1
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Dreher SI, Grubba P, von Toerne C, Moruzzi A, Maurer J, Goj T, Birkenfeld AL, Peter A, Loskill P, Hauck SM, Weigert C. IGF1 promotes human myotube differentiation toward a mature metabolic and contractile phenotype. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1462-C1481. [PMID: 38690930 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00654.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle mediates the beneficial effects of exercise, thereby improving insulin sensitivity and reducing the risk for type 2 diabetes. Current human skeletal muscle models in vitro are incapable of fully recapitulating its physiological functions especially muscle contractility. By supplementation of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), a growth factor secreted by myofibers in vivo, we aimed to overcome these limitations. We monitored the differentiation process starting from primary human CD56-positive myoblasts in the presence/absence of IGF1 in serum-free medium in daily collected samples for 10 days. IGF1-supported differentiation formed thicker multinucleated myotubes showing physiological contraction upon electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) following day 6. Myotubes without IGF1 were almost incapable of contraction. IGF1 treatment shifted the proteome toward skeletal muscle-specific proteins that contribute to myofibril and sarcomere assembly, striated muscle contraction, and ATP production. Elevated PPARGC1A, MYH7, and reduced MYH1/2 suggest a more oxidative phenotype further demonstrated by higher abundance of proteins of the respiratory chain and elevated mitochondrial respiration. IGF1-treatment also upregulated glucose transporter (GLUT)4 and increased insulin-dependent glucose uptake compared with myotubes differentiated without IGF1. To conclude, addition of IGF1 to serum-free medium significantly improves the differentiation of human myotubes that showed enhanced myofibril formation, response to electrical pulse stimulation, oxidative respiratory capacity, and glucose metabolism overcoming limitations of previous standards. This novel protocol enables investigation of muscular exercise on a molecular level.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Human skeletal muscle models are highly valuable to study how exercise prevents type 2 diabetes without invasive biopsies. Current models did not fully recapitulate the function of skeletal muscle especially during exercise. By supplementing insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), the authors developed a functional human skeletal muscle model characterized by inducible contractility and increased oxidative and insulin-sensitive metabolism. The novel protocol overcomes the limitations of previous standards and enables investigation of exercise on a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon I Dreher
- Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Paul Grubba
- Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christine von Toerne
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alessia Moruzzi
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
- Department for Microphysiological Systems, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Maurer
- Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Goj
- Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andreas L Birkenfeld
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Peter
- Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Loskill
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
- Department for Microphysiological Systems, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cora Weigert
- Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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2
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Peng H, Xin S, Pfeiffer S, Müller C, Merl-Pham J, Hauck SM, Harter PN, Spitzer D, Devraj K, Varynskyi B, Arzberger T, Momma S, Schick JA. Fatty acid-binding protein 5 is a functional biomarker and indicator of ferroptosis in cerebral hypoxia. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:286. [PMID: 38653992 PMCID: PMC11039673 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06681-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The progression of human degenerative and hypoxic/ischemic diseases is accompanied by widespread cell death. One death process linking iron-catalyzed reactive species with lipid peroxidation is ferroptosis, which shows hallmarks of both programmed and necrotic death in vitro. While evidence of ferroptosis in neurodegenerative disease is indicated by iron accumulation and involvement of lipids, a stable marker for ferroptosis has not been identified. Its prevalence is thus undetermined in human pathophysiology, impeding recognition of disease areas and clinical investigations with candidate drugs. Here, we identified ferroptosis marker antigens by analyzing surface protein dynamics and discovered a single protein, Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 5 (FABP5), which was stabilized at the cell surface and specifically elevated in ferroptotic cell death. Ectopic expression and lipidomics assays demonstrated that FABP5 drives redistribution of redox-sensitive lipids and ferroptosis sensitivity in a positive-feedback loop, indicating a role as a functional biomarker. Notably, immunodetection of FABP5 in mouse stroke penumbra and in hypoxic postmortem patients was distinctly associated with hypoxically damaged neurons. Retrospective cell death characterized here by the novel ferroptosis biomarker FABP5 thus provides first evidence for a long-hypothesized intrinsic ferroptosis in hypoxia and inaugurates a means for pathological detection of ferroptosis in tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Peng
- Genetics and Cellular Engineering Group, Research Unit Signaling and Translation, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Shan Xin
- Genetics and Cellular Engineering Group, Research Unit Signaling and Translation, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Susanne Pfeiffer
- Genetics and Cellular Engineering Group, Research Unit Signaling and Translation, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Constanze Müller
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juliane Merl-Pham
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patrick N Harter
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Spitzer
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kavi Devraj
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Science and Technology Pilani, Hyderabad, India
| | - Borys Varynskyi
- Genetics and Cellular Engineering Group, Research Unit Signaling and Translation, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Physical and Colloidal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 26 Maiakovskoho Ave., 69035, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Thomas Arzberger
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Momma
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Joel A Schick
- Genetics and Cellular Engineering Group, Research Unit Signaling and Translation, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
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3
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Wang A, Zhang H, Li X, Zhao Y. Annexin A1 in the nervous and ocular systems. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:591-597. [PMID: 37721289 PMCID: PMC10581565 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.380882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of Annexin A1, an important member of the Annexin superfamily, has become evident in results of experiments with multiple human systems and animal models. The anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects of Annexin A1 are characteristic of pathologies involving the nervous system. In this review, we initially describe the expression sites of Annexin A1, then outline the mechanisms by which Annexin A1 maintains the neurological homeostasis through either formyl peptide receptor 2 or other molecular approaches; and, finally, we discuss the neuroregenerative potential qualities of Annexin A1. The eye and the nervous system are anatomically and functionally connected, but the association between visual system pathogenesis, especially in the retina, and Annexin A1 alterations has not been well summarized. Therefore, we explain the beneficial effects of Annexin A1 for ocular diseases, especially for retinal diseases and glaucoma on the basis of published findings, and we explore present and future delivery strategies for Annexin A1 to the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijia Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yin Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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4
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Berg Luecke L, Mesidor R, Littrell J, Carpenter M, Wojtkiewicz M, Gundry RL. Veneer Is a Webtool for Rapid, Standardized, and Transparent Interpretation, Annotation, and Reporting of Mammalian Cell Surface N-Glycocapture Data. J Proteome Res 2024. [PMID: 38412263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Currently, no consensus exists regarding criteria required to designate a protein within a proteomic data set as a cell surface protein. Most published proteomic studies rely on varied ontology annotations or computational predictions instead of experimental evidence when attributing protein localization. Consequently, standardized approaches for analyzing and reporting cell surface proteome data sets would increase confidence in localization claims and promote data use by other researchers. Recently, we developed Veneer, a web-based bioinformatic tool that analyzes results from cell surface N-glycocapture workflows─the most popular cell surface proteomics method used to date that generates experimental evidence of subcellular location. Veneer assigns protein localization based on defined experimental and bioinformatic evidence. In this study, we updated the criteria and process for assigning protein localization and added new functionality to Veneer. Results of Veneer analysis of 587 cell surface N-glycocapture data sets from 32 published studies demonstrate the importance of applying defined criteria when analyzing cell surface proteomics data sets and exemplify how Veneer can be used to assess experimental quality and facilitate data extraction for informing future biological studies and annotating public repositories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Berg Luecke
- CardiOmics Program, Center for Heart and Vascular Research and Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, United States
| | - Roneldine Mesidor
- CardiOmics Program, Center for Heart and Vascular Research and Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Jack Littrell
- CardiOmics Program, Center for Heart and Vascular Research and Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Morgan Carpenter
- CardiOmics Program, Center for Heart and Vascular Research and Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Melinda Wojtkiewicz
- CardiOmics Program, Center for Heart and Vascular Research and Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Rebekah L Gundry
- CardiOmics Program, Center for Heart and Vascular Research and Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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5
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Biber J, Jabri Y, Glänzer S, Dort A, Hoffelner P, Schmidt CQ, Bludau O, Pauly D, Grosche A. Gliosis-dependent expression of complement factor H truncated variants attenuates retinal neurodegeneration following ischemic injury. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:56. [PMID: 38388518 PMCID: PMC10885619 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Inherited, age-related, and acute retinal diseases are often exacerbated by an aberrant or excessive activity of the complement system. Consequently, cells not directly affected by an acute event or genetic variants may degenerate, resulting in enhanced visual impairment. The therapeutic potential of supplementation of complement factor H (FH), a key regulator of the complement cascade, is therefore particularly promising in the context of retinal diseases caused by complement activation. In this study, we engineered adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) containing sequences of two truncated human FH variants. The expression of these variants was regulated by the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) promoter, which is selectively active in gliotic Müller cells. Both FH variants consisted of FH domains 19-20, which were connected to domains 1-4 and 1-7, respectively, by a polyglycine linker. These AAVs were intravitreally injected following ischemic injury of C57BL/6J mouse retinas. We observed transgene expression in gliotic Müller cells and to some extent in astrocytes. The expression correlated directly with damage severity. Interventions resulted in decreased complement activation, accelerated normalization of microglia activity and morphological improvements. Reduced levels of C3 transcripts and C3d protein in conjunction with higher transcript levels of inhibitory regulators like Cfi and Cfh, hinted at attenuated complement activity. This study demonstrates the great potential of complement regulatory gene addition therapy. With further in vivo testing it could be applied to treat a wide range of retinal diseases where no causative therapies are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Biber
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Yassin Jabri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Glänzer
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Aaron Dort
- Experimental Ophthalmology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Patricia Hoffelner
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christoph Q Schmidt
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biochemical Pharmacy Group, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Oliver Bludau
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Diana Pauly
- Experimental Ophthalmology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Antje Grosche
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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6
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Pfaller AM, Kaplan L, Carido M, Grassmann F, Díaz-Lezama N, Ghaseminejad F, Wunderlich KA, Glänzer S, Bludau O, Pannicke T, Weber BHF, Koch SF, Bonev B, Hauck SM, Grosche A. The glucocorticoid receptor as a master regulator of the Müller cell response to diabetic conditions in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:33. [PMID: 38273366 PMCID: PMC10809506 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03021-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is considered a primarily microvascular complication of diabetes. Müller glia cells are at the centre of the retinal neurovascular unit and play a critical role in DR. We therefore investigated Müller cell-specific signalling pathways that are altered in DR to identify novel targets for gene therapy. Using a multi-omics approach on purified Müller cells from diabetic db/db mice, we found the mRNA and protein expression of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) to be significantly decreased, while its target gene cluster was down-regulated. Further, oPOSSUM TF analysis and ATAC- sequencing identified the GR as a master regulator of Müller cell response to diabetic conditions. Cortisol not only increased GR phosphorylation. It also induced changes in the expression of known GR target genes in retinal explants. Finally, retinal functionality was improved by AAV-mediated overexpression of GR in Müller cells. Our study demonstrates an important role of the glial GR in DR and implies that therapeutic approaches targeting this signalling pathway should be aimed at increasing GR expression rather than the addition of more ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Pfaller
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center-BMC, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Lew Kaplan
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center-BMC, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Madalena Carido
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Felix Grassmann
- Institute of Clinical Human Genetics, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Research and Systems Medicine, Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Nundehui Díaz-Lezama
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center-BMC, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Farhad Ghaseminejad
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center-BMC, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kirsten A Wunderlich
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center-BMC, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sarah Glänzer
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center-BMC, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Oliver Bludau
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center-BMC, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Thomas Pannicke
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernhard H F Weber
- Institute of Clinical Human Genetics, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Susanne F Koch
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center-BMC, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Boyan Bonev
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center-BMC, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Antje Grosche
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center-BMC, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
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7
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Degroote RL, Schmalen A, Hauck SM, Deeg CA. Unveiling Differential Responses of Granulocytes to Distinct Immunostimulants with Implications in Autoimmune Uveitis. Biomedicines 2023; 12:19. [PMID: 38275380 PMCID: PMC10812922 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The perception of circulating granulocytes as cells with a predetermined immune response mainly triggered by pathogens is evolving, recognizing their functional heterogeneity and adaptability, particularly within the neutrophil subset. The involvement of these cells in the pathophysiology of autoimmune uveitis has become increasingly clear, yet their exact role remains elusive. We used an equine model for autoimmune-mediated recurrent pan-uveitis to investigate early responses of granulocytes in different inflammatory environments. For this purpose, we performed differential proteomics on granulocytes from healthy and diseased horses stimulated with IL8, LPS, or PMA. Compared to healthy horses, granulocytes from the recurrent uveitis model significantly changed the cellular abundance of 384 proteins, with a considerable number of specific changes for each stimulant. To gain more insight into the functional impact of these stimulant-specific proteome changes in ERU pathogenesis, we used Ingenuity Pathway Analysis for pathway enrichment. This resulted in specific reaction patterns for each stimulant, with IL8 predominantly promoting Class I MHC-mediated antigen processing and presentation, LPS enhancing processes in phospholipid biosynthesis, and PMA, clearly inducing neutrophil degranulation. These findings shed light on the remarkably differentiated responses of neutrophils, offering valuable insights into their functional heterogeneity in a T-cell-driven disease. Raw data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD013648.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxane L. Degroote
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany; (R.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Adrian Schmalen
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany; (R.L.D.); (A.S.)
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-80939 Munich, Germany;
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-80939 Munich, Germany;
| | - Cornelia A. Deeg
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany; (R.L.D.); (A.S.)
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8
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Witzenberger M, Burczyk S, Settele D, Mayer W, Welp L, Heiss M, Wagner M, Monecke T, Janowski R, Carell T, Urlaub H, Hauck S, Voigt A, Niessing D. Human TRMT2A methylates tRNA and contributes to translation fidelity. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:8691-8710. [PMID: 37395448 PMCID: PMC10484741 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
5-Methyluridine (m5U) is one of the most abundant RNA modifications found in cytosolic tRNA. tRNA methyltransferase 2 homolog A (hTRMT2A) is the dedicated mammalian enzyme for m5U formation at tRNA position 54. However, its RNA binding specificity and functional role in the cell are not well understood. Here we dissected structural and sequence requirements for binding and methylation of its RNA targets. Specificity of tRNA modification by hTRMT2A is achieved by a combination of modest binding preference and presence of a uridine in position 54 of tRNAs. Mutational analysis together with cross-linking experiments identified a large hTRMT2A-tRNA binding surface. Furthermore, complementing hTRMT2A interactome studies revealed that hTRMT2A interacts with proteins involved in RNA biogenesis. Finally, we addressed the question of the importance of hTRMT2A function by showing that its knockdown reduces translation fidelity. These findings extend the role of hTRMT2A beyond tRNA modification towards a role in translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Witzenberger
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Burczyk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - David Settele
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wieland Mayer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Luisa M Welp
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Heiss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, München, Germany
| | - Mirko Wagner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, München, Germany
| | - Thomas Monecke
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Robert Janowski
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Carell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, München, Germany
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Aaron Voigt
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dierk Niessing
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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9
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Bilekova S, Garcia-Colomer B, Cebrian-Serrano A, Schirge S, Krey K, Sterr M, Kurth T, Hauck SM, Lickert H. Inceptor facilitates acrosomal vesicle formation in spermatids and is required for male fertility. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1240039. [PMID: 37691832 PMCID: PMC10483240 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1240039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a crucial biological process that enables the production of functional sperm, allowing for successful reproduction. Proper germ cell differentiation and maturation require tight regulation of hormonal signals, cellular signaling pathways, and cell biological processes. The acrosome is a lysosome-related organelle at the anterior of the sperm head that contains enzymes and receptors essential for egg-sperm recognition and fusion. Even though several factors crucial for acrosome biogenesis have been discovered, the precise molecular mechanism of pro-acrosomal vesicle formation and fusion is not yet known. In this study, we investigated the role of the insulin inhibitory receptor (inceptor) in acrosome formation. Inceptor is a single-pass transmembrane protein with similarities to mannose-6-phosphate receptors (M6PR). Inceptor knockout male mice are infertile due to malformations in the acrosome and defects in the nuclear shape of spermatozoa. We show that inceptor is expressed in early spermatids and mainly localizes to vesicles between the Golgi apparatus and acrosome. Here we show that inceptor is an essential factor in the intracellular transport of trans-Golgi network-derived vesicles which deliver acrosomal cargo in maturing spermatids. The absence of inceptor results in vesicle-fusion defects, acrosomal malformation, and male infertility. These findings support our hypothesis of inceptor as a universal lysosomal or lysosome-related organelle sorting receptor expressed in several secretory tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bilekova
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Balma Garcia-Colomer
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alberto Cebrian-Serrano
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Silvia Schirge
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karsten Krey
- School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Sterr
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kurth
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technology Platform, Core Facility Electron Microscopy and Histology, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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10
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Subedi P, Huber K, Sterr C, Dietz A, Strasser L, Kaestle F, Hauck SM, Duchrow L, Aldrian C, Monroy Ordonez EB, Luka B, Thomsen AR, Henke M, Gomolka M, Rößler U, Azimzadeh O, Moertl S, Hornhardt S. Towards unravelling biological mechanisms behind radiation-induced oral mucositis via mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1180642. [PMID: 37384298 PMCID: PMC10298177 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1180642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Head and neck cancer (HNC) accounts for almost 890,000 new cases per year. Radiotherapy (RT) is used to treat the majority of these patients. A common side-effect of RT is the onset of oral mucositis, which decreases the quality of life and represents the major dose-limiting factor in RT. To understand the origin of oral mucositis, the biological mechanisms post-ionizing radiation (IR) need to be clarified. Such knowledge is valuable to develop new treatment targets for oral mucositis and markers for the early identification of "at-risk" patients. Methods Primary keratinocytes from healthy volunteers were biopsied, irradiated in vitro (0 and 6 Gy), and subjected to mass spectrometry-based analyses 96 h after irradiation. Web-based tools were used to predict triggered biological pathways. The results were validated in the OKF6 cell culture model. Immunoblotting and mRNA validation was performed and cytokines present in cell culture media post-IR were quantified. Results Mass spectrometry-based proteomics identified 5879 proteins in primary keratinocytes and 4597 proteins in OKF6 cells. Amongst them, 212 proteins in primary keratinocytes and 169 proteins in OKF6 cells were differentially abundant 96 h after 6 Gy irradiation compared to sham-irradiated controls. In silico pathway enrichment analysis predicted interferon (IFN) response and DNA strand elongation pathways as mostly affected pathways in both cell systems. Immunoblot validations showed a decrease in minichromosome maintenance (MCM) complex proteins 2-7 and an increase in IFN-associated proteins STAT1 and ISG15. In line with affected IFN signalling, mRNA levels of IFNβ and interleukin 6 (IL-6) increased significantly following irradiation and also levels of secreted IL-1β, IL-6, IP-10, and ISG15 were elevated. Conclusion This study has investigated biological mechanisms in keratinocytes post-in vitro ionizing radiation. A common radiation signature in keratinocytes was identified. The role of IFN response in keratinocytes along with increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and proteins could hint towards a possible mechanism for oral mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabal Subedi
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Huber
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Sterr
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anne Dietz
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Strasser
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Felix Kaestle
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas Duchrow
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christine Aldrian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elsa Beatriz Monroy Ordonez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Luka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas R. Thomsen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Henke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Gomolka
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ute Rößler
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Omid Azimzadeh
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Simone Moertl
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Hornhardt
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
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11
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Kastlmeier MT, Gonzalez-Rodriguez E, Cabanis P, Guenther EM, König AC, Han L, Hauck SM, See F, Asgharpour S, Bukas C, Burgstaller G, Piraud M, Lehmann M, Hatz RA, Behr J, Stoeger T, Hilgendorff A, Voss C. Cytokine signaling converging on IL11 in ILD fibroblasts provokes aberrant epithelial differentiation signatures. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1128239. [PMID: 37266432 PMCID: PMC10230276 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1128239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a heterogenous group of lung disorders where destruction and incomplete regeneration of the lung parenchyma often results in persistent architectural distortion of the pulmonary scaffold. Continuous mesenchyme-centered, disease-relevant signaling likely initiates and perpetuates the fibrotic remodeling process, specifically targeting the epithelial cell compartment, thereby destroying the gas exchange area. Methods With the aim of identifying functional mediators of the lung mesenchymal-epithelial crosstalk with potential as new targets for therapeutic strategies, we developed a 3D organoid co-culture model based on human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived alveolar epithelial type 2 cells that form alveolar organoids in presence of lung fibroblasts from fibrotic-ILD patients, in our study referring to cases of pulmonary fibrosis, as well as control cell line (IMR-90). Results While organoid formation capacity and size was comparable in the presence of fibrotic-ILD or control lung fibroblasts, metabolic activity was significantly increased in fibrotic-ILD co-cultures. Alveolar organoids cultured with fibrotic-ILD fibroblasts further demonstrated reduced stem cell function as reflected by reduced Surfactant Protein C gene expression together with an aberrant basaloid-prone differentiation program indicated by elevated Cadherin 2, Bone Morphogenic Protein 4 and Vimentin transcription. To screen for key mediators of the misguided mesenchymal-to-epithelial crosstalk with a focus on disease-relevant inflammatory processes, we used mass spectrometry and characterized the secretome of end stage fibrotic-ILD lung fibroblasts in comparison to non-chronic lung disease (CLD) patient fibroblasts. Out of the over 2000 proteins detected by this experimental approach, 47 proteins were differentially abundant comparing fibrotic-ILD and non-CLD fibroblast secretome. The fibrotic-ILD secretome profile was dominated by chemokines, including CXCL1, CXCL3, and CXCL8, interfering with growth factor signaling orchestrated by Interleukin 11 (IL11), steering fibrogenic cell-cell communication, and proteins regulating extracellular matrix remodeling including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. When in turn treating alveolar organoids with IL11, we recapitulated the co-culture results obtained with primary fibrotic-ILD fibroblasts including changes in metabolic activity. Conclusion We identified mediators likely contributing to the disease-perpetuating mesenchymal-to-epithelial crosstalk in ILD. In our alveolar organoid co-cultures, we were able to highlight the importance of fibroblast-initiated aberrant epithelial differentiation and confirmed IL11 as a key player in fibrotic-ILD pathogenesis by unbiased fibroblast secretome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam T. Kastlmeier
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich with the CPC-M bioArchive, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Erika Gonzalez-Rodriguez
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich with the CPC-M bioArchive, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Phoebe Cabanis
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich with the CPC-M bioArchive, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Eva M. Guenther
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich with the CPC-M bioArchive, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine König
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core (MPC), Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Lianyong Han
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich with the CPC-M bioArchive, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core (MPC), Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Fenja See
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich with the CPC-M bioArchive, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Sara Asgharpour
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich with the CPC-M bioArchive, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Bukas
- Helmholtz AI, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Gerald Burgstaller
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich with the CPC-M bioArchive, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Marie Piraud
- Helmholtz AI, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Mareike Lehmann
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich with the CPC-M bioArchive, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Lung Research, Philipps-University Marburg, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf A. Hatz
- Klinik für Thoraxchirurgie, Asklepios Fachkliniken München-Gauting, Thoraxchirurgie, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Behr
- Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich with the CPC-M bioArchive, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Hilgendorff
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich with the CPC-M bioArchive, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Dr. von Haunersche Children’s Hospital, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Carola Voss
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich with the CPC-M bioArchive, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
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12
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Csordás IB, Rutten EA, Szatmári T, Subedi P, Cruz-Garcia L, Kis D, Jezsó B, Toerne CV, Forgács M, Sáfrány G, Tapio S, Badie C, Lumniczky K. The miRNA Content of Bone Marrow-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Contributes to Protein Pathway Alterations Involved in Ionising Radiation-Induced Bystander Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108607. [PMID: 37239971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their cargo, are important mediators of bystander responses in the irradiated bone marrow (BM). MiRNAs carried by EVs can potentially alter cellular pathways in EV-recipient cells by regulating their protein content. Using the CBA/Ca mouse model, we characterised the miRNA content of BM-derived EVs from mice irradiated with 0.1 Gy or 3 Gy using an nCounter analysis system. We also analysed proteomic changes in BM cells either directly irradiated or treated with EVs derived from the BM of irradiated mice. Our aim was to identify key cellular processes in the EV-acceptor cells regulated by miRNAs. The irradiation of BM cells with 0.1 Gy led to protein alterations involved in oxidative stress and immune and inflammatory processes. Oxidative stress-related pathways were also present in BM cells treated with EVs isolated from 0.1 Gy-irradiated mice, indicating the propagation of oxidative stress in a bystander manner. The irradiation of BM cells with 3 Gy led to protein pathway alterations involved in the DNA damage response, metabolism, cell death and immune and inflammatory processes. The majority of these pathways were also altered in BM cells treated with EVs from mice irradiated with 3 Gy. Certain pathways (cell cycle, acute and chronic myeloid leukaemia) regulated by miRNAs differentially expressed in EVs isolated from mice irradiated with 3 Gy overlapped with protein pathway alterations in BM cells treated with 3 Gy EVs. Six miRNAs were involved in these common pathways interacting with 11 proteins, suggesting the involvement of miRNAs in the EV-mediated bystander processes. In conclusion, we characterised proteomic changes in directly irradiated and EV-treated BM cells, identified processes transmitted in a bystander manner and suggested miRNA and protein candidates potentially involved in the regulation of these bystander processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Barbara Csordás
- Unit of Radiation Medicine, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Pathological Sciences, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eric Andreas Rutten
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Tünde Szatmári
- Unit of Radiation Medicine, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Prabal Subedi
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), 80939 München, Germany
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Lourdes Cruz-Garcia
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Dávid Kis
- Unit of Radiation Medicine, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Pathological Sciences, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Jezsó
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1053 Budapest, Hungary
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christine von Toerne
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), 80939 München, Germany
| | - Martina Forgács
- Unit of Radiation Medicine, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Géza Sáfrány
- Unit of Radiation Medicine, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Soile Tapio
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), 80939 München, Germany
| | - Christophe Badie
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Katalin Lumniczky
- Unit of Radiation Medicine, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
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13
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Eastlake K, Luis J, Wang W, Lamb W, Khaw PT, Limb GA. Transcriptomics of CD29 +/CD44 + cells isolated from hPSC retinal organoids reveals a single cell population with retinal progenitor and Müller glia characteristics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5081. [PMID: 36977817 PMCID: PMC10050419 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32058-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Müller glia play very important and diverse roles in retinal homeostasis and disease. Although much is known of the physiological and morphological properties of mammalian Müller glia, there is still the need to further understand the profile of these cells during human retinal development. Using human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal organoids, we investigated the transcriptomic profiles of CD29+/CD44+ cells isolated from early and late stages of organoid development. Data showed that these cells express classic markers of retinal progenitors and Müller glia, including NFIX, RAX, PAX6, VSX2, HES1, WNT2B, SOX, NR2F1/2, ASCL1 and VIM, as early as days 10-20 after initiation of retinal differentiation. Expression of genes upregulated in CD29+/CD44+ cells isolated at later stages of organoid development (days 50-90), including NEUROG1, VSX2 and ASCL1 were gradually increased as retinal organoid maturation progressed. Based on the current observations that CD24+/CD44+ cells share the characteristics of early and late-stage retinal progenitors as well as of mature Müller glia, we propose that these cells constitute a single cell population that upon exposure to developmental cues regulates its gene expression to adapt to functions exerted by Müller glia in the postnatal and mature retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Eastlake
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.
| | - Joshua Luis
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Weixin Wang
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - William Lamb
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Peng T Khaw
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - G Astrid Limb
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.
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14
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Vedula P, Fina ME, Bell BA, Nikonov SS, Kashina A, Dong DW. β -actin is essential for structural integrity and physiological function of the retina. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.27.534392. [PMID: 37034790 PMCID: PMC10081178 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.27.534392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Lack of non-muscle β -actin gene (Actb) leads to early embryonic lethality in mice, however mice with β - to γ -actin replacement develop normally and show no detectable phenotypes at young age. Here we investigated the effect of this replacement in the retina. During aging, these mice have accelerated de-generation of retinal structure and function, including elongated microvilli and defective mitochondria of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), abnormally bulging photoreceptor outer segments (OS) accompanied by reduced transducin concentration and light sensitivity, and accumulation of autofluorescent microglia cells in the subretinal space between RPE and OS. These defects are accompanied by changes in the F-actin binding of several key actin interacting partners, including ezrin, myosin, talin, and vinculin known to play central roles in modulating actin cytoskeleton and cell adhesion and mediating the phagocytosis of OS. Our data show that β -actin protein is essential for maintaining normal retinal structure and function.
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15
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Schilloks MC, Giese IM, Hinrichs A, Korbonits L, Hauck SM, Wolf E, Deeg CA. Effects of GHR Deficiency and Juvenile Hypoglycemia on Immune Cells of a Porcine Model for Laron Syndrome. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040597. [PMID: 37189345 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Laron syndrome (LS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by low levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and high levels of growth hormone (GH) due to mutations in the growth hormone receptor gene (GHR). A GHR-knockout (GHR-KO) pig was developed as a model for LS, which displays many of the same features as humans with LS-like transient juvenile hypoglycemia. This study aimed to investigate the effects of impaired GHR signaling on immune functions and immunometabolism in GHR-KO pigs. GHR are located on various cell types of the immune system. Therefore, we investigated lymphocyte subsets, proliferative and respiratory capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), proteome profiles of CD4− and CD4+ lymphocytes and IFN-α serum levels between wild-type (WT) controls and GHR-KO pigs, which revealed significant differences in the relative proportion of the CD4+CD8α− subpopulation and in IFN-α levels. We detected no significant difference in the respiratory capacity and the capacity for polyclonal stimulation in PBMCs between the two groups. But proteome analysis of CD4+ and CD4− lymphocyte populations revealed multiple significant protein abundance differences between GHR-KO and WT pigs, involving pathways related to amino acid metabolism, beta-oxidation of fatty acids, insulin secretion signaling, and oxidative phosphorylation. This study highlights the potential use of GHR-KO pigs as a model for studying the effects of impaired GHR signaling on immune functions.
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16
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Spella M, Ntaliarda G, Skiadas G, Lamort AS, Vreka M, Marazioti A, Lilis I, Bouloukou E, Giotopoulou GA, Pepe MAA, Weiss SAI, Petrera A, Hauck SM, Koch I, Lindner M, Hatz RA, Behr J, Arendt KAM, Giopanou I, Brunn D, Savai R, Jenne DE, de Château M, Yull FE, Blackwell TS, Stathopoulos GT. Non-Oncogene Addiction of KRAS-Mutant Cancers to IL-1β via Versican and Mononuclear IKKβ. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1866. [PMID: 36980752 PMCID: PMC10047096 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS)-mutant cancers are frequent, metastatic, lethal, and largely undruggable. While interleukin (IL)-1β and nuclear factor (NF)-κB inhibition hold promise against cancer, untargeted treatments are not effective. Here, we show that human KRAS-mutant cancers are addicted to IL-1β via inflammatory versican signaling to macrophage inhibitor of NF-κB kinase (IKK) β. Human pan-cancer and experimental NF-κB reporter, transcriptome, and proteome screens reveal that KRAS-mutant tumors trigger macrophage IKKβ activation and IL-1β release via secretory versican. Tumor-specific versican silencing and macrophage-restricted IKKβ deletion prevents myeloid NF-κB activation and metastasis. Versican and IKKβ are mutually addicted and/or overexpressed in human cancers and possess diagnostic and prognostic power. Non-oncogene KRAS/IL-1β addiction is abolished by IL-1β and TLR1/2 inhibition, indicating cardinal and actionable roles for versican and IKKβ in metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Spella
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Giannoula Ntaliarda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Georgios Skiadas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Anne-Sophie Lamort
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Malamati Vreka
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Antonia Marazioti
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ioannis Lilis
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Eleni Bouloukou
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Georgia A. Giotopoulou
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Mario A. A. Pepe
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie A. I. Weiss
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Agnese Petrera
- Research Unit Protein Science-Core Facility Proteomics, Helmholtz Center Munich–German Research Center for Environmental Health, 80939 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science-Core Facility Proteomics, Helmholtz Center Munich–German Research Center for Environmental Health, 80939 Munich, Germany
| | - Ina Koch
- Center for Thoracic Surgery Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich and Asklepios Medical Center, 82131 Gauting, Germany
| | - Michael Lindner
- Center for Thoracic Surgery Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich and Asklepios Medical Center, 82131 Gauting, Germany
| | - Rudolph A. Hatz
- Center for Thoracic Surgery Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich and Asklepios Medical Center, 82131 Gauting, Germany
| | - Juergen Behr
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Ludwig-Maximilian-University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Kristina A. M. Arendt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ioanna Giopanou
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - David Brunn
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Dieter E. Jenne
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, 82152 Planegg, Germany
| | | | - Fiona E. Yull
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Timothy S. Blackwell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Georgios T. Stathopoulos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
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17
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Weiβ M, Chanou A, Schauer T, Tvardovskiy A, Meiser S, König AC, Schmidt T, Kruse E, Ummethum H, Trauner M, Werner M, Lalonde M, Hauck SM, Scialdone A, Hamperl S. Single-copy locus proteomics of early- and late-firing DNA replication origins identifies a role of Ask1/DASH complex in replication timing control. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112045. [PMID: 36701236 PMCID: PMC9989823 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The chromatin environment at origins of replication is thought to influence DNA replication initiation in eukaryotic genomes. However, it remains unclear how and which chromatin features control the firing of early-efficient (EE) or late-inefficient (LI) origins. Here, we use site-specific recombination and single-locus chromatin isolation to purify EE and LI replication origins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Using mass spectrometry, we define the protein composition of native chromatin regions surrounding the EE and LI replication start sites. In addition to known origin interactors, we find the microtubule-binding Ask1/DASH complex as an origin-regulating factor. Strikingly, tethering of Ask1 to individual origin sites advances replication timing (RT) of the targeted chromosomal domain. Targeted degradation of Ask1 globally changes RT of a subset of origins, which can be reproduced by inhibiting microtubule dynamics. Thus, our findings mechanistically connect RT and chromosomal organization via Ask1/DASH with the microtubule cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Weiβ
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Anna Chanou
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Tamas Schauer
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Andrey Tvardovskiy
- Institute of Functional Epigenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Meiser
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 81377 München, Germany; Institute of Functional Epigenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine König
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Center for Environmental Health, Heidemannstrasse 1, 80939 München, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmidt
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kruse
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Henning Ummethum
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Manuel Trauner
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Marcel Werner
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Maxime Lalonde
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Center for Environmental Health, Heidemannstrasse 1, 80939 München, Germany
| | - Antonio Scialdone
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 81377 München, Germany; Institute of Functional Epigenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Hamperl
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 81377 München, Germany.
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18
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Adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles increase insulin secretion through transport of insulinotropic protein cargo. Nat Commun 2023; 14:709. [PMID: 36759608 PMCID: PMC9911726 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36148-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (AdEVs) are membranous nanoparticles that convey communication from adipose tissue to other organs. Here, to delineate their role as messengers with glucoregulatory nature, we paired fluorescence AdEV-tracing and SILAC-labeling with (phospho)proteomics, and revealed that AdEVs transfer functional insulinotropic protein cargo into pancreatic β-cells. Upon transfer, AdEV proteins were subjects for phosphorylation, augmented insulinotropic GPCR/cAMP/PKA signaling by increasing total protein abundances and phosphosite dynamics, and ultimately enhanced 1st-phase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in murine islets. Notably, insulinotropic effects were restricted to AdEVs isolated from obese and insulin resistant, but not lean mice, which was consistent with differential protein loads and AdEV luminal morphologies. Likewise, in vivo pre-treatment with AdEVs from obese but not lean mice amplified insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in mice. This data suggests that secreted AdEVs can inform pancreatic β-cells about insulin resistance in adipose tissue in order to amplify GSIS in times of increased insulin demand.
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19
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Kaplan L, Drexler C, Pfaller AM, Brenna S, Wunderlich KA, Dimitracopoulos A, Merl-Pham J, Perez MT, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Enzmann V, Samardzija M, Puig B, Fuchs P, Franze K, Hauck SM, Grosche A. Retinal regions shape human and murine Müller cell proteome profile and functionality. Glia 2023; 71:391-414. [PMID: 36334068 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The human macula is a highly specialized retinal region with pit-like morphology and rich in cones. How Müller cells, the principal glial cell type in the retina, are adapted to this environment is still poorly understood. We compared proteomic data from cone- and rod-rich retinae from human and mice and identified different expression profiles of cone- and rod-associated Müller cells that converged on pathways representing extracellular matrix and cell adhesion. In particular, epiplakin (EPPK1), which is thought to play a role in intermediate filament organization, was highly expressed in macular Müller cells. Furthermore, EPPK1 knockout in a human Müller cell-derived cell line led to a decrease in traction forces as well as to changes in cell size, shape, and filopodia characteristics. We here identified EPPK1 as a central molecular player in the region-specific architecture of the human retina, which likely enables specific functions under the immense mechanical loads in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lew Kaplan
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Corinne Drexler
- Max Perutz Labs, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna, Austria.,Vienna Biocenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna M Pfaller
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Santra Brenna
- Neurology Department, Experimental Research in Stroke and Inflammation (ERSI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kirsten A Wunderlich
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Dimitracopoulos
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Juliane Merl-Pham
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maria-Theresa Perez
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Ophthalmology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,NanoLund, Nanometer Structure Consortium, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Volker Enzmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marijana Samardzija
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Berta Puig
- Neurology Department, Experimental Research in Stroke and Inflammation (ERSI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Fuchs
- Max Perutz Labs, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristian Franze
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Antje Grosche
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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20
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Molitor L, Klostermann M, Bacher S, Merl-Pham J, Spranger N, Burczyk S, Ketteler C, Rusha E, Tews D, Pertek A, Proske M, Busch A, Reschke S, Feederle R, Hauck S, Blum H, Drukker M, Fischer-Posovszky P, König J, Zarnack K, Niessing D. Depletion of the RNA-binding protein PURA triggers changes in posttranscriptional gene regulation and loss of P-bodies. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:1297-1316. [PMID: 36651277 PMCID: PMC9943675 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac1237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein PURA has been implicated in the rare, monogenetic, neurodevelopmental disorder PURA Syndrome. PURA binds both DNA and RNA and has been associated with various cellular functions. Only little is known about its main cellular roles and the molecular pathways affected upon PURA depletion. Here, we show that PURA is predominantly located in the cytoplasm, where it binds to thousands of mRNAs. Many of these transcripts change abundance in response to PURA depletion. The encoded proteins suggest a role for PURA in immune responses, mitochondrial function, autophagy and processing (P)-body activity. Intriguingly, reduced PURA levels decrease the expression of the integral P-body components LSM14A and DDX6 and strongly affect P-body formation in human cells. Furthermore, PURA knockdown results in stabilization of P-body-enriched transcripts, whereas other mRNAs are not affected. Hence, reduced PURA levels, as reported in patients with PURA Syndrome, influence the formation and composition of this phase-separated RNA processing machinery. Our study proposes PURA Syndrome as a new model to study the tight connection between P-body-associated RNA regulation and neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sabrina Bacher
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juliane Merl-Pham
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nadine Spranger
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Burczyk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Carolin Ketteler
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ejona Rusha
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Core Facility, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Tews
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89070 Ulm, Germany
| | - Anna Pertek
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Core Facility, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Proske
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany,Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Anke Busch
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sarah Reschke
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Regina Feederle
- Monoclonal Antibody Core Facility, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Helmut Blum
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Micha Drukker
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany,Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pamela Fischer-Posovszky
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89070 Ulm, Germany
| | - Julian König
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kathi Zarnack
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Kathi Zarnack. Tel: +49 69 798 42506; Fax: +49 69 798 763 42506;
| | - Dierk Niessing
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +49 731 50 23160; Fax: +49 731 50 23169;
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21
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Križaj D, Cordeiro S, Strauß O. Retinal TRP channels: Cell-type-specific regulators of retinal homeostasis and multimodal integration. Prog Retin Eye Res 2023; 92:101114. [PMID: 36163161 PMCID: PMC9897210 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are a widely expressed family of 28 evolutionarily conserved cationic ion channels that operate as primary detectors of chemical and physical stimuli and secondary effectors of metabotropic and ionotropic receptors. In vertebrates, the channels are grouped into six related families: TRPC, TRPV, TRPM, TRPA, TRPML, and TRPP. As sensory transducers, TRP channels are ubiquitously expressed across the body and the CNS, mediating critical functions in mechanosensation, nociception, chemosensing, thermosensing, and phototransduction. This article surveys current knowledge about the expression and function of the TRP family in vertebrate retinas, which, while dedicated to transduction and transmission of visual information, are highly susceptible to non-visual stimuli. Every retinal cell expresses multiple TRP subunits, with recent evidence establishing their critical roles in paradigmatic aspects of vertebrate vision that include TRPM1-dependent transduction of ON bipolar signaling, TRPC6/7-mediated ganglion cell phototransduction, TRP/TRPL phototransduction in Drosophila and TRPV4-dependent osmoregulation, mechanotransduction, and regulation of inner and outer blood-retina barriers. TRP channels tune light-dependent and independent functions of retinal circuits by modulating the intracellular concentration of the 2nd messenger calcium, with emerging evidence implicating specific subunits in the pathogenesis of debilitating diseases such as glaucoma, ocular trauma, diabetic retinopathy, and ischemia. Elucidation of TRP channel involvement in retinal biology will yield rewards in terms of fundamental understanding of vertebrate vision and therapeutic targeting to treat diseases caused by channel dysfunction or over-activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Križaj
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurobiology, and Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Soenke Cordeiro
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Germany
| | - Olaf Strauß
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a Corporate Member of Freie Universität, Humboldt-University, The Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
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22
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Chucair-Elliott AJ, Ocañas SR, Pham K, Van Der Veldt M, Cheyney A, Stanford D, Gurley J, Elliott MH, Freeman WM. Translatomic response of retinal Müller glia to acute and chronic stress. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 175:105931. [PMID: 36423879 PMCID: PMC9875566 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of retina cell type-specific epigenetic and transcriptomic signatures is crucial to understanding the pathophysiology of retinal degenerations such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and delineating cell autonomous and cell-non-autonomous mechanisms. We have discovered that Aldh1l1 is specifically expressed in the major macroglia of the retina, Müller glia, and, unlike the brain, is not expressed in retinal astrocytes. This allows use of Aldh1l1 cre drivers and Nuclear Tagging and Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification (NuTRAP) constructs for temporally controlled labeling and paired analysis of Müller glia epigenomes and translatomes. As validated through a variety of approaches, the Aldh1l1cre/ERT2-NuTRAP model provides Müller glia specific translatomic and epigenomic profiles without the need to isolate whole cells. Application of this approach to models of acute injury (optic nerve crush) and chronic stress (aging) uncovered few common Müller glia-specific transcriptome changes in inflammatory pathways, and mostly differential signatures for each stimulus. The expression of members of the IL-6 and integrin-linked kinase signaling pathways was enhanced in Müller glia in response to optic nerve crush but not aging. Unique changes in neuroinflammation and fibrosis signaling pathways were observed in response to aging but not with optic nerve crush. The Aldh1l1cre/ERT2-NuTRAP model allows focused molecular analyses of a single, minority cell type within the retina, providing more substantial effect sizes than whole tissue analyses. The NuTRAP model, nucleic acid isolation, and validation approaches presented here can be applied to any retina cell type for which a cell type-specific cre is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana J. Chucair-Elliott
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA,Corresponding authors at: Genes & Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA. (A.J. Chucair-Elliott), (W.M. Freeman)
| | - Sarah R. Ocañas
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA,Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kevin Pham
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Michael Van Der Veldt
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ashley Cheyney
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA,Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - David Stanford
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jami Gurley
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Michael H. Elliott
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Willard M. Freeman
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA,Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA,Corresponding authors at: Genes & Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA. (A.J. Chucair-Elliott), (W.M. Freeman)
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23
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Ren X, Léveillard T. Modulating antioxidant systems as a therapeutic approach to retinal degeneration. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102510. [PMID: 36274523 PMCID: PMC9596747 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The human retina is facing a big challenge of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from endogenous and exogenous sources. Excessive ROS can cause damage to DNA, lipids, and proteins, triggering abnormal redox signaling, and ultimately lead to cell death. Thus, oxidative stress has been observed in inherited retinal diseases as a common hallmark. To counteract the detrimental effect of ROS, cells are equipped with various antioxidant defenses. In this review, we will focus on the antioxidant systems in the retina and how they can protect retina from oxidative stress. Both small antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes play a role in ROS removal. Particularly, the thioredoxin and glutaredoxin systems, as the major antioxidant systems in mammalian cells, exert functions in redox signaling regulation via modifying cysteines in proteins. In addition, the thioredoxin-like rod-derived cone viability factor (RdCVFL) and thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) can modulate metabolism in photoreceptors and promote their survival. In conclusion, elevating the antioxidant capacity in retina is a promising therapy to curb the progress of inherited retinal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Ren
- Department of Genetics, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France; Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.
| | - Thierry Léveillard
- Department of Genetics, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France.
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24
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André da Silva R, Moraes de Paiva Roda V, Philipe de Souza Ferreira L, Oliani SM, Paula Girol A, Gil CD. Annexins as potential targets in ocular diseases. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:103367. [PMID: 36165812 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Annexins (AnxAs) are Ca2+/phospholipid-binding proteins extensively studied and generally involved in several diseases. Although evidence exists regarding the distribuition of AnxAs in the visual system, their exact roles and the exact cell types of the eye where these proteins are expressed are not well-understood. AnxAs have pro-resolving roles in infectious, autoimmune, degenerative, fibrotic and angiogenic conditions, making them an important target in ocular tissue homeostasis. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the distribution and function of AnxA1-8 isoforms under normal and pathological conditions in the visual system, as well as perspectives for ophthalmologic treatments, including the potential use of the AnxA1 recombinant and/or its mimetic peptide Ac2-26.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael André da Silva
- Biosciences Graduate Program, Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Moraes de Paiva Roda
- Life Systems Biology Graduate Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Luiz Philipe de Souza Ferreira
- Structural and Functional Biology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Sonia M Oliani
- Biosciences Graduate Program, Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil; Structural and Functional Biology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04023-900, Brazil; Advanced Research Center in Medicine (CEPAM) Unilago, São José do Rio Preto, SP 15030-070, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Girol
- Biosciences Graduate Program, Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil; Structural and Functional Biology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04023-900, Brazil; Centro Universitário Padre Albino (UNIFIPA), Catanduva, SP 15809-144, Brazil
| | - Cristiane D Gil
- Biosciences Graduate Program, Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil; Structural and Functional Biology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04023-900, Brazil.
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25
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Demais V, Pohl A, Wunderlich KA, Pfaller AM, Kaplan L, Barthélémy A, Dittrich R, Puig B, Giebel B, Hauck SM, Pfrieger FW, Grosche A. Release of VAMP5-positive extracellular vesicles by retinal Müller glia in vivo. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12254. [PMID: 36043482 PMCID: PMC9428896 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-cell interactions in the central nervous system are based on the release of molecules mediating signal exchange and providing structural and trophic support through vesicular exocytosis and the formation of extracellular vesicles. The specific mechanisms employed by each cell type in the brain are incompletely understood. Here, we explored the means of communication used by Müller cells, a type of radial glial cells in the retina, which forms part of the central nervous system. Using immunohistochemical, electron microscopic, and molecular analyses, we provide evidence for the release of distinct extracellular vesicles from endfeet and microvilli of retinal Müller cells in adult mice in vivo. We identify VAMP5 as a Müller cell-specific SNARE component that is part of extracellular vesicles and responsive to ischemia, and we reveal differences between the secretomes of immunoaffinity-purified Müller cells and neurons in vitro. Our findings suggest extracellular vesicle-based communication as an important mediator of cellular interactions in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Demais
- Plateforme Imagerie In Vitro, CNRS UAR 3156, Neuropôle, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Pohl
- Department of Physiological Genomics, BioMedical Center BMC, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kirsten A Wunderlich
- Department of Physiological Genomics, BioMedical Center BMC, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Anna M Pfaller
- Department of Physiological Genomics, BioMedical Center BMC, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Lew Kaplan
- Department of Physiological Genomics, BioMedical Center BMC, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Amelie Barthélémy
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Robin Dittrich
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Berta Puig
- Neurology Department, Experimental Research in Stroke and Inflammation (ERSI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core and Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Frank W Pfrieger
- Plateforme Imagerie In Vitro, CNRS UAR 3156, Neuropôle, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Antje Grosche
- Department of Physiological Genomics, BioMedical Center BMC, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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26
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Nagel-Wolfrum K, Fadl BR, Becker MM, Wunderlich KA, Schäfer J, Sturm D, Fritze J, Gür B, Kaplan L, Andreani T, Goldmann T, Brooks M, Starostik MR, Lokhande A, Apel M, Fath KR, Stingl K, Kohl S, DeAngelis MM, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Kim IK, Owen LA, Vetter JM, Pfeiffer N, Andrade-Navarro MA, Grosche A, Swaroop A, Wolfrum U. Expression and subcellular localization of USH1C/harmonin in human retina provides insights into pathomechanisms and therapy. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 32:431-449. [PMID: 35997788 PMCID: PMC9851744 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is the most common form of hereditary deaf-blindness in humans. USH is a complex genetic disorder, assigned to three clinical subtypes differing in onset, course and severity, with USH1 being the most severe. Rodent USH1 models do not reflect the ocular phenotype observed in human patients to date; hence, little is known about the pathophysiology of USH1 in the human eye. One of the USH1 genes, USH1C, exhibits extensive alternative splicing and encodes numerous harmonin protein isoforms that function as scaffolds for organizing the USH interactome. RNA-seq analysis of human retinae uncovered harmonin_a1 as the most abundant transcript of USH1C. Bulk RNA-seq analysis and immunoblotting showed abundant expression of harmonin in Müller glia cells (MGCs) and retinal neurons. Furthermore, harmonin was localized in the terminal endfeet and apical microvilli of MGCs, presynaptic region (pedicle) of cones and outer segments (OS) of rods as well as at adhesive junctions between MGCs and photoreceptor cells (PRCs) in the outer limiting membrane (OLM). Our data provide evidence for the interaction of harmonin with OLM molecules in PRCs and MGCs and rhodopsin in PRCs. Subcellular expression and colocalization of harmonin correlate with the clinical phenotype observed in USH1C patients. We also demonstrate that primary cilia defects in USH1C patient-derived fibroblasts could be reverted by the delivery of harmonin_a1 transcript isoform. Our studies thus provide novel insights into PRC cell biology, USH1C pathophysiology and development of gene therapy treatment(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Nagel-Wolfrum
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany,Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Benjamin R Fadl
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany,Neurobiology, Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mirjana M Becker
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Jessica Schäfer
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Sturm
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany,Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jacques Fritze
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Burcu Gür
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lew Kaplan
- Department of Physiological Genomics, BioMedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | | | - Tobias Goldmann
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthew Brooks
- Neurobiology, Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Anagha Lokhande
- Neurobiology, Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Melissa Apel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Karl R Fath
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany,Department of Biology, Queens College of CUNY, Kissena Blvd, Flushing, NY 11367, USA
| | - Katarina Stingl
- University Eye Hospital, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tubingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Kohl
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tubingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany
| | - Margaret M DeAngelis
- Department of Ophthalmology and Ira G. Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Buffalo, NY 14209, USA
| | | | - Ivana K Kim
- Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Leah A Owen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Jan M Vetter
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Miguel A Andrade-Navarro
- Computational Biology and Data Mining, Institute of Organismic & Molecular Evolution Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Antje Grosche
- Department of Physiological Genomics, BioMedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Anand Swaroop
- Neurobiology, Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Uwe Wolfrum
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 17, 55128 Mainz, Germany. Tel: +49 6131 392 5148; E-mail:
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27
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Hoffmann ALC, Hauck SM, Deeg CA, Degroote RL. Pre-Activated Granulocytes from an Autoimmune Uveitis Model Show Divergent Pathway Activation Profiles upon IL8 Stimulation In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179555. [PMID: 36076947 PMCID: PMC9455241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the pathophysiology of autoimmune-mediated uveitis, granulocytes have emerged as possible disease mediators and were shown to be pre-activated in equine recurrent uveitis (ERU), a spontaneous disease model. We therefore used granulocytes from ERU horses to identify early molecular mechanisms involved in this dysregulated innate immune response. Primary granulocytes from healthy and ERU horses were stimulated with IL8, and cellular response was analyzed with differential proteomics, which revealed significant differences in protein abundance of 170 proteins in ERU. Subsequent ingenuity pathway analysis identified three activated canonical pathways “PKA signaling”, “PTEN signaling” and “leukocyte extravasation”. Clustered to the leukocyte extravasation pathway, we found the membrane-type GPI-anchored protease MMP25, which was increased in IL8 stimulated ERU granulocytes. These findings point to MMP25 as a possible regulator of granulocyte extravasation in uveitis and a role of this molecule in the impaired integrity of the blood-retina-barrier. In conclusion, our analyses show a clearly divergent reaction profile of pre-activated granulocytes upon IL8 stimulation and provide basic information for further in-depth studies on early granulocyte activation in non-infectious ocular diseases. This may be of interest for the development of new approaches in uveitis diagnostics and therapy. Raw data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD013648.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne L. C. Hoffmann
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-80939 Munich, Germany
| | - Cornelia A. Deeg
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Roxane L. Degroote
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
- Correspondence:
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28
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O'Neill AC, Uzbas F, Antognolli G, Merino F, Draganova K, Jäck A, Zhang S, Pedini G, Schessner JP, Cramer K, Schepers A, Metzger F, Esgleas M, Smialowski P, Guerrini R, Falk S, Feederle R, Freytag S, Wang Z, Bahlo M, Jungmann R, Bagni C, Borner GHH, Robertson SP, Hauck SM, Götz M. Spatial centrosome proteome of human neural cells uncovers disease-relevant heterogeneity. Science 2022; 376:eabf9088. [PMID: 35709258 DOI: 10.1126/science.abf9088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The centrosome provides an intracellular anchor for the cytoskeleton, regulating cell division, cell migration, and cilia formation. We used spatial proteomics to elucidate protein interaction networks at the centrosome of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) and neurons. Centrosome-associated proteins were largely cell type-specific, with protein hubs involved in RNA dynamics. Analysis of neurodevelopmental disease cohorts identified a significant overrepresentation of NSC centrosome proteins with variants in patients with periventricular heterotopia (PH). Expressing the PH-associated mutant pre-mRNA-processing factor 6 (PRPF6) reproduced the periventricular misplacement in the developing mouse brain, highlighting missplicing of transcripts of a microtubule-associated kinase with centrosomal location as essential for the phenotype. Collectively, cell type-specific centrosome interactomes explain how genetic variants in ubiquitous proteins may convey brain-specific phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C O'Neill
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Fatma Uzbas
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Giulia Antognolli
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Florencia Merino
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kalina Draganova
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Alex Jäck
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sirui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Biomedical Big Data Center, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Giorgia Pedini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Kimberly Cramer
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.,Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanoscience, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Aloys Schepers
- Monoclonal Antibody Core Facility, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Metzger
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Miriam Esgleas
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Pawel Smialowski
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Neuroscience Department, Children's Hospital Meyer-University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sven Falk
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Regina Feederle
- Monoclonal Antibody Core Facility, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.,SYNERGY, Excellence Cluster of Systems Neurology, Biomedical Center, LMU, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Saskia Freytag
- Personalised Oncology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Zefeng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Biomedical Big Data Center, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Melanie Bahlo
- Personalised Oncology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ralf Jungmann
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.,Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanoscience, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Bagni
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.,Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Stephen P Robertson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Magdalena Götz
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,SYNERGY, Excellence Cluster of Systems Neurology, Biomedical Center, LMU, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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29
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Zauhar R, Biber J, Jabri Y, Kim M, Hu J, Kaplan L, Pfaller AM, Schäfer N, Enzmann V, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Straub T, Hauck SM, Gamlin PD, McFerrin MB, Messinger J, Strang CE, Curcio CA, Dana N, Pauly D, Grosche A, Li M, Stambolian D. As in Real Estate, Location Matters: Cellular Expression of Complement Varies Between Macular and Peripheral Regions of the Retina and Supporting Tissues. Front Immunol 2022; 13:895519. [PMID: 35784369 PMCID: PMC9240314 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.895519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular events that dictate the initiation of the complement pathway in ocular degeneration, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is poorly understood. Using gene expression analysis (single cell and bulk), mass spectrometry, and immunohistochemistry, we dissected the role of multiple retinal and choroidal cell types in determining the complement homeostasis. Our scRNA-seq data show that the cellular response to early AMD is more robust in the choroid, particularly in fibroblasts, pericytes and endothelial cells. In late AMD, complement changes were more prominent in the retina especially with the expression of the classical pathway initiators. Notably, we found a spatial preference for these differences. Overall, this study provides insights into the heterogeneity of cellular responses for complement expression and the cooperation of neighboring cells to complete the pathway in healthy and AMD eyes. Further, our findings provide new cellular targets for therapies directed at complement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randy Zauhar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Josef Biber
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Yassin Jabri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mijin Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Lew Kaplan
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Anna M. Pfaller
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Nicole Schäfer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Experimental Orthopaedics, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Volker Enzmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Tobias Straub
- Bioinformatics Unit, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core and Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Paul D. Gamlin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Michael B. McFerrin
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jeffrey Messinger
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Christianne E. Strang
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Christine A. Curcio
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Nicholas Dana
- Department of Ophthalmology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Diana Pauly
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Experimental Ophthalmology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Antje Grosche
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Mingyao Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dwight Stambolian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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30
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Grade S, Thomas J, Zarb Y, Thorwirth M, Conzelmann KK, Hauck SM, Götz M. Brain injury environment critically influences the connectivity of transplanted neurons. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabg9445. [PMID: 35687687 PMCID: PMC9187233 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg9445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cell transplantation is a promising approach for the reconstruction of neuronal circuits after brain damage. Transplanted neurons integrate with remarkable specificity into circuitries of the mouse cerebral cortex affected by neuronal ablation. However, it remains unclear how neurons perform in a local environment undergoing reactive gliosis, inflammation, macrophage infiltration, and scar formation, as in traumatic brain injury (TBI). To elucidate this, we transplanted cells from the embryonic mouse cerebral cortex into TBI-injured, inflamed-only, or intact cortex of adult mice. Brain-wide quantitative monosynaptic rabies virus (RABV) tracing unraveled graft inputs from correct regions across the brain in all conditions, with pronounced quantitative differences: scarce in intact and inflamed brain versus exuberant after TBI. In the latter, the initial overshoot is followed by pruning, with only a few input neurons persisting at 3 months. Proteomic profiling identifies candidate molecules for regulation of the synaptic yield, a pivotal parameter to tailor for functional restoration of neuronal circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Grade
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Center for Environmental Health, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Corresponding author. (S.G.); (S.M.H.); (M.G.)
| | - Judith Thomas
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Center for Environmental Health, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neuroscience, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Yvette Zarb
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Center for Environmental Health, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Manja Thorwirth
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Center for Environmental Health, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Karl-Klaus Conzelmann
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute Virology, Medical Faculty and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Corresponding author. (S.G.); (S.M.H.); (M.G.)
| | - Magdalena Götz
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Center for Environmental Health, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- SYNERGY, Excellence Cluster of Systems Neurology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Corresponding author. (S.G.); (S.M.H.); (M.G.)
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Pudding Proteomics: Cyclomaltodextrin Glucanotransferase and Microbial Proteases Can Liquefy Extended Shelf Life Dairy Products. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12030254. [PMID: 35323697 PMCID: PMC8950887 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a lack of stability of dairy products with extended shelf life (e.g., yoghurt products, UHT desserts) has occurred, with the corresponding products liquefying significantly after days or weeks. This project aimed to identify the enzymes responsible for the liquefaction of the affected products based on differential proteomic analyses. No evidence was found for the presence of starch-degrading bacteria in the affected products. With zymography and proteome analysis, we detected the cause of liquefaction in a pudding by contamination of its aroma component with an engineered amylolytic enzyme, cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) from Thermoanaerobacterium thermosulfurigenes. In addition, we detected contamination with Pseudomonas-derived proteolytic ATP-dependent Clp protease in one pudding batch and proteases in technically used amylases, which degraded β-caseins in another batch. Identification of these agents with liquefying properties in dairy products are useful for adjustment of production protocols and/or composition of additives, and thus shelf life extension.
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Pazzaglia S, Tanno B, De Stefano I, Giardullo P, Leonardi S, Merla C, Babini G, Tuncay Cagatay S, Mayah A, Kadhim M, Lyng FM, von Toerne C, Khan ZN, Subedi P, Tapio S, Saran A, Mancuso M. Micro-RNA and Proteomic Profiles of Plasma-Derived Exosomes from Irradiated Mice Reveal Molecular Changes Preventing Apoptosis in Neonatal Cerebellum. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042169. [PMID: 35216284 PMCID: PMC8878539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell communication via exosomes is capable of influencing cell fate in stress situations such as exposure to ionizing radiation. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that exosomes might play a role in out-of-target radiation effects by carrying molecular signaling mediators of radiation damage, as well as opposite protective functions resulting in resistance to radiotherapy. However, a global understanding of exosomes and their radiation-induced regulation, especially within the context of an intact mammalian organism, has been lacking. In this in vivo study, we demonstrate that, compared to sham-irradiated (SI) mice, a distinct pattern of proteins and miRNAs is found packaged into circulating plasma exosomes after whole-body and partial-body irradiation (WBI and PBI) with 2 Gy X-rays. A high number of deregulated proteins (59% of WBI and 67% of PBI) was found in the exosomes of irradiated mice. In total, 57 and 13 miRNAs were deregulated in WBI and PBI groups, respectively, suggesting that the miRNA cargo is influenced by the tissue volume exposed to radiation. In addition, five miRNAs (miR-99b-3p, miR-200a-3p, miR-200a, miR-182-5p, miR-182) were commonly overexpressed in the exosomes from the WBI and PBI groups. In this study, particular emphasis was also given to the determination of the in vivo effect of exosome transfer by intracranial injection in the highly radiosensitive neonatal cerebellum at postnatal day 3. In accordance with a major overall anti-apoptotic function of the commonly deregulated miRNAs, here, we report that exosomes from the plasma of irradiated mice, especially in the case of WBI, prevent radiation-induced apoptosis, thus holding promise for exosome-based future therapeutic applications against radiation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Pazzaglia
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l’Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (B.T.); (I.D.S.); (P.G.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Barbara Tanno
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l’Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (B.T.); (I.D.S.); (P.G.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Ilaria De Stefano
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l’Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (B.T.); (I.D.S.); (P.G.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Paola Giardullo
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l’Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (B.T.); (I.D.S.); (P.G.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Simona Leonardi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l’Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (B.T.); (I.D.S.); (P.G.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Caterina Merla
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l’Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (B.T.); (I.D.S.); (P.G.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Gabriele Babini
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Seda Tuncay Cagatay
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (S.T.C.); (A.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Ammar Mayah
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (S.T.C.); (A.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Munira Kadhim
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (S.T.C.); (A.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Fiona M. Lyng
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin), D07 EWV4 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Christine von Toerne
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Institute of Radiation Biology, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany; (C.v.T.); (Z.N.K.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Zohaib N. Khan
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Institute of Radiation Biology, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany; (C.v.T.); (Z.N.K.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Prabal Subedi
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Institute of Radiation Biology, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany; (C.v.T.); (Z.N.K.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Soile Tapio
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Institute of Radiation Biology, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany; (C.v.T.); (Z.N.K.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Anna Saran
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l’Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (B.T.); (I.D.S.); (P.G.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Mariateresa Mancuso
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l’Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (B.T.); (I.D.S.); (P.G.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (M.M.)
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Kleinwort KJH, Degroote RL, Hirmer S, Korbonits L, Lorenz L, Scholz AM, Hauck SM, Deeg CA. Bovine Peripheral Blood Derived Lymphocyte Proteome and Secretome Show Divergent Reaction of Bovine Immune Phenotypes after Stimulation with Pokeweed Mitogen. Proteomes 2022; 10:proteomes10010007. [PMID: 35225986 PMCID: PMC8883952 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes10010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently identified a deviant bovine immune phenotype characterized by hyperproliferation of lymphocytes after polyclonal stimulation. This phenotype was first discovered in dams that responded to PregSure BVD vaccination by producing pathological antibodies, triggering the fatal disease “bovine neonatal pancytopenia” in calves. The aim of the study was to gain deeper insights into molecular processes occurring in lymphocytes of immune phenotypes and the effect on their secretome after immune stimulation. Two discovery proteomic experiments were performed with unstimulated and Pokeweed Mitogen (PWM) stimulated lymphocytes, using label-free LC-MS/MS. In lymphocytes, 2447 proteins were quantified, and 1204 proteins were quantified in the secretome. Quantitative proteome analysis of immune deviant and control samples after PWM stimulation revealed clear differences. The increase in abundance of IL17A, IL17F, IL8, CCL5, LRRC59, and CLIC4 was higher in controls through mitogenic stimulation. In contrast, the abundance of IFNγ, IL2, IL2RA, CD83, and CD200 increased significantly more in immune deviant lymphocytes. Additional pathway enrichment analysis of differentially secreted proteins also yielded fundamental differences between the immune phenotypes. Our study provides a comprehensive dataset, which gives novel insights into proteome changes of lymphocytes from different bovine immune phenotypes. These differences point to the development of diverse immune responses of bovine immune phenotypes after immune stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina J. H. Kleinwort
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Planegg, Germany; (K.J.H.K.); (R.L.D.); (S.H.); (L.K.); (L.L.)
| | - Roxane L. Degroote
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Planegg, Germany; (K.J.H.K.); (R.L.D.); (S.H.); (L.K.); (L.L.)
| | - Sieglinde Hirmer
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Planegg, Germany; (K.J.H.K.); (R.L.D.); (S.H.); (L.K.); (L.L.)
| | - Lucia Korbonits
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Planegg, Germany; (K.J.H.K.); (R.L.D.); (S.H.); (L.K.); (L.L.)
| | - Lea Lorenz
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Planegg, Germany; (K.J.H.K.); (R.L.D.); (S.H.); (L.K.); (L.L.)
| | - Armin M. Scholz
- Livestock Center of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, D-85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany;
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-80939 Munich, Germany;
| | - Cornelia A. Deeg
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Planegg, Germany; (K.J.H.K.); (R.L.D.); (S.H.); (L.K.); (L.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Albert-Garay JS, Riesgo-Escovar JR, Salceda R. High glucose concentrations induce oxidative stress by inhibiting Nrf2 expression in rat Müller retinal cells in vitro. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1261. [PMID: 35075205 PMCID: PMC8975969 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05284-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes. Several studies have implicated oxidative stress as a fundamental factor in the progression of the disease. The nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is one of the main regulators of redox homeostasis. Glia Müller cells (MC) maintain the structural and functional stability of the retina. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of high glucose concentrations on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and Nrf2 expression levels in rat MC. MC were incubated with normal (NG; 5 mM) or high glucose (HG; 25 mM) for different times. Incubation with HG increased ROS levels from 12 to 48 h but did not affect cell viability. However, exposure to 3 h of HG caused a transient decrease Nrf2 levels. At that time, we also observed a decrease in the mRNA expression of Nrf2 target genes, glutathione levels, and catalase activity, all of which increased significantly beyond initial levels after 48 h of incubation. HG exposure leads to an increase in the p65 subunit of nuclear factor-κB (NF-kB) levels, and its target genes. These results suggest that high glucose concentrations lead to alteration of the redox regulatory capacity of Nrf2 mediated by NF-kB regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Silvestre Albert-Garay
- Departamento de Neurodesarrollo y Fisiología, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - Juan Rafael Riesgo-Escovar
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus UNAM Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 76226, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Rocío Salceda
- Departamento de Neurodesarrollo y Fisiología, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, CDMX, Mexico
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35
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Gerckens M, Schorpp K, Pelizza F, Wögrath M, Reichau K, Ma H, Dworsky AM, Sengupta A, Stoleriu MG, Heinzelmann K, Merl-Pham J, Irmler M, Alsafadi HN, Trenkenschuh E, Sarnova L, Jirouskova M, Frieß W, Hauck SM, Beckers J, Kneidinger N, Behr J, Hilgendorff A, Hadian K, Lindner M, Königshoff M, Eickelberg O, Gregor M, Plettenburg O, Yildirim AÖ, Burgstaller G. Phenotypic drug screening in a human fibrosis model identified a novel class of antifibrotic therapeutics. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabb3673. [PMID: 34936468 PMCID: PMC8694600 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb3673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Fibrogenic processes instigate fatal chronic diseases leading to organ failure and death. Underlying biological processes involve induced massive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) by aberrant fibroblasts. We subjected diseased primary human lung fibroblasts to an advanced three-dimensional phenotypic high-content assay and screened a repurposing drug library of small molecules for inhibiting ECM deposition. Fibrotic Pattern Detection by Artificial Intelligence identified tranilast as an effective inhibitor. Structure-activity relationship studies confirmed N-(2-butoxyphenyl)-3-(phenyl)acrylamides (N23Ps) as a novel and highly potent compound class. N23Ps suppressed myofibroblast transdifferentiation, ECM deposition, cellular contractility, and altered cell shapes, thus advocating a unique mode of action. Mechanistically, transcriptomics identified SMURF2 as a potential therapeutic target network. Antifibrotic activity of N23Ps was verified by proteomics in a human ex vivo tissue fibrosis disease model, suppressing profibrotic markers SERPINE1 and CXCL8. Conclusively, N23Ps are a novel class of highly potent compounds inhibiting organ fibrosis in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gerckens
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Kenji Schorpp
- Assay Development and Screening Platform, Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Francesco Pelizza
- Chemical and Process Engineering, Strathclyde University, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Melanie Wögrath
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich DZL/CPC-M, Munich, Germany
| | - Kora Reichau
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Drug Research (BMWZ), Hannover, Germany
| | - Huilong Ma
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Drug Research (BMWZ), Hannover, Germany
| | - Armando-Marco Dworsky
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich DZL/CPC-M, Munich, Germany
| | - Arunima Sengupta
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Mircea Gabriel Stoleriu
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich DZL/CPC-M, Munich, Germany
- Asklepios Fachkliniken Munich-Gauting, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Heinzelmann
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Juliane Merl-Pham
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Irmler
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hani N. Alsafadi
- CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich DZL/CPC-M, Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eduard Trenkenschuh
- Department of Pharmacy–Center for Drug Research, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximillians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lenka Sarnova
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Jirouskova
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Wolfgang Frieß
- Department of Pharmacy–Center for Drug Research, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximillians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Kneidinger
- CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich DZL/CPC-M, Munich, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Ludwig-Maximillians University of Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Behr
- CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich DZL/CPC-M, Munich, Germany
- Asklepios Fachkliniken Munich-Gauting, Munich, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Ludwig-Maximillians University of Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Hilgendorff
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich DZL/CPC-M, Munich, Germany
| | - Kamyar Hadian
- Assay Development and Screening Platform, Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Lindner
- CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich DZL/CPC-M, Munich, Germany
- Asklepios Fachkliniken Munich-Gauting, Munich, Germany
- Paracelsus Medical Private University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Martin Gregor
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oliver Plettenburg
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Drug Research (BMWZ), Hannover, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ali Önder Yildirim
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Gerald Burgstaller
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich DZL/CPC-M, Munich, Germany
- Corresponding author.
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Schmalen A, Lorenz L, Grosche A, Pauly D, Deeg CA, Hauck SM. Proteomic Phenotyping of Stimulated Müller Cells Uncovers Profound Pro-Inflammatory Signaling and Antigen-Presenting Capacity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:771571. [PMID: 34776983 PMCID: PMC8585775 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.771571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Müller cells are the main macroglial cells of the retina exerting a wealth of functions to maintain retinal homoeostasis. Upon pathological changes in the retina, they become gliotic with both protective and detrimental consequences. Accumulating data also provide evidence for a pivotal role of Müller cells in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). While microglial cells, the resident immune cells of the retina are considered as main players in inflammatory processes associated with DR, the implication of activated Müller cells in chronic retinal inflammation remains to be elucidated. In order to assess the signaling capacity of Müller cells and their role in retinal inflammation, we performed in-depth proteomic analysis of Müller cell proteomes and secretomes after stimulation with INFγ, TNFα, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, VEGF, TGFβ1, TGFβ2 and TGFβ3. We used both, primary porcine Müller cells and the human Müller cell line MIO-M1 for our hypothesis generating approach. Our results point towards an intense signaling capacity of Müller cells, which reacted in a highly discriminating manner upon treatment with different cytokines. Stimulation of Müller cells resulted in a primarily pro-inflammatory phenotype with secretion of cytokines and components of the complement system. Furthermore, we observed evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction, implying oxidative stress after treatment with the various cytokines. Finally, both MIO-M1 cells and primary porcine Müller cells showed several characteristics of atypical antigen-presenting cells, as they are capable of inducing MHC class I and MHC class II with co-stimulatory molecules. In line with this, they express proteins associated with formation and maturation of phagosomes. Thus, our findings underline the importance of Müller cell signaling in the inflamed retina, indicating an active role in chronic retinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Schmalen
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Lea Lorenz
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Antje Grosche
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Diana Pauly
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia A Deeg
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
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37
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Kabiri Y, Fuhrmann A, Becker A, Jedermann L, Eberhagen C, König AC, Silva TB, Borges F, Hauck SM, Michalke B, Knolle P, Zischka H. Mitochondrial Impairment by MitoBloCK-6 Inhibits Liver Cancer Cell Proliferation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:725474. [PMID: 34616733 PMCID: PMC8488156 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.725474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) is a critical multi-isoform protein with its longer isoform, located in the mitochondrial intermembrane space, being part of the mitochondrial disulfide relay system (DRS). Upregulation of ALR was observed in multiple forms of cancer, among them hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To shed light into ALR function in HCC, we used MitoBloCK-6 to pharmacologically inhibit ALR, resulting in profound mitochondrial impairment and cancer cell proliferation deficits. These effects were mostly reversed by supplementation with bioavailable hemin b, linking ALR function to mitochondrial iron homeostasis. Since many tumor cells are known for their increased iron demand and since increased iron levels in cancer are associated with poor clinical outcome, these results help to further advance the intricate relation between iron and mitochondrial homeostasis in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaschar Kabiri
- Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Fuhrmann
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna Becker
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Luisa Jedermann
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Carola Eberhagen
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine König
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core Facility, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tiago Barros Silva
- CIQUP, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core Facility, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Percy Knolle
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Zischka
- Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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Conedera FM, Pousa AMQ, Mercader N, Tschopp M, Enzmann V. The TGFβ/Notch axis facilitates Müller cell-to-epithelial transition to ultimately form a chronic glial scar. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:69. [PMID: 34593012 PMCID: PMC8482586 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00482-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Contrasting with zebrafish, retinal regeneration from Müller cells (MCs) is largely limited in mammals, where they undergo reactive gliosis that consist of a hypertrophic response and ultimately results in vision loss. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is essential for wound healing, including both scar formation and regeneration. However, targeting TGFβ may affect other physiological mechanisms, owing its pleiotropic nature. The regulation of various cellular activities by TGFβ relies on its interaction with other pathways including Notch. Here, we explore the interplay of TGFβ with Notch and how this regulates MC response to injury in zebrafish and mice. Furthermore, we aimed to characterize potential similarities between murine and human MCs during chronic reactive gliosis. Methods Focal damage to photoreceptors was induced with a 532 nm diode laser in TgBAC (gfap:gfap-GFP) zebrafish (ZF) and B6-Tg (Rlbp1-GFP) mice. Transcriptomics, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry were employed for a comparative analysis of MC response to laser-induced injury between ZF and mouse. The laser-induced injury was paired with pharmacological treatments to inhibit either Notch (DAPT) or TGFβ (Pirfenidone) or TGFβ/Notch interplay (SIS3). To determine if the murine laser-induced injury model translates to the human system, we compared the ensuing MC response to human donors with early retinal degeneration. Results Investigations into injury-induced changes in murine MCs revealed TGFβ/Notch interplay during reactive gliosis. We found that TGFβ1/2 and Notch1/2 interact via Smad3 to reprogram murine MCs towards an epithelial lineage and ultimately to form a glial scar. Similar to what we observed in mice, we confirmed the epithelial phenotype of human Müller cells during gliotic response. Conclusion The study indicates a pivotal role for TGFβ/Notch interplay in tuning MC stemness during injury response and provides novel insights into the remodeling mechanism during retinal degenerative diseases. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13024-021-00482-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Maria Conedera
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Advanced Microscopy Program, Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Maria Quintela Pousa
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Mercader
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Tschopp
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Ophthalmology, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Volker Enzmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. .,Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Smit T, Schickel E, Azimzadeh O, von Toerne C, Rauh O, Ritter S, Durante M, Schroeder IS. A Human 3D Cardiomyocyte Risk Model to Study the Cardiotoxic Influence of X-rays and Other Noxae in Adults. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102608. [PMID: 34685588 PMCID: PMC8533903 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart tissue is a potential target of various noxae contributing to the onset of cardiovascular diseases. However, underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are largely unknown. Human stem cell-derived models are promising, but a major concern is cell immaturity when estimating risks for adults. In this study, 3D aggregates of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes were cultivated for 300 days and characterized regarding degree of maturity, structure, and cell composition. Furthermore, effects of ionizing radiation (X-rays, 0.1–2 Gy) on matured aggregates were investigated, representing one of the noxae that are challenging to assess. Video-based functional analyses were correlated to changes in the proteome after irradiation. Cardiomyocytes reached maximum maturity after 100 days in cultivation, judged by α-actinin lengths, and displayed typical multinucleation and branching. At this time, aggregates contained all major cardiac cell types, proven by the patch-clamp technique. Matured and X-ray-irradiated aggregates revealed a subtle increase in beat rates and a more arrhythmic sequence of cellular depolarisation and repolarisation compared to non-irradiated sham controls. The proteome analysis provides first insights into signaling mechanisms contributing to cardiotoxicity. Here, we propose an in vitro model suitable to screen various noxae to target adult cardiotoxicity by preserving all the benefits of a 3D tissue culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Smit
- Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany; (T.S.); (E.S.); (S.R.); (M.D.)
- Biology Department, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany;
| | - Esther Schickel
- Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany; (T.S.); (E.S.); (S.R.); (M.D.)
| | - Omid Azimzadeh
- Section Radiation Biology, Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
- Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Biology, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christine von Toerne
- Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Protein Science, 80939 Munich, Germany;
| | - Oliver Rauh
- Biology Department, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany;
| | - Sylvia Ritter
- Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany; (T.S.); (E.S.); (S.R.); (M.D.)
| | - Marco Durante
- Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany; (T.S.); (E.S.); (S.R.); (M.D.)
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Insa S. Schroeder
- Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany; (T.S.); (E.S.); (S.R.); (M.D.)
- Correspondence:
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40
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Hoefig KP, Reim A, Gallus C, Wong EH, Behrens G, Conrad C, Xu M, Kifinger L, Ito-Kureha T, Defourny KAY, Geerlof A, Mautner J, Hauck SM, Baumjohann D, Feederle R, Mann M, Wierer M, Glasmacher E, Heissmeyer V. Defining the RBPome of primary T helper cells to elucidate higher-order Roquin-mediated mRNA regulation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5208. [PMID: 34471108 PMCID: PMC8410761 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25345-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-transcriptional gene regulation in T cells is dynamic and complex as targeted transcripts respond to various factors. This is evident for the Icos mRNA encoding an essential costimulatory receptor that is regulated by several RNA-binding proteins (RBP), including Roquin-1 and Roquin-2. Here, we identify a core RBPome of 798 mouse and 801 human T cell proteins by utilizing global RNA interactome capture (RNA-IC) and orthogonal organic phase separation (OOPS). The RBPome includes Stat1, Stat4 and Vav1 proteins suggesting unexpected functions for these transcription factors and signal transducers. Based on proximity to Roquin-1, we select ~50 RBPs for testing coregulation of Roquin-1/2 targets by induced expression in wild-type or Roquin-1/2-deficient T cells. Besides Roquin-independent contributions from Rbms1 and Cpeb4 we also show Roquin-1/2-dependent and target-specific coregulation of Icos by Celf1 and Igf2bp3. Connecting the cellular RBPome in a post-transcriptional context, we find contributions from multiple RBPs to the prototypic regulation of mRNA targets by individual trans-acting factors. An extensive RNA binding protein atlas (RBPome) for primary T cells would be a useful resource. Here the authors use two different methods to characterise the mouse and human T cell RBPome and show regulation of Roquin-1/2 dependent and independent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai P Hoefig
- Research Unit Molecular Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Reim
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Gallus
- Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Elaine H Wong
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Gesine Behrens
- Research Unit Molecular Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Conrad
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Meng Xu
- Research Unit Molecular Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Kifinger
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Taku Ito-Kureha
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kyra A Y Defourny
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arie Geerlof
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Josef Mautner
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Center Munich & Children's Hospital, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Baumjohann
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Regina Feederle
- Monoclonal Antibody Core Facility and Research Group, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Wierer
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Munich, Germany. .,Proteomics Research Infrastructure, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Elke Glasmacher
- Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany. .,Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany.
| | - Vigo Heissmeyer
- Research Unit Molecular Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany. .,Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
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Banana Lectin from Musa paradisiaca Is Mitogenic for Cow and Pig PBMC via IL-2 Pathway and ELF1. IMMUNO 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno1030018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to gain deeper insights in the potential of polyclonal stimulation of PBMC with banana lectin (BanLec) from Musa paradisiaca. BanLec induced a marked proliferative response in cow and pig PBMC, but was strongest in pigs, where it induced an even higher proliferation rate than Concanavalin A. Molecular processes associated with respective responses in porcine PBMC were examined with differential proteome analyses. Discovery proteomic experiments was applied to BanLec stimulated PBMC and cellular and secretome responses were analyzed with label free LC-MS/MS. In PBMC, 3955 proteins were identified. After polyclonal stimulation with BanLec, 459 proteins showed significantly changed abundance in PBMC. In respective PBMC secretomes, 2867 proteins were identified with 231 differentially expressed candidates as reaction to BanLec stimulation. The transcription factor “E74 like ETS transcription factor 1 (ELF1)” was solely enriched in BanLec stimulated PBMC. BanLec induced secretion of several immune regulators, amongst them positive regulators of activated T cell proliferation and Jak-STAT signaling pathway. Top changed immune proteins were CD226, CD27, IFNG, IL18, IL2, CXCL10, LAT, ICOS, IL2RA, LAG3, and CD300C. BanLec stimulates PBMC of cows and pigs polyclonally and induces IL2 pathway and further proinflammatory cytokines. Proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD027505.
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Kleinwort KJH, Hobmaier BF, Mayer R, Hölzel C, Degroote RL, Märtlbauer E, Hauck SM, Deeg CA. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Proteome Changes Profoundly in Milk. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080549. [PMID: 34436489 PMCID: PMC8399727 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) are detectable viable in milk and other dairy products. The molecular mechanisms allowing the adaptation of MAP in these products are still poorly understood. To obtain information about respective adaptation of MAP in milk, we differentially analyzed the proteomes of MAP cultivated for 48 h in either milk at 37 °C or 4 °C or Middlebrook 7H9 broth as a control. From a total of 2197 MAP proteins identified, 242 proteins were at least fivefold higher in abundance in milk. MAP responded to the nutritional shortage in milk with upregulation of 32% of proteins with function in metabolism and 17% in fatty acid metabolism/synthesis. Additionally, MAP upregulated clusters of 19% proteins with roles in stress responses and immune evasion, 19% in transcription/translation, and 13% in bacterial cell wall synthesis. Dut, MmpL4_1, and RecA were only detected in MAP incubated in milk, pointing to very important roles of these proteins for MAP coping with a stressful environment. Dut is essential and plays an exclusive role for growth, MmpL4_1 for virulence through secretion of specific lipids, and RecA for SOS response of mycobacteria. Further, 35 candidates with stable expression in all conditions were detected, which could serve as targets for detection. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD027444.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina J. H. Kleinwort
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany; (K.J.H.K.); (B.F.H.); (R.L.D.)
| | - Bernhard F. Hobmaier
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany; (K.J.H.K.); (B.F.H.); (R.L.D.)
| | - Ricarda Mayer
- Chair of Hygiene and Technology of Milk, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany; (R.M.); (C.H.); (E.M.)
| | - Christina Hölzel
- Chair of Hygiene and Technology of Milk, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany; (R.M.); (C.H.); (E.M.)
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, CAU Kiel, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Roxane L. Degroote
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany; (K.J.H.K.); (B.F.H.); (R.L.D.)
| | - Erwin Märtlbauer
- Chair of Hygiene and Technology of Milk, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany; (R.M.); (C.H.); (E.M.)
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-80939 Munich, Germany;
| | - Cornelia A. Deeg
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany; (K.J.H.K.); (B.F.H.); (R.L.D.)
- Correspondence:
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Schuster M, Tewary G, Bao X, Subedi P, Hauck SM, Olsen AK, Eide DM, Trott KR, Götz S, Atkinson MJ, Rosemann M. In vitro cellular and proteome assays identify Wnt pathway and CDKN2A-regulated senescence affected in mesenchymal stem cells from mice after a chronic LD gamma irradiation in utero. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2021; 60:397-410. [PMID: 34287697 PMCID: PMC8310520 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-021-00925-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Reliable data on the effects of chronic prenatal exposure to low dose (LD) of ionizing radiation in humans are missing. There are concerns about adverse long-term effects that may persist throughout postnatal life of the offspring. Due to their slow cell cycle kinetics and life-long residence time in the organism, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are more susceptible to low level genotoxic stress caused by extrinsic multiple LD events. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic, prenatal LD gamma irradiation to the biology of MSCs later in life. C3H mice were exposed in utero to chronic prenatal irradiation of 10 mGy/day over a period of 3 weeks. Two years later, MSCs were isolated from the bone marrow and analyzed in vitro for their radiosensitivity, for cellular senescence and for DNA double-strand break recognition after a second acute gamma-irradiation. In addition to these cellular assays, changes in protein expression were measured using HPLC-MS/MS and dysregulated molecular signaling pathways identified using bioinformatics. We observed radiation-induced proteomic changes in MSCs from the offspring of in utero irradiated mice (leading to ~ 9.4% of all detected proteins being either up- or downregulated) as compared to non-irradiated controls. The proteomic changes map to regulation pathways involved in the extracellular matrix, the response to oxidative stress, and the Wnt signaling pathway. In addition, chronic prenatal LD irradiation lead to an increased rate of in vitro radiation-induced senescence later in life and to an increased number of residual DNA double-strand breaks after 4 Gy irradiation, indicating a remarkable interaction of in vivo radiation in combination with a second acute dose of in vitro radiation. This study provides the first insight into a molecular mechanism of persistent MSC damage response by ionizing radiation exposure during prenatal time and will help to predict therapeutic safety and efficacy with respect to a clinical application of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Schuster
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gargi Tewary
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Xuanwen Bao
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Prabal Subedi
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), 80939, Munich, Germany
| | - Ann Karin Olsen
- Department of Molecular Biology/Domain for Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Lovisenberggt. 8, 0456, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Markus Eide
- Department of Molecular Biology/Domain for Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Lovisenberggt. 8, 0456, Oslo, Norway
| | - Klaus Rüdiger Trott
- Chair of Radiation Biology, Technical University Munich (TUM), 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Götz
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael J Atkinson
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Radiation Biology, Technical University Munich (TUM), 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Rosemann
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Medical Graduate School, Technical University Munich (TUM), 80333, Munich, Germany.
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Targeting Cancer Metabolism Breaks Radioresistance by Impairing the Stress Response. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153762. [PMID: 34359663 PMCID: PMC8345170 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Ionizing radiation is a major pillar in the therapy of solid tumors. However, normal tissue toxicities and radioresistance of tumor cells can limit the therapeutic success of radiotherapy. In this study, we investigated the coregulation of the cancer metabolism and the heat shock response with respect to radioresistance. Our results indicate that an inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase, either pharmacologically or by gene knockout of LDHA and LDHB, significantly increases the radiosensitivity in tumor cells by global impairing of the stress response. Therefore, inhibition of the lactate metabolism might provide a promising strategy in the future to improve the clinical outcome of patients with highly aggressive, therapy-resistant tumors. Abstract The heightened energetic demand increases lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, the corresponding oncometabolite lactate, expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and thereby promotes therapy resistance in many malignant tumor cell types. Therefore, we assessed the coregulation of LDH and the heat shock response with respect to radiation resistance in different tumor cells (B16F10 murine melanoma and LS174T human colorectal adenocarcinoma). The inhibition of LDH activity by oxamate or GNE-140, glucose deprivation and LDHA/B double knockout (LDH−/−) in B16F10 and LS174T cells significantly diminish tumor growth; ROS production and the cytosolic expression of different HSPs, including Hsp90, Hsp70 and Hsp27 concomitant with a reduction of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1)/pHSF1. An altered lipid metabolism mediated by a LDHA/B double knockout results in a decreased presence of the Hsp70-anchoring glycosphingolipid Gb3 on the cell surface of tumor cells, which, in turn, reduces the membrane Hsp70 density and increases the extracellular Hsp70 levels. Vice versa, elevated extracellular lactate/pyruvate concentrations increase the membrane Hsp70 expression in wildtype tumor cells. Functionally, an inhibition of LDH causes a generalized reduction of cytosolic and membrane-bound HSPs in tumor cells and significantly increases the radiosensitivity, which is associated with a G2/M arrest. We demonstrate that targeting of the lactate/pyruvate metabolism breaks the radioresistance by impairing the stress response.
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Mitochondrial Regulation of the 26S Proteasome. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108059. [PMID: 32846138 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteasome is the main proteolytic system for targeted protein degradation in the cell and is fine-tuned according to cellular needs. Here, we demonstrate that mitochondrial dysfunction and concomitant metabolic reprogramming of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle reduce the assembly and activity of the 26S proteasome. Both mitochondrial mutations in respiratory complex I and treatment with the anti-diabetic drug metformin impair 26S proteasome activity. Defective 26S assembly is reversible and can be overcome by supplementation of aspartate or pyruvate. This metabolic regulation of 26S activity involves specific regulation of proteasome assembly factors via the mTORC1 pathway. Of note, reducing 26S activity by metformin confers increased resistance toward the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, which is reversible upon pyruvate supplementation. Our study uncovers unexpected consequences of defective mitochondrial metabolism for proteasomal protein degradation in the cell, which has important pathophysiological and therapeutic implications.
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Sagmeister S, Merl-Pham J, Petrera A, Deeg CA, Hauck SM. High glucose treatment promotes extracellular matrix proteome remodeling in Mller glial cells. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11316. [PMID: 34046254 PMCID: PMC8139267 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The underlying pathomechanisms in diabetic retinopathy (DR) remain incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to add to the current knowledge about the particular role of retinal Mller glial cells (RMG) in the initial processes of DR. Methods Applying a quantitative proteomic workflow, we investigated changes of primary porcine RMG under short term high glucose treatment as well as glycolysis inhibition treatment. Results We revealed significant changes in RMG proteome primarily in proteins building the extracellular matrix (ECM) indicating fundamental remodeling processes of ECM as novel rapid response to high glucose treatment. Among others, Osteopontin (SPP1) as well as its interacting integrins were significantly downregulated and organotypic retinal explant culture confirmed the selective loss of SPP1 in RMG upon treatment. Since SPP1 in the retina has been described neuroprotective for photoreceptors and functions against experimentally induced cell swelling, its rapid loss under diabetic conditions may point to a direct involvement of RMG to the early neurodegenerative processes driving DR. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD015879.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Sagmeister
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany.,Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core Facility, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Juliane Merl-Pham
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core Facility, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Agnese Petrera
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core Facility, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Cornelia A Deeg
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science and Metabolomics and Proteomics Core Facility, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Munich, Germany
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Prospects for the application of Müller glia and their derivatives in retinal regenerative therapies. Prog Retin Eye Res 2021; 85:100970. [PMID: 33930561 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2021.100970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neural cell death is the main feature of all retinal degenerative disorders that lead to blindness. Despite therapeutic advances, progression of retinal disease cannot always be prevented, and once neuronal cell damage occurs, visual loss cannot be reversed. Recent research in the stem cell field, and the identification of Müller glia with stem cell characteristics in the human eye, have provided hope for the use of these cells in retinal therapies to restore vision. Müller glial cells, which are the major structural cells of the retina, play a very important role in retinal homeostasis during health and disease. They are responsible for the spontaneous retinal regeneration observed in zebrafish and lower vertebrates during early postnatal life, and despite the presence of Müller glia with stem cell characteristics in the adult mammalian retina, there is no evidence that they promote regeneration in humans. Like many other stem cells and neurons derived from pluripotent stem cells, Müller glia with stem cell potential do not differentiate into retinal neurons or integrate into the retina when transplanted into the vitreous of experimental animals with retinal degeneration. However, despite their lack of integration, grafted Müller glia have been shown to induce partial restoration of visual function in spontaneous or induced experimental models of photoreceptor or retinal ganglion cell damage. This improvement in visual function observed after Müller cell transplantation has been ascribed to the release of neuroprotective factors that promote the repair and survival of damaged neurons. Due to the development and availability of pluripotent stem cell lines for therapeutic uses, derivation of Müller cells from retinal organoids formed by iPSC and ESC has provided more realistic prospects for the application of these cells to retinal therapies. Several opportunities for research in the regenerative field have also been unlocked in recent years due to a better understanding of the genomic and proteomic profiles of the developing and regenerating retina in zebrafish, providing the basis for further studies of the human retina. In addition, the increased interest on the nature and function of cellular organelle release and the characterization of molecular components of exosomes released by Müller glia, may help us to design new approaches that could be applied to the development of more effective treatments for retinal degenerative diseases.
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Zapadka TE, Lindstrom SI, Batoki JC, Lee CA, Taylor BE, Howell SJ, Taylor PR. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonist VAF347 Impedes Retinal Pathogenesis in Diabetic Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4335. [PMID: 33919327 PMCID: PMC8122442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population worldwide. Although the cause of diabetic retinopathy is multifactorial, IL-17A is a prevalent inflammatory cytokine involved in the promotion of diabetes-mediated retinal inflammation and the progression of diabetic retinopathy. The primary source of IL-17A is Th17 cells, which are T helper cells that have been differentiated by dendritic cells in a proinflammatory cytokine environment. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that can manipulate dendritic cell maturation, halt the production of IL-6 (a proinflammatory cytokine), and suppress Th17 cell differentiation. In the current study, we examined the efficacy of an AhR agonist, VAF347, as a potential therapeutic for the onset of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice. We determined that diabetes-mediated leukostasis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in the retina of STZ-diabetic mice were all significantly lower when treated with the AhR agonist VAF347. Furthermore, when VAF347 was subcutaneously injected into STZ-diabetic mice, retinal capillary degeneration was ameliorated, which is the hallmark of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy in this diabetes murine model. Collectively, these findings provide evidence that the AhR agonist VAF347 could be a potentially novel therapeutic for non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E. Zapadka
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (T.E.Z.); (S.I.L.); (J.C.B.); (C.A.L.); (B.E.T.); (S.J.H.)
- Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Sarah I. Lindstrom
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (T.E.Z.); (S.I.L.); (J.C.B.); (C.A.L.); (B.E.T.); (S.J.H.)
| | - Julia C. Batoki
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (T.E.Z.); (S.I.L.); (J.C.B.); (C.A.L.); (B.E.T.); (S.J.H.)
| | - Chieh A. Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (T.E.Z.); (S.I.L.); (J.C.B.); (C.A.L.); (B.E.T.); (S.J.H.)
| | - Brooklyn E. Taylor
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (T.E.Z.); (S.I.L.); (J.C.B.); (C.A.L.); (B.E.T.); (S.J.H.)
| | - Scott J. Howell
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (T.E.Z.); (S.I.L.); (J.C.B.); (C.A.L.); (B.E.T.); (S.J.H.)
- Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Patricia R. Taylor
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (T.E.Z.); (S.I.L.); (J.C.B.); (C.A.L.); (B.E.T.); (S.J.H.)
- Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Out-of-Field Hippocampus from Partial-Body Irradiated Mice Displays Changes in Multi-Omics Profile and Defects in Neurogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084290. [PMID: 33924260 PMCID: PMC8074756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain undergoes ionizing radiation exposure in many clinical situations, particularly during radiotherapy for brain tumors. The critical role of the hippocampus in the pathogenesis of radiation-induced neurocognitive dysfunction is well recognized. The goal of this study is to test the potential contribution of non-targeted effects in the detrimental response of the hippocampus to irradiation and to elucidate the mechanisms involved. C57Bl/6 mice were whole body (WBI) or partial body (PBI) irradiated with 0.1 or 2.0 Gy of X-rays or sham irradiated. PBI consisted of the exposure of the lower third of the mouse body, whilst the upper two thirds were shielded. Hippocampi were collected 15 days or 6 months post-irradiation and a multi-omics approach was adopted to assess the molecular changes in non-coding RNAs, proteins and metabolic levels, as well as histological changes in the rate of hippocampal neurogenesis. Notably, at 2.0 Gy the pattern of early molecular and histopathological changes induced in the hippocampus at 15 days following PBI were similar in quality and quantity to the effects induced by WBI, thus providing a proof of principle of the existence of out-of-target radiation response in the hippocampus of conventional mice. We detected major alterations in DAG/IP3 and TGF-β signaling pathways as well as in the expression of proteins involved in the regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity and synapse organization, coupled with defects in neural stem cells self-renewal in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. However, compared to the persistence of the WBI effects, most of the PBI effects were only transient and tended to decrease at 6 months post-irradiation, indicating important mechanistic difference. On the contrary, at low dose we identified a progressive accumulation of molecular defects that tended to manifest at later post-irradiation times. These data, indicating that both targeted and non-targeted radiation effects might contribute to the pathogenesis of hippocampal radiation-damage, have general implications for human health.
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Targeting RGD-binding integrins as an integrative therapy for diabetic retinopathy and neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Prog Retin Eye Res 2021; 85:100966. [PMID: 33775825 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2021.100966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are a class of transmembrane receptors that are involved in a wide range of biological functions. Dysregulation of integrins has been implicated in many pathological processes and consequently, they are attractive therapeutic targets. In the ophthalmology arena, there is extensive evidence suggesting that integrins play an important role in diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, dry eye disease and retinal vein occlusion. For example, there is extensive evidence that arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid (Arg-Gly-Asp; RGD)-binding integrins are involved in key disease hallmarks of DR and neovascular AMD (nvAMD), specifically inflammation, vascular leakage, angiogenesis and fibrosis. Based on such evidence, drugs that engage integrin-linked pathways have received attention for their potential to block all these vision-threatening pathways. This review focuses on the pathophysiological role that RGD-binding integrins can have in complex multifactorial retinal disorders like DR, diabetic macular edema (DME) and nvAMD, which are leading causes of blindness in developed countries. Special emphasis will be given on how RGD-binding integrins can modulate the intricate molecular pathways and regulate the underlying pathological mechanisms. For instance, the interplay between integrins and key molecular players such as growth factors, cytokines and enzymes will be summarized. In addition, recent clinical advances linked to targeting RGD-binding integrins in the context of DME and nvAMD will be discussed alongside future potential for limiting progression of these diseases.
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