exposure to simulated microgravity, HUVEC-C tube formation and migration were significantly promoted.This was reversed by co-incubation with the specific inhibitor of N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (eNOS). Immunofluorescence assay, RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis demonstrated that eNOS expression in the HUVEC-C was significantly elevated after simulated microgravity exhibition. Ultrastructure observation via transmission electron microscope showed the number of caveolae organelles in the membrane of HUVEC-C to be significantly reduced. This was correlated with enhanced eNOS activity. Western blot analysis then showed that phosphorylation of eNOS and serine/threonine kinase (Akt) were both up-regulated after exposure to simulated microgravity. However, the specific inhibitor of PI3K not only significantly downregulated the expression of phosphorylated Akt, but also downregulated the phosphorylation of eNOS. This suggested that the PI3K-Akt signal pathway might participate in modulating the activity of eNOS. In conclusion, the present study indicates that 24 h of exposure to simulated microgravity promote angiogenesis among HUVEC-C and that this process is mediated through the PI3K-Akt-eNOS signal pathway.
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Galvagni F, Baldari CT, Oliviero S, Orlandini M. An apical actin-rich domain drives the establishment of cell polarity during cell adhesion. Histochem Cell Biol 2012; 138:419-33. [PMID: 22644377 PMCID: PMC3426669 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-012-0965-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important questions in cell biology concerns how cells reorganize after sensing polarity cues. In the present study, we describe the formation of an actin-rich domain on the apical surface of human primary endothelial cells adhering to the substrate and investigate its role in cell polarity. We used confocal immunofluorescence procedures to follow the redistribution of proteins required for endothelial cell polarity during spreading initiation. Activated Moesin, vascular endothelial cadherin and partitioning defective 3 were found to be localized in the apical domain, whereas podocalyxin and caveolin-1 were distributed along the microtubule cytoskeleton axis, oriented from the centrosome to the cortical actin-rich domain. Moreover, activated signaling molecules were localized in the core of the apical domain in tight association with filamentous actin. During cell attachment, loss of the apical domain by Moesin silencing or drug disruption of the actin cytoskeleton caused irregular cell spreading and mislocalization of polarity markers. In conclusion, our results suggest that the apical domain that forms during the spreading process is a structural organizer of cell polarity by regulating trafficking and activation of signaling proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Galvagni
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Abstract
Caveolins (Cavs) are integrated plasma membrane proteins that are complex signaling regulators with numerous partners and whose activity is highly dependent on cellular context. Cavs are both positive and negative regulators of cell signaling in and/or out of caveolae, invaginated lipid raft domains whose formation is caveolin expression dependent. Caveolins and rafts have been implicated in membrane compartmentalization; proteins and lipids accumulate in these membrane microdomains where they transmit fast, amplified and specific signaling cascades. The concept of plasma membrane organization within functional rafts is still in exploration and sometimes questioned. In this chapter, we discuss the opposing functions of caveolin in cell signaling regulation focusing on the role of caveolin both as a promoter and inhibitor of different signaling pathways and on the impact of membrane domain localization on caveolin functionality in cell proliferation, survival, apoptosis and migration.
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Caveolin-1-enhanced motility and focal adhesion turnover require tyrosine-14 but not accumulation to the rear in metastatic cancer cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33085. [PMID: 22505999 PMCID: PMC3323582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 is known to promote cell migration, and increased caveolin-1 expression is associated with tumor progression and metastasis. In fibroblasts, caveolin-1 polarization and phosphorylation of tyrosine-14 are essential to promote migration. However, the role of caveolin-1 in migration of metastatic cells remains poorly defined. Here, caveolin-1 participation in metastatic cell migration was evaluated by shRNA targeting of endogenous caveolin-1 in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells and ectopic expression in B16-F10 mouse melanoma cells. Depletion of caveolin-1 in MDA-MB-231 cells reduced, while expression in B16-F10 cells promoted migration, polarization and focal adhesion turnover in a sequence of events that involved phosphorylation of tyrosine-14 and Rac-1 activation. In B16-F10 cells, expression of a non-phosphorylatable tyrosine-14 to phenylalanine mutant failed to recapitulate the effects observed with wild-type caveolin-1. Alternatively, treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with the Src family kinase inhibitor PP2 reduced caveolin-1 phosphorylation on tyrosine-14 and cell migration. Surprisingly, unlike for fibroblasts, caveolin-1 polarization and re-localization to the trailing edge were not observed in migrating metastatic cells. Thus, expression and phosphorylation, but not polarization of caveolin-1 favor the highly mobile phenotype of metastatic cells.
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Morais C, Ebrahem Q, Anand-Apte B, Parat MO. Altered angiogenesis in caveolin-1 gene-deficient mice is restored by ablation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 180:1702-14. [PMID: 22322296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2011] [Revised: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 is an essential structural protein of caveolae, specialized plasma membrane organelles highly abundant in endothelial cells, where they regulate multiple functions including angiogenesis. Caveolin-1 exerts a tonic inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity. Accordingly, caveolin-1 gene-disrupted mice have enhanced eNOS activity as well as increased systemic nitric oxide (NO) levels. We hypothesized that excess eNOS activity, secondary to caveolin deficiency, would mediate the decreased angiogenesis observed in caveolin-1 gene-disrupted mice. We tested tumor angiogenesis in mice lacking either one or both proteins, using in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo assays. We show that endothelial cell migration, tube formation, cell sprouting from aortic rings, tumor growth, and angiogenesis are all significantly impaired in both caveolin-1-null and eNOS-null mice. We further show that these parameters were either partially or fully restored in double knockout mice that lack both caveolin-1 and eNOS. Furthermore, the effects of genetic ablation of eNOS are mimicked by the administration of the NOS inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME), including the reversal of the caveolin-1-null mouse angiogenic phenotype. This study is the first to demonstrate the detrimental effects of unregulated eNOS activity on angiogenesis, and shows that impaired tumor angiogenesis in caveolin-1-null mice is, at least in part, the result of enhanced eNOS activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christudas Morais
- University of Queensland School of Pharmacy, Woolloongabba, Australia
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