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Deng Z, Liu L, Liu W, Liu R, Ma T, Xin Y, Xie Y, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Tang Y. Alterations in the fecal microbiota of methamphetamine users with bad sleep quality during abstinence. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:324. [PMID: 38664669 PMCID: PMC11046801 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05773-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methamphetamine (MA) abuse has resulted in a plethora of social issues. Sleep disturbance is a prominent issue about MA addiction, which serve as a risk factor for relapse, and the gut microbiota could play an important role in the pathophysiological mechanisms of sleep disturbances. Therefore, improving sleep quality can be beneficial for treating methamphetamine addiction, and interventions addressing the gut microbiota may represent a promising approach. METHOD We recruited 70 MA users to investigate the associations between sleep quality and fecal microbiota by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which was divided into MA-GS (PSQI score < 7, MA users with good sleep quality, n = 49) and MA-BS group (PSQI score ≥ 7, MA users with bad sleep quality, n = 21). In addition, we compared the gut microbiota between the MA-GS and healthy control (HC, n = 38) groups. 16S rRNA sequencing was applied to identify the gut bacteria. RESULT The study revealed that the relative abundances of the Thermoanaerobacterales at the order level differed between the MA-GS and MA-BS groups. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between the relative abundance of the genus Sutterella and daytime dysfunction. Furthermore, comparisons between MA users and HCs revealed differences in beta diversity and relative abundances of various bacterial taxa. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the study investigated alterations in the gut microbiota among MA users. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the genus Sutterella changes may be associated with daytime dysfunction, suggesting that the genus Sutterella may be a biomarker for bad sleep quality in MA users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Deng
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Linzi Liu
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Wen Liu
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Ruina Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Tao Ma
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yide Xin
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yu Xie
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yifang Zhou
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yanqing Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, PR China.
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Alagiakrishnan K, Morgadinho J, Halverson T. Approach to the diagnosis and management of dysbiosis. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1330903. [PMID: 38706561 PMCID: PMC11069313 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1330903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
All microorganisms like bacteria, viruses and fungi that reside within a host environment are considered a microbiome. The number of bacteria almost equal that of human cells, however, the genome of these bacteria may be almost 100 times larger than the human genome. Every aspect of the physiology and health can be influenced by the microbiome living in various parts of our body. Any imbalance in the microbiome composition or function is seen as dysbiosis. Different types of dysbiosis are seen and the corresponding symptoms depend on the site of microbial imbalance. The contribution of the intestinal and extra-intestinal microbiota to influence systemic activities is through interplay between different axes. Whole body dysbiosis is a complex process involving gut microbiome and non-gut related microbiome. It is still at the stage of infancy and has not yet been fully understood. Dysbiosis can be influenced by genetic factors, lifestyle habits, diet including ultra-processed foods and food additives, as well as medications. Dysbiosis has been associated with many systemic diseases and cannot be diagnosed through standard blood tests or investigations. Microbiota derived metabolites can be analyzed and can be useful in the management of dysbiosis. Whole body dysbiosis can be addressed by altering lifestyle factors, proper diet and microbial modulation. The effect of these interventions in humans depends on the beneficial microbiome alteration mostly based on animal studies with evolving evidence from human studies. There is tremendous potential for the human microbiome in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diseases, as well as, for the monitoring of health and disease in humans. Whole body system-based approach to the diagnosis of dysbiosis is better than a pure taxonomic approach. Whole body dysbiosis could be a new therapeutic target in the management of various health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joao Morgadinho
- Kaye Edmonton Clinic, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tyler Halverson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Browning BD, Kirkland AE, Green R, Liu H, Glover JS, Ticer TD, Engevik MA, Alekseyenko AV, Ferguson PL, Tomko RL, Squeglia LM. Adolescent alcohol use is associated with differences in the diversity and composition of the oral microbiome. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024. [PMID: 38631877 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a sensitive stage of oral microbial development that often coincides with the initiation and escalation of alcohol use. Thus, adolescents may be particularly susceptible to alcohol-induced alterations in the oral microbiome, though minimal research has been done in this area. Understanding the connection between the oral microbiome and alcohol use during adolescence is important to understand fully the biological consequences of alcohol use to mitigate potential adverse outcomes. METHODS Saliva samples were collected from adolescents aged 17-19 who used alcohol heavily (n = 21, 52.4% female) and those who did not use alcohol or any other substances (n = 18, 44.4% female). We utilized 16S rRNA sequencing to examine differences in microbial diversity and composition between the groups. RESULTS For alpha diversity, evenness was significantly lower in the drinking group than the control group as indicated by Pielou's evenness, Shannon, and Simpson indices. There were no statistically significant findings for beta diversity. Differential abundance analyses revealed higher abundances of Rothia and Corynebacterium in the alcohol-using group using both centered-log-ratio and relative abundance normalization. These genera are known for their high capacity to convert alcohol into acetaldehyde, a toxic metabolite reported to play a role in the neurobiological effects of alcohol. An unclassified Clostridia UCG-014, Streptobacillus, Comamonas, unclassified Lachnospiraceae, and Parvimonas were also identified as significantly different between groups when using only one of the normalization techniques. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study designed specifically to compare the oral microbiome of adolescents who use alcohol with that of control participants. Our findings reveal distinct alcohol-related differences in microbial composition and taxon abundance, emphasizing the importance of understanding the impact on the oral microbiome of alcohol use during adolescence. Because the oral microbiome is malleable, this study provides foundational work for future prevention and intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney D Browning
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Anna E Kirkland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Rejoyce Green
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Helen Liu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Janiece S Glover
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Taylor D Ticer
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Mindy A Engevik
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Alexander V Alekseyenko
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Pamela L Ferguson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Rachel L Tomko
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lindsay M Squeglia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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Hofford RS, Kiraly DD. Clinical and Preclinical Evidence for Gut Microbiome Mechanisms in Substance Use Disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:329-338. [PMID: 37573004 PMCID: PMC10884738 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Substance use disorders are a set of recalcitrant neuropsychiatric conditions that cause tremendous morbidity and mortality and are among the leading causes of loss of disability-adjusted life years worldwide. While each specific substance use disorder is driven by problematic use of a different substance, they all share a similar pattern of escalating and out-of-control substance use, continued use despite negative consequences, and a remitting/relapsing pattern over time. Despite significant advances in our understanding of the neurobiology of these conditions, current treatment options remain few and are ineffective for too many individuals. In recent years, there has been a rapidly growing body of literature demonstrating that the resident population of microbes in the gastrointestinal tract, collectively called the gut microbiome, plays an important role in modulating brain and behavior in preclinical and clinical studies of psychiatric disease. While these findings have not yet been translated into clinical practice, this remains an important and exciting avenue for translational research. In this review, we highlight the current state of microbiome-brain research within the substance use field with a focus on both clinical and preclinical studies. We also discuss potential neurobiological mechanisms underlying microbiome effects on models of substance use disorder and propose future directions to bring these findings from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Hofford
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Drew D Kiraly
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Department of Psychiatry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
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Browning BD, Kirkland AE, Green R, Engevik M, Alekseyenko AV, Leggio L, Tomko RL, Squeglia LM. The adolescent and young adult microbiome and its association with substance use: a scoping review. Alcohol Alcohol 2024; 59:agad055. [PMID: 37665023 PMCID: PMC10979412 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The microbiome is a critical factor in health throughout human development. The aims of this scoping review are to (i) elucidate the differences between the youth (post-natal day 21-65 for rodents, 2-7 years for non-human primates, and 10-25 years for humans) microbiome with other life stages and (ii) identify youth-specific microbial changes associated with substance use. METHODS Peer-reviewed studies published up to May 2023 were identified in PubMed and SCOPUS and included gut and oral microbiome studies from rodents, non-human primates, and humans (N = 1733). Twenty-six articles were determined eligible based on inclusion criteria (aim 1: n = 19, aim 2: n = 7). RESULTS The adolescent and young adult oral and gut microbiomes are distinct compared to other life stages, within both non-human and human models. While there is limited research in this area, the microbiome appears to be vulnerable to substance use exposure earlier in life, including substances commonly initiated and escalated during adolescence and young adulthood (i.e. alcohol, cannabis, and tobacco). CONCLUSIONS Studies across the lifespan indicate that adolescence and young adulthood are distinct periods of development, where the microbiome is sensitive to exposures, including substance use. There is a need for more studies focused on the adolescent and young adult microbiome and substance use, as well as focused on the oral microbiome during this developmental period. Understanding the gut and oral microbiome during adolescence and young adulthood may provide insight into the pathophysiology of substance use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney D Browning
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President St., Charleston, SC 29425, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Anna E Kirkland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President St., Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Rejoyce Green
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President St., Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Melinda Engevik
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston SC, 29425, United States
| | - Alexander V Alekseyenko
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Biomedical Informatics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 135 Cannon St., Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Lorenzo Leggio
- Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rachel L Tomko
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President St., Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Lindsay M Squeglia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President St., Charleston, SC 29425, United States
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Tanaka A, Sanada K, Miyaho K, Tachibana T, Kurokawa S, Ishii C, Noda Y, Nakajima S, Fukuda S, Mimura M, Kishimoto T, Iwanami A. The relationship between sleep, gut microbiota, and metabolome in patients with depression and anxiety: A secondary analysis of the observational study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0296047. [PMID: 38117827 PMCID: PMC10732403 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing attention is paid to the association between alterations in the gut microbiota and their metabolites in patients with psychiatric disorders. Our study aimed to determine how gut microbiota and metabolomes are related to the sleep quality among patients with depression and anxiety disorders by analyzing the datasets of our previous study. METHODS Samples were collected from 40 patients (depression: 32 patients [80.0%]); anxiety disorders: 8 patients [20.0%]) in this study. Gut microbiomes were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and gut metabolomes were analyzed by a mass spectrometry approach. Based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), patients were categorized into two groups: the insomnia group (PSQI score ≥ 9, n = 20) and the non-insomnia group (PSQI score < 9, n = 20). RESULTS The insomnia group showed a lower alpha diversity in the Chao1 and Shannon indices than the non-insomnia group after the false discovery rate (FDR) correction. The relative abundance of genus Bacteroides showed a positive correlation with PSQI scores in the non-insomnia group. The concentrations of glucosamine and N-methylglutamate were significantly higher in the insomnia group than in the non-insomnia group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that specific taxa could affect the sleep quality among patients with depression and anxiety disorders. Further studies are needed to elucidate the impact of sleep on specific gut microbiota and metabolomes in depression and anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arisa Tanaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Sanada
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuma Miyaho
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Tachibana
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunya Kurokawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiharu Ishii
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shinji Fukuda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata, Japan
- Intestinal Microbiota Project, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Akira Iwanami
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Hu L, Ni Z, Zhao K, Li X, Gao X, Kang Y, Yu Z, Qin Y, Zhao J, Peng W, Lu L, Sun H. The association between oral and gut microbiota in male patients with alcohol dependence. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1203678. [PMID: 37577447 PMCID: PMC10422022 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1203678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The relationship between oral and gut microbiota in alcohol dependence (AD) is not well understood, particularly the effects of oral microbiota on the intestinal microbiota. The current study aimed to explore the association between oral and gut microbiota in AD to clarify whether oral microbiota could ectopically colonize into the gut. Methods 16S rRNA sequence libraries were used to compare oral and gut microbial profiles in persons with AD and healthy controls (HC). Source Tracker and NetShift were used to identify bacteria responsible for ectopic colonization and indicate the driver function of ectopic colonization bacteria. Results The α-diversity of oral microbiota and intestinal microbiota was significantly decreased in persons with AD (all p < 0.05). Principal coordinate analysis indicated greater similarity between oral and gut microbiota in persons with AD than that in HC, and oral-gut overlaps in microbiota were found for 9 genera in persons with AD relative to only 3 genera in HC. The contribution ratio of oral microbiota to intestinal microbiota composition in AD is 5.26% based on Source Tracker,and the AD with ectopic colonization showed the daily maximum standard drinks, red blood cell counts, hemoglobin content, and PACS scores decreasing (all p < 0.05). Discussion Results highlight the connection between oral-gut microbiota in AD and suggest novel potential mechanistic possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingming Hu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaojun Ni
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kangqing Zhao
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangxue Li
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejiao Gao
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Kang
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhoulong Yu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Qin
- The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Peng
- The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Centre for Life Sciences and PKU-DG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqiang Sun
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, China
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Markoulli M, Ahmad S, Arcot J, Arita R, Benitez-Del-Castillo J, Caffery B, Downie LE, Edwards K, Flanagan J, Labetoulle M, Misra SL, Mrugacz M, Singh S, Sheppard J, Vehof J, Versura P, Willcox MDP, Ziemanski J, Wolffsohn JS. TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of nutrition on the ocular surface. Ocul Surf 2023; 29:226-271. [PMID: 37100346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Nutrients, required by human bodies to perform life-sustaining functions, are obtained from the diet. They are broadly classified into macronutrients (carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins), micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) and water. All nutrients serve as a source of energy, provide structural support to the body and/or regulate the chemical processes of the body. Food and drinks also consist of non-nutrients that may be beneficial (e.g., antioxidants) or harmful (e.g., dyes or preservatives added to processed foods) to the body and the ocular surface. There is also a complex interplay between systemic disorders and an individual's nutritional status. Changes in the gut microbiome may lead to alterations at the ocular surface. Poor nutrition may exacerbate select systemic conditions. Similarly, certain systemic conditions may affect the uptake, processing and distribution of nutrients by the body. These disorders may lead to deficiencies in micro- and macro-nutrients that are important in maintaining ocular surface health. Medications used to treat these conditions may also cause ocular surface changes. The prevalence of nutrition-related chronic diseases is climbing worldwide. This report sought to review the evidence supporting the impact of nutrition on the ocular surface, either directly or as a consequence of the chronic diseases that result. To address a key question, a systematic review investigated the effects of intentional food restriction on ocular surface health; of the 25 included studies, most investigated Ramadan fasting (56%), followed by bariatric surgery (16%), anorexia nervosa (16%), but none were judged to be of high quality, with no randomized-controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Markoulli
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Sumayya Ahmad
- Icahn School of Medicine of Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jayashree Arcot
- Food and Health, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Australia
| | - Reiko Arita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Itoh Clinic, Saitama, Japan
| | | | | | - Laura E Downie
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katie Edwards
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Judith Flanagan
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia; Vision CRC, USA
| | - Marc Labetoulle
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Bicêtre, APHP, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; IDMIT (CEA-Paris Saclay-Inserm U1184), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Stuti L Misra
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Sumeer Singh
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - John Sheppard
- Virginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, VA, USA; Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Jelle Vehof
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Section of Ophthalmology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Ophthalmology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Piera Versura
- Cornea and Ocular Surface Analysis - Translation Research Laboratory, Ophthalmology Unit, DIMEC Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Italy; IRCCS AOU di Bologna Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mark D P Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jillian Ziemanski
- School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - James S Wolffsohn
- College of Health & Life Sciences, School of Optometry, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
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Shu X, Wang J, Zhao L, Wang J, Wang P, Zhang F, Wang R. Bifidobacterium lactis TY-S01 protects against alcoholic liver injury in mice by regulating intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17878. [PMID: 37539263 PMCID: PMC10395298 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-induced liver injury poses a significant threat to human health. Probiotics have been proven to prevent and treat alcohol-induced liver injury. In this study, the preventive effect of Bifidobacterium lactis TY-S01 on alcohol-induced liver injury in mice was investigated. TY-S01 pretreatment effectively protected mice against alcohol-induced liver injury by preserving the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in serum and maintaining the levels of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β in liver tissue. Additionally, TY-S01 could maintain the endotoxin levels in serum, maintain the mRNA expression levels of zonula occluden-1, occludin, claudin-1 and claudin-3 in the gut, and prevent gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice with alcoholic liver injury. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that there was a clear correlation among serum indicators, inflammatory cytokines and gut microbiota. In conclusion, TY-S01 attenuates alcohol-induced liver injury by protecting the integrity of the intestinal barrier and maintaining the balance of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Shu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Industry and Informatization of Probiotic Fermentation Technology in Dairy Products, Chongqing Tianyou Dairy Co., Ltd., Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Industry and Informatization of Probiotic Fermentation Technology in Dairy Products, Chongqing Tianyou Dairy Co., Ltd., Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Pengjie Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Industry and Informatization of Probiotic Fermentation Technology in Dairy Products, Chongqing Tianyou Dairy Co., Ltd., Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100190, China
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10
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Gitto S, Vizzutti F, Baldi S, Campani C, Navari N, Falcini M, Venturi G, Montanari S, Roccarina D, Arena U, Pallecchi M, Di Bonaventura C, Bartolucci G, Ramazzotti M, Citone M, Fanelli F, Amedei A, Marra F. Transjugular intrahepatic Porto-systemic shunt positively influences the composition and metabolic functions of the gut microbiota in cirrhotic patients. Dig Liver Dis 2023; 55:622-628. [PMID: 36529635 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2022.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cirrhosis and its complications may affect gut microbiota (GM) composition. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) represents the most effective treatment for portal hypertension (PH). We aimed to evaluate whether TIPS placement modifies GM composition and metabolic function. METHODS A compositional and functional GM analysis was prospectively performed in 13 cirrhotic patients receiving TIPS. Patients receiving systemic or non-absorbable antibiotics for any indications were excluded. Fecal samples were collected before and three months after TIPS. GM was analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Small- and medium-chain fatty acids (SCFAs and MCFAs, respectively) were measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. RESULTS TIPS placement resulted in a mean 48% reduction in portal-caval pressure gradient. No recurrence of PH related complications was observed. After TIPS, increased levels of Flavonifractor spp. (p = 0.049), and decreased levels of Clostridiaceae (p = 0.024), these latter linked to abdominal infections in cirrhotic patients, were observed. No differences were found in the SCFAs signature while analysis of MCFA profiles showed a decreased abundance of pro-inflammatory isohexanoic (p<0.01), 2-ethylhexanoic (p<0.01) and octanoic acids (p<0.01) after TIPS. CONCLUSION Correction of PH following TIPS results in modifications of GM composition which could be potentially beneficial and reduces the levels of fecal pro-inflammatory MCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Gitto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Vizzutti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Simone Baldi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Campani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Nadia Navari
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Margherita Falcini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Venturi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stanislao Montanari
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Davide Roccarina
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Umberto Arena
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Pallecchi
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Di Bonaventura
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Ramazzotti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Citone
- Interventional Radiology Unit, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fanelli
- Interventional Radiology Unit, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabio Marra
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Center for Research, High Education and Transfer DENOThe, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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11
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Sharma P, Singh S, Das K, Mahant S, Das R. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota due to diet, alcohol intake, body mass index, and gastrointestinal diseases in India. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:2547-2560. [PMID: 36929191 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12470-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The human gut is composed of diverse microflora which is influenced by dietary intake. Body mass index (BMI) and lifestyle patterns also play a vital role in human health to alter gut microbial composition. Our study aims to determine the impact of alcohol intake, BMI, and diet on gut microbiota and its relationship with gastrointestinal disorders. Thirty-nine gastric biopsies were taken from patients with various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, and all the patient's lifestyle behavior were recorded in a written proforma. 16S rRNA metagenome analysis for V3-V4 regions was used to examine microbial compositions. The richness and diversity of gut microbiota were analyzed by PERMANOVA using the Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index and principal component analysis. The difference in relative abundance was calculated by ANOVA (p < 0.05). Alpha diversity indexes between vegetarians and non-vegetarians showed no significant difference based on BMI, alcohol status, and GI diseases. We found that in overweight vegetarian individuals Faecalibacterium and Rumicococcus might play a role in the control of Helicobacter pylori. Similarly, the increased abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila in non-vegetarian individuals with normal BMI might play a role to decrease the level of harmful bacteria like H. pylori, and Corynebacterium sp. Also, the relative abundance of Corynebacterium sp. among the vegetarians and Streptococcus sp. in the non-vegetarians was increased in alcoholics while H. pylori was increased in non-alcoholics irrespective of diet. There is an increased abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in vegetarians among all categories; however, we did not find any correlation between disease outcomes. Our study shows that alcohol intake and dietary habits have independent effects on gut microbial composition. The relative abundance of F. prausnitzii was high among vegetarians in all categories. KEY POINTS: • The presence of H. pylori is less among alcoholics. • Good bacteria help to maintain a normal body mass index. • Gut microbiota richness is high in vegetarians and diversity in non-vegetarians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Sharma
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, 201303, UP, India
| | - Sarika Singh
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, 201303, UP, India
| | - Kunal Das
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yashoda Super Specialty Hospital, Ghaziabad, UP, India.
| | - Shweta Mahant
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, 201303, UP, India
| | - Rajashree Das
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, 201303, UP, India.
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12
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Smith ML, Wade JB, Wolstenholme J, Bajaj JS. Gut microbiome-brain-cirrhosis axis. Hepatology 2023; Publish Ahead of Print:01515467-990000000-00327. [PMID: 36866864 PMCID: PMC10480351 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Cirrhosis is characterized by inflammation, degeneration, and fibrosis of liver tissue. Along with being the most common cause of liver failure and liver transplant, cirrhosis is a significant risk factor for several neuropsychiatric conditions. The most common of these is HE, which is characterized by cognitive and ataxic symptoms, resulting from the buildup of metabolic toxins with liver failure. However, cirrhosis patients also show a significantly increased risk for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, and for mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. In recent years, more attention has been played to communication between the ways the gut and liver communicate with each other and with the central nervous system, and the way these organs influence each other's function. This bidirectional communication has come to be known as the gut-liver-brain axis. The gut microbiome has emerged as a key mechanism affecting gut-liver, gut-brain, and brain-liver communication. Clinical studies and animal models have demonstrated the significant patterns of gut dysbiosis when cirrhosis is present, both with or without concomitant alcohol use disorder, and have provided compelling evidence that this dysbiosis also influences the cognitive and mood-related behaviors. In this review, we have summarized the pathophysiological and cognitive effects associated with cirrhosis, links to cirrhosis-associated disruption of the gut microbiome, and the current evidence from clinical and preclinical studies for the modulation of the gut microbiome as a treatment for cirrhosis and associated neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren L Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - James B Wade
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jennifer Wolstenholme
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jasmohan S Bajaj
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Central Virginia Veterans Healthcare System, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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13
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Zhang H, Chong H, Yu Q, Zha Y, Cheng M, Ning K. Tracing human life trajectory using gut microbial communities by context-aware deep learning. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:6984796. [PMID: 36631408 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbial communities are highly plastic throughout life, and the human gut microbial communities show spatial-temporal dynamic patterns at different life stages. However, the underlying association between gut microbial communities and time-related factors remains unclear. The lack of context-awareness, insufficient data, and the existence of batch effect are the three major issues, making the life trajection of the host based on gut microbial communities problematic. Here, we used a novel computational approach (microDELTA, microbial-based deep life trajectory) to track longitudinal human gut microbial communities' alterations, which employs transfer learning for context-aware mining of gut microbial community dynamics at different life stages. Using an infant cohort, we demonstrated that microDELTA outperformed Neural Network for accurately predicting the age of infant with different delivery mode, especially for newborn infants of vaginal delivery with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of microDELTA and Neural Network at 0.811 and 0.436, respectively. In this context, we have discovered the influence of delivery mode on infant gut microbial communities. Along the human lifespan, we also applied microDELTA to a Chinese traveler cohort, a Hadza hunter-gatherer cohort and an elderly cohort. Results revealed the association between long-term dietary shifts during travel and adult gut microbial communities, the seasonal cycling of gut microbial communities for the Hadza hunter-gatherers, and the distinctive microbial pattern of elderly gut microbial communities. In summary, microDELTA can largely solve the issues in tracing the life trajectory of the human microbial communities and generate accurate and flexible models for a broad spectrum of microbial-based longitudinal researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular-imaging, Center of AI Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Chong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular-imaging, Center of AI Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Qingyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular-imaging, Center of AI Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Yuguo Zha
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular-imaging, Center of AI Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Mingyue Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular-imaging, Center of AI Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Kang Ning
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular-imaging, Center of AI Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
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14
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Abstract
Striving to optimize surgical outcomes, the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathway mitigates patients' stress through the implementation of evidence-based practices during the pre-, intra-, and postoperative periods. Intestinal flora is a sophisticated ecosystem integrating with the host and the external environment, which serves as a mediator in diverse interventions of ERAS to regulate human metabolism and inflammation. This review linked gut microbes and their metabolites with ERAS interventions, offering novel high-quality investigative proponents for ERAS. ERAS could alter the composition and function of intestinal flora in patients by alleviating various perioperative stress responses. Modifying gut flora through multiple modalities, such as diet and nutrition, to accelerate recovery might be a complementary approach when exploring novel ERAS initiatives. Meanwhile, the pandemic of COVID-19 and the availability of promising qualitative evidence created both challenges and opportunities for the establishment of ERAS mode.
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15
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Maki KA, Wolff B, Varuzza L, Green SJ, Barb JJ. Multi-amplicon microbiome data analysis pipelines for mixed orientation sequences using QIIME2: Assessing reference database, variable region and pre-processing bias in classification of mock bacterial community samples. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280293. [PMID: 36638095 PMCID: PMC9838852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiome research relies on next-generation sequencing and on downstream data analysis workflows. Several manufacturers have introduced multi-amplicon kits for microbiome characterization, improving speciation, but present unique challenges for analysis. The goal of this methodology study was to develop two analysis pipelines specific to mixed-orientation reads from multi-hypervariable (V) region amplicons. A secondary aim was to assess agreement with expected abundance, considering database and variable region. Mock community sequence data (n = 41) generated using the Ion16S™ Metagenomics Kit and Ion Torrent Sequencing Platform were analyzed using two workflows. Amplicons from V2, V3, V4, V6-7, V8 and V9 were deconvoluted using a specialized plugin based on CutPrimers. A separate workflow using Cutadapt is also presented. Three reference databases (Ribosomal Database Project, Greengenes and Silva) were used for taxonomic assignment. Bray-Curtis, Euclidean and Jensen-Shannon distance measures were used to evaluate overall annotation consistency, and specific taxon agreement was determined by calculating the ratio of observed to expected relative abundance. Reads that mapped to regions V2-V9 varied for both CutPrimers and Cutadapt-based methods. Within the CutPrimers-based pipeline, V3 amplicons had the best agreement with the expected distribution, tested using global distance measures, while V9 amplicons had the worst agreement. Accurate taxonomic annotation varied by genus-level taxon and V region analyzed. For the first time, we present a microbiome analysis pipeline that employs a specialized plugin to allow microbiome researchers to separate multi-amplicon data from the Ion16S Metagenomics Kit into V-specific reads. We also present an additional analysis workflow, modified for Ion Torrent mixed orientation reads. Overall, the global agreement of amplicons with the expected mock community abundances differed across V regions and reference databases. Benchmarking data should be referenced when planning a microbiome study to consider these biases related to sequencing and data analysis for multi-amplicon sequencing kits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Maki
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Brian Wolff
- National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | | | - Stefan J. Green
- Genomics and Microbiome Core Facility, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Jennifer J. Barb
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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Yang S, Ratteree K, Turner SA, Tuason RT, Brooks A, Wallen GR, Barb JJ. Dietary Intakes of Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder During a 4-Week Protocol on an Inpatient Treatment Unit Found to Meet Dietary Reference Intakes for Macronutrients, but Have Variability in Energy Balance and Adequacy of Micronutrient Intake. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022; 122:2311-2319. [PMID: 35659642 PMCID: PMC9691517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite literature supporting the importance of diet during rehabilitation, minimal research quantifies dietary intake during treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD). OBJECTIVE The aim was to quantify dietary intake and energy balance of patients with AUD during inpatient treatment. DESIGN This was a secondary analysis of data from a 4-week observational protocol. Participants self-selected food from a room service menu. Dietary intake was recorded by patients and reviewed by nutrition staff. To quantify nutrient and food group intake, data were coded into Nutrition Data Systems for Research software, versions 2016 and 2017. Daily average intake was calculated for all dietary variables. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Participants (n = 22) were adults seeking treatment for AUD at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (Bethesda, MD) between September 2016 and September 2017 and who were enrolled in a study examining the microbiome during AUD rehabilitation. Four participants discontinued protocol participation before study week 4 and were not included in analyses examining change over time. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Weight change, daily energy, and macronutrient and select micronutrient intakes were the main outcome measures included. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Mean differences in intake and weight were assessed using nonparametric tests. RESULTS Sixty-four percent of participants were male; mean ± SD age was 46.3 ± 13.0 years, mean ± SD body mass index (calculated as kg/m2) was 23.9 ± 2.5, and mean intake was 2,665 kcal/d (consisting of 45.9% carbohydrate, 34.9% fat, and 19.1% protein). Eighty percent or more of this sample met the Estimated Average Requirement for 10 of 16 micronutrients assessed. Male participants consumed more energy than estimated needs (P = .003) and gained a mean ± SD of 2.67 ± 1.84 kg (P = .006) when an outlier with weight loss and acute pancreatitis was removed from analysis. Female participants did not gain weight or consume more than estimated energy needs. CONCLUSIONS Overall macronutrient intake was within recommended ranges, but intake of other dietary components and weight gain were variable, supporting the need for individualized nutrition care during AUD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanna Yang
- Nutrition Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kelly Ratteree
- Nutrition Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sara A Turner
- Nutrition Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
| | | | - Alyssa Brooks
- Center for Scientific Review, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Gwenyth R Wallen
- Center for Scientific Review, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jennifer J Barb
- Center for Scientific Review, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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17
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Chen J, Barandouzi ZA, Lee J, Xu W, Feng B, Starkweather A, Cong X. Psychosocial and Sensory Factors Contribute to Self-Reported Pain and Quality of Life in Young Adults with Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Pain Manag Nurs 2022; 23:646-654. [PMID: 35074280 PMCID: PMC9300766 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Psychosocial and sensory factors, including anxiety, depression, and pressure pain threshold have been used to cluster chronic symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study examined the contribution of psychosocial sensory factors on pain interference and quality of life (QOL) in this population. DESIGN We performed a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a randomized controlled trial. SETTINGS Two gastrointestinal clinics, general communities, and two large campuses of a public university in the Northeastern United States. PARTICIPANTS/SUBJECTS Eighty young adults with IBS aged 21 ± 2.57 years (76.25% female). METHODS Demographic and psychosocial factors including anxiety, depression, fatigue, cognition or general concerns, sleep disturbance, self-efficacy, coping, and food intake were measured as independent variables. Quantitative sensory testing was conducted to measure mechanical, thermal, and pressure pain thresholds. Self-reported pain measured by the brief pain inventory (BPI) and IBS-QOL were assessed as the outcome variables. Regression analysis and mediation analysis were conducted to determine the associated factors of IBS pain and QOL. RESULTS Age, sex, and psychosocial factors including coping, self-efficacy, alcohol intake, mechanical pain sensitivity, and cold pain threshold were significantly associated with pain interference (all p < 0.05). Coping, and self-efficacy were significantly associated with IBS-QOL (all p < 0.05). In the mediation analysis, coping catastrophizing and self-efficacy were indirectly associated with IBS-QOL mediated by fatigue. CONCLUSIONS Psychosocial factors including coping and self-efficacy, and quantitative sensory testing factors significantly correlate with self-reported pain and QOL among young adults with IBS. This preliminary research calls for further interventional studies that target personalized psychosocial and quantitative sensory factors to improve pain management and quality of life in IBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- University of Connecticut, School of Nursing, Storrs, Connecticut; Department of Pain and Translational Symptom Science, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Zahra Amirkhanzadeh Barandouzi
- University of Connecticut, School of Nursing, Storrs, Connecticut; School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Joochul Lee
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Wanli Xu
- University of Connecticut, School of Nursing, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Bin Feng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | | | - Xiaomei Cong
- University of Connecticut, School of Nursing, Storrs, Connecticut.
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18
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Hou X, Rong C, Zhang Q, Song S, Cong Y, Zhang HT. Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases in Alcohol Use Disorders: Involving Gut Microbiota. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 26:70-79. [PMID: 36087271 PMCID: PMC9850663 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol abuse is 1 of the most significant public health problems in the world. Chronic, excessive alcohol consumption not only causes alcohol use disorder (AUD) but also changes the gut and lung microbiota, including bacterial and nonbacterial types. Both types of microbiota can release toxins, further damaging the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts; causing inflammation; and impairing the functions of the liver, lung, and brain, which in turn deteriorate AUD. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are critical in the control of intracellular cyclic nucleotides, including cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Inhibition of certain host PDEs reduces alcohol consumption and attenuates alcohol-related impairment. These PDEs are also expressed in the microbiota and may play a role in controlling microbiota-associated inflammation. Here, we summarize the influences of alcohol on gut/lung bacterial and nonbacterial microbiota as well as on the gut-liver/brain/lung axis. We then discuss the relationship between gut and lung microbiota-mediated PDE signaling and AUD consequences in addition to highlighting PDEs as potential targets for treatment of AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Hou
- Correspondence: Xueqin Hou, PhD, Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, P.R. China ()
| | | | - Qiwei Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, P.R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Song
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Cong
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, P.R. China
| | - Han-Ting Zhang
- Han-Ting Zhang, MD, PhD, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266073, P.R. China ()
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19
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Jung JH, Kim SE, Suk KT, Kim DJ. Gut microbiota-modulating agents in alcoholic liver disease: Links between host metabolism and gut microbiota. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:913842. [PMID: 35935787 PMCID: PMC9354621 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.913842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) involves a wide spectrum of diseases, including asymptomatic hepatic steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, and cirrhosis, which leads to morbidity and mortality and is responsible for 0.9% of global deaths. Alcohol consumption induces bacterial translocation and alteration of the gut microbiota composition. These changes in gut microbiota aggravate hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Alteration of the gut microbiota leads to a weakened gut barrier and changes host immunity and metabolic function, especially related to bile acid metabolism. Modulation and treatment for the gut microbiota in ALD has been studied using probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbial transplantation with meaningful results. In this review, we focused on the interaction between alcohol and gut dysbiosis in ALD. Additionally, treatment approaches for gut dysbiosis, such as abstinence, diet, pro-, pre-, and synbiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbial transplantation, are covered here under ALD. However, further research through human clinical trials is warranted to evaluate the appropriate gut microbiota-modulating agents for each condition related to ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Han Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Ki Tae Suk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Dong Joon Kim,
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20
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The Effects of Alcohol Drinking on Oral Microbiota in the Chinese Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095729. [PMID: 35565124 PMCID: PMC9103016 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The dysbiosis of oral microbiota is linked to numerous diseases and is associated with personal lifestyles, such as alcohol drinking. However, there is inadequate data to study the effect of alcohol drinking on oral microbiota from the Chinese population. Here, we profiled the oral microbiota of 150 healthy subjects in the Chinese population by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that drinkers had significantly higher alpha diversity than non-drinkers. A significant difference in overall microbiota composition was observed between non-drinkers and drinkers. Additionally, using DESeq analysis, we found genus Prevotella and Moryella, and species Prevotella melaninogenica and Prevotella tannerae were significantly enriched in drinkers; meanwhile, the genus Lautropia, Haemophilus and Porphyromonas, and species Haemophilus parainfluenzae were significantly depleted in drinkers. PICRUSt analysis showed that significantly different genera were mainly related to metabolism pathways. The oxygen-independent pathways, including galactose, fructose and mannose metabolism pathways, were enriched in drinkers and positively associated with genera enriched in drinkers; while the pyruvate metabolism pathway, an aerobic metabolism pathway, was decreased in drinkers and negatively associated with genera enriched in drinkers. Our results suggested that alcohol drinking may affect health by altering oral microbial composition and potentially affecting microbial functional pathways. These findings may have implications for better understanding the potential role those oral bacteria play in alcohol-related diseases.
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Day AW, Kumamoto CA. Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Alcoholism: Consequences for Health and Recovery. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:840164. [PMID: 35310839 PMCID: PMC8928144 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.840164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the mid 1980's, the impact of gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome changes during alcohol use disorder has been an area of significant interest. This work has resulted in the identification of specific changes in the abundance of certain members of the GI microbiome and the role these changes play in a variety of alcohol related disorders (i.e. alcoholic liver disease). Interestingly, some findings suggest a possible role for the GI microbiome in alcohol addiction or withdrawal. Unfortunately, there is a significant gap in knowledge in this area. Here we describe differences in the GI microbiome of alcoholic and non-alcoholic individuals and discuss the possible impact of microbes on the gut-brain axis, which could impact alcohol related behaviors (i.e. addiction). Understanding the role of the GI microbiome in alcohol related disorders will potentially lead to the development of successful microbiome-targeted therapeutics to help mitigate these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Whittier Day
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Carol A. Kumamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
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22
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Li X, Chen LM, Kumar G, Zhang SJ, Zhong QH, Zhang HY, Gui G, Wu LL, Fan HZ, Sheng JW. Therapeutic Interventions of Gut-Brain Axis as Novel Strategies for Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder Associated Cognitive and Mood Dysfunction. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:820106. [PMID: 35185459 PMCID: PMC8847450 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.820106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorders (AUD) is characterized by persistent or intermittent alcohol cravings and compulsive drinking. The functional changes in the central nervous system (CNS) after alcohol consumption are alcohol-associated cognitive impairment and mood disorders, which are major health issues reported in AUDs. Studies have shown that transferring the intestinal microbiota from AUDs patients to germ-free animals causes learning and memory dysfunction, depression and anxiety-like behavior, indicating the vital role of intestinal microbiota in development of neuropsychiatric disorders in AUD. Intestinal flora composition of AUD patients are significantly different from normal people, suggesting that intestinal flora imbalance orchestrate the development of neuropsychiatric disorders in AUD. Studies suggests that gut microbiome links bidirectional signaling network of the enteric nervous system (ENS) to central nervous system (CNS), forming gut-microbe-brain axis (brain-gut axis). In this review, we discussed pathogenesis and possible treatment of AUD-induced cognitive deficits, anxiety, and depression disorders. Further, we described the mechanism of intestinal flora imbalance and dysfunction of hippocampus-amygdala-frontal cortex (gut-limbic circuit system dysfunction). Therefore, we postulate therapeutic interventions of gut-brain axis as novel strategies for treatment of AUD-induced neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People’s Hospital of Zhangshu City, Jiangxi, China
| | - Le-Mei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital Ganzhou Hospital, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, Jiangxi, China
| | - Gajendra Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shan-Jin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People’s Hospital of Yichun City, Jiangxi, China
| | - Quan-hai Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Yichun University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Yichun University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guan Gui
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People’s Hospital of Yichun City, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lv-Le Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People’s Hospital of Yichun City, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hui-Zhen Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People’s Hospital of Yichun City, Jiangxi, China
- School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Yichun University, Jiangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Hui-Zhen Fan,
| | - Jian-Wen Sheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People’s Hospital of Yichun City, Jiangxi, China
- Jian-Wen Sheng,
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23
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Du Y, Li L, Gong C, Li T, Xia Y. The diversity of the intestinal microbiota in patients with alcohol use disorder and its relationship to alcohol consumption and cognition. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1054685. [PMID: 36620654 PMCID: PMC9814012 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1054685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has evolved into a severe social and medical issue. However, the exact environmental factors triggering AUD pathophysiology remain unknown. A growing body of research has shown that environmental elements can affect the brain via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. METHODS We employed 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology to investigate the composition and diversity of intestinal microbiota in 32 AUD males and 35 healthy controls (HCs), as well as its relationship on cognitive function. RESULTS Our findings showed that the alpha diversity indices in AUDs were much lower than HCs. The abundances of Faecalibacterium, Gemmiger, Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis, Megamonas, and Escherichia were significantly different between AUD and HC groups and could be used as a basis for judging whether excessive drinking. The abundances of Faecalibacterium, Gemmiger, Escherichia, and Fusobacterium can be used to judge the cognitive function of the population. CONCLUSION These data suggested that the gut dysbiosis in AUD patients, and some specific microbiota were considered to be related to alcohol intake and cognitive function. This study provides important information for further study of the pathogenesis of AUD from the perspective of intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishan Du
- Mental Health Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Mental Health Institute, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Li
- Mental Health Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Mental Health Institute, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Chengcheng Gong
- Mental Health Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Mental Health Institute, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Ting Li
- Mental Health Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Mental Health Institute, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Mental Health Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Mental Health Institute, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
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Comparing Published Gut Microbiome Taxonomic Data Across Multinational Studies. Nurs Res 2022; 71:43-53. [PMID: 34985847 PMCID: PMC8740627 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurse researchers are well poised to study the connection of the microbiome to health and disease. Evaluating published microbiome results can assist with study design and hypothesis generation. OBJECTIVES This article aims to present and define important analysis considerations in microbiome study planning and to identify genera shared across studies despite methodological differences. This methods article will highlight a workflow that the nurse scientist can use to combine and evaluate taxonomy tables for microbiome study or research proposal planning. METHODS We compiled taxonomy tables from 13 published gut microbiome studies that had used Ion Torrent sequencing technology. We searched for studies that had amplified multiple hypervariable (V) regions of the 16S rRNA gene when sequencing the bacteria from healthy gut samples. RESULTS We obtained 15 taxonomy tables from the 13 studies, comprised of samples from four continents and eight V regions. Methodology among studies was highly variable, including differences in V regions amplified, geographic location, and population demographics. Nevertheless, of the 354 total genera identified from the 15 data sets, 25 were shared in all V regions and the four continents. When relative abundance differences across the V regions were compared, Dorea and Roseburia were statistically different. Taxonomy tables from Asian subjects had increased average abundances of Prevotella and lowered abundances of Bacteroides compared with the European, North American, and South American study subjects. DISCUSSION Evaluating taxonomy tables from previously published literature is essential for study planning. The genera found from different V regions and continents highlight geography and V region as important variables to consider in microbiome study design. The 25 shared genera across the various studies may represent genera commonly found in healthy gut microbiomes. Understanding the factors that may affect the results from a variety of microbiome studies will allow nurse scientists to plan research proposals in an informed manner. This work presents a valuable framework for future cross-study comparisons conducted across the globe.
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Barb JJ, Maki KA, Kazmi N, Meeks BK, Krumlauf M, Tuason RT, Brooks AT, Ames NJ, Goldman D, Wallen GR. The oral microbiome in alcohol use disorder: a longitudinal analysis during inpatient treatment. J Oral Microbiol 2021; 14:2004790. [PMID: 34880965 PMCID: PMC8648028 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2021.2004790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alcohol use disorder (AUD)-induced disruption of oral microbiota can lead to poor oral health; there have been no studies published examining the longitudinal effects of alcohol use cessation on the oral microbiome. Aim To investigate the oral microbiome during alcohol cessation during inpatient treatment for AUD. Methods Up to 10 oral tongue brushings were collected from 22 AUD patients during inpatient treatment at the National Institutes of Health. Alcohol use history, smoking, and periodontal disease status were measured. Oral microbiome samples were sequenced using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results Alpha diversity decreased linearly during treatment across the entire cohort (P = 0.002). Alcohol preference was associated with changes in both alpha and beta diversity measures. Characteristic tongue dorsum genera from the Human Microbiome Project such as Streptococcus, Prevotella, Veillonella and Haemophilus were highly correlated in AUD. Oral health-associated genera that changed longitudinally during abstinence included Actinomyces, Capnocytophaga, Fusobacterium, Neisseria and Prevotella. Conclusion The oral microbiome in AUD is affected by alcohol preference. Patients with AUD often have poor oral health but abstinence and attention to oral care improve dysbiosis, decreasing microbiome diversity and periodontal disease-associated genera while improving acute oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Barb
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - K A Maki
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - N Kazmi
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B K Meeks
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Krumlauf
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R T Tuason
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A T Brooks
- Center for Scientific Review, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md, USA
| | - N J Ames
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - D Goldman
- Office of the Clinical Director, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md, USA
| | - G R Wallen
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
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26
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Piacentino D, Grant-Beurmann S, Vizioli C, Li X, Moore CF, Ruiz-Rodado V, Lee MR, Joseph PV, Fraser CM, Weerts EM, Leggio L. Gut microbiome and metabolome in a non-human primate model of chronic excessive alcohol drinking. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:609. [PMID: 34853299 PMCID: PMC8636625 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01728-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A relationship between the gut microbiome and alcohol use disorder has been suggested. Excessive alcohol use produces changes in the fecal microbiome and metabolome in both rodents and humans. Yet, these changes can be observed only in a subgroup of the studied populations, and reversal does not always occur after abstinence. We aimed to analyze fecal microbial composition and function in a translationally relevant baboon model of chronic heavy drinking that also meets binge criteria (drinking too much, too fast, and too often), i.e., alcohol ~1 g/kg and blood alcohol levels (BALs) ≥ 0.08 g/dL in a 2-hour period, daily, for years. We compared three groups of male baboons (Papio anubis): L = Long-term alcohol drinking group (12.1 years); S = Short-term alcohol drinking group (2.7 years); and C = Control group, drinking a non-alcoholic reinforcer (Tang®) (8.2 years). Fecal collection took place during 3 days of Drinking (D), followed by a short period (3 days) of Abstinence (A). Fecal microbial alpha- and beta-diversity were significantly lower in L vs. S and C (p's < 0.05). Members of the commensal families Lachnospiraceae and Prevotellaceae showed a relative decrease, whereas the opportunistic pathogen Streptococcus genus showed a relative increase in L vs. S and C (p's < 0.05). Microbiota-related metabolites of aromatic amino acids, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and pentose increased in L vs. S and C (FDR-corrected p < 0.01), with the latter two suggesting high energy metabolism and enhanced glycolysis in the gut lumen in response to alcohol. Consistent with the long-term alcohol exposure, mucosal damage and oxidative stress markers (N-acetylated amino acids, 2-hydroxybutyrate, and metabolites of the methionine cycle) increased in L vs. S and C (FDR-corrected p < 0.01). Overall, S showed few differences vs. C, possibly due to the long-term, chronic alcohol exposure needed to alter the normal gut microbiota. In the three groups, the fecal microbiome barely differed between conditions D and A, whereas the metabolome shifted in the transition from condition D to A. In conclusion, changes in the fecal microbiome and metabolome occur after significant long-term excessive drinking and are only partially affected by acute forced abstinence from alcohol. These results provide novel information on the relationship between the fecal microbiome and metabolome in a controlled experimental setting and using a unique non-human primate model of chronic excessive alcohol drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Piacentino
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA ,grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Center on Compulsive Behaviors, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Silvia Grant-Beurmann
- grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264Institute for Genome Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Carlotta Vizioli
- grid.420085.b0000 0004 0481 4802Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research and National Institute of Nursing Research Division of Intramural Research, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Xiaobai Li
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Catherine F. Moore
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Division of Behavioral Biology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Victor Ruiz-Rodado
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Mary R. Lee
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Paule V. Joseph
- grid.420085.b0000 0004 0481 4802Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research and National Institute of Nursing Research Division of Intramural Research, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Claire M. Fraser
- grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264Institute for Genome Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Elise M. Weerts
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Division of Behavioral Biology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Lorenzo Leggio
- Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA. .,Center on Compulsive Behaviors, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. .,Medication Development Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA. .,Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, USA. .,Division of Addiction Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3970 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
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27
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Diotallevi C, Fontana M, Latimer C, Ternan NG, Pourshahidi LK, Lawther R, O'Connor G, Conterno L, Gasperotti M, Angeli A, Lotti C, Bianchi M, Vrhovsek U, Fava F, Gobbetti M, Gill CIR, Tuohy KM. Ex Vivo Fecal Fermentation of Human Ileal Fluid Collected After Wild Strawberry Consumption Modulates Human Microbiome Community Structure and Metabolic Output and Protects Against DNA Damage in Colonic Epithelial Cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 66:e2100405. [PMID: 34821456 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Wild strawberries (Fragaria vesca) are richer in (poly)phenols than common commercial strawberry varieties, e.g., Fragaria × ananassa. (Poly)phenols and their microbiota-derived metabolites are hypothesized to exert bioactivity within the human gut mucosa. To address this, the effects of wild strawberries are investigated with respect to their bioactivity and microbiota-modulating capacity using both in vitro and ex vivo approaches. METHODS AND RESULTS Ileal fluids collected pre- (0h) and post-consumption (8h) of 225 g wild strawberries by ileostomates (n = 5) and also in vitro digested strawberry varieties (Fragaria vesca and Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne) supernatants are collected. Subsequent fermentation of these supernatants using an in vitro batch culture proximal colon model reveals significant treatment-specific changes in microbiome community structure in terms of alpha but not beta diversity at 24 h. Nutri-kinetic analysis reveals a significant increase in the concentration of gut microbiota catabolites, including 3-(4hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid, and benzoic acid. Furthermore, post-berry ileal fermentates (24 h) significantly (p < 0.01) decrease DNA damage (% Tail DNA, COMET assay) in both HT29 cells (∼45%) and CCD 841 CoN cells (∼25%) compared to untreated controls. CONCLUSIONS Post berry consumption fermentates exhibit increased overall levels of (poly)phenolic metabolites, which retains their bioactivity, reducing DNA damage in colonocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Diotallevi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy.,Freie Universität Bozen-Libera Università di Bolzano, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bolzano (BZ), Italy
| | - Massimiliano Fontana
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy.,Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Cheryl Latimer
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Nigel G Ternan
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - L Kirsty Pourshahidi
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Roger Lawther
- Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Western Health and Social Care Trust, Londonderry, UK
| | - Gloria O'Connor
- Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Western Health and Social Care Trust, Londonderry, UK
| | - Lorenza Conterno
- Fermentation and Distillation Group, Laimburg Research Centre, Vadena (BZ), Italy
| | - Mattia Gasperotti
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Cesare Lotti
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Martina Bianchi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Francesca Fava
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Marco Gobbetti
- Freie Universität Bozen-Libera Università di Bolzano, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bolzano (BZ), Italy
| | - Chris I R Gill
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Kieran M Tuohy
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy
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28
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Deng D, Su H, Song Y, Chen T, Sun Q, Jiang H, Zhao M. Altered Fecal Microbiota Correlated With Systemic Inflammation in Male Subjects With Methamphetamine Use Disorder. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:783917. [PMID: 34869080 PMCID: PMC8637621 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.783917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) is a major public health problem worldwide with limited effective treatment options. Previous studies have reported methamphetamine-associated alterations in gut microbiota. A potential role of gut microbiota in regulating methamphetamine-induced brain dysfunction through interactions with the host immune system has been proposed, but evidence for this hypothesis is limited. The present study aimed to investigate the alterations in the fecal microbiota and explore its relationship with systemic inflammation in MUD. Fecal samples were obtained from 26 male subjects with MUD and 17 sex- and age- matched healthy controls. Fecal microbial profiles were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Plasma inflammatory markers were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Associations between fecal microbiota, systemic inflammatory markers and clinical characteristics were examined by Spearman partial correlation analysis while controlling for possible confounders. Compared with healthy controls, individuals with MUD showed no difference in fecal microbial diversity, but exhibited differences in the relative abundance of several microbial taxa. At the genus level, a higher abundance of Collinsella, Odoribacter and Megasphaera and lower levels of Faecalibacterium, Blautia, Dorea and Streptococcus were detected in subjects with MUD. More importantly, altered fecal microbiota was found to be correlated with plasma levels of CRP, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10. The order Lactobacillales, exhibiting lower abundance in participants with MUD, was positively related to the duration of methamphetamine abstinence and the plasma level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. This study is the first to provide evidence for a link between altered fecal microbiota and systemic inflammation in MUD. Further elucidation of interactions between gut microbiota and the host immune system may be beneficial for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for MUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Deng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Su
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuehong Song
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianzhen Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Sun
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifeng Jiang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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29
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Alagiakrishnan K, Halverson T. Microbial Therapeutics in Neurocognitive and Psychiatric Disorders. J Clin Med Res 2021; 13:439-459. [PMID: 34691318 PMCID: PMC8510649 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr4575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial therapeutics, which include gut biotics and fecal transplantation, are interventions designed to improve the gut microbiome. Gut biotics can be considered as the administration of direct microbial populations. The delivery of this can be done through live microbial flora, certain food like fiber, microbial products (metabolites and elements) obtained through the fermentation of food products, or as genetically engineered substances, that may have therapeutic benefit on different health disorders. Dietary intervention and pharmacological supplements with gut biotics aim at correcting disruption of the gut microbiota by repopulating with beneficial microorganism leading to decrease in gut permeability, inflammation, and alteration in metabolic activities, through a variety of mechanisms of action. Our understanding of the pharmacokinetics of microbial therapeutics has improved with in vitro models, sampling techniques in the gut, and tools for the reliable identification of gut biotics. Evidence from human studies points out that prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics have the potential for treating and preventing mental health disorders, whereas with paraprobiotics, proteobiotics and postbiotics, the research is limited at this point. Some animal studies point out that gut biotics can be used with conventional treatments for a synergistic effect on mental health disorders. If future research shows that there is a possibility of synergistic effect of psychotropic medications with gut biotics, then a gut biotic or nutritional prescription can be given along with psychotropics. Even though the overall safety of gut biotics seems to be good, caution is needed to watch for any known and unknown side effects as well as the need for risk benefit analysis with certain vulnerable populations. Future research is needed before wide spread use of natural and genetically engineered gut biotics. Regulatory framework for gut biotics needs to be optimized. Holistic understanding of gut dysbiosis, along with life style factors, by health care providers is necessary for the better management of these conditions. In conclusion, microbial therapeutics are a new psychotherapeutic approach which offer some hope in certain conditions like dementia and depression. Future of microbial therapeutics will be driven by well-done randomized controlled trials and longitudinal research, as well as by replication studies in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannayiram Alagiakrishnan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tyler Halverson
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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A powerful adaptive microbiome-based association test for microbial association signals with diverse sparsity levels. J Genet Genomics 2021; 48:851-859. [PMID: 34411712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The dysbiosis of microbiome may have negative effects on a host phenotype. The microbes related to the host phenotype are regarded as microbial association signals. Recently, statistical methods based on microbiome-phenotype association tests have been extensively developed to detect these association signals. However, the currently available methods do not perform well to detect microbial association signals when dealing with diverse sparsity levels (i.e., sparse, low sparse, non-sparse). Actually, the real association patterns related to different host phenotypes are not unique. Here, we propose a powerful and adaptive microbiome-based association test to detect microbial association signals with diverse sparsity levels, designated as MiATDS. In particular, we define probability degree to measure the associations between microbes and the host phenotype and introduce the adaptive weighted sum of powered score tests by considering both probability degree and phylogenetic information. We design numerous simulation experiments for the task of detecting association signals with diverse sparsity levels to prove the performance of the method. We find that type I error rates can be well-controlled and MiATDS shows superior efficiency on the power. By applying to real data analysis, MiATDS displays reliable practicability too. The R package is available at https://github.com/XiaoyunHuang33/MiATDS.
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Ezquer F, Quintanilla ME, Moya‐Flores F, Morales P, Munita JM, Olivares B, Landskron G, Hermoso MA, Ezquer M, Herrera‐Marschitz M, Israel Y. Innate gut microbiota predisposes to high alcohol consumption. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e13018. [PMID: 33508889 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota is known to be transferred from the mother to their offspring. This study determines whether the innate microbiota of rats selectively bred for generations as high alcohol drinkers play a role in their alcohol intake. Wistar-derived high-drinker UChB rats (intake 10-g ethanol/kg/day) administered nonabsorbable oral antibiotics before allowing access to alcohol, reducing their voluntary ethanol intake by 70%, an inhibition that remained after the antibiotic administration was discontinued. Oral administration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus Gorbach-Goldin (GG) induced the synthesis of FGF21, a vagal β-Klotho receptor agonist, and partially re-invoked a mechanism that reduces alcohol intake. The vagus nerve constitutes the main axis transferring gut microbiota information to the brain ("microbiota-gut-brain" axis). Bilateral vagotomy inhibited rat alcohol intake by 75%. Neither antibiotic treatment nor vagotomy affected total fluid intake. A microbiota-mediated marked inflammatory environment was observed in the gut of ethanol-naïve high-drinker rats, as gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α; IL-6; IL-1β) was significantly reduced by nonabsorbable antibiotic administration. Gut cytokines are known to activate the vagus nerve, while vagal activation induces pro-rewarding effects in nucleus accumbens. Both alcoholics and alcohol-preferring rats share a marked preference for sweet tastes-likely an evolutionary trait to seek sweet fermented fruits. Saccharin intake by UChB rats was inhibited by 75%-85% by vagotomy or oral antibiotic administration, despite saccharin-induced polydipsia. Overall, data indicate that the mechanisms that normally curtail heavy drinking are inhibited in alcohol-preferring animals and inform a gut microbiota origin. Whether it applies to other mammals and humans merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Ezquer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine Clínica Alemana‐Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile
| | - Maria Elena Quintanilla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Francisco Moya‐Flores
- Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB‐R) Santiago Chile
- Genomics and Resistant Microbes Group, School of Medicine Clínica Alemana‐Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile
| | - Paola Morales
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - José Manuel Munita
- Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB‐R) Santiago Chile
- Genomics and Resistant Microbes Group, School of Medicine Clínica Alemana‐Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile
| | - Belén Olivares
- Center for Medical Chemistry, School of Medicine Clínica Alemana‐Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile
| | - Glauben Landskron
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Marcela A. Hermoso
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Marcelo Ezquer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine Clínica Alemana‐Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile
| | - Mario Herrera‐Marschitz
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Yedy Israel
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
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Wang Y, Xie T, Wu Y, Liu Y, Zou Z, Bai J. Impacts of Maternal Diet and Alcohol Consumption during Pregnancy on Maternal and Infant Gut Microbiota. Biomolecules 2021; 11:369. [PMID: 33804345 PMCID: PMC8001387 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Maternal diet and alcohol consumption can influence both maternal and infant's gut microbiota. These relationships are still not examined in the Chinese population. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of alcohol consumption and maternal diet during pregnancy on maternal and infant's gut microbiota. (2) Methods: Twenty-nine mother-child dyads were enrolled in central China. Fecal samples of mothers during late pregnancy and of newborns within 48 h were collected. The V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA sequences were analyzed. A self-administrated questionnaire about simple diet frequency in the past week was completed by mothers before childbirth. The demographic information was finished by mothers at 24 h after childbirth. (3) Results: Among these 29 mothers, 10 mothers reported alcohol consumption during pregnancy. The PCoA (β-diversity) showed significant difference in maternal gut microbiota between the alcohol consumption group vs. the non-alcohol consumption group (abund-Jaccard, r = 0.2, p = 0.006). The same phenomenon was observed in newborns (unweighted-UniFrac full tree, r = 0.174, p = 0.031). Maternal alcohol consumption frequency showed positive associations with maternal Phascolarctobacterium (p = 0.032) and Blautia (p = 0.019); maternal Faecalibacterium (p = 0.013) was negatively correlated with frequency of alcohol consumption. As for newborns, a positive relationship showed between Megamonas (p = 0.035) and newborns with maternal alcohol consumption. The diet was not associated with both maternal and infant's gut microbiota. (4) Conclusions: Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy influenced the gut microbiota on both mothers and the newborns. Future research is needed to explore these relationships in a lager birth cohort. Understanding the long-term effect of alcohol consumption on maternal and newborns' gut microbiota is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China;
| | - Tianqu Xie
- Wuhan University School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China; (T.X.); (Y.W.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yinyin Wu
- Wuhan University School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China; (T.X.); (Y.W.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yanqun Liu
- Wuhan University School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China; (T.X.); (Y.W.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhijie Zou
- Wuhan University School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China; (T.X.); (Y.W.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Jinbing Bai
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
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Will guidelines on alcohol consumption be personalized by a genetic approach? GENES AND NUTRITION 2021; 16:2. [PMID: 33494697 PMCID: PMC7830050 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-021-00682-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Yu X, Xue M, Liu Y, Zhou Z, Jiang Y, Sun T, Liang H. Effect of nicotinamide riboside on lipid metabolism and gut microflora-bile acid axis in alcohol-exposed mice. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:429-440. [PMID: 33473304 PMCID: PMC7802554 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the most common complication of alcohol abuse, while we lack safe and effective treatment for ALD. This study aimed to explore the effects of nicotinamide riboside (NR) on lipid metabolism and gut microflora-bile acid axis in alcohol-exposed mice. NR significantly improved liver histopathological damage and abnormal liver function. NR as a provider of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) increased the NAD+/NADH ratio. Meanwhile, NR inhibited the activation of the protein phosphatase 1 signaling pathway, decreased the liver triglyceride and total bile acid levels, and reduced lipid accumulation. According to the results of gut microflora species analysis, NR intervention changed the microbial community structure at the phylum, family and genus levels, and the species abundances returned to a level similar to these of the normal control group. Besides, the results of high-performance liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry showed that NR intervention resulted in fecal bile acid levels tending to be normal with decreased chenodeoxycholic acid level and increased deoxycholic acid and hyocholic acid levels. Spearman's correlation analysis showed a correlation between gut microflora and bile acids. Therefore, NR supplementation has the potential to prevent ALD, and its mechanism may be related to regulating lipid metabolism disorders and the gut microflora-bile acid axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- Department of Human NutritionCollege of Public HealthQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Meilan Xue
- Basic Medical CollegeQingdao University of MedicineQingdaoChina
| | - Ying Liu
- Basic Medical CollegeQingdao University of MedicineQingdaoChina
| | - Zhitong Zhou
- Food Science DepartmentUniversity of GuelphGuelphONCanada
| | - Yushan Jiang
- Department of Human NutritionCollege of Public HealthQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Ting Sun
- Basic Medical CollegeQingdao University of MedicineQingdaoChina
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Human NutritionCollege of Public HealthQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
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Ding H, Xu J, You J, Qin H, Ma H. Effects of enteral nutrition support combined with enhanced recovery after surgery on the nutritional status, immune function, and prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer after Ivor-Lewis operation. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:7337-7345. [PMID: 33447423 PMCID: PMC7797812 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-20-3410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Esophageal cancer (EC) with a high incidence of malnutrition is a highly malignant digestive tract tumor. We investigated the effect of enteral nutrition (EN) support combined with enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) on the nutritional status, immune function, and prognosis of patients with EC after Ivor-Lewis operation. Methods One hundred patients were randomly divided into the observation group (n=42) and the control group (n=58). The patients in observation group were treated with EN combined with ERAS intervention after Ivor-Lewis operation, and the patients in control group were treated with conventional postoperative EN intervention. The situation of operation, nutritional status, immune function recovery and prognosis between the two groups were compared. Results There was no statistically significant difference in operation time or intraoperative blood loss between the two groups (P>0.05). The chest tube removal time and oral feeding time of the observation group after operation were shorter than those of the control group (P<0.05). After intervention, serum albumin (ALB), transferrin (TF), pre-albumin (PA) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in both groups were significantly decreased. These indexes were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant changes in the levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, and IgM, or the numbers of CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ T cells in the observation group before and after intervention (P>0.05); however those indexes were significantly decreased in the control group after the intervention (P<0.05). Interestingly, the levels of IgA, IgM, IgG, CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells and CD4+/CD8+ T cells in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group after intervention (P<0.05). The incidence of pulmonary infection in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group. The postoperative exhaust time, postoperative defecation time and postoperative hospital stay were shorter in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in hospitalization cost between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions EN combined with ERAS was more beneficial to the improvement of nutritional status and immune function recovery of patients with EC after Ivor-Lewis operation. It also shortened the length of hospital stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibing Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jijun You
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, China
| | - Haifeng Qin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, China
| | - Haitao Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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