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Di Dalmazi G, Giuliani C, Bucci I, Mascitti M, Napolitano G. Promising Role of Alkaloids in the Prevention and Treatment of Thyroid Cancer and Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Comprehensive Review of the Current Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5395. [PMID: 38791433 PMCID: PMC11121374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) and thyroid autoimmune disorders (AITD) are among the most common diseases in the general population, with higher incidence in women. Chronic inflammation and autoimmunity play a pivotal role in carcinogenesis. Some studies, indeed, have pointed out the presence of AITD as a risk factor for TC, although this issue remains controversial. Prevention of autoimmune disease and cancer is the ultimate goal for clinicians and scientists, but it is not always feasible. Thus, new treatments, that overcome the current barriers to prevention and treatment of TC and AITD are needed. Alkaloids are secondary plant metabolites endowed with several biological activities including anticancer and immunomodulatory properties. In this perspective, alkaloids may represent a promising source of prophylactic and therapeutic agents for TC and AITD. This review encompasses the current published literature on alkaloids effects on TC and AITD, with a specific focus on the pathways involved in TC and AITD development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Di Dalmazi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.G.); (I.B.); (G.N.)
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Cesidio Giuliani
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.G.); (I.B.); (G.N.)
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ines Bucci
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.G.); (I.B.); (G.N.)
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Mascitti
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.G.); (I.B.); (G.N.)
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giorgio Napolitano
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.G.); (I.B.); (G.N.)
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Jawaharlal S, Subramanian S, Palanivel V, Devarajan G, Veerasamy V. Cyclodextrin-based nanosponges as promising carriers for active pharmaceutical ingredient. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23597. [PMID: 38037252 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Effective drug distribution at the intended or particular location is a critical issue that researchers are now dealing. Nanosponges have significantly increased in importance in medication delivery using nanotechnology in recent years. An important step toward solving these problems has been the development of nanosponges. Recently created and proposed for use in drug delivery, nanosponge is a unique type of hyper-crosslinked polymer-based colloidal structures made up of solid nanoparticles with colloidal carriers. Nanosponges are solid porous particles that may hold pharmaceuticals and other actives in their nanocavities. They can be made into dosage forms for oral, parenteral, topical, or inhalation use. The targeted distribution of drugs in a regulated manner is greatly aided by nanosponge. The utilization of nanosponges, their benefits, their production processes, the polymers they are made of, and their characterization have all been covered in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Jawaharlal
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Venkatesan Palanivel
- Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Geetha Devarajan
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinothkumar Veerasamy
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
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3
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Wang C, Zhang Y. Current Application of Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems to the Treatment of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinomas. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:6037-6058. [PMID: 37904863 PMCID: PMC10613415 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s429629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATCs) are a rare subtype of thyroid cancers with a low incidence but extremely high invasiveness and fatality. The treatment of ATCs is very challenging, and currently, a comprehensive individualized therapeutic strategy involving surgery, radiotherapy (RT), chemotherapy, BRAF/MEK inhibitors (BRAFi/MEKi) and immunotherapy is preferred. For ATC patients in stage IVA/IVB, a surgery-based comprehensive strategy may provide survival benefits. Unfortunately, ATC patients in IVC stage barely get benefits from the current treatment. Recently, nanoparticle delivery of siRNAs, targeted drugs, cytotoxic drugs, photosensitizers and other agents is considered as a promising anti-cancer treatment. Nanoparticle drug delivery systems have been mainly explored in the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). With the rapid development of drug delivery techniques and nanomaterials, using hybrid nanoparticles as the drug carrier to deliver siRNAs, targeted drugs, immune drugs, chemotherapy drugs and phototherapy drugs to ATC patients have become a hot research field. This review aims to describe latest findings of nanoparticle drug delivery systems in the treatment of ATCs, thus providing references for the further analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonggao Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210001, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yewei Zhang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Wang J, Tan J, Wu B, Wu R, Han Y, Wang C, Gao Z, Jiang D, Xia X. Customizing cancer treatment at the nanoscale: a focus on anaplastic thyroid cancer therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:374. [PMID: 37833748 PMCID: PMC10571362 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02094-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare but highly aggressive kind of thyroid cancer. Various therapeutic methods have been considered for the treatment of ATC, but its prognosis remains poor. With the advent of the nanomedicine era, the use of nanotechnology has been introduced in the treatment of various cancers and has shown great potential and broad prospects in ATC treatment. The current review meticulously describes and summarizes the research progress of various nanomedicine-based therapeutic methods of ATC, including chemotherapy, differentiation therapy, radioiodine therapy, gene therapy, targeted therapy, photothermal therapy, and combination therapy. Furthermore, potential future challenges and opportunities for the currently developed nanomedicines for ATC treatment are discussed. As far as we know, there are few reviews focusing on the nanomedicine of ATC therapy, and it is believed that this review will generate widespread interest from researchers in a variety of fields to further expedite preclinical research and clinical translation of ATC nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Tan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bian Wu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ruolin Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanmei Han
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Zairong Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.
| | - Dawei Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiaotian Xia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.
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Tannous M, Hoti G, Trotta F, Cavalli R, Higashiyama T, Pagliaro P, Penna C. Oxygen Nanocarriers for Improving Cardioplegic Solution Performance: Physico-Chemical Characterization. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10073. [PMID: 37373223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanocarriers for oxygen delivery have been the focus of extensive research to ameliorate the therapeutic effects of current anti-cancer treatments and in the organ transplant field. In the latter application, the use of oxygenated cardioplegic solution (CS) during cardiac arrest is certainly beneficial, and fully oxygenated crystalloid solutions may be excellent means of myocardial protection, albeit for a limited time. Therefore, to overcome this drawback, oxygenated nanosponges (NSs) that can store and slowly release oxygen over a controlled period have been chosen as nanocarriers to enhance the functionality of cardioplegic solutions. Different components can be used to prepare nanocarrier formulations for saturated oxygen delivery, and these include native α-cyclodextrin (αCD), αcyclodextrin-based nanosponges (αCD-NSs), native cyclic nigerosyl-nigerose (CNN), and cyclic nigerosyl-nigerose-based nanosponges (CNN-NSs). Oxygen release kinetics varied depending on the nanocarrier used, demonstrating higher oxygen release after 24 h for NSs than the native αCD and CNN. CNN-NSs presented the highest oxygen concentration (8.57 mg/L) in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) CS recorded at 37 °C for 12 h. The NSs retained more oxygen at 1.30 g/L than 0.13 g/L. These nanocarriers have considerable versatility and the ability to store oxygen and prolong the amount of time that the heart remains in hypothermic CS. The physicochemical characterization presents a promising oxygen-carrier formulation that can prolong the release of oxygen at low temperatures. This can make the nanocarriers suitable for the storage of hearts during the explant and transport procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tannous
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Gjylije Hoti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Trotta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Pasquale Pagliaro
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Claudia Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
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Baldassari S, Balboni A, Drava G, Donghia D, Canepa P, Ailuno G, Caviglioli G. Phytochemicals and Cancer Treatment: Cell-Derived and Biomimetic Vesicles as Promising Carriers. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051445. [PMID: 37242687 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of anticancer agents currently used derive from natural sources: plants, frequently the ones employed in traditional medicines, are an abundant source of mono- and diterpenes, polyphenols, and alkaloids that exert antitumor activity through diverse mechanisms. Unfortunately, many of these molecules are affected by poor pharmacokinetics and limited specificity, shortcomings that may be overcome by incorporating them into nanovehicles. Cell-derived nanovesicles have recently risen to prominence, due to their biocompatibility, low immunogenicity and, above all, targeting properties. However, due to difficult scalability, the industrial production of biologically-derived vesicles and consequent application in clinics is difficult. As an efficient alternative, bioinspired vesicles deriving from the hybridization of cell-derived and artificial membranes have been conceived, revealing high flexibility and appropriate drug delivery ability. In this review, the most recent advances in the application of these vesicles to the targeted delivery of anticancer actives obtained from plants are presented, with specific focus on vehicle manufacture and characterization, and effectiveness evaluation performed through in vitro and in vivo assays. The emerging overall outlook appears promising in terms of efficient drug loading and selective targeting of tumor cells, suggesting further engrossing developments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Baldassari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Alice Balboni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Giuliana Drava
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Daniela Donghia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Canepa
- Department of Physics, University of Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ailuno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16148 Genova, Italy
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Dettori T, Sanna G, Cocco A, Serreli G, Deiana M, Palmas V, Onnis V, Pilia L, Melis N, Moi D, Caria P, Secci F. Synthesis and Antiproliferative Effect of Halogenated Coumarin Derivatives. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248897. [PMID: 36558029 PMCID: PMC9786284 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 6- and 6,8-halocoumarin derivatives have been investigated as potential antiproliferative compounds against a panel of tumor and normal cell lines. Cytotoxic effects were determined by the MTT method. To investigate the potential molecular mechanism involved in the cytotoxic effect, apoptosis assay, cell cycle analysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reduced glutathione analysis were performed. Among the screened compounds, coumarins 6,8-dibromo-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbonitrile 2h and 6,8-diiodo-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbonitrile 2k exhibited the most antiproliferative effect in thyroid cancer-derived cells TPC-1. The apoptosis assay showed that both 2h and 2k induced apoptosis in TPC-1 thyroid cancer cells. According to these experiments, both coumarins induced a slight increase in TPC-1 cells in the G2/M phase and a decrease in the S phase. A significant increase in ROS levels was observed in TPC-1 treated with diiodocoumarin 2k, while the dibromocoumarin 2h induced a decrease in ROS in a dose and time-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinuccia Dettori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Andrea Cocco
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Gabriele Serreli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Monica Deiana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Vanessa Palmas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Valentina Onnis
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Luca Pilia
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Material Engineering, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, CA, Italy
| | - Nicola Melis
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Material Engineering, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, CA, Italy
| | - Davide Moi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (P.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Paola Caria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (P.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Francesco Secci
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (P.C.); (F.S.)
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Nisin delivery by nanosponges increases its anticancer activity against in-vivo melanoma model. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Han S, Lim KS, Blackburn BJ, Yun J, Putnam CW, Bull DA, Won YW. The Potential of Topoisomerase Inhibitor-Based Antibody–Drug Conjugates. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081707. [PMID: 36015333 PMCID: PMC9413092 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are essential enzymes that stabilize DNA supercoiling and resolve entanglements. Topoisomerase inhibitors have been widely used as anti-cancer drugs for the past 20 years. Due to their selectivity as topoisomerase I (TOP1) inhibitors that trap TOP1 cleavage complexes, camptothecin and its derivatives are promising anti-cancer drugs. To increase accumulation of TOP1 inhibitors in cancer cells through the targeting of tumors, TOP1 inhibitor antibody–drug conjugates (TOP1-ADC) have been developed and marketed. Some TOP1-ADCs have shown enhanced therapeutic efficacy compared to prototypical anti-cancer ADCs, such as T-DM1. Here, we review various types of camptothecin-based TOP1 inhibitors and recent developments in TOP1-ADCs. We then propose key points for the design and construction of TOP1-ADCs. Finally, we discuss promising combinatorial strategies, including newly developed approaches to maximizing the therapeutic potential of TOP1-ADCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungmin Han
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine—Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Kwang Suk Lim
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, College of Art, Culture and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Department of Smart Health Science and Technology, College of Art, Culture and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Brody J. Blackburn
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine—Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Jina Yun
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Korea
| | - Charles W. Putnam
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine—Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - David A. Bull
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine—Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Young-Wook Won
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine—Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- Correspondence:
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Nanosponges for Drug Delivery and Cancer Therapy: Recent Advances. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142440. [PMID: 35889665 PMCID: PMC9323080 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanosponges with three-dimensional (3D) porous structures, narrow size distribution, and high entrapment efficiency are widely engineered for cancer therapy and drug delivery purposes. They protect the molecular agents from degradation and help to improve the solubility of lipophilic therapeutic agents/drugs with targeted delivery options in addition to being magnetized to attain suitable magnetic features. Nanosponge-based delivery systems have been applied for cancer therapy with high specificity, biocompatibility, degradability, and prolonged release behavior. In this context, the drug loading within nanosponges is influenced by the crystallization degree. Notably, 3D printing technologies can be applied for the development of novel nanosponge-based systems for biomedical applications. The impacts of polymers, cross-linkers, type of drugs, temperature, loading and mechanism of drug release, fabrication methods, and substitution degree ought to be analytically evaluated. Eco-friendly techniques for the manufacturing of nanosponges still need to be uncovered in addition to the existing methods, such as solvent techniques, ultrasound-assisted preparation, melting strategies, and emulsion solvent diffusion methods. Herein, the recent advancements associated with the drug delivery and cancer therapy potential of nanosponges (chiefly, cyclodextrin-based, DNAzyme, and ethylcellulose nanosponges) are deliberated, focusing on the important challenges and future perspectives.
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Peimanfard S, Zarrabi A, Trotta F, Matencio A, Cecone C, Caldera F. Developing Novel Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponges as Carriers for Anticancer Hydrophobic Agents: Overcoming Limitations of Host–Guest Complexes in a Comparative Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051059. [PMID: 35631645 PMCID: PMC9147629 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to design and fabricate novel hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-based hypercrosslinked polymers, called nanosponges, as carriers for anticancer hydrophobic agents and compare them with host–guest complexes of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, a remarkable solubilizer, to investigate their application in improving the pharmaceutical properties of the flavonoid naringenin, a model hydrophobic nutraceutical with versatile anticancer effects. For this purpose, three new nanosponges, crosslinked with pyromellitic dianhydride, citric acid, and carbonyldiimidazole, were fabricated. The carbonate nanosponge synthesized by carbonyldiimidazole presented the highest naringenin loading capacity (≈19.42%) and exerted significantly higher antiproliferative effects against MCF-7 cancer cells compared to free naringenin. Additionally, this carbonate nanosponge formed a stable nanosuspension, providing several advantages over the naringenin/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin host–guest complex, including an increase of about 3.62-fold in the loading capacity percentage, sustained released pattern (versus the burst pattern of host–guest complex), and up to an 8.3-fold increase in antiproliferative effects against MCF-7 cancer cells. Both naringenin-loaded carriers were less toxic to L929 murine fibroblast normal cells than MCF-7 cancer cells. These findings suggest that hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-based carbonate nanosponges could be a good candidate as a drug delivery system with potential applications in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh Peimanfard
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (C.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34396, Turkey
- Correspondence: or (A.Z.); (F.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Francesco Trotta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (C.C.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence: or (A.Z.); (F.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Adrián Matencio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (C.C.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence: or (A.Z.); (F.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Claudio Cecone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (C.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Fabrizio Caldera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (C.C.); (F.C.)
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Utzeri G, Matias PMC, Murtinho D, Valente AJM. Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponges: Overview and Opportunities. Front Chem 2022; 10:859406. [PMID: 35402388 PMCID: PMC8987506 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.859406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanosponges are solid cross-linked polymeric nano-sized porous structures. This broad concept involves, among others, metal organic frameworks and hydrogels. The focus of this manuscript is on cyclodextrin-based nanosponges. Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligomers of glucose derived from starch. The combined external hydrophilicity with the internal hydrophobic surface constitute a unique “microenvironment”, that confers cyclodextrins the peculiar ability to form inclusion host‒guest complexes with many hydrophobic substances. These complexes may impart beneficial modifications of the properties of guest molecules such as solubility enhancement and stabilization of labile guests. These properties complemented with the possibility of using different crosslinkers and high polymeric surface, make these sponges highly suitable for a large range of applications. Despite that, in the last 2 decades, cyclodextrin-based nanosponges have been developed for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, taking advantage of the nontoxicity of cyclodextrins towards humans. This paper provides a critical and timely compilation of the contributions involving cyclodextrins nanosponges for those areas, but also paves the way for other important applications, including water and soil remediation and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Utzeri
- CQC, IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro M C Matias
- CQC, IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Dina Murtinho
- CQC, IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur J M Valente
- CQC, IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Cyclodextrin nanosponges as potential anticancer drug delivery systems to be introduced into the market, compared with liposomes. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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14
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Tannous M, Caldera F, Hoti G, Dianzani U, Cavalli R, Trotta F. Drug-Encapsulated Cyclodextrin Nanosponges. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2021; 2207:247-283. [PMID: 33113141 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0920-0_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To date, a number of nanocarriers, either inorganic or organic, have been developed to improve the delivery and therapeutic efficacy of various drugs. Drug delivery systems have attempted to overcome the undesirable pharmacokinetic problems encountered. Among the various nanomaterials that have been designed as potential nanocarriers, cyclodextrin-based polymers are of particular interest in this review.Cyclodextrins (CD) are a class of cyclic glucopyranose oligomers, obtained from starch by enzymatic action, with a characteristic toroidal shape that forms a truncated cone-shaped lipophilic cavity. The main common native cyclodextrins are named α, β, and γ which comprise six, seven, and eight glucopyranose units, respectively. Cyclodextrins have the capability to include compounds whose size and polarity are compatible with those of their cavity.Cyclodextrin-based cross-linked polymers, often referred to as "cyclodextrin nanosponges" (CDNSs), attract great attention from researchers for solving major bioavailability problems such as inadequate solubility, poor dissolution rate, and limited stability of some agents, as well as increasing their effectiveness and decreasing unwanted side effects.Registered patents about this novel system in various fields, different pharmaceutical applications, and classes of drugs encapsulated by CDNSs are detailed. The features outlined make CDNSs a promising platform for the development of innovative and advanced delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tannous
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, University of Balamand, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | | | - Gjylije Hoti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Torino, Italy
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
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He L, Qing F, Li M, Lan D. Effects of laparoscopic and traditional open surgery on the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and Gal-3 in patients with thyroid cancer. Gland Surg 2021; 10:1085-1092. [PMID: 33842252 DOI: 10.21037/gs-21-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Traditional open surgery and laparoscopic surgery are common treatments for thyroid cancer patients, this paper aims to explore their effects on the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and galectin-3 (Gal-3) in patients with thyroid cancer. Methods The clinical data of patients with thyroid cancer who received surgery in our hospital from September 2017 to February 2020 were collected. In total, 106 cases that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. The patients were then allocated into two groups according to the surgery received, including a study group (56 cases treated with endoscopy) and a basic group (50 cases treated with traditional open surgery). Rehabilitation indicators and inflammatory cytokines were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the number of intraoperative lymph node dissections (P>0.05), postoperative complication rate (16.08% vs. 20.00%, P>0.05), and 6-month rate of recurrence or metastasis (P>0.05) between the two groups. Compared to the basic group, the operation time of the study group was longer, while the amount of intraoperative blood loss, 24 h drainage of the catheter and the length of hospital stay were significantly lower in the study group (P<0.05). The pain scores of the study group at 24 and 48 h after surgery were significantly lower than those of the basic group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-6, TNF-α, Gal-3, and other inflammatory factors in the two groups increased on the first day postoperatively, however the levels of these factors in the study group were lower than those in the basic group (P<0.05). Finally, the postoperative cosmetic satisfaction rate of the study group (94.64%) was higher than that of the basic group (86.00%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The use of laparoscopic treatment can reduce the amount of intraoperative blood loss in patients with thyroid cancer, effectively reduce the degree of postoperative pain, and inhibit postoperative inflammation in the patient to a certain extent. Moreover, laparoscopic treatment can increase postoperative cosmetic satisfaction, reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications and recurrence rate, and improve the patient's prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li He
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital (East Hospital), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangzhen Qing
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital (East Hospital), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Maode Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital (East Hospital), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Daitian Lan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital (East Hospital), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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16
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Kargozar S, Baino F, Hamzehlou S, Hamblin MR, Mozafari M. Nanotechnology for angiogenesis: opportunities and challenges. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:5008-5057. [PMID: 32538379 PMCID: PMC7418030 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs01021h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a critical role within the human body, from the early stages of life (i.e., embryonic development) to life-threatening diseases (e.g., cancer, heart attack, stroke, wound healing). Many pharmaceutical companies have expended huge efforts on both stimulation and inhibition of angiogenesis. During the last decade, the nanotechnology revolution has made a great impact in medicine, and regulatory approvals are starting to be achieved for nanomedicines to treat a wide range of diseases. Angiogenesis therapies involve the inhibition of angiogenesis in oncology and ophthalmology, and stimulation of angiogenesis in wound healing and tissue engineering. This review aims to summarize nanotechnology-based strategies that have been explored in the broad area of angiogenesis. Lipid-based, carbon-based and polymeric nanoparticles, and a wide range of inorganic and metallic nanoparticles are covered in detail. Theranostic and imaging approaches can be facilitated by nanoparticles. Many preparations have been reported to have a bimodal effect where they stimulate angiogenesis at low dose and inhibit it at higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 917794-8564 Mashhad, Iran
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 101 29 Torino, Italy
| | - Sepideh Hamzehlou
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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17
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Jain A, Prajapati SK, Kumari A, Mody N, Bajpai M. Engineered nanosponges as versatile biodegradable carriers: An insight. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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18
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Santos AC, Costa D, Ferreira L, Guerra C, Pereira-Silva M, Pereira I, Peixoto D, Ferreira NR, Veiga F. Cyclodextrin-based delivery systems for in vivo-tested anticancer therapies. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 11:49-71. [PMID: 32441011 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00778-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are naturally occurring macromolecules widely used as excipients on pharmaceutical formulations, evidencing a large spectrum of applications in the pharmaceutical industry. Their unique ability to act as molecular containers by entrapping a wide range of guest molecules in their internal cavity makes them a remarkable excipient to improve drug apparent solubility, stability, and bioavailability, and a valuable tool for the assembly of new drug delivery systems. These features are especially useful when it comes to chemotherapy, as most of the anticancer drugs present both low permeability and reduced water solubility. Therefore, guest-host inclusion complexes offer several potential advantages not only regarding the improvement of pharmaceutical formulations characteristics but also considering the reduction of drug toxic side effects. The combination of CDs with additional technologies and materials constitutes a potential strategy towards the development of advanced and multifunctional CD-based delivery systems. Paclitaxel, curcumin, camptothecin, doxorubicin, and cisplatin are among the most studied molecules with anticancer activities and have been successfully incorporated in such nanosystems. Exciting results using CDs and CD-based delivery systems have been obtained so far, paving the way towards the attainment of intelligent delivery systems to possibly address cancer therapeutics' unmet needs. In this review, a comprehensive exposition concerning in vivo-tested CD and CD-based delivery systems for anticancer therapy is undertaken. Additionally, the authors address the multivalent functionalities of CD-based delivery systems, namely the incorporation of active target ligands, stimuli-responsiveness components, surface functionalization, or further associations with other delivery systems, aiming at improved in vivo anticancer therapies. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cláudia Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Diana Costa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Laura Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Guerra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Pereira-Silva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Irina Pereira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diana Peixoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno R Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
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19
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History of Cyclodextrin Nanosponges. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12051122. [PMID: 32423091 PMCID: PMC7285114 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, research in the field of nanotechnology and nanomedicine has become increasingly predominant, focusing on the manipulation and development of materials on a nanometer scale. Polysaccharides have often been used as they are safe, non-toxic, hydrophilic, biodegradable and are low cost. Among them, starch derivatives and, in particular, cyclodextrin-based nanosponges (CD NSs) have recently emerged due to the outstanding properties attributable to their peculiar structure. In fact, alongside the common polysaccharide features, such as the presence of tunable functional groups and their ability to interact with biological tissues, thus giving rise to bioadhesion, which is particularly useful in drug delivery, what makes CD NSs unique is their three-dimensional network made up of crosslinked cyclodextrin units. The name “nanosponge” appeared for the first time in the 1990s due to their nanoporous, sponge-like structure and responded to the need to overcome the limitations of native cyclodextrins (CDs), particularly their water solubility and inability to encapsulate charged and large molecules efficiently. Since CD NSs were introduced, efforts have been made over the years to understand their mechanism of action and their capability to host molecules with low or high molecular weight, charged, hydrophobic or hydrophilic by changing the type of cyclodextrin, crosslinker and degree of crosslinking used. They enabled great advances to be made in various fields such as agroscience, pharmaceutical, biomedical and biotechnological sectors, and NS research is far from reaching its conclusion. This review gives an overview of CD NS research, focusing on the origin and key points of the historical development in the last 50 years, progressing from relatively simple crosslinked networks in the 1960s to today’s multifunctional polymers. The approach adopted in writing the present study consisted in exploring the historical evolution of NSs in order to understand their role today, and imagine their future.
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Gharakhloo M, Sadjadi S, Rezaeetabar M, Askari F, Rahimi A. Cyclodextrin‐Based Nanosponges for Improving Solubility and Sustainable Release of Curcumin. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mosayeb Gharakhloo
- Faculty of Polymer ScienceIran Polymer and Petrochemicals Institute, PO Box 14975-112 Tehran
| | - Samahe Sadjadi
- Gas Conversion Department, Faculty of PetrochemicalsIran Polymer and Petrochemicals Institute, PO Box 14975-112 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Rezaeetabar
- Faculty of Polymer ScienceIran Polymer and Petrochemicals Institute, PO Box 14975-112 Tehran
| | - Fahimeh Askari
- Faculty of PolyurethaneIran Polymer and Petrochemicals Institute, PO Box 14975-112 Tehran Iran
| | - Azam Rahimi
- Faculty of Polymer ScienceIran Polymer and Petrochemicals Institute, PO Box 14975-112 Tehran
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21
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Clemente N, Boggio E, Gigliotti LC, Raineri D, Ferrara B, Miglio G, Argenziano M, Chiocchetti A, Cappellano G, Trotta F, Caldera F, Capucchio MT, Yagi J, Rojo MJ, Renò F, Cavalli R, Dianzani C, Dianzani U. Immunotherapy of experimental melanoma with ICOS-Fc loaded in biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles. J Control Release 2020; 320:112-124. [PMID: 31962094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS) upon binding to its ligand (ICOSL) mediates adaptive immunity and antitumor response. Thus, antitumor therapies targeting the ICOS/ICOSL pathway hold great promise for cancer treatment. In this regard, ICOSL triggering by a soluble recombinant form of ICOS (ICOS-Fc) hampered adhesiveness and migration of dendritic, endothelial, and tumor cells in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo treatment with ICOS-Fc previously showed the capability to inhibit lung metastatization of ICOSL+ B16-F10 melanoma cells when injected intravenously in mice, but it failed to block the growth of established subcutaneous B16-F10 murine tumors. Thus, we asked whether passive targeting of solid tumors with ICOS-Fc-loaded biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) could instead prove effectiveness in reducing tumor growth. Here, ICOS-Fc was loaded in two types of polymer nanoparticles, i.e. cross-linked β-cyclodextrin nanosponges (CDNS) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs and in vitro characterized. In vivo experiments showed that treatment of C57BL6/J mice with ICOS-Fc loaded into the two nanoformulations inhibits the growth of established subcutaneous B16-F10 tumors. This anticancer activity appears to involve both anti-angiogenic and immunoregulatory effects, as shown by decreased tumor vascularization and downmodulation of IL-10 and Foxp3, two markers of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Overall, the substantial in vivo anticancer activity of ICOS-Fc-loaded CDNS and PLGA NPs against different components of the tumor microenvironment makes these nanoformulations attractive candidates for future combination cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nausicaa Clemente
- Department of Health Sciences, Inter Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases, UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Elena Boggio
- Department of Health Sciences, Inter Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases, UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Luca Casimiro Gigliotti
- Department of Health Sciences, Inter Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases, UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Raineri
- Department of Health Sciences, Inter Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases, UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Benedetta Ferrara
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Gianluca Miglio
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Monica Argenziano
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiocchetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Inter Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases, UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cappellano
- Department of Health Sciences, Inter Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases, UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Francesco Trotta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Caldera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Junji Yagi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Maria Josè Rojo
- Departamento de Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Filippo Renò
- Department of Health Sciences, Inter Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases, UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Chiara Dianzani
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Department of Health Sciences, Inter Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases, UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
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Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are enzymes that catalyze changes in the torsional and flexural strain of DNA molecules. Earlier studies implicated these enzymes in a variety of processes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including DNA replication, transcription, recombination, and chromosome segregation. Studies performed over the past 3 years have provided new insight into the roles of various topoisomerases in maintaining eukaryotic chromosome structure and facilitating the decatenation of daughter chromosomes at cell division. In addition, recent studies have demonstrated that the incorporation of ribonucleotides into DNA results in trapping of topoisomerase I (TOP1)–DNA covalent complexes during aborted ribonucleotide removal. Importantly, such trapped TOP1–DNA covalent complexes, formed either during ribonucleotide removal or as a consequence of drug action, activate several repair processes, including processes involving the recently described nuclear proteases SPARTAN and GCNA-1. A variety of new TOP1 inhibitors and formulations, including antibody–drug conjugates and PEGylated complexes, exert their anticancer effects by also trapping these TOP1–DNA covalent complexes. Here we review recent developments and identify further questions raised by these new findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Ann Bjornsti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0019, USA
| | - Scott H Kaufmann
- Departments of Oncology and Molecular Pharmacolgy & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
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Bessone F, Argenziano M, Grillo G, Ferrara B, Pizzimenti S, Barrera G, Cravotto G, Guiot C, Stura I, Cavalli R, Dianzani C. Low-dose curcuminoid-loaded in dextran nanobubbles can prevent metastatic spreading in prostate cancer cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:214004. [PMID: 30654342 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaff96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Preventing recurrences and metastasis of prostate cancer after prostatectomy by administering adjuvant therapies is quite a controversial issue. In addition to effectiveness, absence of side effects and long term toxicity are mandatory. Curcuminoids (Curc) extracted with innovative techniques and effectively loaded by polymeric nanobubbles (Curc-NBs) satisfy such requirements. Curc-NBs showed stable over 30 d, were effectively internalized by tumor cells and were able to slowly release Curc in a sustained way. Significant biological effects were detected in PC-3 and DU-145 cell lines where Curc-NBs were able to inhibit adhesion and migration, to promote cell apoptosis and to affect cell viability and colony-forming capacity in a dose-dependent manner. Since the favourable effects are already detectable at very low doses, which can be reached at a clinical level, the actual drug concentration can be visualized and monitored by US or MRI, Curc-NBs can be proposed as an effective adjuvant theranostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bessone
- Department of Drug Science & Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Kang X, Wang H, Li Y, Xiao Y, Zhao L, Zhang T, Zhou S, Zhou X, Li Y, Shou Z, Chen C, Li B. Alantolactone induces apoptosis through ROS-mediated AKT pathway and inhibition of PINK1-mediated mitophagy in human HepG2 cells. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:1961-1970. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1593854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Kang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
- College of Life Science, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Hijuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
- College of Life Science, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Yanwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
- College of Life Science, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
- College of Life Science, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
- College of Life Science, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
- College of Life Science, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Shaohe Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
- College of Life Science, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Xiaolun Zhou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Gansu medical college, Pingliang, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Computer Sciences, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Zhexing Shou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Chao Chen
- College of Life Science, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
- College of Life Science, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
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Argenziano M, Haimhoffer A, Bastiancich C, Jicsinszky L, Caldera F, Trotta F, Scutera S, Alotto D, Fumagalli M, Musso T, Castagnoli C, Cavalli R. In Vitro Enhanced Skin Permeation and Retention of Imiquimod Loaded in β-Cyclodextrin Nanosponge Hydrogel. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11030138. [PMID: 30897794 PMCID: PMC6471382 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11030138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Imiquimod (IMQ) is an immune response modifier clinically used for the treatment of various topical diseases. However, its poor aqueous solubility and skin penetration capability make the topical delivery of IMQ a challenging task. This work aims at developing a nanomedicine-based topical formulation, carrying IMQ to control the scarring process for the treatment of aberrant wounds. For this purpose, IMQ was loaded in β-cyclodextrin-based nanosponges and dispersed in a hydrogel suitable for dermal application. The formulation was characterized in vitro and compared with IMQ inclusion complexes, with (2-hydroxy)propyl β-cyclodextrin(HPβCD) and carboxymethyl β-cyclodextrin (CMβCD) showing enhanced penetration properties. The hydrogel containing IMQ-loaded nanosponges could act as a drug reservoir and guarantee the sustained release of IMQ through the skin. A greater inhibitory effect on fibroblast proliferation was observed for IMQ loaded in nanosponges compared to the other formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Argenziano
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Adam Haimhoffer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, H-4033 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Chiara Bastiancich
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, 13344 Marseille, France.
| | - László Jicsinszky
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Caldera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Francesco Trotta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Sara Scutera
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Sanità Pubblica e Pediatriche, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Daniela Alotto
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistiche, Banca della Cute, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Mara Fumagalli
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistiche, Banca della Cute, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Musso
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Sanità Pubblica e Pediatriche, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Carlotta Castagnoli
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistiche, Banca della Cute, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy.
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Dilshara MG, Jayasooriya RGPT, Choi YH, Kim GY. Camptothecin induces c-Myc- and Sp1-mediated hTERT expression in LNCaP cells: Involvement of reactive oxygen species and PI3K/Akt. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 127:53-60. [PMID: 30851366 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT), a quinoline alkaloid isolated from Camptotheca acuminate, targets topoisomerase I, which is continuously expressed in cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for CPT-induced telomerase inhibition remain unclear. Unexpectedly, we found that CPT upregulates hTERT expression and concomitantly increases telomerase activity. However, transfection of hTERT-targeting siRNA had no effect on CPT-induced G2/M phase arrest, suggesting that CPT-induced telomerase activation was not related to G2/M phase arrest. CPT simultaneously increased Nrf2 expression and the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), whereas pretreatment with the antioxidants N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) or glutathione (GSH) strongly attenuated ROS production, which was accompanied by hTERT downregulation. Additionally, transient Nrf2 knockdown enhanced CPT-induced ROS production and hTERT promoter activity. CPT also upregulated hTERT expression and telomerase activity by inducing c-Myc and Sp1 expression and activity. Moreover, c-Myc stimulated ROS production in response to CPT, leading to Sp1 activation, which promoted hTERT expression and telomerase activity. CPT treatment enhanced the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt, which led to hTERT phosphorylation into the nucleus. These findings demonstrate that CPT positively regulates telomerase activity by upregulating hTERT expression and phosphorylation via the c-Myc/ROS/Sp1 and PI3K/Akt axis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
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Exploiting PLGA-Based Biocompatible Nanoparticles for Next-Generation Tolerogenic Vaccines against Autoimmune Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010204. [PMID: 30626016 PMCID: PMC6337481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Tolerogenic vaccines are aimed at inhibiting antigen-specific immune responses. Antigen-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) have been recently emerged as ideal tools for tolerogenic vaccination because their composition, size, and capability of loading immunomodulatory molecules can be readily exploited to induce peripheral tolerance. Among polymeric NPs, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs have the advantage of currently holding approval for several applications in drug delivery, diagnostics, and other clinical uses by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). PLGA-NPs are non-toxic and display excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability properties. Moreover, surface functionalization may improve their interaction with biological materials, thereby optimizing targeting and performance. PLGA-NPs are the most extensively studied in pre-clinical model in the field of tolerogenic vaccination. Thus, this review describes their potential applications in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Silver Nanoparticles Potentiates Cytotoxicity and Apoptotic Potential of Camptothecin in Human Cervical Cancer Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6121328. [PMID: 30647812 PMCID: PMC6311846 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6121328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used metal nanoparticles in health care industries, particularly due to its unique physical, chemical, optical, and biological properties. It is used as an antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and anticancer agent. Camptothecin (CPT) and its derivatives function as inhibitors of topoisomerase and as potent anticancer agents against a variety of cancers. Nevertheless, the combined actions of CPT and AgNPs in apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) have not been elucidated. Hence, we investigated the synergistic combinatorial effect of CPT and AgNPs in human cervical cancer cells. We synthesized AgNPs using sinigrin as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using various analytical techniques. The anticancer effects of a combined treatment with CPT and AgNPs were evaluated using a series of cellular and biochemical assays. The expression of pro- and antiapoptotic genes was measured using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The findings from this study revealed that the combination of CPT and AgNPs treatment significantly inhibited cell viability and proliferation of HeLa cells. Moreover, the combination effect significantly increases the levels of oxidative stress markers and decreases antioxidative stress markers compared to single treatment. Further, the combined treatment upregulate various proapoptotic gene expression and downregulate antiapoptotic gene expression. Interestingly, the combined treatment modulates various cellular signaling molecules involved in cell survival, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis. Overall, these results suggest that CPT and AgNPs cause cell death by inducing the mitochondrial membrane permeability change and activation of caspase 9, 6, and 3. The synergistic cytotoxicity and apoptosis effect seems to be associated with increased ROS formation and depletion of antioxidant. Certainly, a combination of CPT and AgNPs could provide a beneficial effect in the treatment of cervical cancer compared with monotherapy.
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Argenziano M, Lombardi C, Ferrara B, Trotta F, Caldera F, Blangetti M, Koltai H, Kapulnik Y, Yarden R, Gigliotti L, Dianzani U, Dianzani C, Prandi C, Cavalli R. Glutathione/pH-responsive nanosponges enhance strigolactone delivery to prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:35813-35829. [PMID: 30533197 PMCID: PMC6254672 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are carotenoid-derived plant hormones that exhibit anti-cancer activities. We previously demonstrated that two SL analogues, MEB55 and ST362, inhibit the growth and survival of various cancer cell lines. However, these compounds have low aqueous solubility and stability at physiological pH. Here, we generated SL-loaded glutathione/pH-responsive nanosponges (GSH/pH-NS) to selectively deliver SLs to prostate cancer cells and enhance their therapeutic efficacy. The SLs were readily incorporated into the GSH/pH-NS. The drug loading efficiency was 13.9% for MEB55 and 15.4% for ST362, and the encapsulation efficiency was 88.7% and 96.5%, respectively. Kinetic analysis revealed that release of MEB55 and ST362 from the GSH/pH-NS was accelerated at acidic pH and in the presence of a high GSH concentration. Evaluation of the effects of MEB55- and ST362-loaded GSH/pH-NS on the growth of DU145 (high GSH) and PC-3 (low GSH) prostate cancer cells revealed that the GSH/pH-NS inhibited the proliferation of DU145 cells to a greater extent than free MEB55 or ST362 over a range of concentrations. These findings indicate GSH/pH-NS are efficient tools for controlled delivery of SLs to prostate cancer cells and may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Argenziano
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Benedetta Ferrara
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Hinanit Koltai
- Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeTsiyon, Israel
| | - Yoram Kapulnik
- Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeTsiyon, Israel
| | - Ronit Yarden
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Luca Gigliotti
- Department of Health Sciences, Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Department of Health Sciences, Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Dianzani
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Lee WH, Loo CY, Ghadiri M, Leong CR, Young PM, Traini D. The potential to treat lung cancer via inhalation of repurposed drugs. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 133:107-130. [PMID: 30189271 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a highly invasive and prevalent disease with ineffective first-line treatment and remains the leading cause of cancer death in men and women. Despite the improvements in diagnosis and therapy, the prognosis and outcome of lung cancer patients is still poor. This could be associated with the lack of effective first-line oncology drugs, formation of resistant tumors and non-optimal administration route. Therefore, the repurposing of existing drugs currently used for different indications and the introduction of a different method of drug administration could be investigated as an alternative to improve lung cancer therapy. This review describes the rationale and development of repositioning of drugs for lung cancer treatment with emphasis on inhalation. The review includes the current progress of repurposing non-cancer drugs, as well as current chemotherapeutics for lung malignancies via inhalation. Several potential non-cancer drugs such as statins, itraconazole and clarithromycin, that have demonstrated preclinical anti-cancer activity, are also presented. Furthermore, the potential challenges and limitations that might hamper the clinical translation of repurposed oncology drugs are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Hin Lee
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur (RCMP UniKL), Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia; Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; Centre for Lung Cancer Research, 431 Glebe Point Road, 2037, Australia.
| | - Ching-Yee Loo
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur (RCMP UniKL), Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia; Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; Centre for Lung Cancer Research, 431 Glebe Point Road, 2037, Australia
| | - Maliheh Ghadiri
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; Centre for Lung Cancer Research, 431 Glebe Point Road, 2037, Australia
| | - Chean-Ring Leong
- Section of Bioengineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur (UniKL) MICET, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Paul M Young
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; Centre for Lung Cancer Research, 431 Glebe Point Road, 2037, Australia
| | - Daniela Traini
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; Centre for Lung Cancer Research, 431 Glebe Point Road, 2037, Australia
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Gong JZ, Li QJ, Wang X, Ma YP, Zhang XH, Zhao L, Chang ZY, Ronse De Craene L. Floral morphology and morphogenesis in Camptotheca (Nyssaceae), and its systematic significance. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 121:1411-1425. [PMID: 29584809 PMCID: PMC6007274 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Camptotheca is endemic to China and there are limited data about the breeding system and morphogenesis of the flowers. Camptotheca is thought to be related to Nyssa and Davidia in Nyssaceae, which has sometimes been included in Cornaceae. However, molecular phylogenetic studies confirmed the inclusion of Camptotheca in Nyssaceae and its exclusion from Cornaceae. The aim of this study was to reveal developmental features of the inflorescence and flowers in Camptotheca to compare with related taxa in Cornales. METHODS Inflorescences and flowers of Camptotheca acuminata at all developmental stages were collected and studied with a scanning electron microscope and stereo microscope. KEY RESULTS Camptotheca has botryoids which are composed of several capitate floral units (FUs) that are initiated acropetally. On each FU, flowers are grouped in dyads that are initiated acropetally. All floral organs are initiated centripetally. Calyx lobes are restricted to five teeth. The hypanthium, with five toothed calyx lobes, is adnate to the ovary. The five petals are free and valvate. Ten stamens are inserted in two whorls around the central depression, in which the style is immersed. Three carpels are initiated independently but the ovary is syncarpous and unilocular. The ovule is unitegmic and heterotropous. Inflorescences are functionally andromonoecious varying with the position of the FUs on the inflorescence system. Flowers on the upper FU often have robust styles and fully developed ovules. Flowers on the lower FU have undeveloped styles and aborted ovules, and the flowers on the middle FU are transitional. CONCLUSIONS Camptotheca possesses several traits that unify it with Nyssa, Mastixia and Diplopanax. Inflorescence and floral characters support a close relationship with Nyssaceae and Mastixiaceae but a distant relationship with Cornus. Our results corroborate molecular inferences and support a separate family Nyssaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-zhi Gong
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Herbarium of Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qiu-jie Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Herbarium of Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Herbarium of Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yue-ping Ma
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao-hui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Herbarium of Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhao-yang Chang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Herbarium of Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Ramasamy S, Sam David RJR, Enoch IVMV. Folate-molecular encapsulator-tethered biocompatible polymer grafted with magnetic nanoparticles for augmented drug delivery. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:675-682. [PMID: 29726296 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1468340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic ferrite nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with biocompatible polymers capable of drug loading and release are fascinating nanostructures for delivering anti-cancer drugs. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel β-cyclodextrin-folate-tethered dextran polymer. Nickel-zinc ferrite nanoparticles are prepared and coated with the polymer to form a biocompatible hybrid magnetic nanocarrier. To establish the significance of folate unit of the polymer in anticancer activity, a similar derivatized polymer, i.e. β-cyclodextrin-dextran conjugate without folate tether is used for comparison. The size of the hybrid MNPs is ∼20 nm, which is a size suitable for cancer drug targeting. The polymer-coated magnetic nanocarriers are soft ferromagnets as suggested by their narrow magnetic hysteresis loops. The anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT) is loaded on the magnetic nanocarriers. The drug loading efficiency is observed to be above 92%. The nanocarriers show sustained in vitro drug release for above 45 h. The in vitro cytotoxicity studies reveal that the loaded CPT retains its potency in the nanocarrier and the folate-tethered nanocarrier shows better anticancer activity than the one which does not carry a folate unit. The magnetic nanocarrier is suitable for magnetic field-guided drug transport, enhanced drug loading and release and folate receptor-mediated endocytotic uptake of drugs by cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaraj Ramasamy
- a Chemistry Research Lab, School of Engineering & Technology , Karunya Institute of Technology & Sciences , Coimbatore , India
| | | | - Israel V M V Enoch
- a Chemistry Research Lab, School of Engineering & Technology , Karunya Institute of Technology & Sciences , Coimbatore , India.,c Nanotoxicology Research Lab, School of Engineering & Technology , Karunya Institute of Technology & Sciences , Coimbatore , India
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Caldera F, Argenziano M, Trotta F, Dianzani C, Gigliotti L, Tannous M, Pastero L, Aquilano D, Nishimoto T, Higashiyama T, Cavalli R. Cyclic nigerosyl-1,6-nigerose-based nanosponges: An innovative pH and time-controlled nanocarrier for improving cancer treatment. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 194:111-121. [PMID: 29801818 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The design and structural optimisation of a novel polysaccharide-based nanomaterial for the controlled and sustained release of doxorubicin are here reported. A cross-linked polymer was obtained by reacting a tetraglucose, named cyclic nigerosyl-1-6-nigerose (CNN), with pyromellitic dianhydride. The cross-linking reaction formed solid nanoparticles, named nanosponges, able to swell as a function of the pH. Nanoparticle sizes were reduced using High Pressure Homogenization, to obtain uniform nanosuspensions. Doxorubicin was incorporated into the CNN-nanosponges in a good extent. DSC and solid state NMR analyses proved the drug interaction with the polymer matrix. In vitro studies demonstrated pH-dependent slow and prolonged release kinetics of the drug from the nanoformulation. Doxorubicin-loaded CNN-nanosponges were easily internalized in A2780 cell line. They might considered an intracellular doxorubicin reservoir, able to slowly release the drug over time. CNN-nanosponges may be promising biocompatible nanocarriers for the sustained delivery of doxorubicin with potential localised application in cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Caldera
- Dipartimento di Chimica-Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - M Argenziano
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco-Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - F Trotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica-Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - C Dianzani
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco-Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - L Gigliotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, UPO, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - M Tannous
- Dipartimento di Chimica-Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - L Pastero
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Torino, Via V. Caluso 35, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - D Aquilano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Torino, Via V. Caluso 35, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - T Nishimoto
- Division Manager New Material Development Division R&D Center Hayashibara Co., Ltd. 675-1 Fujisaki, Naka-ku, Okayama 702-8006, Japan
| | - T Higashiyama
- NAGASE (EUROPA) GmbH/Hayashibara-Immermannstrasse 65c, 40210 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - R Cavalli
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco-Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy.
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Femminò S, Penna C, Bessone F, Caldera F, Dhakar N, Cau D, Pagliaro P, Cavalli R, Trotta F. α-Cyclodextrin and α-Cyclodextrin Polymers as Oxygen Nanocarriers to Limit Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury: Implications from an In Vitro Model. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10020211. [PMID: 30966247 PMCID: PMC6414891 DOI: 10.3390/polym10020211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of heart failure (HF) is increasing worldwide and myocardial infarction (MI), which follows ischemia and reperfusion (I/R), is often at the basis of HF development. Nanocarriers are interesting particles for their potential application in cardiovascular disease. Impaired drug delivery in ischemic disease is challenging. Cyclodextrin nanosponges (NS) can be considered innovative tools for improving oxygen delivery in a controlled manner. This study has developed new α-cyclodextrin-based formulations as oxygen nanocarriers such as native α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), branched α-cyclodextrin polymer (α-CD POLY), and α-cyclodextrin nanosponges (α-CD NS). The three different α-CD-based formulations were tested at 0.2, 2, and 20 µg/mL to ascertain their capability to reduce cell mortality during hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) in vitro protocols. H9c2, a cardiomyoblast cell line, was exposed to normoxia (20% oxygen) or hypoxia (5% CO2 and 95% N2). The different formulations, applied before hypoxia, induced a significant reduction in cell mortality (in a range of 15% to 30%) when compared to samples devoid of oxygen. Moreover, their application at the beginning of reoxygenation induced a considerable reduction in cell death (12% to 20%). α-CD NS showed a marked efficacy in controlled oxygenation, which suggests an interesting potential for future medical application of polymer systems for MI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saveria Femminò
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy.
| | - Claudia Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy.
| | - Federica Bessone
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Caldera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Nilesh Dhakar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Daniele Cau
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Pagliaro
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy.
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Francesco Trotta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
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Rotondi M, Coperchini F, Latrofa F, Chiovato L. Role of Chemokines in Thyroid Cancer Microenvironment: Is CXCL8 the Main Player? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:314. [PMID: 29977225 PMCID: PMC6021500 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-related inflammation does influence the biological behavior of neoplastic cells and ultimately the patient's outcome. With specific regard to thyroid cancer, the issue of tumor-associated inflammation has been extensively studied and recently reviewed. However, the role of chemokines, which play a crucial role in determining the immuno-phenotype of tumor-related inflammation, was not addressed in previous reviews on the topic. Experimental evidence shows that thyroid cancer cells actively secrete a wide spectrum of chemokines and, at least for some of them, solid scientific data support a role for these immune-active molecules in the aggressive behavior of the tumor. Our proposal for a review article on chemokines and thyroid cancer stems from the notion that chemokines, besides having the ability to attract and maintain immune cells at the tumor site, also produce several pro-tumorigenic actions, which include proangiogenetic, cytoproliferative, and pro-metastatic effects. Studies taking into account the role of CCL15, C-X-C motif ligand 12, CXCL16, CXCL1, CCL20, and CCL2 in the context of thyroid cancer will be reviewed with particular emphasis on CXCL8. The reason for focusing on CXCL8 is that this chemokine is the most studied one in human malignancies, displaying multifaceted pro-tumorigenic effects. These include enhancement of tumor cells growth, metastatization, and angiogenesis overall contributing to the progression of several cancers including thyroid cancer. We aim at reviewing current knowledge on the (i) ability of both normal and tumor thyroid cells to secrete CXCL8; (ii) direct/indirect pro-tumorigenic effects of CXCL8 demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo studies specifically performed on thyroid cancer cells; and (iii) pharmacologic strategies proven to be effective for lowering CXCL8 secretion and/or its effects on thyroid cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Rotondi
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Coperchini
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Latrofa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Chiovato
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Luca Chiovato,
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Natural Cyclopeptide RA-XII, a New Autophagy Inhibitor, Suppresses Protective Autophagy for Enhancing Apoptosis through AMPK/mTOR/P70S6K Pathways in HepG2 Cells. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111934. [PMID: 29137114 PMCID: PMC6150396 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a progressive, irreversible and aggressive malignant disease, which has no effective chemotherapeutic drugs. RA-XII, a natural cyclopeptide isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Rubia yunnanensis, exerts anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. This work aimed to investigate the effects of RA-XII on a hepatic tumor and its underlying mechanisms in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. The results showed that RA-XII effectively inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells. Consistently, RA-XII significantly induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells by decreasing the expression of caspase 3, 8, 9, and promoting the Cleavage of PARP. Moreover, RA-XII-induced apoptosis was attenuated in the presence of apoptosis inhibitor N-Benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp (O-Me) fluoromethyl keton, suggesting that RA-XII induced apoptosis-cell-death in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, autophagy-related proteins and mRNA levels were dramatically reduced after RA-XII treatment. Meanwhile, we observed that autophagy inhibitor chloroquine could enhance apoptosis in RA-XII-treated HepG2 cells, indicating that autophagy played a protective role in HepG2 cells and RA-XII might inhibit protective autophagy. Further analysis showed that RA-XII inhibited AMPK phosphorylation and led to the mTOR/P70S6K pathway activation, suggesting that RA-XII inhibited autophagy through AMPK/mTOR/P70S6K pathways. This study demonstrated that RA-XII promoted apoptosis and inhibited protective autophagy through AMPK/mTOR/P70S6K pathways in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, these findings suggest that RA-XII might potentially be a candidate as an autophagy inhibitor agent for further therapy of liver cancer.
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