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Fantin J, Toutain J, Pérès EA, Bernay B, Mehani SM, Helaine C, Bourgeois M, Brunaud C, Chazalviel L, Pontin J, Corroyer-Dulmont A, Valable S, Cherel M, Bernaudin M. Assessment of hypoxia and oxidative-related changes in a lung-derived brain metastasis model by [ 64Cu][Cu(ATSM)] PET and proteomic studies. EJNMMI Res 2023; 13:102. [PMID: 38006431 PMCID: PMC10676347 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-023-01052-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain metastases (BM) are the most frequent malignant brain tumors. The aim of this study was to characterize the tumor microenvironment (TME) of BM and particularly hypoxia and redox state, known to play a role in tumor growth and treatment resistance with multimodal PET and MRI imaging, immunohistochemical and proteomic approaches in a human lung cancer (H2030-BrM3)-derived BM model in rats. RESULTS First, in vitro studies confirmed that H2030-BrM3 cells respond to hypoxia with increasing expression of HIF-1, HIF-2 and their target genes. Proteomic analyses revealed, among expression changes, proteins associated with metabolism, oxidative stress, metal response and hypoxia signaling in particular in cortical BM. [64Cu][Cu(ATSM)] PET revealed a significant uptake by cortical BM (p < 0.01), while no uptake is observed in striatal BM 23 days after tumor implantation. Pimonidazole, HIF-1α, HIF-2α, CA-IX as well as GFAP, CTR1 and DMT1 immunostainings are positive in both BM. CONCLUSION Overall, [64Cu][Cu(ATSM)] imaging and proteomic results showed the presence of hypoxia and protein expression changes linked to hypoxia and oxidative stress in BM, which are more pronounced in cortical BM compared to striatal BM. Moreover, it emphasized the interest of [64Cu][Cu(ATSM)] PET to characterize TME of BM and depict inter-metastasis heterogeneity that could be useful to guide treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Fantin
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ., ISTCT UMR6030, GIP CYCERON, F-14000, Caen, France
| | - Jérôme Toutain
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ., ISTCT UMR6030, GIP CYCERON, F-14000, Caen, France
| | - Elodie A Pérès
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ., ISTCT UMR6030, GIP CYCERON, F-14000, Caen, France
| | - Benoit Bernay
- Université de Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ., US EMerode, Plateforme Proteogen, F-14000, Caen, France
| | - Sarina Maya Mehani
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ., ISTCT UMR6030, GIP CYCERON, F-14000, Caen, France
| | - Charly Helaine
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ., ISTCT UMR6030, GIP CYCERON, F-14000, Caen, France
| | - Mickael Bourgeois
- CRCI2NA, INSERM UMR1307, CNRS-ERL6075, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, F-44000, Nantes, France
- GIP ARRONAX, F-44800, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Carole Brunaud
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ., ISTCT UMR6030, GIP CYCERON, F-14000, Caen, France
| | - Laurent Chazalviel
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ., ISTCT UMR6030, GIP CYCERON, F-14000, Caen, France
| | - Julien Pontin
- Université de Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ., US EMerode, Plateforme Proteogen, F-14000, Caen, France
| | - Aurélien Corroyer-Dulmont
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ., ISTCT UMR6030, GIP CYCERON, F-14000, Caen, France
- Medical Physics Department, CLCC François Baclesse, F-14000, Caen, France
| | - Samuel Valable
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ., ISTCT UMR6030, GIP CYCERON, F-14000, Caen, France
| | - Michel Cherel
- CRCI2NA, INSERM UMR1307, CNRS-ERL6075, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, F-44000, Nantes, France
- GIP ARRONAX, F-44800, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Myriam Bernaudin
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ., ISTCT UMR6030, GIP CYCERON, F-14000, Caen, France.
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Roy C, Avril S, Legendre C, Lelièvre B, Vellenriter H, Boni S, Cayon J, Guillet C, Guilloux Y, Chérel M, Hindré F, Garcion E. A role for ceruloplasmin in the control of human glioblastoma cell responses to radiation. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:843. [PMID: 35918659 PMCID: PMC9347084 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09808-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common and most aggressive malignant brain tumor. In understanding its resistance to conventional treatments, iron metabolism and related pathways may represent a novel avenue. As for many cancer cells, GB cell growth is dependent on iron, which is tightly involved in red-ox reactions related to radiotherapy effectiveness. From new observations indicating an impact of RX radiations on the expression of ceruloplasmin (CP), an important regulator of iron metabolism, the aim of the present work was to study the functional effects of constitutive expression of CP within GB lines in response to beam radiation depending on the oxygen status (21% O2 versus 3% O2). Methods and results After analysis of radiation responses (Hoechst staining, LDH release, Caspase 3 activation) in U251-MG and U87-MG human GB cell lines, described as radiosensitive and radioresistant respectively, the expression of 9 iron partners (TFR1, DMT1, FTH1, FTL, MFRN1, MFRN2, FXN, FPN1, CP) were tested by RTqPCR and western blots at 3 and 8 days following 4 Gy irradiation. Among those, only CP was significantly downregulated, both at transcript and protein levels in the two lines, with however, a weaker effect in the U87-MG, observable at 3% O2. To investigate specific role of CP in GB radioresistance, U251-MG and U87-MG cells were modified genetically to obtain CP depleted and overexpressing cells, respectively. Manipulation of CP expression in GB lines demonstrated impact both on cell survival and on activation of DNA repair/damage machinery (γH2AX); specifically high levels of CP led to increased production of reactive oxygen species, as shown by elevated levels of superoxide anion, SOD1 synthesis and cellular Fe2 + . Conclusions Taken together, these in vitro results indicate for the first time that CP plays a positive role in the efficiency of radiotherapy on GB cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09808-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Roy
- Université d'Angers, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Sylvie Avril
- Université d'Angers, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Claire Legendre
- Université d'Angers, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Bénédicte Lelièvre
- Centre Régional de Pharmacovigilance, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, CHU Angers, 4 rue Larrey, F-49100, Angers, France
| | - Honorine Vellenriter
- Université d'Angers, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Sébastien Boni
- Université d'Angers, SFR ICAT, Lentivec, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Jérôme Cayon
- Université d'Angers, SFR ICAT, PACeM, F-49000, Angers, France
| | | | - Yannick Guilloux
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Michel Chérel
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - François Hindré
- Université d'Angers, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, F-49000, Angers, France.,Université d'Angers, SFR ICAT, PRIMEX, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Emmanuel Garcion
- Université d'Angers, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Nantes Université, CRCI2NA, F-49000, Angers, France. .,Université d'Angers, SFR ICAT, PACeM, F-49000, Angers, France. .,Université d'Angers, SFR ICAT, PRIMEX, F-49000, Angers, France. .,GLIAD - Design and Application of Innovative Local Treatments in Glioblastoma, CRCI2NA, Team 5, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Institut de Biologie en Santé (IBS) - CHU, 4 rue Larrey, Angers, France.
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Kaboudanian Ardestani S, Taravati A, Kianmehr Z, Hajizadeh Dastjerdi A, Pourfarzam S, Soroush MR, Naghizadeh MM, Ghazanfari T. Altered levels of GST activity, Vit C, TPX and Cu in individuals with long-term sulfur mustard-induced lung complications. Inhal Toxicol 2019; 30:483-491. [DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2018.1545809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Taravati
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Zahra Kianmehr
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology (Biochemistry), Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | - Tooba Ghazanfari
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Li SL, Feng JR, Zhou HH, Zhang CM, Lv GB, Tan YB, Ge ZB, Wang MY. Acidic pH promotes oxidation-induced dissociation of C-reactive protein. Mol Immunol 2018; 104:47-53. [PMID: 30408622 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating levels of the systemic inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP) have been associated with increased risk and poor outcomes of many diseases, such as cardiovascular events and cancer. Accumulating evidence has indicated that the conformational rearrangement of human pentameric CRP (pCRP) to monomeric CRP (mCRP) is a prerequisite for participation in the pathogenesis. Therefore, determining the mechanism of the dissociation of pCRP into pro-inflammatory mCRP under physiological/pathological circumstances has been intriguing. METHODS The effects of oxidative and acidic stress occurring in inflammation on pCRP were examined by electrophoresis, electron microscopy, protein fluorescence, neoepitope expression and endothelial cell responses. RESULTS Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by the copper-hydrogen peroxide system could rapidly induce the dissociation of CRP at mild acidic pH within four hours, but not at physiological pH of 7.4. Meanwhile, mannitol, a ROS scavenger, could not protect against dissociation, which implied that local ROS from accessible histidine residues may be crucially beneficial to the formation of mCRP in a redox-balanced microenvironment. Furthermore, mCRP generated by ROS could be reduced by DTT, which indicated the exposure of functional motif aa35-47, and showed potent proinflammatory actions on endothelial cells, comparable to mCRP generated by urea. CONCLUSION dissociation of pCRP to mCRP could be rapidly induced by ROS from copper- hydrogen peroxide system in dependence on mildly acidic stress regardless of a redox-balanced microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Lei Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Jun-Rui Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | | | - Chun-Miao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Guang-Bo Lv
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Yu-Bo Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Zhong-Bo Ge
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Ming-Yu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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Samygina VR, Sokolov AV, Bourenkov G, Petoukhov MV, Pulina MO, Zakharova ET, Vasilyev VB, Bartunik H, Svergun DI. Ceruloplasmin: macromolecular assemblies with iron-containing acute phase proteins. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67145. [PMID: 23843990 PMCID: PMC3700992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper-containing ferroxidase ceruloplasmin (Cp) forms binary and ternary complexes with cationic proteins lactoferrin (Lf) and myeloperoxidase (Mpo) during inflammation. We present an X-ray crystal structure of a 2Cp-Mpo complex at 4.7 Å resolution. This structure allows one to identify major protein-protein interaction areas and provides an explanation for a competitive inhibition of Mpo by Cp and for the activation of p-phenylenediamine oxidation by Mpo. Small angle X-ray scattering was employed to construct low-resolution models of the Cp-Lf complex and, for the first time, of the ternary 2Cp-2Lf-Mpo complex in solution. The SAXS-based model of Cp-Lf supports the predicted 1:1 stoichiometry of the complex and demonstrates that both lobes of Lf contact domains 1 and 6 of Cp. The 2Cp-2Lf-Mpo SAXS model reveals the absence of interaction between Mpo and Lf in the ternary complex, so Cp can serve as a mediator of protein interactions in complex architecture. Mpo protects antioxidant properties of Cp by isolating its sensitive loop from proteases. The latter is important for incorporation of Fe(3+) into Lf, which activates ferroxidase activity of Cp and precludes oxidation of Cp substrates. Our models provide the structural basis for possible regulatory role of these complexes in preventing iron-induced oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriya R. Samygina
- Institute of Crystallography RAS, Moscow, Russia
- Structural Biology Unit, CICbioGUNE, Derio, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Maria O. Pulina
- Institute of Experimental Medicine NWB RAMS, St.Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - Hans Bartunik
- Research Unit for Structural Molecular Biology, Max-Planck Institute, Hamburg, Germany
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Clioquinol inhibits peroxide-mediated toxicity through up-regulation of phosphoinositol-3-kinase and inhibition of p53 activity. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2008; 40:1030-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2007.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2007] [Revised: 11/06/2007] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Healy J, Tipton K. Ceruloplasmin and what it might do. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2007; 114:777-81. [PMID: 17406962 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-007-0687-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2006] [Accepted: 11/22/2006] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The blue coloured plasma protein ceruloplasmin binds up to 95% of circulating copper, and has several possible functions. It has been proposed to function in copper transport, oxidation of organic amines, iron(II) oxidation and the regulation of cellular iron levels, and catechols, radical scavenging and other antioxidant processes. This account will consider the relative importance of these multiple functions in terms of the physiological roles of ceruloplasmin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Healy
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
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8
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Koupparis AJ, Jeremy J, Angelini G, Persad R, Shukla N. Penicillamine administration reverses the inhibitory effect of hyperhomocysteinaemia on endothelium-dependent relaxation in the corpus cavernosum in the rabbit. BJU Int 2006; 98:440-4. [PMID: 16879692 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2006.06212.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the role of copper in mediating the impact of homocysteine on vasculogenic erectile dysfunction (VED), by investigating the effect of dietary supplementation with the copper-chelator penicillamine to rabbits rendered hyperhomocysteinaemic (HHC) with a methionine-rich diet, as a raised plasma level of homocysteine might be a risk factor for VED. MATERIALS AND METHODS Homocysteine inhibits the nitric oxide (NO)-dependent relaxation of the corpus cavernosum (CC), an effect which appears to be mediated via the generation of superoxide (O2*-), and H2O2. Copper is a catalyst for the generation of H2O2 in the presence of homocysteine and in the presence of copper, H2O2 undergoes reactions resulting in the generation of O2*-, which reacts with NO to produce peroxynitrite (ONOO-), thereby reducing the bioavailability of NO and impairing NO-mediated relaxation of CC. Smooth muscle strips from CC were obtained from two groups of adult New Zealand White rabbits, one rendered HHC with a diet supplemented with methionine (group 1) and another HHC group that had additional dietary supplementation with penicillamine (group 2). Tissue O2*- levels were measured in each group. After pre-contraction with phenylephrine, relaxation responses of CC strips to carbachol were also assessed in both groups. RESULTS Methionine supplementation led to profound HHC in all rabbits. Penicillamine in group 2 reduced the total plasma Cu2+ compared to group 1. There was a markedly lower carbachol-stimulated relaxation of CC from HHC rabbits in group 1, with a mean (sem) maximum relaxation of 37 (4)% (six samples), than in group 2, at 58 (6)%. CONCLUSION These data show that elevated levels in vivo of homocysteine in the rabbit markedly impair NO-dependent relaxation of the CC. Furthermore, this effect appears to be augmented by copper. Further clinical studies on homocysteine and copper status in patients with VED are warranted.
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Shukla N, Koupparis A, Jones RAW, Angelini GD, Persad R, Jeremy JY. Penicillamine administration reverses the inhibitory effect of hyperhomocysteinaemia on endothelium-dependent relaxation and superoxide formation in the aorta of the rabbit. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 531:201-8. [PMID: 16451799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2005] [Revised: 11/29/2005] [Accepted: 12/12/2005] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Although hyperhomocysteinaemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the mechanisms underlying this association have not been elucidated. It has been demonstrated, however, that copper augments the inhibitory effect of homocysteine on nitric oxide (NO)-mediated relaxation of the rat aorta through increased superoxide formation, which reacts with NO thereby reducing the bioavailability of NO. Since it follows that the administration of a copper chelator may blunt the pathogenic impact of hyperhomocysteinaemia, in vivo, the effect of penicillamine administration on NO-dependent relaxation and superoxide formation in the aortae of hyperhomocysteinaemic rabbits was studied. New Zealand White rabbits were fed a methionine-rich (20 g/kg chow) diet for 1 month+/-penicillamine administered orally (10 mg/kg/day) and aortic relaxation elicited with acetylcholine and superoxide measured. The role of NADPH oxidase was also studied using a range of inhibitors and western analysis of gp47(phox) (a catalytic subunit of NADPH oxidase). The methionine-rich diet markedly increased plasma total homocysteine levels. In hyperhomocysteinaemic rabbits there was a marked reduction of acetylcholine-stimulated relaxation and an increase in superoxide formation that were both inhibited with superoxide dismutase and apocynin, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor. Gp47(phox) expression was also increased in aortae from methionine fed rabbits. Penicillamine administration significantly reduced plasma total copper in methionine-fed rabbits compared to controls. Impaired acetylcholine-stimulated relaxation, increased superoxide formation and increased gp47(phox) expression in aortae from methionine-fed rabbits was reversed by penicillamine administration. These data indicate that hyperhomocysteinaemia augments the formation of arterial superoxide through an increase in NADPH oxidase expression/activity which in turn reduces NO bioavailability. Since these effects were reversed by penicillamine, these data consolidate the hypothesis that copper plays a role in mediating homocysteine-induced vasculopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilima Shukla
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
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Shukla N, Maher J, Masters J, Angelini GD, Jeremy JY. Does oxidative stress change ceruloplasmin from a protective to a vasculopathic factor? Atherosclerosis 2006; 187:238-50. [PMID: 16412446 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2005] [Revised: 10/30/2005] [Accepted: 11/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although ceruloplasmin (CP), a copper containing metalloenzyme, possesses antioxidant properties (e.g. ferroxidase activity), elevated circulating CP is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This ambivalence is possibly due to the capacity of CP, via its coppers, to promote vasculopathic effects that include lipid oxidation, negation of nitric oxide bioactivity and endothelial cell apoptosis. In turn, these effects that are mediated by increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. There is also evidence that risk factors for CVD (in particular, diabetes mellitus and hyperhomocysteinaemia) may augment the vasculopathic impact of CP. In turn, it appears that ROS disrupt copper binding to CP, thereby impairing its normal protective function while liberating copper which in turn may promote oxidative pathology. The objective of this review, therefore, is to consider the epidemiology and pathophysiology of CP in relation to CVD, with particular emphasis on the relationship between CP and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilima Shukla
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
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Shukla N, Thompson CS, Angelini GD, Mikhailidis DP, Jeremy JY. Low micromolar concentrations of copper augment the impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation of aortae from diabetic rabbits. Metabolism 2004; 53:1315-21. [PMID: 15375788 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2004.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Both diabetes mellitus (DM) and elevated plasma copper concentrations are risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). DM is associated with impaired endothelial nitric oxide (NO) and with excess superoxide (O2*-) formation. Copper is also elevated in DM and is also associated with the generation of O2*-. To explore possible interactions between DM and copper, the effect of exogenous copper (CuCl2) on endothelium-dependent relaxation and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP) formation was investigated in aortae from diabetic rabbits. Rabbits were rendered diabetic by intravenous injection of alloxan. Six months after induction of DM, the aortae were excised, cut into rings, and mounted in an organ bath for isometric measurement of acetylcholine (Ach)-evoked relaxation in rings precontracted with phenylephrine (PE). In parallel studies, cyclic (c)GMP formation by aortic rings following stimulation with Ach, calcium ionophore A23187 (A23187) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was assessed using radioimmunoassay. The effect of copper on these parameters was then studied using the same methods. Ach-evoked relaxation and Ach- and A23187-evoked cGMP formation were significantly impaired in aortae from diabetic rabbits compared to controls, effects that were reversed with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). In contrast, there were no significant differences in SNP-stimulated relaxation or cGMP formation in aortae from diabetic rabbits compared to controls. Copper (1 to 10 micromol/L) promoted a further significant inhibition of Ach-stimulated relaxation in aortae from diabetic but not control rabbits. This reduction by copper was again reversed by SOD and CAT. We conclude that copper augments the reduction of NO bioavailability, which is already impaired in aortae from diabetic rabbits due to excess production of O2*- and H2O2. These results indicate that patients with DM may be susceptible to copper-mediated vasculopathy at much lower concentrations than those that promote vasculopathy in nondiabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shukla
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, UK
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12
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Jeremy JY, Angelini GD, Shukla N. Hyperhomocysteinemia due to Helicobacter pylori? Atherosclerosis 2004; 176:201-2. [PMID: 15306196 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2004] [Accepted: 04/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Ceruloplasmin (CP) is a 132 kd cuproprotein which, together with transferrin, provides the majority of anti-oxidant capacity in serum. Increased iron deposition and lipid peroxidation in the basal ganglia of subjects with hereditary CP deficiency suggest that CP may serve as an anti-oxidant in the brain as well. The present study compared CP immunoreactivity in brain specimens from normal controls and subjects with neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease [AD], Parkinson's disease [PD], progressive supranuclear palsy [PSP], and Huntington's disease [HD]) (n = 5 per group). The relative intensity of neuronal CP staining and the numbers of CP-stained neurons per 25x microscope field were determined in hippocampus (CA1, subiculum, and parahippocampal gyrus), parietal cortex, frontal cortex, substantia nigra, and caudate. CP was detected in both neurons and astrocytes in all specimens, and in senile plaques and occasional neurofibrillary tangles in AD brain. Neuronal CP staining intensity tended to increase in most AD brain regions, but was statistically significant vs controls only in the CA1 region of hippocampus (p = .016). Neuronal CP staining in brain specimens from other neurodegenerative disorders showed a slight but nonsignificant increase vs controls. The numbers of CP-stained neurons per field did not differ between the various neurodegenerative disorders and controls. These results suggest that a modest increase in neuronal CP content is present in the AD brain, and lesser elevations in neuronal CP occur in the other neurodegenerative disorders in this study. Though CP functions as both an acute phase protein and an anti-oxidant in peripheral tissues, whether it does so in the brain remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Loeffler
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Feichtenhofer S, Fabjan JS, Abuja PM. Ceruloplasmin as low-density lipoprotein oxidase: activation by ascorbate and dehydroascorbate. FEBS Lett 2001; 501:42-6. [PMID: 11457453 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(01)02623-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The ability of ceruloplasmin (Cp) to oxidize low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in the presence of water-soluble antioxidants was investigated and a reaction mechanism proposed. Ascorbate strongly enhanced LDL oxidation, but only after its rapid consumption. Dehydroascorbate enhanced Cp-mediated LDL oxidation even more strongly. Lipid-soluble antioxidants and water-soluble peroxides did not show noticeable activation. However, loading of LDL with lipid hydroperoxides increased the initial oxidation rate. We conclude that Cp mediates a localized redox cycle, where reduction of Cp-Cu2+ is effected by water-soluble reductants and reoxidation by liposoluble hydroperoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Feichtenhofer
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and Microbiology, SFB Biomembrane Research Centre, University of Graz, Schubertstrasse 1, A-8010, Graz, Austria
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Bar-Or D, Thomas GW, Rael LT, Lau EP, Winkler JV. Asp-Ala-His-Lys (DAHK) inhibits copper-induced oxidative DNA double strand breaks and telomere shortening. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 282:356-60. [PMID: 11264015 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Both DNA and the telomeric sequence are susceptible to copper-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage, particularly damage attributed to hydroxyl radicals. In this study, ROS-induced DNA double strand breaks and telomere shortening were produced by exposure to copper and ascorbic acid. Asp-Ala-His-Lys (DAHK), a specific copper chelating tetrapeptide d-analog of the N-terminus of human albumin, attenuated DNA strand breaks in a dose dependent manner. d-DAHK, at a ratio of 4:1 (d-DAHKCu), provided complete protection of isolated DNA from double strand breaks and, at a ratio of 2:1 (d-DAHKCu), completely protected DNA in Raji cells exposed to copper/ascorbate. Southern blots of DNA treated with copper/ascorbate showed severe depletion and shortening of telomeres and Raji cell treated samples showed some conservation of telomere sequences. d-DAHK provided complete telomere length protection at a ratio of 2:1 (d-DAHKCu). The human albumin N-terminus analog, d-DAHK, protects DNA and telomeres against copper-mediated ROS damage and may be a useful therapeutic adjunct in ROS disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bar-Or
- Trauma Research, Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, Colorado, 80110, USA.
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