1
|
Matsuo T, Yamamoto S, Matsuo K. Phospholipid-induced secondary structural changes of lysozyme polymorphic amyloid fibrils studied using vacuum-ultraviolet circular dichroism. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:18943-18952. [PMID: 38952218 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00965g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The hallmark of amyloidosis, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, is the deposition of amyloid fibrils in various internal organs. The onset of the disease is related to the strength of cytotoxicity caused by toxic amyloid species. Furthermore, amyloid fibrils show polymorphism, where some types of fibrils are cytotoxic while others are not. It is thus essential to understand the molecular mechanism of cytotoxicity, part of which is caused by the interaction between amyloid polymorphic fibrils and cell membranes. Here, using amyloid polymorphs of hen egg white lysozyme, which is associated with hereditary systemic amyloidosis, showing different levels of cytotoxicity and liposomes of DMPC and DMPG, changes in the secondary structure of the polymorphs and the structural state of phospholipid membranes caused by the interaction were investigated using vacuum-ultraviolet circular dichroism (VUVCD) and Laurdan fluorescence measurements, respectively. Analysis has shown that the more cytotoxic polymorph increases the antiparallel β-sheet content and causes more disorder in the membrane structure while the other less cytotoxic polymorph shows the opposite structural changes and causes less structural disorder in the membrane. These results suggest a close correlation between the structural properties of amyloid fibrils and the degree of structural disorder of phospholipid membranes, both of which are involved in the fundamental process leading to amyloid cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhito Matsuo
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Seigi Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Oncology, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuo
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Behbahanipour M, Navarro S, Bárcenas O, Garcia-Pardo J, Ventura S. Bioengineered self-assembled nanofibrils for high-affinity SARS-CoV-2 capture and neutralization. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 674:753-765. [PMID: 38955007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spurred intense research efforts to develop new materials with antiviral activity. In this study, we genetically engineered amyloid-based nanofibrils for capturing and neutralizing SARS-CoV-2. Building upon the amyloid properties of a short Sup35 yeast prion sequence, we fused it to SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) capturing proteins, LCB1 and LCB3. By tuning the reaction conditions, we achieved the spontaneous self-assembly of the Sup35-LCB1 fusion protein into a highly homogeneous and well-dispersed amyloid-like fibrillar material. These nanofibrils exhibited high affinity for the SARS-CoV-2 RBD, effectively inhibiting its interaction with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, the primary entry point for the virus into host cells. We further demonstrate that this functional nanomaterial entraps and neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles (VLPs), with a potency comparable to that of therapeutic antibodies. As a proof of concept, we successfully fabricated patterned surfaces that selectively capture SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein on wet environments. Collectively, these findings suggest that these protein-only nanofibrils hold promise as disinfecting coatings endowed with selective SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing properties to combat viral spread or in the development of sensitive viral sampling and diagnostic tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Molood Behbahanipour
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB) and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
| | - Susanna Navarro
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB) and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
| | - Oriol Bárcenas
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB) and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
| | - Javier Garcia-Pardo
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB) and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
| | - Salvador Ventura
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB) and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Matveyenka M, Rizevsky S, Kurouski D. Amyloid aggregates exert cell toxicity causing irreversible damages in the endoplasmic reticulum. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166485. [PMID: 35840040 PMCID: PMC10424722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid oligomers and fibrils are protein aggregates that cause an onset and progression of many neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes type 2 and systemic amyloidosis. Although a growing body of evidence shows that oligomers and fibrils trigger mitochondrial dysfunction simultaneously enhancing production of reactive oxygen species, exact mechanisms by which these protein aggregates exert their toxicities remain unclear. In this study, we used advanced microscopic and spectroscopic methods to examine topography and structure of insulin aggregates grown in the lipid-free environment, as well as in the presence of major classes of phospho- and sphingolipids. We also employed a set of molecular markers to determine the extent to which insulin aggregates induce a damage of cell endoplasmic reticulum (ER), an important cell organelle used for calcium storage, protein synthesis and folding. Our results show that insulin aggregates activate the expression of Activating Transcription Factor 6 (ATF6), a transmembrane protein that is involved in unfolded protein response (UPR) of the stressed ER. At the same time, two other ER transmembrane proteins, Inositol Requiring 1 (IRE1α) and eLF2a, the product of PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), exhibited very low expression levels. Furthermore, amyloid aggregates trigger an expression of the 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein GRP78, which is also involved in the UPR. We also observed UPR-induced expression of a proapoptotic transcription factor CHOP, which, in turn, regulates expression of caspase 3 kinase and BCL2 protein family members, including the ER localized Bax. These findings show that insulin oligomers and fibrils induce UPR-associated ER stress and ultimately fatal changes in cell homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Matveyenka
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Stanislav Rizevsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States; Department of Biotechnology, Binh Duong University, Thu Dau Mot 820000, Viet Nam
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhaliazka K, Kurouski D. Nanoscale Characterization of Parallel and Antiparallel β-Sheet Amyloid Beta 1-42 Aggregates. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2813-2820. [PMID: 36122250 PMCID: PMC10405294 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Abrupt aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide is strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we used atomic force microscopy-infrared (AFM-IR) spectroscopy to characterize the secondary structure of Aβ oligomers, protofibrils and fibrils formed at the early (4 h), middle (24 h), and late (72 h) stages of protein aggregation. This innovative spectroscopic approach allows for label-free nanoscale structural characterization of individual protein aggregates. Using AFM-IR, we found that at the early stage of protein aggregation, oligomers with parallel β-sheet dominated. However, these species exhibited slower rates of fibril formation compared to the oligomers with antiparallel β-sheet, which first appeared in the middle stage. These antiparallel β-sheet oligomers rapidly propagated into fibrils that were simultaneously observed together with parallel β-sheet fibrils at the late stage of protein aggregation. Our findings showed that aggregation of Aβ is a complex process that yields several distinctly different aggregates with dissimilar toxicities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiryl Zhaliazka
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mercer RCC, Harris DA. Mechanisms of prion-induced toxicity. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 392:81-96. [PMID: 36070155 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03683-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Prion diseases are devastating neurodegenerative diseases caused by the structural conversion of the normally benign prion protein (PrPC) to an infectious, disease-associated, conformer, PrPSc. After decades of intense research, much is known about the self-templated prion conversion process, a phenomenon which is now understood to be operative in other more common neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In this review, we provide the current state of knowledge concerning a relatively poorly understood aspect of prion diseases: mechanisms of neurotoxicity. We provide an overview of proposed functions of PrPC and its interactions with other extracellular proteins in the central nervous system, in vivo and in vitro models used to delineate signaling events downstream of prion propagation, the application of omics technologies, and the emerging appreciation of the role played by non-neuronal cell types in pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert C C Mercer
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David A Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Charnley M, Islam S, Bindra GK, Engwirda J, Ratcliffe J, Zhou J, Mezzenga R, Hulett MD, Han K, Berryman JT, Reynolds NP. Neurotoxic amyloidogenic peptides in the proteome of SARS-COV2: potential implications for neurological symptoms in COVID-19. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3387. [PMID: 35697699 PMCID: PMC9189797 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30932-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is primarily known as a respiratory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. However, neurological symptoms such as memory loss, sensory confusion, severe headaches, and even stroke are reported in up to 30% of cases and can persist even after the infection is over (long COVID). These neurological symptoms are thought to be produced by the virus infecting the central nervous system, however we don't understand the molecular mechanisms triggering them. The neurological effects of COVID-19 share similarities to neurodegenerative diseases in which the presence of cytotoxic aggregated amyloid protein or peptides is a common feature. Following the hypothesis that some neurological symptoms of COVID-19 may also follow an amyloid etiology we identified two peptides from the SARS-CoV-2 proteome that self-assemble into amyloid assemblies. Furthermore, these amyloids were shown to be highly toxic to neuronal cells. We suggest that cytotoxic aggregates of SARS-CoV-2 proteins may trigger neurological symptoms in COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirren Charnley
- Centre for Optical Sciences and Department of Health Sciences and Biostatistics, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
- Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Saba Islam
- Department of Biochemistry & Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Guneet K Bindra
- Department of Biochemistry & Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Jeremy Engwirda
- Department of Biochemistry & Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Julian Ratcliffe
- La Trobe University Bioimaging Platform, Bundoora, 3086, VIC, Australia
| | - Jiangtao Zhou
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO, E23, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO, E23, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark D Hulett
- Department of Biochemistry & Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Kyunghoon Han
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 162a Avenue de la Faïencerie, Esch-sur-Alzette, L-1511, Luxembourg
| | - Joshua T Berryman
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 162a Avenue de la Faïencerie, Esch-sur-Alzette, L-1511, Luxembourg.
| | - Nicholas P Reynolds
- Department of Biochemistry & Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ryabova N, Fakhranurova L, Balobanov V, Marchenkov V, Glukhov A, Ilyina N, Kochetov A, Suvorina M, Surin A, Katina N. Carbonic anhydrase amyloid fibrils composed of laterally associated protofilaments show reduced cytotoxicity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 593:46-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
8
|
Rauf MA, Alam MT, Ishtikhar M, Ali N, Alghamdi A, AlAsmari AF. Investigating Chaperone like Activity of Green Silver Nanoparticles: Possible Implications in Drug Development. Molecules 2022; 27:944. [PMID: 35164209 PMCID: PMC8838336 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregation and amyloidogenesis have been associated with several neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's etc. Unfortunately, there are still no proper drugs and no effective treatment available. Due to the unique properties of noble metallic nanoparticles, they have been used in diverse fields of biomedicine like drug designing, drug delivery, tumour targeting, bio-sensing, tissue engineering etc. Small-sized silver nanoparticles have been reported to have anti-biotic, anti-cancer and anti-viral activities apart from their cytotoxic effects. The current study was carried out in a carefully designed in-vitro to observe the anti-amyloidogenic and inhibitory effects of biologically synthesized green silver nanoparticles (B-AgNPs) on human serum albumin (HSA) aggregation taken as a model protein. We have used different biophysical assays like thioflavin T (ThT), 8-Anilino-1-naphthalene-sulphonic acid (ANS), Far-UV CD etc. to analyze protein aggregation and aggregation inhibition in vitro. It has been observed that the synthesized fluorescent B-AgNPs showed inhibitory effects on protein aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner reaching a plateau, after which the effect of aggregation inhibition was significantly declined. We also observed meaningful chaperone-like aggregation-inhibition activities of as-synthesized florescent B-AgNPs in astrocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Ahmar Rauf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
| | - Md Tauqir Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Ishtikhar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Adel Alghamdi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdullah F. AlAsmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.); (A.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Leri M, Chaudhary H, Iashchishyn IA, Pansieri J, Svedružić ŽM, Gómez Alcalde S, Musteikyte G, Smirnovas V, Stefani M, Bucciantini M, Morozova-Roche LA. Natural Compound from Olive Oil Inhibits S100A9 Amyloid Formation and Cytotoxicity: Implications for Preventing Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:1905-1918. [PMID: 33979140 PMCID: PMC8291483 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
Polyphenolic compounds
in the Mediterranean diet have received
increasing attention due to their protective properties in amyloid
neurodegenerative and many other diseases. Here, we have demonstrated
for the first time that polyphenol oleuropein aglycone (OleA), which
is the most abundant compound in olive oil, has multiple potencies
for the inhibition of amyloid self-assembly of pro-inflammatory protein
S100A9 and the mitigation of the damaging effect of its amyloids on
neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. OleA directly interacts with both native
and fibrillar S100A9 as shown by intrinsic fluorescence and molecular
dynamic simulation. OleA prevents S100A9 amyloid oligomerization as
shown using amyloid oligomer-specific antibodies and cross-β-sheet
formation detected by circular dichroism. It decreases the length
of amyloid fibrils measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) as well
as reduces the effective rate of amyloid growth and the overall amyloid
load as derived from the kinetic analysis of amyloid formation. OleA
disintegrates already preformed fibrils of S100A9, converting them
into nonfibrillar and nontoxic aggregates as revealed by amyloid thioflavin-T
dye binding, AFM, and cytotoxicity assays. At the cellular level,
OleA targets S100A9 amyloids already at the membranes as shown by
immunofluorescence and fluorescence resonance energy transfer, significantly
reducing the amyloid accumulation in GM1 ganglioside containing membrane
rafts. OleA increases overall cell viability when neuroblastoma cells
are subjected to the amyloid load and alleviates amyloid-induced intracellular
rise of reactive oxidative species and free Ca2+. Since
S100A9 is both a pro-inflammatory and amyloidogenic protein, OleA
may effectively mitigate the pathological consequences of the S100A9-dependent
amyloid-neuroinflammatory cascade as well as provide protection from
neurodegeneration, if used within the Mediterranean diet as a potential
preventive measure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Leri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Himanshu Chaudhary
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Igor A. Iashchishyn
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Pansieri
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Silvia Gómez Alcalde
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Greta Musteikyte
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Smirnovas
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Massimo Stefani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Monica Bucciantini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dash R, Jahan I, Ali MC, Mitra S, Munni YA, Timalsina B, Hannan MA, Moon IS. Potential roles of natural products in the targeting of proteinopathic neurodegenerative diseases. Neurochem Int 2021; 145:105011. [PMID: 33711400 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Defective proteostasis is associated with the gradual accumulations of misfolded proteins and is a hallmark of many age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. In the aged brain, maintenance of the proteostasis network presents a substantial challenge, and its loss contributes to the onset and progression of neurological diseases associated with cognitive decline due to the generation of toxic protein aggregates, a process termed 'proteinopathy'. Emerging evidence suggests that reversing proteinopathies by boosting proteostasis might provide an effective means of preventing neurodegeneration. From this perspective, phytochemicals may play significant roles as potent modulators of the proteostasis network, as previous reports have suggested they can interact with various network components to modify pathologies and confer neuroprotection. This review focuses on some potent phytochemicals that directly or indirectly modulate the proteostasis network and on their possible molecular targets. In addition, we propose strategies for the natural product-based modulation of proteostasis machinery that target proteinopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Israt Jahan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, Jagannath University, Dhaka, 1100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Chayan Ali
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Sarmistha Mitra
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeasmin Akter Munni
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Binod Timalsina
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Abdul Hannan
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kushwaha R, Sinha A, Makarava N, Molesworth K, Baskakov IV. Non-cell autonomous astrocyte-mediated neuronal toxicity in prion diseases. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:22. [PMID: 33546775 PMCID: PMC7866439 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01123-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Under normal conditions, astrocytes perform a number of important physiological functions centered around neuronal support and synapse maintenance. In neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and prion diseases, astrocytes acquire reactive phenotypes, which are sustained throughout the disease progression. It is not known whether in the reactive states associated with prion diseases, astrocytes lose their ability to perform physiological functions and whether the reactive states are neurotoxic or, on the contrary, neuroprotective. The current work addresses these questions by testing the effects of reactive astrocytes isolated from prion-infected C57BL/6J mice on primary neuronal cultures. We found that astrocytes isolated at the clinical stage of the disease exhibited reactive, pro-inflammatory phenotype, which also showed downregulation of genes involved in neurogenic and synaptogenic functions. In astrocyte-neuron co-cultures, astrocytes from prion-infected animals impaired neuronal growth, dendritic spine development and synapse maturation. Toward examining the role of factors secreted by reactive astrocytes, astrocyte-conditioned media was found to have detrimental effects on neuronal viability and synaptogenic functions via impairing synapse integrity, and by reducing spine size and density. Reactive microglia isolated from prion-infected animals were found to induce phenotypic changes in primary astrocytes reminiscent to those observed in prion-infected mice. In particular, astrocytes cultured with reactive microglia-conditioned media displayed hypertrophic morphology and a downregulation of genes involved in neurogenic and synaptogenic functions. In summary, the current study provided experimental support toward the non-cell autonomous mechanisms behind neurotoxicity in prion diseases and demonstrated that the astrocyte reactive phenotype associated with prion diseases is synaptotoxic.
Collapse
|
12
|
Quercetin Disaggregates Prion Fibrils and Decreases Fibril-Induced Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111081. [PMID: 33187342 PMCID: PMC7696844 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are fatal neurodegenerative diseases caused by misfolding and aggregation of prion protein (PrP). Previous studies have demonstrated that quercetin can disaggregate some amyloid fibrils, such as amyloid β peptide (Aβ) and α-synuclein. However, the disaggregating ability is unclear in PrP fibrils. In this study, we examined the amyloid fibril-disaggregating activity of quercetin on mouse prion protein (moPrP) and characterized quercetin-bound moPrP fibrils by imaging, proteinase resistance, hemolysis assay, cell viability, and cellular oxidative stress measurements. The results showed that quercetin treatment can disaggregate moPrP fibrils and lead to the formation of the proteinase-sensitive amorphous aggregates. Furthermore, quercetin-bound fibrils can reduce the membrane disruption of erythrocytes. Consequently, quercetin-bound fibrils cause less oxidative stress, and are less cytotoxic to neuroblastoma cells. The role of quercetin is distinct from the typical function of antiamyloidogenic drugs that inhibit the formation of amyloid fibrils. This study provides a solution for the development of antiamyloidogenic therapy.
Collapse
|
13
|
Leri M, Vasarri M, Palazzi L, Barletta E, Nielsen E, Bucciantini M, Degl'Innocenti D. Maysin plays a protective role against α-Synuclein oligomers cytotoxicity by triggering autophagy activation. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 144:111626. [PMID: 32738375 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a widespread neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of neurons. The accumulation of aggregated forms of the α-Synuclein (Syn) protein is the main cause of neurotoxicity in PD by disrupting cellular homeostasis until neuronal death. Scientific research is constantly looking for natural products as preventive agents against the progression of several neurodisorders due their safety and non-toxic nature. Neuroprotective phytochemicals include Maysin (Mys), the most abundant C-glycosilflavone in corn silk. In this work, the Mys protective role against damage by Syn amyloid aggregates - oligomers and fibrils - was investigated in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells obtaining novel and interesting information concerning the Mys molecular mechanism of action. Mys showed effectiveness in preventing the typical toxic events induced by Syn amyloid aggregates, i.e. oxidative stress and imbalance of intracellular calcium homeostasis. Mys exhibited a cytoprotective role, especially against Syn oligomers injury, activating an autophagic degradative process, thus playing a key role on several features of amyloid neurotoxicity. Therefore, Mys could be proposed for the first time to the scientific community as an interesting novel natural compound that might allow to develop alternative strategies to prevent the damage of Syn oligomers involved in Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Leri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.
| | - Marzia Vasarri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy.
| | - Luana Palazzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CRIBI Biotechnology Centre, University of Padua, via F. Marzolo 5, 35131, Padua, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Barletta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy.
| | - Erik Nielsen
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Monica Bucciantini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy.
| | - Donatella Degl'Innocenti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
PrPSc Oligomerization Appears Dynamic, Quickly Engendering Inherent M1000 Acute Synaptotoxicity. Biophys J 2020; 119:128-141. [PMID: 32562618 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are neurodegenerative disorders pathogenically linked to cellular prion protein (PrPC) misfolding into abnormal conformers (PrPSc), with PrPSc underpinning both transmission and synaptotoxicity. Although the biophysical features of PrPSc required to induce acute synaptic dysfunction remain incompletely defined, we recently reported that acutely synaptotoxic PrPSc appeared to be oligomeric. We herein provide further insights into the kinetic and requisite biophysical characteristics of acutely synaptotoxic ex vivo PrPSc derived from the brains of mice dying from M1000 prion disease. Pooled fractions of M1000 PrPSc located within the molecular weight range approximating monomeric PrP (mM1000) generated through size exclusion chromatography were found to harbor acute synaptotoxicity equivalent to preformed oligomeric fractions (oM1000). Subsequent investigation showed mM1000 corresponded to PrPSc rapidly concatenating in physiological buffer to exist as predominantly, closely associated, small oligomers. The oligomerization of PrP in mM1000 could be substantially mitigated by treatment with the antiaggregation compound epigallocatechin gallate, thereby maintaining the PrPSc as primarily nonoligomeric with completely abrogated acute synaptotoxicity; moreover, despite epigallocatechin gallate treatment, pooled oM1000 remained oligomeric and acutely synaptotoxic. A similar tendency to rapid formation of oligomers was observed for PrPC when monomeric fractions derived from size exclusion chromatography of normal brain homogenates (mNBH) were pooled, but neither mNBH nor preformed higher-order NBH complexes (oNBH) were acutely synaptotoxic. Oligomers formed from mNBH could be reduced to mainly monomers (<100 kDa) after enzymatic digestion of nucleic acids, whereas higher-order PrP assemblies derived from pooled mM1000, oM1000, and oNBH resisted such treatment. Collectively, these findings support that oligomerization of PrPSc into small multimeric assemblies appears to be a critical biophysical feature for engendering inherent acute synaptotoxicity, with preformed oligomers found in oM1000 appearing to be stable, tightly self-associated ensembles that coexist in dynamic equilibrium with mM1000, with the latter appearing capable of rapid aggregation, albeit initially forming smaller, weakly self-associated, acutely synaptotoxic oligomers.
Collapse
|
15
|
Laos V, Do TD, Bishop D, Jin Y, Marsh NM, Quon B, Fetters M, Cantrell KL, Buratto SK, Bowers MT. Characterizing TDP-43 307-319 Oligomeric Assembly: Mechanistic and Structural Implications Involved in the Etiology of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:4112-4123. [PMID: 31430111 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregation of TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) is a salient feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder affecting over 200 000 people worldwide. The protein undergoes both functional and pathogenic aggregation; the latter is irreversible and hypothesized to produce soluble oligomers that are toxic to neurons in addition to inclusions made of stable fibrous deposits. Despite progress made toward identifying disease-related proteins, the underlying pathogenic mechanism associated with these toxic oligomers remains elusive. Utilizing a multimodal approach that combines several measurement techniques (circular dichroism (CD), thioflavin T spectroscopy (ThT), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)) and high spatial resolution imaging tools (electron microscopy (EM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM)), with soft ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) and atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we explore the oligomerization mechanisms, structures, and assembly pathways of TDP-43307-319. This fragment is both amyloidogenic and toxic and is within the glycine-rich C-terminal domain essential for both toxicity and aggregation of the full-length protein. In addition to the wild-type peptide, two ALS-related mutants (A315T and A315E) and a non-axon-toxic mutant (G314V) were investigated to determine how mutations affect the oligomerization of TDP-43307-319 and structures of toxic oligomers. The results of our study provide new insights into how ALS-related mutants, A315T and A315E, accelerate or alter the pathogenic mechanism and highlight the role of an internal glycine, G314, in maintaining efficient packing known to be critical for functional oligomer assembly. More importantly, our data demonstrate that G314 plays a vital role in TDP-43 assembly and prevents cytotoxicity via its unique aversion to oligomers larger than trimer. Our observation is consistent with previous studies showing that G314V mutation of the full-length TDP-43 induced remediation of both axonotoxicity and neuronal apoptosis. Our findings reveal a distinct aggregation mechanism for each peptide and elucidate oligomeric species and possible structures that may be involved in the pathology of ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Laos
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Thanh D. Do
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Dezmond Bishop
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Yingying Jin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Nicole M. Marsh
- Department of Chemistry, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, California 93108-1099, United States
| | - Brady Quon
- Department of Chemistry, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, California 93108-1099, United States
| | - Megan Fetters
- Department of Chemistry, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, California 93108-1099, United States
| | - Kristi Lazar Cantrell
- Department of Chemistry, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, California 93108-1099, United States
| | - Steven K. Buratto
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Michael T. Bowers
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Iadanza MG, Jackson MP, Hewitt EW, Ranson NA, Radford SE. A new era for understanding amyloid structures and disease. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2019; 19:755-773. [PMID: 30237470 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-018-0060-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 569] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aggregation of proteins into amyloid fibrils and their deposition into plaques and intracellular inclusions is the hallmark of amyloid disease. The accumulation and deposition of amyloid fibrils, collectively known as amyloidosis, is associated with many pathological conditions that can be associated with ageing, such as Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, type II diabetes and dialysis-related amyloidosis. However, elucidation of the atomic structure of amyloid fibrils formed from their intact protein precursors and how fibril formation relates to disease has remained elusive. Recent advances in structural biology techniques, including cryo-electron microscopy and solid-state NMR spectroscopy, have finally broken this impasse. The first near-atomic-resolution structures of amyloid fibrils formed in vitro, seeded from plaque material and analysed directly ex vivo are now available. The results reveal cross-β structures that are far more intricate than anticipated. Here, we describe these structures, highlighting their similarities and differences, and the basis for their toxicity. We discuss how amyloid structure may affect the ability of fibrils to spread to different sites in the cell and between organisms in a prion-like manner, along with their roles in disease. These molecular insights will aid in understanding the development and spread of amyloid diseases and are inspiring new strategies for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Iadanza
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Matthew P Jackson
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Eric W Hewitt
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Neil A Ranson
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sheena E Radford
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Siddiqi MK, Malik S, Majid N, Alam P, Khan RH. Cytotoxic species in amyloid-associated diseases: Oligomers or mature fibrils. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2019; 118:333-369. [PMID: 31928731 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid diseases especially, Alzheimer's disease (AD), is characterized by an imbalance between the production and clearance of amyloid-β (Aβ) species. Amyloidogenic proteins or peptides can transform structurally from monomers into β-stranded fibrils via multiple oligomeric states. Among various amyloid species, structured oligomers are proposed to be more toxic than fibrils; however, the identification of amyloid oligomers has been challenging due to their heterogeneous and metastable nature. Multiple techniques have recently helped in better understanding of oligomer's assembly details and structural properties. Moreover, some progress on elucidating the mechanisms of oligomer-triggered toxicity has been made. Based on the collection of current findings, there is growing consensus that control of toxic amyloid oligomers could be a valid approach to regulate amyloid-associated toxicity, which could advance development of new diagnostics and therapeutics for amyloid-related diseases. In this review, we have described the recent scenario of amyloid diseases with a great deal of information about the recent understanding of oligomers' assembly, structural properties, and toxicity. Also comprehensive details have been provided to differentiate the degree of toxicity associated with prefibrillar aggregates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sadia Malik
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Nabeela Majid
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Parvez Alam
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Perez C, Miti T, Hasecke F, Meisl G, Hoyer W, Muschol M, Ullah G. Mechanism of Fibril and Soluble Oligomer Formation in Amyloid Beta and Hen Egg White Lysozyme Proteins. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:5678-5689. [PMID: 31246474 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b02338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Assembly and deposition of insoluble amyloid fibrils with a distinctive cross-β-sheet structure is the molecular hallmark of amyloidogenic diseases affecting the central nervous system as well as non-neuropathic amyloidosis. Amyloidogenic proteins form aggregates via kinetic pathways dictated by initial solution conditions. Often, early stage, cytotoxic, small globular amyloid oligomers (gOs) and curvilinear fibrils (CFs) precede the formation of late-stage rigid fibrils (RFs). Growing experimental evidence suggests that soluble gOs are off-pathway aggregates that do not directly convert into the final stage RFs. Yet, the kinetics of RFs aggregation under conditions that either promote or suppress the growth of gOs remain incompletely understood. Here we present a self-assembly model for amyloid fibril formation in the presence and absence of early stage off-pathway aggregates, driven by our experimental results on hen egg white lysozyme (HewL) and beta amyloid (Aβ) aggregation. The model reproduces a range of experimental observations including the sharp boundary in the protein concentration above which the self-assembly of gOs occurs. This is possible when both primary and secondary RFs nucleation rates are allowed to have a nonlinear dependence on initial protein concentration, hinting toward more complex prenucleation and RFs assembly scenarios. Moreover, analysis of RFs lag period in the presence and absence of gOs indicates that these off-pathway aggregates have an inhibitory effect on RFs nucleation. Finally, we incorporate the effect of an Aβ binding protein on the aggregation process in the model that allows us to identify the most suitable solution conditions for suppressing gOs and RFs formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Perez
- Department of Physics , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Tatiana Miti
- Department of Physics , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Filip Hasecke
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie , Heinrich-Heine-Universität , 40204 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Georg Meisl
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , U.K
| | - Wolfgang Hoyer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , U.K.,Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-6), Structural Biochemistry , Research Centre Jülich , 52425 Jülich , Germany
| | - Martin Muschol
- Department of Physics , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Ghanim Ullah
- Department of Physics , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sang JC, Lee JE, Dear AJ, De S, Meisl G, Thackray AM, Bujdoso R, Knowles TPJ, Klenerman D. Direct observation of prion protein oligomer formation reveals an aggregation mechanism with multiple conformationally distinct species. Chem Sci 2019; 10:4588-4597. [PMID: 31123569 PMCID: PMC6492631 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05627g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aggregation of the prion protein (PrP) plays a key role in the development of prion diseases. In the past decade, a similar process has been associated with other proteins, such as Aβ, tau, and α-synuclein, which participate in other neurodegenerative diseases. It is increasingly recognized that the small oligomeric species of aggregates can play an important role in the development of prion diseases. However, determining the nature of the oligomers formed during the aggregation process has been experimentally difficult due to the lack of suitable methods capable of the detection and characterization of the low level of oligomers that may form. To address this problem, we have utilized single-aggregate methods to study the early events associated with aggregation of recombinant murine PrP in vitro to approach the bona fide process in vivo. PrP aggregation resulted in the formation of thioflavin T (ThT)-inactive and ThT-active species of oligomers. The ThT-active oligomers undergo conversion from a Proteinase K (PK)-sensitive to PK-resistant conformer, from which mature fibrils can eventually emerge. Overall, our results show that single-aggregate methods can provide structural and mechanistic insights into PrP aggregation, identify the potential species that mediates cytotoxicity, and reveal that a range of distinct oligomeric species with different properties is formed during prion protein aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Sang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Ji-Eun Lee
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Alexander J Dear
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Suman De
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Georg Meisl
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Alana M Thackray
- Department of Veterinary Medicine , University of Cambridge , Madingley Road , Cambridge , CB3 0ES , UK
| | - Raymond Bujdoso
- Department of Veterinary Medicine , University of Cambridge , Madingley Road , Cambridge , CB3 0ES , UK
| | - Tuomas P J Knowles
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - David Klenerman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Leri M, Natalello A, Bruzzone E, Stefani M, Bucciantini M. Oleuropein aglycone and hydroxytyrosol interfere differently with toxic Aβ 1-42 aggregation. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 129:1-12. [PMID: 30995514 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oleuropein aglycone (OleA), the most abundant polyphenol in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), and Hydroxythyrosol (HT), the OleA main metabolite, have attracted our interest due to their multitarget effects, including the interference with amyloid aggregation path. However, the mechanistic details of their anti-amyloid effect are not known yet. We report here a broad biophysical approach and cell biology techniques that enabled us to characterize the different molecular mechanisms by which OleA and HT modulate the Aβ1-42 fibrillation, a main histopathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In particular, OleA prevents the growth of toxic Aβ1-42 oligomers and blocks their successive growth into mature fibrils following its interaction with the peptide N-terminus, while HT speeds up harmless fibril formation. Our data demonstrate that, by stabilizing oligomers and fibrils, both polyphenols reduce their seeding activity and aggregate/membrane interaction on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. These findings highlight the great potential of EVOO polyphenols and offer the possibility to validate and to optimize their use for possible AD prevention and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Leri
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50 - 50134, Florence, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Area of Medicine and Health of the Child of the University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6 - 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Antonino Natalello
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milano, Italy.
| | - Elena Bruzzone
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50 - 50134, Florence, Italy.
| | - Massimo Stefani
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50 - 50134, Florence, Italy; Interuniversity Center for the Study of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIMN), Florence, Italy.
| | - Monica Bucciantini
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50 - 50134, Florence, Italy; Interuniversity Center for the Study of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIMN), Florence, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
|
22
|
Bystrenova E, Bednarikova Z, Barbalinardo M, Albonetti C, Valle F, Gazova Z. Amyloid fragments and their toxicity on neural cells. Regen Biomater 2019; 6:121-127. [PMID: 30967967 PMCID: PMC6446995 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbz007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of amyloid fibrils from soluble proteins is a common form of self-assembly phenomenon that has fundamental connections with biological functions and human diseases. Lysozyme was converted from its soluble native state into highly organized amyloid fibrils. Ultrasonic treatment was used to break amyloid fibrils to fibrillar fragments–seeds. Atomic force microscopy and fluorescence microscopy was employed to characterize the morphology of the amyloid assemblies and neural cells–amyloid complexes. Our results demonstrate that prefibrillar intermediated and their mixture with proteins exhibit toxicity, although native proteins and fibrils appear to have no effect on number of cells. Our findings confirm that innocuous hen lysozyme can be engineered to produce both cytotoxic fibrillar fragments and non-toxic mature amyloid fibrils. Our work further strengthens the claim that amyloid conformation, and not the identity of the protein, is key to cellular toxicity and the underlying specific cell death mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bystrenova
- Institute of Nanostructured Materials I.S.M.N - C.N.R., via Gobetti, 101, Bologna, Italy
| | - Zuzana Bednarikova
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics SAS, Watsonova 47, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Marianna Barbalinardo
- Institute of Nanostructured Materials I.S.M.N - C.N.R., via Gobetti, 101, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristiano Albonetti
- Institute of Nanostructured Materials I.S.M.N - C.N.R., via Gobetti, 101, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Valle
- Institute of Nanostructured Materials I.S.M.N - C.N.R., via Gobetti, 101, Bologna, Italy
| | - Zuzana Gazova
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics SAS, Watsonova 47, Kosice, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jie X, Xu D, Wei W. Enantiomeric helical TiO2 nanofibers modulate different peptide assemblies and subsequent cellular behaviors. RSC Adv 2019; 9:29149-29153. [PMID: 35528423 PMCID: PMC9071841 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04660g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of the morphological chirality of inorganic TiO2 nanofibers on peptide assembly and cellular behaviors was investigated. Model peptide insulin maintains its native structure and served as a growth factor for promoting proliferation and differentiation of PC12 cells on the surface of right-handed TiO2. In contrast, insulin forms amyloid fibrils and loses its bioactivity on the left-handed TiO2. Enantiomeric inorganic helical TiO2 nanofibers directed the different assembly processes of insulin and subsequent cellular behaviors.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
- China
| | - Deng Xu
- Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control
- Chongqing 401121
- China
| | - Weili Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
- China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hosoya M, Saeki T, Saegusa C, Matsunaga T, Okano H, Fujioka M, Ogawa K. Estimating the concentration of therapeutic range using disease-specific iPS cells: Low-dose rapamycin therapy for Pendred syndrome. Regen Ther 2018; 10:54-63. [PMID: 30581897 PMCID: PMC6299162 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pendred syndrome is an autosomal-recessive disease characterized by congenital hearing loss and thyroid goiter. Previously, cell stress susceptibilities were shown to increase in patient-derived cells with intracellular aggregation using an in vitro acute cochlear cell model derived from patient-specific pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Moreover, we showed that rapamycin can relieve cell death. However, studies regarding long-term cell survival without cell stressors that mimic the natural course of disease or the rational minimum concentration of rapamycin that prevents cell death are missing. Methods In this report, we first investigated the rational minimum concentration of rapamycin using patient-specific iPS cells derived-cochlear cells with three different conditions of acute stress. We next confirmed the effects of rapamycin in long-term cell survival and phenotypes by using cochlear cells derived from three different patient-derived iPS cells. Results We found that inner ear cells derived from Pendred syndrome patients are more vulnerable than those from healthy individuals during long-term culturing; however, this susceptibility was relieved via treatment with low-dose rapamycin. The slow progression of hearing loss in patients may be explained, in part, by the vulnerability observed in patient cells during long-term culturing. We successfully evaluated the rational minimum concentration of rapamycin for treatment of Pendred syndrome. Conclusion Our results suggest that low-dose rapamycin not only decreases acute symptoms but may prevent progression of hearing loss in Pendred syndrome patients. In vitro chronic disorder model of Pendred syndrome is established. The vulnerability observed during long-term culturing explains progression of PDS. Low-dose rapamycin relief the cell vulnerability observed in PDS patients. PDS iPSCs reveal a rational treatment strategy for chronic progressive hearing loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Hosoya
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Saeki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Chika Saegusa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Matsunaga
- The Laboratory of Auditory Disorders and Division of Hearing and Balance Research, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Tokyo Medical Center, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan.,Medical Genetics Center, National Tokyo Medical Center, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masato Fujioka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kaoru Ogawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
The cellular prion protein, PrPC, is a small, cell surface glycoprotein with a function that is currently somewhat ill defined. It is also the key molecule involved in the family of neurodegenerative disorders called transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, which are also known as prion diseases. The misfolding of PrPC to a conformationally altered isoform, designated PrPTSE, is the main molecular process involved in pathogenesis and appears to precede many other pathologic and clinical manifestations of disease, including neuronal loss, astrogliosis, and cognitive loss. PrPTSE is also believed to be the major component of the infectious "prion," the agent responsible for disease transmission, and preparations of this protein can cause prion disease when inoculated into a naïve host. Thus, understanding the biochemical and biophysical properties of both PrPC and PrPTSE, and ultimately the mechanisms of their interconversion, is critical if we are to understand prion disease biology. Although entire books could be devoted to research pertaining to the protein, herein we briefly review the state of knowledge of prion biochemistry, including consideration of prion protein structure, function, misfolding, and dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Gill
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Banks Laboratories, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom; Division of Neurobiology, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
| | - Andrew R Castle
- Division of Neurobiology, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mechanism of aggregation and membrane interactions of mammalian prion protein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
27
|
Prion acute synaptotoxicity is largely driven by protease-resistant PrPSc species. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007214. [PMID: 30089152 PMCID: PMC6101418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Although misfolding of normal prion protein (PrPC) into abnormal conformers (PrPSc) is critical for prion disease pathogenesis our current understanding of the underlying molecular pathophysiology is rudimentary. Exploiting an electrophysiology paradigm, herein we report that at least modestly proteinase K (PK)-resistant PrPSc (PrPres) species are acutely synaptotoxic. Brief exposure to ex vivo PrPSc from two mouse-adapted prion strains (M1000 and MU02) prepared as crude brain homogenates (cM1000 and cMU02) and cell lysates from chronically M1000-infected RK13 cells (MoRK13-Inf) caused significant impairment of hippocampal CA1 region long-term potentiation (LTP), with the LTP disruption approximating that reported during the evolution of murine prion disease. Proof of PrPSc (especially PrPres) species as the synaptotoxic agent was demonstrated by: significant rescue of LTP following selective immuno-depletion of total PrP from cM1000 (dM1000); modestly PK-treated cM1000 (PK+M1000) retaining full synaptotoxicity; and restoration of the LTP impairment when employing reconstituted, PK-eluted, immuno-precipitated M1000 preparations (PK+IP-M1000). Additional detailed electrophysiological analyses exemplified by impairment of post-tetanic potentiation (PTP) suggest possible heightened pre-synaptic vulnerability to the acute synaptotoxicity. This dysfunction correlated with cumulative insufficiency of replenishment of the readily releasable pool (RRP) of vesicles during repeated high-frequency stimulation utilised for induction of LTP. Broadly comparable results with LTP and PTP impairment were obtained utilizing hippocampal slices from PrPC knockout (PrPo/o) mice, with cM1000 serial dilution assessments revealing similar sensitivity of PrPo/o and wild type (WT) slices. Size fractionation chromatography demonstrated that synaptotoxic PrP correlated with PK-resistant species >100kDa, consistent with multimeric PrPSc, with levels of these species >6 ng/ml appearing sufficient to induce synaptic dysfunction. Biochemical analyses of hippocampal slices manifesting acute synaptotoxicity demonstrated reduced levels of multiple key synaptic proteins, albeit with noteworthy differences in PrPo/o slices, while such changes were absent in hippocampi demonstrating rescued LTP through treatment with dM1000. Our findings offer important new mechanistic insights into the synaptic impairment underlying prion disease, enhancing prospects for development of targeted effective therapies. Misfolding of the normal prion protein (PrPC) into disease-associated conformations (PrPSc) is the critical initiating step for prion diseases. Similar to other neurodegenerative disorders, progressive failure of brain synapses is considered a primary deleterious event underpinning prion disease evolution. Our current understanding of the underlying mechanisms associated with synaptic failure is rudimentary contributing to difficulties in developing effective treatments. Herein we report the use of an electrophysiology paradigm that allowed us to demonstrate that at least modestly proteinase K (PK)-resistant PrPSc species from two mouse-adapted prion strains (M1000 and MU02) are directly synaptotoxic causing significant acute impairment of hippocampal CA1 region long-term potentiation (LTP). Of note, the LTP disruption approximated that reported in prion animal models. Additional detailed analyses provided novel pathophysiological insights suggesting possible heightened pre-synaptic vulnerability to the acute synaptotoxicity through impairment of replenishment of the readily releasable pool of neurotransmitter vesicles, while biochemical analyses demonstrated reduced levels of multiple key pre-and post-synaptic proteins. Broadly similar acute synaptic dysfunction and dose-response susceptibility were observed in slices from mice not expressing PrPC albeit with minor but noteworthy differences in electrophysiological and biochemical findings. Our study offers important new mechanistic insights into the synaptic impairment underlying prion disease, enhancing prospects for development effective therapies.
Collapse
|
28
|
Hasecke F, Miti T, Perez C, Barton J, Schölzel D, Gremer L, Grüning CSR, Matthews G, Meisl G, Knowles TPJ, Willbold D, Neudecker P, Heise H, Ullah G, Hoyer W, Muschol M. Origin of metastable oligomers and their effects on amyloid fibril self-assembly. Chem Sci 2018; 9:5937-5948. [PMID: 30079208 PMCID: PMC6050532 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01479e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Assembly of rigid amyloid fibrils with their characteristic cross-β sheet structure is a molecular signature of numerous neurodegenerative and non-neuropathic disorders. Frequently large populations of small globular amyloid oligomers (gOs) and curvilinear fibrils (CFs) precede the formation of late-stage rigid fibrils (RFs), and have been implicated in amyloid toxicity. Yet our understanding of the origin of these metastable oligomers, their role as on-pathway precursors or off-pathway competitors, and their effects on the self-assembly of amyloid fibrils remains incomplete. Using two unrelated amyloid proteins, amyloid-β and lysozyme, we find that gO/CF formation, analogous to micelle formation by surfactants, is delineated by a "critical oligomer concentration" (COC). Below this COC, fibril assembly replicates the sigmoidal kinetics of nucleated polymerization. Upon crossing the COC, assembly kinetics becomes biphasic with gO/CF formation responsible for the lag-free initial phase, followed by a second upswing dominated by RF nucleation and growth. RF lag periods below the COC, as expected, decrease as a power law in monomer concentration. Surprisingly, the build-up of gO/CFs above the COC causes a progressive increase in RF lag periods. Our results suggest that metastable gO/CFs are off-pathway from RF formation, confined by a condition-dependent COC that is distinct from RF solubility, underlie a transition from sigmoidal to biphasic assembly kinetics and, most importantly, not only compete with RFs for the shared monomeric growth substrate but actively inhibit their nucleation and growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Hasecke
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie , Heinrich-Heine-Universität , 40204 Düsseldorf , Germany .
| | - Tatiana Miti
- Department of Physics , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL 33620 , USA .
| | - Carlos Perez
- Department of Physics , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL 33620 , USA .
| | - Jeremy Barton
- Department of Physics , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL 33620 , USA .
| | - Daniel Schölzel
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie , Heinrich-Heine-Universität , 40204 Düsseldorf , Germany .
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-6) , Structural Biochemistry , Research Centre Jülich , Germany
| | - Lothar Gremer
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie , Heinrich-Heine-Universität , 40204 Düsseldorf , Germany .
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-6) , Structural Biochemistry , Research Centre Jülich , Germany
| | - Clara S R Grüning
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie , Heinrich-Heine-Universität , 40204 Düsseldorf , Germany .
| | - Garrett Matthews
- Department of Physics , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL 33620 , USA .
| | - Georg Meisl
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK
| | - Tuomas P J Knowles
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK
| | - Dieter Willbold
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie , Heinrich-Heine-Universität , 40204 Düsseldorf , Germany .
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-6) , Structural Biochemistry , Research Centre Jülich , Germany
| | - Philipp Neudecker
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie , Heinrich-Heine-Universität , 40204 Düsseldorf , Germany .
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-6) , Structural Biochemistry , Research Centre Jülich , Germany
| | - Henrike Heise
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie , Heinrich-Heine-Universität , 40204 Düsseldorf , Germany .
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-6) , Structural Biochemistry , Research Centre Jülich , Germany
| | - Ghanim Ullah
- Department of Physics , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL 33620 , USA .
| | - Wolfgang Hoyer
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie , Heinrich-Heine-Universität , 40204 Düsseldorf , Germany .
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-6) , Structural Biochemistry , Research Centre Jülich , Germany
| | - Martin Muschol
- Department of Physics , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL 33620 , USA .
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
T. Islam AM, Adlard PA, Finkelstein DI, Lewis V, Biggi S, Biasini E, Collins SJ. Acute Neurotoxicity Models of Prion Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:431-445. [PMID: 29393619 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are phenotypically diverse, transmissible, neurodegenerative disorders affecting both animals and humans. Misfolding of the normal prion protein (PrPC) into disease-associated conformers (PrPSc) is considered the critical etiological event underpinning prion diseases, with such misfolded isoforms linked to both disease transmission and neurotoxicity. Although important advances in our understanding of prion biology and pathogenesis have occurred over the last 3-4 decades, many fundamental questions remain to be resolved, including consensus regarding the principal pathways subserving neuronal dysfunction, as well as detailed biophysical characterization of PrPSc species transmitting disease and/or directly associated with neurotoxicity. In vivo and in vitro models have been, and remain, critical to furthering our understanding across many aspects of prion disease patho-biology. Prion animal models are arguably the most authentic in vivo models of neurodegeneration that exist and have provided valuable and multifarious insights into pathogenesis; however, they are expensive and time-consuming, and it can be problematic to clearly discern evidence of direct PrPSc neurotoxicity in the overall context of pathogenesis. In vitro models, in contrast, generally offer greater tractability and appear more suited to assessments of direct acute neurotoxicity but have until recently been relatively simplistic, and overall there remains a relative paucity of validated, biologically relevant models with heightened reliability as far as translational insights, contributing to difficulties in redressing our knowledge gaps in prion disease pathogenesis. In this review, we provide an overview of the spectrum and methodological diversity of in vivo and in vitro models of prion acute toxicity, as well as the pathogenic insights gained from these studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - S. Biggi
- CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - E. Biasini
- CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Socias SB, González-Lizárraga F, Avila CL, Vera C, Acuña L, Sepulveda-Diaz JE, Del-Bel E, Raisman-Vozari R, Chehin RN. Exploiting the therapeutic potential of ready-to-use drugs: Repurposing antibiotics against amyloid aggregation in neurodegenerative diseases. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 162:17-36. [PMID: 29241812 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are chronic and progressive disorders that affect specific regions of the brain, causing gradual disability and suffering that results in a complete inability of patients to perform daily functions. Amyloid aggregation of specific proteins is the most common biological event that is responsible for neuronal death and neurodegeneration in various neurodegenerative diseases. Therapeutic agents capable of interfering with the abnormal aggregation are required, but traditional drug discovery has fallen short. The exploration of new uses for approved drugs provides a useful alternative to fill the gap between the increasing incidence of neurodegenerative diseases and the long-term assessment of classical drug discovery technologies. Drug re-profiling is currently the quickest possible transition from bench to bedside. In this way, experimental evidence shows that some antibiotic compounds exert neuroprotective action through anti-aggregating activity on disease-associated proteins. The finding that many antibiotics can cross the blood-brain barrier and have been used for several decades without serious toxic effects makes them excellent candidates for therapeutic switching towards neurological disorders. The present review is, to our knowledge, the first extensive evaluation and analysis of the anti-amyloidogenic effect of different antibiotics on well-known disease-associated proteins. In addition, we propose a common structural signature derived from the antiaggregant antibiotic molecules that could be relevant to rational drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio B Socias
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT, and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT. Chacabuco 461, T4000ILI, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina, Argentina
| | - Florencia González-Lizárraga
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT, and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT. Chacabuco 461, T4000ILI, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina, Argentina
| | - Cesar L Avila
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT, and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT. Chacabuco 461, T4000ILI, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Vera
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT, and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT. Chacabuco 461, T4000ILI, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina, Argentina
| | - Leonardo Acuña
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT, and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT. Chacabuco 461, T4000ILI, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina, Argentina; Sorbonne Universite, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, UM75, U1127, UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, France
| | - Julia E Sepulveda-Diaz
- Sorbonne Universite, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, UM75, U1127, UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, France
| | - Elaine Del-Bel
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Stomatology, Faculty of Odontology of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil; Center of Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita Raisman-Vozari
- Sorbonne Universite, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, UM75, U1127, UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, France.
| | - Rosana N Chehin
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT, and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT. Chacabuco 461, T4000ILI, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
What Is Our Current Understanding of PrP Sc-Associated Neurotoxicity and Its Molecular Underpinnings? Pathogens 2017; 6:pathogens6040063. [PMID: 29194372 PMCID: PMC5750587 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens6040063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The prion diseases are a collection of fatal, transmissible neurodegenerative diseases that cause rapid onset dementia and ultimately death. Uniquely, the infectious agent is a misfolded form of the endogenous cellular prion protein, termed PrPSc. Despite the identity of the molecular agent remaining the same, PrPSc can cause a range of diseases with hereditary, spontaneous or iatrogenic aetiologies. However, the link between PrPSc and toxicity is complex, with subclinical cases of prion disease discovered, and prion neurodegeneration without obvious PrPSc deposition. The toxic mechanisms by which PrPSc causes the extensive neuropathology are still poorly understood, although recent advances are beginning to unravel the molecular underpinnings, including oxidative stress, disruption of proteostasis and induction of the unfolded protein response. This review will discuss the diseases caused by PrPSc toxicity, the nature of the toxicity of PrPSc, and our current understanding of the downstream toxic signaling events triggered by the presence of PrPSc.
Collapse
|
32
|
Sabareesan AT, Udgaonkar JB. The G126V Mutation in the Mouse Prion Protein Hinders Nucleation-Dependent Fibril Formation by Slowing Initial Fibril Growth and by Increasing the Critical Concentration. Biochemistry 2017; 56:5931-5942. [PMID: 29045139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The middle disordered hydrophobic region of the prion protein plays a critical role in conformational conversion of the protein, with pathogenic as well as protective mutations being localized to this region. In particular, it has been shown that the G127V mutation in this region of the human prion protein (huPrP) is protective against the spread of prion disease, but the mechanism of protection remains unknown. In this study, quantitative analyses of the kinetics of fibril formation by wild-type mouse prion protein (moPrP) and G126V moPrP (equivalent to G127V huPrP) reveal important differences: the critical concentration is higher, the lag phase is longer, and the initial effective rate constant of fibril growth is slower for the mutant variant. The study offers a simple biophysical explanation for why the G127V mutation in huPrP would be protective in humans: the ∼5-fold increase in critical concentration caused by the mutation likely results in the critical concentration (below which fibril formation cannot occur) being higher that the concentration of the protein present in and on cells in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ambadi Thody Sabareesan
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , Bengaluru 560065, India
| | - Jayant B Udgaonkar
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , Bengaluru 560065, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ke PC, Sani MA, Ding F, Kakinen A, Javed I, Separovic F, Davis TP, Mezzenga R. Implications of peptide assemblies in amyloid diseases. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:6492-6531. [PMID: 28702523 PMCID: PMC5902192 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00372b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders and type 2 diabetes are global epidemics compromising the quality of life of millions worldwide, with profound social and economic implications. Despite the significant differences in pathology - much of which are poorly understood - these diseases are commonly characterized by the presence of cross-β amyloid fibrils as well as the loss of neuronal or pancreatic β-cells. In this review, we document research progress on the molecular and mesoscopic self-assembly of amyloid-beta, alpha synuclein, human islet amyloid polypeptide and prions, the peptides and proteins associated with Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, type 2 diabetes and prion diseases. In addition, we discuss the toxicities of these amyloid proteins based on their self-assembly as well as their interactions with membranes, metal ions, small molecules and engineered nanoparticles. Through this presentation we show the remarkable similarities and differences in the structural transitions of the amyloid proteins through primary and secondary nucleation, the common evolution from disordered monomers to alpha-helices and then to β-sheets when the proteins encounter the cell membrane, and, the consensus (with a few exceptions) that off-pathway oligomers, rather than amyloid fibrils, are the toxic species regardless of the pathogenic protein sequence or physicochemical properties. In addition, we highlight the crucial role of molecular self-assembly in eliciting the biological and pathological consequences of the amyloid proteins within the context of their cellular environments and their spreading between cells and organs. Exploiting such structure-function-toxicity relationship may prove pivotal for the detection and mitigation of amyloid diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pu Chun Ke
- ARC Center of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Marc-Antonie Sani
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - Aleksandr Kakinen
- ARC Center of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Ibrahim Javed
- ARC Center of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Frances Separovic
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Thomas P. Davis
- ARC Center of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Science & Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO, E23, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wu QY, Wei F, Zhu YY, Tong YX, Cao J, Zhou P, Li ZY, Zeng LY, Li F, Wang XY, Xu KL. Roles of amino acid residues H66 and D326 in the creatine kinase activity and structural stability. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 107:512-520. [PMID: 28916380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Creatine kinase (CK) is a key enzyme for cellular energy metabolism, catalyzing the reversible phosphoryl transfer from phosphocreatine to ADP in vertebrates. CK contains a pair of highly conserved amino acids (H66 and D326) which might play an important role in sustaining the compact structure of CK by linking its N- and C- terminal domains; however the mechanism is still unclear. In this study, spectroscopic, structural modeling and protein folding experiments suggested that D326A, H66P and H66P/D326A mutations led to disruption of the hydrogen bond between those two amino acid residues and form the partially unfolded state which made it easier to be inactivated and unfolded under environmental stresses, and more prone to form insoluble aggregates. The formation of insoluble aggregates would decrease levels of active CKs which may provide clues in CK deficiency disease. Moreover, these results indicated that the degree of synergism had closely relationship to the conformational changes of CK. Thus, our results provided clues for understanding the mechanism of amino acid residues outside the active site in regulating substrate synergism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yun Wu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Xue Tong
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiang Cao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling-Yu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiao-Yun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Kai-Lin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
In this review, we detail our current knowledge of PrPSc structure on the basis of structural and computational studies. We discuss the progress toward an atomic resolution description of PrPSc and results from the broader field of amyloid studies that may further inform our knowledge of this structure. Moreover, we summarize work that investigates the role of PrPSc structure in its toxicity, transmissibility, and species specificity. We look forward to an atomic model of PrPSc, which is expected to bring diagnostics and/or therapeutics to the field of prion disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), and Brain Research Institute (BRI), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - David S Eisenberg
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Synthesis and neuroprotective activity of novel 1,2,4-triazine derivatives with ethyl acetate moiety against H 2 O2 and Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
37
|
Different Molecular Mechanisms Mediate Direct or Glia-Dependent Prion Protein Fragment 90-231 Neurotoxic Effects in Cerebellar Granule Neurons. Neurotox Res 2017; 32:381-397. [PMID: 28540665 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9749-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glia over-stimulation associates with amyloid deposition contributing to the progression of central nervous system neurodegenerative disorders. Here we analyze the molecular mechanisms mediating microglia-dependent neurotoxicity induced by prion protein (PrP)90-231, an amyloidogenic polypeptide corresponding to the protease-resistant portion of the pathological prion protein scrapie (PrPSc). PrP90-231 neurotoxicity is enhanced by the presence of microglia within neuronal culture, and associated to a rapid neuronal [Ca++] i increase. Indeed, while in "pure" cerebellar granule neuron cultures, PrP90-231 causes a delayed intracellular Ca++ entry mediated by the activation of NMDA receptors; when neuron and glia are co-cultured, a transient increase of [Ca++] i occurs within seconds after treatment in both granule neurons and glial cells, then followed by a delayed and sustained [Ca++] i raise, associated with the induction of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and phagocytic NADPH oxidase. [Ca++] i fast increase in neurons is dependent on the activation of multiple pathways since it is not only inhibited by the blockade of voltage-gated channel activity and NMDA receptors but also prevented by the inhibition of nitric oxide and PGE2 release from glial cells. Thus, Ca++ homeostasis alteration, directly induced by PrP90-231 in cerebellar granule cells, requires the activation of NMDA receptors, but is greatly enhanced by soluble molecules released by activated glia. In glia-enriched cerebellar granule cultures, the activation of inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) and NADPH oxidase represents the main mechanism of toxicity since their pharmacological inhibition prevented PrP90-231 neurotoxicity, whereas NMDA blockade by D(-)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid is ineffective; conversely, in pure cerebellar granule cultures, NMDA blockade but not iNOS inhibition strongly reduced PrP90-231 neurotoxicity. These data indicate that amyloidogenic peptides induce neurotoxic signals via both direct neuron interaction and glia activation through different mechanisms responsible of calcium homeostasis disruption in neurons and potentiating each other: the activation of excitotoxic pathways via NMDA receptors and the release of radical species that establish an oxidative milieu.
Collapse
|
38
|
Roqanian S, Meratan AA, Ahmadian S, Shafizadeh M, Ghasemi A, Karami L. Polyphenols protect mitochondrial membrane against permeabilization induced by HEWL oligomers: Possible mechanism of action. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 103:709-720. [PMID: 28545969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Increasing body of evidence suggests that polyphenols frequently interacting with amyloid aggregates and/or interfering with aggregate species to bind biomembranes may serve as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of amyloid-related diseases. Hence, in the present study, the possible effects of three naturally occurring polyphenols including Curcumin, Quercetin, and Resveratrol on mitochondrial membrane permeabilization induced by Hen Egg White Lysozyme (HEWL) oligomers were investigated. Our results indicated that pre-incubation of mitochondrial homogenate with polyphenols considerably inhibit membrane permeabilization in a concentration dependent manner. In parallel, HEWL oligomers, which were co-incubated with the polyphenols, showed less effectiveness on membrane permeabilization, suggesting that toxicity of oligomers was hindered. Using a range of techniques including fluorescence quenching, Nile red binding assay, zeta potential and size measurements, CD (far- and near-UV) spectroscopy, and molecular docking, we found that the polyphenols, structure-dependently, interact with and induce conformational changes in HEWL oligomers, thereby inhibit their toxicity. We proposed a mechanism by which selected polyphenols induce their protective effects through binding to mitochondria and interfering with HEWL oligomer-membrane interactions and/or by direct interaction with HEWL oligomers, induction of conformational changes, and generating far less toxic species. However, additional studies are needed to elucidate the detailed mechanisms involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaqayeq Roqanian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, 1417614411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Meratan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Shahin Ahmadian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, 1417614411 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahshid Shafizadeh
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, 1417614411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Ghasemi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, 1417614411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Karami
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ragagnin A, Ezpeleta J, Guillemain A, Boudet-Devaud F, Haeberlé AM, Demais V, Vidal C, Demuth S, Béringue V, Kellermann O, Schneider B, Grant NJ, Bailly Y. Cerebellar compartmentation of prion pathogenesis. Brain Pathol 2017; 28:240-263. [PMID: 28268246 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In prion diseases, the brain lesion profile is influenced by the prion "strain" properties, the invasion route to the brain, and still unknown host cell-specific parameters. To gain insight into those endogenous factors, we analyzed the histopathological alterations induced by distinct prion strains in the mouse cerebellum. We show that 22L and ME7 scrapie prion proteins (PrP22L , PrPME7 ), but not bovine spongiform encephalopathy PrP6PB1 , accumulate in a reproducible parasagittal banding pattern in the cerebellar cortex of infected mice. Such banding pattern of PrP22L aggregation did not depend on the neuroinvasion route, but coincided with the parasagittal compartmentation of the cerebellum mostly defined by the expression of zebrins, such as aldolase C and the excitatory amino acid transporter 4, in Purkinje cells. We provide evidence that Purkinje cells display a differential, subtype-specific vulnerability to 22L prions with zebrin-expressing Purkinje cells being more resistant to prion toxicity, while in stripes where PrP22L accumulated most zebrin-deficient Purkinje cells are lost and spongiosis accentuated. In addition, in PrP22L stripes, enhanced reactive astrocyte processes associated with microglia activation support interdependent events between the topographic pattern of Purkinje cell death, reactive gliosis and PrP22L accumulation. Finally, we find that in preclinically-ill mice prion infection promotes at the membrane of astrocytes enveloping Purkinje cell excitatory synapses, upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-α receptor type 1 (TNFR1), a key mediator of the neuroinflammation process. These overall data show that Purkinje cell sensitivity to prion insult is locally restricted by the parasagittal compartmentation of the cerebellum, and that perisynaptic astrocytes may contribute to prion pathogenesis through prion-induced TNFR1 upregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Ragagnin
- Cytologie et Cytopathologie Neuronales, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires & Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France
| | - Juliette Ezpeleta
- INSERM UMR-S1124, Cellules Souches, Signalisation et Prions, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Guillemain
- Cytologie et Cytopathologie Neuronales, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires & Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France
| | - François Boudet-Devaud
- INSERM UMR-S1124, Cellules Souches, Signalisation et Prions, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Marie Haeberlé
- Cytologie et Cytopathologie Neuronales, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires & Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France
| | - Valérie Demais
- Plateforme Imagerie In Vitro, CNRS UPS-3156, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Stanislas Demuth
- Cytologie et Cytopathologie Neuronales, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires & Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Odile Kellermann
- INSERM UMR-S1124, Cellules Souches, Signalisation et Prions, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Schneider
- INSERM UMR-S1124, Cellules Souches, Signalisation et Prions, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Nancy J Grant
- Cytologie et Cytopathologie Neuronales, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires & Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yannick Bailly
- Cytologie et Cytopathologie Neuronales, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires & Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Melki R. How the shapes of seeds can influence pathology. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 109:201-208. [PMID: 28363800 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the loss of function of different cellular proteins following their aggregation into highly stable aggregates or the gain of pathologic function of the resulting macromolecular assemblies or both processes are tightly associated to distinct debilitating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Creutzfeldt-Jacob, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Huntington's diseases. How the aggregation of one given protein leads to distinct diseases is unclear. Here, a structural-molecular explanation based on the ability of proteins such as α-synuclein or tau to form assemblies that differ by their intrinsic architecture, stability, seeding capacity, and surfaces is proposed to account for distinct synucleinopathies and tauopathies. The shape and surfaces of the seeds is proposed to define at the same time their seeding capacity, interactome and tropism for defined neuronal cells within the central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Melki
- Paris Saclay Institute of Neurosciences, CNRS, Bâtiment 32-33, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Liu T, Lee M, Ban JJ, Im W, Mook-Jung I, Kim M. Cytosolic Extract of Human Adipose Stem Cells Reverses the Amyloid Beta-Induced Mitochondrial Apoptosis via P53/Foxo3a Pathway. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0168859. [PMID: 28046000 PMCID: PMC5207391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adipose stem cells (hASC) have therapeutic potential for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Mitochondrial dysfunction is frequently observed in most neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease. We explored the therapeutic potential of hASC cytosolic extracts to attenuate neuronal death induced by mitochondrial dysfunction in an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in vitro models. Amyloid beta (Aβ) was used to induce cytotoxity in an immortal hippocampal cell line (HT22) and neuronal stem cells from the brain of TG2576 transgenic mice were also used to test the protective role of hASC cytosolic extracts. Cell viability and flow cytometry results demonstrated that the hASC extract prevents the toxicity and apoptosis in AD in vitro models. Moreover, JC-1 and MitoSoxRed staining followed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry results showed that the hASC extract ameliorated the effect of Aβ-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blot result showed that hASC extract modulated mitochondria-associated proteins, such as Bax and Bcl2, and down-regulated cleaved caspase-3. In addition, hASC extract decreased Aβ generation and reversed up-regulated p53 and foxo3a protein level in AD in vitro model cell derived from TG2576 mice. Taken together, these findings implicate a protective role of the hASC extract in the Aβ-induced mitochondrial apoptosis via regulation of P53/foxo3a pathway, providing insight into the molecular mechanisms of hASC extract and a therapeutic strategy to ameliorate neuronal death induced by Aβ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Alzheimer’s Byrd Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Mijung Lee
- Department of Neurology, Biomedical Research Institute; College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Jun Ban
- Department of Neurology, Biomedical Research Institute; College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wooseok Im
- Department of Neurology, Biomedical Research Institute; College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (WI); (MK)
| | - Inhee Mook-Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Manho Kim
- Department of Neurology, Biomedical Research Institute; College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Protein Metabolism Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (WI); (MK)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Calnuc is a ubiquitously expressed protein of the EF-hand Ca2+-binding superfamily. Previous studies have implicated it in Ca2+-sensitive physiological processes, whereas details of its function and involvement in human diseases are lacking. Drawing upon the sequence homology of calnuc with calreticulin, we propose it functions as a molecular chaperone-like protein. In cells under thermal, chemical [urea and guanidinium chloride (GdmCl)], and acidic stress, calnuc exhibits properties similar to those of established chaperone-like proteins (GRP78, spectrin, and α-crystallin), effectively demonstrated by its ability to suppress aggregation of malate dehydrogenase (MDH), alcohol dehydrogenase, and catalase. Calnuc aids in refolding of MDH with retention of 80% of its enzymatic activity. In HEK293 cells subjected to heat shock, calnuc chaperones luciferase, protecting its activity. Our in vitro and cell culture results establish the ability of calnuc to inhibit fibrillation of insulin and lysozyme and validate its neuroprotective role in cells treated with amyloid fibrils. Calnuc also rescues cells from fibrillar toxicity (caused by misfolded or aggregated proteins), providing a plausible explanation for the previous observation of its low level of expression in brains affected by Alzheimer's disease. We propose that calnuc is possibly involved in controlling protein unfolding diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), prion disease, and type II diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi Kanuru
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Gopala Krishna Aradhyam
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai 600 036, India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ugalde CL, Finkelstein DI, Lawson VA, Hill AF. Pathogenic mechanisms of prion protein, amyloid-β and α-synuclein misfolding: the prion concept and neurotoxicity of protein oligomers. J Neurochem 2016; 139:162-180. [PMID: 27529376 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Proteinopathies represent a group of diseases characterized by the unregulated misfolding and aggregation of proteins. Accumulation of misfolded protein in the central nervous system (CNS) is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (or prion diseases), Alzheimer's disease, and the synucleinopathies (the most common of which is Parkinson's disease). Of these, the pathogenic mechanisms of prion diseases are particularly striking where the transmissible, causative agent of disease is the prion, or proteinaceous infectious particle. Prions are composed almost exclusively of PrPSc ; a misfolded isoform of the normal cellular protein, PrPC , which is found accumulated in the CNS in disease. Today, mounting evidence suggests other aggregating proteins, such as amyloid-β (Aβ) and α-synuclein (α-syn), proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease and synucleinopathies, respectively, share similar biophysical and biochemical properties with PrPSc that influences how they misfold, aggregate, and propagate in disease. In this regard, the definition of a 'prion' may ultimately expand to include other pathogenic proteins. Unifying knowledge of folded proteins may also reveal common mechanisms associated with other features of disease that are less understood, such as neurotoxicity. This review discusses the common features Aβ and α-syn share with PrP and neurotoxic mechanisms associated with these misfolded proteins. Several proteins are known to misfold and accumulate in the central nervous system causing a range of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and the prion diseases. Prions are transmissible misfolded conformers of the prion protein, PrP, which seed further generation of infectious proteins. Similar effects have recently been observed in proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease and the synucleinopathies, leading to the proposition that the definition of a 'prion' may ultimately expand to include other pathogenic proteins. Unifying knowledge of misfolded proteins may also reveal common mechanisms associated with other features of disease that are less understood, such as neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cathryn L Ugalde
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia.,Howard Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - David I Finkelstein
- Howard Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Victoria A Lawson
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Andrew F Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Picone P, Vilasi S, Librizzi F, Contardi M, Nuzzo D, Caruana L, Baldassano S, Amato A, Mulè F, San Biagio PL, Giacomazza D, Di Carlo M. Biological and biophysics aspects of metformin-induced effects: cortex mitochondrial dysfunction and promotion of toxic amyloid pre-fibrillar aggregates. Aging (Albany NY) 2016; 8:1718-34. [PMID: 27509335 PMCID: PMC5032692 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The onset of Alzheimer disease (AD) is influenced by several risk factors comprising diabetes. Within this context, antidiabetic drugs, including metformin, are investigated for their effect on AD. We report that in the C57B6/J mice, metformin is delivered to the brain where activates AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), its molecular target. This drug affects the levels of β-secretase (BACE1) and β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), promoting processing and aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ), mainly in the cortex region. Moreover, metformin induces mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death by affecting the level and conformation of Translocase of the Outer Membrane 40 (TOM40), voltage-dependent anion-selective channels 1 (VDAC1) and hexokinase I (HKI), proteins involved in mitochondrial transport of molecules, including Aβ. By using biophysical techniques we found that metformin is able to directly interact with Aβ influencing its aggregation kinetics and features. These findings indicate that metformin induces different adverse effects, leading to an overall increase of the risk of AD onset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Picone
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare, CNR, Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | - Marco Contardi
- Istituto di Biofisica, CNR, Palermo, Italy
- Current address: Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, Italy
| | - Domenico Nuzzo
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare, CNR, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Caruana
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare, CNR, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sara Baldassano
- Departimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Amato
- Departimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Flavia Mulè
- Departimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | - Marta Di Carlo
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare, CNR, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Melki R. Role of Different Alpha-Synuclein Strains in Synucleinopathies, Similarities with other Neurodegenerative Diseases. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2016; 5:217-27. [PMID: 25757830 PMCID: PMC4923763 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-150543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Misfolded protein aggregates are the hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases in humans. The main protein constituent of these aggregates and the regions within the brain that are affected differ from one neurodegenerative disorder to another. A plethora of reports suggest that distinct diseases have in common the ability of protein aggregates to spread and amplify within the central nervous system. This review summarizes briefly what is known about the nature of the protein aggregates that are infectious and the reason they are toxic to cells. The chameleon property of polypeptides which aggregation into distinct high-molecular weight assemblies is associated to different diseases, in particular, that of alpha-synuclein which aggregation is the hallmark of distinct synucleinopathies, is discussed. Finally, strategies targeting the formation and propagation of structurally distinct alpha-synuclein assemblies associated to different synucleinopathies are presented and their therapeutic and diagnostic potential is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Melki
- Correspondence to: Ronald Melki, Neuro Psi, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. Tel.: +33 169823503; Fax: +33 169823129;
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), or prion diseases, are fatal neurodegenerative disorders characterised by long incubation period, short clinical duration, and transmissibility to susceptible species. Neuronal loss, spongiform changes, gliosis and the accumulation in the brain of the misfolded version of a membrane-bound cellular prion protein (PrP(C)), termed PrP(TSE), are diagnostic markers of these diseases. Compelling evidence links protein misfolding and its accumulation with neurodegenerative changes. Accordingly, several mechanisms of prion-mediated neurotoxicity have been proposed. In this paper, we provide an overview of the recent knowledge on the mechanisms of neuropathogenesis, the neurotoxic PrP species and the possible therapeutic approaches to treat these devastating disorders.
Collapse
|
47
|
Leri M, Bemporad F, Oropesa-Nuñez R, Canale C, Calamai M, Nosi D, Ramazzotti M, Giorgetti S, Pavone FS, Bellotti V, Stefani M, Bucciantini M. Molecular insights into cell toxicity of a novel familial amyloidogenic variant of β2-microglobulin. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:1443-56. [PMID: 26990223 PMCID: PMC4956941 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The first genetic variant of β2‐microglobulin (b2M) associated with a familial form of systemic amyloidosis has been recently described. The mutated protein, carrying a substitution of Asp at position 76 with an Asn (D76N b2M), exhibits a strongly enhanced amyloidogenic tendency to aggregate with respect to the wild‐type protein. In this study, we characterized the D76N b2M aggregation path and performed an unprecedented analysis of the biochemical mechanisms underlying aggregate cytotoxicity. We showed that, contrarily to what expected from other amyloid studies, early aggregates of the mutant are not the most toxic species, despite their higher surface hydrophobicity. By modulating ganglioside GM1 content in cell membrane or synthetic lipid bilayers, we confirmed the pivotal role of this lipid as aggregate recruiter favouring their cytotoxicity. We finally observed that the aggregates bind to the cell membrane inducing an alteration of its elasticity (with possible functional unbalance and cytotoxicity) in GM1‐enriched domains only, thus establishing a link between aggregate‐membrane contact and cell damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Leri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche 'Mario Serio', Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesco Bemporad
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche 'Mario Serio', Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Canale
- Dipartimento di Nanofisica, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Martino Calamai
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,National Institute of Optics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Firenze, Italy
| | - Daniele Nosi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Ramazzotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche 'Mario Serio', Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Sofia Giorgetti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Istituto di Biochimica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco S Pavone
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Vittorio Bellotti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Istituto di Biochimica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Wolfson Drug Discovery Unit, Centre for Amyloidosis and Acute Phase Proteins, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus University College London, London, UK
| | - Massimo Stefani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche 'Mario Serio', Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy.,Centro Interuniversitario per lo Studio delle Malattie Neurodegenerative (CIMN), Firenze, Italy
| | - Monica Bucciantini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche 'Mario Serio', Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy.,Centro Interuniversitario per lo Studio delle Malattie Neurodegenerative (CIMN), Firenze, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Herms J, Dorostkar MM. Dendritic Spine Pathology in Neurodegenerative Diseases. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2016; 11:221-50. [PMID: 26907528 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-012615-044216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Substantial progress has been made toward understanding the neuropathology, genetic origins, and epidemiology of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease; tauopathies, such as frontotemporal dementia; α-synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's disease or dementia with Lewy bodies; Huntington's disease; and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with dementia, as well as prion diseases. Recent evidence has implicated dendritic spine dysfunction as an important substrate of the pathogenesis of dementia in these disorders. Dendritic spines are specialized structures, extending from the neuronal processes, on which excitatory synaptic contacts are formed, and the loss of dendritic spines correlates with the loss of synaptic function. We review the literature that has implicated direct or indirect structural alterations at dendritic spines in the pathogenesis of major neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on those that lead to dementias such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases, as well as frontotemporal dementia and prion diseases. We stress the importance of in vivo studies in animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Herms
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig Maximilian University, 81377 Munich, Germany; .,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Ludwig Maximilian University, 81377 Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Mario M Dorostkar
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig Maximilian University, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Sempou E, Biasini E, Pinzón-Olejua A, Harris DA, Málaga-Trillo E. Activation of zebrafish Src family kinases by the prion protein is an amyloid-β-sensitive signal that prevents the endocytosis and degradation of E-cadherin/β-catenin complexes in vivo. Mol Neurodegener 2016; 11:18. [PMID: 26860872 PMCID: PMC4748561 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-016-0076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prions and amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers trigger neurodegeneration by hijacking a poorly understood cellular signal mediated by the prion protein (PrP) at the plasma membrane. In early zebrafish embryos, PrP-1-dependent signals control cell-cell adhesion via a tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent mechanism. Results Here we report that the Src family kinases (SFKs) Fyn and Yes act downstream of PrP-1 to prevent the endocytosis and degradation of E-cadherin/β-catenin adhesion complexes in vivo. Accordingly, knockdown of PrP-1 or Fyn/Yes cause similar zebrafish gastrulation phenotypes, whereas Fyn/Yes expression rescues the PrP-1 knockdown phenotype. We also show that zebrafish and mouse PrPs positively regulate the activity of Src kinases and that these have an unexpected positive effect on E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion. Interestingly, while PrP knockdown impairs β-catenin adhesive function, PrP overexpression enhances it, thereby antagonizing its nuclear, wnt-related signaling activity and disturbing embryonic dorsoventral specification. The ability of mouse PrP to influence these events in zebrafish embryos requires its neuroprotective, polybasic N-terminus but not its neurotoxicity-associated central region. Remarkably, human Aβ oligomers up-regulate the PrP-1/SFK/E-cadherin/β-catenin pathway in zebrafish embryonic cells, mimicking a PrP gain-of-function scenario. Conclusions Our gain- and loss-of-function experiments in zebrafish suggest that PrP and SFKs enhance the cell surface stability of embryonic adherens junctions via the same complex mechanism through which they over-activate neuroreceptors that trigger synaptic damage. The profound impact of this pathway on early zebrafish development makes these embryos an ideal model to study the cellular and molecular events affected by neurotoxic PrP mutations and ligands in vivo. In particular, our finding that human Aβ oligomers activate the zebrafish PrP/SFK/E-cadherin pathway opens the possibility of using fish embryos to rapidly screen for novel therapeutic targets and compounds against prion- and Alzheimer's-related neurodegeneration. Altogether, our data illustrate PrP-dependent signals relevant to embryonic development, neuronal physiology and neurological disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13024-016-0076-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Sempou
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Constance, 78457, Germany. .,Present address: Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Emiliano Biasini
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA. .,Present address: Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Laboratory of Prions and Amyloids, Centre for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38123, Trento, Italy.
| | - Alejandro Pinzón-Olejua
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Constance, 78457, Germany. .,Present address: Max PIanck Institute for Brain Research, Department of Synaptic Plasticity, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - David A Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
| | - Edward Málaga-Trillo
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Constance, 78457, Germany. .,Department of Biology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 31, Perú.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Insights into Mechanisms of Chronic Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17010082. [PMID: 26771599 PMCID: PMC4730326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and prion diseases are characterised by the accumulation of abnormal conformers of a host encoded protein in the central nervous system. The process leading to neurodegeneration is still poorly defined and thus development of early intervention strategies is challenging. Unique amongst these diseases are Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs) or prion diseases, which have the ability to transmit between individuals. The infectious nature of these diseases has permitted in vivo and in vitro modelling of the time course of the disease process in a highly reproducible manner, thus early events can be defined. Recent evidence has demonstrated that the cell-to-cell spread of protein aggregates by a “prion-like mechanism” is common among the protein misfolding diseases. Thus, the TSE models may provide insights into disease mechanisms and testable hypotheses for disease intervention, applicable to a number of these chronic neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
|