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Zornoza Moreno M, Pérez Martín JJ, Moreno MCG, Abellán MPR. Parental knowledge on the respiratory syncytial virus before the nirsevimab immunization program: Attitudes toward immunization in an autonomous community of Spain. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2357439. [PMID: 38857859 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2357439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in young children and associated with most bronchiolitis- and pneumonia-related hospitalizations. A new preventive monoclonal antibody (MAb), nirsevimab, has been launched in the United States, Luxembourg, and France, and was recently approved to be given in a population-based manner throughout Spain. This study aimed to have a first pre-immunization insight into the Spanish parental knowledge about bronchiolitis, RSV, and nirsevimab immunization. Parents in Murcia with children <2 years of age up to the date of September 1, 2023, were selected to complete a questionnaire. The primary endpoint was the parental knowledge about bronchiolitis, RSV, and nirsevimab. A total of 3,217 responses were analyzed. The majority (95.8%) were aware of bronchiolitis. Meanwhile, 46.6% of the respondents knew about RSV, most of them only after the first child's birth. Information about RSV or bronchiolitis was mainly obtained from family members, with only 4.8% reporting having been informed by Health care Professionals (HCPs). Only 11.2% of respondents were aware of nirsevimab. Nonetheless, these were not entirely satisfied with the information received (score of 3.3 out of 5) and shared that HCPs should be the primary source of information. The present survey then highlights the need for better and more efficient educational strategies directed to all parents/legal guardians. It also sheds some light on the different factors that should be considered to improve awareness of RSV immunization to decrease its burden in Spain and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Zornoza Moreno
- Prevention and Health Protection Service. Public Health and Addictions Directorate General, Regional Ministry of Health, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jaime Jesús Pérez Martín
- Prevention and Health Protection Service. Public Health and Addictions Directorate General, Regional Ministry of Health, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mª Cruz Gómez Moreno
- Prevention and Health Protection Service. Public Health and Addictions Directorate General, Regional Ministry of Health, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mª Pilar Ros Abellán
- Prevention and Health Protection Service. Public Health and Addictions Directorate General, Regional Ministry of Health, Murcia, Spain
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2
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Tasslimi A, Bell TR, Moore TP, DeBolt C, Ibrahim A, Matheson J. Vaccine Coverage at 36 Months and 7 Years by Parental Birth Country, Washington State. Pediatrics 2024; 153:e2023064626. [PMID: 38774987 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-064626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Ensuring equitable vaccination access for immigrant communities is critical for guiding efforts to redress health disparities, but vaccine coverage data are limited. We evaluated childhood vaccination coverage by parental birth country (PBC) through the linkage of Washington State Immunization Information System data and birth records. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort evaluation of children born in Washington from January 1, 2006 to November 12, 2019. We assessed up-to-date vaccination coverage status for measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP), and poliovirus vaccines at ages 36 months and 7 years. Children with ≥1 parent(s) born in selected non-US countries were compared with children with 2 US-born parents, using Poisson regression models to provide prevalence ratios. RESULTS We identified 902 909 eligible children, of which 24% had ≥1 non-US-born parent(s). Vaccination coverage at 36 months by PBC ranged from 41.0% to 93.2% for ≥1 MMR doses and ≥3 poliovirus doses and 32.6% to 86.4% for ≥4 DTaP doses. Compared with children of US-born parents, the proportion of children up to date for all 3 vaccines was 3% to 16% higher among children of Filipino-, Indian-, and Mexican-born parents and 33% to 56% lower among children of Moldovan-, Russian-, and Ukrainian-born parents. Within-PBC coverage patterns were similar for all vaccines with some exceptions. Similar PBC-level differences were observed at 7 years of age. CONCLUSIONS The linkage of public health data improved the characterization of community-level childhood immunization outcomes. The findings provide actionable information to understand community-level vaccination determinants and support interventions to enhance vaccine coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Tasslimi
- Refugee and Immigrant Health Program, Office of Communicable Disease Epidemiology, Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline, Washington
| | - Teal R Bell
- Office of Immunization, Washington State Department of Health, Tumwater, Washington
| | - Tyler P Moore
- Office of Immunization, Washington State Department of Health, Tumwater, Washington
| | - Charla DeBolt
- Center for Public Health Medical and Veterinary Science, Office of Health and Science, Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline, Washington
| | - Anisa Ibrahim
- Pediatric Clinic, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jasmine Matheson
- Refugee and Immigrant Health Program, Office of Communicable Disease Epidemiology, Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline, Washington
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Suleman S, Chamberlain LJ. Impact of COVID-19 on the Health of Migrant Children in the United States: From Policy to Practice. Pediatr Clin North Am 2024; 71:551-565. [PMID: 38754941 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2024.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
In this article, the authors provide an overview how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the health and wellbeing of migrant children in conflict zones, in transit and post-settlement in the United States. In particular, the authors explore how policies implemented during the pandemic directly and indirectly affected migrant children and led to widening disparities in the aftermath of the pandemic. Given these circumstances, the authors provide recommendations for child health care providers caring for migrant children to mitigate and bolster resilience and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazeen Suleman
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Academic Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, MC 5459, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1419, USA.
| | - Lisa J Chamberlain
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Academic Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, MC 5459, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1419, USA
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Achore M. Correlates of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among the forcibly displaced: evidence from Libya. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:70. [PMID: 38741160 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01306-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine hesitancy and refusal can hinder the control of infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although forcibly displaced individuals are at high risk of contracting COVID-19, evidence shows that they are less likely to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. Given their predicament, the factors influencing vaccine uptake in the general population might differ vastly from those in displaced populations. Given the limited evidence on vaccine uptake from humanitarian settings, the current study examined the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among the forcibly displaced in Libya. METHODS Data were extracted from the World Bank/United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) microdata repository. Data were collected between April and July 2021 after the rollout of the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in Libya. Percentages, means, and standard deviations were used to quantify the distribution of the sample population. Logistic regression models were employed to identify factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine uptake. RESULTS Odds ratios (ORs) with p values are used to present the regression analysis results. The study revealed that people unaffected by COVID-19 were less likely (OR = .71, 95%CI = 0.67-0.89) to accept the vaccine. Similarly, individuals with access to free COVID-19 vaccines were more likely to be vaccinated than those without free vaccines (OR = 38, 95%CI = 0.19-0.28). Finally, the results indicated that individuals were six times more likely to be vaccinated at mass vaccination sites ((OR = 6.31, 95%CI = 5.46- 7.94) and 1.92 times more likely to be vaccinated at local health centers (OR = 1.92, 95%CI = 0.1.72-3.11) than they were at hospitals and distant health facilities. CONCLUSION Implementing comprehensive mass vaccination venues, public education initiatives, and awareness campaigns regarding the importance of vaccination can decrease vaccine hesitancy among the forcibly displaced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meshack Achore
- Department of Population Health, 220 Hofstra University, 101 Hofstra Dome, Hempstead, NY, 11549-2200, USA.
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5
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Crawshaw AF, Goldsmith LP, Deal A, Carter J, Knights F, Seedat F, Lau K, Hayward SE, Yong J, Fyle D, Aspray N, Iwami M, Ciftci Y, Wurie F, Majeed A, Forster AS, Hargreaves S. Driving delivery and uptake of catch-up vaccination among adolescent and adult migrants in UK general practice: a mixed methods pilot study. BMC Med 2024; 22:186. [PMID: 38702767 PMCID: PMC11068568 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03378-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migrants in the UK and Europe face vulnerability to vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) due to missed childhood vaccines and doses and marginalisation from health systems. Ensuring migrants receive catch-up vaccinations, including MMR, Td/IPV, MenACWY, and HPV, is essential to align them with UK and European vaccination schedules and ultimately reduce morbidity and mortality. However, recent evidence highlights poor awareness and implementation of catch-up vaccination guidelines by UK primary care staff, requiring novel approaches to strengthen the primary care pathway. METHODS The 'Vacc on Track' study (May 2021-September 2022) aimed to measure under-vaccination rates among migrants in UK primary care and establish new referral pathways for catch-up vaccination. Participants included migrants aged 16 or older, born outside of Western Europe, North America, Australia, or New Zealand, in two London boroughs. Quantitative data on vaccination history, referral, uptake, and sociodemographic factors were collected, with practice nurses prompted to deliver catch-up vaccinations following UK guidelines. Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with staff and migrants explored views on delivering catch-up vaccination, including barriers, facilitators, and opportunities. Data were analysed using STATA12 and NVivo 12. RESULTS Results from 57 migrants presenting to study sites from 18 countries (mean age 41 [SD 7.2] years; 62% female; mean 11.3 [SD 9.1] years in UK) over a minimum of 6 months of follow-up revealed significant catch-up vaccination needs, particularly for MMR (49 [86%] required catch-up vaccination) and Td/IPV (50 [88%]). Fifty-three (93%) participants were referred for any catch-up vaccination, but completion of courses was low (6 [12%] for Td/IPV and 33 [64%] for MMR), suggesting individual and systemic barriers. Qualitative in-depth interviews (n = 39) with adult migrants highlighted the lack of systems currently in place in the UK to offer catch-up vaccination to migrants on arrival and the need for health-care provider skills and knowledge of catch-up vaccination to be improved. Focus group discussions and interviews with practice staff (n = 32) identified limited appointment/follow-up time, staff knowledge gaps, inadequate engagement routes, and low incentivisation as challenges that will need to be addressed. However, they underscored the potential of staff champions, trust-building mechanisms, and community-based approaches to strengthen catch-up vaccination uptake among migrants. CONCLUSIONS Given the significant catch-up vaccination needs of migrants in our sample, and the current barriers to driving uptake identified, our findings suggest it will be important to explore this public health issue further, potentially through a larger study or trial. Strengthening existing pathways, staff capacity and knowledge in primary care, alongside implementing new strategies centred on cultural competence and building trust with migrant communities will be important focus areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison F Crawshaw
- Migrant Health Research Group, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Lucy P Goldsmith
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Anna Deal
- Migrant Health Research Group, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jessica Carter
- Migrant Health Research Group, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Felicity Knights
- Migrant Health Research Group, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Farah Seedat
- Migrant Health Research Group, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Karen Lau
- Migrant Health Research Group, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Sally E Hayward
- Migrant Health Research Group, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Joanna Yong
- NHS North Central London Research Network (NoCLoR) and Clinical Research Network (CRN) North Thames, London, UK
| | - Desiree Fyle
- NHS North Central London Research Network (NoCLoR) and Clinical Research Network (CRN) North Thames, London, UK
| | - Nathaniel Aspray
- Migrant Health Research Group, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Michiyo Iwami
- Migrant Health Research Group, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Yusuf Ciftci
- Migrant Health Research Group, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Fatima Wurie
- Addiction and Inclusion Directorate, Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, 39 Victoria Street, London, SW1H 0EU, UK
| | - Azeem Majeed
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Sally Hargreaves
- Migrant Health Research Group, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
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Wong J, Lao C, Dino G, Donyaei R, Lui R, Huynh J. Vaccine Hesitancy among Immigrants: A Narrative Review of Challenges, Opportunities, and Lessons Learned. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:445. [PMID: 38793696 PMCID: PMC11126062 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Vaccination reluctance is a major worldwide public health concern as it poses threats of disease outbreaks and strains on healthcare systems. While some studies have examined vaccine uptake within specific countries, few provide an overview of the barriers and trends among migrant groups. To fill this knowledge gap, this narrative review analyzes immunization patterns and vaccine hesitancy among immigrant populations. (2) Methods: Four researchers independently evaluated the quality and bias risk of the 18 identified articles using validated critical appraisal tools. (3) Results: Most studies focused on vaccine hesitancy among migrants in the United States and Canada, with a higher COVID-19 vaccine reluctance than native-born residents. Contributing factors to this hesitancy include demographics, cultural views, obstacles to healthcare access, financial hardship, and distrust in health policies. Additionally, immigrants in North America and Europe face unfair vaccine challenges due to misinformation, safety concerns, personal perspectives, language barriers, immigration status, and restricted healthcare access. (4) Conclusions: Tailored vaccine education programs and outreach campaigns sensitive to immigrants' diversity should be developed to address this issue. It is also important to investigate community-specific obstacles and assess the long-term sustainability of current efforts to promote vaccination among marginalized migrant groups. Further research into global immunization disparities among immigrant populations is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Wong
- College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second St., Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (C.L.); (G.D.); (R.D.); (R.L.); (J.H.)
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Thompson ESJ, Howe E, Kenworthy LaMarca T, Natale R, Jent JF. Diverse Parents Decision-Making to Vaccinate Their Child under Five Attending Childcare Programs. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2299. [PMID: 38673572 PMCID: PMC11051460 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: On 18 June 2022, Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines were authorized under an Emergency Use Authorization by the United States Food and Drug Administration to prevent severe coronavirus disease in children six months to four years of age. Despite approval of the COVID-19 vaccinations for young children, there remain ongoing challenges reaching widespread coverage due to parental decision-making. Parental decision-making plays a pivotal, yet understudied, role governing vaccine adoption among this priority demographic. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis examined COVID-19 vaccine intentions for 320 predominately Hispanic parents of two to five-year-olds attending Miami-Dade County childcare programs in Florida USA, several months following the June 2022 emergency authorization. Parent's self-reported survey data encompassed vaccine choices and rationales, social determinants of health, and parent immigrant status. Data analyses illustrate the associations between parent decision-making and these variables. Regression modeling and tests of independence identified predicting factors for parental vaccine decision-making. Results: Only 25% of parents intended to vaccinate their young child, while 34% resisted and 41% felt unsure, despite 70% personal vaccination rates. Household income under $25,000, identifying as a migrant, or testing COVID-19-positive significantly predicted unsure decision-making. The majority of hesitant groups expressed concerns around side effects (20%), safety (2.9%), and sufficiency of vaccine knowledge (3.3%). Conclusions: In this sample, the predominance of parents were unsure and resistant rather than accepting of having their child vaccinated despite emergency approval of the pediatric vaccine. Associations and predictive factors are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jason F. Jent
- Mailman Center for Child Development, Department of Pediatrics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA (T.K.L.)
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Dang JHT, Gori A, Rios L, Rolon AM, Zhang J, Chen MS. "You Don't Know If It's the Truth or a Lie": Exploring Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Hesitancy among Communities with Low HPV Vaccine Uptake in Northern California. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:372. [PMID: 38675754 PMCID: PMC11053910 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12040372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine hesitancy, delaying or refusing to vaccinate despite the availability of vaccines, impedes the progress of achieving optimal HPV vaccine coverage. Little is known about the sources of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine hesitancy among racially/ethnically and geographically diverse communities. The purpose of this paper is to explore HPV vaccine hesitancy among rural, Slavic, and Latino communities that reside in counties with low HPV vaccine uptake rates. METHODS Key informant interviews and focus groups were conducted with rural, Slavic, and Latino communities that reside within counties in California that have low HPV vaccine up to date rates (16-25%). Qualitative data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using inductive and deductive thematic analysis. RESULTS A total of seven focus groups and 14 key informant interviews were conducted with 39 individuals from seven California counties. Salient themes that contributed to HPV vaccine hesitancy included the following: social media and the anti-vaccination movement; a strong belief in acquiring immunity naturally; prior vaccine experiences; and vaccine timing concerns. Participants suggested the provision of culturally appropriate, in-language, in-person easy to understand HPV vaccine education to mitigate HPV vaccine hesitancy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings can inform future interventions to increase HPV vaccine uptake among hesitant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie H. T. Dang
- Division of Health Policy and Management, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95816, USA
| | - Alexandra Gori
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95816, USA; (A.G.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Lucy Rios
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, USA; (L.R.); (M.S.C.J.)
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, USA
| | - Angelica M. Rolon
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95816, USA; (A.G.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Communication, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Moon S. Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, USA; (L.R.); (M.S.C.J.)
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Koku EF, Johnson-Yengbeh N, Muhr A. Addressing COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Uptake Among African Immigrants: Lessons from a Community-Based Outreach Program. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024:10.1007/s40615-024-01947-9. [PMID: 38443740 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-01947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
In 2021, the African Cultural Alliance of North America (ACANA) implemented a community-based vaccine education and outreach program to decrease hesitancy and increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake among African immigrants in Philadelphia. The program had three components: (1) tailored messaging on the benefits of vaccines by trusted community health navigators in familiar languages/dialects, (2) use of educational/tabling events, and (3) establishment of a vaccine clinic in community settings. Using secondary data analysis, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and a self-administered survey, we explored (i) the impact and effectiveness of the outreach program and extent of vaccine uptake, (ii) African immigrants' beliefs about the COVID-19 pandemic and the vaccine, and (iii) barriers and facilitators of vaccine knowledge, uptake, and hesitancy. Our analysis showed that ACANA's outreach program was effective in addressing several cultural, logistic, and systematic barriers to vaccine uptake. The program distributed 2000 educational/informational flyers, reached 3000 community members via social media campaigns, and an additional 2320 through other person-to-person outreach events. The program was effective and resulted in the vaccination of 1265 community members over the course of the outreach. The impact of this outreach underscores the critical role of community-based organizations in addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and increasing vaccine uptake in underserved and minority communities. The paper concludes with suggestions and recommendations for using community-based outreach programs to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake and decrease hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel F Koku
- Department of Sociology, Drexel University, 3201 Arch Street, Room 288, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Nettie Johnson-Yengbeh
- Health Department, African Cultural Alliance of North America (ACANA), 5530 Chester Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19143, USA
| | - Ava Muhr
- Health Department, African Cultural Alliance of North America (ACANA), 5530 Chester Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19143, USA
- School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, 15a George Square, EH8 9LD, Edinburgh, UK
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Agasse E, Rodriguez GF, Vilariño V, Galli JH, Potter J. Social determinants of health and vaccine uptake in pregnancy: Disparities in a diverse, predominately foreign-born population. Vaccine 2024; 42:529-534. [PMID: 38172017 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify discrepancies in influenza, Tdap, and COVID-19 vaccine uptake and offer rates among pregnant individuals across various social determinants of health including race, ethnicity, foreign-born status, education level, and health insurance coverage, highlighting potential interventions to improve vaccine uptake in pregnancy. METHODS An IRB-approved cross-sectional survey was conducted on the postpartum floor of a large urban hospital in South Florida. Between July to September 2021, 359 participants consented and answered questions on their demographics, social background, and influenza, Tdap, and COVID-19 vaccine history. RESULTS Most participants identified as White (67.7 %), Hispanic (67.4 %), and foreign-born (68.5 %) with an average age of 29.7 ± 6 years. There was a significant difference in mean vaccine between White (1.3) and Black individuals (0.9, p = 0.002). Mean uptake was significantly higher in foreign-born individuals (1.3) compared to US-born (0.9, p < 0.001). Mean uptake was significantly higher for those with graduate (1.7) and college (1.4) degrees compared to those with a high school degree (1.0) or less than high school (1.0, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Significant differences in the uptake and offer rates of influenza, Tdap, and COVID-19 vaccines were observed across a variety of social determinants including educational attainment, employment, insurance, and median income of the zip code of primary residence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Agasse
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | | | - Valerie Vilariño
- Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Johnny H Galli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - JoNell Potter
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Ford JD, Seedat S. On the path to recovery: traumatic stress research during the COVID-19 pandemic 2021-2023. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2023; 14:2281988. [PMID: 38038964 PMCID: PMC10990445 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2023.2281988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This Special Issue of the European Journal of Psychotraumatology (EJPT) presents 51 articles published between 2021 and 2023 and follows the Special Issue on pandemic-related traumatic stress research published in 2021 (O'Donnell, M. L., & Greene, T. [2021]. Understanding the mental health impacts of COVID-19 through a trauma lens. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 12(1), 1982502). Research on traumatic stress during the pandemic has cast the spotlight on vulnerable populations and groups, notably front-line healthcare workers; people faced with major losses including the deaths of loved ones; those who personally survived debilitating and often life-threatening viral infection; and students who were isolated and experienced profound delays in their education, relationships, and emerging independence. The papers in this collection underscore the associations between COVID-19 related stressors and a plethora of adverse mental health sequelae, including posttraumatic stress reactions, and draw attention to the ubiquity of grief and moral injury and their wide-ranging and detrimental impact. Currently, there is a paucity of evidence on interventions to enhance resources, self-efficacy, and hope for affected groups and individuals through societal, organisational, and healthcare systems; however early research on the prevention of COVID-related traumatic stress disorders provides a basis for both hope and preparedness for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian D. Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Soraya Seedat
- South African Medical Research Council Unit on the Genomics of Brain Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Poulimeneas D, Koniordou M, Kousi D, Merakou C, Kopsidas I, Tsopela GC, Argyropoulos CD, Themistocleous SC, Shiamakkides G, Constantinou M, Alexandrou A, Noula E, Nearchou A, Salmanton-García J, Stewart FA, Heringer S, Albus K, Álvarez-Barco E, Macken A, Di Marzo R, Luis C, Valle-Simón P, Askling HH, Hellemans M, Spivak O, Davis RJ, Azzini AM, Barta I, Součková L, Jancoriene L, Akova M, Mallon PWG, Olesen OF, Frias-Iniesta J, van Damme P, Tóth K, Cohen-Kandli M, Cox RJ, Husa P, Nauclér P, Marques L, Ochando J, Tacconelli E, Zeitlinger M, Cornely OA, Pana ZD, Zaoutis TE. The Challenges of Vaccine Trial Participation among Underserved and Hard-to-Reach Communities: An Internal Expert Consultation of the VACCELERATE Consortium. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1784. [PMID: 38140188 PMCID: PMC10747264 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Underserved and hard-to-reach population groups are under-represented in vaccine trials. Thus, we aimed to identify the challenges of vaccine trial participation of these groups in member countries of the VACCELERATE network. Seventeen National Coordinators (NC), each representing their respective country (15 European countries, Israel, and Turkey), completed an online survey. From 15 eligible groups, those that were more frequently declared underserved/hard-to-reach in vaccine research were ethnic minorities (76.5%), persons experiencing homelessness (70.6%), illegal workers and refugees (64.7%, each). When prioritization for education on vaccine trials was considered, ethnic groups, migrants, and immigrants (5/17, 29.4%) were the groups most frequently identified by the NC as top targets. The most prominent barriers in vaccine trial participation affecting all groups were low levels of health literacy, reluctance to participate in trials due to engagement level, and low levels of trust in vaccines/vaccinations. This study highlighted population groups considered underserved/hard-to-reach in countries contained within the European region, and the respective barriers these groups face when participating in clinical studies. Our findings aid with the design of tailored interventions (within-and across-countries of the European region) and with the development of strategies to overcome major barriers in phase 2 and phase 3 vaccine trial participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Poulimeneas
- Collaborative Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes Research (CLEO), 15451 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (M.K.); (D.K.); (C.M.); (G.C.T.)
| | - Markela Koniordou
- Collaborative Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes Research (CLEO), 15451 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (M.K.); (D.K.); (C.M.); (G.C.T.)
| | - Dimitra Kousi
- Collaborative Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes Research (CLEO), 15451 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (M.K.); (D.K.); (C.M.); (G.C.T.)
| | - Christina Merakou
- Collaborative Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes Research (CLEO), 15451 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (M.K.); (D.K.); (C.M.); (G.C.T.)
| | - Ioannis Kopsidas
- Collaborative Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes Research (CLEO), 15451 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (M.K.); (D.K.); (C.M.); (G.C.T.)
| | - Grammatiki Christina Tsopela
- Collaborative Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes Research (CLEO), 15451 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (M.K.); (D.K.); (C.M.); (G.C.T.)
| | - Christos D. Argyropoulos
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus; (C.D.A.); (S.C.T.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (E.N.); (A.N.); (Z.D.P.)
| | - Sophia C. Themistocleous
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus; (C.D.A.); (S.C.T.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (E.N.); (A.N.); (Z.D.P.)
| | - George Shiamakkides
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus; (C.D.A.); (S.C.T.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (E.N.); (A.N.); (Z.D.P.)
| | - Marinos Constantinou
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus; (C.D.A.); (S.C.T.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (E.N.); (A.N.); (Z.D.P.)
| | - Alexandra Alexandrou
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus; (C.D.A.); (S.C.T.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (E.N.); (A.N.); (Z.D.P.)
| | - Evgenia Noula
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus; (C.D.A.); (S.C.T.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (E.N.); (A.N.); (Z.D.P.)
| | - Andria Nearchou
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus; (C.D.A.); (S.C.T.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (E.N.); (A.N.); (Z.D.P.)
| | - Jon Salmanton-García
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Institute of Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (J.S.-G.); (S.H.); (O.A.C.)
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 38124 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD) and Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Fiona A. Stewart
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Institute of Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (J.S.-G.); (S.H.); (O.A.C.)
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 38124 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sarah Heringer
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Institute of Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (J.S.-G.); (S.H.); (O.A.C.)
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 38124 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD) and Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Kerstin Albus
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Institute of Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (J.S.-G.); (S.H.); (O.A.C.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD) and Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Elena Álvarez-Barco
- Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (E.Á.-B.); (A.M.); (P.W.G.M.)
| | - Alan Macken
- Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (E.Á.-B.); (A.M.); (P.W.G.M.)
| | - Romina Di Marzo
- European Vaccine Initiative (EVI), 69115 Heidelberg, Germany; (R.D.M.); (C.L.); (O.F.O.)
| | - Catarina Luis
- European Vaccine Initiative (EVI), 69115 Heidelberg, Germany; (R.D.M.); (C.L.); (O.F.O.)
| | - Paula Valle-Simón
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain; (P.V.-S.); (J.F.-I.)
- Servicio Madrileño de Salud, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Helena H. Askling
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (H.H.A.); (P.N.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margot Hellemans
- VAXINFECTIO, Centre of Evaluation of Vaccination, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (M.H.); (P.v.D.)
| | - Orly Spivak
- Ministry of Health of Israel, Jerusalem 1176, Israel; (O.S.); (M.C.-K.)
| | - Ruth Joanna Davis
- Infectious Diseases, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (R.J.D.); (A.M.A.); (E.T.)
| | - Anna Maria Azzini
- Infectious Diseases, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (R.J.D.); (A.M.A.); (E.T.)
| | - Imre Barta
- National Koranyi Institute for Pulmonology, 1121 Budapest, Hungary (K.T.)
| | - Lenka Součková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 60177 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.S.); (P.H.)
- University Hospital Brno, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Czech Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (CZECRIN), 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ligita Jancoriene
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania;
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Medical Faculty, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Murat Akova
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Haceteppe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey;
| | - Patrick W. G. Mallon
- Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (E.Á.-B.); (A.M.); (P.W.G.M.)
| | - Ole F. Olesen
- European Vaccine Initiative (EVI), 69115 Heidelberg, Germany; (R.D.M.); (C.L.); (O.F.O.)
| | - Jesus Frias-Iniesta
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain; (P.V.-S.); (J.F.-I.)
- Servicio Madrileño de Salud, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pierre van Damme
- VAXINFECTIO, Centre of Evaluation of Vaccination, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (M.H.); (P.v.D.)
| | - Krisztina Tóth
- National Koranyi Institute for Pulmonology, 1121 Budapest, Hungary (K.T.)
| | | | - Rebecca Jane Cox
- Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway;
| | - Petr Husa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 60177 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.S.); (P.H.)
- University Hospital Brno, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Czech Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (CZECRIN), 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pontus Nauclér
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (H.H.A.); (P.N.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Marques
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Jordi Ochando
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Evelina Tacconelli
- Infectious Diseases, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (R.J.D.); (A.M.A.); (E.T.)
| | - Markus Zeitlinger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Oliver A. Cornely
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Institute of Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (J.S.-G.); (S.H.); (O.A.C.)
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 38124 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD) and Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Clinical Trials Centre Cologne (ZKS Köln), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Zoi Dorothea Pana
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus; (C.D.A.); (S.C.T.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (E.N.); (A.N.); (Z.D.P.)
| | - Theoklis E. Zaoutis
- Collaborative Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes Research (CLEO), 15451 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (M.K.); (D.K.); (C.M.); (G.C.T.)
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Ketel C, Clouse K, Jordan H, Uroza S, Kirby J, Adams K, Davis T, Janbakhsh D, Green M, Hopkins P, James B, Rahman N, Thomas A, Plummer C. Bringing COVID-19 vaccine to medically underserved populations utilizing a community-guided mobile vaccine program. Public Health Nurs 2023; 40:925-930. [PMID: 37622842 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Between March 23, 2021, and December 31, 2022, the Mobile Vaccine Program (MVP) vaccinated 5044 individuals from medically-underserved communities in Middle Tennessee identified through and guided by a collaboration of local community agencies. The primary objective of the MVP was to vaccinate individuals for COVID-19 who had barriers to traditional mass vaccine strategies through community-guided strategies and partnerships. Three strategies were developed and implemented with community partners and their affiliated community health workers (CHWs). The strategies included pop-up vaccination clinics at community partner events, CHW-guided door-to-door in-home vaccination, and community partner-initiated homebound referrals for vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ketel
- Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Kate Clouse
- Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Heather Jordan
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sarah Uroza
- Lipscomb University College of Pharmacy, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Justin Kirby
- Lipscomb University College of Pharmacy, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Keri Adams
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | | | - Michael Green
- Metropolitan Development and Housing Agency, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Paige Hopkins
- Metropolitan Development and Housing Agency, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Nadia Rahman
- Nashville International Center for Empowerment, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ally Thomas
- Nashville International Center for Empowerment, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Carrie Plummer
- Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, Nashville, Tennessee
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Disney L, Ahmed R, Moon Y, Carnes S. Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake and Reasons for Vaccine Hesitancy Among New York State Refugees. JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE-BASED SOCIAL WORK (2019) 2023; 20:653-667. [PMID: 37461308 DOI: 10.1080/26408066.2023.2201240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Resettled refugees in the U.S. face a disproportionately high risk of COVID-19 exposure, infection, and death. This study examines COVID-19 vaccination status among adult participants and their minor children, reasons for vaccine hesitancy, and predictors of vaccine uptake, as well as sources of COVID-19 news and information and trust in those sources. METHOD The data in this study were drawn from the Telehealth and COVID-19 Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in New York Refugee Communities Survey (N = 353), conducted March-May, 2022. RESULTS The multivariate results indicate that in this sample of resettled refugees, those who reported higher levels of educational attainment, were from Afghanistan, and those who had fewer concerns about the vaccine were more likely to accept vaccination. The participants in this study identified local health workers, clinics, and community organizations - places where social workers are present - as both the largest source of nonsocial media COVID-19 news and information and the most trusted source of COVID-19 news and information. DISCUSSION The implications from this study provide social workers with an understanding of the social and behavioral factors impacting vaccine uptake in refugee communities. CONCLUSION According to the NASW Code of Ethics, social workers must challenge inequalities that persist against marginalized groups, such as racial and ethnic health disparities. Social work practitioners can play an essential role in decreasing unjust health disparities by providing accurate, culturally appropriate information on public health concerns such as COVID-19 to their refugee clients and within interprofessional collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Disney
- School of Social Welfare, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Rukhsana Ahmed
- Department of Communication, College of Arts and Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Yohan Moon
- School of Social Welfare, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Stephanie Carnes
- School of Social Welfare, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
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Hernández-Vásquez A, Vargas-Fernández R. Non-vaccination Against COVID-19 Among Venezuelan Refugees and Migrants Adults in Peru: A Cross-sectional Study, 2022. J Prev Med Public Health 2023; 56:397-406. [PMID: 37735835 PMCID: PMC10579637 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.23.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine factors associated with non-vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among the Venezuelan immigrant population residing in Peru. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using data obtained from the Second Survey of the Venezuelan Population Residing in Peru in 2022. The dependent variable was vaccination status against COVID-19. The independent variables included socio-demographic, economic, and migratory characteristics of the included population. Crude and adjusted generalized linear Poisson-family models were used to calculate prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS A total of 7739 Venezuelan migrants aged 18 years or older were included. The proportion of non-vaccination against COVID-19 was 5.7%. Regarding associated factors, unemployment (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR], 1.31; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.65) was linked to an increased likelihood of not being vaccinated against COVID-19. In contrast, women (aPR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.95), possessing a migration permit (aPR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.54), and having health insurance (aPR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.27 to 0.81) were associated with a decreased likelihood of being unvaccinated. CONCLUSIONS The primary governmental and non-governmental institutions responsible for supporting and protecting the Venezuelan migrant and refugee population should improve vaccination access by issuing migration permits and providing health insurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Hernández-Vásquez
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
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Mungmunpuntipantip R, Wiwanitkit V, Sookaromdee P. Vaccine hesitancy in the refugee, immigrant, and migrant population: Correspondence. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2151292. [PMID: 36503488 PMCID: PMC9766456 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2151292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Viroj Wiwanitkit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University Gharuan, Mohali, India
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