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Shao CH, Tuomi L, Finizia C, Wu CY, Chen RH, Chan CJ, Chen YJ, Lee CH, Chang WC, Tsai SC, Huang TW. Trismus in head and neck cancer: translation and validation of the Chinese version of the Gothenburg Trismus Questionnaire-2 (C-GTQ-2). Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:146. [PMID: 38351210 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05537-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Trismus, marked by restricted mouth opening, significantly affects patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and head and neck cancer (HNC). Despite its prevalence, specialized questionnaires for trismus assessment are scarce. This study aims to fill this gap by translating and validating the Gothenburg Trismus Questionnaire version 2 (GTQ-2) into Chinese (C-GTQ-2), enhancing the evaluation of trismus in HNC and TMD patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study involved 78 HNC patients, 75 TMD patients, and a control group of 150 individuals without trismus symptoms. Participants were asked to complete the C-GTQ-2 and other health-related quality of life (HRQL) instruments. A subset of 30 individuals retook the questionnaire within two weeks to assess test-retest reliability. RESULTS The C-GTQ-2 demonstrated remarkable reliability, with Cronbach's alpha values exceeding 0.70 in three of the four domains, indicating high internal consistency. The instrument also showcased high intra-class correlations in the test-retest, affirming its reliability. Furthermore, it exhibited strong convergent validity, aligning well with other HRQL instruments, and effectively discriminated between patients with and without trismus, establishing its discriminant validity. CONCLUSIONS The C-GTQ-2 emerges as a valid and reliable tool for assessing trismus in HNC and TMD patients, promising to significantly enhance both clinical and research approaches to managing trismus-related complications in the Chinese-speaking demographic. CLINICAL RELEVANCE C-GTQ-2 proves effective for trismus assessment in head and neck cancer and temporomandibular disorder patients, offering enhanced clinical and research utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hui Shao
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lisa Tuomi
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Speech and Language Pathology Unit, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Region Västra GötalandSahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Caterina Finizia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Region Västra GötalandSahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Chia-Yu Wu
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rou-Han Chen
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Chan
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Jen Chen
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Lee
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chin Chang
- Department of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Tsai
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Wei Huang
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Nursing, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Research Center in Nursing Clinical Practice, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Cochrane Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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2
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Wang CY, Lu CY, Yang SY, Tsai SC, Huang TW. 3D Virtual Reality Smartphone Training for Chemotherapy Drug Administration by Non-oncology Nurses: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:889125. [PMID: 35795629 PMCID: PMC9251548 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.889125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy agents are cytotoxic materials. Thus, there is a need for the operators to be familiar with the knowledge and procedures before operation. We conducted a randomized controlled trial investigating the effectiveness of an immersive 3D VR teaching of chemotherapy administration operated in a smartphone coupled with a visual and audio device. We adopted a two-arm single-blind design and recruited 83 nurses, and they were randomized using a cluster approach. The VR group learned chemotherapy administration through VR, while the controlled group learned through document reading. The Knowledge and Attitude of Chemotherapy Administration (KACA) was administrated before the intervention, while the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) and the Checklist of Action Accomplishment (CAA) were administrated one month after the intervention. The VR group scored higher than the controlled group in the CAA (95.69 ± 5.37 vs. 91.98 ± 9.31, p = 0.02) and the OSCE (73.07 ± 10.99 vs. 67.44 ±10.65, p = 0.02). Stepwise regression demonstrated that service years, an education level of undergraduate or above, and VR exposure contributed positively to the OSCE score (adjusted R2 = 0.194, p = 0.028). The use of VR improves the learning efficacy of chemotherapy administration in non-oncology nurses. We recommend using VR as a teaching tool for chemotherapy administration and other chemotherapy-related skills in a VR learning group with senior nurses with higher education levels as advisors. The study provides an approach to online training, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. (CONSORT 2010 guidelines, registry number: NCT 04840732).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yun Wang
- Center for Nursing and Healthcare Research in Clinical Practice Application, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Lu
- Center for Nursing and Healthcare Research in Clinical Practice Application, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Su-Yueh Yang
- Center for Nursing and Healthcare Research in Clinical Practice Application, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Tsai
- Center for Nursing and Healthcare Research in Clinical Practice Application, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Wei Huang
- Center for Nursing and Healthcare Research in Clinical Practice Application, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cochrane Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Tsai-Wei Huang
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Hsu LF, Chang BE, Tseng KJ, Liao CC, Tsai SC, Hsiao HY, Lin SC, Liao PW, Chen YJ, Jane Yao CC. Orthodontic force regulates metalloproteinase-3 promoter in osteoblasts and transgenic mouse models. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:331-337. [PMID: 35028055 PMCID: PMC8740386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Previously we demonstrated up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) in human osteoblasts under compression and in bony specimens of experimental orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Here, we studied the temporal characteristics of compression stimulation in human and mouse osteoblast cell lines, and generated a transgenic mouse model for assessing the MMP-3 expression during OTM. Materials and methods We investigated MMP-3 expressions in human and murine osteoblasts through RT-PCR and luciferase assay, after compressive force loading. Inhibitors were added to identify the possible mechanisms for signal transduction. A human MMP-3 promoter was isolated, cloned and transfected to generate a transgenic mouse with a green fluorescent protein reporter. OTM was then initiated to observe the location and time course of transcriptional regulation of MMP-3 signals. Results We found changes in the transcription of MMP-3 in response to mechanical force applied to both human and mouse osteoblast cell lines, suggesting that the response is positive across species. Cloned human MMP-3 promoter may cause the response of luciferase to 1% compression. Moreover, p38 inhibitor exerted a down-regulatory effect on MMP-3 promoter expression, although the inhibitory effect didn't reach a significant level. In the transgenic mouse OTM model, we again found increased expression of MMP-3 in response to mechanical force loading around the periodontal ligament. Conclusion Mechanical force can stimulate MMP-3 expression, possibly through the p38 MAPK pathway, with its strongest signal occurring at 24 h. The mechanical responsiveness in MMP-3 promoter regions can be observed in both humans and rodents in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fang Hsu
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bei-En Chang
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Jung Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Liao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yi Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Liao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jane Chen
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dental Department, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chen Jane Yao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dental Department, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Yeh FL, Chang SL, Ahmed GR, Liu HI, Tung L, Yeh CS, Lanier LS, Maeder C, Lin CM, Tsai SC, Hsiao WY, Chang WH, Chang TH. Activation of Prp28 ATPase by phosphorylated Npl3 at a critical step of spliceosome remodeling. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3082. [PMID: 34035302 PMCID: PMC8149812 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Splicing, a key step in the eukaryotic gene-expression pathway, converts precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) into mRNA by excising introns and ligating exons. This task is accomplished by the spliceosome, a macromolecular machine that must undergo sequential conformational changes to establish its active site. Each of these major changes requires a dedicated DExD/H-box ATPase, but how these enzymes are activated remain obscure. Here we show that Prp28, a yeast DEAD-box ATPase, transiently interacts with the conserved 5' splice-site (5'SS) GU dinucleotide and makes splicing-dependent contacts with the U1 snRNP protein U1C, and U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP proteins, Prp8, Brr2, and Snu114. We further show that Prp28's ATPase activity is potentiated by the phosphorylated Npl3, but not the unphosphorylated Npl3, thus suggesting a strategy for regulating DExD/H-box ATPases. We propose that Npl3 is a functional counterpart of the metazoan-specific Prp28 N-terminal region, which can be phosphorylated and serves as an anchor to human spliceosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Lung Yeh
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Hsin-I Liu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Luh Tung
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Shu Yeh
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Leah Stands Lanier
- Department of Biology, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA, USA
| | - Corina Maeder
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Che-Min Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Tsai
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yi Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hau Chang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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5
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Traylor J, Friedman J, Runge M, Tsai SC, Chaudhari A, Milad MP. 1180 Factors that Influence Applicants Pursuing A Fellowship in Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (FMIGS). J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Persenaire C, Duyar S, Traylor J, Tsai SC, Chaudhari A. 2170 Vaginoscopy: A Minimally Invasive Approach to Hysteroscopy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Wang CM, Tsai SC, Lin JC, Wu YJJ, Wu J, Chen JY. Association of Genetic Variants of RANK, RANKL, and OPG with Ankylosing Spondylitis Clinical Features in Taiwanese. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:8029863. [PMID: 31015798 PMCID: PMC6446096 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8029863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to spinal ankylosis. The receptor activator of the nuclear factor-kappa (RANK), RANK ligand, and osteoprotegerin (OPG) (RANK/RANKL/OPG) pathway plays critical roles in bone metabolism and the immune system. The current study was aimed at investigating whether six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the RANK, RANKL, and OPG genes essential for bone homeostasis are associated with AS. Genotype distributions, allele and haplotype frequencies, were compared between 1120 AS patients and 1435 healthy controls and among AS patients with stratification by syndesmophyte formation, onset age, and HLA-B27 positivity. We found that RANKL SNPs were associated with AS syndesmophyte formation. Notably, the RANKL SNP haplotype rs7984870C/rs9533155G/rs9525641C was negatively associated with AS susceptibility and appeared to protect against syndesmophyte formation in AS. Functionally, RANKL promoter SNPs (rs9525641 C/T and rs9533155 G/C) affected DNA-protein complex formation and promoter activity in promoter reporter analyses. The OPG SNP haplotype rs2073618G/rs3102735T was significantly associated with HLA-B27 negativity in AS patients. Furthermore, AS patients with syndesmophyte formation had significantly lower levels of soluble RANKL levels than those without syndesmophyte formation. Our data suggested a role for RANKL in AS susceptibility and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Man Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Tsai
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2 Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Chi Lin
- Attending Physician, Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Yeong-Jian Jan Wu
- Attending Physician, Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Jianming Wu
- Associate Professor, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Ji-Yih Chen
- Attending Physician, Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan
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Tsai SC, Lin CC, Shih TC, Tseng RJ, Yu MC, Lin YJ, Hsieh SY. The miR-200b-ZEB1 circuit regulates diverse stemness of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:2035-2047. [PMID: 28383782 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be derived from cancer stem cells (CSCs), which contribute to tumor initiation, metastasis, chemoresistance, and recurrence. A great variety of HCC CSCs resulting in diverse clinical manifestations have been reported. However, how CSC diversity is regulated and generated remains unclear. Here we report that the miR-200b-ZEB1 circuit is closely involved with the induction and maintenance of a diverse group of CSCs. We found that miR-200b downregulation occurred in early HCC and associated with poor prognosis. The downregulation was attributable to genome deletion and promoter methylation of the miR-200a/b/429 gene. Ectopic expression of miR-200b or silencing of ZEB1 led to a decrease in CD13+ and CD24+ HCC CSCs and an increase in EpCAM+ HCC CSCs. Mechanistically, miR-200b directly suppressed BMI1 and ZEB1 expressions. ZEB1 recognized promoters of CD13, CD24, and EpCAM genes resulting in CD13 and CD24 upregulation and EpCAM downregulation. Neither miR-200b nor ZEB1 had obvious effects on CD133 or CD90 expression. Silencing CD13 or CD24 expression suppressed tumorigenicity of HCC cells. Ectopic expression of CD24 reversed the suppression of tumorigenicity by ectopic expression of miR-200b. Clinically, miR-200b downregulation was coupled with ZEB1 upregulation in approximately two-thirds of HCC patients. ZEB1 expression was positively correlated with CD13 and CD24 expressions in HCCs, while miR-200b expression was positively correlated with EpCAM. Our findings suggest that the miR-200b-ZEB1 circuit is a master regulator of diverse stemness of HCC, which differentiates HCCs into those containing CD13+ /CD24+ CSCs from those containing EpCAM+ CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chun Tsai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chun Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chieh Shih
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Rong-Jeng Tseng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chin Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jr Lin
- Medical Statistics and Clinical Informatics Lab, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sen-Yung Hsieh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Wang YP, Lin CF, Tsai SC, Tsai CH, Yeh TH. Upregulation of Caveolin-1 correlate with Akt expression and poor prognosis in NPC patients. Laryngoscope 2015; 125:E231-8. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.25297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Piao Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology; Mackay Memorial Hospital; Zhongzheng Rd Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology and School of Medicine; Mackay Medical College; Zhongzheng Rd Taipei Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chih-Feng Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology; National Taiwan University Hospital
| | - Shu-Chun Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology; National Taiwan University Hospital
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hwa Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology; National Taiwan University Hospital
| | - Te-Huei Yeh
- Department of Otolaryngology; National Taiwan University Hospital
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
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Tsai SC, Shih LY, Liang ST, Huang YJ, Kuo MC, Huang CF, Shih YS, Lin TH, Chiu MC, Liang DC. Biological Activities of RUNX1 Mutants Predict Secondary Acute Leukemia Transformation from Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:3541-51. [PMID: 25840971 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Transcription factor RUNX1 is essential for normal hematopoiesis. High mutation frequencies of RUNX1 gene in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have been described, whereas the biologic significances of the mutations were not investigated. Here, we aimed to correlate the biologic activities of the RUNX1 mutants with the clinical outcomes of patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We examined the mutational status of RUNX1 in 143 MDS and 84 CMML patients. Then, we studied the DNA and CBFβ binding abilities of all the RUNX1 mutants identified by using electrophoretic mobility shift assay and co-immunoprecipitation assay, and also determined their activities on target C-FMS gene induction by Western blotting and luciferase reporter assay. Using luciferase reporter assay, the relative biologic activities of each RUNX1 mutant could be quantified and correlated with the patient outcomes by statistical analyses. RESULTS We observed that most RUNX1 mutants had reduced abilities in DNA binding, CBFβ heterodimerization, and C-FMS gene induction. The relative biologic activities of RUNX1 mutants were grouped into high- and low-activity mutations. Correlation of the activities of RUNX1 mutants with the clinical outcomes revealed that patients harboring lower activities of RUNX1 mutants had a higher risk and shorter time to secondary acute myeloid leukemia transformation in MDS and CMML. In multivariate analysis, low RUNX1 activity remained an independent predictor for secondary acute myeloid leukemia-free survival in MDS patients. CONCLUSIONS The biologic activity rather than the mutational status of RUNX1 might be an indicator in predicting outcome of patients with MDS and CMML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chun Tsai
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Yung Shih
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Sung-Tzu Liang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jung Huang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chung Kuo
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chein-Fuang Huang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shu Shih
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Huei Lin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chun Chiu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Der-Cherng Liang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Tsai CS, Mao RW, Lin SK, Zhu Y, Tsai SC. Faraday instability-based micro droplet ejection for inhalation drug delivery. Technology (Singap World Sci) 2014; 2:75. [PMID: 25045720 PMCID: PMC4100548 DOI: 10.1142/s233954781450006x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We report here the technology and the underlying science of a new device for inhalation (pulmonary) drug delivery which is capable of fulfilling needs unmet by current commercial devices. The core of the new device is a centimeter-size clog-free silicon-based ultrasonic nozzle with multiple Fourier horns in resonance at megahertz (MHz) frequency. The dramatic resonance effect among the multiple horns and high growth rate of the MHz Faraday waves excited on a medicinal liquid layer together facilitate ejection of monodisperse droplets of desirable size range (2-5 µm) at low electrical drive power (<1.0 W). The small nozzle requiring low drive power has enabled realization of a pocket-size (8.6 × 5.6 × 1.5 cm3) ultrasonic nebulizer. A variety of common pulmonary drugs have been nebulized using the pocket-size unit with desirable aerosol sizes and output rate. These results clearly provide proof-of-principle for the new device and confirm its potential for commercialization.
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Chua HH, Chiu HY, Lin SJ, Weng PL, Lin JH, Wu SW, Tsai SC, Tsai CH. p53 and Sp1 cooperate to regulate the expression of Epstein-Barr viral Zta protein. J Med Virol 2012; 84:1279-88. [PMID: 22711357 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) belongs to the gammaherpesvirus family. To produce infectious progeny, EBV reactivates from latency into the lytic cycle by expressing the determinative lytic transactivator, Zta. In the presence of histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), p53 is a prerequisite for the initiation of the EBV lytic cycle by facilitating the expression of Zta. In this study, a serial mutational analysis of Zta promoter (Zp) indicated an important role for the ZID element in responding to HDACi induction and p53 binds to this ZID element together with Sp1, a universal transcription factor. Abolition of the DNA-binding ability of Sp1 reduces the inducibility of ZID by HDACi and also reduces the amount of p53 binding to ZID. Finally, it was shown that EBV in p53-positive-lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) can enter into the lytic cycle spontaneously; however, knockdown of p53 in LCLs leads to retardation of EBV reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Huey Chua
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Lee CW, Leu SJJ, Tzeng RY, Wang SF, Tsai SC, Sun KH, Chen RH, Huang JC. Latent membrane protein 1 of Epstein-Barr virus regulates death-associated protein kinase 1 in lymphoblastoid cell line. Virology 2011; 413:19-25. [PMID: 21353277 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2011.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects and transforms primary B cells into lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). We observed death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) upregulation in B cells following EBV infection and high DAPK1 levels in LCLs. DAPK1 participates in several apoptosis-inducing pathways, yet DAPK1 expression increased during B cell transformation. Data from LMP1 overexpression in LCLs and HeLa cells and from knocked down LMP1 in LCLs suggest LMP1 regulation of DAPK1 expression. We observed NF-κB signaling in DAPK1 upregulation by LMP1 with CTAR deletion mutants failing to induce DAPK1 expression and with Bay11 blocking DAPK1 expression. DAPK1 is inactive in LCLs due to insufficient stimuli, and is not regulated by Ser308 phosphorylation. However, DAPK1 in LCLs is functional, as evidenced by its quick mediation of cell death following UV or H(2)O(2) exposure, and increased survival among LCLs knocked down with DAPK. DAPK roles in EBV-infected B cells remain to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wei Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Chen PW, Lin SJ, Tsai SC, Lin JH, Chen MR, Wang JT, Lee CP, Tsai CH. Regulation of microtubule dynamics through phosphorylation on stathmin by Epstein-Barr virus kinase BGLF4. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:10053-10063. [PMID: 20110360 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.044420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stathmin is an important microtubule (MT)-destabilizing protein, and its activity is differently attenuated by phosphorylation at one or more of its four phosphorylatable serine residues (Ser-16, Ser-25, Ser-38, and Ser-63). This phosphorylation of stathmin plays important roles in mitotic spindle formation. We observed increasing levels of phosphorylated stathmin in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-harboring lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines during the EBV lytic cycle. These suggest that EBV lytic products may be involved in the regulation of stathmin phosphorylation. BGLF4 is an EBV-encoded kinase and has similar kinase activity to cdc2, an important kinase that phosphorylates serine residues 25 and 38 of stathmin during mitosis. Using an siRNA approach, we demonstrated that BGLF4 contributes to the phosphorylation of stathmin in EBV-harboring NPC. Moreover, we confirmed that BGLF4 interacts with and phosphorylates stathmin using an in vitro kinase assay and an in vivo two-dimensional electrophoresis assay. Interestingly, unlike cdc2, BGLF4 was shown to phosphorylate non-proline directed serine residues of stathmin (Ser-16) and it mediated phosphorylation of stathmin predominantly at serines 16, 25, and 38, indicating that BGLF4 can down-regulate the activity of stathmin. Finally, we demonstrated that the pattern of MT organization was changed in BGLF4-expressing cells, possibly through phosphorylation of stathmin. In conclusion, we have shown that a viral Ser/Thr kinase can directly modulate the activity of stathmin and this contributes to alteration of cellular MT dynamics and then may modulate the associated cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Sue-Jane Lin
- Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Han Lin
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ru Chen
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Tarng Wang
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Pei Lee
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hwa Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
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15
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Lin YM, Chen CN, Yoshinaga T, Tsai SC, Shen ID, Lee TH. Short-term effects of hyposmotic shock on Na+/K+-ATPase expression in gills of the euryhaline milkfish, Chanos chanos. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2006; 143:406-15. [PMID: 16459117 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2005.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2005] [Revised: 12/21/2005] [Accepted: 12/21/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Changes in expression of gill Na+/K+ -ATPase (NKA) on a short-term (96 h) time-course following hyposmotic shock (direct transfer to fresh water) of the euryhaline, marine milkfish were studied on gene, protein, and cell levels in this paper. Plasma osmolality and [Na+] responded with rapid declines in 3 h post-transfer yet, thereafter, remained constant. Plasma [Cl-] gradually fell to a significantly lower level at 6 h post-transfer. Gills responded to hyposmotic shock by a dual phase enhancement of NKA activity and protein abundance; (a) Before 24 h: NKA activity increased as early as 3 h and reached a maximum level from 6 to 12 h post-transfer coincided with the sustained lower levels of plasma osmolality, [Na+], and [Cl-] since 3 h post-transfer. This was followed by a gradual rise in alpha-subunit protein levels that peaked at 12 h post-transfer. Meanwhile, alpha-mRNA of NKA did no show significant change. (b) After 24 h: NKA activity as well as the amounts of alpha-subunit mRNA and protein increased significantly. Direct freshwater transfer induced a prompt and significant decrease of NKA immunoreactive (NKIR) cell abundance in filaments before 24 h, followed by a significant increase after 24 h due to their development in filaments and lamellae. Increased number of NKIR cells after 24 h of hyposmotic shock may occur in conjunction with rise of NKA activity as well as alpha-subunit mRNA and protein abundance. In conclusion, milkfish is able to avoid an excessive drop in plasma ions immediately upon hyposmotic shock and maintain plasma ions on a marginal lower level in fresh water. Notably, the initial increase in NKA activity (adjustive phase; 3-12 h) and delayed increase in NKA mRNA and protein abundance (regulatory phase; 48-96 h) indicate the importance of a higher level of the gill enzyme in milkfish upon hyposmotic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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16
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Lu J, Lin WH, Chen SY, Longnecker R, Tsai SC, Chen CL, Tsai CH. Syk tyrosine kinase mediates Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 2A-induced cell migration in epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:8806-14. [PMID: 16431925 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m507305200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is known to be important in hematopoietic cell development, the roles of Syk in epithelial cells have not been well studied. Limited data suggest that Syk plays alternate roles in carcinogenesis under different circumstances. In breast cancer, Syk has been suggested to be a tumor suppressor. In contrast, Syk is essential for murine mammary tumor virus-mediated transformation. However, the roles of Syk in tumor migration are still largely unknown. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, an unusually highly metastatic tumor, expresses Epstein-Barr virus LMP2A (latent membrane protein 2A) in most clinical specimens. Previously, we demonstrated LMP2A triggers epithelial cell migration. LMP2A contains an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif, which is important for Syk kinase activation in B cells. In this study, we explored whether Syk is important for LMP2A-mediated epithelial cell migration. We demonstrate that LMP2A expression can activate endogenous Syk activity. The activation requires the tyrosine residues in LMP2A ITAM but not YEEA motif, which is important for Syk activation by Lyn in B cells. LMP2A interacts with Syk as demonstrated by coimmunoprecipitation and confocal microscopy. Furthermore, LMP2A-induced cell migration is inhibited by a Syk inhibitor and short interfering RNA. Tyrosines 74 and 85 in the LMP2A immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif are essential for both Syk activation and LMP2A-mediated cell migration, indicating the involvement of Syk in LMP2A-triggered cell migration. The LMP2A-Syk pathway may provide suitable drug targets for treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Lu
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10063, Taiwan
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17
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Fu YC, Liu FY, Tsai SC, Hwang B, Chi CS. Poor agreement between dipyridamole-stress technetium-99m-tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography and two-dimensional echocardiography in Kawasaki disease. Int J Cardiol 2003; 90:57-61. [PMID: 12821220 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5273(02)00525-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To establish a noninvasive diagnostic method for early assessment of cardiac involvement in Kawasaki disease (KD), 28 children with KD were included in this study. Two-dimensional echocardiography (2D-Echo) to detect the aneurysms of coronary arteries (CA), as well as rest and dipyridamole-stress technetium-99m tetrofosmin (Tc-TF) myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to detect abnormal myocardial perfusion were performed in all of the 28 children with KD and to compare each other. The results showed that (1). 42.9% of cases had no aneurysm and 57.1% had significant aneurysms detected by 2D-Echo; (2). 42.9% of cases had normal perfusion and 57.1% of cases had abnormal myocardial perfusion assessed by Tc-TF myocardial perfusion SPECT; (3). 25.0% of cases showed both normal 2D-Echo and Tc-TF myocardial perfusion SPECT findings and 39.3% of cases showed both abnormal 2D-Echo and Tc-TF myocardial perfusion SPECT findings; and (4). there was poor agreement between 2D-Echo and Tc-TF myocardial perfusion SPECT findings (P>0.05). We concluded that poor agreement exists between aneurysms and abnormal myocardial perfusion detected by 2D-Echo and Tc-TF myocardial perfusion SPECT findings in patients with KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 160, Section 3, Chung Kang Rd, Taichung 40705, Taiwan.
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18
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Shiau YC, Tsai SC, Wang JJ, Ho YJ, Ho ST, Kao CH. Technetium-99m tetrofosmin chest imaging related to p-glycoprotein expression for predicting the response with paclitaxel-based chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Lung 2002; 179:197-207. [PMID: 11891611 DOI: 10.1007/s004080000061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2001] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to use technetium-99m tetrofosmin (Tc-TF) uptake in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for predicting the chemotherapeutic response of NSCLC to paclitaxel and to compare the results with the expression of multidrug resistance (MDR) - P-glycoprotein (Pgp). Twenty patients with advanced NSCLC were enrolled in this study before chemotherapy with paclitaxel. Tc-TF chest imaging was performed to calculate early and delayed tumor-to-normal lung (T/NL) count-density ratios, as well as washout indexes (WIs). Immunohistochemical analyses were performed on multiple nonconsecutive sections of the biopsy specimens to detect Pgp expression. The response to chemotherapy was evaluated by clinical and radiological methods in the third month after completion of treatment. The early and delayed T/NL count-density ratios of patients with good response were significantly higher than those of patients with poor response (p <0.05). However, no significant difference in WI between the two groups of patients was found (p > 0.05). A significantly higher incidence of good response was found in patients with negative Pgp expression (100%) than in patients with positive Pgp expression (40%) (p <0.05). Significantly higher early and delayed T/NL count-density ratios as well as decreased WIs were found in patients with negative Pgp expression than in patients with positive Pgp expression. However, other prognostic factors (age, sex, body weight loss, performance status, tumor stage, and tumor cell type) were not significantly different between the patients with good response and those with poor response. Because Tc-TF chest images can correctly represent the expression of Pgp in NSCLC, it can accurately predict the chemotherapeutic response to paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Shiau
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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19
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Shiau YC, Tsai SC, Wang JJ, Ho ST, Kao A. Detecting parathyroid adenoma using technetium-99m tetrofosmin: comparison with P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance related protein expression--a preliminary report. Nucl Med Biol 2002; 29:339-44. [PMID: 11929704 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(01)00314-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships among technetium-99m tetrofosmin (Tc-TF) accumulation in parathyroid adenoma and the expression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) or multidrug resistance related protein (MRP). Before operation, 33 patients with parathyroid adenomas (larger than 1.5 gm) were studied with parathyroid scintigraphy 10 minutes and 2 hours after intravenous injection of Tc-TF before operation. Immunohistochemical analyses (IHA) were performed on multiple nonconsecutive sections of operative parathyroid specimens to detect Pgp or MRP expression. According to the results of IHA, the 33 parathyroid adenomas were separated into four groups: (1) 2 adenomas with both positive Pgp and positive MRP expression, (2) 1 adenomas with positive Pgp but negative MRP expression, (3) 2 adenomas with negative Pgp but positive MRP expression, and (4) 28 adenomas with both negative Pgp and negative MRP expression. All of 28 adenomas in the group 4 could be detected by Tc-TF parathyroid imaging. All of 5 adenomas in the groups 1 to 3 could not be detected by TcTF parathyroid imaging (p < 0.05). Not only the size of parathyroid adenomas, but also significant Pgp or MRP expression limited the sensitivity of Tc-TF parathyroid imaging to localize parathyroid adenomas before operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Shiau
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Tsai SC, Miercke LJ, Krucinski J, Gokhale R, Chen JC, Foster PG, Cane DE, Khosla C, Stroud RM. Crystal structure of the macrocycle-forming thioesterase domain of the erythromycin polyketide synthase: versatility from a unique substrate channel. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:14808-13. [PMID: 11752428 PMCID: PMC64940 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.011399198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As the first structural elucidation of a modular polyketide synthase (PKS) domain, the crystal structure of the macrocycle-forming thioesterase (TE) domain from the 6-deoxyerythronolide B synthase (DEBS) was solved by a combination of multiple isomorphous replacement and multiwavelength anomalous dispersion and refined to an R factor of 24.1% to 2.8-A resolution. Its overall tertiary architecture belongs to the alpha/beta-hydrolase family, with two unusual features unprecedented in this family: a hydrophobic leucine-rich dimer interface and a substrate channel that passes through the entire protein. The active site triad, comprised of Asp-169, His-259, and Ser-142, is located in the middle of the substrate channel, suggesting the passage of the substrate through the protein. Modeling indicates that the active site can accommodate and orient the 6-deoxyerythronolide B precursor uniquely, while at the same time shielding the active site from external water and catalyzing cyclization by macrolactone formation. The geometry and organization of functional groups explain the observed substrate specificity of this TE and offer strategies for engineering macrocycle biosynthesis. Docking of a homology model of the upstream acyl carrier protein (ACP6) against the TE suggests that the 2-fold axis of the TE dimer may also be the axis of symmetry that determines the arrangement of domains in the entire DEBS. Sequence conservation suggests that all TEs from modular polyketide synthases have a similar fold, dimer 2-fold axis, and substrate channel geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Tsai
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Kao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Chunghua, Taiwan.
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22
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Tsai YY, Lin JM, Tsai SC. Giant tear retinal detachment after laser in situ keratomileusis--a case report. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2001; 17:586-9. [PMID: 11852468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A 42-year-old woman with a refractive error of -10.00S - 2.00C x 105 degrees in the right eye underwent laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) at our hospital. LASIK was performed using the Schwind excimer laser (Keratom Multiscan, Schwind, Kleinostheim, Germany) and Moria LSK--One manual microkeratome with a 130 microns ablation plate. The uncorrected visual acuity improved postoperatively, and the patient was very satisfied. However, nine months later, she complained of sudden loss of visual acuity in the right eye. Indirect ophthalmoscopy revealed a giant retinal tear extending from 10:00 to 2:00 o'clock position with retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhage. We performed scleral buckling procedure (with silicone band encircling), vitrectomy, and fluid-gas exchange with air/SF6 mixture. The retina attached postoperatively and remained so during 3-month follow-up period, but cellophane maculopathy was noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical College Hospital, 2 Yuh Der Road, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lee FY, Lien JC, Huang LJ, Huang TM, Tsai SC, Teng CM, Wu CC, Cheng FC, Kuo SC. Synthesis of 1-benzyl-3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)indazole analogues as novel antiplatelet agents. J Med Chem 2001; 44:3746-9. [PMID: 11606139 DOI: 10.1021/jm010001h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
1-Benzyl-3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)indazole (28, YC-1) was selected as the lead compound for systemic structural modification. After screening for antiplatelet activity, SARs of YC-1 analogues were established. Among these potent active derivatives, compounds 29, 30, 31, 44, and 45 functioned as potent activators of sGC and inhibitors of PDE5 with potency comparable to that of YC-1. In addition, compound 58 was found to be a selective and potent inhibitor of protease-activated receptor type 4 (PAR4)-dependent platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Y Lee
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Tsai SC, Shiau YC, Wang JJ, Ho YJ, Kao CH. Comparison of the uptake and clearance of Tc-99m MIBI, Tl-201 and Ga-67 in drug-resistant lymphoma cell lines. Cancer Lett 2001; 171:147-52. [PMID: 11520598 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00572-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tc-99m sestamibi (MIBI) has been used as a tumor-seeking agent. However, its role in detecting lymphomas has not been widely investigated. The aim of the present study was to determine the uptake and clearance characteristics of Tc-99m MIBI in vincristine-resistant lymphoma cell lines. In addition, thallium-201 (Tl-201) and gallium-67 (Ga-67) uptake and clearance characteristics were evaluated for comparison with Tc-99m MIBI. Drug-resistant lymphoma cell lines (monocyte-like, histiocytic lymphoma, human; B-lymphoma cell line, American Burkitt lymphoma, lymphoblastoid, human; Hodgkin's disease, lymphoid, human) were selected by multistep vincristine treatment up to 50 nM. After incubation of the radiotracers, Tc-99m MIBI, Tl-201 and Ga-67, in medium for 0, 10, 20, 30, 60 or 120 min, the uptake and clearance of each radiotracer were measured in the drug-resistant lymphoma cell lines. In addition, P-glycoprotein expression was determined by immunohistochemical study. In a comparison of the three radiotracers, the uptake of Tc-99m MIBI was the greatest in the studied wild-type lymphoma cell lines. Tc-99m MIBI uptake was much lower in drug-resistant tumor cell lines than in non-resistant cell lines. On the other hand, the uptake characteristics of Tl-201 did not differ between drug-resistant and non-resistant cells. Immunohistochemistry analyses of Ab-1 or JSB indicated that tumor cells expressed MDR-1 protein in all three cell lines. Tc-99m MIBI is a good radiotracer for detecting drug resistance in lymphoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Tsai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Chunghua, Taiwan
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25
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Sun SS, Shiau YC, Tsai SC, Lin CC, Kao A, Lee CC. The role of technetium-99m sestamibi myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in the detection of cardiovascular involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with non-specific chest complaints. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2001; 40:1106-11. [PMID: 11600739 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/40.10.1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can affect multiple organs. Coronary artery disease has received increasing recognition as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in SLE in recent years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of technetium-99m sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography ((99m)Tc-sestamibi SPECT) in the detection of cardiovascular involvement in SLE patients with non-specific clinical chest symptoms such as chest discomfort and/or dyspnoea and/or occasional palpitation. METHODS Thirty-three SLE female patients (age range: 22-45 yr) with non-specific complaints such as chest discomfort and/or dyspnoea and/or occasional palpitation were investigated using a (99m)Tc-sestamibi myocardial perfusion SPECT scan at rest and after dipyridamole infusion in a stress study. The age- and sex-matched healthy group (24 cases) and SLE patients without any cardiovascular symptoms/signs (28 cases) were also included as controls in this study. The results of the uptake pattern of (99m)Tc-sestamibi were classified into four types including normal, persistent perfusion defect, reversible perfusion defect and reverse redistribution. RESULTS Perfusion abnormalities were detected in 27 cases (seven patients had persistent perfusion defects, 15 patients had reversible perfusion defects, one patient had both persistent and reversible perfusion defects, two patients showed a reverse redistribution pattern and two patients had both reversible perfusion defects and a reverse redistribution pattern). The results of the SPECT in the healthy group were all normal. However, perfusion abnormalities were detected in 12 cases in the group of asymptomatic SLE patients. CONCLUSIONS (99m)Tc-sestamibi myocardial perfusion SPECT is a useful non-invasive imaging modality to detect cardiovascular involvement in SLE patients with non-specific clinical complaints of heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China Medicine College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Abstract
PURPOSE Intra-abdominal infection is still an important issue in colorectal surgery. The Ga-67 scan is relatively inexpensive, but the delay in diagnosis and the intense physiologic bowel activity are considerable drawbacks to its use in abdominal investigations. In this study, the authors performed 24-hour Ga-67 scans and read the images with the surgeon to detect abdominal infection in patients who underwent colorectal surgery. METHODS Sixty-one patients who underwent colorectal surgery were enrolled in this study. Ga-67 scintigraphy was performed 24 hours, and later as needed, after the injection of 111 MBq (3 mCi) Ga-67 citrate. All scans were interpreted together by a nuclear medicine specialist and the surgeon. The intensity of Ga-67 uptake was recorded as grade 0: no uptake; grade 1: less than liver uptake; grade 2: equal to liver uptake; or grade 3: greater than liver uptake. When the intensity of Ga-67 uptake was equal to or greater than grade 2, the pattern of Ga-67 uptake was classified as changing or unchanging. A positive Ga-67 scan was defined as having an intensity of grade 2 or 3 with an unchanging pattern. RESULTS Nineteen abdominal infections were diagnosed, all by Ga-67 scans, for a diagnostic sensitivity rate of 100%. Of the 42 patients with no intra-abdominal infection, only 2 had positive Ga-67 scans. This resulted in a specificity rate of 95.2%. The overall accuracy of the Ga-67 scan in the detection of intra-abdominal infection after colorectal surgery was 96.7%. CONCLUSIONS The Ga-67 scan is useful for detecting intra-abdominal infection after colorectal surgery. Reading the images with the surgeon and using a lateral view can decrease the false-positive rate. A negative Ga-67 scan can rule out intra-abdominal infection, whereas a positive Ga-67 scan indicates the need for further patient evaluation after colorectal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Tsai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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Kao CH, Hung GU, Tsai SC. Papillary thyroid carcinoma with angioinvasion of the great vessels shown on an I-131 whole-body scan. Clin Nucl Med 2001; 26:881-2. [PMID: 11564937 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-200110000-00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C H Kao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Shiau YC, Tsai SC, Wang JJ, Ho YJ, Ho ST, Kao CH. Predicting chemotherapy response and comparing with P-glycoprotein expression using technetium-99m tetrofosmin scan in untreated malignant lymphomas. Cancer Lett 2001; 170:139-46. [PMID: 11463491 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00578-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to predict the chemotherapy response of untreated malignant lymphomas (ML) using a technetium-99m tetrofosmin (Tc-TF) scan and to compare Tc-TF results with P-glycoprotein (Pgp) expression. Before undergoing chemotherapy, 25 patients with ML were enrolled in this study. Tc-TF scan was performed 10 min after intravenous injection of Tc-TF. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed on multiple sections of ML specimens to evaluate Pgp expression. The chemotherapy response was evaluated in the first 1-2 years after the completion of treatment. The mean tumor-to-background ratio of the 15 patients with good responses (3.23+/-0.56) was significantly higher than that of the ten patients with poor responses (1.18+/-0.11). All of the 15 patients with good responses had positive Tc-TF scan results, but negative Pgp expression. Among the ten patients with poor responses, all had negative Tc-TF scan results, but six had positive Pgp expression and four had negative Pgp expression. Significant differences in the incidences of good and poor responses were found between patients with positive Tc-TF scan results and patients with negative Tc-TF scan results and between patients with positive Pgp expression and patients with negative Pgp expression. No significant differences in the incidences of good and poor responses were found between Hodgkin's disease patients and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients, stage I-II patients and III-IV patients, patients aged >40 and patients aged < or =40 years, and patients with and without B symptoms. Compared with other prognostic factors, Tc-TF scan results and Pgp expression more accurately predict the chemotherapy response in patients with ML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Shiau
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sun SS, Tsai SC, Hsu NY, Kao CH. Scintigraphic evaluation of local recurrence of a primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Clin Nucl Med 2001; 26:799-800. [PMID: 11507310 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-200109000-00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S S Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, No. 2 Yah-Der Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Abstract
PURPOSE Early detection of occult abscesses is important in patients with persistent fever after colorectal surgery. In this study, the authors evaluated the relative merits of computed tomographic (CT) and Ga-67 scans in the detection of intra-abdominal abscesses in patients who had just undergone colorectal surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-four patients who underwent colorectal surgery were enrolled in the study. Ga-67 and CT scans were obtained in all patients. Ga-67 scintigraphy was performed 24 hours, and later as needed, after the injection of 111 MBq (3 mCi) Ga-67 citrate. RESULTS Intra-abdominal abscesses were diagnosed in 16 of the 34 (47%) patients who had colorectal surgery. For CT scans, the overall accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity rates were 97.1%, 93.7%, and 100%, respectively. For the Ga-67 scans, the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity rates were 91.2%, 100%, and 95.2%, respectively. In addition, the whole-body Ga-67 scans successfully detected two cases of extra-abdominal infection, one case of pneumonia, and one case of cellulitis. CONCLUSIONS Computed tomographic and Ga-67 scans offer complementary information and play an important role in the investigation of sources of infection in patients after colorectal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Tsai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, No. 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Shiau YC, Tsai SC, Wang JJ, Ho YJ, Ho ST, Kao CH. To predict chemotherapy response using technetium-99m tetrofosmin and compare with p-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance related protein-1 expression in patients with untreated small cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2001; 169:181-8. [PMID: 11431107 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00519-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships among technetium-99m tetrofosmin (Tc-TF) accumulation in untreated small cell lung cancer (SCLC), the expression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and multidrug resistance related protein-1 (MRP1), and the response to chemotherapy in patients with untreated SCLC. Thirty patients with SCLC were studied with chest scintigraphy 15 to 30 min after intravenous injection of Tc-TF before chemotherapeutic induction. Tc-TF chest scans were interpreted both visually and quantitatively. The response to chemotherapy was evaluated upon completion of chemotherapy. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed on multiple non-consecutive sections of biopsy specimens to detect Pgp and MRP1 expression. Fifteen patients with good response to chemotherapy had a significantly higher incidence (100.0%) of positive Tc-TF chest single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) findings and negative Pgp or MPR expression than 15 patients with poor response (20%) (P<0.05). The tumor/background (T/B) ratios were 1.8+/-0.3 and 1.2+/-0.3 for patients with good response and poor response, respectively (P<0.05). However, other prognostic factors (performance status, tumor size and stage) were not significantly related to Tc-TF chest scan findings and response to chemotherapy. Tc-TF chest scintigraphy correlated well with Pgp or MRP1 expression and accurately predicted the response to chemotherapy in patients with SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Shiau
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sun SS, Huang JL, Tsai SC, Ho YJ, Kao CH. The higher likelihood of developing cardiomegaly during follow-up in patients with syndrome X and abnormal thallium-201 myocardial perfusion SPECT. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2001; 17:271-8. [PMID: 11599866 DOI: 10.1023/a:1011661300903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
'Syndrome X' describes patients with exertional chest pain and a normal coronary arteriogram. In some patients, acute myocardial ischemia can be demonstrated by regional myocardial perfusion defects on thallium-201 exercise test. However, some patients with typical angina have normal perfusion on thallium-201 heart scintigraphy. It is not clear whether there are different prognoses for patients with normal and abnormal thallium studies. In this study, the clinical features, long term follow-up and clinical results of syndrome X patients with normal and abnormal thallium studies were evaluated to determine the differences between these two groups. Fifty-nine patients (52 males, seven females, mean age 62+/-6 years) with syndrome X were enrolled and divided into two groups on the basis of results of thallium-201 heart scintigraphy. Group I was comprised of 22 patients with normal thallium-201 perfusion scan and group II was comprised of 37 patients with abnormal thallium-201 heart scan. All subjects received coronary arteriography, exercise test, thallium-201 myocardial SPECT, ejection fraction of left ventricle, echocardiography, blood analysis and long term follow-up with questionnaire for 10 years. Lower maximal rate-pressure product and higher angina scores were found in group II. More patients developed cardiomegaly (nine of 33 patients) in group II than in group I (one of 21 patients). Both groups, however, were at low risk for cardiac events (cardiac death or myocardial infarction).
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lee JK, Hsieh JF, Tsai SC, Ho YJ, Sun SS, Kao CH. Comparison of CYFRA 21-1 and squamous cell carcinoma antigen in detecting nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2001; 110:775-8. [PMID: 11510737 DOI: 10.1177/000348940111000814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
CYFRA 21-1 is a newly developed tumor marker that is especially useful for detecting squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen is a proven tumor marker that is especially useful for detecting SCC of the cervix. Our aim in this study was to compare the clinical value of CYFRA 21-1 and SCC antigen in the detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Serum levels of CYFRA 21-1 and SCC antigen were measured in 80 untreated NPC patients and 77 healthy controls. The cutoff values of CYFRA 21-1 and SCC antigen, determined at the 95th percentile of the 77 healthy controls, were 2.48 ng/mL and 1.49 ng/mL, respectively. The results revealed that the mean serum value of only CYFRA 21-1 was significantly higher in the 80 NPC patients than in the 77 healthy controls, and the detection sensitivity of CYFRA 21-1 for NPC was significantly higher than that of SCC antigen. In conclusion, our results suggest that CYFRA 21-1 is a better tumor marker than SCC antigen for detection of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Hung GU, Tsai SC, Fu YC, Kao CH. Unilateral ventilation--perfusion mismatch on pulmonary scintigraphy caused by anomalous origin of a pulmonary artery from the innominate artery. Clin Nucl Med 2001; 26:719-20. [PMID: 11452188 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-200108000-00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G U Hung
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Kao CH, Tsai SC, Wang JJ, Ho YJ, Ho ST, Changlai SP. Evaluation of chemotherapy response using technetium-99M-sestamibi scintigraphy in untreated adult malignant lymphomas and comparison with other prognosis factors: a preliminary report. Int J Cancer 2001; 95:228-31. [PMID: 11400115 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0215(20010720)95:4<228::aid-ijc1039>3.0.co;2-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to predict chemotherapy response using technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (Tc-MIBI) scintigraphy in untreated adult malignant lymphomas (ML) and compare the response with other prognosis factors. Before chemotherapy, 25 adult patients with ML were enrolled in this study. Tc-MIBI scintigraphy was performed 10 min after intravenous injection of Tc-MIBI to calculate tumor-to-background (T/B) uptake ratio and interpret the results visually. Chemotherapy response was evaluated in the first 1 to 2 years after completion of treatment by clinical and radiological methods. The mean T/B uptake ratio of the 15 patients with good response (3.3 +/- 0.6) was significantly higher than that of the 10 patients with poor response (1.2 +/- 0.1). All of the 15 patients with good response had positive Tc-MIBI scintigraphic results. All of the 10 patients with poor response had negative Tc-MIBI scintigraphic results. However, there were no significant differences in the incidences of good and poor responses for other prognosis factors. In our preliminary study, when compared with other prognosis factors, Tc-MIBI scintigraphy was the best tool to predict chemotherapy response in adult patients with ML.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Kao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Kao CH, Tsai SC, Wang JJ, Ho YJ, Yen RF, Ho ST. Comparing 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography with a combination of technetium 99m tetrofosmin single photon emission computed tomography and computed tomography to detect recurrent or persistent nasopharyngeal carcinomas after radiotherapy. Cancer 2001; 92:434-9. [PMID: 11466699 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(20010715)92:2<434::aid-cncr1339>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnostic accuracy of combined computed tomography (CT) and technetium 99m tetrofosmin (Tc-TF) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of head and neck to differentiate recurrent or residual nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs) from benign lesions after radiotherapy was evaluated and compared with positron emission tomography (PET) with 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG). METHODS Four months after radiotherapy, 36 patients with NPC underwent Tc-TF SPECT and CT of head and neck to differentiate recurrent or residual NPC from benign lesions. Histopathologic examinations were performed on nasopharyngeal biopsies of all 36 patients. RESULTS Based on the biopsy results, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of Tc-TF SPECT were 64%, 96%, and 86%, respectively, for differentiation of recurrent or persistent NPC from benign lesions. For CT and FDG-PET, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 73%, 88%, and 83% and 100%, 96%, 97%, respectively. For the 27 patients with NPC whose Tc-TF SPECT and CT results were congruent, the combination of Tc-TF SPECT and CT had the same sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy (100%, 96%, and 96%) as FDG-PET. For the nine patients with NPC with incongruent Tc-TF SPECT and CT results, FDG-PET correctly differentiated two benign lesions from seven recurrent/residual NPCs. CONCLUSIONS Although, FDG-PET is the best tool for detecting recurrent or residual NPC, combined congruent Tc-TF SPECT and CT results achieved the same accuracy as FDG-PET. Therefore, we concluded that FDG-PET could be considered only when Tc-TF SPECT and CT give incongruent results.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Kao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Sun SS, Tsai SC, Su CC, Kao CH. Diffuse liver and spleen accumulation on Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate bone scan. Semin Nucl Med 2001; 31:253-4. [PMID: 11430532 DOI: 10.1053/snuc.2001.24647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S S Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Sun SS, Tsai SC, Huang HH, Kao CH. Bleeding Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Jejunum Detected by a Tc-99m Red Blood Cell Gastrointestinal Bleeding Scan. Clin Nucl Med 2001; 26:565-7. [PMID: 11353316 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-200106000-00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S S Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Pasumarthi KB, Tsai SC, Field LJ. Coexpression of Mutant p53 and p193 Renders Embryonic Stem Cell–Derived Cardiomyocytes Responsive to the Growth-Promoting Activities of Adenoviral E1A. Circ Res 2001; 88:1004-11. [PMID: 11375269 DOI: 10.1161/hh1001.090878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
—Expression of adenoviral E1A in cardiomyocytes results in the activation of DNA synthesis followed by apoptosis. In contrast, expression of simian virus 40 large T antigen induces sustained cardiomyocyte proliferation. Previous studies have shown that T antigen binds to 2 proapoptotic proteins in cardiomyocytes, namely the p53 tumor suppressor and p193 (a new member of the BH3-only proapoptosis subfamily). Structure-function analyses identified a p193 C-terminal truncation mutant that encodes prosurvival activity. This mutant was used to test the role of p193 in E1A-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. E1A induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes derived from differentiating embryonic stem cells. Expression of the prosurvival p193 mutant alone or a mutant p53 alone did not block E1A-induced apoptosis. In contrast, combinatorial expression of mutant p193 and mutant p53 blocked E1A-induced apoptosis, resulting in a proliferative response indistinguishable from that seen with T antigen. These results confirm the hypothesis that there are 2 proapoptotic pathways, encoded by p53 and p193, respectively, which restrict cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity in differentiating embryonic stem cell cultures. Furthermore, these results explain in molecular terms the phenotypic differences of E1A versus T-antigen gene transfer in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Pasumarthi
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research and Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Shiau YC, Tsai SC, Ho YJ, Kao CH. Comparison of technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile single photon emission computed tomography and computed tomography to detect recurrent or residual nasopharyngeal carcinomas after radiotherapy. Anticancer Res 2001; 21:2213-7. [PMID: 11501849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The diagnostic accuracy of technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (Tc-MIBI) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of head and neck to differentiate between recurrent or residual nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) and benign lesions after radiotherapy was evaluated, and compared with computed tomography (CT). Thirty-six NPC patients 4 months after radiotherapy underwent Tc-MIBI SPECT and CT of head and neck, as well as histopathological examination of nasopharyngeal biopsies. Based on the biopsy results, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CT were 73%, 88%, and 83%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of Tc-MIBI SPECT were 64%, 96%, and 86%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of combined Tc-MIBI SPECT and CT were 100%, 88%, and 92%, respectively. Tc-MIBI SPECT had a better specificity and a lower sensitivity to differentiate benign lesions from recurrent/residual NPC when compared with CT The combined use of CT and Tc-MIBI SPECT significantly increased accuracy compared with the single use of either Tc-MIBI SPECT or CT to differentiate benign lesions recurrent/residual NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Shiau
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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Kao CH, Tsai SC, Wang JJ, Ho YJ, Ho ST, Changlai SP. Technetium-99m-sestamethoxyisobutylisonitrile scan as a predictor of chemotherapy response in malignant lymphomas compared with P-glycoprotein expression, multidrug resistance-related protein expression and other prognosis factors. Br J Haematol 2001; 113:369-74. [PMID: 11380401 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2001.02763.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to predict the response of malignant lymphomas (MLs) to chemotherapy using technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (Tc-MIBI) scan and to compare it with the predictive ability of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression, multidrug resistance-related protein (MRP) expression and other prognosis factors. Twenty-five ML patients were enrolled in this study prior to initiation of chemotherapy. Images were obtained 10 min after intravenous injection of Tc-MIBI, interpreted visually and the tumour-to-background (T/B) ratios calculated. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed on sections of the biopsy specimens to determine P-gp and MRP expression. Chemotherapy response was evaluated in the first 1-2 years after completion of chemotherapy. The mean T/B ratio of the 15 patients with a good response (3.3 +/- 0.6) was significantly higher than that of the 10 patients with a poor response (1.2 +/- 0.1). All 15 patients with a good chemotherapy response had positive Tc-MIBI scan results and negative P-gp and MRP expression. All 10 patients with a poor response had negative Tc-MIBI scan results and either positive P-gp or MRP expression. Other prognosis factors showed no significant difference in the incidence of good and poor responses. Tc-MIBI scan results represent P-gp or MRP expression more accurately than other prognosis factors and predict the chemotherapy response in ML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Kao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Kao CH, Tsai SC, Wang JJ, Ho YJ, Ho ST. Evaluation of hepatobiliary function by hepatobiliary scintigraphy in hepatoma patients after transcatheter arterial embolization. Scand J Gastroenterol 2001; 36:553-7. [PMID: 11346212 DOI: 10.1080/003655201750153494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is the treatment of choice for inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma. However, altered and impaired gallbladder function due to gallbladder infarction and bile duct necrosis following TAE have been reported. METHODS Hepatobiliary function was evaluated using quantitative Tc-99m DISIDA hepatobiliary scintigraphy in 40 hepatoma patients before and after TAE. The patients were separated into two groups: group 1 (20 patients), who received pre-cystic artery TAE, and group 2 (also 20 patients), who received post-cystic artery TAE. RESULTS After TAE, there were no significant changes in liver or bile duct function in the patients of either group. However, for group I patients, significantly decreased gallbladder function was found after TAE. CONCLUSIONS Altered and impaired gallbladder function is common in hepatoma patients who receive pre-cystic artery TAE, and Tc-99m DISIDA cholescintigraphy may be useful for evaluating hepatobiliary function in hepatoma patients who receive TAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Kao
- Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.
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Tsai SC, Chan KS, Kao CH. A case of malignant lymphoma with testis involvement detected by Ga-67 scan. Clin Nucl Med 2001; 26:466. [PMID: 11317037 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-200105000-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S C Tsai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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Lai A, Kennedy BK, Barbie DA, Bertos NR, Yang XJ, Theberge MC, Tsai SC, Seto E, Zhang Y, Kuzmichev A, Lane WS, Reinberg D, Harlow E, Branton PE. RBP1 recruits the mSIN3-histone deacetylase complex to the pocket of retinoblastoma tumor suppressor family proteins found in limited discrete regions of the nucleus at growth arrest. Mol Cell Biol 2001; 21:2918-32. [PMID: 11283269 PMCID: PMC86920 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.21.8.2918-2932.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) tumor suppressor family pocket proteins induce cell cycle arrest by repressing transcription of E2F-regulated genes through both histone deacetylase (HDAC)-dependent and -independent mechanisms. In this study we have identified a stable complex that accounts for the recruitment of both repression activities to the pocket. One component of this complex is RBP1, a known pocket-binding protein that exhibits both HDAC-dependent and -independent repression functions. RB family proteins were shown to associate via the pocket with previously identified mSIN3-SAP30-HDAC complexes containing exclusively class I HDACs. Such enzymes do not interact directly with RB family proteins but rather utilize RBP1 to target the pocket. This mechanism was shown to account for the majority of RB-associated HDAC activity. We also show that in quiescent normal human cells this entire RBP1-mSIN3-SAP30-HDAC complex colocalizes with both RB family members and E2F4 in a limited number of discrete regions of the nucleus that in other studies have been shown to represent the initial origins of DNA replication following growth stimulation. These results suggest that RB family members, at least in part, drive exit from the cell cycle by recruitment of this HDAC complex via RBP1 to repress transcription from E2F-dependent promoters and possibly to alter chromatin structure at DNA origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lai
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 1Y6
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that syndrome X is a systemic vascular disorder, the authors studied 40 patients with this diagnosis using technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) brain images. Twenty-three of 25 cases with definite myocardial perfusion defects diagnosed by thallium-201 myocardial perfusion SPECT also had multiple hypoperfusion areas in the brain versus 2 of 15 patients without thallium myocardial defects. The parietal lobes were the most common hypoperfusion areas, and cerebellum was the least common. Syndrome X is a systemic vascular disorder with a high incidence of hypoperfusion lesions of the brain and is usually coincident with myocardial defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Sun SS, Tsai SC, Shiau YC, Lee JK, Kao CH. Unilateral gallium-67 citrate uptake in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the parotid gland. Semin Nucl Med 2001; 31:168-9. [PMID: 11330788 DOI: 10.1053/snuc.2001.21491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S S Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wang RY, Tsai SC, Chen JJ, Wang PS. The simulation effects of mountain climbing training on selected endocrine responses. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2001; 44:13-8. [PMID: 11403515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The simulation effects of mountain climbing exercise training on plasma testosterone, cortisol and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were examined in ten recreational mountain male climbers. Subjects underwent a simulating mountain climbing exercise training 3 times a week for a total of eight weeks before an expedition to Mount Muztag Ata (7546 m, Xingian, China). During training, each subject carried a 40 kg back pack while walking on a treadmill at a speed of 1.9 mph for 60 min at sea level. Subjects completed an incremental treadmill test to exhaustion prior to training, after training, and one week after returning from Mount Muztag Ata. Blood samples were collected from antecubital vein at rest and at 5, 60, and 120 min post testing to determine the plasma testosterone, cortisol and LH levels. The basal plasma testosterone and cortisol concentrations were lower in both post-training and after-climbing conditions compared with that in the pre-training condition (p<0.01). The basal plasma LH concentration was remained unchanged after training and after the mountain climbing compared with levels measured in the pre-training phase. No correlation could be established between plasma LH and testosterone level. These results suggest that an eight-week period of mountain climbing training protocol may be beneficial in maintaining normal endocrine function during and after high altitude mountain expedition. Our results also indicate the decrease of plasma testosterone was LH independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Y Wang
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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