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Adenine overload induces ferroptosis in human primary proximal tubular epithelial cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:104. [PMID: 35110539 PMCID: PMC8810935 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04527-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of crystal nephropathy involves deposition of intratubular crystals, tubular obstruction and cell death. The deposition of 8-dihydroxyadenine (DHA) crystals within kidney tubules, for instance, is caused by a hereditary deficiency of adenine phosphoribosyl transferase in humans or adenine overload in preclinical models. However, the downstream pathobiological patterns of tubular cell attrition in adenine/DHA-induced nephropathy remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated: (i) the modes of adenine-induced tubular cell death in an experimental rat model and in human primary proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTEC); and (ii) the therapeutic effect of the flavonoid baicalein as a novel cell death inhibitor. In a rat model of adenine diet-induced crystal nephropathy, significantly elevated levels of tubular iron deposition and lipid peroxidation (4-hydroxynonenal; 4-HNE) were detected. This phenotype is indicative of ferroptosis, a novel form of regulated necrosis. In cultures of human primary PTEC, adenine overload-induced significantly increased mitochondrial superoxide levels, mitochondrial depolarisation, DNA damage and necrotic cell death compared with untreated PTEC. Molecular interrogation of adenine-stimulated PTEC revealed a significant reduction in the lipid repair enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and the significant increase in 4-HNE compared with untreated PTEC, supporting the concept of ferroptotic cell death. Moreover, baicalein treatment inhibited ferroptosis in adenine-stimulated PTEC by selectively modulating the mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and thus, suppressing mitochondrial superoxide production and DNA damage. These data identify ferroptosis as the primary pattern of PTEC necrosis in adenine-induced nephropathy and establish baicalein as a potential therapeutic tool for the clinical management of ferroptosis-associated crystal nephropathies (e.g., DHA nephropathy, oxalate nephropathy).
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Levi H, Bar E, Cohen-Adiv S, Sweitat S, Kanner S, Galron R, Mitiagin Y, Barzilai A. Dysfunction of cerebellar microglia in Ataxia-telangiectasia. Glia 2021; 70:536-557. [PMID: 34854502 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a multisystem autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the ATM gene and characterized by cerebellar atrophy, progressive ataxia, immunodeficiency, male and female sterility, radiosensitivity, cancer predisposition, growth retardation, insulin-resistant diabetes, and premature aging. ATM phosphorylates more than 1500 target proteins, which are involved in cell cycle control, DNA repair, apoptosis, modulation of chromatin structure, and other cytoplasmic as well as mitochondrial processes. In our quest to better understand the mechanisms by which ATM deficiency causes cerebellar degeneration, we hypothesized that specific vulnerabilities of cerebellar microglia underlie the etiology of A-T. Our hypothesis is based on the recent finding that dysfunction of glial cells affect a variety of process leading to impaired neuronal functionality (Song et al., 2019). Whereas astrocytes and neurons descend from the neural tube, microglia originate from the hematopoietic system, invade the brain at early embryonic stage, and become the innate immune cells of the central nervous system and important participants in development of synaptic plasticity. Here we demonstrate that microglia derived from Atm-/- mouse cerebellum display accelerated cell migration and are severely impaired in phagocytosis, secretion of neurotrophic factors, and mitochondrial activity, suggestive of apoptotic processes. Interestingly, no microglial impairment was detected in Atm-deficient cerebral cortex, and Atm deficiency had less impact on astroglia than microglia. Collectively, our findings validate the roles of glial cells in cerebellar attrition in A-T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Levi
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ela Bar
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Stav Cohen-Adiv
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Suzan Sweitat
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sivan Kanner
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronit Galron
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yulia Mitiagin
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ari Barzilai
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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3
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Hadianamrei R, Tomeh MA, Brown S, Wang J, Zhao X. Correlation between the secondary structure and surface activity of β-sheet forming cationic amphiphilic peptides and their anticancer activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 209:112165. [PMID: 34715505 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main causes of death worldwide. The current cancer treatment strategies often lack selectivity for cancer cells resulting in dose-limiting adverse effects and reduced quality of life. Recently, anticancer peptides (ACPs) have emerged as an alternative treatment with higher selectivity, less adverse effects, and lower propensity for drug resistance. However, most of the current studies on the ACPs are focused on α-helical ACPs and there is lack of systematic studies on β-sheet forming ACPs. Herein we report the development of a new series of rationally designed short cationic amphiphilic β-sheet forming ACPs and their structure activity relationship. The peptides had the general formula (XY1XY2)3, with X representing hydrophobic amino acids (isoleucine (I) or leucine (L)), Y1 and Y2 representing cationic amino acids (arginine (R) or lysine (K)). The cytotoxicity of the designed ACPs in HCT 116 colorectal cancer, HeLa cervical cancer and human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells was assessed by MTT test. The physicochemical properties of the peptides were characterized by various techniques including RP-HPLC, LC-MS, and Circular Dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. The surface activity of the peptides at the air-water interface and their interaction with the lipid monolayers as models for cell membranes were studied by Langmuir trough. The peptides consisting of I with R and K had selective anticancer activity while the combination of L and R diminished the anticancer activity of the peptides but rendered them more toxic to HDFs. The anticancer activity of the peptides was directed by their surface activity (amphiphilicity) and their secondary structure in hydrophobic surfaces including cancer cell membranes. The selectivity of the peptides for cancer cells was a result of their higher penetration into cancer cell membranes compared to normal cell membranes. The peptides exerted their anticancer activity by disrupting the mitochondrial membranes and eventually apoptosis. The results presented in this study provide an insight into the structure-activity relationship of this class of ACPs which can be employed as guidance to design new ACPs with improved anticancer activity and lower toxicity against normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roja Hadianamrei
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Mhd Anas Tomeh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Stephen Brown
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Jiqian Wang
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Xiubo Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK; School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
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Hadianamrei R, Tomeh MA, Brown S, Wang J, Zhao X. Rationally designed short cationic α-helical peptides with selective anticancer activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:488-501. [PMID: 34509120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Naturally derived or synthetic anticancer peptides (ACPs) have emerged as a new generation of anticancer agents with higher selectivity for cancer cells and less propensity for drug resistance. Despite the structural diversity of ACPs, α-helix is the most common secondary structure among them. Herein we report the development of a new library of short cationic amphiphilic α-helical ACPs with selective cytotoxicity against colorectal and cervical cancer. EXPERIMENTS The peptides had a general formula C(XXYY)3 with C representing amino acid cysteine (providing a -SH group for molecular conjugation), X representing hydrophobic amino acids (isoleucine (I) or leucine (L)), and Y representing cationic amino acids (arginine (R) or lysine (K)). Two variants of the peptides were synthesized by adding additional Isoleucine residues to the C-terminal and replacing the N-terminal cysteine with LC-propargylglycine (LC-G) to investigate the effect of N-terminal and C-terminal variation on the anticancer activity. The structure and physicochemical properties of the peptides were determined by RP-HPLC, LC-MS and CD spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity of the peptides in different cell lines was assessed by MTT test, cell proliferation assay and mitochondrial damage assay. The mechanism of cell selectivity of the peptides was investigated by studying their interfacial behaviour at the air/water and lipid/water interface using Langmuir trough. FINDINGS The peptides consisting of K residues in their hydrophilic domains exhibited more selective anticancer activity whereas the peptides containing R exhibited strong toxicity in normal cells. The anticancer activity of the peptides was a function of their helical content and their hydrophobicity. Therefore, the addition of two I residues at C-terminal enhanced the anticancer activity of the peptides by increasing their hydrophobicity and their helical content. These two variants also exhibited strong anticancer activity against colorectal cancer multicellular tumour spheroids (MCTS). The higher toxicity of the peptides in cancer cells compared to normal cells was the result of higher penetration into the negatively charged cancer cell membranes, leading to higher cellular uptake, and their cytotoxic effect was mainly exerted by damaging the mitochondrial membranes leading to apoptosis. The results from this study provide a basis for rational design of new α-helical ACPs with enhanced anticancer activity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roja Hadianamrei
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Mhd Anas Tomeh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Stephen Brown
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Jiqian Wang
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Xiubo Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK; School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
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Ginsenoside Rg1 can restore hematopoietic function by inhibiting Bax translocation-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis in aplastic anemia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12742. [PMID: 34140535 PMCID: PMC8211841 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91471-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated, the anti-apoptotic activity of Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) via inhibition of Bax translocation and the subsequent recovery of hematopoietic function. Mitochondrial apoptosis in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMNCs) was observed in aplastic anemia (AA) patients. To establish a mouse model of AA, BALB/c mice were transplanted with lymph node cells from DBA/2 donor mice via vein injection after treatment with Co60 γ-radiation. After treatment with Rg1 for 14 days, the peripheral blood and Lin–Sca-1 + c-Kit + (LSK) cell counts of the treated group were increased compared with those of the untreated model mice. In in vivo and in vitro tests of LSKs, Rg1 was found to increase mitochondrial number and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and to decrease damage to the mitochondrial inner and outer membranes, the mitochondrial Bax level and the protein levels of mitochondrial apoptosis-related proteins AIF and Cyt-C by decreasing the ROS level. Rg1 also improved the concentration–time curve of MAO and COX and levels of ATP, ADP and AMP in an in vitro test. In addition, high levels of Bax mitochondrial translocation could be corrected by Rg1 treatment. Levels of markers of mitochondrial apoptosis in the Rg1-treated group were significantly better than those in the AA model group, implying that Rg1 might improve hematopoietic stem cells and thereby restore hematopoietic function in AA by suppressing the mitochondrial apoptosis mediated by Bax translocation.
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6
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Natural Products Targeting the Mitochondria in Cancers. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010092. [PMID: 33379233 PMCID: PMC7795732 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are abundant sources of anticancer drugs in nature that have a broad prospect in anticancer drug discovery. Natural compounds, with biological activities extracted from plants and marine and microbial metabolites, have significant antitumor effects, but their mechanisms are various. In addition to providing energy to cells, mitochondria are involved in processes, such as cell differentiation, cell signaling, and cell apoptosis, and they have the ability to regulate cell growth and cell cycle. Summing up recent data on how natural products regulate mitochondria is valuable for the development of anticancer drugs. This review focuses on natural products that have shown antitumor effects via regulating mitochondria. The search was done in PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, over a 5-year period, between 2015 and 2020, with a keyword search that focused on natural products, natural compounds, phytomedicine, Chinese medicine, antitumor, and mitochondria. Many natural products have been studied to have antitumor effects on different cells and can be further processed into useful drugs to treat cancer. In the process of searching for valuable new drugs, natural products such as terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, coumarins, and quinones cover the broad space.
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7
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Kong N, Tao W, Ling X, Wang J, Xiao Y, Shi S, Ji X, Shajii A, Gan ST, Kim NY, Duda DG, Xie T, Farokhzad OC, Shi J. Synthetic mRNA nanoparticle-mediated restoration of p53 tumor suppressor sensitizes p53-deficient cancers to mTOR inhibition. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/523/eaaw1565. [PMID: 31852795 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw1565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Loss of function in tumor suppressor genes is commonly associated with the onset/progression of cancer and treatment resistance. The p53 tumor suppressor gene, a master regulator of diverse cellular pathways, is frequently altered in various cancers, for example, in ~36% of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and ~68% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Current methods for restoration of p53 expression, including small molecules and DNA therapies, have yielded progressive success, but each has formidable drawbacks. Here, a redox-responsive nanoparticle (NP) platform is engineered for effective delivery of p53-encoding synthetic messenger RNA (mRNA). We demonstrate that the synthetic p53-mRNA NPs markedly delay the growth of p53-null HCC and NSCLC cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. We also reveal that p53 restoration markedly improves the sensitivity of these tumor cells to everolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor that failed to show clinical benefits in advanced HCC and NSCLC. Moreover, cotargeting of tumor-suppressing p53 and tumorigenic mTOR signaling pathways results in marked antitumor effects in vitro and in multiple animal models of HCC and NSCLC. Our findings indicate that restoration of tumor suppressors by the synthetic mRNA NP delivery strategy could be combined together with other therapies for potent combinatorial cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Kong
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Wei Tao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Xiang Ling
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Junqing Wang
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yuling Xiao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sanjun Shi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Ji
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Holistic Integrative Pharmacy Institutes, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Aram Shajii
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Silvia Tian Gan
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Na Yoon Kim
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dan G Duda
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Holistic Integrative Pharmacy Institutes, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
| | - Omid C Farokhzad
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. .,King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jinjun Shi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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8
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Anticancer Effect of Mountain Ginseng on Human Breast Cancer: Comparison with Farm-Cultivated Ginseng. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2584783. [PMID: 32774407 PMCID: PMC7399781 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2584783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mountain ginseng has been used generally as a pharmacopuncture for cancer therapy in clinical practice in Northeast Asia. Nonetheless, there have been few scientific reports for the anticancer action of mountain ginseng. In this study, we investigated whether mountain ginseng extract (MGE) could inhibit the growth of breast cancer in in vitro and in vivo models. MGE showed stronger cytotoxicity than farm-cultivated ginseng extract (FGE) through promoting ROS generation. Also MGE dose-dependently brought about mitochondrial dysfunction in MCF-7 cells. In addition, MGE induced apoptosis through enhancing the activities of caspase-3/7 by regulation of expression of Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome c, and cleaved caspase-3 in the MCF-7 cells. Consistent with the in vitro results, MGE significantly reduced tumor weights compared with FGE in mice transplanted with MCF-7 cells, and it regulated the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, such as Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved PARP, in the tumor tissues. Additionally, MGE included higher total ginsenoside contents than FGE. In conclusion, MGE, which is richer in ginsenosides, exerts a stronger anticancer action than FGE in breast cancer. The anticancer action of MGE may be closely correlated with caspase-mediated apoptosis through upregulating ROS generation. Therefore, these findings may be helpful for a clinical understanding of the anticancer mechanism of MGE for breast cancer patients.
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Wang W, Yang X, Chen Y, Ye X, Jiang K, Xiong A, Yang L, Wang Z. Seneciphylline, a main pyrrolizidine alkaloid in Gynura japonica, induces hepatotoxicity in mice and primary hepatocytes via activating mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 40:1534-1544. [PMID: 32618019 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Herbal drug-induced liver injury has been reported worldwide and gained global attention. Thousands of hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) cases have been reported after consumption of herbal medicines and preparations containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), which are natural phytotoxins globally distributed. And herbal medicines, such as Gynura japonica, are the current leading cause of PA-induced HSOS. The present study aimed to reveal the mechanism underlying the hepatotoxicity of seneciphylline (Seph), a main PA in G. japonica. Results showed that Seph induced severe liver injury through apoptosis in mice (70 mg/kg Seph, orally) and primary mouse and human hepatocytes (5-50 μM Seph). Further research uncovered that Seph induced apoptosis by disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis, inducing mitochondrial depolarization, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) loss, and cytochrome c (Cyt c) release and activating c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). The Seph-induced apoptosis in hepatocytes could be alleviated by Mdivi-1 (50 μM, a dynamin-related protein 1 inhibitor), as well as SP600125 (25 μM, a specific JNK inhibitor) and ZVAD-fmk (50 μM, a general caspase inhibitor). Moreover, the Seph-induced MMP loss in hepatocytes was also rescued by Mdivi-1. In conclusion, Seph induced liver toxicity via activating mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in mice and primary hepatocytes. Our results provide further information on Seph detoxification and herbal medicines containing Seph such as G. japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqian Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuanling Ye
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiyuan Jiang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aizhen Xiong
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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10
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Deng X, Liu J, Liu L, Sun X, Huang J, Dong J. Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission contributes to baicalein-induced apoptosis and autophagy in lung cancer via activation of AMPK signaling pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1403-1416. [PMID: 32210728 PMCID: PMC7085231 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.41768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Baicalein (BA), a natural compound extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has been reported to exert antitumor effect in various cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been well demonstrated. In the present study, we focused on the relationship between mitochondrial fission and BA-induced apoptosis and autophagy. We showed that BA inhibited cell viability and induced mitochondrial apoptosis in A549 and H1299 lung cancer cells. BA induced the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the release of cytochrome c and apoptosis inducing factor (Aif) from mitochondria to cytoplasm. Meanwhile, BA induced autophagy and activated autophagic flux. Furthermore, we found that BA induced mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial impairment. Blocking mitochondrial fission by mdivi-1 attenuated BA-induced apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, BA activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. Knockdown of AMPK with lentivirus encoded AMPKα also attenuated BA-induced mitochondrial fission, apoptosis and autophagy. Our in vivo data confirmed that BA inhibited tumor growth and induced apoptosis and autophagy in a Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) xenograft model via activation of AMPK/mitochondrial fission pathway. Our study highlights the critical role of AMPK/mitochondrial fission pathway in the regulation of BA-induced apoptosis and autophagy. These results revealed the molecular mechanism of the anti-lung cancer property of BA and provided novel perspectives for the application of BA in the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Deng
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lantao Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Xianjun Sun
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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11
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Khan MA, Wang X, Giuliani KT, Nag P, Grivei A, Ungerer J, Hoy W, Healy H, Gobe G, Kassianos AJ. Underlying Histopathology Determines Response to Oxidative Stress in Cultured Human Primary Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020560. [PMID: 31952318 PMCID: PMC7014216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTEC) are key players in the progression of kidney diseases. PTEC studies to date have primarily used mouse models and transformed human PTEC lines. However, the translatability of these models to human kidney disease has been questioned. In this study, we investigated the phenotypic and functional response of human primary PTEC to oxidative stress, an established driver of kidney disease. Furthermore, we examined the functional contribution of the underlying histopathology of the cortical tissue used to generate our PTEC. We demonstrated that human primary PTEC from both histologically ‘normal’ and ‘diseased’ cortical tissue responded to H2O2-induced oxidative stress with significantly elevated mitochondrial superoxide levels, DNA damage, and significantly decreased proliferation. The functional response of ‘normal’ PTEC to oxidative stress mirrored the reported pathogenesis of human kidney disease, with significantly attenuated mitochondrial function and increased cell death. In contrast, ‘diseased’ PTEC were functionally resistant to oxidative stress, with maintenance of mitochondrial function and cell viability. This selective survival of ‘diseased’ PTEC under oxidizing conditions is reminiscent of the in vivo persistence of maladaptive PTEC following kidney injury. We are now exploring the impact that these differential PTEC responses have in the therapeutic targeting of oxidative stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali Khan
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (M.A.K.); (W.H.); (H.H.); (G.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Queensland, Australia (J.U.)
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Xiangju Wang
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kurt T.K. Giuliani
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Queensland, Australia (J.U.)
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Purba Nag
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anca Grivei
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jacobus Ungerer
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Queensland, Australia (J.U.)
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
| | - Wendy Hoy
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (M.A.K.); (W.H.); (H.H.); (G.G.)
- Centre for Chronic Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Helen Healy
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (M.A.K.); (W.H.); (H.H.); (G.G.)
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Chronic Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Glenda Gobe
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (M.A.K.); (W.H.); (H.H.); (G.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Queensland, Australia (J.U.)
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Chronic Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Kassianos
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia; (X.W.); (P.N.); (A.G.)
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Chronic Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-7-3362-0488
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12
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Etifoxine, a TSPO Ligand, Worsens Hepatitis C-Related Insulin Resistance but Relieves Lipid Accumulation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3102414. [PMID: 30984779 PMCID: PMC6432734 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3102414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Etifoxine, an 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) agonist for the treatment of anxiety disorders in clinic, may be able to cause acute liver injury or cytolytic hepatitis. TSPO has been demonstrated to participate in inflammatory responses in infective diseases as well as to modulate glucose and lipid homeostasis. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection disrupts glucose and lipid homoeostasis, leading to insulin resistance (IR). Whether TSPO affects the HCV-induced IR remains unclear. Here, we found that the administration of etifoxine increased the TSPO protein expression and recovered the HCV-mediated lower mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) without affecting HCV infection. Moreover, etifoxine reversed the HCV-induced lipid accumulation by modulating the expressions of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 and apolipoprotein J. On the other hand, in infected cells pretreated with etifoxine, the insulin-mediated insulin receptor substrate-1/Akt signals, forkhead box protein O1 translocation, and glucose uptake were blocked. Taken together, our results pointed out that etifoxine relieved the HCV-retarded MMP and reduced the lipid accumulation but deteriorated the HCV-induced IR by interfering with insulin signal molecules.
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13
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Mlakar V, Jurkovic Mlakar S, Lesne L, Marino D, Rathi KS, Maris JM, Ansari M, Gumy-Pause F. PRIMA-1 MET-induced neuroblastoma cell death is modulated by p53 and mycn through glutathione level. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:69. [PMID: 30755224 PMCID: PMC6373164 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. This cancer has a low frequency of TP53 mutations and its downstream pathway is usually intact. This study assessed the efficacy of the p53 activator, PRIMA-1MET, in inducing neuroblastoma cell death. Methods CellTiter 2.0 was used to study susceptibility and specificity of NB cell lines to PRIMA-1MET. Real-time PCR and western blot were used to assess the most common p53 transactivation targets. Induction of p53 and Noxa, and inhibition of Cas3/7, were used to assess impact on cell death after PRIMA-1MET treatment. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle phase and induction of apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, and the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential. Results Neuroblastoma cell lines were at least four times more susceptible to PRIMA-1MET than were primary fibroblasts and keratinocyte cell lines. PRIMA-1MET induced cell death rapidly and in all cell cycle phases. Although PRIMA-1MET activated p53 transactivation activity, p53’s role is likely limited because its main targets remained unaffected, whereas pan-caspase inhibitor demonstrated no ability to prevent cell death. PRIMA-1MET induced oxidative stress and modulated the methionine/cysteine/glutathione axis. Variations of MYCN and p53 modulated intracellular levels of GSH and resulted in increased/decreased sensitivity of PRIMA-1MET. PRIMA-1MET inhibited thioredoxin reductase, but the effect of PRIMA-1MET was not altered by thioredoxin inhibition. Conclusions PRIMA-1MET could be a promising new agent to treat neuroblastoma because it demonstrated good anti-tumor action. Although p53 is involved in PRIMA-1MET-mediated cell death, our results suggest that direct interaction with p53 has a limited role in neuroblastoma but rather acts through modulation of GSH levels. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1066-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vid Mlakar
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simona Jurkovic Mlakar
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Lesne
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Denis Marino
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Komal S Rathi
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John M Maris
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marc Ansari
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Onco-Hematology Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Gumy-Pause
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Onco-Hematology Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
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14
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Sivaraj M, Mukherjee A, Mariappan R, Mariadoss AV, Jeyaraj M. Polyorganophosphazene stabilized gold nanoparticles for intracellular drug delivery in breast carcinoma cells. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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15
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Bak DH, Na J, Im SI, Oh CT, Kim JY, Park SK, Han HJ, Seok J, Choi SY, Ko EJ, Mun SK, Ahn SW, Kim BJ. Antioxidant effect of human placenta hydrolysate against oxidative stress on muscle atrophy. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1643-1658. [PMID: 30132871 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia, which refers to the muscle loss that accompanies aging, is a complex neuromuscular disorder with a clinically high prevalence and mortality. Despite many efforts to protect against muscle weakness and muscle atrophy, the incidence of sarcopenia and its related permanent disabilities continue to increase. In this study, we found that treatment with human placental hydrolysate (hPH) significantly increased the viability (approximately 15%) of H2 O2 -stimulated C2C12 cells. Additionally, while H2 O2 -stimulated cells showed irregular morphology, hPH treatment restored their morphology to that of cells cultured under normal conditions. We further showed that hPH treatment effectively inhibited H2 O2 -induced cell death. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and Mstn expression induced by oxidative stress are closely associated with muscular dysfunction followed by atrophy. Exposure of C2C12 cells to H2 O2 induced abundant production of intracellular ROS, mitochondrial superoxide, and mitochondrial dysfunction as well as myostatin expression via nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling; these effects were attenuated by hPH. Additionally, hPH decreased mitochondria fission-related gene expression (Drp1 and BNIP3) and increased mitochondria biogenesis via the Sirt1/AMPK/PGC-1α pathway and autophagy regulation. In vivo studies revealed that hPH-mediated prevention of atrophy was achieved predominantly through regulation of myostatin and PGC-1α expression and autophagy. Taken together, our findings indicate that hPH is potentially protective against muscle atrophy and oxidative cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ho Bak
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungtae Na
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Song I Im
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Taek Oh
- Research Institute, Research & Development Center, Green Cross WellBeing Corporation, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jeom-Yong Kim
- Research Institute, Research & Development Center, Green Cross WellBeing Corporation, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sun-Kyu Park
- Research Institute, Research & Development Center, Green Cross WellBeing Corporation, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hae Jung Han
- Research Institute, Research & Development Center, Green Cross WellBeing Corporation, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Joon Seok
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Young Choi
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Seoul Paik Hospital Inje University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Ko
- Myongji Hospital, College of Medicine, Seonam University, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seog-Kyun Mun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Won Ahn
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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Mehnath S, Arjama M, Rajan M, Annamalai G, Jeyaraj M. Co-encapsulation of dual drug loaded in MLNPs: Implication on sustained drug release and effectively inducing apoptosis in oral carcinoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:661-671. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Wang Y, Chen J, Zhang K, Wu W, Ge L, Wan H, Li J, Tian J, Zeng X. Chemical Composition, Proapoptotic and Antiosteoporosis Activities of the Essential Oil from the Aerial Part of <i>Alpinia officinarum</i> Hance. Chin Med 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/cm.2018.93009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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18
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Goto RN, Sobral LM, Sousa LO, Garcia CB, Lopes NP, Marín-Prida J, Ochoa-Rodríguez E, Verdecia-Reyes Y, Pardo-Andreu GL, Curti C, Leopoldino AM. Anti-cancer activity of a new dihydropyridine derivative, VdiE-2N, in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 819:198-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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19
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Bone morphogenic protein BMP7 induces adipocyte differentiation and uncoupling protein UCP1 expression in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. RENDICONTI LINCEI-SCIENZE FISICHE E NATURALI 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-017-0643-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Lee M, Ahn JI, Lee AR, Ko DW, Yang WS, Lee G, Ahn JY, Lim JM. Adverse Effect of Superovulation Treatment on Maturation, Function and Ultrastructural Integrity of Murine Oocytes. Mol Cells 2017; 40:558-566. [PMID: 28756654 PMCID: PMC5582302 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular monitoring on experimental animal management found the fluctuation of ART outcome, which showed a necessity to explore whether superovulation treatment is responsible for such unexpected outcome. This study was subsequently conducted to examine whether superovulation treatment can preserve ultrastructural integrity and developmental competence of oocytes following oocyte activation and embryo culture. A randomized study using mouse model was designed and in vitro development (experiment 1), ultrastructural morphology (experiment 2) and functional integrity of the oocytes (experiment 3) retrieved after PMSG/hCG injection (superovulation group) or not (natural ovulation; control group) were evaluated. In experiment 1, more oocytes were retrieved following superovulation than following natural ovulation, but natural ovulation yielded higher (p < 0.0563) maturation rate than superovulation. The capacity of mature oocytes to form pronucleus and to develop into blastocysts in vitro was similar. In experiment 2, a notable (p < 0.0186) increase in mitochondrial deformity, characterized by the formation of vacuolated mitochondria, was detected in the superovulation group. Multivesicular body formation was also increased, whereas early endosome formation was significantly decreased. No obvious changes in other microorganelles, however, were detected, which included the formation and distribution of mitochondria, cortical granules, microvilli, and smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum. In experiment 3, significant decreases in mitochondrial activity, ATP production and dextran uptake were detected in the superovulation group. In conclusion, superovulation treatment may change both maturational status and functional and ultrastuctural integrity of oocytes. Superovulation effect on preimplantation development can be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myungook Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Jong Il Ahn
- Research Institutes of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Ah Ran Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Dong Woo Ko
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Woo Sub Yang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Gene Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Ahn
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Jeong Mook Lim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
- Research Institutes of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
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21
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Moore A, Lan Q, Hofmann JN, Liu CS, Cheng WL, Lin TT, Berndt SI. A prospective study of mitochondrial DNA copy number and the risk of prostate cancer. Cancer Causes Control 2017; 28:529-538. [PMID: 28357528 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-017-0879-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evidence suggests that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number increases in response to DNA damage. Increased mtDNA copy number has been observed in prostate cancer (PCa) cells, suggesting a role in PCa development, but this association has not yet been investigated prospectively. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study (793 cases and 790 controls) of men randomized to the screening arm of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO) to evaluate the association between pre-diagnosis mtDNA copy number, measured in peripheral blood leukocytes, and the risk of PCa. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) and polytomous logistic regression to analyze differences in associations by non-aggressive (Stage I/II AND Gleason grade < 8) or aggressive (Stage III/IV OR Gleason grade ≥ 8) PCa. RESULTS Although mtDNA copy number was not significantly associated with PCa risk overall (OR 1.23, 95% CI 0.97-1.55, p = 0.089), increasing mtDNA copy number was associated with an increased risk of non-aggressive PCa (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.01-1.65, p = 0.044) compared to controls. No association was observed with aggressive PCa (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.64-1.63, p = 0.933). Higher mtDNA copy number was also associated with increased PSA levels among controls (p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that alterations in mtDNA copy number may reflect disruption of the normal prostate glandular architecture seen in early-stage disease, as opposed to reflecting the large number of tumor cells seen with advanced PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Moore
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jonathan N Hofmann
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Chin-San Liu
- Vascular and Genomic Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 7F No. 235, Syuguang Rd., Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Cheng
- Vascular and Genomic Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 7F No. 235, Syuguang Rd., Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Tsung Lin
- Vascular and Genomic Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 7F No. 235, Syuguang Rd., Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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22
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Mitochondrial dynamics as regulators of cancer biology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1999-2017. [PMID: 28083595 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2451-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that supply energy required to drive key cellular processes, such as survival, proliferation, and migration. Critical to all of these processes are changes in mitochondrial architecture, a mechanical mechanism encompassing both fusion and fragmentation (fission) of the mitochondrial network. Changes to mitochondrial shape, size, and localization occur in a regulated manner to maintain energy and metabolic homeostasis, while deregulation of mitochondrial dynamics is associated with the onset of metabolic dysfunction and disease. In cancers, oncogenic signals that drive excessive proliferation, increase intracellular stress, and limit nutrient supply are all able to alter the bioenergetic and biosynthetic requirements of cancer cells. Consequently, mitochondrial function and shape rapidly adapt to these hostile conditions to support cancer cell proliferation and evade activation of cell death programs. In this review, we will discuss the molecular mechanisms governing mitochondrial dynamics and integrate recent insights into how changes in mitochondrial shape affect cellular migration, differentiation, apoptosis, and opportunities for the development of novel targeted cancer therapies.
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23
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Barbonetti A, Castellini C, Di Giammarco N, Santilli G, Francavilla S, Francavilla F. In vitro exposure of human spermatozoa to bisphenol A induces pro-oxidative/apoptotic mitochondrial dysfunction. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 66:61-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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O'Mealey GB, Berry WL, Plafker SM. Sulforaphane is a Nrf2-independent inhibitor of mitochondrial fission. Redox Biol 2016; 11:103-110. [PMID: 27889639 PMCID: PMC5126150 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The KEAP1-Nrf2-ARE antioxidant system is a principal means by which cells respond to oxidative and xenobiotic stresses. Sulforaphane (SFN), an electrophilic isothiocyanate derived from cruciferous vegetables, activates the KEAP1-Nrf2-ARE pathway and has become a molecule-of-interest in the treatment of diseases in which chronic oxidative stress plays a major etiological role. We demonstrate here that the mitochondria of cultured, human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE-1) cells treated with SFN undergo hyperfusion that is independent of both Nrf2 and its cytoplasmic inhibitor KEAP1. Mitochondrial fusion has been reported to be cytoprotective by inhibiting pore formation in mitochondria during apoptosis, and consistent with this, we show Nrf2-independent, cytoprotection of SFN-treated cells exposed to the apoptosis-inducer, staurosporine. Mechanistically, SFN mitigates the recruitment and/or retention of the soluble fission factor Drp1 to mitochondria and to peroxisomes but does not affect overall Drp1 abundance. These data demonstrate that the beneficial properties of SFN extend beyond activation of the KEAP1-Nrf2-ARE system and warrant further interrogation given the current use of this agent in multiple clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary B O'Mealey
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - William L Berry
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Scott M Plafker
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.
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25
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Ali AG, Mohamed MF, Abdelhamid AO, Mohamed MS. A novel adamantane thiadiazole derivative induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in lung carcinoma cell line. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 25:241-253. [PMID: 27847140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of organic compounds with apoptosis regulatory proteins is an attractive field of research because of its relevance in the development of new chemotherapeutic agents for cancer treatment. Our group designed four new adamantane thiadiazole derivatives (ATDs). The four ATDs were theoretically tested for their binding affinities to a model of an apoptosis inhibitor protein using molecular modeling. ATD-4 which interacted with the highest binding affinity was synthesized and characterized. The in vitro cytotoxicity of ATD-4 against different cancer cell lines as well as normal cell line was determined and compared with 5-fluorouracil as a standard positive control. The lung carcinoma cell line that showed the highest cytotoxic activity due to ATD-4 treatment was chosen to further study if ATD-4 can perform its cytotoxic activity through the induction of apoptosis as expected from molecular modeling. Inducing apoptosis by ATD-4 in lung carcinoma cell line was assessed by various biochemical and morphological characteristics. Biochemically: The effect of ATD-4 on cell cycle and its ability to induce apoptosis were checked through flow cytometry. Caspase-3 activity was detected by a colorimetric method. Real time-polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) was used to detect p53, caspase-3, bcl-2 and bax gene expression. Morphologically: Changes in cell surface morphology, granulation and average surface roughness were detected using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Cell shrinkage, increase in cytoplasmic organelles, changes in mitochondrial number and morphology, chromatin condensation, membrane blebbing and formation of apoptotic bodies were detected using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The obtained results suggest that ATD-4 exerted its antitumor activity against A549 cells through the induction of the intrinsic (mitochondrial) apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayat G Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, El Sahel Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magda F Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Speciality, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdou O Abdelhamid
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Speciality, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mervat S Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Speciality, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
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McHugh CI, Lawhorn-Crews JM, Modi D, Douglas KA, Jones SK, Mangner TJ, Collins JM, Shields AF. Effects of capecitabine treatment on the uptake of thymidine analogs using exploratory PET imaging agents: 18F-FAU, 18F-FMAU, and 18F-FLT. Cancer Imaging 2016; 16:34. [PMID: 27751167 PMCID: PMC5067904 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-016-0092-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A principal goal for the use of positron emission tomography (PET) in oncology is for real-time evaluation of tumor response to chemotherapy. Given that many contemporary anti-neoplastic agents function by impairing cellular proliferation, it is of interest to develop imaging modalities to monitor these pathways. Here we examined the effect of capecitabine on the uptake of thymidine analogs used with PET: 3’-deoxy-3’-[18F]fluorothymidine (18F-FLT), 1-(2’-deoxy-2’-[18F]fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosyl) thymidine (18F-FMAU), and 1-(2’-deoxy-2’-[18F]fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosyl) uracil (18F-FAU) in patients with advanced cancer. Methods Fifteen patients were imaged, five with each imaging agent. Patients had been previously diagnosed with breast, colorectal, gastric, and esophageal cancers and had not received therapy for at least 4 weeks prior to the first scan, and had not been treated with any prior fluoropyrimidines. Subjects were imaged within a week before the start of capecitabine and on the second day of treatment, after the third dose of capecitabine. Tracer uptake was quantified by mean standard uptake value (SUVmean) and using kinetic analysis. Results Patients imaged with 18F-FLT showed variable changes in retention and two patients exhibited an increase in SUVmean of 172.3 and 89.9 %, while the other patients had changes ranging from +19.4 to -25.4 %. The average change in 18F-FMAU retention was 0.2 % (range -24.4 to 23.1) and 18F-FAU was -10.2 % (range -40.3 to 19.2). Observed changes correlated strongly with SUVmax but not kinetic measurements. Conclusions This pilot study demonstrates that patients treated with capecitabine can produce a marked increase in 18F-FLT retention in some patients, which will require further study to determine if this flare is predictive of therapeutic response. 18F-FAU and 18F-FMAU showed little change, on average, after treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40644-016-0092-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher I McHugh
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Jawana M Lawhorn-Crews
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Oncology, Wayne State University, 4100 John R., HW04HO, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Dipenkumar Modi
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Oncology, Wayne State University, 4100 John R., HW04HO, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Kirk A Douglas
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Oncology, Wayne State University, 4100 John R., HW04HO, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Steven K Jones
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | | | | | - Anthony F Shields
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Oncology, Wayne State University, 4100 John R., HW04HO, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
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Murugan C, Rayappan K, Thangam R, Bhanumathi R, Shanthi K, Vivek R, Thirumurugan R, Bhattacharyya A, Sivasubramanian S, Gunasekaran P, Kannan S. Combinatorial nanocarrier based drug delivery approach for amalgamation of anti-tumor agents in breast cancer cells: an improved nanomedicine strategy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34053. [PMID: 27725731 PMCID: PMC5057072 DOI: 10.1038/srep34053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy of multiple drugs through a single system is exhibiting high therapeutic effects. We investigate nanocarrier mediated inhibitory effects of topotecan (TPT) and quercetin (QT) on triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (MDA-MB-231) and multi drug resistant (MDR) type breast cancer cells (MCF-7) with respect to cellular uptake efficiency and therapeutic mechanisms as in vitro and in vivo. The synthesized mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) pores used for loading TPT; the outer of the nanoparticles was decorated with poly (acrylic acid) (PAA)-Chitosan (CS) as anionic inner-cationic outer layer respectively and conjugated with QT. Subsequently, grafting of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) peptide on the surface of nanocarrier (CPMSN) thwarted the uptake by normal cells, but facilitated their uptake in cancer cells through integrin receptor mediated endocytosis and the dissociation of nanocarriers due to the ability to degrade of CS and PAA in acidic pH, which enhance the intracellular release of drugs. Subsequently, the released drugs induce remarkable molecular activation as well as structural changes in tumor cell endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus and mitochondria that can trigger cell death. The valuable CPMSNs may open up new avenues in developing targeted therapeutic strategies to treat cancer through serving as an effective drug delivery podium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandran Murugan
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Periyar University, Salem-636011, TamilNadu, INDIA
| | - Kathirvel Rayappan
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Periyar University, Salem-636011, TamilNadu, INDIA
| | - Ramar Thangam
- King Institute of Preventive Medicine &Research, Guindy, Chennai 600 032, Tamil Nadu, INDIA
| | - Ramasamy Bhanumathi
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Periyar University, Salem-636011, TamilNadu, INDIA
| | - Krishnamurthy Shanthi
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, INDIA
| | - Raju Vivek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200 240, CHINA
| | - Ramasamy Thirumurugan
- Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, INDIA
| | - Atanu Bhattacharyya
- Nanotechnology Section, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Technology and Research Centre, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560 032, Karnataka, INDIA
| | | | - Palani Gunasekaran
- King Institute of Preventive Medicine &Research, Guindy, Chennai 600 032, Tamil Nadu, INDIA
| | - Soundarapandian Kannan
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Periyar University, Salem-636011, TamilNadu, INDIA
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Cheng ML, Chi LM, Wu PR, Ho HY. Dehydroepiandrosterone-induced changes in mitochondrial proteins contribute to phenotypic alterations in hepatoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 117:20-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Trindade D, Pereira C, Chaves SR, Manon S, Côrte-Real M, Sousa MJ. VDAC regulates AAC-mediated apoptosis and cytochrome c release in yeast. MICROBIAL CELL 2016; 3:500-510. [PMID: 28357318 PMCID: PMC5348984 DOI: 10.15698/mic2016.10.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization is a key event in apoptosis
processes leading to the release of lethal factors. We have previously shown
that absence of the ADP/ATP carrier (AAC) proteins (yeast orthologues of
mammalian ANT proteins) increased the resistance of yeast cells to acetic acid,
preventing MOMP and the release of cytochrome c from
mitochondria during acetic acid - induced apoptosis. On the other hand, deletion
of POR1 (yeast voltage-dependent anion channel - VDAC)
increased the sensitivity of yeast cells to acetic acid. In the present work, we
aimed to further characterize the role of yeast VDAC in acetic acid - induced
apoptosis and assess if it functionally interacts with AAC proteins. We found
that the sensitivity to acetic acid resulting from POR1
deletion is completely abrogated by the absence of AAC proteins, and propose
that Por1p acts as a negative regulator of acetic acid - induced cell death by a
mechanism dependent of AAC proteins, by acting on AAC - dependent cytochrome
c release. Moreover, we show that Por1p has a role in
mitochondrial fusion that, contrary to its role in apoptosis, is not affected by
the absence of AAC, and demonstrate that mitochondrial network fragmentation is
not sufficient to induce release of cytochrome c or sensitivity
to acetic acid - induced apoptosis. This work enhances our understanding on
cytochrome c release during cell death, which may be relevant
in pathological scenarios where MOMP is compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dário Trindade
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (CBMA), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. ; Institut de Biochimie et de Génétique Cellulaires (IBGC), UMR5095 CNRS & Université de Bordeaux, 1 Rue de Camille Saint-Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Clara Pereira
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal. ; IBMC-Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Susana R Chaves
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (CBMA), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Stéphen Manon
- Institut de Biochimie et de Génétique Cellulaires (IBGC), UMR5095 CNRS & Université de Bordeaux, 1 Rue de Camille Saint-Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Manuela Côrte-Real
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (CBMA), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria J Sousa
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (CBMA), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Zhang XF, Gurunathan S. Combination of salinomycin and silver nanoparticles enhances apoptosis and autophagy in human ovarian cancer cells: an effective anticancer therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:3655-75. [PMID: 27536105 PMCID: PMC4977082 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s111279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most important malignancies, and the origin, detection, and pathogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer remain elusive. Although many cancer drugs have been developed to dramatically reduce the size of tumors, most cancers eventually relapse, posing a critical problem to overcome. Hence, it is necessary to identify possible alternative therapeutic approaches to reduce the mortality rate of this devastating disease. To identify alternative approaches, we first synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using a novel bacterium called Bacillus clausii. The synthesized AgNPs were homogenous and spherical in shape, with an average size of 16–20 nm, which are known to cause cytotoxicity in various types of human cancer cells, whereas salinomycin (Sal) is able to kill cancer stem cells. Therefore, we selected both Sal and AgNPs to study their combined effect on apoptosis and autophagy in ovarian cancer cells. The cells treated with either Sal or AgNPs showed a dose-dependent effect with inhibitory concentration (IC)-50 values of 6.0 µM and 8 µg/mL for Sal and AgNPs, respectively. To determine the combination effect, we measured the IC25 values of both Sal and AgNPs (3.0 µM and 4 µg/mL), which showed a more dramatic inhibitory effect on cell viability and cell morphology than either Sal or AgNPs alone. The combination of Sal and AgNPs had more pronounced effect on cytotoxicity and expression of apoptotic genes and also significantly induced the accumulation of autophagolysosomes, which was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and loss of cell viability. Our data show a strong synergistic interaction between Sal and AgNPs in tested cancer cells. The combination treatment increased the therapeutic potential and demonstrated the relevant targeted therapy for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Furthermore, we provide, for the first time, a mode of action for Sal and AgNPs in ovarian cancer cells: enhanced apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Feng Zhang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Guo N, Liu Z, Zhao W, Wang E, Wang J. Small Molecule APY606 Displays Extensive Antitumor Activity in Pancreatic Cancer via Impairing Ras-MAPK Signaling. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155874. [PMID: 27223122 PMCID: PMC4880342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has been found with abnormal expression or mutation in Ras proteins. Oncogenic Ras activation exploits their extensive signaling reach to affect multiple cellular processes, in which the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling exerts important roles in tumorigenesis. Therapies targeted Ras are thus of major benefit for pancreatic cancer. Although small molecule APY606 has been successfully picked out by virtual drug screening based on Ras target receptor, its in-depth mechanism remains to be elucidated. We herein assessed the antitumor activity of APY606 against human pancreatic cancer Capan-1 and SW1990 cell lines and explored the effect of Ras-MAPK and apoptosis-related signaling pathway on the activity of APY606. APY606 treatment resulted in a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of cancer cell viability. Additionally, APY606 exhibited strong antitumor activity, as evidenced not only by reduction in tumor cell invasion, migration and mitochondrial membrane potential but also by alteration in several apoptotic indexes. Furthermore, APY606 treatment directly inhibited Ras-GTP and the downstream activation of MAPK, which resulted in the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, leading to the up-regulation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway-related proteins (Bax, cytosolic Cytochrome c and Caspase 3) and of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 and Cyclin A, E. These data suggest that impairing Ras-MAPK signaling is a novel mechanism of action for APY606 during therapeutic intervention in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zuojia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Erkang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
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Hu H, Wang C, Jin Y, Meng Q, Liu Q, Liu K, Sun H. Alpha-lipoic acid defends homocysteine-induced endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress in HAECs. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 80:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Tariq A, Majeed I, Khurshid A. Types of Cancers Prevailing in Pakistan and their Management Evaluation. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:3605-16. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.9.3605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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34
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Wang H, Li J, Chi H, Zhang F, Zhu X, Cai J, Yang X. MicroRNA-181c targets Bcl-2 and regulates mitochondrial morphology in myocardial cells. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2084-97. [PMID: 25898913 PMCID: PMC4568913 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is an important mechanism for the development of heart failure. Mitochondria are central to the execution of apoptosis in the intrinsic pathway. The main regulator of mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis is Bcl-2 family which includes pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by inhibiting mRNA translation and/or inducing mRNA degradation. It has been proposed that microRNAs play critical roles in the cardiovascular physiology and pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Our previous study has found that microRNA-181c, a miRNA expressed in the myocardial cells, plays an important role in the development of heart failure. With bioinformatics analysis, we predicted that miR-181c could target the 3' untranslated region of Bcl-2, one of the anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family. Thus, we have suggested that miR-181c was involved in regulation of Bcl-2. In this study, we investigated this hypothesis using the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System. Cultured myocardial cells were transfected with the mimic or inhibitor of miR-181c. We found that the level of miR-181c was inversely correlated with the Bcl-2 protein level and that transfection of myocardial cells with the mimic or inhibitor of miR-181c resulted in significant changes in the levels of caspases, Bcl-2 and cytochrome C in these cells. The increased level of Bcl-2 caused by the decrease in miR-181c protected mitochondrial morphology from the tumour necrosis factor alpha-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjie Chi
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinchun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Wen Q, Fan T, Bai S, Sui Y. Cytotoxicity of proparacaine to human corneal endothelial cells in vitro . J Toxicol Sci 2015; 40:427-36. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.40.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wen
- Laboratory for Corneal Tissue Engineering, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, China
| | - Tingjun Fan
- Laboratory for Corneal Tissue Engineering, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, China
| | - Suran Bai
- Laboratory for Corneal Tissue Engineering, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, China
| | - Yunlong Sui
- Laboratory for Corneal Tissue Engineering, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, China
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Kavok NS, Averchenko KA, Klochkov VK, Yefimova SL, Malyukin YV. Mitochondrial potential (ΔΨm) changes in single rat hepatocytes: the effect of orthovanadate nanoparticles doped with rare-earth elements. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2014; 37:127. [PMID: 25533054 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2014-14127-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Rare-earth-based nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used as fluorescent probes for imaging in vitro and in vivo. One of the challenges that restrain NPs applications in biomedical research is their effect on subcellular structures. In this paper, the ability of lanthanide NPs to affect the cellular oxidative balance and alter the mitochondrial function was analyzed. Since size and shape mutually affect the cellular internalization and intracellular distribution of NPs, the investigations were performed with NPs of spherical (GdYVO4:Eu(3+), spindle-(GdVO4: Eu(3+) and rod-like (LaVO4: Eu(3+) shapes. Quantitative microfluorimetry with JC-1 (5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine iodide) as a mitochondrial probe was used for monitoring of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨ m) in single living cells. Changes in the ratio of the JC-1 probe fluorescence were used to analyze the NPs effect on ΔΨ(m). The fastest suppressive effect (within 1 hour) was found for spherical NPs. Gradual lowering of ΔΨ(m) was observed at the exposure of cells within 24 hours for all types of NPs. Exogenous thiols were required for ΔΨ(m) protection. The protective role of exogenous glutathione (GSH) proves that the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation with depletion of GSH can mediate NPs toxicity. The dynamics of the shape-dependent effect can be explained by the features of NPs transportation into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya S Kavok
- Institute for Scintillation Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Lenin Ave, 61001, Kharkiv, Ukraine
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37
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Bozaykut P, Ozer NK, Karademir B. Regulation of protein turnover by heat shock proteins. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 77:195-209. [PMID: 25236750 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Protein turnover reflects the balance between synthesis and degradation of proteins, and it is a crucial process for the maintenance of the cellular protein pool. The folding of proteins, refolding of misfolded proteins, and also degradation of misfolded and damaged proteins are involved in the protein quality control (PQC) system. Correct protein folding and degradation are controlled by many different factors, one of the most important of which is the heat shock protein family. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are in the class of molecular chaperones, which may prevent the inappropriate interaction of proteins and induce correct folding. On the other hand, these proteins play significant roles in the degradation pathways, including endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and autophagy. This review focuses on the emerging role of HSPs in the regulation of protein turnover; the effects of HSPs on the degradation machineries ERAD, autophagy, and proteasome; as well as the role of posttranslational modifications in the PQC system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perinur Bozaykut
- Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Kartal Ozer
- Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Karademir
- Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Shukla S, Jadaun A, Arora V, Sinha RK, Biyani N, Jain VK. In vitro toxicity assessment of chitosan oligosaccharide coated iron oxide nanoparticles. Toxicol Rep 2014; 2:27-39. [PMID: 28962334 PMCID: PMC5598369 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (INPs) have potential biological, biomedical and environmental applications. These applications require surface modification of the iron oxide nanoparticles, which makes it non-toxic, biocompatible, stable and non-agglomerative in natural and biological surroundings. In the present study, iron oxide nanoparticles (INPs) and chitosan oligosaccharide coated iron oxide nanoparticles (CSO-INPs) were synthesized to evaluate the effect of surface coating on the stability and toxicity of nanoparticles. Comparative in vitro cytotoxicity of nanoparticles was evaluated in HeLa (human cervix carcinoma), A549 (human lung carcinoma) and Hek293 (human embryonic kidney) cells by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay along with flow cytometry study for cell viability, membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Morphological alteration in nanoparticles treated cells was analyzed by Acridine orange/ethidium bromide double staining and electron microscopy. Synthesized nanoparticles were found to be spherical in shape, well dispersed and stable at various pH values, making them suitable for biomedical and environmental applications. The present study also indicates that the chitosan oligosaccharide coating on iron oxide nanoparticles results in the decrease in cellular damage and moderate ROS production, thereby, significantly decreasing the cytotoxic impact of bare iron oxide nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeep Shukla
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Alka Jadaun
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Vikas Arora
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Raj Kumar Sinha
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Neha Biyani
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - V K Jain
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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Komatsu K, Iwase A, Mawatari M, Wang J, Yamashita M, Kikkawa F. Mitochondrial membrane potential in 2-cell stage embryos correlates with the success of preimplantation development. Reproduction 2014; 147:627-38. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hormonal stimulation in superovulation induces female mice to ovulate more oocytes than spontaneous ovulation. Because the superovulated oocytes contain a number of oocytes that normally regress before spontaneous ovulation or immature oocytes, the development of some embryos that derive from these oocytes by IVF is prevented. Therefore, the quality of superovulated oocytes should differ from that of spontaneously ovulated oocytes. In this study, we evaluated the quality of superovulated oocytes, by examining 1- and 2-cell stage embryos, in which the development mainly depends on the maternal mRNA, proteins, and mitochondria that are contained in the oocytes, and we then measured the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) of the 1- and 2-cell stage,in vivo-fertilized, and IVF embryos. The ΔΨmof 1-cell stage IVF embryos was lower than that ofin vivo-fertilized embryos; however, there was no difference between IVF embryos. During the developmental process from 1- to 2-cell stage, the ΔΨmofin vivo-fertilized embryos was highly upregulated, whereas a number of IVF embryos remained unchanged. As a result, 2-cell stage embryos were divided into two groups: high- and low- ΔΨm2-cell stage IVF embryos. The development of low-ΔΨm2-cell stage IVF embryos tended to be arrested after the 2-cell stage. These results indicated that the upregulation of ΔΨmduring the 1- to 2-cell stage was important in the development of early preimplantation embryos; there were some defects in the mitochondria of superovulated oocytes, which prevented their development.
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Barbonetti A, Vassallo MRC, Costanzo M, Battista N, Maccarrone M, Francavilla S, Francavilla F. Involvement of cannabinoid receptor-1 activation in mitochondrial depolarizing effect of lipopolysaccharide in human spermatozoa. Andrology 2014; 2:502-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2014.00210.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Barbonetti
- Andrology Unit; Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
- San Raffaele Sulmona Institute; Sulmona Italy
| | - M. R. C. Vassallo
- Andrology Unit; Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - M. Costanzo
- Andrology Unit; Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - N. Battista
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment; University of Teramo; Teramo Italy
- European Center for Brain Research/IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation; Rome Italy
| | - M. Maccarrone
- European Center for Brain Research/IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation; Rome Italy
- Center of Integrated Research; Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - S. Francavilla
- Andrology Unit; Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - F. Francavilla
- Andrology Unit; Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
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Huang CY, Chen YM, Wu CH, Tsai CM, Lee YC, Perng RP, Whang-Peng J. Circulating free mitochondrial DNA concentration and its association with erlotinib treatment in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung. Oncol Lett 2014; 7:2180-2184. [PMID: 24932312 PMCID: PMC4049713 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in circulating free DNA concentrations have been correlated with chemotherapeutic effects in solid tumors. The present study was designed to determine and compare the changes in circulating free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) concentrations prior to and following erlotinib treatment, as well as the potential prognostic value of plasma mtDNA. Patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung who were to receive erlotinib treatment were enrolled in the present study once informed consent had been obtained. Patient plasma samples were collected immediately prior to starting erlotinib treatment, on days 15 and 29 following the initiation of erlotinib treatment and also when the patient’s disease had progressed. The most common erlotinib treatment response was a partial response (PR), achieved in 26 (49.1%) of the 53 enrolled patients, followed by stable disease (SD) in 13 patients (24.5%) and progressive disease (PD) in 14 patients (26.4%). Plasma mtDNA concentrations were significantly decreased on day 15 compared with day 0 in the patients with PD (P=0.028) or in those patients without a response to erlotinib treatment (SD and PD; P=0.007). Plasma mtDNA concentrations were similar or elevated on day 15 compared with day 0 in the patients with a PR (P=0.808). The concentration of plasma mtDNA did not correlate with progression-free survival (PFS). Tumor epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status (activating mutations in 16 patients and wild-type in 14 patients) did not correlate with the concentration of plasma mtDNA (P=0.951). Plasma mtDNA levels did not correlate with the PFS of the patients when they received erlotinib treatment. The plasma mtDNA levels were decreased on day 15 in those patients who had disease progression following erlotinib treatment. These results demonstrate that plasma mtDNA is of weak clinical utility as a screening, diagnostic or prognostic tool in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Yun Huang
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C. ; Centre of Excellence Cancer Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chieh-Hung Wu
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chun-Ming Tsai
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chin Lee
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Reury-Perng Perng
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jacqueline Whang-Peng
- Centre of Excellence Cancer Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Sridharan V, Aykin-Burns N, Tripathi P, Krager KJ, Sharma SK, Moros EG, Corry PM, Nowak G, Hauer-Jensen M, Boerma M. Radiation-induced alterations in mitochondria of the rat heart. Radiat Res 2014; 181:324-34. [PMID: 24568130 PMCID: PMC4029615 DOI: 10.1667/rr13452.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy for the treatment of thoracic cancers may be associated with radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD), especially in long-term cancer survivors. Mechanisms by which radiation causes heart disease are largely unknown. To identify potential long-term contributions of mitochondria in the development of radiation-induced heart disease, we examined the time course of effects of irradiation on cardiac mitochondria. In this study, Sprague-Dawley male rats received image-guided local X irradiation of the heart with a single dose ranging from 3-21 Gy. Two weeks after irradiation, left ventricular mitochondria were isolated to assess the dose-dependency of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening in a mitochondrial swelling assay. At time points from 6 h to 9 months after a cardiac dose of 21 Gy, the following analyses were performed: left ventricular Bax and Bcl-2 protein levels; apoptosis; mitochondrial inner membrane potential and mPTP opening; mitochondrial mass and expression of mitophagy mediators Parkin and PTEN induced putative kinase-1 (PINK-1); mitochondrial respiration and protein levels of succinate dehydrogenase A (SDHA); and the 70 kDa subunit of complex II. Local heart irradiation caused a prolonged increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and induced apoptosis between 6 h and 2 weeks. The mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced until 2 weeks, and the calcium-induced mPTP opening was increased from 6 h up to 9 months. An increased mitochondrial mass together with unaltered levels of Parkin suggested that mitophagy did not occur. Lastly, we detected a significant decrease in succinate-driven state 2 respiration in isolated mitochondria from 2 weeks up to 9 months after irradiation, coinciding with reduced mitochondrial levels of succinate dehydrogenase A. Our results suggest that local heart irradiation induces long-term changes in cardiac mitochondrial membrane functions, levels of SDH and state 2 respiration. At any time after exposure to radiation, cardiac mitochondria are more prone to mPTP opening. Future studies will determine whether this makes the heart more susceptible to secondary stressors such as calcium overload or ischemia/reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayalakshmi Sridharan
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Radiation Health, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Nukhet Aykin-Burns
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Radiation Health, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Preeti Tripathi
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Radiation Health, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Kimberly J. Krager
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Radiation Health, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Sunil K. Sharma
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Eduardo G. Moros
- Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Peter M. Corry
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Grazyna Nowak
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Martin Hauer-Jensen
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Radiation Health, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Surgical Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Marjan Boerma
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Radiation Health, Little Rock, Arkansas
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43
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Yu HZ, Li YH, Wang RX, Zhou X, Yu MM, Ge Y, Zhao J, Fan TJ. Cytotoxicity of lidocaine to human corneal endothelial cells in vitro. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 114:352-9. [PMID: 24373304 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lidocaine has been reported to induce apoptosis on rabbit corneal endothelial cells. However, the apoptotic effect and exact mechanism involved in cytotoxicity of lidocaine are not well-established in human corneal endothelial (HCE) cells. In this study, we investigated the apoptosis-inducing effect of lidocaine on HCE cells in vitro. After HCE cells were treated with lidocaine at concentrations of 0.15625-10.0 g/l, the morphology and ultrastructure of the cells were observed by inverted light microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Cell viability was measured by MTT assay, and the apoptotic ratio was evaluated with flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopic counting after FITC-Annexin V/PI and AO/EB staining. DNA fragmentation was detected by electrophoresis, and the activation of caspases was evaluated by ELISA. In addition, changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were determined by JC-1 staining. Results suggest that lidocaine above 1.25 g/l reduced cellular viability and triggered apoptosis in HCE cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Diminishment of ΔΨm and the activation of caspases indicate that lidocaine-induced apoptosis was caspase dependent and may be related to mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ze Yu
- Laboratory for Corneal Tissue Engineering, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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Onishi Y, Ueha T, Kawamoto T, Hara H, Toda M, Harada R, Minoda M, Kurosaka M, Akisue T. Regulation of mitochondrial proliferation by PGC-1α induces cellular apoptosis in musculoskeletal malignancies. Sci Rep 2014; 4:3916. [PMID: 24472748 PMCID: PMC7365312 DOI: 10.1038/srep03916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of studies have reported that decreased mitochondrial numbers are linked with neoplastic transformation and/or tumor progression, including resistance to apoptosis. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) is a multi-functional transcriptional coactivator that regulates the activities of multiple nuclear receptors and transcriptional factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. In this study, we observed that the number of mitochondria in sarcoma tissues, such as osteosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma, is significantly lower than that in normal muscle tissue or benign tumors and that increasing the number of mitochondria by PGC-1α overexpression induces mitochondrial apoptosis in human sarcoma cell lines. The findings suggest that decreased mitochondrial numbers may contribute to musculoskeletal tumor progression and that regulation of mitochondrial numbers by PGC-1α could be a potent therapeutic tool for human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Onishi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ueha
- NeoChemir Inc., Sannomiya Chuo-building 4F, 4-2-20 Gokodori, Chuo-ku, Kobe 651-0087, Japan
| | - Teruya Kawamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hitomi Hara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Toda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Risa Harada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masaya Minoda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kurosaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Akisue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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Hacker C, Howell M, Bhella D, Lucocq J. Strategies for maximizing ATP supply in the microsporidian Encephalitozoon cuniculi: direct binding of mitochondria to the parasitophorous vacuole and clustering of the mitochondrial porin VDAC. Cell Microbiol 2013; 16:565-79. [PMID: 24245785 PMCID: PMC4233961 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites with extremely reduced genomes and a dependence on host-derived ATP. The microsporidium Encephalitozoon cuniculi proliferates within a membranous vacuole and we investigated how the ATP supply is optimized at the vacuole-host interface. Using spatial EM quantification (stereology), we found a single layer of mitochondria coating substantial proportions of the parasitophorous vacuole. Mitochondrial binding occurred preferentially over the vegetative 'meront' stages of the parasite, which bulged into the cytoplasm, thereby increasing the membrane surface available for mitochondrial interaction. In a broken cell system mitochondrial binding was maintained and was typified by electron dense structures (< 10 nm long) bridging between outer mitochondrial and vacuole membranes. In broken cells mitochondrial binding was sensitive to a range of protease treatments. The function of directly bound mitochondria, as measured by the membrane potential sensitive dye JC-1, was indistinguishable from other mitochondria in the cell although there was a generalized depression of the membrane potential in infected cells. Finally, quantitative immuno-EM revealed that the ATP-delivering mitochondrial porin, VDAC, was concentrated atthe mitochondria-vacuole interaction site. Thus E. cuniculi appears to maximize ATP supply by direct binding of mitochondria to the parasitophorous vacuole bringing this organelle within 0.020 microns of the growing vegetative form of the parasite. ATP-delivery is further enhanced by clustering of ATP transporting porins in those regions of the outer mitochondrial membrane lying closest to the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hacker
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife, KF16 9TF, UK
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46
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Decursin and Doxorubicin Are in Synergy for the Induction of Apoptosis via STAT3 and/or mTOR Pathways in Human Multiple Myeloma Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:506324. [PMID: 23818927 PMCID: PMC3684033 DOI: 10.1155/2013/506324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background. Combination cancer therapy is one of the attractive approaches to overcome drug resistance of cancer cells. In the present study, we investigated the synergistic effect of decursin from Angelica gigas and doxorubicin on the induction of apoptosis in three human multiple myeloma cells. Methodology/Principal Findings. Combined treatment of decursin and doxorubicin significantly exerted significant cytotoxicity compared to doxorubicin or decursin in U266, RPMI8226, and MM.1S cells. Furthermore, the combination treatment enhanced the activation of caspase-9 and -3, the cleavage of PARP, and the sub G1 population compared to either drug alone in three multiple myeloma cells. In addition, the combined treatment downregulated the phosphorylation of mTOR and its downstream S6K1 and activated the phosphorylation of ERK in three multiple myeloma cells. Furthermore, the combined treatment reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, suppressed the phosphorylation of JAK2, STAT3, and Src, activated SHP-2, and attenuated the expression of cyclind-D1 and survivin in U266 cells. Conversely, tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor pervanadate reversed STAT3 inactivation and also PARP cleavage and caspase-3 activation induced by combined treatment of doxorubicin and decursin in U266 cells. Conclusions/Significance. Overall, the combination treatment of decursin and doxorubicin can enhance apoptotic activity via mTOR and/or STAT3 signaling pathway in multiple myeloma cells.
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47
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Das S, Das J, Samadder A, Boujedaini N, Khuda-Bukhsh AR. Apigenin-induced apoptosis in A375 and A549 cells through selective action and dysfunction of mitochondria. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2013; 237:1433-48. [PMID: 23354402 DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2012.012148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We isolated apigenin (5,7,4'-trihydroxy flavone) from ethanolic extract of Lycopodium clavatum (LC) used as a homeopathic mother tincture for treatment of various diseases. We assessed the anticancer potentials of the compound using human malignant melanoma cell line A375 and a lung carcinoma cell line A549 and focussed on its putative molecular mechanism of action on apoptosis induction. We examined the cytotoxicity of apigenin in both cancer cells and normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). A375 cells were more prone to apigenin-induced apoptosis, as compared with A549 cells after 24 h of treatment, while PBMC showed little or no cytotoxicity to apigenin. We also evaluated the effects of apigenin on interaction with DNA by comparative analysis of circular dichroism spectral data and melting temperature profiles (Tm) of calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) treated with or without apigenin. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in mitochondria, super-oxide dismutase and total thiol group (GSH) activities were also analyzed. The apoptotic process involved mitochondrial pathway associated with apigenin-DNA interaction, DNA fragmentation, ROS accumulation, cytochrome c (cyt c) release and mitochondrial transmembrane potential depolarization, Bax, caspase 3, 9, PARP, up-regulation, Bcl-2 down-regulation and down-regulation of cyt c in the mitochondrial fraction. Results of mitochondrial inner membrane swelling measurements, intracellular ADP/ATP ratio and ATPase activity showed that in A549 cells, apigenin did not appear to directly target the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system but rather acted at an upstream step to activate the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. However, apigenin could directly target and impair mitochondrial function in A375 cells by breaking down their oxidative phosphorylation system. Collectively, these results suggest that apigenin exhibits anticancer potential in A375 and A549 cells that may be mediated through DNA interaction, damage and mitochondrial dysfunction either by direct or indirect action on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreemanti Das
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, India
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48
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Barbonetti A, Vassallo MRC, Di Rosa A, Leombruni Y, Felzani G, Gandini L, Lenzi A, Necozione S, Francavilla S, Francavilla F. Involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the adverse effect exerted by seminal plasma from men with spinal cord injury on sperm motility. Andrology 2013; 1:456-63. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2013.00077.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. R. C. Vassallo
- Andrology Unit; Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila; Italy
| | - A. Di Rosa
- Andrology Unit; Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila; Italy
| | - Y. Leombruni
- Andrology Unit; Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila; Italy
| | - G. Felzani
- Centre for Clinical Research; San Raffaele Sulmona; Sulmona; Italy
| | - L. Gandini
- Laboratory of Seminology and Immunology of Human Reproduction; Department of Medical Pathophysiology; University of Rome, ‘La Sapienza’; Rome; Italy
| | - A. Lenzi
- Laboratory of Seminology and Immunology of Human Reproduction; Department of Medical Pathophysiology; University of Rome, ‘La Sapienza’; Rome; Italy
| | - S. Necozione
- Epidemiology; Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila; Italy
| | - S. Francavilla
- Andrology Unit; Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila; Italy
| | - F. Francavilla
- Andrology Unit; Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila; Italy
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Sugano E, Isago H, Murayama N, Tamai M, Tomita H. Different anti-oxidant effects of thioredoxin 1 and thioredoxin 2 in retinal epithelial cells. Cell Struct Funct 2013; 38:81-8. [PMID: 23485938 DOI: 10.1247/csf.12025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) affects the retina and is the most common cause of blindness in elderly persons in developed countries. The retina is constantly subjected to oxidative stress; to avoid the effects of oxidative stress, retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells possess potent anti-oxidant systems. Disruption of these systems leads to dysfunction of RPE cells, which then accelerates the development of AMD. Here, we investigated the role of thioredoxins (TRXs), scavengers of intracellular reactive oxygen species, by assessing the effect of TRX overexpression on cell viability, morphology, NF-κB expression, and mitochondrial membrane potential, in RPE cells. TRX-overexpressing cell lines were generated by infection of an established human RPE cell line (ARPE) with adeno-associated virus vectors encoding either TRX1 or TRX2. We showed that overexpression of TRXs reduced cell death caused by 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE)-induced oxidative stress; TRX2 was more effective than TRX1 in promoting cell survival. 4-HNE caused perinuclear NF-κB accumulation, which was absent in TRX-overexpressing cells. Moreover, overexpression of TRXs prevented depolarization of mitochondrial membranes; again, TRX2 was more effective than TRX1 in maintaining the membrane potential. The difference in the protective effects of these TRXs against oxidative stress may be due to their expression profile. TRX2 was expressed in the mitochondria, while TRX1 was expressed in the cytoplasm. Thus, TRX2 may directly protect mitochondria by preventing depolarization. These results demonstrate that TRXs are potent antioxidant proteins in RPE cells and their direct effect on mitochondria may be a key to prevent oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Sugano
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Iwate University, Iwate, Japan
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50
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Goller T, Seibold UK, Kremmer E, Voos W, Kolanus W. Atad3 function is essential for early post-implantation development in the mouse. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54799. [PMID: 23372768 PMCID: PMC3556029 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial AAA+-ATPase ATAD3 is implicated in the regulation of mitochondrial and ER dynamics and was shown to be necessary for larval development in Caenorhabditis elegans. In order to elucidate the relevance of ATAD3 for mammalian development, the phenotype of an Atad3 deficient mouse line was analyzed. Atad3 deficient embryos die around embryonic day E7.5 due to growth retardation and a defective development of the trophoblast lineage immediately after implantation into the uterus. This indicates an essential function of Atad3 for the progression of the first steps of post-implantation development at a time point when mitochondrial biogenesis and ATP production by oxidative phosphorylation are required. Therefore, murine Atad3 plays an important role in the biogenesis of mitochondria in trophoblast stem cells and in differentiating trophoblasts. At the biochemical level, we report here that ATAD3 is present in five native mitochondrial protein complexes of different sizes, indicating complex roles of the protein in mitochondrial architecture and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Goller
- LIMES Institute, Program Unit Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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