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Gorantla SP, Mueller TA, Albers‐Leischner C, Rudelius M, von Bubnoff N, Duyster J. A newly identified 45-kDa JAK2 variant with an altered kinase domain structure represents a novel mode of JAK2 kinase inhibitor resistance. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:415-430. [PMID: 38104968 PMCID: PMC10850816 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine-protein kinase (janus kinase; JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling plays a pivotal role in the development of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Treatment with the potent JAK1/JAK2-specific inhibitor, ruxolitinib, significantly reduces tumor burden; however, ruxolitinib treatment does not fully eradicate the malignant clone. As the molecular basis for the disease persistence is not well understood, we set out to gain new insights by generating ruxolitinib-resistant cell lines. Surprisingly, these cells harbor a 45 kDa JAK2 variant (FERM-JAK2) consisting of the N-terminal FERM domain directly fused to the C-terminal kinase domain in 80% of sublines resistant to ruxolitinib. At the molecular level, FERM-JAK2 is able to directly bind and activate STAT5 in the absence of cytokine receptors. Furthermore, phosphorylation of activation-loop tyrosines is dispensable for FERM-JAK2-mediated STAT5 activation and cellular transformation, in contrast to JAK2-V617F. As a result, FERM-JAK2 is highly resistant to several ATP-competitive JAK2 inhibitors, whereas it is particularly sensitive to HSP90 inhibition. A murine model of FERM-JAK2 leukemogenesis showed an accelerated MPN phenotype with pronounced splenomegaly. Notably, most current protocols for the monitoring of emerging JAK variants are unable to detect FERM-JAK2, highlighting the urgent need for implementing next-generation sequencing approaches in MPN patients receiving ruxolitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivahari Prasad Gorantla
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical CenterUniversity of Schleswig‐HolsteinLübeckGermany
- Department of Internal Medicine IUniversity Medical Center FreiburgGermany
| | - Tony Andreas Mueller
- Department of Internal Medicine IUniversity Medical Center FreiburgGermany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneGermany
| | - Corinna Albers‐Leischner
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Comprehensive Cancer Center HamburgUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | | | - Nikolas von Bubnoff
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical CenterUniversity of Schleswig‐HolsteinLübeckGermany
- Department of Internal Medicine IUniversity Medical Center FreiburgGermany
| | - Justus Duyster
- Department of Internal Medicine IUniversity Medical Center FreiburgGermany
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2
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Arwood ML, Liu Y, Harkins SK, Weinstock DM, Yang L, Stevenson KE, Plana OD, Dong J, Cirka H, Jones KL, Virtanen AT, Gupta DG, Ceas A, Lawney B, Yoda A, Leahy C, Hao M, He Z, Choi HG, Wang Y, Silvennoinen O, Hubbard SR, Zhang T, Gray NS, Li LS. New scaffolds for type II JAK2 inhibitors overcome the acquired G993A resistance mutation. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:618-631.e12. [PMID: 37290440 PMCID: PMC10495080 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent JAK2 alterations are observed in myeloproliferative neoplasms, B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and other hematologic malignancies. Currently available type I JAK2 inhibitors have limited activity in these diseases. Preclinical data support the improved efficacy of type II JAK2 inhibitors, which lock the kinase in the inactive conformation. By screening small molecule libraries, we identified a lead compound with JAK2 selectivity. We highlight analogs with on-target biochemical and cellular activity and demonstrate in vivo activity using a mouse model of polycythemia vera. We present a co-crystal structure that confirms the type II binding mode of our compounds with the "DFG-out" conformation of the JAK2 activation loop. Finally, we identify a JAK2 G993A mutation that confers resistance to the type II JAK2 inhibitor CHZ868 but not to our analogs. These data provide a template for identifying novel type II kinase inhibitors and inform further development of agents targeting JAK2 that overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Arwood
- Molecular and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Shannon K Harkins
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - David M Weinstock
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kristen E Stevenson
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Olivia D Plana
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jingyun Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Haley Cirka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kristen L Jones
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Anniina T Virtanen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dikshat G Gupta
- Molecular and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Amanda Ceas
- Molecular and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Brian Lawney
- Center for Cancer Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Akinori Yoda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Catharine Leahy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mingfeng Hao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Zhixiang He
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hwan Geun Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yaning Wang
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Olli Silvennoinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stevan R Hubbard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Tinghu Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nathanael S Gray
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Loretta S Li
- Molecular and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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3
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Heat-Shock Proteins in Leukemia and Lymphoma: Multitargets for Innovative Therapeutic Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030984. [PMID: 36765939 PMCID: PMC9913431 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) are powerful chaperones that provide support for cellular functions under stress conditions but also for the homeostasis of basic cellular machinery. All cancer cells strongly rely on HSPs, as they must continuously adapt to internal but also microenvironmental stresses to survive. In solid tumors, HSPs have been described as helping to correct the folding of misfolded proteins, sustain oncogenic pathways, and prevent apoptosis. Leukemias and lymphomas also overexpress HSPs, which are frequently associated with resistance to therapy. HSPs have therefore been proposed as new therapeutic targets. Given the specific biology of hematological malignancies, it is essential to revise their role in this field, providing a more adaptable and comprehensive picture that would help design future clinical trials. To that end, this review will describe the different pathways and functions regulated by HSP27, HSP70, HSP90, and, not least, HSP110 in leukemias and lymphomas.
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Mustafa AHM, Krämer OH. Pharmacological Modulation of the Crosstalk between Aberrant Janus Kinase Signaling and Epigenetic Modifiers of the Histone Deacetylase Family to Treat Cancer. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:35-61. [PMID: 36752816 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivated Janus kinase (JAK) signaling is an appreciated drug target in human cancers. Numerous mutant JAK molecules as well as inherent and acquired drug resistance mechanisms limit the efficacy of JAK inhibitors (JAKi). There is accumulating evidence that epigenetic mechanisms control JAK-dependent signaling cascades. Like JAKs, epigenetic modifiers of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) family regulate the growth and development of cells and are often dysregulated in cancer cells. The notion that inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACi) abrogate oncogenic JAK-dependent signaling cascades illustrates an intricate crosstalk between JAKs and HDACs. Here, we summarize how structurally divergent, broad-acting as well as isoenzyme-specific HDACi, hybrid fusion pharmacophores containing JAKi and HDACi, and proteolysis targeting chimeras for JAKs inactivate the four JAK proteins JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and tyrosine kinase-2. These agents suppress aberrant JAK activity through specific transcription-dependent processes and mechanisms that alter the phosphorylation and stability of JAKs. Pharmacological inhibition of HDACs abrogates allosteric activation of JAKs, overcomes limitations of ATP-competitive type 1 and type 2 JAKi, and interacts favorably with JAKi. Since such findings were collected in cultured cells, experimental animals, and cancer patients, we condense preclinical and translational relevance. We also discuss how future research on acetylation-dependent mechanisms that regulate JAKs might allow the rational design of improved treatments for cancer patients. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Reversible lysine-ɛ-N acetylation and deacetylation cycles control phosphorylation-dependent Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling. The intricate crosstalk between these fundamental molecular mechanisms provides opportunities for pharmacological intervention strategies with modern small molecule inhibitors. This could help patients suffering from cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al-Hassan M Mustafa
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany (A.-H.M.M., O.H.K.) and Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt (A.-H.M.M.)
| | - Oliver H Krämer
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany (A.-H.M.M., O.H.K.) and Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt (A.-H.M.M.)
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Tsuzuki S, Yasuda T, Goto H, Maeda N, Akahane K, Inukai T, Yamamoto H, Karnan S, Ota A, Hyodo T, Konishi H, Hosokawa Y, Kiyoi H, Hayakawa F. BCL6 inhibition ameliorates resistance to ruxolitinib in CRLF2-rearranged acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematologica 2022; 108:394-408. [PMID: 36005560 PMCID: PMC9890033 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.280879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) is an intractable disease and most cases harbor genetic alterations that activate JAK or ABL signaling. The commonest subtype of Ph-like ALL exhibits a CRLF2 gene rearrangement that brings about JAK1/2-STAT5 pathway activation. However, JAK1/2 inhibition alone is insufficient as a treatment, so combinatorial therapies targeting multiple signals are needed. To better understand the mechanisms underlying the insufficient efficacy of JAK inhibition, we explored gene expression changes upon treatment with a JAK1/2 inhibitor (ruxolitinib) and found that elevated BCL6 expression was one such mechanism. Upregulated BCL6 suppressed the expression of TP53 along with its downstream cell cycle inhibitor p21 (CDKN2A) and pro-apoptotic molecules, such as FAS, TNFRSF10B, BID, BAX, BAK, PUMA, and NOXA, conferring cells some degree of resistance to therapy. BCL6 inhibition (with FX1) alone was able to upregulate TP53 and restore the TP53 expression that ruxolitinib had diminished. In addition, ruxolitinib and FX1 concertedly downregulated MYC. As a result, FX1 treatment alone had growth-inhibitory and apoptosis- sensitizing effects, but the combination of ruxolitinib and FX1 more potently inhibited leukemia cell growth, enhanced apoptosis sensitivity, and prolonged the survival of xenografted mice. These findings provide one mechanism for the insufficiency of JAK inhibition for the treatment of CRLF2-rearranged ALL and indicate BCL6 inhibition as a potentially helpful adjunctive therapy combined with JAK inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Tsuzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi.
| | - Takahiko Yasuda
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi
| | - Hiroaki Goto
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Kanagawa Children’s Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa
| | - Naoko Maeda
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi
| | - Koshi Akahane
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi
| | - Takeshi Inukai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi
| | - Hideyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Hematology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi
| | - Sivasundaram Karnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi
| | - Akinobu Ota
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi
| | - Toshinori Hyodo
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi
| | - Hiroyuki Konishi
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi
| | - Yoshitaka Hosokawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi
| | - Hitoshi Kiyoi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi
| | - Fumihiko Hayakawa
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Division of Cellular and Genetic Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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6
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Downes CEJ, McClure BJ, McDougal DP, Heatley SL, Bruning JB, Thomas D, Yeung DT, White DL. JAK2 Alterations in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Molecular Insights for Superior Precision Medicine Strategies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:942053. [PMID: 35903543 PMCID: PMC9315936 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.942053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric cancer, arising from immature lymphocytes that show uncontrolled proliferation and arrested differentiation. Genomic alterations affecting Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) correlate with some of the poorest outcomes within the Philadelphia-like subtype of ALL. Given the success of kinase inhibitors in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia, the discovery of activating JAK2 point mutations and JAK2 fusion genes in ALL, was a breakthrough for potential targeted therapies. However, the molecular mechanisms by which these alterations activate JAK2 and promote downstream signaling is poorly understood. Furthermore, as clinical data regarding the limitations of approved JAK inhibitors in myeloproliferative disorders matures, there is a growing awareness of the need for alternative precision medicine approaches for specific JAK2 lesions. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms behind ALL-associated JAK2 mutations and JAK2 fusion genes, known and potential causes of JAK-inhibitor resistance, and how JAK2 alterations could be targeted using alternative and novel rationally designed therapies to guide precision medicine approaches for these high-risk subtypes of ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte EJ. Downes
- Blood Cancer Program, Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Barbara J. McClure
- Blood Cancer Program, Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Daniel P. McDougal
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Susan L. Heatley
- Blood Cancer Program, Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Australian and New Zealand Children’s Oncology Group (ANZCHOG), Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - John B. Bruning
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Daniel Thomas
- Blood Cancer Program, Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David T. Yeung
- Blood Cancer Program, Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Royal Adelaide Hospital and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Deborah L. White
- Blood Cancer Program, Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Australian and New Zealand Children’s Oncology Group (ANZCHOG), Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Loscocco GG, Vannucchi AM. Role of JAK inhibitors in myeloproliferative neoplasms: current point of view and perspectives. Int J Hematol 2022; 115:626-644. [PMID: 35352288 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-022-03335-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Classic Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) include polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and myelofibrosis (MF), classified as primary (PMF), or secondary to PV or ET. All MPN, regardless of the underlying driver mutation in JAK2/CALR/MPL, are invariably associated with dysregulation of JAK/STAT pathway. The discovery of JAK2V617F point mutation prompted the development of small molecules inhibitors of JAK tyrosine kinases (JAK inhibitors-JAKi). To date, among JAKi, ruxolitinib (RUX) and fedratinib (FEDR) are approved for intermediate and high-risk MF, and RUX is also an option for high-risk PV patients inadequately controlled by or intolerant to hydroxyurea. While not yet registered, pacritinib (PAC) and momelotinib (MMB), proved to be effective particularly in thrombocytopenic and anemic MF patients, respectively. In most cases, JAKi are effective in reducing splenomegaly and alleviating disease-related symptoms. However, almost 50% lose response by three years and dose-dependent toxicities may lead to suboptimal dosing or treatment discontinuation. To date, although not being disease-modifying agents, JAKi represent the therapeutic backbone particularly in MF patient. To optimize therapeutic strategies, many trials with drug combinations of JAKi with novel molecules are ongoing. This review critically discusses the role of JAKi in the modern management of patients with MPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe G Loscocco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, CRIMM, Center of Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla, 3 pad 27B, 50134, Florence, Italy
- Doctorate School GenOMec, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro M Vannucchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, CRIMM, Center of Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla, 3 pad 27B, 50134, Florence, Italy.
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8
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Stivala S, Meyer SC. Recent Advances in Molecular Diagnostics and Targeted Therapy of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205035. [PMID: 34680185 PMCID: PMC8534234 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are clonal hematologic malignancies with dysregulated myeloid blood cell production driven by JAK2, calreticulin, and MPL gene mutations. Technological advances have revealed a heterogeneous genomic landscape with additional mutations mainly in epigenetic regulators and splicing factors, which are of diagnostic and prognostic value and may inform treatment decisions. Thus, genetic testing has become an integral part of the state-of-the-art work-up for MPN. The finding that JAK2, CALR, and MPL mutations activate JAK2 signaling has promoted the development of targeted JAK2 inhibitor therapies. However, their disease-modifying potential remains limited and investigations of additional molecular vulnerabilities in MPN are imperative to advance the development of new therapeutic options. Here, we summarize the current insights into the genetic basis of MPN, its use as diagnostic and prognostic tool in clinical settings, and recent advances in targeted therapies for MPN. Abstract Somatic mutations in JAK2, calreticulin, and MPL genes drive myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), and recent technological advances have revealed a heterogeneous genomic landscape with additional mutations in MPN. These mainly affect genes involved in epigenetic regulation and splicing and are of diagnostic and prognostic value, predicting the risk of progression and informing decisions on therapeutic management. Thus, genetic testing has become an integral part of the current state-of-the-art laboratory work-up for MPN patients and has been implemented in current guidelines for disease classification, tools for prognostic risk assessment, and recommendations for therapy. The finding that JAK2, CALR, and MPL driver mutations activate JAK2 signaling has provided a rational basis for the development of targeted JAK2 inhibitor therapies and has fueled their translation into clinical practice. However, the disease-modifying potential of JAK2 inhibitors remains limited and is further impeded by loss of therapeutic responses in a substantial proportion of patients over time. Therefore, the investigation of additional molecular vulnerabilities involved in MPN pathogenesis is imperative to advance the development of new therapeutic options. Combination of novel compounds with JAK2 inhibitors are of specific interest to enhance therapeutic efficacy of molecularly targeted treatment approaches. Here, we summarize the current insights into the genetic basis of MPN, its use as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in clinical settings, and the most recent advances in targeted therapies for MPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Stivala
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Sara C. Meyer
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland;
- Division of Hematology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-61-556-5965; Fax: +41-61-265-4568
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9
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Downes CEJ, McClure BJ, Bruning JB, Page E, Breen J, Rehn J, Yeung DT, White DL. Acquired JAK2 mutations confer resistance to JAK inhibitors in cell models of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. NPJ Precis Oncol 2021; 5:75. [PMID: 34376782 PMCID: PMC8355279 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-021-00215-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruxolitinib (rux) Phase II clinical trials are underway for the treatment of high-risk JAK2-rearranged (JAK2r) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Treatment resistance to targeted inhibitors in other settings is common; elucidating potential mechanisms of rux resistance in JAK2r B-ALL will enable development of therapeutic strategies to overcome or avert resistance. We generated a murine pro-B cell model of ATF7IP-JAK2 with acquired resistance to multiple type-I JAK inhibitors. Resistance was associated with mutations within the JAK2 ATP/rux binding site, including a JAK2 p.G993A mutation. Using in vitro models of JAK2r B-ALL, JAK2 p.G993A conferred resistance to six type-I JAK inhibitors and the type-II JAK inhibitor, CHZ-868. Using computational modeling, we postulate that JAK2 p.G993A enabled JAK2 activation in the presence of drug binding through a unique resistance mechanism that modulates the mobility of the conserved JAK2 activation loop. This study highlights the importance of monitoring mutation emergence and may inform future drug design and the development of therapeutic strategies for this high-risk patient cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E J Downes
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Barbara J McClure
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - John B Bruning
- Institute of Photonics and Advanced Sensing, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Elyse Page
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - James Breen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Rehn
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David T Yeung
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Royal Adelaide Hospital and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Deborah L White
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- Australian Genomics Health Alliance (AGHA), The Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Australian and New Zealand Children's Oncology Group (ANZCHOG), Clayton, VIC, Australia.
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10
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Ding YY, Kim H, Madden K, Loftus JP, Chen GM, Allen DH, Zhang R, Xu J, Chen CH, Hu Y, Tasian SK, Tan K. Network Analysis Reveals Synergistic Genetic Dependencies for Rational Combination Therapy in Philadelphia Chromosome-Like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:5109-5122. [PMID: 34210682 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Systems biology approaches can identify critical targets in complex cancer signaling networks to inform new therapy combinations that may overcome conventional treatment resistance. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed integrated analysis of 1,046 childhood B-ALL cases and developed a data-driven network controllability-based approach to identify synergistic key regulator targets in Philadelphia chromosome-like B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like B-ALL), a common high-risk leukemia subtype associated with hyperactive signal transduction and chemoresistance. RESULTS We identified 14 dysregulated network nodes in Ph-like ALL involved in aberrant JAK/STAT, Ras/MAPK, and apoptosis pathways and other critical processes. Genetic cotargeting of the synergistic key regulator pair STAT5B and BCL2-associated athanogene 1 (BAG1) significantly reduced leukemia cell viability in vitro. Pharmacologic inhibition with dual small molecule inhibitor therapy targeting this pair of key nodes further demonstrated enhanced antileukemia efficacy of combining the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax with the tyrosine kinase inhibitors ruxolitinib or dasatinib in vitro in human Ph-like ALL cell lines and in vivo in multiple childhood Ph-like ALL patient-derived xenograft models. Consistent with network controllability theory, co-inhibitor treatment also shifted the transcriptomic state of Ph-like ALL cells to become less like kinase-activated BCR-ABL1-rearranged (Ph+) B-ALL and more similar to prognostically favorable childhood B-ALL subtypes. CONCLUSIONS Our study represents a powerful conceptual framework for combinatorial drug discovery based on systematic interrogation of synergistic vulnerability pathways with pharmacologic inhibitor validation in preclinical human leukemia models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yang Ding
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hannah Kim
- Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kellyn Madden
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph P Loftus
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gregory M Chen
- Graduate Group in Genomics and Computational Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David Hottman Allen
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ruitao Zhang
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jason Xu
- Graduate Group in Genomics and Computational Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Chia-Hui Chen
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yuxuan Hu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sarah K Tasian
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kai Tan
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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11
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Tavakoli Shirazi P, Eadie LN, Page EC, Heatley SL, Bruning JB, White DL. Constitutive JAK/STAT signaling is the primary mechanism of resistance to JAKi in TYK2-rearranged acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Lett 2021; 512:28-37. [PMID: 33971281 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Activating TYK2-rearrangements have recently been identified and implicated in the leukemogenesis of high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (HR-ALL) cases. Pre-clinical studies indicated the JAK/TYK2 inhibitor (JAKi), cerdulatinib, as a promising therapeutic against TYK2-rearranged ALL, attenuating the constitutive JAK/STAT signaling resulting from the TYK2 fusion protein. However, following a period of clinical efficacy, JAKi resistance often occurs resulting in relapse. In this study, we modeled potential mechanisms of JAKi resistance in TYK2-rearranged ALL cells in vitro in order to recapitulate possible clinical scenarios and provide a rationale for alternative therapies. Cerdulatinib resistant B-cells, driven by the MYB-TYK2 fusion oncogene, were generated by long-term exposure to the drug. Sustained treatment of MYB-TYK2-rearranged ALL cells with cerdulatinib led to enhanced and persistent JAK/STAT signaling, co-occurring with JAK1 overexpression. Hyperactivation of JAK/STAT signaling and JAK1 overexpression was reversible as cerdulatinib withdrawal resulted in re-sensitization to the drug. Importantly, histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) therapies were efficacious against cerdulatinib-resistant cells demonstrating a potential alternative therapy for use in TYK2-rearranged B-ALL patients who have lost response to JAKi treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paniz Tavakoli Shirazi
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Laura N Eadie
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Elyse C Page
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia; Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Susan L Heatley
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - John B Bruning
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Deborah L White
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Australian Genomics Health Alliance (AGHA), Australia.
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12
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Bӧhm JW, Sia KCS, Jones C, Evans K, Mariana A, Pang I, Failes T, Zhong L, Mayoh C, Landman R, Collins R, Erickson SW, Arndt G, Raftery MJ, Wilkins MR, Norris MD, Haber M, Marshall GM, Lock RB. Combination efficacy of ruxolitinib with standard-of-care drugs in CRLF2-rearranged Ph-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2021; 35:3101-3112. [PMID: 33895784 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01248-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) is a high-risk ALL subtype with high rates of relapse and poor patient outcome. Activating mutations affecting components of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway occur in the majority of Ph-like ALL cases. The use of JAK inhibitors represents a potential treatment option for Ph-like ALL, although we and others have shown that CRLF2-rearranged Ph-like ALL responds poorly to single-agent JAK inhibitors in the preclinical setting. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify effective combination treatments against CRLF2-rearranged Ph-like ALL, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of synergy. We carried out a series of high-throughput combination drug screenings and found that ruxolitinib exerted synergy with standard-of-care drugs used in the treatment of ALL. In addition, we investigated the molecular effects of ruxolitinib on Ph-like ALL by combining mass spectrometry phosphoproteomics with gene expression analysis. Based on these findings, we conducted preclinical in vivo drug testing and demonstrated that ruxolitinib enhanced the in vivo efficacy of an induction-type regimen consisting of vincristine, dexamethasone, and L-asparaginase in 2/3 CRLF2-rearranged Ph-like ALL xenografts. Overall, our findings support evaluating the addition of ruxolitinib to conventional induction regimens for the treatment of CRLF2-rearranged Ph-like ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia W Bӧhm
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Keith C S Sia
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Connor Jones
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kathryn Evans
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anna Mariana
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ignatius Pang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tim Failes
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ling Zhong
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Greg Arndt
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark J Raftery
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Marc R Wilkins
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glenn M Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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13
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Reeves BN, Beckman JD. Novel Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Thrombosis in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2021; 16:304-313. [PMID: 33876389 DOI: 10.1007/s11899-021-00630-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Thrombosis remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in BCR/ABL negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Circulating blood cells are both increased in quantity and qualitatively abnormal in MPN, resulting in an increased thrombotic risk. Herein, we review recently elucidated mechanisms of MPN thrombosis and discuss implications of drugs currently under investigation for MPN. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies highlight that in JAK2V617F granulocytes and platelets, thrombo-inflammatory genes are upregulated. Furthermore, in JAK2V617F granulocytes, protein expression of integrin CD11b, tissue factor, and leukocyte alkaline phosphatase are all increased. Overall, myeloid cells, namely neutrophils, may contribute in several ways, such as through increased adhesion via β1 integrin binding to VCAM1, increased infiltration, and enhanced inducibility to extrude neutrophil extracellular traps. Non-myeloid inflammatory cells may also contribute via secretion of cytokines. With regard to red blood cells, number, rigidity, adhesion, and generation of microvesicles may lead to increased vascular resistance as well as increased cell-cell interactions that promote rolling and adhesion. Platelets may also contribute in a similar fashion. Lastly, the vasculature is also increasingly appreciated, as several studies have demonstrated increased endothelial expression of pro-coagulant and pro-adhesive proteins, such as von Willebrand factor or P-selectin in JAK2V617F endothelial cells. With the advent of molecular diagnostics, MPN therapeutics are advancing beyond cytoreduction. Our increased understanding of pro-inflammatory and thrombotic pathophysiology in MPN provides a rational basis for evaluation of in-development MPN therapeutics to reduce thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandi N Reeves
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Joan D Beckman
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St. SE, MMC 480, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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14
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Mshaik R, Simonet J, Georgievski A, Jamal L, Bechoua S, Ballerini P, Bellaye PS, Mlamla Z, Pais de Barros JP, Geissler A, Francin PJ, Girodon F, Garrido C, Quéré R. HSP90 inhibitor NVP-BEP800 affects stability of SRC kinases and growth of T-cell and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Blood Cancer J 2021; 11:61. [PMID: 33737511 PMCID: PMC7973815 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-021-00450-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias (T-ALL, B-ALL) are aggressive hematological malignancies characterized by an accumulation of immature T- or B-cells. Although patient outcomes have improved, novel targeted therapies are needed to reduce the intensity of chemotherapy and improve the prognosis of high-risk patients. Using cell lines, primary cells and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, we demonstrate that ALL cells viability is sensitive to NVP-BEP800, an ATP-competitive inhibitor of Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). Furthermore, we reveal that lymphocyte-specific SRC family kinases (SFK) are important clients of the HSP90 chaperone in ALL. When PDX mice are treated with NVP-BEP800, we found that there is a decrease in ALL progression. Together, these results demonstrate that the chaperoning of SFK by HSP90 is involved in the growth of ALL. These novel findings provide an alternative approach to target SRC kinases and could be used for the development of new treatment strategies for ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rony Mshaik
- UMR1231, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - John Simonet
- UMR1231, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | - Layla Jamal
- UMR1231, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Shaliha Bechoua
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques Ferdinand Cabanne, Hôpital Universitaire François Mitterrand, Dijon, France
| | - Paola Ballerini
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Simon Bellaye
- UMR1231, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Zandile Mlamla
- UMR1231, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Plateforme de Lipidomique, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Paul Pais de Barros
- UMR1231, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Plateforme de Lipidomique, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Audrey Geissler
- Plateforme d'Imagerie Cellulaire, CellImaP, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre-Jean Francin
- Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique et Moléculaire, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Hôpital Universitaire François Mitterrand, Dijon, France
| | - François Girodon
- UMR1231, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Hôpital Universitaire François Mitterrand, Dijon, France
| | - Carmen Garrido
- UMR1231, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Ronan Quéré
- UMR1231, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
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15
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Qian W, Chen K, Qin T, Xiao Y, Li J, Yue Y, Zhou C, Ma J, Duan W, Lei J, Han L, Li L, Shen X, Wu Z, Ma Q, Wang Z. The EGFR-HSF1 axis accelerates the tumorigenesis of pancreatic cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:25. [PMID: 33422093 PMCID: PMC7797143 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01823-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most malignant diseases because of its non-symptomatic tumorigenesis. We previous found heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) was critical for PDAC progression and the aim of this study was to clarified the mechanisms on early activation of HSF1 and its role in the pancreatic cancer tumorigenesis. Methods The expression and location of HSF1 on human or mice pancreatic tissues were examined by immunohistochemically staining. We mainly used pancreatic acinar cell 3-dimensional (3D) culture and a spontaneous pancreatic precancerous lesion mouse model called LSL-KrasG12D/+; Pdx1-Cre (KC) (and pancreatitis models derived from KC mice) to explore the pro-tumorigenesis mechanisms of the HSF1 in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics and molecular experiments were used to explore the underlying mechanisms between HSF1 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Results In this study, we found that pharmacological inhibition of HSF1 slowed pancreatic cancer initiation and suppressed the pancreatitis-induced formation of pancreatic precancerous lesion. Next, bioinformatics analysis revealed the closely linked between HSF1 and EGFR pathway and we also confirmed their parallel activation in pancreatic precancerous lesions. Besides, the pharmacological inhibition of EGFR suppressed the initiation of pancreatic cancer and the activation of HSF1 in vivo. Indeed, we demonstrated that the EGFR activation that mediated pancreatic cancer tumorigenesis was partly HSF1-dependent in vitro. Conclusion Hence, we concluded that the EGFR-HSF1 axis promoted the initiation of pancreatic cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-020-01823-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Tao Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yangyang Yue
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Cancan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jiguang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Wanxing Duan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jianjun Lei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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16
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Challenges and Perspectives for Therapeutic Targeting of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Hemasphere 2020; 5:e516. [PMID: 33403355 PMCID: PMC7773330 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are hematopoietic stem cell disorders with dysregulated myeloid blood cell production and propensity for transformation to acute myeloid leukemia, thrombosis, and bleeding. Acquired mutations in JAK2, MPL, and CALR converge on hyperactivation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) signaling as a central feature of MPN. Accordingly, JAK2 inhibitors have held promise for therapeutic targeting. After the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib, similar JAK2 inhibitors as fedratinib are entering clinical use. While patients benefit with reduced splenomegaly and symptoms, disease-modifying effects on MPN clone size and clonal evolution are modest. Importantly, response to ruxolitinib may be lost upon treatment suggesting the MPN clone acquires resistance. Resistance mutations, as seen with other tyrosine kinase inhibitors, have not been described in MPN patients suggesting that functional processes reactivate JAK2 signaling. Compensatory signaling, which bypasses JAK2 inhibition, and other processes contribute to intrinsic resistance of MPN cells restricting efficacy of JAK2 inhibition overall. Combinations of JAK2 inhibition with pegylated interferon-α, a well-established therapy of MPN, B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibition, and others are in clinical development with the potential to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Novel single-agent approaches targeting other molecules than JAK2 are being investigated clinically. Special focus should be placed on myelofibrosis patients with anemia and thrombocytopenia, a delicate patient population at high need for options. The extending range of new treatment approaches will increase the therapeutic options for MPN patients. This calls for concomitant improvement of our insight into MPN biology to inform tailored therapeutic strategies for individual MPN patients.
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17
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Heat Shock Proteins and PD-1/PD-L1 as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092592. [PMID: 32932806 PMCID: PMC7563255 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), which are a heterogeneous group of rare disorders that affect blood cell production in bone marrow, present many significant challenges for clinicians. Though considerable progress has been made, in particular with the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib, more effective alternative therapeutic approaches are needed. In the search for new and more efficient therapies, heat shock proteins, also known as stress proteins, and the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint axis have been found to be of great interest in hematologic malignancies. Here, we review the therapeutic potential of stress protein inhibitors in the management of patients diagnosed with MPN and summarize the accumulating evidence of the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in MPN in order to provide perspectives on future therapeutic opportunities relative to the inhibition of these targets. Abstract Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are a group of clonal disorders that affect hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. These disorders are often caused by oncogenic driver mutations associated with persistent Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling. While JAK inhibitors, such as ruxolitinib, reduce MPN-related symptoms in myelofibrosis, they do not influence the underlying cause of the disease and are not curative. Due to these limitations, there is a need for alternative therapeutic strategies and targets. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are cytoprotective stress-response chaperones involved in protein homeostasis and in many critical pathways, including inflammation. Over the last decade, several research teams have unraveled the mechanistic connection between STAT signaling and several HSPs, showing that HSPs are potential therapeutic targets for MPN. These HSPs include HSP70, HSP90 (chaperoning JAK2) and both HSP110 and HSP27, which are key factors modulating STAT3 phosphorylation status. Like the HSPs, the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway has been widely studied in cancer, but the importance of PD-L1-mediated immune escape in MPN was only recently reported. In this review, we summarize the role of HSPs and PD-1/PD-L1 signaling, the modalities of their experimental blockade, and the effect in MPN. Finally, we discuss the potential of these emerging targeted approaches in MPN therapy.
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18
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Sia KCS, Zhong L, Mayoh C, Norris MD, Haber M, Marshall GM, Raftery MJ, Lock RB. Targeting TSLP-Induced Tyrosine Kinase Signaling Pathways in CRLF2-Rearranged Ph-like ALL. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:1767-1776. [PMID: 32801162 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-1098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Philadelphia (Ph)-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is characterized by aberrant activation of signaling pathways and high risk of relapse. Approximately 50% of Ph-like ALL cases overexpress cytokine receptor-like factor 2 (CRLF2) associated with gene rearrangement. Activated by its ligand thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), CRLF2 signaling is critical for the development, proliferation, and survival of normal lymphocytes. To examine activation of tyrosine kinases regulated by TSLP/CRLF2, phosphotyrosine (P-Tyr) profiling coupled with stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) was conducted using two CRLF2-rearranged (CRLF2r) Ph-like ALL cell lines stimulated with TSLP. As a result, increased P-Tyr was detected in previously reported TSLP-activated tyrosine kinases and substrates, including JAK1, JAK2, STAT5, and ERK1/2. Interestingly, TSLP also increased P-Tyr of insulin growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), both of which can be targeted with small-molecule inhibitors. Fixed-ratio combination cytotoxicity assays using the tyrosine kinase inhibitors BMS-754807 and ponatinib that target IGF1R and FGFR1, respectively, revealed strong synergy against both cell line and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of CRLF2r Ph-like ALL. Further analyses also indicated off-target effects of ponatinib in the synergy, and novel association of the Ras-associated protein-1 (Rap1) signaling pathway with TSLP signaling in CRLF2r Ph-like ALL. When tested in vivo, the BMS-754807/ponatinib combination exerted minimal efficacy against 2 Ph-like ALL PDXs, associated with low achievable plasma drug concentrations. Although this study identified potential new targets in CRLF2r Ph-like ALL, it also highlights that in vivo validation of synergistic drug interactions is essential. IMPLICATION: Quantitative phosphotyrosine profiling identified potential therapeutic targets for high-risk CRLF2-rearranged Ph-like ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith C S Sia
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ling Zhong
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Glenn M Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Mark J Raftery
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia. .,UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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19
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Sun D, Stopka-Farooqui U, Barry S, Aksoy E, Parsonage G, Vossenkämper A, Capasso M, Wan X, Norris S, Marshall JL, Clear A, Gribben J, MacDonald TT, Buckley CD, Korbonits M, Haworth O. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Interacting Protein Maintains Germinal Center B Cells through Suppression of BCL6 Degradation. Cell Rep 2020; 27:1461-1471.e4. [PMID: 31042473 PMCID: PMC6506688 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
B cell lymphoma-6 (BCL6) is highly expressed in germinal center B cells, but how its expression is maintained is still not completely clear. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein (AIP) is a co-chaperone of heat shock protein 90. Deletion of Aip in B cells decreased BCL6 expression, reducing germinal center B cells and diminishing adaptive immune responses. AIP was required for optimal AKT signaling in response to B cell receptor stimulation, and AIP protected BCL6 from ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation by the E3-ubiquitin ligase FBXO11 by binding to the deubiquitinase UCHL1, thus helping to maintain the expression of BCL6. AIP was highly expressed in primary diffuse large B cell lymphomas compared to healthy tissue and other tumors. Our findings describe AIP as a positive regulator of BCL6 expression with implications for the pathobiology of diffuse large B cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijue Sun
- Center of Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Urszula Stopka-Farooqui
- Center of Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sayka Barry
- Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Ezra Aksoy
- Center of Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Gregory Parsonage
- Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Anna Vossenkämper
- Center for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Melania Capasso
- Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Xinyu Wan
- Center of Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sherine Norris
- Center of Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jennifer L Marshall
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Andrew Clear
- Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - John Gribben
- Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Thomas T MacDonald
- Center for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Christopher D Buckley
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Márta Korbonits
- Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Oliver Haworth
- Center of Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; Department of Biological Sciences, Westminster University, London W1W 6UW, UK.
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20
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Hurtz C, Wertheim GB, Loftus JP, Blumenthal D, Lehman A, Li Y, Bagashev A, Manning B, Cummins KD, Burkhardt JK, Perl AE, Carroll M, Tasian SK. Oncogene-independent BCR-like signaling adaptation confers drug resistance in Ph-like ALL. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:3637-3653. [PMID: 32191635 PMCID: PMC7324172 DOI: 10.1172/jci134424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Children and adults with Philadelphia chromosome-like B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like B-ALL) experience high relapse rates despite best-available conventional chemotherapy. Ph-like ALL is driven by genetic alterations that activate constitutive cytokine receptor and kinase signaling, and early-phase trials are investigating the potential of the addition of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to chemotherapy to improve clinical outcomes. However, preclinical studies have shown that JAK or PI3K pathway inhibition is insufficient to eradicate the most common cytokine receptor-like factor 2-rearranged (CRLF2-rearranged) Ph-like ALL subset. We thus sought to define additional essential signaling pathways required in Ph-like leukemogenesis for improved therapeutic targeting. Herein, we describe an adaptive signaling plasticity of CRLF2-rearranged Ph-like ALL following selective TKI pressure, which occurs in the absence of genetic mutations. Interestingly, we observed that Ph-like ALL cells have activated SRC, ERK, and PI3K signaling consistent with activated B cell receptor (BCR) signaling, although they do not express cell surface μ-heavy chain (μHC). Combinatorial targeting of JAK/STAT, PI3K, and "BCR-like" signaling with multiple TKIs and/or dexamethasone prevented this signaling plasticity and induced complete cell death, demonstrating a more optimal and clinically pragmatic therapeutic strategy for CRLF2-rearranged Ph-like ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hurtz
- Division of Hematology and Oncology and
- Abramson Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Gerald B. Wertheim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Hematopathology
| | - Joseph P. Loftus
- Division of Oncology, and
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel Blumenthal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Hematopathology
| | - Anne Lehman
- Division of Hematology and Oncology and
- Abramson Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Yong Li
- Division of Oncology, and
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Asen Bagashev
- Division of Oncology, and
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bryan Manning
- Division of Hematology and Oncology and
- Abramson Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Katherine D. Cummins
- Division of Hematology and Oncology and
- Abramson Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, and
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies
| | - Janis K. Burkhardt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Hematopathology
| | - Alexander E. Perl
- Division of Hematology and Oncology and
- Abramson Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Martin Carroll
- Division of Hematology and Oncology and
- Abramson Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Sarah K. Tasian
- Division of Oncology, and
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, and
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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21
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Jego G, Hermetet F, Girodon F, Garrido C. Chaperoning STAT3/5 by Heat Shock Proteins: Interest of Their Targeting in Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:cancers12010021. [PMID: 31861612 PMCID: PMC7017265 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
While cells from multicellular organisms are dependent upon exogenous signals for their survival, growth, and proliferation, commitment to a specific cell fate requires the correct folding and maturation of proteins, as well as the degradation of misfolded or aggregated proteins within the cell. This general control of protein quality involves the expression and the activity of molecular chaperones such as heat shock proteins (HSPs). HSPs, through their interaction with the STAT3/STAT5 transcription factor pathway, can be crucial both for the tumorigenic properties of cancer cells (cell proliferation, survival) and for the microenvironmental immune cell compartment (differentiation, activation, cytokine secretion) that contributes to immunosuppression, which, in turn, potentially promotes tumor progression. Understanding the contribution of chaperones such as HSP27, HSP70, HSP90, and HSP110 to the STAT3/5 signaling pathway has raised the possibility of targeting such HSPs to specifically restrain STAT3/5 oncogenic functions. In this review, we present how HSPs control STAT3 and STAT5 activation, and vice versa, how the STAT signaling pathways modulate HSP expression. We also discuss whether targeting HSPs is a valid therapeutic option and which HSP would be the best candidate for such a strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Jego
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, team HSP-Pathies, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France; (F.H.); (F.G.)
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (G.J.); Tel.: +33-3-8039-3345 (G.J.); Fax: +33-3-8039-3434 (C.G. & G.J.)
| | - François Hermetet
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, team HSP-Pathies, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France; (F.H.); (F.G.)
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - François Girodon
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, team HSP-Pathies, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France; (F.H.); (F.G.)
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
- Haematology laboratory, Dijon University Hospital, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Carmen Garrido
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, team HSP-Pathies, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France; (F.H.); (F.G.)
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
- Centre Georges François Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (G.J.); Tel.: +33-3-8039-3345 (G.J.); Fax: +33-3-8039-3434 (C.G. & G.J.)
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22
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SOHO State of the Art Updates and Next Questions: Myelofibrosis. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2019; 19:191-199. [PMID: 30987952 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of a mutation in the Janus Kinase 2 gene in 2005 spurred significant progress in the field of myeloproliferative neoplasms. A comprehensive description of genomic factors at play in the malignant clone in myeloproliferative neoplasms, particularly myelofibrosis (MF), have recently led to more precise, personalized prognostic tools. Despite this, understanding of the disease pathogenesis remains relatively limited. We continue to lack a detailed description of the interaction between the hematopoietic stem cell clone, abnormal bone marrow niche cells, and circulating signaling molecules and an understanding of how they cooperate to promote cell proliferation, fibrogenesis, and extramedullary hematopoiesis. Despite our knowledge gaps, recent research in MF has led to promising clinical translation. In this article, we summarize recent insights into MF pathophysiology, progress in the development of novel therapeutics, and opportunities for further advancement of the field.
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23
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Zia S, Shahid R. Mutagenic players in ALL progression and their associated signaling pathways. Cancer Genet 2019; 233-234:7-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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24
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Jacobsen ED, Weinstock DM. Challenges and implications of genomics for T-cell lymphomas. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2018; 2018:63-68. [PMID: 30504292 PMCID: PMC6246015 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2018.1.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Treatment outcomes for patients with peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) and advanced-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) remain poor. The past few years have witnessed an explosion in our understanding of the genetics of these diverse malignancies. Many subtypes harbor highly recurrent mutations, including single-nucleotide variants, insertions/deletions, and chromosomal rearrangements, that affect T-cell receptor signaling, costimulatory molecules, JAK/STAT and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathways, transcription factors, and epigenetic modifiers. An important subset of these mutations is included within commercially available, multigene panels and, in rare circumstances, indicate therapeutic targets. However, current preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that only a minority of mutations identified in TCLs indicate biologic dependence. With a few exceptions that we highlight, mutations identified in TCLs should not be routinely used to select targeted therapies outside of a clinical trial. Participation in trials and publication of both positive and negative results remain the most important mechanisms for improving patient outcomes.
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MESH Headings
- Genomics/methods
- Humans
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/genetics
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/metabolism
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/therapy
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D. Jacobsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
| | - David M. Weinstock
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
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25
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Pacilli A, Rotunno G, Mannarelli C, Fanelli T, Pancrazzi A, Contini E, Mannelli F, Gesullo F, Bartalucci N, Fattori GC, Paoli C, Vannucchi AM, Guglielmelli P. Mutation landscape in patients with myelofibrosis receiving ruxolitinib or hydroxyurea. Blood Cancer J 2018; 8:122. [PMID: 30467377 PMCID: PMC6250726 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-018-0152-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Refractoriness to ruxolitinib in patients with myelofibrosis (MF) was associated with clonal evolution; however, whether genetic instability is promoted by ruxolitinib remains unsettled. We evaluated the mutation landscape in 71 MF patients receiving ruxolitinib (n = 46) and hydroxyurea (n = 25) and correlated with response. A spleen volume response (SVR) was obtained in 57% and 12%, respectively. Highly heterogenous patterns of mutation acquisition/loss and/or changes of variant allele frequency (VAF) were observed in the 2 patient groups without remarkable differences. In patients receiving ruxolitinib, driver mutation type and high-molecular risk profile (HMR) at baseline did not impact on response rate, while HMR and sole ASXL1 mutations predicted for SVR loss at 3 years. In patients with SVR, a decrease of ≥ 20% of JAK2V617F VAF predicted for SVR duration. VAF increase of non-driver mutations and clonal progression at follow-up correlated with SVR loss and treatment discontinuation, and clonal progression also predicted for shorter survival. These data indicate that (i) ruxolitinib does not appreciably promote clonal evolution compared with hydroxyurea, (ii) VAF increase of pre-existing and/or (ii) acquisition of new mutations while on treatment correlated with higher rate of discontinuation and/or death, and (iv) reduction of JAK2V617F VAF associated with SVR duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Pacilli
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi, Firenze, Italy
| | - Giada Rotunno
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi, Firenze, Italy
| | - Carmela Mannarelli
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi, Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Pancrazzi
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi, Firenze, Italy
| | - Elisa Contini
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesco Mannelli
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Gesullo
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi, Firenze, Italy
| | - Niccolò Bartalucci
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi, Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Paoli
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessandro M Vannucchi
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Paola Guglielmelli
- CRIMM, Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi, Firenze, Italy
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26
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Kim SK, Knight DA, Jones LR, Vervoort S, Ng AP, Seymour JF, Bradner JE, Waibel M, Kats L, Johnstone RW. JAK2 is dispensable for maintenance of JAK2 mutant B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Genes Dev 2018; 32:849-864. [PMID: 29907650 PMCID: PMC6049517 DOI: 10.1101/gad.307504.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Kim et al. show that while expression of mutant Jak2 is necessary for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia induction, neither its continued expression nor enzymatic activity is required to maintain leukemia survival and rapid proliferation. Activating JAK2 point mutations are implicated in the pathogenesis of myeloid and lymphoid malignancies, including high-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). In preclinical studies, treatment of JAK2 mutant leukemias with type I JAK2 inhibitors (e.g., Food and Drug Administration [FDA]-approved ruxolitinib) provided limited single-agent responses, possibly due to paradoxical JAK2Y1007/1008 hyperphosphorylation induced by these agents. To determine the importance of mutant JAK2 in B-ALL initiation and maintenance, we developed unique genetically engineered mouse models of B-ALL driven by overexpressed Crlf2 and mutant Jak2, recapitulating the genetic aberrations found in human B-ALL. While expression of mutant Jak2 was necessary for leukemia induction, neither its continued expression nor enzymatic activity was required to maintain leukemia survival and rapid proliferation. CRLF2/JAK2 mutant B-ALLs with sustained depletion or pharmacological inhibition of JAK2 exhibited enhanced expression of c-Myc and prominent up-regulation of c-Myc target genes. Combined indirect targeting of c-Myc using the BET bromodomain inhibitor JQ1 and direct targeting of JAK2 with ruxolitinib potently killed JAK2 mutant B-ALLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Kyu Kim
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, 3000 Victoria, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 Victoria, Australia
| | - Deborah A Knight
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, 3000 Victoria, Australia
| | - Lisa R Jones
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, 3000 Victoria, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephin Vervoort
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, 3000 Victoria, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 Victoria, Australia
| | - Ashley P Ng
- Division of Cancer and Haematology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052 Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - John F Seymour
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, 3000 Victoria, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 Victoria, Australia
| | - James E Bradner
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical (NIBR) Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Michaela Waibel
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, 3000 Victoria, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 Victoria, Australia
| | - Lev Kats
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, 3000 Victoria, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 Victoria, Australia
| | - Ricky W Johnstone
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, 3000 Victoria, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 Victoria, Australia
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27
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Sarno J, Savino AM, Buracchi C, Palmi C, Pinto S, Bugarin C, Jager A, Bresolin S, Barber RC, Silvestri D, Israeli S, Dyer MJ, Cazzaniga G, Nolan GP, Biondi A, Davis KL, Gaipa G. SRC/ABL inhibition disrupts CRLF2-driven signaling to induce cell death in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22872-22885. [PMID: 29796158 PMCID: PMC5955419 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Children with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) overexpressing the CRLF2 gene (hiCRLF2) have poor prognosis. CRLF2 protein overexpression leads to activated JAK/STAT signaling and trials are underway using JAK inhibitors to overcome treatment failure. Pre-clinical studies indicated limited efficacy of single JAK inhibitors, thus additional pathways must be targeted in hiCRLF2 cells. To identify additional activated networks, we used single-cell mass cytometry to examine 15 BCP-ALL primary patient samples. We uncovered a coordinated signaling network downstream of CRLF2 characterized by co-activation of JAK/STAT, PI3K, and CREB pathways. This CRLF2-driven network could be more effectively disrupted by SRC/ABL inhibition than single-agent JAK or PI3K inhibition, and this could be demonstrated even in primary minimal residual disease (MRD) cells. Our study suggests SCR/ABL inhibition as effective in disrupting the cooperative functional networks present in hiCRLF2 BCP-ALL patients, supporting further investigation of this strategy in pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanda Sarno
- Department of Pediatrics, Bass Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- M. Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Buracchi
- M. Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Chiara Palmi
- M. Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Stefania Pinto
- M. Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Cristina Bugarin
- M. Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Astraea Jager
- Department of Pediatrics, Bass Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Silvia Bresolin
- Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ruth C. Barber
- Leicester Drug Discovery & Diagnostic Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Silvestri
- Biostatistics and Clinic Epidemiology Center, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Shai Israeli
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Martin J.S. Dyer
- Ernest and Helen Scott Haematological Research Institute, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni Cazzaniga
- M. Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Garry P. Nolan
- Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Biondi
- M. Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, ASST-Monza, Ospedale San Gerardo/Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Kara L. Davis
- Department of Pediatrics, Bass Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Gaipa
- M. Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Tsai CL, Chao A, Jung SM, Tsai CN, Lin CY, Chen SH, Sue SC, Wang TH, Wang HS, Lai CH. Stress-induced phosphoprotein-1 maintains the stability of JAK2 in cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:50548-50563. [PMID: 27409672 PMCID: PMC5226602 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of stress-induced phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1) − a co-chaperone of heat shock protein (HSP) 70/HSP90 – and activation of the JAK2-STAT3 pathway occur in several tumors. Combined treatment with a HSP90 inhibitor and a JAK2 inhibitor exert synergistic anti-cancer effects. Here, we show that STIP1 stabilizes JAK2 protein in ovarian and endometrial cancer cells. Knock-down of endogenous STIP1 decreased JAK2 and phospho-STAT3 protein levels. The N-terminal fragment of STIP1 interacts with the N-terminus of JAK2, whereas the C-terminal DP2 domain of STIP1 mediates the interaction with HSP90 and STAT3. A peptide fragment in the DP2 domain of STIP1 (peptide 520) disrupted the interaction between STIP1 and HSP90 and induced cell death through JAK2 suppression. In an animal model, treatment with peptide 520 inhibited tumor growth. In summary, STIP1 modulates the function of the HSP90-JAK2-STAT3 complex. Peptide 520 may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of JAK2-overexpressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lung Tsai
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Angel Chao
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Jung
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Neu Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Yun Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Hua Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Che Sue
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Wang
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Shih Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chyong-Huey Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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29
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Zhang Q, Shi C, Han L, Jain N, Roberts KG, Ma H, Cai T, Cavazos A, Tabe Y, Jacamo RO, Mu H, Zhao Y, Wang J, Wu SC, Cao F, Zeng Z, Zhou J, Mi Y, Jabbour EJ, Levine R, Tasian SK, Mullighan CG, Weinstock DM, Fruman DA, Konopleva M. Inhibition of mTORC1/C2 signaling improves anti-leukemia efficacy of JAK/STAT blockade in CRLF2 rearranged and/or JAK driven Philadelphia chromosome-like acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 9:8027-8041. [PMID: 29487712 PMCID: PMC5814279 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with cytokine receptor-like factor 2 rearranged (CRLF2-re) subgroup Philadelphia chromosome-like B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like B-ALL) have a high relapse rate and poor clinical outcomes. CRFL2-re Ph-like B-ALL is characterized by heightened activation of multiple signaling pathways, including the JAK/STAT and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. We hypothesized that the combined inhibition by JAK2 and mTOR inhibitors would induce an additive antileukemia effect in CRLF2-re Ph-like B-ALL. In this study, we tested the antileukemia efficacy of the type I JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib and type II JAK inhibitor NVP-BBT594 (hereafter abbreviated BBT594) [1] alone and combined with allosteric mTOR inhibitor rapamycin and a second generation ATP-competitive mTOR kinase inhibitor AZD2014. We found that BBT594/AZD2014 combination produced robust anti-leukemic effects in Ph-like cell lines in vitro and in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) cells cultured ex vivo. JAK2/mTOR inhibition arrested the cell cycle and reduced cell survival to a greater extent in Ph-like B-ALL cells with CRLF2-re and JAK2 mutation. Synergistic cell killing was associated with the greater inhibition of JAK2 phosphorylation by BBT594 than by ruxolitinib and the greater inhibition of AKT and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation by AZD2014 than by rapamycin. In vivo, BBT594/AZD2014 co-treatment was most efficacious in reducing spleen size in three Ph-like PDX models, and markedly depleted bone marrow and spleen ALL cells in an ATF7IP-JAK2 fusion PDX. In summary, combined inhibition of JAK/STAT and mTOR pathways by next-generation inhibitors had promising antileukemia efficacy in preclinical models of CRFL2-re Ph-like B-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ce Shi
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Hematology, The First Hospital Affiliated Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lina Han
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Hematology, The First Hospital Affiliated Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nitin Jain
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kathryn G Roberts
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Helen Ma
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tianyu Cai
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Antonio Cavazos
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yoko Tabe
- Department of Next Generation Hematology Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rodrigo O Jacamo
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hong Mu
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Bioinformatics & Comp Biology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics & Comp Biology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shuo-Chieh Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology/Hematologic Neoplasia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fenglin Cao
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital Affiliated Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhihong Zeng
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital Affiliated Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingchang Mi
- Department of Leukemia, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Elias J Jabbour
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ross Levine
- Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah K Tasian
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Charles G Mullighan
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - David M Weinstock
- Department of Medical Oncology/Hematologic Neoplasia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David A Fruman
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Marina Konopleva
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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30
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Bose P, Gotlib J, Harrison CN, Verstovsek S. SOHO State-of-the-Art Update and Next Questions: MPN. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2018; 18:1-12. [PMID: 29277359 PMCID: PMC5915302 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of the activating Janus kinase (JAK)2V617F mutation in 2005 in most patients with the classic Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) spurred intense interest in research into these disorders, culminating in the identification of activating mutations in MPL in 2006 and indels in the gene encoding calreticulin (CALR) in 2013, thus providing additional mechanistic explanations for the universal activation of JAK-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) observed in these conditions, and the success of the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib, which first received regulatory approval in 2011. The field has continued to advance rapidly since then, and the past 2 years have witnessed important changes to the classification of MPN and diagnostic criteria for polycythemia vera (PV), novel insights into the mechanisms of bone marrow fibrosis in primary myelofibrosis (PMF), increasing appreciation of the biologic differences between essential thrombocythemia (ET), prefibrotic and overt PMF, and between primary and post-PV/ET myelofibrosis (MF). Additionally, the mechanisms through which mutant CALR drives JAK-STAT pathway activation and oncogenic transformation are now better understood. Although mastocytosis is no longer included under the broad heading of MPN in the 2016 revision to the World Health Organization classification, an important milestone in mastocytosis research was reached in 2017 with the regulatory approval of midostaurin for patients with advanced systemic mastocytosis (AdvSM). In this article, we review the major recent developments in the areas of PV, ET, and MF, and also briefly summarize the literature on midostaurin and other KIT inhibitors for patients with AdvSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithviraj Bose
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
| | - Jason Gotlib
- Department of Medicine - Hematology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
| | | | - Srdan Verstovsek
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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31
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Activity of the PI3K-δ,γ inhibitor duvelisib in a phase 1 trial and preclinical models of T-cell lymphoma. Blood 2017; 131:888-898. [PMID: 29233821 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-08-802470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Duvelisib (IPI-145) is an oral inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-δ/γ isoforms currently in clinical development. PI3K-δ/γ inhibition may directly inhibit malignant T-cell growth, making duvelisib a promising candidate for patients with peripheral (PTCL) or cutaneous (CTCL) T-cell lymphoma. Inhibition of either isoform may also contribute to clinical responses by modulating nonmalignant immune cells. We investigated these dual effects in a TCL cohort from a phase 1, open-label study of duvelisib in patients with relapsed or refractory PTCL (n = 16) and CTCL (n = 19), along with in vitro and in vivo models of TCL. The overall response rates in patients with PTCL and CTCL were 50.0% and 31.6%, respectively (P = .32). There were 3 complete responses, all among patients with PTCL. Activity was seen across a wide spectrum of subtypes. The most frequently observed grade 3 and 4 adverse events were transaminase increases (40% alanine aminotransferase, 17% aspartate aminotransferase), maculopapular rash (17%), and neutropenia (17%). Responders and nonresponders had markedly different changes in serum cytokine profiles induced by duvelisib. In vitro, duvelisib potently killed 3 of 4 TCL lines with constitutive phospho-AKT (pAKT) vs 0 of 7 lines lacking pAKT (P = .024) and exceeded cell killing by the PI3K-δ-specific inhibitor idelalisib. Administration of duvelisib to mice engrafted with a PTCL patient-derived xenograft resulted in a shift among tumor-associated macrophages from the immunosuppressive M2-like phenotype to the inflammatory M1-like phenotype. In summary, duvelisib demonstrated promising clinical activity and an acceptable safety profile in relapsed/refractory TCL, as well as preclinical evidence of both tumor cell-autonomous and immune-mediated effects. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01476657.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of the review was to provide a contemporary update of novel agents and targets under investigation in myelofibrosis in the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor era. RECENT FINDINGS Myelofibrosis (MF) is a clonal stem cell disease characterized by marrow fibrosis and a heterogeneous disease phenotype with a variable degree of splenomegaly, cytopenias, and constitutional symptoms that significantly impact quality of life and survival. Overactive JAK/STAT signaling is a hallmark of MF. The only approved therapy for MF, JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib, can ameliorate splenomegaly, improve symptoms, and prolong survival in some patients. Therapeutic challenges remain, however. Myelosuppression limits the use of ruxolitinib in some patients, eventual drug resistance is common, and the underlying malignant clone persists despite therapy. A deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of MF has informed the development of additional agents. Promising targets under investigation include JAK1 and JAK2 and downstream intermediates in related signaling pathways, epigenetic modifiers, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and immune regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Pettit
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Olatoyosi Odenike
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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Targeting c-KIT (CD117) by dasatinib and radotinib promotes acute myeloid leukemia cell death. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15278. [PMID: 29127384 PMCID: PMC5681687 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15492-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dasatinib and radotinib are oral BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors that were developed as drugs for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. We report here that the c-KIT (CD117) targeting with dasatinib and radotinib promotes acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell death, and c-KIT endocytosis is essential for triggering c-KIT-positive AML cell death by dasatinib and radotinib during the early stages. In addition, dasatinib and radotinib reduce heat shock protein 90β (HSP90β) expression and release Apaf-1 in c-KIT-positive AML cells. Finally, this activates a caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway in c-KIT-positive AML cells. Moreover, the inhibition of c-KIT endocytosis by dynamin inhibitor (DY) reversed cell viability and c-KIT expression by dasatinib and radotinib. HSP90β expression was recovered by DY in c-KIT-positive AML cells as well. Furthermore, the effect of radotinib on c-KIT and HSP90β showed the same pattern in a xenograft animal model using HEL92.1.7 cells. Therefore, dasatinib and radotinib promote AML cell death by targeting c-KIT. Taken together, these results indicate that dasatinib and radotinib treatment have a potential role in anti-leukemic therapy on c-KIT-positive AML cells.
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34
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Tang X, Guo X. [Research progress in Ph-like childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2017; 19:1213-1218. [PMID: 29132472 PMCID: PMC7389333 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) is a subtype of B-lineage ALL (B-ALL) that displays a gene expression profile (GEP) similar to Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL (Ph+ ALL). It has a diverse range of genetic alterations that activate cytokine receptor genes and kinase signaling pathways, frequently accompanied by abnormal transcription factors related to lymphatic development. Children with Ph-like ALL account for 15% of children with high-risk B-ALL. It has adverse clinical features and a poor prognosis. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors combined with chemotherapy can significantly improve the prognosis of children with Ph+ ALL, suggesting that targeted therapy based on the molecular cytogenetic abnormalities of Ph-like ALL has good research prospects. This paper expounds the genetic alterations, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic measures, and potential therapeutic approaches of Ph-like childhood ALL based on recent research progress in Ph-like ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China.
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35
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Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2017; 130:2064-2072. [PMID: 28972016 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-06-743252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), also referred to as BCR-ABL1-like ALL, is a high-risk subset with a gene expression profile that shares significant overlap with that of Ph-positive (Ph+) ALL and is suggestive of activated kinase signaling. Although Ph+ ALL is defined by BCR-ABL1 fusion, Ph-like ALL cases contain a variety of genomic alterations that activate kinase and cytokine receptor signaling. These alterations can be grouped into major subclasses that include ABL-class fusions involving ABL1, ABL2, CSF1R, and PDGFRB that phenocopy BCR-ABL1 and alterations of CRLF2, JAK2, and EPOR that activate JAK/STAT signaling. Additional genomic alterations in Ph-like ALL activate other kinases, including BLNK, DGKH, FGFR1, IL2RB, LYN, NTRK3, PDGFRA, PTK2B, TYK2, and the RAS signaling pathway. Recent studies have helped to define the genomic landscape of Ph-like ALL and how it varies across the age spectrum, associated clinical features and outcomes, and genetic risk factors. Preclinical studies and anecdotal reports show that targeted inhibitors of relevant signaling pathways are active in specific Ph-like ALL subsets, and precision medicine trials have been initiated for this high-risk ALL subset.
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36
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JAK2 aberrations in childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncotarget 2017; 8:89923-89938. [PMID: 29163799 PMCID: PMC5685720 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
JAK2 abnormalities may serve as target for precision medicines in pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). In the current study we performed a screening for JAK2 mutations and translocations, analyzed the clinical outcome and studied the efficacy of two JAK inhibitors in primary BCP-ALL cells. Importantly, we identify a number of limitations of JAK inhibitor therapy. JAK2 mutations mainly occurred in the poor prognostic subtypes BCR-ABL1-like and non- BCR-ABL1-like B-other (negative for sentinel cytogenetic lesions). JAK2 translocations were restricted to BCR-ABL1-like cases. Momelotinib and ruxolitinib were cytotoxic in both JAK2 translocated and JAK2 mutated cells, although efficacy in JAK2 mutated cells highly depended on cytokine receptor activation by TSLP. However, our data also suggest that the effect of JAK inhibition may be compromised by mutations in alternative survival pathways and microenvironment-induced resistance. Furthermore, inhibitors induced accumulation of phosphorylated JAK2Y1007, which resulted in a profound re-activation of JAK2 signaling upon release of the inhibitors. This preclinical evidence implies that further optimization and evaluation of JAK inhibitor treatment is necessary prior to its clinical integration in pediatric BCP-ALL.
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37
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Maese L, Tasian SK, Raetz EA. How is the Ph-like signature being incorporated into ALL therapy? Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2017; 30:222-228. [PMID: 29050695 PMCID: PMC6053910 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) is a recently identified high risk disease subtype characterized by a gene expression profile similar to that observed in Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph-positive) ALL, but without an underlying BCR-ABL1 translocation. Adults and children with Ph-like ALL harbor a diversity of alterations that all lead to activated kinase signaling. Outcomes for patients with Ph-like ALL are poor, which has prompted investigation into the role of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-based therapies for this disease. Several clinical trials are now ongoing that include screening for the Ph-like signature and treatment of patients with Ph-like ALL with TKI therapy. This review examines how testing for Ph-like ALL is being incorporated into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Maese
- Department of Pediatrics and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sarah K Tasian
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Raetz
- Department of Pediatrics and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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38
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39
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Sadras T, Heatley SL, Kok CH, McClure BJ, Yeung D, Hughes TP, Sutton R, Ziegler DS, White DL. A novel somatic JAK2 kinase-domain mutation in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia with rapid on-treatment development of LOH. Cancer Genet 2017; 216-217:86-90. [PMID: 29025600 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel somatic mutation in the kinase domain of JAK2 (R938Q) in a high-risk pediatric case of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The patient developed on-therapy relapse at 12 months, and interestingly, the JAK2 locus acquired loss of heterozygosity during treatment resulting in 100% mutation load. Furthermore, we show that primary ALL mononuclear cells harboring the JAK2 R938Q mutation display reduced sensitivity to the JAK1/2 ATP-competitive inhibitor ruxolitinib in vitro, compared to ALL cells that carry a more common JAK2 pseudokinase domain mutation. Our findings are in line with previous reports that demonstrate that mutations within the kinase domain of JAK2 are associated with resistance to type I JAK inhibitors. Importantly, given the recent inclusion of ruxolitinib in trial protocols for children with JAK pathway alterations, we predict that inter-patient genetic variability may result in suboptimal responses to JAK inhibitor therapy in a subset of cases. The need for alternate targeted and/or combination therapies for patients who display inherent or developed resistance to JAK inhibitor therapy will be warranted, and we propose that kinase-mutants less sensitive to type I JAK inhibitors may present a currently unexplored platform for investigation of improved therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Sadras
- Cancer Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Susan L Heatley
- Cancer Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Chung H Kok
- Cancer Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Barbara J McClure
- Cancer Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David Yeung
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Haematology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Timothy P Hughes
- Cancer Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Haematology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Rosemary Sutton
- Molecular Diagnostics Program, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Australian Genomic Health Alliance, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David S Ziegler
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia; Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Deborah L White
- Cancer Theme, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Australian Genomic Health Alliance, Australia.
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Gadina M, Gazaniga N, Vian L, Furumoto Y. Small molecules to the rescue: Inhibition of cytokine signaling in immune-mediated diseases. J Autoimmun 2017; 85:20-31. [PMID: 28676205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines are small, secreted proteins associated with the maintenance of immune homeostasis but also implicated with the pathogenesis of several autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Biologic agents blocking cytokines or their receptors have revolutionized the treatment of such pathologies. Nonetheless, some patients fail to respond to these drugs or do not achieve complete remission. The signal transduction originating from membrane-bound cytokine receptors is an intricate network of events that lead to gene expression and ultimately regulate cellular functionality. Our understanding of the intracellular actions that molecules such as interleukins, interferons (IFNs) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) set into motion has greatly increased in the past few years, making it possible to interfere with cytokines' signaling cascades. The Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB), the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the Phosphatidylinositol-3'-kinases (PI3K) pathways have all been intensively studied and key steps as well as molecules have been identified. These research efforts have led to the development of a new generation of small molecule inhibitors. Drugs capable of blocking JAK enzymatic activity or interfering with the proteasome-mediated degradation of intermediates in the NF-kB pathway have already entered the clinical arena confirming the validity of this approach. In this review, we have recapitulated the biochemical events downstream of cytokine receptors and discussed some of the drugs which have already been successfully utilized in the clinic. Moreover, we have highlighted some of the new molecules that are currently being developed for the treatment of immune-mediated pathologies and malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Gadina
- Translational Immunology Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, USA.
| | - Nathalia Gazaniga
- Translational Immunology Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, USA
| | - Laura Vian
- Translational Immunology Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, USA
| | - Yasuko Furumoto
- Translational Immunology Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, USA
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Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms are driven by activated JAK2 signaling due to somatic mutations in JAK2, the thrombopoietin receptor MPL or the chaperone calreticulin in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. JAK2 inhibitors have been developed, but despite clinical benefits, they do not signficantly reduce the mutant clone. Loss of response to JAK2 inhibitors occurs and several mechanisms of resistance, genetic and functional, have been identified. Resistance mutations have not been reported in MPN patients suggesting incomplete target inhibition. Alternative targeting of JAK2 by HSP90 inhibitors or type II JAK2 inhibition overcomes resistance to current JAK2 inhibitors. Additional combined therapy approaches are currently being evaluated.
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42
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Bose P, Abou Zahr A, Verstovsek S. Investigational Janus kinase inhibitors in development for myelofibrosis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2017; 26:723-734. [PMID: 28441920 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2017.1323871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since the discovery of the activating V617F mutation in Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), a number of pharmacologic inhibitors of JAK2 have entered clinical trials for patients with myelofibrosis. However, ruxolitinib, approved in 2011, remains the only one currently available for treatment of myelofibrosis, with many others having been discontinued for toxicity, and considerable uncertainty surrounding the future of those still in development. Areas covered: The available clinical data on pacritinib and momelotinib, the two agents in the most advanced phases of clinical testing in myelofibrosis, are examined in detail. NS-018 and INCB039110, selective inhibitors of JAK2 and JAK1, respectively, are also discussed. Finally, the JAK2 inhibitors no longer in clinical development are summarized in tabular form. Expert opinion: The different agents evaluated clearly differ in their kinomes, toxicity profiles and potential for myelosuppression. If approved, the JAK2-specific non-myelosuppressive inhibitor pacritinib could fulfill a major unmet need, that of patients with significant cytopenias. However, toxicity concerns persist. The data from the pivotal trials of momelotinib do not support its approval, although improvement of anemia is an important benefit. Selective JAK1 inhibition alone is unlikely to succeed in myelofibrosis. In these circumstances, rational ruxolitinib-based combinations may represent the best way forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithviraj Bose
- a Department of Leukemia , University of TX MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Abdallah Abou Zahr
- a Department of Leukemia , University of TX MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Srdan Verstovsek
- a Department of Leukemia , University of TX MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
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43
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Savino AM, Sarno J, Trentin L, Vieri M, Fazio G, Bardini M, Bugarin C, Fossati G, Davis KL, Gaipa G, Izraeli S, Meyer LH, Nolan GP, Biondi A, Te Kronnie G, Palmi C, Cazzaniga G. The histone deacetylase inhibitor givinostat (ITF2357) exhibits potent anti-tumor activity against CRLF2-rearranged BCP-ALL. Leukemia 2017; 31:2365-2375. [PMID: 28331226 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Leukemias bearing CRLF2 and JAK2 gene alterations are characterized by aberrant JAK/STAT signaling and poor prognosis. The HDAC inhibitor givinostat/ITF2357 has been shown to exert anti-neoplastic activity against both systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and myeloproliferative neoplasms through inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway. These findings led us to hypothesize that givinostat might also act against CRLF2-rearranged BCP-ALL, which lack effective therapies. Here, we found that givinostat inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of BCP-ALL CRLF2-rearranged cell lines, positive for exon 16 JAK2 mutations. Likewise, givinostat killed primary cells, but not their normal hematopoietic counterparts, from patients carrying CRLF2 rearrangements. At low doses, givinostat downregulated the expression of genes belonging to the JAK/STAT pathway and inhibited STAT5 phosphorylation. In vivo, givinostat significantly reduced engraftment of human blasts in patient-derived xenograft models of CRLF2-positive BCP-ALL. Importantly, givinostat killed ruxolitinib-resistant cells and potentiated the effect of current chemotherapy. Thus, givinostat in combination with conventional chemotherapy may represent an effective therapeutic option for these difficult-to-treat subsets of ALL. Lastly, the selective killing of cancer cells by givinostat may allow the design of reduced intensity regimens in CRLF2-rearranged Down syndrome-associated BCP-ALL patients with an overall benefit in terms of both toxicity and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Savino
- Tettamanti Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Leukemia Research Section, Edmond and Lily Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Department of Molecular Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Sarno
- Tettamanti Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - L Trentin
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - M Vieri
- Tettamanti Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - G Fazio
- Tettamanti Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - M Bardini
- Tettamanti Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - C Bugarin
- Tettamanti Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - G Fossati
- Preclinical R&D Department, Italfarmaco S.p.A., Cinisello Balsamo, Milan, Italy
| | - K L Davis
- Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - G Gaipa
- Tettamanti Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - S Izraeli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Leukemia Research Section, Edmond and Lily Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Department of Molecular Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - L H Meyer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - G P Nolan
- Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - A Biondi
- Tettamanti Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - G Te Kronnie
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - C Palmi
- Tettamanti Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - G Cazzaniga
- Tettamanti Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
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44
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Tran TH, Loh ML. Ph-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2016; 2016:561-566. [PMID: 27913529 PMCID: PMC6142516 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2016.1.561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) is a newly identified high-risk (HR) B-lineage ALL subtype, accounting for ∼15% of children with National Cancer Institute-defined HR B-ALL. It occurs more frequently in adolescents and adults, having been reported in as much as 27% of young adults with ALL between 21 and 39 years of age. It exhibits adverse clinical features, confers a poor prognosis, and harbors a diverse range of genetic alterations that activate cytokine receptor genes and kinase signaling pathways, making it amenable to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. Multiple groups are currently conducting clinical trials to prospectively screen patients with Ph-like ALL and incorporate the relevant TKI for those harboring ABL-class gene rearrangements or those with JAK-STAT pathway alterations. The success of combinatorial treatment of TKI with chemotherapy in the setting of Ph-positive ALL suggests that this approach may similarly improve outcomes for patients with Ph-like ALL. Hence, Ph-like ALL illustrates the modern treatment paradigm of precision medicine and presents unique opportunities for harnessing international collaborations to further improve outcomes for patients with ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai Hoa Tran
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; and
| | - Mignon L Loh
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; and
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA
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45
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Targeting Hsp90 with FS-108 circumvents gefitinib resistance in EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:1587-1596. [PMID: 27616574 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Inhibition of heat shock protein (Hsp90) has been proven to be effective in overriding primary and acquired resistance of kinase inhibitors. In this study, we investigated the role of FS-108, a newly developed Hsp90 inhibitor, to overcome gefitinib resistance in EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer cells. METHODS Cell proliferation was assessed using the SRB assay. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Protein expression was examined by Western blotting. The in vivo effectiveness of FS-108 was determined in an NCI-H1975 subcutaneous xenograft model. RESULTS FS-108 triggered obvious growth inhibition in gefitinib-resistant HCC827/GR6, NCI-H1650 and NCI-H1975 cells through inducing G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. FS-108 treatment resulted in a remarkable degradation of key client proteins involved in gefitinib resistance and further abrogated their downstream signaling pathways. Interestingly, FS-108 alone exerted an identical or superior effect on circumventing gefitinib resistance compared to combined kinase inhibition. Finally, the ability of FS-108 to overcome gefitinib resistance in vivo was validated in an NCI-H1975 xenograft model. CONCLUSION FS-108 is a powerful agent that impacts the survival of gefitinib-resistant cells in vitro and in vivo through targeting Hsp90.
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46
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HSP90 inhibition overcomes ibrutinib resistance in mantle cell lymphoma. Blood 2016; 128:2517-2526. [PMID: 27742706 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-04-711176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib induces responses in 70% of patients with relapsed and refractory mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Intrinsic resistance can occur through activation of the nonclassical NF-κB pathway and acquired resistance may involve the BTK C481S mutation. Outcomes after ibrutinib failure are dismal, indicating an unmet medical need. We reasoned that newer heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitors could overcome ibrutinib resistance by targeting multiple oncogenic pathways in MCL. HSP90 inhibition induced the complete degradation of both BTK and IκB kinase α in MCL lines and CD40-dependent B cells, with downstream loss of MAPK and nonclassical NF-κB signaling. A proteome-wide analysis in MCL lines and an MCL patient-derived xenograft identified a restricted set of targets from HSP90 inhibition that were enriched for factors involved in B-cell receptor and JAK/STAT signaling, the nonclassical NF-κB pathway, cell-cycle regulation, and DNA repair. Finally, multiple HSP90 inhibitors potently killed MCL lines in vitro, and the clinical agent AUY922 was active in vivo against both patient-derived and cell-line xenografts. Together, these findings define the HSP90-dependent proteome in MCL. Considering the disappointing clinical activity of HSP90 inhibitors in other contexts, trials in patients with MCL will be essential for defining the efficacy of and mechanisms of resistance after ibrutinib failure.
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47
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Moll M, Finn PW, Kavraki LE. Structure-guided selection of specificity determining positions in the human Kinome. BMC Genomics 2016; 17 Suppl 4:431. [PMID: 27556159 PMCID: PMC5001202 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2790-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The human kinome contains many important drug targets. It is well-known that inhibitors of protein kinases bind with very different selectivity profiles. This is also the case for inhibitors of many other protein families. The increased availability of protein 3D structures has provided much information on the structural variation within a given protein family. However, the relationship between structural variations and binding specificity is complex and incompletely understood. We have developed a structural bioinformatics approach which provides an analysis of key determinants of binding selectivity as a tool to enhance the rational design of drugs with a specific selectivity profile. Results We propose a greedy algorithm that computes a subset of residue positions in a multiple sequence alignment such that structural and chemical variation in those positions helps explain known binding affinities. By providing this information, the main purpose of the algorithm is to provide experimentalists with possible insights into how the selectivity profile of certain inhibitors is achieved, which is useful for lead optimization. In addition, the algorithm can also be used to predict binding affinities for structures whose affinity for a given inhibitor is unknown. The algorithm’s performance is demonstrated using an extensive dataset for the human kinome. Conclusion We show that the binding affinity of 38 different kinase inhibitors can be explained with consistently high precision and accuracy using the variation of at most six residue positions in the kinome binding site. We show for several inhibitors that we are able to identify residues that are known to be functionally important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Moll
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, PO Box 1892, Houston, 77251, TX, USA.
| | - Paul W Finn
- University of Buckingham, Hunter St, Buckingham, UK
| | - Lydia E Kavraki
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, PO Box 1892, Houston, 77251, TX, USA
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48
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Mughal TI, Abdel-Wahab O, Rampal R, Mesa R, Koschmieder S, Levine R, Hehlmann R, Saglio G, Barbui T, Van Etten RA. Contemporary insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms. Leuk Lymphoma 2016; 57:1517-26. [PMID: 27240645 PMCID: PMC6077976 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2016.1185783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This review is based on the deliberations at the 5th John Goldman Colloquium held in Estoril on 2nd October 2015 and the 9th post-ASH International Workshop on chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and BCR-ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) which took place on the 10th-11th December 2014, immediately following the 56th American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting. It has been updated since and summarizes the most recent advances in the biology and therapy of these diseases, in particular updates of genetics of MPN, novel insights from mouse MPN models, targeting CML stem cells and its niche; clinical advances include updates on JAK2 inhibitors and other therapeutic approaches to BCR-ABL1-negative MPNs, the use of alpha interferons, updates on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) randomized trials in CML, TKI cessation studies, and optimal monitoring strategies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Disease Models, Animal
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/etiology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/therapy
- Mice
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Mutation
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/diagnosis
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/etiology
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/mortality
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/therapy
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Risk Assessment
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raajit Rampal
- b Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - Ruben Mesa
- c Mayo Clinic Cancer Center , Scottsdale , AZ , USA
| | - Steffen Koschmieder
- d Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen , Germany
| | - Ross Levine
- b Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , NY , USA
| | | | | | - Tiziano Barbui
- g Papa Giovani XXIII Hospital and Research Center , Bergamo , Italy
| | - Richard A Van Etten
- h Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine , Irvine , CA , USA
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49
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Therapeutic targeting of IL-7Rα signaling pathways in ALL treatment. Blood 2016; 128:473-8. [PMID: 27268088 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-03-679209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased understanding of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) pathobiology has led to dramatic improvements in patient survival. However, there is still a need to develop targeted therapies to enable reduced chemotherapy intensity and to treat relapsed patients. The interleukin-7 receptor α (IL-7Rα) signaling pathways are prime therapeutic targets because these pathways harbor genetic aberrations in both T-cell ALL and B-cell precursor ALL. Therapeutic targeting of the IL-7Rα signaling pathways may lead to improved outcomes in a subset of patients.
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50
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Townsend EC, Murakami MA, Christodoulou A, Christie AL, Köster J, DeSouza TA, Morgan EA, Kallgren SP, Liu H, Wu SC, Plana O, Montero J, Stevenson KE, Rao P, Vadhi R, Andreeff M, Armand P, Ballen KK, Barzaghi-Rinaudo P, Cahill S, Clark RA, Cooke VG, Davids MS, DeAngelo DJ, Dorfman DM, Eaton H, Ebert BL, Etchin J, Firestone B, Fisher DC, Freedman AS, Galinsky IA, Gao H, Garcia JS, Garnache-Ottou F, Graubert TA, Gutierrez A, Halilovic E, Harris MH, Herbert ZT, Horwitz SM, Inghirami G, Intlekofer AM, Ito M, Izraeli S, Jacobsen ED, Jacobson CA, Jeay S, Jeremias I, Kelliher MA, Koch R, Konopleva M, Kopp N, Kornblau SM, Kung AL, Kupper TS, LeBoeuf NR, LaCasce AS, Lees E, Li LS, Look AT, Murakami M, Muschen M, Neuberg D, Ng SY, Odejide OO, Orkin SH, Paquette RR, Place AE, Roderick JE, Ryan JA, Sallan SE, Shoji B, Silverman LB, Soiffer RJ, Steensma DP, Stegmaier K, Stone RM, Tamburini J, Thorner AR, van Hummelen P, Wadleigh M, Wiesmann M, Weng AP, Wuerthner JU, Williams DA, Wollison BM, Lane AA, Letai A, Bertagnolli MM, Ritz J, Brown M, Long H, Aster JC, Shipp MA, Griffin JD, Weinstock DM. The Public Repository of Xenografts Enables Discovery and Randomized Phase II-like Trials in Mice. Cancer Cell 2016; 29:574-586. [PMID: 27070704 PMCID: PMC5177991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
More than 90% of drugs with preclinical activity fail in human trials, largely due to insufficient efficacy. We hypothesized that adequately powered trials of patient-derived xenografts (PDX) in mice could efficiently define therapeutic activity across heterogeneous tumors. To address this hypothesis, we established a large, publicly available repository of well-characterized leukemia and lymphoma PDXs that undergo orthotopic engraftment, called the Public Repository of Xenografts (PRoXe). PRoXe includes all de-identified information relevant to the primary specimens and the PDXs derived from them. Using this repository, we demonstrate that large studies of acute leukemia PDXs that mimic human randomized clinical trials can characterize drug efficacy and generate transcriptional, functional, and proteomic biomarkers in both treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Townsend
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mark A Murakami
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Alexandra Christodoulou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Amanda L Christie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Johannes Köster
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenomics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tiffany A DeSouza
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Morgan
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Scott P Kallgren
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Huiyun Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Shuo-Chieh Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Olivia Plana
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Joan Montero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kristen E Stevenson
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Prakash Rao
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenomics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Raga Vadhi
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenomics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Michael Andreeff
- Leukemia Division, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Philippe Armand
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Karen K Ballen
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Patrizia Barzaghi-Rinaudo
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Cahill
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Rachael A Clark
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vesselina G Cooke
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthew S Davids
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Daniel J DeAngelo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - David M Dorfman
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hilary Eaton
- Office of Research and Technology Ventures, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Benjamin L Ebert
- Department of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Julia Etchin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Brant Firestone
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - David C Fisher
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Arnold S Freedman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ilene A Galinsky
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hui Gao
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline S Garcia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Timothy A Graubert
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Alejandro Gutierrez
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ensar Halilovic
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marian H Harris
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Zachary T Herbert
- Molecular Biology Core Facility, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Steven M Horwitz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andrew M Intlekofer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Moriko Ito
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shai Izraeli
- Functional Genomics and Leukemia Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, 52621, Israel
| | - Eric D Jacobsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Caron A Jacobson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sébastien Jeay
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Irmela Jeremias
- Department of Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Marchioninistraße 25, 81377 Munich, Germany; Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University, Lindwurmstraße 4, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Michelle A Kelliher
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Raphael Koch
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Marina Konopleva
- Leukemia Division, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nadja Kopp
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Steven M Kornblau
- Leukemia Division, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andrew L Kung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Thomas S Kupper
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nicole R LeBoeuf
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ann S LaCasce
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Emma Lees
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Loretta S Li
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - A Thomas Look
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Masato Murakami
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Muschen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Donna Neuberg
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Samuel Y Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Oreofe O Odejide
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Stuart H Orkin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Rachel R Paquette
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Andrew E Place
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Justine E Roderick
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Jeremy A Ryan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Stephen E Sallan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Brent Shoji
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lewis B Silverman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Robert J Soiffer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - David P Steensma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Richard M Stone
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jerome Tamburini
- Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Aaron R Thorner
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Paul van Hummelen
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Martha Wadleigh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Marion Wiesmann
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrew P Weng
- Department of Pathology, British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Vancouver V5Z 1H8, Canada
| | - Jens U Wuerthner
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - David A Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Bruce M Wollison
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Andrew A Lane
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Anthony Letai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Monica M Bertagnolli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jerome Ritz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - Myles Brown
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenomics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Henry Long
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA; Center for Functional Cancer Epigenomics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jon C Aster
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Margaret A Shipp
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - James D Griffin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA
| | - David M Weinstock
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 450 Brookline Avenue, Dana 510B, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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