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Durand M, Cabaud Gibouin V, Duplomb L, Salmi L, Caillot M, Sola B, Camus V, Jardin F, Garrido C, Jego G. A first-in-class inhibitor of HSP110 to potentiate XPO1-targeted therapy in primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:148. [PMID: 38773631 PMCID: PMC11110392 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03068-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) are distinct hematological malignancies of B-cell origin that share many biological, molecular, and clinical characteristics. In particular, the JAK/STAT signaling pathway is a driver of tumor development due to multiple recurrent mutations, particularly in STAT6. Furthermore, the XPO1 gene that encodes exportin 1 (XPO1) shows a frequent point mutation (E571K) resulting in an altered export of hundreds of cargo proteins, which may impact the success of future therapies in PMBL and cHL. Therefore, targeted therapies have been envisioned for these signaling pathways and mutations. METHODS To identify novel molecular targets that could overcome the treatment resistance that occurs in PMBL and cHL patients, we have explored the efficacy of a first-in-class HSP110 inhibitor (iHSP110-33) alone and in combination with selinexor, a XPO1 specific inhibitor, both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We show that iHSP110-33 decreased the survival of several PMBL and cHL cell lines and the size of tumor xenografts. We demonstrate that HSP110 is a cargo of XPO1wt as well as of XPO1E571K. Using immunoprecipitation, proximity ligation, thermophoresis and kinase assays, we showed that HSP110 directly interacts with STAT6 and favors its phosphorylation. The combination of iHSP110-33 and selinexor induces a synergistic reduction of STAT6 phosphorylation and of lymphoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. In biopsies from PMBL patients, we show a correlation between HSP110 and STAT6 phosphorylation levels. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that HSP110 could be proposed as a novel target in PMBL and cHL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Durand
- INSERM, UMR1231, Team HSP-Pathies Labellisée « Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer » and Labex LipSTIC, Dijon, 21000, France
- University of Burgundy, Medical Sciences Faculty, Dijon, 21078, France
| | - Vincent Cabaud Gibouin
- INSERM, UMR1231, Team HSP-Pathies Labellisée « Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer » and Labex LipSTIC, Dijon, 21000, France
- University of Burgundy, Medical Sciences Faculty, Dijon, 21078, France
| | - Laurence Duplomb
- INSERM, UMR1231, Equipe GAD, University of Burgundy, Dijon, 21078, France
| | - Leila Salmi
- INSERM, UMR1231, Team HSP-Pathies Labellisée « Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer » and Labex LipSTIC, Dijon, 21000, France
- University of Burgundy, Medical Sciences Faculty, Dijon, 21078, France
| | | | - Brigitte Sola
- INSERM, U1245, Normandy University, Caen, 14000, France
| | - Vincent Camus
- Department of Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, 76000, France
| | - Fabrice Jardin
- Department of Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, 76000, France
| | - Carmen Garrido
- INSERM, UMR1231, Team HSP-Pathies Labellisée « Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer » and Labex LipSTIC, Dijon, 21000, France
- University of Burgundy, Medical Sciences Faculty, Dijon, 21078, France
- Georges François Leclerc Cancer Centre, CGFL, Dijon, France
| | - Gaëtan Jego
- INSERM, UMR1231, Team HSP-Pathies Labellisée « Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer » and Labex LipSTIC, Dijon, 21000, France.
- University of Burgundy, Medical Sciences Faculty, Dijon, 21078, France.
- INSERM, UMR1231, Université Bourgogne, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, Dijon, 21078, France.
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2
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Kosydar S, Ansell SM. The biology of classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Semin Hematol 2024:S0037-1963(24)00059-3. [PMID: 38824068 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is distinguished by several important biological characteristics. The presence of Hodgkin Reed Sternberg (HRS) cells is a defining feature of this disease. The tumor microenvironment with relatively few HRS cells in an expansive infiltrate of immune cells is another key feature. Numerous cell-cell mediated interactions and a plethora of cytokines in the tumor microenvironment collectively work to promote HRS cell growth and survival. Aberrancy and constitutive activation of core signal transduction pathways are a hallmark trait of cHL. Genetic lesions contribute to these dysregulated pathways and evasion of the immune system through a variety of mechanisms is another notable feature of cHL. While substantial elucidation of the biology of cHL has enabled advancements in therapy, increased understanding in the future of additional mechanisms driving cHL may lead to new treatment opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen M Ansell
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
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3
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Karri U, Harasimowicz M, Carpio Tumba M, Schwartz DM. The Complexity of Being A20: From Biological Functions to Genetic Associations. J Clin Immunol 2024; 44:76. [PMID: 38451381 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-024-01681-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
A20, encoded by TNFAIP3, is a critical negative regulator of immune activation. A20 is a ubiquitin editing enzyme with multiple domains, each of which mediates or stabilizes a key ubiquitin modification. A20 targets diverse proteins that are involved in pleiotropic immunologic pathways. The complexity of A20-mediated immunomodulation is illustrated by the varied effects of A20 deletion in different cell types and disease models. Clinically, the importance of A20 is highlighted by its extensive associations with human disease. A20 germline variants are associated with a wide range of inflammatory diseases, while somatic mutations promote development of B cell lymphomas. More recently, the discovery of A20 haploinsufficiency (HA20) has provided real world evidence for the role of A20 in immune cell function. Originally described as an autosomal dominant form of Behcet's disease, HA20 is now considered a complex inborn error of immunity with a broad spectrum of immunologic and clinical phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urekha Karri
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Magdalena Harasimowicz
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Manuel Carpio Tumba
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Daniella M Schwartz
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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4
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Katsin M, Dormeshkin D, Meleshko A, Migas A, Dubovik S, Konoplya N. CAR-T Cell Therapy for Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma. Hemasphere 2023; 7:e971. [PMID: 38026793 PMCID: PMC10656097 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is a malignancy characterized by the presence of Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells within a complex tumor microenvironment (TME). Despite advances in conventional therapies, a subset of cHL patients experience relapse or refractory disease, necessitating the exploration of novel treatment strategies. Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T cell) therapy has emerged as a promising approach for the management of cHL, harnessing the power of genetically modified T cells to recognize and eliminate tumor cells. In this article, we provide an overview of the pathogenesis of cHL, highlighting the key molecular and cellular mechanisms involved. Additionally, we discuss the rationale for the development of CAR-T cell therapy in cHL, focusing on the identification of suitable targets on HRS cells (such as CD30, CD123, LMP1, and LMP2A), clonotypic lymphoma initiating B cells (CD19, CD20), and cells within the TME (CD123, CD19, CD20) for CAR-T cell design. Furthermore, we explore various strategies employed to enhance the efficacy and safety of CAR-T cell therapies in the treatment of cHL. Finally, we present an overview of the results obtained from clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapies in cHL, highlighting their potential as a promising therapeutic option. Collectively, this article provides a comprehensive review of the current understanding of cHL pathogenesis and the rationale for CAR-T cell therapy development, offering insights into the future directions of this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikalai Katsin
- Vitebsk Regional Clinical Cancer Centre, Vitebsk, Belarus
| | - Dmitri Dormeshkin
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the National academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Alexander Meleshko
- Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | - Simon Dubovik
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the National academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Natalya Konoplya
- N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Center of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
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5
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Abstract
Ubiquitination is an essential regulator of most, if not all, signalling pathways, and defects in cellular signalling are central to cancer initiation, progression and, eventually, metastasis. The attachment of ubiquitin signals by E3 ubiquitin ligases is directly opposed by the action of approximately 100 deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) in humans. Together, DUBs and E3 ligases coordinate ubiquitin signalling by providing selectivity for different substrates and/or ubiquitin signals. The balance between ubiquitination and deubiquitination is exquisitely controlled to ensure properly coordinated proteostasis and response to cellular stimuli and stressors. Not surprisingly, then, DUBs have been associated with all hallmarks of cancer. These relationships are often complex and multifaceted, highlighted by the implication of multiple DUBs in certain hallmarks and by the impact of individual DUBs on multiple cancer-associated pathways, sometimes with contrasting cancer-promoting and cancer-inhibiting activities, depending on context and tumour type. Although it is still understudied, the ever-growing knowledge of DUB function in cancer physiology will eventually identify DUBs that warrant specific inhibition or activation, both of which are now feasible. An integrated appreciation of the physiological consequences of DUB modulation in relevant cancer models will eventually lead to the identification of patient populations that will most likely benefit from DUB-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant Dewson
- Ubiquitin Signalling Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Pieter J A Eichhorn
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - David Komander
- Ubiquitin Signalling Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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6
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Roswarski JL, Longo DL. Hodgkin lymphoma: Focus on evolving treatment paradigms. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2023; 36:101510. [PMID: 38092470 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2023.101510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a highly curable B-cell malignancy of germinal center origin. Biologically it is a hematologic malignancy that is highly dependent on the immune microenvironment and utilizes immune escape through upregulation of the programmed-death ligands on the neoplastic cells. Despite being highly curable, consensus is lacking nationally and internationally about the optimal approach to management, particularly in limited-stage disease. The addition of brentuximab vedotin and checkpoint inhibitors for the management of HL has led to a rapidly changing treatment landscape. Further studies should be done to include these novel agents at all stages of disease to determine improvements in frontline cure rates and long-term toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Roswarski
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Dan L Longo
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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7
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Gomez F, Fisk B, McMichael JF, Mosior M, Foltz JA, Skidmore ZL, Duncavage EJ, Miller CA, Abel H, Li YS, Russler-Germain DA, Krysiak K, Watkins MP, Ramirez CA, Schmidt A, Martins Rodrigues F, Trani L, Khanna A, Wagner JA, Fulton RS, Fronick CC, O'Laughlin MD, Schappe T, Cashen AF, Mehta-Shah N, Kahl BS, Walker J, Bartlett NL, Griffith M, Fehniger TA, Griffith OL. Ultra-Deep Sequencing Reveals the Mutational Landscape of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:2312-2330. [PMID: 37910143 PMCID: PMC10648575 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The malignant Hodgkin and Reed Sternberg (HRS) cells of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) are scarce in affected lymph nodes, creating a challenge to detect driver somatic mutations. As an alternative to cell purification techniques, we hypothesized that ultra-deep exome sequencing would allow genomic study of HRS cells, thereby streamlining analysis and avoiding technical pitfalls. To test this, 31 cHL tumor/normal pairs were exome sequenced to approximately 1,000× median depth of coverage. An orthogonal error-corrected sequencing approach verified >95% of the discovered mutations. We identified mutations in genes novel to cHL including: CDH5 and PCDH7, novel stop gain mutations in IL4R, and a novel pattern of recurrent mutations in pathways regulating Hippo signaling. As a further application of our exome sequencing, we attempted to identify expressed somatic single-nucleotide variants (SNV) in single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) data generated from a patient in our cohort. Our snRNA analysis identified a clear cluster of cells containing a somatic SNV identified in our deep exome data. This cluster has differentially expressed genes that are consistent with genes known to be dysregulated in HRS cells (e.g., PIM1 and PIM3). The cluster also contains cells with an expanded B-cell clonotype further supporting a malignant phenotype. This study provides proof-of-principle that ultra-deep exome sequencing can be utilized to identify recurrent mutations in HRS cells and demonstrates the feasibility of snRNA-seq in the context of cHL. These studies provide the foundation for the further analysis of genomic variants in large cohorts of patients with cHL. SIGNIFICANCE Our data demonstrate the utility of ultra-deep exome sequencing in uncovering somatic variants in Hodgkin lymphoma, creating new opportunities to define the genes that are recurrently mutated in this disease. We also show for the first time the successful application of snRNA-seq in Hodgkin lymphoma and describe the expression profile of a putative cluster of HRS cells in a single patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Gomez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Bryan Fisk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Joshua F. McMichael
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew Mosior
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Jennifer A. Foltz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Zachary L. Skidmore
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Eric J. Duncavage
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Christopher A. Miller
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Haley Abel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Yi-Shan Li
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - David A. Russler-Germain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Kilannin Krysiak
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Marcus P. Watkins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Cody A. Ramirez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Alina Schmidt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Fernanda Martins Rodrigues
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Lee Trani
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Ajay Khanna
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Julia A. Wagner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Robert S. Fulton
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Catrina C. Fronick
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Michelle D. O'Laughlin
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Timothy Schappe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Amanda F. Cashen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Neha Mehta-Shah
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Brad S. Kahl
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Jason Walker
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Nancy L. Bartlett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Malachi Griffith
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Todd A. Fehniger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Obi L. Griffith
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
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8
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Gupta S, Craig JW. Classic Hodgkin lymphoma in young people. Semin Diagn Pathol 2023; 40:379-391. [PMID: 37451943 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) is a unique form of lymphoid cancer featuring a heterogeneous tumor microenvironment and a relative paucity of malignant Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells with characteristic phenotype. Younger individuals (children, adolescents and young adults) are affected as often as the elderly, producing a peculiar bimodal age-incidence profile that has generated immense interest in this disease and its origins. Decades of epidemiological investigations have documented the populations most susceptible and identified multiple risk factors that can be broadly categorized as either biological or environmental in nature. Most risk factors result in overt immunodeficiency or confer more subtle alterations to baseline health, physiology or immune function. Epstein Barr virus, however, is both a risk factor and well-established driver of lymphomagenesis in a significant subset of cases. Epigenetic changes, along with the accumulation of somatic driver mutations and cytogenetic abnormalities are required for the malignant transformation of germinal center-experienced HRS cell precursors. Chromosomal instability and the influence of endogenous mutational processes are critical in this regard, by impacting genes involved in key signaling pathways that promote the survival and proliferation of HRS cells and their escape from immune destruction. Here we review the principal features, known risk factors and lymphomagenic mechanisms relevant to newly diagnosed CHL, with an emphasis on those most applicable to young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Gupta
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, 1215 Lee Street, 3rd Floor Hospital Expansion Room 3032, PO Box 800904, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Craig
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, 1215 Lee Street, 3rd Floor Hospital Expansion Room 3032, PO Box 800904, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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9
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Singh A, Obiorah IE. Aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the pediatric and young adult population; diagnostic and molecular pearls of wisdom. Semin Diagn Pathol 2023; 40:392-400. [PMID: 37400280 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Mature non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) of the pediatric and young adults(PYA), including Burkitt lymphoma (BL), diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), high-grade B cell lymphoma (HGBCL), primary mediastinal large B cell lymphoma (PMBL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), generally have excellent prognosis compared to the adult population. BL, DLBCL and HGBCL are usually of germinal center (GCB) origin in the PYA population. PMBL neither belongs to the GCB nor the activated B cell subtype and is associated with a poorer outcome than BL or DLBCL of comparable stage. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma is the most frequent peripheral T cell lymphoma occurring in the PYA and accounts for 10-15% of childhood NHL. Most pediatric ALCL, unlike in the adult, demonstrate expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). In recent years, the understanding of the biology and molecular features of these aggressive lymphomas has increased tremendously. This has led to reclassification of newer PYA entities including Burkitt-like lymphoma with 11q aberration. In this review, we will discuss the current progress discovered in frequently encountered aggressive NHLs in the PYA, highlighting the clinical, pathologic and molecular features that aid in the diagnosis of these aggressive lymphomas. We will be updating the new concepts and terminologies used in the new classification systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Singh
- Department of Pathology , University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, United States
| | - Ifeyinwa E Obiorah
- Department of Pathology , University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, United States.
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10
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Vassilakopoulos TP, Liaskas A, Pereyra P, Panayiotidis P, Angelopoulou MK, Gallamini A. Incorporating Monoclonal Antibodies into the First-Line Treatment of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13187. [PMID: 37685994 PMCID: PMC10487754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The long-term survival of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients treated according to the current standard of care is excellent. Combined-modality schedules (ABVD plus radiotherapy) in early-stage disease, along with treatment intensity adaptation to early metabolic response assessed by PET/CT in advanced stage HL, have been the cornerstones of risk stratification and treatment decision-making, minimizing treatment-related complications while keeping efficacy. Nevertheless, a non-negligible number of patients are primary refractory or relapse after front-line treatment. Novel immunotherapeutic agents, namely Brentuximab Vedotin (BV) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI), have already shown outstanding efficacy in a relapsed/refractory setting in recent landmark studies. Several phase 2 single-arm studies suggest that the addition of these agents in the frontline setting could further improve long-term disease control permitting one to reduce the exposure to cytotoxic drugs. However, a longer follow-up is needed. At the time of this writing, the only randomized phase 3 trial so far published is the ECHELON-1, which compares 1 to 1 BV-AVD (Bleomycin is replaced by BV) with standard ABVD in untreated advanced-stage III and IV HL. The ECHELON-1 trial has proven that BV-AVD is safe and more effective both in terms of long-term disease control and overall survival. Just recently, the results of the S1826 SWOG trial demonstrated that the combination nivolumab-AVD (N-AVD) is better than BV-AVD, while preliminary results of other randomized ongoing phase 3 trials incorporating anti-PD-1 in this setting will be soon available. The aim of this review is to present the recent data regarding these novel agents in first-line treatment of HL and to highlight current and future trends which will hopefully reshape the overall management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros P. Vassilakopoulos
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.L.); (P.P.); (M.K.A.)
| | - Athanasios Liaskas
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.L.); (P.P.); (M.K.A.)
| | - Patricio Pereyra
- Department of Hematology, National Hospital Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires 1684, Argentina;
| | - Panayiotis Panayiotidis
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.L.); (P.P.); (M.K.A.)
| | - Maria K. Angelopoulou
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.L.); (P.P.); (M.K.A.)
| | - Andrea Gallamini
- Research and Clinical Innovation Department, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Center, 06100 Nice, France;
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11
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An Y, Lee C. Identification and Interpretation of eQTL and eGenes for Hodgkin Lymphoma Susceptibility. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1142. [PMID: 37372322 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed approximately 100 genomic signals associated with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL); however, their target genes and underlying mechanisms causing HL susceptibility remain unclear. In this study, transcriptome-wide analysis of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) was conducted to identify target genes associated with HL GWAS signals. A mixed model, which explains polygenic regulatory effects by the genomic covariance among individuals, was implemented to discover expression genes (eGenes) using genotype data from 462 European/African individuals. Overall, 80 eGenes were identified to be associated with 20 HL GWAS signals. Enrichment analysis identified apoptosis, immune responses, and cytoskeletal processes as functions of these eGenes. The eGene of rs27524 encodes ERAP1 that can cleave peptides attached to human leukocyte antigen in immune responses; its minor allele may help Reed-Sternberg cells to escape the immune response. The eGene of rs7745098 encodes ALDH8A1 that can oxidize the precursor of acetyl-CoA for the production of ATP; its minor allele may increase oxidization activity to evade apoptosis of pre-apoptotic germinal center B cells. Thus, these minor alleles may be genetic risk factors for HL susceptibility. Experimental studies on genetic risk factors are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of HL susceptibility and improve the accuracy of precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeeun An
- Department of Bioinformatics and Life Science, Soongsil University, 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaeyoung Lee
- Department of Bioinformatics and Life Science, Soongsil University, 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
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12
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Aoki T, Steidl C. Novel insights into Hodgkin lymphoma biology by single-cell analysis. Blood 2023; 141:1791-1801. [PMID: 36548960 PMCID: PMC10646771 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022017147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence and rapid development of single-cell technologies mark a paradigm shift in cancer research. Various technology implementations represent powerful tools to understand cellular heterogeneity, identify minor cell populations that were previously hard to detect and define, and make inferences about cell-to-cell interactions at single-cell resolution. Applied to lymphoma, recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing have broadened opportunities to delineate previously underappreciated heterogeneity of malignant cell differentiation states and presumed cell of origin, and to describe the composition and cellular subsets in the ecosystem of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Clinical deployment of an expanding armamentarium of immunotherapy options that rely on targets and immune cell interactions in the TME emphasizes the requirement for a deeper understanding of immune biology in lymphoma. In particular, classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) can serve as a study paradigm because of its unique TME, featuring infrequent tumor cells among numerous nonmalignant immune cells with significant interpatient and intrapatient variability. Synergistic to advances in single-cell sequencing, multiplexed imaging techniques have added a new dimension to describing cellular cross talk in various lymphoma entities. Here, we comprehensively review recent progress using novel single-cell technologies with an emphasis on the TME biology of CHL as an application field. The described technologies, which are applicable to peripheral blood, fresh tissues, and formalin-fixed samples, hold the promise to accelerate biomarker discovery for novel immunotherapeutic approaches and to serve as future assay platforms for biomarker-informed treatment selection, including immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Aoki
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Christian Steidl
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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13
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Melnik BC, Stadler R, Weiskirchen R, Leitzmann C, Schmitz G. Potential Pathogenic Impact of Cow’s Milk Consumption and Bovine Milk-Derived Exosomal MicroRNAs in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076102. [PMID: 37047075 PMCID: PMC10094152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence supports an association between cow’s milk consumption and the risk of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma worldwide. This narrative review intends to elucidate the potential impact of milk-related agents, predominantly milk-derived exosomes (MDEs) and their microRNAs (miRs) in lymphomagenesis. Upregulation of PI3K-AKT-mTORC1 signaling is a common feature of DLBCL. Increased expression of B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) and suppression of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (BLIMP1)/PR domain-containing protein 1 (PRDM1) are crucial pathological deviations in DLBCL. Translational evidence indicates that during the breastfeeding period, human MDE miRs support B cell proliferation via epigenetic upregulation of BCL6 (via miR-148a-3p-mediated suppression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and miR-155-5p/miR-29b-5p-mediated suppression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AICDA) and suppression of BLIMP1 (via MDE let-7-5p/miR-125b-5p-targeting of PRDM1). After weaning with the physiological termination of MDE miR signaling, the infant’s BCL6 expression and B cell proliferation declines, whereas BLIMP1-mediated B cell maturation for adequate own antibody production rises. Because human and bovine MDE miRs share identical nucleotide sequences, the consumption of pasteurized cow’s milk in adults with the continued transfer of bioactive bovine MDE miRs may de-differentiate B cells back to the neonatal “proliferation-dominated” B cell phenotype maintaining an increased BLC6/BLIMP1 ratio. Persistent milk-induced epigenetic dysregulation of BCL6 and BLIMP1 expression may thus represent a novel driving mechanism in B cell lymphomagenesis. Bovine MDEs and their miR cargo have to be considered potential pathogens that should be removed from the human food chain.
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14
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[Classification of Hodgkin lymphoma and related entities : News and open questions]. PATHOLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 44:184-192. [PMID: 36930284 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-023-01188-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Two new classifications were recently released: the 5th edition of the WHO classification of hematolymphoid tumors and the International Consensus Classification (ICC) drafted by the Clinical Advisory Committee. In the preparation of both classifications, the previously existing lymphoma categories were reevaluated according to recently obtained data on clinical, morphological, and molecular findings. In this review we summarize the current placements of classic and nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma and their relevant differential diagnoses.
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15
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Obiorah IE, Karrs J, Brown L, Wang HW, Karai LJ, Hoc-Tran T, Anh T, Xi L, Pittaluga S, Raffeld M, Jaffe ES. Overlapping Features of Primary Cutaneous Marginal Zone Lymphoproliferative Disorder and Primary Cutaneous CD4 + Small/Medium T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder : A Diagnostic Challenge Examined by Genomic Analysis. Am J Surg Pathol 2023; 47:344-353. [PMID: 36598455 PMCID: PMC9974535 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoproliferative disorder (PCMZL) and primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (CD4 + TLPD) are indolent lymphoproliferative disorders. However, cases with overlapping features can be challenging. We identified 56 CD4 + TLPD and 38 PCMZL cases from our pathology archives. Clinical, morphologic, and immunophenotypic features were reviewed. Polymerase chain reaction for immunoglobulin (IG) and T-cell receptor gamma (TRG) gene rearrangements were analyzed. Next-generation sequencing studies were performed on 26 cases with adequate material, 19 with CD4 + TLPD, and 7 with PCMZL. CD4 + TLPD presented mostly (91%) as solitary lesions, located in the head and neck area (64%), while PCMZL occurred mostly in the upper extremity (47%) and trunk (34%). Lesions were sometimes multiple (40%) and recurrences (67%) were more common. Cases of PCMZL had an increase in reactive CD3 + T cells, with frequent programmed cell death protein 1 expression, whereas cases of CD4 + TLPD often contained abundant reactive B cells. Twenty-five cases were identified as having overlapping features: 6 cases of PCMZL were clonal for both IG and TRG; 11 cases of CD4 + TLPD were clonal for IG and TRG and 6 cases of CD4 + TLPD had light chain-restricted plasma cells. By next-generation sequencing, 23 variants were detected in 15 genes, with PCMZL more likely to show alterations, most commonly affecting TNFAIP3 and FAS, altered in 5 cases. Both entities have an indolent clinical course with response to conservative therapy and management, and warrant interpretation as a lymphoproliferative disorder rather than overt lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeyinwa E Obiorah
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeremiah Karrs
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura Brown
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - Hao-Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Trinh Hoc-Tran
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thu Anh
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Liqiang Xi
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark Raffeld
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elaine S. Jaffe
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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Li Z, Mu W, Xiao M. Genetic lesions and targeted therapy in Hodgkin lymphoma. Ther Adv Hematol 2023; 14:20406207221149245. [PMID: 36654739 PMCID: PMC9841868 DOI: 10.1177/20406207221149245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma is a special type of lymphoma in which tumor cells frequently undergo multiple genetic lesions that are associated with accompanying pathway abnormalities. These pathway abnormalities are dominated by active signaling pathways, such as the JAK-STAT (Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway and the NFκB (nuclear factor kappa-B) pathway, which usually result in hyperactive survival signaling. Targeted therapies often play an important role in hematologic malignancies, such as CAR-T therapy (chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy) targeting CD19 and CD22 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, while in Hodgkin lymphoma, the main targets of targeted therapies are CD30 molecules and PD1 molecules. Drugs targeting other molecules are also under investigation. This review summarizes the actionable genetic lesions, current treatment options, clinical trials for Hodgkin lymphoma and the potential value of those genetic lesions in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Mu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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17
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Takahara T, Sakakibara A, Tsuyuki Y, Satou A, Kato S, Nakamura S. Diagnostic approach for classic Hodgkin lymphoma in small samples with an emphasis on PD-L1 expression and EBV harboring in tumor cells: a brief review from morphology to biology. J Clin Exp Hematop 2023; 63:58-64. [PMID: 37380470 PMCID: PMC10410620 DOI: 10.3960/jslrt.23003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) was first described in 1832 by Thomas Hodgkin, and is characterized by a small number of Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells in a rich inflammatory background. However, even in this modern era, due to the histological and biological overlap with CHL and other B-cell malignancies, including mediastinal grey zone lymphoma and other lymphomas accompanied by "Hodgkinoid cells", their discrimination is challenging and sometimes impossible. The complexity and ambiguity of the boundaries of CHL and its related diseases make the definition of CHL unresolved. Our group has studied the significance of PD-L1 expression and infection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the diagnosis of CHL, emphasizing their pathological role, clinical significance, and high reproducibility even in daily clinical practice. In this review, we summarize the diagnostic strategy of CHL and its histological lookalikes based on neoplastic PD-L1 expression and infection of EBV, and attempt a reappraisal of the definition of CHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishi Takahara
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ayako Sakakibara
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuta Tsuyuki
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akira Satou
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Seiichi Kato
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shigeo Nakamura
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
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18
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Tousseyn TA, King RL, Fend F, Feldman AL, Brousset P, Jaffe ES. Evolution in the definition and diagnosis of the Hodgkin lymphomas and related entities. Virchows Arch 2023; 482:207-226. [PMID: 36274093 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-022-03427-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma was the first of the lymphomas to be recognized as a specific disease entity. However, recent studies have highlighted the heterogeneity of the diseases associated with this eponym warranting clarification and refinement of diagnostic terminology. While classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) remains an essentially unchanged diagnostic entity in the 2022 International Consensus Classification of Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms (2022 ICC), nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is now renamed nodular lymphocyte predominant B cell lymphoma (NLPBL) in recognition of the distinct pathologic, biologic, and clinical differences. Fan patterns A, B, and C (sharing the presence of evident follicular structures, and retention of a B cell rich background) will be combined in "typical" or grade 1, while the other "variant" patterns, D, E, and F, are considered grade 2. T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B cell lymphoma (THRBCL) is considered part of the "variant" NLPHL continuum.The entity previously known as "B cell lymphoma, unclassifiable (BCLU), with features intermediate between diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and CHL" has been renamed "mediastinal gray zone lymphoma" (MGZL) in recognition of the importance of the thymic niche in the biology of this tumor. The diagnostic criteria for MGZL have been refined and require both a high tumor cell density and a strongly preserved B cell program.This article will describe updates on CHL, NLPBL, and MGZL in the recently published 2022 ICC and provide some useful differential diagnostic clues in cases with atypical morphology or immunophenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Tousseyn
- Department of Pathology, UZ Leuven, University Hospitals, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium. .,Translational Cell and Tissue Research Laboratory, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Rebecca L King
- Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Falko Fend
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Pierre Brousset
- Department of Pathology, IUCT-Oncopole, Labex TOUCAN, Toulouse, France
| | - Elaine S Jaffe
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Panda D, Das N, Thakral D, Gupta R. Genomic landscape of mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas - an appraisal from lymphomagenesis to drug resistance. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2022; 34:52. [PMID: 36504392 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-022-00154-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas are one of the most common hematological malignancies with a divergent clinical presentation, phenotype, and course of disease regulated by underlying genetic mechanism. MAIN BODY Genetic and molecular alterations are not only critical for lymphomagenesis but also largely responsible for differing therapeutic response in these neoplasms. In recent years, advanced molecular tools have provided a deeper understanding regarding these oncogenic drives for predicting progression as well as refractory behavior in these diseases. The prognostic models based on gene expression profiling have also been proved effective in various clinical scenarios. However, considerable overlap does exist between the genotypes of individual lymphomas and at the same time where additional molecular lesions may be associated with each entity apart from the key genetic event. Therefore, genomics is one of the cornerstones in the multimodality approach essential for classification and risk stratification of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. CONCLUSION We hereby in this review discuss the wide range of genetic aberrancies associated with tumorigenesis, immune escape, and chemoresistance in major B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devasis Panda
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, Dr. BRAIRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Nupur Das
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, Dr. BRAIRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Deepshi Thakral
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, Dr. BRAIRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ritu Gupta
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, Dr. BRAIRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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20
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Simonin M, Jardin F, Leblanc T, Latour S, Landman Parker J. An update on molecular features and therapeutic perspectives of pediatric classical Hodgkin Lymphoma. What the clinician needs to know? Eur J Med Genet 2022; 66:104672. [PMID: 36423786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) molecular biology has been radically transformed over recent years due to the advent and the spreading of the new generation sequencing approaches. These advances offer new insights about genetic predisposition to HL in children and are currently being translated into promising and more selective drugs (brentuximab and checkpoint inhibitors) offering the perspective to reduce treatment-related toxicity. Thus, as more than 90% of pediatric patients are cured after the first line treatment, a major emphasis is placed on survivorship by reducing treatment intensity, in particular, the use of radiotherapy and chemotherapy associated with long-term toxicities. The purposes of this review are to summarize the recent advances performed in the field of molecular biology of HL, in particular the promising development of liquid biopsies. We also provide an update review of immunodeficiencies associated to HL in children recently identified. Finally, we report the recent studies supporting the efficacy of new targeted therapeutics in adult and pediatric cHL (anti-CD30 and anti-PD1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Simonin
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, AP-HP, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Normal and Pathological Lymphoid Differentiation, Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INERM UMR1151, Paris, France; Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Fabrice Jardin
- Department of Hematology, Center Henri Becquerel, University of Rouen, INSERM UMR1245, Rouen, France
| | - Thierry Leblanc
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, AP-HP, Robert Debré Hospital, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Latour
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Judith Landman Parker
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, AP-HP, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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21
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Ye G, Wang J, Yang W, Li J, Ye M, Jin X. The roles of KLHL family members in human cancers. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:5105-5139. [PMID: 36504893 PMCID: PMC9729911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Kelch-like (KLHL) family members consist of three domains: bric-a-brac, tramtrack, broad complex/poxvirus and zinc finger domain, BACK domain and Kelch domain, which combine and interact with Cullin3 to form an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Research has indicated that KLHL family members ubiquitinate target substrates to regulate physiological and pathological processes, including tumorigenesis and progression. KLHL19, a member of the KLHL family, is associated with tumorigenesis and drug resistance. However, the regulation and cross talks of other KLHL family members, which also play roles in cancer, are still unclear. Our review mainly explores studies concerning the roles of other KLHL family members in tumor-related regulation to provide novel insights into KLHL family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganghui Ye
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315020, Zhejiang, P. R. China,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315020, Zhejiang, P. R. China,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Weili Yang
- Yinzhou People’s Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jinyun Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315020, Zhejiang, P. R. China,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Meng Ye
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315020, Zhejiang, P. R. China,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315020, Zhejiang, P. R. China,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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22
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Gabeeva NG, Koroleva DA, Tatarnikova SA, Smolianinova AK, Badmazhapova DS, Smirnova SY, Nikulina EE, Belyaeva AV, Gemdzhian EG, Lapin VA, Moskalets ER, Kostina IE, Mangasarova YK, Shutov SA, Biderman BV, Sudarikov AB, Obukhova TN, Kovrigina AM, Galstyan GM, Zvonkov EE. Interim results of the PML-16, PML-19 protocols for primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma therapy. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY AND TRANSFUSIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.35754/0234-5730-2022-67-3-328-350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. Primary mediastinal lymphoma (PML) is an aggressive lymphoid tumor treatment success of which is determined by induction therapy. To date, none of the standard chemotherapy regimens (CT) have demonstrated an advantage in efficacy. Intensive therapy programs are associated with high toxicity.Aim — to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of two pilot prospective treatment protocols PML-16 and PML-19 as well as the possibility of using the analysis of freely circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to assess MRD in patients with PML.Materials and methods. From January 2016 to January 2022, 34 previously untreated PML patients were included in the study; average age — 32; stage > I — in 60 %; extramediastinal lesions — in 14.7 %; bulky disease — in 73.5 % of patients. Positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET-CT) was performed; ctDNA was determined to assess the completeness of remission.Results. Eighteen patients received treatment according to the PML-16 protocol (6 courses of chemotherapy; 2 blocks of RmNHL-BFM-90 + 4 courses of R-EPOCH). After the end of therapy, all 18 patients achieved PET-negative remission. The next 16 patients received treatment according to the PML-19 protocol (4 courses of chemotherapy; 2 blocks of R-mNHL-BFM-90 + 2 courses of R-EPOCH) in combination with lenalidomide. After the end of therapy, 9 (56 %) patients achieved PET-negative remission; 7 (44 %) retained pathological activity (D4–5 points). After 3 and 6 months 15 (94 %) patients achieved normalization of metabolic activity. Considering the high frequency of false-positive results in patients with PML, a ctDNA study was performed to determine the depth of remission in 15 patients. After the end of therapy, all 15 patients had complete elimination of ctDNA. Of these, 5 (33 %) remained PET-positive at the end of treatment. During further observation, after 3–6 months, in 4 patients the level of metabolic activity decreased to physiological without the use of consolidating therapy. After the end of therapy, one patient suffered the new coronavirus infection, COVID-19. A month later, residual formation of SUVmax 14.2 remained in the mediastinum. The patient is currently under observation. With a median follow-up of 36 months (9 to 76 months) all 34 patients are in remission.Conclusion. The effectiveness of PML-16 made it possible to abandon the consolidation therapy and refuted the idea of the need for 6 courses of CT. The combination of programs based on the application of the principle of high-dose shortpulse induction of remission (R-mNHL-BFM-90) in combination with the prolonged administration of medium doses (R-EPOCH) was crucial in achieving a successful result. The inclusion of lenalidomide in the “PML-19” program made it possible to achieve complete remission in 100 % of cases after 4 courses. The possibility of using DNA analysis to assess MRD in patients with PML was shown.
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23
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Pasqualucci L, Klein U. NF-κB Mutations in Germinal Center B-Cell Lymphomas: Relation to NF-κB Function in Normal B Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102450. [PMID: 36289712 PMCID: PMC9599362 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most B cell lymphomas arise from the oncogenic transformation of B cells that have undergone the germinal center (GC) reaction of the T cell-dependent immune response, where high-affinity memory B cells and plasma cells are generated. The high proliferation of GC B cells coupled with occasional errors in the DNA-modifying processes of somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination put the cell at a risk to obtain transforming genetic aberrations, which may activate proto-oncogenes or inactivate tumour suppressor genes. Several subtypes of GC lymphomas harbor genetic mutations leading to constitutive, aberrant activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. In normal B cells, NF-κB has crucial biological roles in development and physiology. GC lymphomas highjack these activities to promote tumour-cell growth and survival. It has become increasingly clear that the separate canonical and non-canonical routes of the NF-κB pathway and the five downstream NF-κB transcription factors have distinct functions in the successive stages of GC B-cell development. These findings may have direct implications for understanding how aberrant NF-κB activation promotes the genesis of various GC lymphomas corresponding to the developmentally distinct GC B-cell subsets. The knowledge arising from these studies may be explored for the development of precision medicine approaches aimed at more effective treatments of the corresponding tumours with specific NF-κB inhibitors, thus reducing systemic toxicity. We here provide an overview on the patterns of genetic NF-κB mutations encountered in the various GC lymphomas and discuss the consequences of aberrant NF-κB activation in those malignancies as related to the biology of NF-κB in their putative normal cellular counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pasqualucci
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, The Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (U.K.)
| | - Ulf Klein
- Division of Haematology & Immunology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James’s, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (U.K.)
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Basta DW, Vong M, Beshimova A, Nakamura BN, Rusu I, Kattah MG, Shao L. A20 Restricts NOS2 Expression and Intestinal Tumorigenesis in a Mouse Model of Colitis-Associated Cancer. GASTRO HEP ADVANCES 2022; 2:96-107. [PMID: 36636264 PMCID: PMC9833806 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastha.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Colon cancer can occur sporadically or in the setting of chronic inflammation, such as in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. We previously showed that A20, a critical negative regulator of tumor necrosis factor signal transduction, could regulate sporadic colon cancer development. In this report, we investigate whether A20 also acts as a tumor suppressor in a model of colitis-associated cancer. METHODS Colitis and colitis-associated tumors were induced in wild-type and A20 intestinal epithelial cell-specific knockout (A20dIEC) mice using dextran sodium sulfate and azoxymethane. Clinicopathologic markers of inflammation were assessed in conjunction with colonic tumor burden. Gene expression analyses and immunohistochemistry were performed on colonic tissue and intestinal enteroids. Nitric oxide (NO) production and activity were assessed in whole colonic lysates and mouse embryonic fibroblasts. RESULTS A20dIEC mice develop larger tumors after treatment with dextran sodium sulfate and azoxymethane than wild-type mice. In addition to elevated markers of inflammation, A20dIEC mice have significantly enhanced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), a well-known driver of neoplasia. Enhanced iNOS expression is associated with the formation of reactive nitrogen species and DNA damage. Loss of A20 also enhances NO-dependent cell death directly. CONCLUSION Mechanistically, we propose that A20 normally restricts tumor necrosis factor-induced nuclear factor kappa B-dependent production of iNOS in intestinal epithelial cells, thereby protecting against colitis-associated tumorigenesis. We also propose that A20 plays a direct role in regulating NO-dependent cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Basta
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mandy Vong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Adolat Beshimova
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Brooke N Nakamura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Iulia Rusu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael G Kattah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ling Shao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
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Bektas S, Kaptan E. RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis reveals Maackia amurensis leukoagglutinin has antitumor activity in human anaplastic thyroid cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9257-9266. [PMID: 36057880 PMCID: PMC9441018 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07759-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Lectins are carbohydrate-binding molecules that can bind specifically to the sugar residues of glycoconjugates and are found in almost all organisms. Plant lectins subjected to many studies reported exhibiting anti-cancer activity. This study aimed to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms of Maackia amurensis leukoagglutinin II (MAL-II) treated ATCCs. Methods and results We tested the effects of MAL-II, which is isolated from Amur seeds, on cancerous features of 8505C human anaplastic thyroid cancer cells (ATCCs) on a large scale using RNA-Seq. Transcriptome analysis was performed using Illumina next-generation sequencing technology by using cDNA libraries obtained from total RNA isolates of ATCCs treated with 0.25 µM MAL-II for 24 h. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis were performed for the systematic analysis of gene functions. Moreover, we validated RNA-Seq findings using qPCR. Our results showed that many cancer-related genes such as TENM4, STIM2, SYT12, PIEZO2, ABCG1, SPNS2, ARRB1, and IRX5 were downregulated and many anticancer genes such as HSPA6, G0S2, TNFAIP3, GEM, GADD45G, RND1, SERPINB2, and IL24 were upregulated. Also, pathway enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were found to be associated with Ras, p53, and apoptosis signaling pathways, which are some important signal transduction pathways in development, proliferation, stem cell control, and carcinogenesis. Conclusion Collectively, our results show that MAL-II treatment reveals significant antitumor activity by changing the expression of many cancer-related genes and implies that MAL-II treatment might be a potential candidate molecule to inhibit the malignancy of human anaplastic thyroid cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11033-022-07759-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suna Bektas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Engin Kaptan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey.
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NFkB Pathway and Hodgkin Lymphoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092153. [PMID: 36140254 PMCID: PMC9495867 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor cells that drive classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), namely, Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells, display hallmark features that include their rareness in contrast with an extensive and rich reactive microenvironment, their loss of B-cell phenotype markers, their immune escape capacity, and the activation of several key biological pathways, including the constitutive activation of the NFkB pathway. Both canonical and alternative pathways are deregulated by genetic alterations of their components or regulators, EBV infection and interaction with the microenvironment through multiple receptors, including CD30, CD40, BAFF, RANK and BCMA. Therefore, NFkB target genes are involved in apoptosis, cell proliferation, JAK/STAT pathway activation, B-cell marker expression loss, cellular interaction and a positive NFkB feedback loop. Targeting this complex pathway directly (NIK inhibitors) or indirectly (PIM, BTK or NOTCH) remains a challenge with potential therapeutic relevance. Nodular predominant HL (NLPHL), a distinct and rare HL subtype, shows a strong NFkB activity signature because of mechanisms that differ from those observed in cHL, which is discussed in this review.
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Chromosomal abnormalities related to fever of unknown origin in a Chinese pediatric cohort and literature review. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:292. [PMID: 35897075 PMCID: PMC9327306 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02444-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fever of unknown origin (FUO) has been difficult to diagnose in pediatric clinical practice. With the gradual change in the disease spectrum, genetic factors have received increasing attention. Limited studies have shown an association between FUO and chromosomal abnormalities. In this study, we investigated the clinical and genetic characteristics of patients with FUO presenting with chromosomal abnormalities in a Chinese pediatric cohort. RESULTS Chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 5.5% (8/145) of the patients with FUO. Six patients with inflammatory fever presented with pharyngitis/amygdalitis (4/6), oral aphthous ulcer (2/6), digestive symptoms (3/6), developmental delay (4/6) and elevated C-reactive protein levels (6/6) during fever. These patients were often considered to have systemic inflammatory diseases, such as Behcet's disease or systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Trisomy 8, 7q11.23 dup, 3p26.3-p26.1 del/17q12 dup, 22q11.21 del, and 6q23.3-q24.1 del were identified in patients with inflammatory fever. The TNFAIP3 gene was included in the 6q23.3-q24.1 deletion fragment. Two patients with central fever were characterized by facial anomalies, developmental delay, seizures and no response to antipyretic drugs and were identified as carrying the de novo 18q22.3-q23 del. By performing a literature review, an additional 19 patients who had FUO and chromosomal abnormalities were identified. Trisomy 8, 6q23.2-q24.3 del and 18q22.3-q23 del were reported to present as fever, similar to the findings of our study. CONCLUSIONS We emphasized the important role of detecting chromosomal abnormalities in patients with FUO, especially in patients with systemic inflammatory manifestations or developmental delay. Identifying chromosomal abnormalities may change the diagnosis and management of patients with FUO.
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Ancos-Pintado R, Bragado-García I, Morales ML, García-Vicente R, Arroyo-Barea A, Rodríguez-García A, Martínez-López J, Linares M, Hernández-Sánchez M. High-Throughput CRISPR Screening in Hematological Neoplasms. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3612. [PMID: 35892871 PMCID: PMC9329962 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
CRISPR is becoming an indispensable tool in biological research, revolutionizing diverse fields of medical research and biotechnology. In the last few years, several CRISPR-based genome-targeting tools have been translated for the study of hematological neoplasms. However, there is a lack of reviews focused on the wide uses of this technology in hematology. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the main CRISPR-based approaches of high throughput screenings applied to this field. Here we explain several libraries and algorithms for analysis of CRISPR screens used in hematology, accompanied by the most relevant databases. Moreover, we focus on (1) the identification of novel modulator genes of drug resistance and efficacy, which could anticipate relapses in patients and (2) new therapeutic targets and synthetic lethal interactions. We also discuss the approaches to uncover novel biomarkers of malignant transformations and immune evasion mechanisms. We explain the current literature in the most common lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms using this tool. Then, we conclude with future directions, highlighting the importance of further gene candidate validation and the integration and harmonization of the data from CRISPR screening approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Ancos-Pintado
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, CIBERONC, ES 28041 Madrid, Spain; (R.A.-P.); (M.L.M.); (R.G.-V.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.-L.); (M.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ES 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.-G.); (A.A.-B.)
| | - Irene Bragado-García
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ES 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.-G.); (A.A.-B.)
| | - María Luz Morales
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, CIBERONC, ES 28041 Madrid, Spain; (R.A.-P.); (M.L.M.); (R.G.-V.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.-L.); (M.L.)
| | - Roberto García-Vicente
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, CIBERONC, ES 28041 Madrid, Spain; (R.A.-P.); (M.L.M.); (R.G.-V.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.-L.); (M.L.)
| | - Andrés Arroyo-Barea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ES 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.-G.); (A.A.-B.)
| | - Alba Rodríguez-García
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, CIBERONC, ES 28041 Madrid, Spain; (R.A.-P.); (M.L.M.); (R.G.-V.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.-L.); (M.L.)
| | - Joaquín Martínez-López
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, CIBERONC, ES 28041 Madrid, Spain; (R.A.-P.); (M.L.M.); (R.G.-V.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.-L.); (M.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Medicine School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ES 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Linares
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, CIBERONC, ES 28041 Madrid, Spain; (R.A.-P.); (M.L.M.); (R.G.-V.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.-L.); (M.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ES 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.-G.); (A.A.-B.)
| | - María Hernández-Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ES 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.-G.); (A.A.-B.)
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van Bladel DAG, Stevens WBC, van den Brand M, Kroeze LI, Groenen PJTA, van Krieken JHJM, Hebeda KM, Scheijen B. Novel Approaches in Molecular Characterization of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133222. [PMID: 35805000 PMCID: PMC9264882 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The unique tumor composition of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), with only a small fraction of malignant Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg cells within the tumor tissue, has created many challenges to characterize the genetic alterations that drive this lymphoid malignancy. Major advances in sequencing technologies and detailed analysis of circulating tumor DNA in blood samples of patients have provided important contributions to enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of cHL. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent advances in genotyping the clonal and mutational landscape of cHL. In addition, we discuss different next-generation sequencing applications to characterize tumor tissue and cell-free DNA, which are now available to improve the diagnosis of cHL, and to monitor therapeutic response or disease progression during treatment and follow up of cHL patients. Abstract Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) represents a B-cell lymphoproliferative disease characterized by clonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangements and recurrent genomic aberrations in the Hodgkin Reed–Sternberg cells in a reactive inflammatory background. Several methods are available for the molecular analysis of cHL on both tissue and cell-free DNA isolated from blood, which can provide detailed information regarding the clonal composition and genetic alterations that drive lymphoma pathogenesis. Clonality testing involving the detection of immunoglobulin and T cell receptor gene rearrangements, together with mutation analysis, represent valuable tools for cHL diagnostics, especially for patients with an atypical histological or clinical presentation reminiscent of a reactive lesion or another lymphoma subtype. In addition, clonality assessment may establish the clonal relationship of composite or subsequent lymphoma presentations within one patient. During the last few decades, more insight has been obtained on the molecular mechanisms that drive cHL development, including recurrently affected signaling pathways (e.g., NF-κB and JAK/STAT) and immune evasion. We provide an overview of the different approaches to characterize the molecular composition of cHL, and the implementation of these next-generation sequencing-based techniques in research and diagnostic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diede A. G. van Bladel
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (D.A.G.v.B.); (M.v.d.B.); (L.I.K.); (P.J.T.A.G.); (J.H.J.M.v.K.); (K.M.H.)
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wendy B. C. Stevens
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Michiel van den Brand
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (D.A.G.v.B.); (M.v.d.B.); (L.I.K.); (P.J.T.A.G.); (J.H.J.M.v.K.); (K.M.H.)
- Pathology-DNA, Rijnstate Hospital, 6815 AD Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Leonie I. Kroeze
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (D.A.G.v.B.); (M.v.d.B.); (L.I.K.); (P.J.T.A.G.); (J.H.J.M.v.K.); (K.M.H.)
| | - Patricia J. T. A. Groenen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (D.A.G.v.B.); (M.v.d.B.); (L.I.K.); (P.J.T.A.G.); (J.H.J.M.v.K.); (K.M.H.)
| | - J. Han J. M. van Krieken
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (D.A.G.v.B.); (M.v.d.B.); (L.I.K.); (P.J.T.A.G.); (J.H.J.M.v.K.); (K.M.H.)
| | - Konnie M. Hebeda
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (D.A.G.v.B.); (M.v.d.B.); (L.I.K.); (P.J.T.A.G.); (J.H.J.M.v.K.); (K.M.H.)
| | - Blanca Scheijen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (D.A.G.v.B.); (M.v.d.B.); (L.I.K.); (P.J.T.A.G.); (J.H.J.M.v.K.); (K.M.H.)
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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Hodgkin Lymphoma: Biology and Differential Diagnostic Problem. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12061507. [PMID: 35741318 PMCID: PMC9221773 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12061507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphomas (HLs) are lymphoid neoplasms that are morphologically defined as being composed of dysplastic cells, namely, Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg cells, in a reactive inflammatory background. The biological nature of HLs has long been unclear; however, our understanding of HL-related genetics and tumor microenvironment interactions is rapidly expanding. For example, cell surface overexpression of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (CD274/PD-L1) is now considered a defining feature of an HL subset, and targeting such immune checkpoint molecules is a promising therapeutic option. Still, HLs comprise multiple disease subtypes, and some HL features may overlap with its morphological mimics, posing challenging diagnostic and therapeutic problems. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in understanding the biology of HLs, and discuss approaches to differentiating HL and its mimics.
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Satou A, Takahara T, Nakamura S. An Update on the Pathology and Molecular Features of Hodgkin Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112647. [PMID: 35681627 PMCID: PMC9179292 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hodgkin lymphomas (HLs) include two main types, classic HL (CHL) and nodular lymphocyte predominant HL (NLPHL). Recent molecular findings in HLs have contributed to dramatic changes in the treatment and identification of tumor characteristics. For example, PD-1/PD-L1 blockade and brentuximab vedotin, an anti-CD30 antibody bearing a cytotoxic compound, are now widely used in patients with CHL. Biological continuity between NLPHL and T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma has been highlighted. An era of novel therapeutics for HL has begun. The aim of this paper is to review the morphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular features of CHL and NLPHL, which must be understood for the development of novel therapeutics. Abstract Hodgkin lymphomas (HLs) are lymphoid neoplasms derived from B cells and consist histologically of large neoplastic cells known as Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg cells and abundant reactive bystander cells. HLs include two main types, classic HL (CHL) and nodular lymphocyte predominant HL (NLPHL). Recent molecular analyses have revealed that an immune evasion mechanism, particularly the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, plays a key role in the development of CHL. Other highlighted key pathways in CHL are NF-κB and JAK/STAT. These advances have dramatically changed the treatment for CHL, particularly relapsed/refractory CHL. For example, PD-1 inhibitors are now widely used in relapsed/refractory CHL. Compared with CHL, NLPHL is more characterized by preserved B cell features. Overlapping morphological and molecular features between NLPHL and T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma (THRLBCL) have been reported, and biological continuity between these two entities has been highlighted. Some THRLBCLs are considered to represent progression from NLPHLs. With considerable new understanding becoming available from molecular studies in HLs, therapies and classification of HLs are continually evolving. This paper offers a summary of and update on the pathological and molecular features of HLs for a better understanding of the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Satou
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-561-62-3311; Fax: +81-561-61-3811
| | - Taishi Takahara
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan;
| | - Shigeo Nakamura
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan;
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Chen Y, Wang YL, Qiu K, Cao YQ, Zhang FJ, Zhao HB, Liu XZ. YTHDF2 promotes temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma by activation of the Akt and NF-κB signalling pathways via inhibiting EPHB3 and TNFAIP3. Clin Transl Immunology 2022; 11:e1393. [PMID: 35582627 PMCID: PMC9082891 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Temozolomide (TMZ) resistance is a key factor that restricts the therapeutic effect of glioblastoma (GBM). YTH‐domain family member 2 (YTHDF2) is highly expressed in GBM tissues, while the mechanism of YTHDF2 in TMZ resistance in GBM remains not fully elucidated. Methods The YTHDF2 expression in TMZ‐resistant tissues and cells was detected. Kaplan–Meier analysis was employed to evaluate the prognostic value of YTHDF2 in GBM. Effect of YTHDF2 in TMZ resistance in GBM was explored via corresponding experiments. RNA sequence, FISH in conjugation with fluorescent immunostaining, RNA immunoprecipitation, dual‐luciferase reporter gene and immunofluorescence were applied to investigate the mechanism of YTHDF2 that boosted TMZ resistance in GBM. Results YTHDF2 was up‐regulated in TMZ‐resistant tissues and cells, and patients with high expression of YTHDF2 showed lower survival rate than the patients with low expression of YTHDF2. The elevated YTHDF2 expression boosted TMZ resistance in GBM cells, and the decreased YTHDF2 expression enhanced TMZ sensitivity in TMZ‐resistant GBM cells. Mechanically, YTHDF2 bound to the N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) sites in the 3′UTR of EPHB3 and TNFAIP3 to decrease the mRNA stability. YTHDF2 activated the PI3K/Akt and NF‐κB signals through inhibiting expression of EPHB3 and TNFAIP3, and the inhibition of the two pathways attenuated YTHDF2‐mediated TMZ resistance. Conclusion YTHDF2 enhanced TMZ resistance in GBM by activation of the PI3K/Akt and NF‐κB signalling pathways via inhibition of EPHB3 and TNFAIP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Yan-Lan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Kai Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Yi-Qiang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming China
| | - Feng-Jiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Hai-Biao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Xian-Zhi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
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Santisteban-Espejo A, Bernal-Florindo I, Perez-Requena J, Atienza-Cuevas L, Moran-Sanchez J, Fernandez-Valle MDC, Romero-Garcia R, Garcia-Rojo M. The Need for Standardization in Next-Generation Sequencing Studies for Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12040963. [PMID: 35454013 PMCID: PMC9027849 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12040963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) constitutes a B cell-derived neoplasm defined by a scarce tumoral population, termed Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg (HRS) cells, submerged into a histologically heterogeneous microenvironment. The paucity of HRS cells has historically hampered genetic studies, rendering the identification of the recurrent genetic lesions and molecular pathways deregulated in this lymphoma difficult. The advent of high-throughput sequencing methods such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) could sensibly optimize the identification of the mutational landscape of cHL. However, there is no current consensus either in the design of panels for targeted NGS or in its most relevant clinical applications. In this work, we systematically review the current state of NGS studies of cHL, stressing the need for standardization both in the candidate genes to be analyzed and the bioinformatic pipelines. As different institutions have developed and implemented their own customized NGS-based protocols, to compare and systematically review the major findings of this ongoing research area could be of added value for centers that routinely perform diagnostic, monitoring and genotyping strategies in cHL samples. The results of this systematic review should contribute to the interdepartmental harmonization and achievement of a consensus in the current clinical applications of NGS studies of cHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Santisteban-Espejo
- Department of Pathology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cadiz, Spain; (A.S.-E.); (J.P.-R.); (L.A.-C.); (M.G.-R.)
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cadiz (INiBICA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain;
| | - Irene Bernal-Florindo
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cadiz (INiBICA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jose Perez-Requena
- Department of Pathology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cadiz, Spain; (A.S.-E.); (J.P.-R.); (L.A.-C.); (M.G.-R.)
| | - Lidia Atienza-Cuevas
- Department of Pathology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cadiz, Spain; (A.S.-E.); (J.P.-R.); (L.A.-C.); (M.G.-R.)
| | - Julia Moran-Sanchez
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain;
- Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
| | | | - Raquel Romero-Garcia
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cadiz (INiBICA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
| | - Marcial Garcia-Rojo
- Department of Pathology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cadiz, Spain; (A.S.-E.); (J.P.-R.); (L.A.-C.); (M.G.-R.)
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cadiz (INiBICA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
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The Hodgkin Lymphoma Immune Microenvironment: Turning Bad News into Good. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051360. [PMID: 35267668 PMCID: PMC8909875 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) tumor microenvironment (TME) is by far the most abundant component of tumors and is responsible for most of their biological and clinical characteristics. Recent advances in our knowledge of these networks in cellular interactions allow us to understand that the neoplastic Hodgkin and Reed Sternberg (HRS) cells, although they are in the minority, are the main architects of this dysregulated immune milieu. Here, we review the major changes that have happened in recent years: from TME as a helpless bystander, reflecting an ineffective immune response, to a dynamic tumor-promoting and immunosuppressive element. The HRS cells promote survival through interconnected intrinsic and extrinsic alterations, boosting pro-tumoral signaling pathways through genetic aberrations and autocrine growth signals, in parallel with abnormal cytokine secretion for the recruitment and selection of the best cell partners for this immunosuppressive TME. In turn, cHL is already proving to be the perfect model with which to address an immune checkpoint blockade. Preliminary data demonstrate the utility of druggable key signaling pathways in this ensemble, such as JAK-STAT, NF-κB, and others. In addition, myriad biomarkers predicting a response await validation by new in situ multiplex analytical methods, single-cell gene expression, and other techniques. Together, these components will define the functional phenotypes with which we will elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of the disease and improve the survival of patients who are refractory to conventional therapies.
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Camus V, Viennot M, Lévêque E, Viailly PJ, Tonnelet D, Veresezan EL, Drieux F, Etancelin P, Dubois S, Stamatoullas A, Tilly H, Bohers E, Jardin F. Circulating tumor DNA in primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma versus classical Hodgkin lymphoma: a retrospective study. Leuk Lymphoma 2022; 63:834-844. [PMID: 35075971 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.2010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Few data exist concerning circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) relevance in primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL). To explore this topic, we applied a 9-gene next-generation sequencing pipeline to samples from forty-four PMBL patients (median age 36.5 years). The primary endpoint was a similarity between paired biopsy/plasma mutational profiles. We detected at least one variant in 32 plasma samples (80%). The similarity between the biopsy and ctDNA genetic profiles for the 30 patients with paired mutated biopsy/plasma samples was greater than or equal to 80% in 19 patients (63.3%). We then compared PMBL ctDNA features with those of a cohort of Hodgkin lymphoma patients (n = 60). The top three mutated genes were SOCS1, TNFAIP3, and B2M in both lymphoma types. PMBL displayed more alterations in TNFAIP3 (71.9% vs. 46.3%, p = 0.029) and GNA13 (46.9% vs. 17.1%, p = 0.013) than cHL. Our 9-gene set may delineate tumor genotypes using ctDNA samples from both lymphoma types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Camus
- Department of Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France.,INSERM U1245, Centre Henri Becquerel, University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Mathieu Viennot
- INSERM U1245, Centre Henri Becquerel, University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Emilie Lévêque
- Clinical Research Unit, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | | | - David Tonnelet
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Centre Henri Becquerel and QuantIF (Litis EA4108 - FR CNRS 3638), Rouen, France
| | | | - Fanny Drieux
- Department of Pathology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | | | - Sydney Dubois
- Department of Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France.,INSERM U1245, Centre Henri Becquerel, University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Aspasia Stamatoullas
- Department of Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France.,INSERM U1245, Centre Henri Becquerel, University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Hervé Tilly
- Department of Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France.,INSERM U1245, Centre Henri Becquerel, University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Elodie Bohers
- INSERM U1245, Centre Henri Becquerel, University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Fabrice Jardin
- Department of Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France.,INSERM U1245, Centre Henri Becquerel, University of Rouen, Rouen, France
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Giefing M, Gearhart MD, Schneider M, Overbeck B, Klapper W, Hartmann S, Ustaszewski A, Weniger MA, Wiehle L, Hansmann ML, Melnick A, Béguelin W, Sundström C, Küppers R, Bardwell VJ, Siebert R. Loss of function mutations of BCOR in classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 63:1080-1090. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.2015587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Giefing
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Micah D. Gearhart
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Masonic Cancer Center and Developmental Biology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Markus Schneider
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, and Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK)
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children’s Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Birte Overbeck
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfram Klapper
- Department of Pathology, Haematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sylvia Hartmann
- Reference and Consultant Center of Lymph Node and Lymphoma Pathology at Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University of Frankfurt, Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Adam Ustaszewski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marc A. Weniger
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, and Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK)
| | - Laura Wiehle
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm and University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin-Leo Hansmann
- Reference and Consultant Center of Lymph Node and Lymphoma Pathology at Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University of Frankfurt, Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ari Melnick
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Wendy Béguelin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | | | - Ralf Küppers
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, and Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK)
| | - Vivian J. Bardwell
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Masonic Cancer Center and Developmental Biology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm and University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
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Miller RM, Perciavalle MA, Mason EF, Yelvington BJ, Reddy NM. Exploiting Tumor Necrosis Factor Aberrations in Marginal Zone Lymphoma. JCO Precis Oncol 2021; 5:569-573. [DOI: 10.1200/po.20.00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M. Miller
- Department of Oncology Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Emily F. Mason
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Bradley J. Yelvington
- Department of Oncology Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Nishitha M. Reddy
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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In-depth cell-free DNA sequencing reveals genomic landscape of Hodgkin’s lymphoma and facilitates ultrasensitive residual disease detection. MED 2021; 2:1171-1193.e11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Primary mediastinal Large B-cell Lymphoma. Blood 2021; 140:955-970. [PMID: 34496020 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is a separate entity in the WHO classification based on clinico-pathologic features and a distinct molecular signature which overlaps with nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin lymphoma (NScHL). Molecular classifiers can distinguish PMBCL from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) using RNA derived from paraffin-embedded tissue and are integral to future studies. However, given that ~5% of DLBCL can have a 'molecular' PMBCL phenotype in the absence of mediastinal involvement, clinical information will remain critical for diagnosis. Studies over the last 10-20 years have elucidated the biologic hallmarks of PMBCL which are reminiscent of cHL, including the importance of JAK-STAT and NFKB signaling pathways as well as an immune evasion phenotype through multiple converging genetic aberrations. The outcome of PMBCL has improved in the modern rituximab era, however controversies remain whether there is a single standard treatment for all patients and when to integrate radiotherapy. Regardless of the frontline therapy, refractory disease can occur in up to 10% of patients and correlates with poor outcome. With emerging data supporting high efficacy of PD1 inhibitors in PMBCL, studies are underway integrating them into the up-front setting.
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Abstract
Lymphoproliferative disorders comprise 50% to 60% of all mediastinal malignancies in both children and adults. Primary mediastinal involvement is rare (∼5%), whereas secondary mediastinal involvement by systemic disease is more common (10% to 25%). Primary mediastinal disease is defined as involvement by a lymphoproliferative disorder of mediastinal lymph nodes, the thymus, and/or extranodal mediastinal organs without evidence of systemic disease at presentation. In this review, the clinical, radiologic, histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and genetic features of some of the most characteristic mediastinal lymphoproliferative disorders are presented. The entities discussed here include: classic Hodgkin lymphoma with emphasis on nodular sclerosis and mixed cellularity types, and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, including primary mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma, mediastinal gray zone lymphoma, mediastinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, thymic marginal zone lymphoma, mediastinal plasmacytoma, T-lymphoblastic lymphoma, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Although not a malignant process, hyaline vascular Castleman disease is also discussed here as this disorder commonly involves the mediastinum. Despite multiple advances in hematopathology in recent decades, the day-to-day diagnosis of these lesions still requires a morphologic approach and a proper selection of immunohistochemical markers. For this reason, it is crucial for general pathologists to be familiar with these entities and their particular clinicoradiologic presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Pina-Oviedo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Services, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
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Lei H, Wang J, Hu J, Zhu Q, Wu Y. Deubiquitinases in hematological malignancies. Biomark Res 2021; 9:66. [PMID: 34454635 PMCID: PMC8401176 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00320-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Deubiquitinases (DUBs) are enzymes that control the stability, interactions or localization of most cellular proteins by removing their ubiquitin modification. In recent years, some DUBs, such as USP7, USP9X and USP10, have been identified as promising therapeutic targets in hematological malignancies. Importantly, some potent inhibitors targeting the oncogenic DUBs have been developed, showing promising inhibitory efficacy in preclinical models, and some have even undergone clinical trials. Different DUBs perform distinct function in diverse hematological malignancies, such as oncogenic, tumor suppressor or context-dependent effects. Therefore, exploring the biological roles of DUBs and their downstream effectors will provide new insights and therapeutic targets for the occurrence and development of hematological malignancies. We summarize the DUBs involved in different categories of hematological malignancies including leukemia, multiple myeloma and lymphoma. We also present the recent development of DUB inhibitors and their applications in hematological malignancies. Together, we demonstrate DUBs as potential therapeutic drug targets in hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Lei
- Department of Pathophysiology, International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jiacheng Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yingli Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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MYD88 L265P elicits mutation-specific ubiquitination to drive NF-κB activation and lymphomagenesis. Blood 2021; 137:1615-1627. [PMID: 33025009 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020004918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MYD88) is a critical universal adapter that transduces signaling from Toll-like and interleukin receptors to downstream nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). MYD88L265P (leucine changed to proline at position 265) is a gain-of-function mutation that occurs frequently in B-cell malignancies such as Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. In this study, E3 ligase RING finger protein family 138 (RNF138) catalyzed K63-linked nonproteolytic polyubiquitination of MYD88L265P, resulting in enhanced recruitment of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinases and elevated NF-κB activation. However, RNF138 had little effect on wild-type MYD88 (MYD88WT). With either RNF138 knockdown or mutation on MYD88 ubiquitination sites, MYD88L265P did not constitutively activate NF-κB. A20, a negative regulator of NF-κB signaling, mediated K48-linked polyubiquitination of RNF138 for proteasomal degradation. Depletion of A20 further augmented MYD88L265P-mediated NF-κB activation and lymphoma growth. Furthermore, A20 expression correlated negatively with RNF138 expression and NF-κB activation in lymphomas with MYD88L265P and in those without. Strikingly, RNF138 expression correlated positively with NF-κB activation in lymphomas with MYD88L265P, but not in those without it. Our study revealed a novel mutation-specific biochemical reaction that drives B-cell oncogenesis, providing a therapeutic opportunity for targeting oncogenic MYD88L265P, while sparing MYD88WT, which is critical to innate immunity.
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Immune Microenvironment Features and Dynamics in Hodgkin Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143634. [PMID: 34298847 PMCID: PMC8304929 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary As happens in all neoplasms, the many reciprocal interactions taking place between neoplastic cells and the other reactive cells impact the course of the disease. Hodgkin Lymphoma is an haematologic malignancy where most of the pathological tissue is indeed composed by reactive cells and few neoplastic cells. Consequently, it represents an interesting subject for the description of the neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells interaction. In this review we report and discuss the more recent findings of microenvironmental studies about this disease. Abstract Classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma (cHL) accounts for 10% of all lymphoma diagnosis. The peculiar feature of the disease is the presence of large multinucleated Reed–Sternberg and mononuclear Hodgkin cells interspersed with a reactive microenvironment (ME). Due to the production of a large number of cytokines, Hodgkin cells (HCs) and Hodgkin Reed–Sternberg cells (HRSCs) attract and favour the expansion of different immune cell populations, modifying their functional status in order to receive prosurvival stimuli and to turn off the antitumour immune response. To this purpose HRSCs shape a biological niche by organizing the spatial distribution of cells in the ME. This review will highlight the contribution of the ME in the pathogenesis and prognosis of cHL and its role as a possible therapeutic target.
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Breitenecker K, Homolya M, Luca AC, Lang V, Trenk C, Petroczi G, Mohrherr J, Horvath J, Moritsch S, Haas L, Kurnaeva M, Eferl R, Stoiber D, Moriggl R, Bilban M, Obenauf AC, Ferran C, Dome B, Laszlo V, Győrffy B, Dezso K, Moldvay J, Casanova E, Moll HP. Down-regulation of A20 promotes immune escape of lung adenocarcinomas. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabc3911. [PMID: 34233950 PMCID: PMC7611502 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abc3911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a well-known driver of lung tumorigenesis. One strategy by which tumor cells escape tight homeostatic control is by decreasing the expression of the potent anti-inflammatory protein tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3), also known as A20. We observed that tumor cell intrinsic loss of A20 markedly enhanced lung tumorigenesis and was associated with reduced CD8+ T cell-mediated immune surveillance in patients with lung cancer and in mouse models. In mice, we observed that this effect was completely dependent on increased cellular sensitivity to interferon-γ (IFN-γ) signaling by aberrant activation of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and increased downstream expression and activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1). Interrupting this autocrine feed forward loop by knocking out IFN-α/β receptor completely restored infiltration of cytotoxic T cells and rescued loss of A20 depending tumorigenesis. Downstream of STAT1, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) was highly expressed in A20 knockout lung tumors. Accordingly, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment was highly efficient in mice harboring A20-deficient lung tumors. Furthermore, an A20 loss-of-function gene expression signature positively correlated with survival of melanoma patients treated with anti-programmed cell death protein 1. Together, we have identified A20 as a master immune checkpoint regulating the TBK1-STAT1-PD-L1 axis that may be exploited to improve ICB therapy in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Breitenecker
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Homolya
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreea C Luca
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Lang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Trenk
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Petroczi
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Mohrherr
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jaqueline Horvath
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Moritsch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Haas
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, AT-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Margarita Kurnaeva
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Eferl
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dagmar Stoiber
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Division Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Microbiology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, AT-3500 Krems, Austria
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine, AT-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Bilban
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Core Facilities, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna C Obenauf
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, AT-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christiane Ferran
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and the Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Transplant Institute and the Division of Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Balazs Dome
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- 1st Department of Tumor Biology, National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, HU-1121 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology and Semmelweis University, HU-1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktoria Laszlo
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- 1st Department of Tumor Biology, National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, HU-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, and 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, HU-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, HU-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, HU-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Dezso
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, HU-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Moldvay
- 1st Department of Pulmonology, National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, HU-1121 Budapest, Hungary
- SE-NAP Brain Metastasis Research Group, 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, HU-1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emilio Casanova
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Herwig P Moll
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Deregulated miRNAs Contribute to Silencing of B-Cell Specific Transcription Factors and Activation of NF-κB in Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133131. [PMID: 34201504 PMCID: PMC8269295 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The role of transcriptionally deregulated miRNAs (microRNAs) in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is still not fully understood. To address this issue, we have performed global miRNA expression profiling of commonly used cHL cell lines and we present a complete cHL miRNome (microRNome). Within this group, we identify miRNAs recurrently deregulated in cHL cell lines, and compare them to non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines and sorted normal CD77+ germinal centre B-cells. Moreover, we show that several of the recurrently overexpressed miRNAs in cHL cell lines, and also primary microdissected HRS (Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg) cells, target known B-cell-related transcription factors and NF-κB inhibitors. These findings provide evidence that deregulated miRNAs contribute to the loss of B-cell phenotype and NF-κB activation observed in this lymphoma. Abstract A hallmark of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is the attenuation of B-cell transcription factors leading to global transcriptional reprogramming. The role of miRNAs (microRNAs) involved in this process is poorly studied. Therefore, we performed global miRNA expression profiling using RNA-seq on commonly used cHL cell lines, non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines and sorted normal CD77+ germinal centre B-cells as controls and characterized the cHL miRNome (microRNome). Among the 298 miRNAs expressed in cHL, 56 were significantly overexpressed and 23 downregulated (p < 0.05) compared to the controls. Moreover, we identified five miRNAs (hsa-miR-9-5p, hsa-miR-24-3p, hsa-miR-196a-5p, hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-155-5p) as especially important in the pathogenesis of this lymphoma. Target genes of the overexpressed miRNAs in cHL were significantly enriched (p < 0.05) in gene ontologies related to transcription factor activity. Therefore, we further focused on selected interactions with the SPI1 and ELF1 transcription factors attenuated in cHL and the NF-ĸB inhibitor TNFAIP3. We confirmed the interactions between hsa-miR-27a-5p:SPI1, hsa-miR-330-3p:ELF-1, hsa-miR-450b-5p:ELF-1 and hsa-miR-23a-3p:TNFAIP3, which suggest that overexpression of these miRNAs contributes to silencing of the respective genes. Moreover, by analyzing microdissected HRS cells, we demonstrated that these miRNAs are also overexpressed in primary tumor cells. Therefore, these miRNAs play a role in silencing the B-cell phenotype in cHL.
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Molecular Genetics in Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070593. [PMID: 34206255 PMCID: PMC8306230 DOI: 10.3390/life11070593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Global genomic studies have detected the role of genomic alterations in the pathogenesis of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated tumors. EBV oncoproteins cause a vital shift of EBV from an infectious virus to an oncogenic form during the latent and lytic phase within the lymphoid B cells and epithelial cells. This epigenetic alteration modulates the virus and host genomes and inactivates and disrupts numerous tumor suppressors and signaling pathways. Genomic profiling has played the main role in identifying EBV cancer pathogenesis and its related targeted therapies. This article reviews the role of genetic changes in EBV-associated lymphomas and carcinomas. This includes the prolific molecular genesis, key diagnostic tools, and target-specific drugs that have been in recent clinical use.
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Meng Z, Xu R, Xie L, Wu Y, He Q, Gao P, He X, Chen Q, Xie Q, Zhang J, Yang Q. A20/Nrdp1 interaction alters the inflammatory signaling profile by mediating K48- and K63-linked polyubiquitination of effectors MyD88 and TBK1. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100811. [PMID: 34023381 PMCID: PMC8233150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A20 is a potent anti-inflammatory protein that mediates both inflammation and ubiquitination in mammals, but the related mechanisms are not clear. In this study, we performed mass spectrometry (MS) screening, gene ontology (GO) analysis, and coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory cell model to identify novel A20-interacting proteins. We confirmed that the E3 ubiquitin ligase Nrdp1, also known as ring finger protein 41 (RNF41), interacted with A20 in LPS-stimulated cells. Further co-IP analysis demonstrated that when A20 was knocked out, degradation-inducing K48-linked ubiquitination of inflammatory effector MyD88 was decreased, but protein interaction-mediating K63-linked ubiquitination of another inflammatory effector TBK1 was increased. Moreover, western blot experiments showed that A20 inhibition induced an increase in levels of MyD88 and phosphorylation of downstream effector proteins as well as of TBK1 and a downstream effector, while Nrdp1 inhibition induced an increase in MyD88 but a decrease in TBK1 levels. When A20 and Nrdp1 were coinhibited, no further change in MyD88 was observed, but TBK1 levels were significantly decreased compared with those upon A20 inhibition alone. Gain- and loss-of-function analyses revealed that the ZnF4 domain of A20 is required for Nrdp1 polyubiquitination. Upon LPS stimulation, the inhibition of Nrdp1 alone increased the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α but decreased IFN-β secretion, as observed in other studies, suggesting that Nrdp1 preferentially promotes the production of IFN-β. Taken together, these results demonstrated that A20/Nrdp1 interaction is important for A20 anti-inflammation, thus revealing a novel mechanism for the anti-inflammatory effects of A20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyou Meng
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China; Department of Neurobiology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lexing Xie
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yutong Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qian He
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Pan Gao
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohui He
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Xie
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Jiqiang Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Qingwu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
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Molecular Classification and Treatment of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Primary Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 26:195-205. [PMID: 32496453 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) encompasses a group of aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas with striking genetic heterogeneity and variable clinical presentations. Among these is primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL), which has unique clinical and molecular features resembling Hodgkin lymphoma. Treatment of DLBCL is usually curative, but identifiable subsets at highest risk for treatment failure may benefit from intensified chemotherapy regimens and/or targeted agents added to frontline therapy. Recent comprehensive genomic analyses have identified distinct genetic subtypes of DLBCL with characteristic genetic drivers and signaling pathways that are targetable. Immune therapy with chimeric antigen receptor T cells and checkpoint inhibitors has revolutionized the treatment of relapsed or refractory disease, and antibody drug conjugates have weaponized otherwise intolerable cytotoxic agents. Ongoing clinical trials are further refining the specificity of these approaches in different genetic subtypes and moving them from the setting of recurrent disease to frontline treatment in high-risk patient populations.
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Shi Y, Wang X, Wang J, Wang X, Zhou H, Zhang L. The dual roles of A20 in cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 511:26-35. [PMID: 33933552 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A20 is a prototypical anti-inflammatory molecule that is linked to multiple human diseases, including cancers. The role of A20 as a tumor suppressor was first discovered in B cell lymphomas. Subsequent studies revealed the dual roles of A20 in solid cancers. This review focuses on the roles of A20 in different cancer types to demonstrate that the effects of A20 are cancer type-dependent. A20 plays antitumor roles in colorectal carcinomas and hepatocellular carcinomas, whereas A20 acts as an oncogene in breast cancers, gastric cancers and melanomas. Moreover, the roles of A20 in the setting of glioma therapy are context-dependent. The action mechanisms of A20 in different types of cancer are summarized. Additionally, the role of A20 in antitumor immunity is discussed. Furthermore, some open questions in this rapidly advancing field are proposed. Exploration of the actions and molecular mechanisms of A20 in cancer paves the way for the application of A20-targeting approaches in future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyu Shi
- Department of Immunology and Shandong Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Immunology and Shandong Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- Department of Immunology and Shandong Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Immunology and Shandong Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Huaiyu Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Shandong Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
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Zhang L, Zhou S, Zhou T, Li X, Tang J. Potential of the tumor‑derived extracellular vesicles carrying the miR‑125b‑5p target TNFAIP3 in reducing the sensitivity of diffuse large B cell lymphoma to rituximab. Int J Oncol 2021; 58:31. [PMID: 33887878 PMCID: PMC8078569 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common and aggressive form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from cancer cells are known to modify the tumor microenvironment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of miR-125b-3p carried by EVs in DLBCL in vitro and in vivo. TNFAIP3 expression in patient lesions was measured and the upstream miR that regulates TNFAIP3 was predicted using the starBase database. EVs were isolated from DLBCL cells and identified. DLBCL cells were transfected with pcDNA to overexpress TNFAIP3 or inhibit miR-125b-5p expression, incubated with EVs, and treated with rituximab to compare cell growth and TNFAIP3/CD20 expression. DLBCL model mice were administered EVs, conditioned medium, and rituximab to observe changes in tumor size, volume, and weight. TNFAIP3 was downregulated in patients with DLBCL and its levels further decreased in patients with drug-resistant DLBCL. Overexpression of TNFAIP3 in DLBCL cells enhanced the inhibitory effect of rituximab and increased CD20 expression. miR-125b-5p targeted TNFAIP3. Inhibition of miR-125b-5p enhanced the inhibitory effect of rituximab in DLBCL cells. The EV-carried miR-125b-5p reduced the sensitivity of DLBCL cells to rituximab, which was averted by overexpression of TNFAIP3. EVs reduced the sensitivity of DLBCL model mice to rituximab via the miR-125b-5p/TNFAIP3 axis. The study findings indicate that the tumor-derived EVs carrying miR-125b-5p can enter DLBCL cells and target TNFAIP3, thus reducing the sensitivity of DLBCL to rituximab, which may provide a novel therapeutic approach for DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Shixia Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Tiejun Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Junling Tang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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