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Kotherová S, Cigán J, Štěpánková L, Vyskočilová M, Littnerová S, Ejova A, Sepši M. Adverse Effects of Meditation: Autonomic Nervous System Activation and Individual Nauseous Responses During Samadhi Meditation in the Czech Republic. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024:10.1007/s10943-024-02024-5. [PMID: 38605255 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-024-02024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Buddhist meditation practices, including Samadhi meditation, which forms the basis for mindfulness practice, are broadly promoted as pathways to wellbeing, but evidence of their adverse effects is emerging. In a single-group observational study with assessments of autonomic system before, during, and after Samadhi meditation, we explore the relationship between post-meditation nausea symptoms and the degree of change in autonomic system activity during meditation as compared to before and after in 57 university students (42 women; mean age = 22.6) without any previous experience in meditation or yoga practices. We hypothesize that nauseous feelings in meditation are connected to a rapid increase of activity in the sympathetic nervous system, as indicated by decreased heart-rate variability (HRV). We additionally explore links between meditation-induced nausea and two markers of parasympathetic activity: increased HRV and vasovagal syncope. Engaging in meditation and increased nausea during meditation were both associated with increased markers of HRV parasympathetic activity, but 12 individuals with markedly higher nausea demonstrated increased HRV markers of sympathetic activity during meditation. Vasovagal syncope was observed but found to be unrelated to nausea levels. Drivers of adverse effects of meditation in some individuals require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvie Kotherová
- Department of Sociology, Andragogy and Cultural Anthropology, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Cigán
- Laboratory for the Experimental Research of Religion (LEVYNA), Department for the Study of Religions, Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Štěpánková
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Psychology Research Institute-Research departments, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mária Vyskočilová
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Littnerová
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anastasia Ejova
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Milan Sepši
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
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2
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Salvati M, Chiorri C. Dispositional Mindfulness in Heterosexual and Lesbian/Bisexual Women: Associations with Sexual Prejudice and Internalized Sexual Stigma. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2023; 70:448-472. [PMID: 34651561 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2021.1990686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This research investigated the effect of dispositional mindfulness on the reduction of sexual prejudice and internalized sexual stigma in heterosexual and lesbian/bisexual women, who still represent a population that is under-represented in the scientific literature. Participants were 203 Italian women, both heterosexual (N = 104, 51.2%) and lesbian/bisexual (N= 99, 48.8%), ranging between 18 and 68 years old. They responded to a questionnaire containing demographic information and measures of dispositional mindfulness, need for cognitive closure, and adherence to traditional gender roles. Dominance analyses were run to test the predictive power of mindfulness' dimensions on internalized sexual stigma and on sexual prejudice over and above the other predictors. Results showed that having a mindful nonjudging attitude toward one's inner experience is associated with less internalized sexual stigma in lesbian and bisexual women. On the contrary, dispositional mindfulness was not associated with heterosexual women's sexual prejudice against gay and lesbian individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Salvati
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Lungadige Porta Vittoria, Verona, Italy
| | - Carlo Chiorri
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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3
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Hospital MM, Clarke RD, Morris SL, Fernandez SB, Spadola CE, Wagner EF. Participation in a yoga intervention is associated with improved mental health among Latinx adolescents. Stress Health 2022. [PMID: 36252578 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Latinx youth with mental health disorders have worse outcomes when compared to their White (non-Hispanic) counterparts. Latinx youth also have less access to and lower utilization of mental health services. Emerging research supports the psychological and physical benefits of engaging in yoga and yoga may function as a complimentary treatment option for patients with mental health challenges. However, research assessing the efficacy of yoga and mindfulness is particularly sparse among Latinx youth, who may particularly benefit from mind body awareness activities given barriers to more traditional health approaches. The objective of this quasi-experimental study was to examine the effects of a 12-week Vinyasa flow-based yoga group intervention on anxiety, depression, empathy, and life satisfaction among adolescents receiving outpatient mental health treatment. Adolescents (n = 186; 12-17 years old) were recruited to an active intervention condition (Yoga); a subsequent group of participants (n = 91) were recruited in the same manner to an assessment-only comparison control condition (Comparison). The Yoga group participated in culturally and developmentally tailored group yoga classes for 12 weeks. Structural equation modelling was used to evaluate the main effect intervention response between participants in the two conditions. At the post-intervention assessment, after controlling for baseline levels of outcome variables (i.e., depression, anxiety, empathy, and life satisfaction), on average participants in the yoga condition reported: less depression symptoms (B = -1.54, p = 0.008), less anxiety symptoms (B = -0.75, p = 0.048), greater empathy (B = 1.32, p = 0.025) and greater life satisfaction (B = 0.30, p = 0.013) as compared to the Comparison condition. Yoga interventions can be an acceptable and feasible modality for promoting well-being and reducing mental health problems among Latinx youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Hospital
- Community-Based Research Institute (CBRI), Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Florida International University Research Center in a Minority Institution (FIU-RCMI), Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Rachel D Clarke
- Humanities, Health, and Society, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Staci Leon Morris
- Community-Based Research Institute (CBRI), Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Florida International University Research Center in a Minority Institution (FIU-RCMI), Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sofia B Fernandez
- Florida International University Research Center in a Minority Institution (FIU-RCMI), Miami, Florida, USA.,School of Social Work, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Christine E Spadola
- School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Eric F Wagner
- Community-Based Research Institute (CBRI), Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Florida International University Research Center in a Minority Institution (FIU-RCMI), Miami, Florida, USA.,School of Social Work, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
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4
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Dorais S, Niles J, Dukes AT, Colon ML, Gutierrez D. Does contemplative pedagogy increase relational well‐being? A time series analysis. COUNSELOR EDUCATION AND SUPERVISION 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ceas.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Dorais
- Department of School Psychology and Counselor Education William & Mary Williamsburg Virginia USA
| | - Jennifer Niles
- Department of School Psychology and Counselor Education William & Mary Williamsburg Virginia USA
| | - Allison T. Dukes
- Department of School Psychology and Counselor Education William & Mary Williamsburg Virginia USA
| | - Michelle L. Colon
- School of Counseling and Special Education Bowling Green State University Bowling Green Ohio USA
| | - Daniel Gutierrez
- Department of Counseling and Special Education Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
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Daily Meditation Practice for Managing Glaucoma- patients' Attitudes and Acceptance. J Glaucoma 2022; 31:e75-e82. [PMID: 35882038 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000002076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PRECIS 63% of glaucoma patients agreed to 45-60 minutes of daily meditation. Predictors of accepting meditation included previous meditation practice, a diagnosis of glaucoma <1 year, and having a marital status of "single". PURPOSE To explore patients' acceptance and barriers towards 45-60 minutes daily meditation for glaucoma management and to identify glaucoma patients with higher perceived stress levels who may benefit more from meditation practice. METHODS Glaucoma patients attending the Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia outpatient department were invited to complete a patient survey. This explored if patients would agree to 45-60 minutes of daily meditation and included the Determinants of Meditation Practice Inventory and Perceived Stress Scale questionnaires. Questionnaire scores were compared across participants' clinical and demographic characteristics using student's T-Test, ANOVA, and multiple-linear-regression analysis. RESULTS Of the 123 eligible patients screened, one hundred completed the survey (81.3%). Sixty-three (63%) patients would agree to 45-60 minutes of daily meditation if advised by their doctor. Univariate analysis showed increased acceptance of meditation (lower Determinants of Meditation Practice Inventory scores) to be associated with agreeing to meditate 45-60 minutes daily (P=0.002), currently or previously practicing meditation (P=0.006 and P=0.0004 respectively), and having a marital status of "single" (P=0.02). Multi variate regression analysis showed previous meditation practice and a glaucoma diagnosis of <1 year to be predictive of accepting meditation (P=0.01 and P=0.03 respectively). There were no predictive factors of Perceived Stress Scale scores. CONCLUSION Given the high acceptance rate of 45-60 minutes daily meditation (63% of glaucoma patients sampled), this may be recommended for benefit of patients. Patients who have previously meditated, have a relatively new diagnosis of glaucoma, and are single (marital status) were more accepting of meditation practice.
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Methodological issues in conducting yoga- and meditation-based research: A narrative review and research implications. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2022; 13:100620. [PMID: 36087391 PMCID: PMC9451492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Yoga and meditation-based interventions have been extensively utilized in the field of contemporary complementary and alternative medicine for various physical and mental health conditions. Ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has rekindled the interest of researchers in yoga and meditation for its preventive and therapeutic utilities. However, the available literature in this area has several methodological concerns, limiting formers’ clinical utility. A comprehensive literature on this topic would stimulate researchers and guide them to conduct research on this topic with robust methodologies. The current review highlights the methodological issues with the yoga and meditation-based Research (henceforth, MBR), discusses some of the contentious issues, and provides future directions. The PubMed, Medline, and google scholar databases were searched to screen records dealing with the methodological issues on MBR. The search yielded 299 records, upon screening, only 24 articles were found suitable for the current study. Common methodological issues with MBR: lack of the consensus definitions of the yoga and meditations, interventions lacking theoretical framework of meditation; inadequate description of the study design; difficulty with participants recruitment, setting up the control groups, and blinding; difficulty in assessing the baseline characteristics of the participants, and validity issues with the outcome measures. A few research, however, have also highlighted the potential measures to overcome these methodological challenges. Yoga and meditation-based interventions are promising for several health conditions. However, literature suffers from considerable methodological issues, thus, limiting its utility in modern clinical practice. The study findings can stimulate and guide future research on this topic.
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Mizrach H, Goshe B, Park ER, Recklitis C, Greer JA, Chang Y, Frederick N, Abrams A, Tower MD, Walsh EA, Huang M, Kenney L, Homans A, Miller K, Denninger J, Usmani GN, Peppercorn J, Perez GK. Randomized Waitlist-Control Trial of a Web-Based Stress-Management and Resiliency Program for Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Survivors: Protocol for the Bounce Back Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e34033. [PMID: 35080500 PMCID: PMC8829691 DOI: 10.2196/34033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The emotional health of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors is compromised both during and after cancer treatment. Targeted programs designed to support AYAs’ ability to cope with stress in the years following treatment completion are lacking. Mind-body programs may ameliorate the negative psychological and emotional effects of stress and assist AYAs with managing the psychosocial challenges of early survivorship. Objective Our randomized waitlist-control trial aims to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a virtual group program (Bounce Back) to promote stress management and resiliency among posttreatment AYAs. Methods Bounce Back is a stress management and resiliency program delivered via videoconference by a trained mental health clinician. Sessions were adapted from an evidence-based mind-body program (Stress Management and Resiliency Training - Relaxation Response Resiliency Program [SMART-3RP]) grounded in relaxation response elicitation, mindfulness, cognitive behavioral therapy, and positive psychology. Seventy-two AYAs (diagnosed with cancer between ages 14 years and 29 years and had completed cancer treatment within the last 5 years) were randomly assigned to the Bounce Back program or waitlist-control group and completed assessments at baseline, 3 months postbaseline, and 6 months postbaseline. The primary aim of the study is to determine the feasibility and acceptability of the Bounce Back program. Descriptive statistics, including means, frequencies, and ranges supplemented by qualitative exit interview feedback will be used to characterize the sample and to summarize feasibility and acceptability. The exploratory aims are to evaluate the preliminary effects of the program on stress coping and psychosocial outcome measures (ie, anxiety, depression) collected across the 3 time points. Results This study was funded by the National Cancer Institute in July 2017. Study procedures were approved by the Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center Institutional Review Board in October 2018 (Protocol 18-428). The randomized trial was conducted from July 2019 to March 2021. Quantitative data collection is complete, and qualitative exit interview data collection is ongoing. Results are expected to be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at local, national, or international meetings in the coming years. Conclusions Few evidence-based programs exist that tackle the key transitional issues faced by AYA cancer survivors. Future analyses will help us determine the feasibility and acceptability of the Bounce Back program and its impact on AYA stress coping and psychological well-being. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03768336; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03768336 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/34033
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Mizrach
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Brett Goshe
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elyse R Park
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Joseph A Greer
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yuchiao Chang
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Annah Abrams
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mary D Tower
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Emily A Walsh
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mary Huang
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lisa Kenney
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alan Homans
- University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Karen Miller
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - John Denninger
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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Damiano RF, Di Santi T, Beach S, Pan PM, Lucchetti AL, Smith FA, Forlenza OV, Fricchione GL, Miguel EC, Lucchetti G. Mental health interventions following COVID-19 and other coronavirus infections: a systematic review of current recommendations and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL : 1999) 2021; 43:665-678. [PMID: 33852690 PMCID: PMC8639008 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the most common mental health strategies aimed at alleviating and/or preventing mental health problems in individuals during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and other coronavirus pandemics. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the literature assessing three databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, and PsycINFO). A meta-analysis was performed with data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). For non-RCT studies, a critical description of recommendations was performed. RESULTS From a total of 2,825 articles, 125 were included. Of those, three RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that the interventions promoted better overall mental health outcomes as compared to control groups (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.87 [95%CI 0.33-1.41], p < 0.001, I2 = 69.2%), but did not specifically improve anxiety (SMD = 0.98 [95%CI -0.17 to 2.13], p > 0.05; I2 = 36.8%). Concerning the systematic review, we found a large body of scientific literature proposing recommendations involving psychological/psychiatric interventions, self-care, education, governmental programs, and the use of technology and media. CONCLUSIONS We found a large body of expert recommendations that may help health practitioners, institutional and governmental leaders, and the general population cope with mental health issues during a pandemic or a crisis period. However, most articles had a low level of evidence, stressing the need for more studies with better design (especially RCTs) investigating potential mental health interventions during COVID-19. PROSPERO REGISTRATION CRD42020190212.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo F. Damiano
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Talita Di Santi
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Scott Beach
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pedro M. Pan
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alessandra L. Lucchetti
- Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Felicia A. Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Orestes V. Forlenza
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gregory L. Fricchione
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eurípedes C. Miguel
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo Lucchetti
- Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Garcia ER, Stoever JK, Wang P, Yim IS. Empowerment, Stress, and Depressive Symptoms Among Female Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence Attending Personal Empowerment Programs. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:9557-9579. [PMID: 31423868 DOI: 10.1177/0886260519869693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects one in three women and can have long-lasting psychological effects, with abuse survivors typically exhibiting elevated stress and depressive symptoms. However, women with greater personal empowerment resources (i.e., self-care, agency, self-efficacy) and who practice relaxation techniques generally exhibit lower stress and depressive symptoms. The present study investigated the effectiveness of Personal Empowerment Programs (PEP) and practicing relaxation techniques in promoting empowerment and lowering stress and depressive symptoms. Ninety women were recruited from PEP classes conducted at domestic violence agencies in Orange County, California. Salivary cortisol and affect were assessed before and after one PEP class. Perceived stress, depressive symptoms, empowerment, and relaxation techniques were also assessed. Practicing relaxation techniques correlated with more empowerment. For women without sexual abuse experiences only, having completed more classes (>5 classes) in the program was associated with greater empowerment, less stress, and fewer depressive symptoms. Implications extend to future studies and interventions for IPV survivors.
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Matiz A, Crescentini C, Bergamasco M, Budai R, Fabbro F. Inter-brain co-activations during mindfulness meditation. Implications for devotional and clinical settings. Conscious Cogn 2021; 95:103210. [PMID: 34562699 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2021.103210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mindfulness meditation usually takes place as personal, introspective activity. It is not known if this practice activates the brain differently when done alone or with someone else. Sixteen couples of expert meditators performed mindfulness-oriented meditation (MOM) and instructed mind-wandering (IMW) tasks in two conditions: once sitting in the same room (SR) and once in two different rooms (DR). Spontaneous electroencephalographic (EEG) data was collected during 7-minute recording sessions in the four experimental settings (MOM/SR, MOM/DR, IMW/SR, IMW/DR). Power in band was computed in separate clusters of independent components of the EEG signals. In addition to significant task effects, found in frontolimbic (MOM > IMW in gamma) and frontoparietal locations (MOM < IMW in theta), significant condition effects were found in frontal (SR > DR in delta) and in temporo-occipital regions (SR > DR in theta and alpha). Moreover, a significant interaction between task and condition revealed higher gamma activity in limbic areas during MOM/SR vs. MOM/DR settings. This effect was not attributable to gender, age nor the meditation expertise of participants. We thus show that the brains of two people work differently when they are doing something together or alone; some of these differences are specific to mindfulness meditation. Implications for devotional and clinical settings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Matiz
- Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy; Perceptual Robotics (PERCRO) Laboratory, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Cristiano Crescentini
- Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
| | - Massimo Bergamasco
- Perceptual Robotics (PERCRO) Laboratory, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Budai
- Department of Neuroscience, University-Hospital "S. Maria della Misericordia", Udine, Italy.
| | - Franco Fabbro
- Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy; Perceptual Robotics (PERCRO) Laboratory, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
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Asadi-Pooya AA, Brigo F, Lattanzi S, Karakis I, Asadollahi M, Trinka E, Talaat El Ghoneimy L, Pretorius C, Contreras G, Daza-Restrepo A, Valente K, D'Alessio L, Turuspekova ST, Aljandeel G, Khachatryan S, Ashkanani A, Tomson T, Kutlubaev M, Guekht A, Alsaadi T, Calle-Lopez Y, Mesraoua B, Ríos-Pohl L, Al-Asmi A, Villanueva V, Igwe SC, Kissani N, Jusupova A. Complementary and alternative medicine in epilepsy: A global survey of physicians' opinions. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 117:107835. [PMID: 33611098 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.107835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the opinions of physicians on the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in patients with epilepsy (PWE) worldwide. METHODS Online survey addressed to neurologists and psychiatrists from different countries. RESULTS Totally, 1112 physicians from 25 countries (different world region: Europe, North America, South America, Middle-East, Africa, Former Soviet Union Republics) participated; 804 (72.3%) believed that CAM might be helpful in PWE. The most commonly endorsed CAM included meditation (41%) and yoga (39%). Female sex, psychiatry specialization, and working in North and South America were associated with the belief that CAM is helpful in PWE. Two-hundred and forty five out of 1098 participants (22.3%) used/prescribed CAM to PWE; among them, 174 (71%) people perceived CAM to be less effective and 114 (46.5%) people found CAM to be safer than conventional antiseizure medications (ASMs). The most common reasons to prescribe CAM for PWE were: to satisfy the patient (49.9%), dissatisfaction with the efficacy (35.6%), and dissatisfaction with the adverse effects (31.2%) of conventional therapies. CONCLUSION Although the evidence supporting the use of CAM for the treatment of epilepsy is extremely sparse, most physicians worldwide believe that it could be integrated with the use of conventional ASMs, at least in some patients. High-quality controlled trials are warranted to provide robust evidence on the usefulness of CAM options in PWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Asadi-Pooya
- Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Francesco Brigo
- Department of Neurology, Hospital of Merano (SABES-ASDAA), Merano-Meran, Italy
| | - Simona Lattanzi
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ioannis Karakis
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Eugen Trinka
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Doppler Medical Centre, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Institute of Nursing Science and Practice, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, 5020 Salzburg, Austria, Associated Member of the European Reference Network EpiCARE
| | | | - Chrisma Pretorius
- Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Guilca Contreras
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Metropolitano, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Kette Valente
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurophysiology, Deparment of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana D'Alessio
- Buenos Aires University, Epilepsy Center, Ramos Mejía and El Cruce Hospitals, IBCN-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Saule T Turuspekova
- Department of Nervous Diseases with a Course of Neurosurgery, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ghaieb Aljandeel
- Iraqi Council for Medical Specializations, Faculty of Epileptology, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Samson Khachatryan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, National Institute of Health, Yerevan, Armenia
| | | | - Torbjörn Tomson
- Department of Clinical Nueroscience, Karolinska institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mansur Kutlubaev
- Department of Neurology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia
| | - Alla Guekht
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neurospychiatry; Department of Neurology, Nerosurgery and Medical Genetics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Taoufik Alsaadi
- Deptartment of Neurology, American Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yamile Calle-Lopez
- Neurology Section, University of Antioquia, Fundación Clínica del Norte-Neuroclínica, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Boulenouar Mesraoua
- Neurosciences Department, Hamad Medical Corporation and Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Abdullah Al-Asmi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sceinces, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
| | - Vicente Villanueva
- Refractory Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Stanley C Igwe
- Department of NeuroPsychiatry, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Najib Kissani
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco; Department of Neurology, Teaching Hospital Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Asel Jusupova
- Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Neurology and Clinical Genetics Department, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
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12
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Clarke RD, Morris SL, Wagner EF, Spadola CE, Bursac Z, Fava NM, Hospital M. Feasibility, acceptability and preliminary impact of mindfulness-based yoga among Hispanic/Latinx adolescents. Explore (NY) 2021; 18:299-305. [PMID: 33741254 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Hispanic/Latinx population constitutes the fastest growing ethnic/racial minority group in the United States (U.S.). Compared to their non-Hispanic/Latinx White counterparts, Hispanic/Latinx youth experience more depression and anxiety, and have more unmet mental health needs (88% vs 76%). Emerging research supports the psychological and physical benefits of mind-body awareness training to enhance well-being and mental health, but almost no studies have recruited ethnic/racial minority samples. PURPOSE The current study examined the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary impact of a mindfulness-based yoga program among Hispanic/Latinx public high school students. PROCEDURES Participants (N = 187) were recruited from a local public high school in a large multi-ethnic urban school district in the Southeast U.S. and participated in 6 weekly hour-long sessions of mindfulness-based yoga. Participants completed assessments at pretest and one month after program completion. MAIN FINDINGS The sample was predominantly Hispanic/Latinx (95%) and female (64%), on average 15.2 years old (SD = 1.3), and 51% were born outside the U.S. Participants reported on average a 14.2% reduction in depressive symptoms (pretest mean = 5.51, posttest mean = 4.73, p = .032, Cohen's d = 0.2), a 14.9% reduction in anxiety symptoms (pretest mean = 9.90, posttest mean = 8.42, p = .005, Cohen's d = 0.2), and a 21.9% reduction in stress (pretest mean = 9.66, posttest mean = 7.54, p < .001, Cohen's d = 0.5). CONCLUSION These findings provide support for the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based yoga program for Hispanic/Latinx adolescents, a medically underrepresented group experiencing significant mental health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel D Clarke
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA; Florida International University Research Center in a Minority Institution, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Staci Leon Morris
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA; Florida International University Research Center in a Minority Institution, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Eric F Wagner
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA; Florida International University Research Center in a Minority Institution, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Christine E Spadola
- Phyllis and Harvey Sandler School of Social Work, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Zoran Bursac
- Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nicole M Fava
- School of Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Michelle Hospital
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA; Florida International University Research Center in a Minority Institution, Miami, FL, USA
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13
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Effect of a One-Week Spiritual Retreat on Brain Functional Connectivity: A Preliminary Study. RELIGIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/rel12010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background: Many individuals participate in spiritual retreats to enhance their sense of spirituality or to improve their overall mental and spiritual well-being. We are not aware of any studies specifically evaluating changes in functional connectivity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in individuals undergoing an intense spiritual retreat program. The goal of this study was to determine whether such changes occur as a result of participating in the Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius. Methods: We conducted psychological and spiritual measures in conjunction with functional connectivity analysis of fMRI in 14 individuals prior to and following shortly after their participation in a one-week spiritual retreat. Results: Significant changes in functional connectivity were observed after the retreat program, compared to baseline evaluation, particularly in the posterior cingulate cortex, pallidum, superior frontal lobe, superior parietal lobe, superior and inferior temporal lobe, and the cerebellum. Significant changes in a variety of psychological and spiritual measures were identified as result of participation in the retreat. Conclusion: Overall, these preliminary findings suggest that this intensive spiritual retreat resulted in significant changes in brain functional connectivity, and warrants further investigation to evaluate the physiological, psychological, and spiritual impact of these changes.
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Boosting Psychological Well-Being through a Social Mindfulness-Based Intervention in the General Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228404. [PMID: 33202849 PMCID: PMC7697027 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The benefits of mindfulness meditation among clinical and non-clinical populations have been largely reported in literature. Existing mindfulness-based programs are particularly useful in targeting specific populations while researchers have pointed out the possibility of developing programs adapted to the audience and the context. In this two-groups pre-post experimental design we developed a mindfulness-based social intervention program to target individuals from the general population. Here we present a two-groups pre-post experimental design to investigate its effectiveness on participants’ psychological functioning assessed by eight self-reported questionnaires (CORE-OM, FFMQ, SWLS, PANAS, PSS, SCS, WEMWBS, SHS) which encompass different domains of well-being, mindfulness and emotional functioning. Participants, recruited on voluntary basis, were randomly allocated to treated or passive control groups and were aware of group allocation. The intervention comprises a 12-week meditation training in a big group that represents the social aspect of meditation. Data were analysed via a linear mixed effect model and intention to treat. Statistically significant results were obtained for global score of CORE-OM (β = −0.20 [−0.30; −0.10], p = 0.0002), FFMQ (β = 0.20 [0.12; −0.28], p < 0.0001), SWLS (β = 1.43 [0.42; 2.45], p = 0.006), positive PANAS (β = 1.99 [0.95; 3.04], p = 0.0002), negative PANAS (β = −1.67 [−2.92; −0.43], p = 0.009), PSS (β = −2.98 [−4.25; −1.71], p < 0.0001), WEMWBS (β = 4.38 [2.93; 5.83], p < 0.0001) and SHS (β = 1.43 [0.42; 2.45], p = 0.006). Our intervention is causally associated with an improvement of the psychological functioning and hence can be considered as a preventive measure that may potentially reduce the risk of developing psychological problems and improve the subject’s general well-being. Given the voluntary recruitment, our inference only applies to those individuals who have decided to experience meditation as a way to well-being and not to a random person from the general population.
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Aziz N, Wal A, Wal P, Bhalla R. Internet Addiction in India: Its Current Prevalence and Psychological and Complementary Treatment Techniques. CURRENT PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH AND REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2666082216666200106120104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
In this technical era, undoubtedly, the internet has brought a great revolution
worldwide. Smartphones and technology-mediated social networking sites have caused a drastic
increase in internet usage in all age groups of people. This has caused internet captivity leading
to its addiction.
Objective:
The paper focussed on the mediators and predictors of internet addiction in India in all
age groups of people. Its long-term solutions, i.e. psychological and complementary treatments were
focussed that work on personal level rather than disease level.
Methods:
An extensive literature review was done on the prevalence of the internet and its psychological
and complementary treatment. The possible non-pharmacological treatment, specifically
cognitive behaviour treatment, art and music therapy, internet fasting and cosmic medicine were
focussed on its efficient improvement in one’s health.
Conclusion:
As evident from our study, internet addiction is one of the growing challenges of
health complications in all age groups of people. The mainly discussed psychological and complementary
treatments of internet addiction have ample opportunity of seeking betterment with healthy
social and mental well being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namra Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur-209305, India
| | - Ankita Wal
- Department of Pharmacy, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur-209305, India
| | - Pranay Wal
- Department of Pharmacy, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur-209305, India
| | - Rupa Bhalla
- Department of Pharmacy, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur-209305, India
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16
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O'Donnell JM, Jelinek GA, Gray KM, De Livera A, Brown CR, Neate SL, O'Kearney EL, Taylor KL, Bevens W, Weiland TJ. Therapeutic utilization of meditation resources by people with multiple sclerosis: insights from an online patient discussion forum. Inform Health Soc Care 2020; 45:374-384. [PMID: 32508186 DOI: 10.1080/17538157.2020.1755975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to describe website traffic and qualitatively analyze an e-health community discussion forum. Participants in this study were people affected by multiple sclerosis visiting the Overcoming Multiple Sclerosis (OMS) website. This mixed methods study combined descriptive analysis of website traffic over 7 years and 1 month, and qualitative analysis of 1 week of posts in the meditation topic, coded into theme groups using qualitative thematic analysis. There were 166 meditation topics posted with 21,530 initial views of primary post and 785 sub-post responses. Meditation posts and sub-posts received 368,713 replies. Number of views increased from 4,684 in 2011 to over 80,000 in 2017, a considerably greater rate of increase than overall traffic. Qualitative analysis of posts on the meditation forum identified themes of barriers and enablers to utilization of meditation resources. Enablement themes dominated, observed across six of the seven theme groups with various forms of positive social and emotional support to learn and practice meditation. One theme, negative emotion, was identified as a barrier. The OMS peer-to-peer patient online discussion forum serves important functions in encouraging, educating and enabling its growing online community. Our analysis may help improve and innovate online support for lifestyle management in many chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi Millicent O'Donnell
- Neuroepidemiology Unit (NEU), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne , Carlton, Australia.,School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University , Fitzroy, Australia
| | - George Alexander Jelinek
- Neuroepidemiology Unit (NEU), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne , Carlton, Australia
| | - Kathleen Mary Gray
- Health and Biomedical Informatics Centre, The University of Melbourne , Carlton, Australia
| | - Alysha De Livera
- Neuroepidemiology Unit (NEU), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne , Carlton, Australia
| | - Chelsea Rae Brown
- Neuroepidemiology Unit (NEU), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne , Carlton, Australia
| | - Sandra Leanne Neate
- Neuroepidemiology Unit (NEU), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne , Carlton, Australia
| | - Emily Louise O'Kearney
- Neuroepidemiology Unit (NEU), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne , Carlton, Australia
| | - Keryn Louise Taylor
- Neuroepidemiology Unit (NEU), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne , Carlton, Australia
| | - William Bevens
- Neuroepidemiology Unit (NEU), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne , Carlton, Australia
| | - Tracey Joy Weiland
- Neuroepidemiology Unit (NEU), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne , Carlton, Australia
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Naylor M, Ridout B, Campbell A. A Scoping Review Identifying the Need for Quality Research on the Use of Virtual Reality in Workplace Settings for Stress Management. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2020; 23:506-518. [PMID: 32486836 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2019.0287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Workplace stress management is a growing problem that can have significant mental health and financial impact for workers and their employers. There is a growing body of evidence supporting the efficacy of Virtual Reality (VR) treatments for stress and anxiety, however no reviews of VR to date have looked specifically into the use of VR for this purpose in the workplace. This scoping review aimed to identify available evidence in this environment (i.e., workplace) and investigate whether using VR might reduce workplace stress levels. The academic databases, CINAHL, Medline, Proquest, PsychINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, were searched using terms focused on VR, stress or relaxation, and workplaces. Results from the articles reviewed demonstrate a wide variety of study designs and techniques, with a general indication that the interventions reduce stress. Commonalities, differences, and levels of workplace focus are examined. Areas for future studies are highlighted, and the importance of the unique contribution VR can make to stress management in the workplace is identified as a gap in the research to be filled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Naylor
- Cyberpsychology Research Group Faculty of Medicine & Health Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brad Ridout
- Cyberpsychology Research Group Faculty of Medicine & Health Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew Campbell
- Cyberpsychology Research Group Faculty of Medicine & Health Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Barcelona J, Fahlman M, Churakova Y, Canjels R, Mallare J, van den Heuvel MI. Frontal alpha asymmetry during prayerful and resting states: An EEG study in Catholic sisters. Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 155:9-15. [PMID: 32353401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Life expectancy in the US is 78.6 years, and although people are living longer, they are also living with chronic diseases. As women age, they are more susceptible to chronic disease including mental health conditions and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) dementia. Therefore, practical and cost effective ways to prevent the onset of cognitive, mental and physical ailments and increase the quality of life among aging populations is timely and warranted. The purpose of this study in aging adult women was to explore if prayer is associated with electrical brain activity patterns consistent with meditation and therefore a likely pro-health behavior. MATERIALS AND METHODS A sample of 33 healthy women (Mage = 80.1, SD = 8.3) were recruited from a Midwestern Catholic Sisters community. Participants completed 6 consecutive, counterbalanced electroencephalogram (EEG) sessions: three resting sessions and three praying sessions equating to 18 min of recorded EEG data for each participant. Differences in alpha power and frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) between praying and resting conditions and the influence of age on the association between inter-individual differences in alpha power were explored. RESULTS Results indicated significant higher alpha power detected in electrodes positioned in the occipital area for praying sessions compared to resting sessions. Additionally, we found significant positive correlations between FAA values and age of the participants for both conditions (rest: r = 0.436, p = 0.016; pray: r = 0.434, p = 0.017), indicating more approach-related brain activity in older participants. CONCLUSIONS Taken collectively, our results suggest that prayerful meditation increased alpha power and that positive and approach-related (left frontal-central) brain activity increased as Sisters aged. Future studies should explore the mediating role of age as it relates to meditation and cognitive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Barcelona
- Department of Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Mariane Fahlman
- Department of Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yulia Churakova
- Department of Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Robin Canjels
- Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - James Mallare
- Department of Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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Izaguirre-Riesgo A, Menéndez-González L, Alonso Pérez F. [Effectiveness of a nursing program of self-care and Mindfulness, in the approach to the common mental disorder in primary care]. Aten Primaria 2020; 52:400-409. [PMID: 32247530 PMCID: PMC7256806 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo Evaluar la efectividad de la implantación de un programa de mindfulness y autocuidados en atención primaria para el abordaje del trastorno mental común. Diseño Estudio cuasiexperimental no controlado, no aleatorizado, con medidas repetidas. Emplazamiento Siete centros de salud del Área V del Principado de Asturias entre 2014 y 2018. Participantes Sujetos entre 18-75 años, con trastornos de ansiedad, depresivos y adaptativos mixtos, sin enfermedad mental grave. Muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Intervención Nueve sesiones grupales semanales de 90 min, práctica diaria y sesiones de refuerzo al mes, 3, 6 y 12 meses. Mediciones principales Medidas antes-después, evaluadas por cuestionarios validados y autoadministrados, a medio plazo (3-6 meses) y largo plazo (> 12 meses) de las variables: ansiedad rasgo/ansiedad estado (Cuestionario de ansiedad estado-rasgo –STAI–); ansiedad/depresión (Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión de Goldberg –GHQ28–), atención plena (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire –FFMQ–), reducción del tratamiento farmacológico (preguntas abiertas). Resultados Muestra final de 314 sujetos. Se halló una diferencia de medias estadísticamente significativa en los 3 periodos de seguimiento respecto a los valores basales para todas las escalas/subescalas. Hubo una reducción en la toma de medicación basal de ansiolíticos/antidepresivos del 54,3% en el seguimiento a largo plazo (p < 0,001). Conclusiones Una disminución moderada de los síntomas, junto con la reducción de la medicación, indican que la intervención en mindfulness dirigida por enfermeras de atención primaria puede ser una opción de tratamiento para el trastorno mental común en este nivel asistencial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaí Izaguirre-Riesgo
- Enfermera especialista en Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud El Llano, Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias, Gijón, Asturias, España.
| | - Lara Menéndez-González
- Enfermera especialista en Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria y Salud Mental, Centro de Salud El Llano, Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias, Gijón, Asturias, España
| | - Fernando Alonso Pérez
- Facultad de Enfermería de Gijón, Universidad de Oviedo, Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias, Gijón, Asturias, España
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20
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Karrasch S, Hitzler M, Gumpp A, Karabatsiakis A, Kolassa IT. Molekulartoxische Folgen von chronischem und traumatischem Stress und deren Reversibilität durch entspannungs- und achtsamkeitsbasierte Interventionen. VERHALTENSTHERAPIE 2020. [DOI: 10.1159/000505380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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21
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Bergmans RS, Zivin K, Mezuk B. Perceived sleep quality, coping behavior, and associations with major depression among older adults. J Health Psychol 2019; 26:1913-1925. [PMID: 31825256 DOI: 10.1177/1359105319891650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In older adults, we determined (1) the association of perceived sleep quality with stress-coping behaviors (drinking alcohol, smoking tobacco, medication/drug use, overeating, prayer, exercise, social support, and treatment from a health professional) and (2) whether coping behavior mediated the relationship of perceived sleep quality with depression. Data came from the US Health and Retirement Study 2008-2010 (n = 1174). Using logistic regression, poor perceived sleep quality was associated with medication/drug use (odds ratio = 2.9; 95% confidence interval = 1.4-6.0) and overeating (odds ratio = 1.6; 95% confidence interval = 1.1-2.5). However, using structural equation modeling, coping behavior did not mediate the relationship of perceived sleep quality with depression symptomology (p = 0.14).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kara Zivin
- University of Michigan, USA.,U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, USA
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22
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Gutierrez D, Merrill E, Conley AH, Young ME. A Study of Student Counselors' Experiences With Meditation. COUNSELING AND VALUES 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cvj.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gutierrez
- Department of School Psychology and Counselor EducationCollege of William & Mary
| | - Erica Merrill
- Department of CounselingThe University of North Carolina at Charlotte
| | | | - Mark E. Young
- Department of Child, Family, and Community SciencesUniversity of Central Florida
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Khalsa SS, Rudrauf D, Hassanpour MS, Davidson RJ, Tranel D. The practice of meditation is not associated with improved interoceptive awareness of the heartbeat. Psychophysiology 2019; 57:e13479. [PMID: 31573689 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Meditation is commonly assumed to be associated with enhanced interoceptive accuracy. We previously found that experienced meditators did not exhibit a greater ability than nonmeditators to detect heartbeat sensations at rest, despite the meditators' reported subjective ratings of higher accuracy and lower difficulty. Here, attempting to overcome previous methodological limitations, we assessed interoceptive awareness of heartbeat and breathing sensations across physiological arousal levels using infusions of isoproterenol, a beta-adrenergic agonist similar to adrenaline. We hypothesized that meditators would display greater interoceptive awareness than nonmeditators, as evidenced by higher interoceptive detection rates, increased interoceptive accuracy, and differences in localization of heartbeat sensations. We studied 15 meditators and 15 nonmeditators, individually matched on age, gender, and body mass index, using randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled bolus infusions of isoproterenol. Participants reported their experience of heartbeat and breathing sensations using a dial during infusions and the location of heartbeat sensations on a two-dimensional manikin afterward. There was no evidence of higher detection rates or increased accuracy across any dose, although meditators showed a tendency to report cardiorespiratory sensation changes sooner at higher doses. Relative to nonmeditators, meditators exhibited prominent geographical differences in heartbeat localization, disproportionally reporting sensations throughout central regions of the chest, abdomen, neck, back, and head. To further assess indications of potential differences in cardiac interoceptive accuracy between meditators and nonmeditators, we conducted a meta-analysis including 724 participants and found little evidence for such differences. We conclude that the practice of meditation is not associated with improved cardiac interoceptive awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahib S Khalsa
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma.,Oxley College of Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | - David Rudrauf
- CISA/CUI/FAPSE/Campus Biotech, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mahlega S Hassanpour
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma.,Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Richard J Davidson
- Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.,Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Daniel Tranel
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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24
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Cramer H. [Meditation in Deutschland: Eine national repräsentative Umfrage]. Complement Med Res 2019; 26:382-389. [PMID: 31163429 DOI: 10.1159/000499900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hintergrund: Zunehmende Evidenz weist auf positive Wirkungen der Meditation bei psychischen und körperlichen Symptomen hin. Ziel dieser national repräsentativen Umfrage war die Erhebung der Lebenszeitprävalenz und Punktprävalenz der Meditations-Praxis in Deutschland, der Gründe für Meditation und der wahrgenommenen Veränderungen durch die Meditation. Methoden: In dieser national repräsentativen Umfrage mit 2'126 TeilnehmerInnen ab 14 Jahren wurde im April und Mai 2018 die derzeitige und frühere Meditations-Praxis erhoben. Unterschiede zwischen soziodemographischen Subgruppen wurden mittels Chi-Quadrat-Tests analysiert. Ergebnisse: Die Lebenszeitprävalenz der Meditations-Praxis lag bei 15,1%, die Punkt-Prävalenz bei 6,6%. Eine höhere Prävalenz war assoziiert mit weiblichem Geschlecht (p < 0,001), erwerbsfähigem Alter (p = 0,015), Abitur/Hochschulabschluss (p = 0,002) und Berufs-tätigkeit (p = 0,027). Die durchschnittliche Dauer der Meditations-Praxis betrug 47,1 Monate. Die häufigsten Gründe zu meditieren waren Verbesserungen des geistigen Befindens (71,1%), der geistigen Leistungsfähigkeit (50,3%), bei regelmäßig Meditierenden auch des körperlichen Befindens (59,3%). Positive Veränderungen durch die Meditations-Praxis berichteten 95,8%, insbesondere größere Ausgeglichenheit, Entspannung und Wohlbefinden. Weitere 12,4% der aktuell nicht meditierenden Befragten konnten sich vorstellen, in den nächsten 12 Monaten mit Meditation zu beginnen. Außerdem praktizierten 5,6% der Befragten Yoga; 46,6% der aktuell Yoga Praktizierenden meditierten auch, und 39,0% der aktuell Meditierenden übten auch Yoga. Schlussfolgerung: Geschätzte 15,7 Millionen Menschen in Deutschland meditieren aktuell oder sind daran interessiert, mit Meditation zu beginnen. Frauen und berufstätige Personen mit Abitur/Hochschulabschluss im erwerbsfähigen Alter meditieren häufiger. Über 95% der Praktizierenden berichten positive Veränderungen durch die Meditation. BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests positive effects of meditation on mental and physical conditions. The aim of this nationally representative survey was to analyze prevalence and patterns of meditation use in Germany. METHODS In this nationally representative survey with 2,126 participants of at least 14 years of age conducted from April to May 2018, current and prior meditation use was assessed. Differences between sociodemographic subgroups were analyzed using chi squared tests. RESULTS Lifetime prevalence of meditation use was 15.1%, point prevalence 6.6%. Higher prevalence was associated with female gender (p < 0.001), age 20–59 years (p = 0.015), higher education (p = 0.002), and occupation (p = 0.027). Mean duration of meditation use was 47.1 months. The main reasons for meditation use were improved mental well-being (71.1%), mental capacity (50.3%), and (for regular meditation users) also physical well-being (50.3%). Positive changes due to meditation were reported by 95.8% of meditation users, mainly increased inner calmness, relaxation, and well-being. Another 12.4% of those who were not currently meditating could imagine starting meditation in the next 12 months. Further, 5.6% of participants used yoga; 46.6% of yoga users also used meditation; and 36.0% of meditation users also used yoga. CONCLUSIONS An estimated 15.7 million German individuals are currently using meditation or are at least interested in starting to meditate. More than 95% of meditation users report positive changes due to meditation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Cramer
- Klinik für Naturheilkunde und Integrative Medizin, Kliniken Essen Mitte, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Deutschland,
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Cavanagh B, Haracz K, Lawry M, James C. It's like another world: the perceived beneficial effects of an artistically designed multisensory environment. MEDICAL HUMANITIES 2019; 45:52-59. [PMID: 30012839 DOI: 10.1136/medhum-2018-011492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Self-management strategies have been identified as having a key role in supporting mental health and preventing mental illness. Evidence suggests that spending time in nature, experiencing or viewing artwork and accessing sensory rooms all support self-management and positive mental health among varied clinical populations. This evidence informed the design of the sensory-art space (SAS), an artistically designed multisensory environment, which drew on themes and images of nature.The aim of this study was to explore the experiences and perceived benefits of the SAS among members of a university community.A maximum variation approach to sampling was used, and 18 participants were included in this qualitative study. Data were gathered via semi-structured interviews, which were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim for thematic analysis.The findings presented six themes. The two core themes were: it's like another world, and easy to focus and describe how the SAS produced the beneficial effects described in the four remaining themes of: emotionally nutritious, meditative effects, relaxation and therapeuticParticipants identified beneficial effects of the SAS that were consistent with the evidence for other self-management strategies. The identified benefits also aligned with existing theories suggesting that the SAS functioned as a restorative environment. This study is the first to explore the experience of art in a multisensory and multidimensional capacity, which further contributes to the growing field of receptive engagement with the arts for health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bliss Cavanagh
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kirsti Haracz
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Miranda Lawry
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carole James
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
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Silveira K, Smart CM. Cognitive, physical, and psychological benefits of yoga for acquired brain injuries: A systematic review of recent findings. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2019; 30:1388-1407. [DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2019.1583114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Silveira
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Colette M. Smart
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
- Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
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Wang C, Li K, Gaylord S. Prevalence, patterns, and predictors of meditation use among U.S. children: Results from the National Health Interview Survey. Complement Ther Med 2019; 43:271-276. [PMID: 30935542 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study is to examine the characteristics of various types of meditation use (i.e., mantra, mindful, and spiritual meditation) among U.S. children. METHODS Using 2017 National Health Interview Survey, we examined the prevalence, patterns, and potential predictors of meditation use among U.S. children aged 4 to 17 years. Descriptive statistics, Wald F chi-square test, and multivariable logistic regression were used for data analysis (n = 6925). RESULTS Overall meditation use has increased substantially from 1.6% in 2012 to 7.4% in 2017 among children in the US. Children with chronic medical conditions were more likely to use mindful meditation (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.9-3.6, 95% CI [1.0-7.4]). Regularly taking prescription medication had an inverse relation with mantra meditation use (AOR = 0.4, 95% CI [0.2-0.9]). Children with delayed medical care due to access difficulties were more likely to use spiritual meditation, compared to those who did not (AOR = 1.7, 95% CI [1.1-2.6]). CONCLUSIONS Meditation use has rapidly increased among U.S. children within the past few years. Future studies should explore the underlying reasons for this increase and its potential benefits for pediatric meditators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Wang
- Western Washington University, Department of Health and Human Development, Bellingham, WA 98225, USA; Pingdingshan University, School of Physical Education, Pingdingshan, Henan Province 467000, China
| | - Kaigang Li
- Colorado State University, Department of Health & Exercise Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Susan Gaylord
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
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Vohra S, Punja S, Sibinga E, Baydala L, Wikman E, Singhal A, Dolcos F, Van Vliet KJ. Mindfulness-based stress reduction for mental health in youth: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2019; 24:29-35. [PMID: 32677243 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental illness is among the most common causes of morbidity, mortality, and disability in childhood. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has shown significant benefit in mental health; however, evidence of its effectiveness in youth is limited. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of MBSR plus usual care versus usual care alone for reducing mental health symptoms in youth. METHODS A two-arm, mixed methods, randomized cluster-controlled trial of 12-18 year olds who were residents of CASA House, a voluntary residential treatment program for adolescents, between January 2011 and March 2013 (clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01307943). INTERVENTIONS Treatment terms were randomized to usual care, or MBSR plus usual care, which included eight MBSR sessions of 2 hr/week. OUTCOMES The primary outcome was impact on emotions and behavior at the end of the program, using the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition (BASC-2). Secondary outcomes included perceived stress levels, mindfulness, and emotional regulation. RESULTS A total of 85 participants were randomized to either the MBSR arm (n = 45) or control arm (n = 40). Significant differences in favor of MBSR were found on Teacher ratings of the Internalizing Problems (p = .038) and Adaptive Skills subscales (p = .022) on the BASC-2. No significant differences were found on other outcomes. A post hoc analysis found that the MBSR arm had a significantly shorter time to discharge (p = .02). CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that MBSR is effective for improved coping with internalizing problems and adaptive emotional skills in our sample. Future studies should focus on larger, longer-term studies in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Vohra
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Salima Punja
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Erica Sibinga
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lola Baydala
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Erik Wikman
- Department of Educational Psychology, Misericordia Hospital Child Health Clinic, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Anthony Singhal
- Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Florin Dolcos
- Psychology Department, Neuroscience Program, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science & Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - K Jessica Van Vliet
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Abujaradeh H, Safadi R, Sereika SM, Kahle CT, Cohen SM. Mindfulness-Based Interventions Among Adolescents With Chronic Diseases in Clinical Settings: A Systematic Review. J Pediatr Health Care 2018; 32:455-472. [PMID: 29941236 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to determine the benefits/efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) implemented among adolescents with chronic diseases in clinical settings. METHODS An electronic search of PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases was conducted in November 2017 to identify studies in which mindfulness was the primary intervention delivered for adolescents with chronic diseases to improve psychological and physical health. RESULTS Nineteen eligible studies were included in this review. Fifteen studies included adolescents with psychiatric or pain disorders, and four included adolescents with a chronic physical disorders. Psychological outcomes and pain were examined in most studies with effect sizes for MBIs ranging from small to large. DISCUSSION MBI studies conducted in clinical settings mainly engaged adolescents with psychiatric or pain disorders. The effectiveness of MBIs on improving psychological outcomes were inconsistent. Large randomized trials are needed to examine the effectiveness of MBIs and should expand to include adolescents with chronic physical diseases.
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Upchurch DM, Gill M, Jiang L, Prelip M, Slusser W. Use of Mind-Body Therapies Among Young Adults Aged 18-24 Years: Findings From the 2012 National Health Interview Survey. J Adolesc Health 2018; 63:227-232. [PMID: 29970333 PMCID: PMC6113068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the prevalence, patterns, and satisfaction of use of mind-body therapies (MBTs) in a nationally representative sample of young adults (ages 18-24 years). METHODS Young adults interviewed in the 2012 National Health Interview Survey were analyzed (n = 3,286). Individual types (e.g., mindfulness) and a combined measure of use of any MBT were assessed. Reasons for and satisfaction with use was also investigated. Design-based F tests and logistic regression were used; all analyses were weighted and stratified by gender. RESULTS Overall, 14.6% of young adults used MBT in the past year (9.6% of men and 19.1% of women, p < .001). Among men, higher levels of education, greater numbers of health conditions, and healthy behaviors were associated with greater odds of MBT use. Among women, Latina and black women had lower odds of use (vs. white). Higher education, greater mental distress, and greater numbers of health conditions and healthy behaviors were associated with greater odds of use. While both men and women reported stress reduction and general wellness as top reasons for use, men also reported the use to improve athletic performance. CONCLUSIONS Young adulthood is a critical period in the life course when individuals are establishing lifestyle and health behaviors that can be enduring. Because stress is a persistent problem, and many MBTs can be helpful with management of stress and anxiety, young adult may be underutilizing these modalities. Public health and educational strategies for greater engagement in MBT among young adults are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn M Upchurch
- Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Monique Gill
- Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Linghui Jiang
- Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Michael Prelip
- Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Wendelin Slusser
- UCLA Chancellor's Office - Healthy Campus Initiative, Los Angeles, California.
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Bhasin MK, Denninger JW, Huffman JC, Joseph MG, Niles H, Chad-Friedman E, Goldman R, Buczynski-Kelley B, Mahoney BA, Fricchione GL, Dusek JA, Benson H, Zusman RM, Libermann TA. Specific Transcriptome Changes Associated with Blood Pressure Reduction in Hypertensive Patients After Relaxation Response Training. J Altern Complement Med 2018; 24:486-504. [PMID: 29616846 PMCID: PMC5961875 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2017.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mind-body practices that elicit the relaxation response (RR) have been demonstrated to reduce blood pressure (BP) in essential hypertension (HTN) and may be an adjunct to antihypertensive drug therapy. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the RR reduces BP remain undefined. DESIGN Genomic determinants associated with responsiveness to an 8-week RR-based mind-body intervention for lowering HTN in 13 stage 1 hypertensive patients classified as BP responders and 11 as nonresponders were identified. RESULTS Transcriptome analysis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells identified 1771 genes regulated by the RR in responders. Biological process- and pathway-based analysis of transcriptome data demonstrated enrichment in the following gene categories: immune regulatory pathways and metabolism (among downregulated genes); glucose metabolism, cardiovascular system development, and circadian rhythm (among upregulated genes). Further in silico estimation of cell abundance from the microarray data showed enrichment of the anti-inflammatory M2 subtype of macrophages in BP responders. Nuclear factor-κB, vascular endothelial growth factor, and insulin were critical molecules emerging from interactive network analysis. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide the first insights into the molecular mechanisms that are associated with the beneficial effects of the RR on HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K. Bhasin
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- BIDMC Genomics, Proteomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - John W. Denninger
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jeff C. Huffman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Marie G. Joseph
- BIDMC Genomics, Proteomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Halsey Niles
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Emma Chad-Friedman
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Roberta Goldman
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Beverly Buczynski-Kelley
- Department of Medicine, Corrigan-Minehan Heart Center, Cardiology Division, Section on Hypertension, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Barbara A. Mahoney
- Department of Medicine, Corrigan-Minehan Heart Center, Cardiology Division, Section on Hypertension, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gregory L. Fricchione
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jeffery A. Dusek
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Integrative Health Research Center, Penny George Institute for Health and Healing, Allina Health, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Herbert Benson
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Randall M. Zusman
- Department of Medicine, Corrigan-Minehan Heart Center, Cardiology Division, Section on Hypertension, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Towia A. Libermann
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- BIDMC Genomics, Proteomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
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Veneri D, Gannotti M, Bertucco M, Fournier Hillman SE. Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health Model to Gain Perspective of the Benefits of Yoga in Stroke, Multiple Sclerosis, and Children to Inform Practice for Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Meta-Analysis. J Altern Complement Med 2018; 24:439-457. [DOI: 10.1089/acm.2017.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Veneri
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT
| | - Mary Gannotti
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT
| | - Matteo Bertucco
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Lander L, Chiasson-Downs K, Andrew M, Rader G, Dohar S, Waibogha K. Yoga as an Adjunctive Intervention to Medication-Assisted Treatment with Buprenorphine+Naloxone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 9:354. [PMID: 30820364 PMCID: PMC6390289 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective According to the CDC, 2.6 million people in the United States have an opioid use disorder and drug overdose is the leading cause of accidental death. Opioids are involved in 63% of overdose deaths. It is imperative that we identify evidence based treatments to stem the tide of this epidemic. This pilot study serves to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of Yoga as an adjunctive intervention for individuals with opioid use disorder in active medication-assisted treatment (MAT). Methods Participants (N=26) were recruited from a buprenorphine/naloxone MAT program to participate in this study. 13 participants engaged in a 12 week adjunctive yoga intervention while remaining in treatment as usual (TAU) MAT. 13 matched controls were recruited and remained in TAU MAT. Both groups were evaluated at baseline, 45 days and 90 days for changes in craving for opioids, treatment retention, relapse rates, sleep, and symptoms of anxiety and perceived stress. Results A two-way treatment by time analysis of variance was performed using a mixed effects model. The treatment by follow-up time interaction effect was significant for perceived stress (p=0.026) indicating that the yoga intervention had a larger effect than TAU (MAT). Changes in perceived stress decreased significantly over time in both the yoga intervention group and the TAU MAT matched control group. Conclusion This pilot study indicated strong evidence for Yoga being an effective adjunctive treatment to MAT TAU in reducing perceived stress. Further research with a larger population is needed to determine impact on other mental health symptoms and relapse and retention rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lander
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | | | - Michael Andrew
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, USA
| | - Gerald Rader
- School of Medicine West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - Sheena Dohar
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - Kimberly Waibogha
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
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Kramer D. Energetic Modalities as a Self-Care Technique to Reduce Stress in Nursing Students. J Holist Nurs 2017; 36:366-373. [PMID: 29205082 DOI: 10.1177/0898010117745436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the outcomes of nursing students taking a course in complementary and alternative therapies focusing on energetic modalities that were used as a means of self-care. Students kept journal logs and did a formal presentation for the class. Nursing students reported decreased stress and improved concentration, academic performance, productivity, and problem-solving while experiencing a greater appreciation of their clinical experiences. Using Therapeutic Touch and other subtle energy interactions, the students also cited improved interpersonal relationships, increased feelings of calmness, a higher degree of self-awareness and self-care, reduced physical pain, increased energy, and greater appreciation of the world around them. The theoretical framework was Margret Neuman's theory of health as expanding consciousness. While this is an elective nursing course, the nursing students were primarily juniors and seniors already taking clinical courses. A research study with a wide sample of student participants, especially freshmen, and using quantitative as well as qualitative measures would be beneficial to determine if such a course should be part of the standard nursing curriculum to not only expand nurses' understanding of complementary and alternative therapies but also to help students with their own self-care and influence their practice as clinicians.
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Arpaci I, Baloğlu M, Kesici Ş. A multi-group analysis of the effects of individual differences in mindfulness on nomophobia. INFORMATION DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0266666917745350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of individual differences in mindfulness on nomophobia. We developed and validated two structural models to identify the relationship between mindfulness and nomophobia. The ‘Nomophobia Questionnaire’ and the ‘Mindful Attention Awareness Scale’ were used to obtain data from the subjects. One-way MANOVA results suggested a statistically significant difference in nomophobia based on higher versus lower mindfulness. Further, a multi-group analysis was conducted to test the hypothesized relationships in the structural models for men and women. The results revealed that mindfulness had a significant negative correlation with nomophobia for both men and women. As scores in mindfulness increased, subjects exhibited less nomophobic tendencies. Further, those subjects who had lower scores in mindfulness showed higher anxiety when they were unable to communicate. However, subjects who scored higher in mindfulness showed lower anxiety when they could not access desired information. Independent sample t-test results were variant across men and women in nomophobia. Based on the findings we conclude that mindfulness based treatments can be beneficial in dealing with nomophobia for women.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND This is an updated version of the original Cochrane Review published in the Cochrane Library, Issue 5, 2015.Yoga may induce relaxation and stress reduction, and influence the electroencephalogram and the autonomic nervous system, thereby controlling seizures. Yoga would be an attractive therapeutic option for epilepsy if proved effective. OBJECTIVES To assess whether people with epilepsy treated with yoga:(a) have a greater probability of becoming seizure free;(b) have a significant reduction in the frequency or duration of seizures, or both; and(c) have a better quality of life. SEARCH METHODS For this update, we searched the Cochrane Epilepsy Group Specialized Register (3 January 2017), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2016, Issue 12) in the Cochrane Library (searched 3 January 2017), MEDLINE (Ovid, 1946 to 3 January 2017), SCOPUS (1823 to 3 January 2017), ClinicalTrials.gov (searched 3 January 2017), the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (searched 3 January 2017), and also registries of the Yoga Biomedical Trust and the Research Council for Complementary Medicine. In addition, we searched the references of all the identified studies. No language restrictions were imposed. SELECTION CRITERIA The following study designs were eligible for inclusion: randomised controlled trials (RCT) of treatment of epilepsy with yoga. The studies could be double-, single- or unblinded. Eligible participants were adults with uncontrolled epilepsy comparing yoga with no treatment or different behavioural treatments. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently assessed the trials for inclusion and extracted data. The following outcomes were assessed: (a) percentage of people rendered seizure free; (b) seizure frequency and duration; (c) quality of life. Analyses were on an intention-to-treat basis. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% Cls) were estimated for the outcomes. MAIN RESULTS We did not identify any new studies for this update, therefore the results are unchanged.For the previous version of the review, the authors found two unblinded trials in people with refractory epilepsy. In total these two studies included 50 people (18 treated with yoga and 32 to control interventions). Antiepileptic drugs were continued in all the participants. Baseline phase lasted three months in both studies and treatment phase from five weeks to six months in the two trials. Randomisation was by roll of a die in one study and using a computerised randomisation table in the other one but neither study provided details of concealment of allocation and were rated as unclear risk of bias. Overall, the two studies were rated as low risk of bias (all participants were included in the analysis; all expected and pre-expected outcomes were reported; no other sources of bias).The overall ORs with 95% CI were as follows: (i) seizure free for six months - for yoga versus sham yoga the OR was 14.54 (95% CI 0.67 to 316.69) and for yoga versus 'no treatment' group it was 17.31 (95% CI 0.80 to 373.45); for Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) versus yoga the OR was 1.00 (95% Cl 0.16 to 6.42); (ii) reduction in seizure frequency - the mean difference between yoga versus sham yoga group was -2.10 (95% CI -3.15 to -1.05) and for yoga versus 'no treatment' group it was -1.10 (95% CI -1.80 to -0.40); (iii) more than 50% reduction in seizure frequency - for yoga versus sham yoga group, OR was 81.00 (95% CI 4.36 to 1504.46) and for the yoga versus 'no treatment' group it was 158.33 (95% CI 5.78 to 4335.63); ACT versus yoga OR was 0.78 (95% Cl 0.04 to 14.75); (iv) more than 50% reduction in seizure duration - for yoga versus sham yoga group OR was 45.00 (95% CI 2.01 to 1006.75) and for yoga versus 'no treatment' group it was 53.57 (95% CI 2.42 to 1187.26); ACT versus yoga OR was 0.67 (95% Cl 0.10 to 4.35).In addition in Panjwani 1996 the authors reported that the one-way analysis of variance revealed no statistically significant differences between the three groups. A P-Lambda test taking into account the P values between the three groups also indicated that the duration of epilepsy in the three groups was not comparable. No data were available regarding quality of life. In Lundgren 2008 the authors reported that there was no significant difference between the yoga and ACT groups in seizure-free rates, 50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency or seizure duration at one-year follow-up. The yoga group showed significant improvement in their quality of life according to the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) (P < 0.05), while the ACT group had significant improvement in the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) scale (P < 0.01).Overall, we assessed the quality of evidence as low; no reliable conclusions can be drawn at present regarding the efficacy of yoga as a treatment for epilepsy. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS A study of 50 subjects with epilepsy from two trials reveals a possible beneficial effect in control of seizures. Results of the overall efficacy analysis show that yoga treatment was better when compared with no intervention or interventions other than yoga (postural exercises mimicking yoga). There was no difference between yoga and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. However no reliable conclusions can be drawn regarding the efficacy of yoga as a treatment for uncontrolled epilepsy, in view of methodological deficiencies such as limited number of studies, limited number of participants randomised to yoga, lack of blinding and limited data on quality-of-life outcome. Physician blinding would normally be taken to be the person delivering the intervention, whereas we think the 'physician' would in fact be the outcome assessor (who could be blinded), so that would be a reduction in detection bias rather than performance bias. In addition, evidence to inform outcomes is limited and of low quality. Further high-quality research is needed to fully evaluate the efficacy of yoga for refractory epilepsy.Since we did not find any new studies, our conclusions remain unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Panebianco
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of LiverpoolDepartment of Molecular and Clinical PharmacologyClinical Sciences Centre for Research and Education, Lower LaneLiverpoolUKL9 7LJ
| | - Kalpana Sridharan
- Child and Adolescent Care CentreDepartment of Pediatrics15 ParthasarathypuramT. NagarChennaiIndia600017
| | - Sridharan Ramaratnam
- The Nerve CentreDepartment of Neurology5/1 Rajachar StreetT NagarChennaiTamil NaduIndia600017
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Abstract
This article addresses the common women's health concerns of menopause-related symptoms, premenstrual syndrome, and chronic pelvic pain. Each can be effectively addressed with an integrative approach that incorporates interventions such as pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, mind-body approaches, acupuncture, and lifestyle modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Chiaramonte
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Center for Integrative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 520 West Lombard Street, East Hall, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Center for Integrative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 520 West Lombard Street, East Hall, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Melinda Ring
- Osher Center for Integrative Medicine at Northwestern University, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 150 East Huron Avenue, Suite 1100, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Amy B Locke
- Co-Director Resiliency Center, Office of Wellness and Integrative Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, 555 Foothill Boulevard, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Russell L, Orellana L, Ugalde A, Milne D, Krishnasamy M, Chambers R, Livingston PM. Exploring Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Associated With Meditation Among Patients With Melanoma. Integr Cancer Ther 2017. [PMID: 28627247 PMCID: PMC6041905 DOI: 10.1177/1534735417699514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To explore the knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with meditation among people with melanoma and investigate the relationship between perceived stress, trait mindfulness, and meditation. Factors associated with interest to participate in an online meditation program were also explored. Methods: A survey-based cross-sectional study of 291 patients attending a melanoma outpatient clinic assessed knowledge of meditation, attitudes toward meditation using Determinants of Meditation Practice Inventory (DMPI), and meditation experience. Perceived stress and trait mindfulness were measured using the Perceived Stressed Scale and Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale, respectively. Results: Participants who had tried meditation (43%) were likely to be younger, female, and have completed higher education or be employed. Perceived stress score was higher among women, younger participants, and those treated in the past year but did not differ by melanoma stage. Participants reported a good understanding of the potential benefits of meditation, but even among people with meditation experience, common misconceptions prevailed. The main barrier to meditation was a perceived lack of knowledge about meditation . Higher DMPI scores were associated with lower education, moderate to low access to service centers, or living in disadvantaged neighborhoods . Participants practicing meditation that involved self-reflection reported less stress and higher trait mindfulness compared with participants practicing another type of meditation. People interested in participating in an online meditation-based program reported higher perceived stress than those not interested. Conclusion: A meditation-based intervention teaching self-reflective practices, targeted at people with melanoma, may have the potential to assist them with managing their stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Ugalde
- 1 Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Donna Milne
- 2 Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne Victoria, Australia
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Chiesa A, Fazia T, Bernardinelli L, Morandi G. Citation patterns and trends of systematic reviews about mindfulness. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2017; 28:26-37. [PMID: 28779934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We performed a citation analysis of the literature about mindfulness aimed at describing the most significant topics and the impact of more relevant papers. METHODS We classified 128 systematic reviews about mindfulness-based intervention retrieved in Scopus according to their object, the population included and the type of mindfulness proposed. The citation counting was reported. The cumulative citation numbers per chronological years and article life were analyzed thorough a linear regression model. RESULTS 1) We observed a general increase in the number of reviews published from 2003 to 2016; 2) two reviews collected the 33% of the overall citations; 3) citation counting for clinical and mixed population collected the 90% of total citations; 4) clinical reviews had higher cumulative citation per publication/year growth. CONCLUSIONS As mindfulness research advances, higher attention should be given to the mechanisms by which mindfulness interventions work so as to provide fruitful insights for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Chiesa
- Istituto Mente e Corpo, Bologna, Italy; Associazione di Psicologia Cognitiva - Scuola di Psicoterapia Cognitiva, Roma, Italy
| | - Teresa Fazia
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Science, Medical and Genomic Statistics Unit, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Luisa Bernardinelli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Science, Medical and Genomic Statistics Unit, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Gabriella Morandi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Science, Medical and Genomic Statistics Unit, University of Pavia, Italy.
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40
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Krause N, Ironson G, Hill PC. Volunteer Work, Religious Commitment, and Resting Pulse Rates. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2017; 56:591-603. [PMID: 28028661 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-016-0347-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Research indicates that greater involvement in volunteer activities is associated with better health. We aim to contribute to this literature in two ways. First, rather than rely on self-reports of health, measured resting pulse rates serve as the dependent variable. Second, an effort is made to see if religious commitment moderates the relationship between volunteering and resting pulse rates. Data that come from a recent nationwide survey (N = 2265) suggest that volunteer work is associated with lower resting pulse rates. The results also reveal that the relationship between engaging in volunteer work and resting pulse rates improves among study participants who are more deeply committed to religion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal Krause
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA.
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41
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Sampaio CVS, Lima MG, Ladeia AM. Meditation, Health and Scientific Investigations: Review of the Literature. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2017; 56:411-427. [PMID: 26915053 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-016-0211-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of people are seeking health recovery treatments with a holistic approach to the human being. Meditation is a mental training capable of producing connection between the mind, body and spirit. Its practice helps people to achieve balance, relaxation and self-control, in addition to the development of consciousness. At present, meditation is classified as a complementary and integrative technique in the area of health. The purpose of this review of the literature was to describe what meditation is, its practices and effects on health, demonstrated by consistent scientific investigations. Recently, the advances in researches with meditation, the discovery of its potential as an instrument of self-regulation of the human body and its benefits to health have shown that it is a consistent alternative therapy when associated with conventional medical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Vieira Sanches Sampaio
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Bahia Foundation for the Development of Sciences, FBDC, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
- Centro Médico Iguatemi, Av. Tancredo Neves, 805-A, Sala 301, Caminho das Árvores, 41820-021, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Manuela Garcia Lima
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Bahia Foundation for the Development of Sciences, FBDC, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ana Marice Ladeia
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Bahia Foundation for the Development of Sciences, FBDC, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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42
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Kamradt JM. Integrating yoga into psychotherapy: The ethics of moving from the mind to the mat. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2017; 27:27-30. [PMID: 28438276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Given the rise in attention to client preferences in medical treatment and the shift in focus toward health promotion, it is not surprising that the use of complementary health approaches have increased in the past several years. Yoga is among the most prominent complementary health approaches. Recently, both qualitative and quantitative work has emerged supporting its use for a variety of medical and psychological disorders. However, there is a critical gap in knowledge regarding how to most optimally and ethically integrate complementary therapies (i.e., yoga) into current psychology practices. Moreover, it remains unclear which clients are the best candidates for receiving such complementary treatments and which therapists should provide them. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the history of yoga, the scientific evidence in support of its use for mental health issues, and an ethical framework to guide psychologists interested in integrating yoga into psychotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn M Kamradt
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 11 Seashore Hall E, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
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43
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Cramer H, Hall H, Leach M, Frawley J, Zhang Y, Leung B, Adams J, Lauche R. Prevalence, patterns, and predictors of meditation use among US adults: A nationally representative survey. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36760. [PMID: 27829670 PMCID: PMC5103185 DOI: 10.1038/srep36760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests substantial health benefits from using meditation. While there are some indications that the popularity of meditation is increasing, little is known about the prevalence, patterns, and predictors of meditation use in the general population. In this secondary analysis of data from the 2012 US National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) (n = 34,525), lifetime and 12-month prevalence of meditation use were 5.2% and 4.1%, respectively. Compared to non-users, those who had used meditation in the past 12 months were more likely to be 40-64 years, female, non-Hispanic White, living in the West, at least college-educated, not in a relationship, diagnosed with one or more chronic conditions, smoking, consuming alcohol and physically active. Meditation was mainly used for general wellness (76.2%), improving energy (60.0%), and aiding memory or concentration (50.0%). Anxiety (29.2%), stress (21.6%), and depression (17.8%) were the top health problems for which people used meditation; 63.6% reported that meditation had helped a great deal with these conditions. Only 34.8% disclosed their use of meditation with a health provider. These findings indicate that about 9.3 million US adults have used meditation in the past 12 months; and that mental health problems were the most important reason for meditation use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Cramer
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Helen Hall
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Frankston, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew Leach
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Jane Frawley
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yan Zhang
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Brenda Leung
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jon Adams
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Romy Lauche
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Abstract
Meditation has become popular in many Western nations, especially the USA. An increasing body of research shows various health benefits associated with meditation and these findings have sparked interest in the field of medicine. The practice of meditation originated in the ancient Vedic times of India and is described in the ancient Vedic texts. Meditation is one of the modalities used in Ayurveda (Science of Life), the comprehensive, natural health care system that originated in the ancient Vedic times of India. The term “meditation” is now loosely used to refer to a large number of diverse techniques. According to Vedic science, the true purpose of meditation is to connect oneself to one's deep inner Self. Techniques which achieve that goal serve the true purpose of meditation. Neurological and physiological correlates of meditation have been investigated previously. This article describes the process of meditation at a more fundamental level and aims to shed light on the deeper underlying mechanism of the beneficial effects associated with meditation. Research on the effects of meditation is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Sharma
- Center for Integrative Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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45
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Breathing to younger skin: 'reversing the molecular mechanism of skin aging with yoga'. Future Sci OA 2016; 2:FSO122. [PMID: 28031969 PMCID: PMC5137887 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2016-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Psaros C, Kagan L, Shifren JL, Willett J, Jacquart J, Alert MD, Macklin EA, Styer AK, Denninger JW, LaRoche KL, Park ER. Mind-body group treatment for women coping with infertility: a pilot study. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2016; 36:75-83. [PMID: 25541217 DOI: 10.3109/0167482x.2014.989983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the feasibility of a 10-week mind-body intervention (MBI) for women coping with fertility challenges, examine the impact of an MBI on psychological distress and cortisol levels, and assess adherence to MBI skills 12-months after completion of the intervention. DESIGN Prospective open pilot study of 51 women with infertility enrolled in a group MBI. Psychological variables and salivary cortisol levels were obtained pre- and post-intervention; a 12-month follow-up survey assessed MBI skill adherence. Participants completed practice logs throughout the intervention. RESULTS Participants attended an average of eight sessions (SD = 2.0), and practiced mind-body techniques which elicited the relaxation response (RR) an average of 5.9 (SD = 0.8) days/week and 20.1 (SD = 9.9) min/day; 80% completed the post-treatment assessment. The intervention resulted in a significant increase in perceived social support and a decrease in depressive symptoms and perceived stress; however, there were no significant changes in cortisol levels. Sixty-eight percent of the participants completed the 12-month follow-up, with 51% reporting continuation of RR-eliciting practice. CONCLUSION This group of women with infertility provided with an MBI showed decreased symptoms of depression and stress and increased perceived social support. The protocol was feasible and participants reported a high degree of adherence and maintenance to the skills taught during the intervention. The findings indicate the value of appropriate evaluation against a control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Psaros
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA , USA
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47
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Biomarkers of Resilience in Stress Reduction for Caregivers of Alzheimer's Patients. Neuromolecular Med 2016; 18:177-89. [PMID: 26984114 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-016-8388-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Caregiving for a dementia patient is associated with increased risk of psychological and physical health problems. We investigated whether a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training course for caregivers that closely models the MBSR curriculum originally established by the Center of Mindfulness at the University of Massachusetts may improve the psychological resilience of non-professional caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients. Twenty adult non-professional caregivers of dementia patients participated in an 8-week MBSR training course. Caregiver stress, depression, burden, grief, and gene expression profiles of blood mononuclear cells were assessed at baseline and following MBSR. MBSR training significantly improved the psychological resilience of some of the caregivers. We identified predictive biomarkers whose expression is associated with the likelihood of caregivers to benefit from MBSR, and biomarkers whose expression is associated with MBSR psychological benefits. Our biomarker studies provide insight into the mechanisms of health benefits of MBSR and a basis for developing a personalized medicine approach for applying MBSR for promoting psychological and cognitive resilience in caregivers of dementia patients.
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Hanley AW, Abell N, Osborn DS, Roehrig AD, Canto AI. Mind the Gaps: Are Conclusions About Mindfulness Entirely Conclusive? JOURNAL OF COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam W. Hanley
- Educational Psychology and Learning Systems; Florida State University
| | - Neil Abell
- College of Social Work; Florida State University
| | - Debra S. Osborn
- Educational Psychology and Learning Systems; Florida State University
| | - Alysia D. Roehrig
- Educational Psychology and Learning Systems; Florida State University
| | - Angela I. Canto
- Educational Psychology and Learning Systems; Florida State University
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Weaver LL, Darragh AR. Systematic Review of Yoga Interventions for Anxiety Reduction Among Children and Adolescents. Am J Occup Ther 2015; 69:6906180070p1-9. [DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2015.020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychological disorders among children and youths. There is growing interest in intervention options for anxiety. Yoga is widely used in clinical, school, and community settings, but consolidated sources outlining its effectiveness in reducing anxiety are limited.
METHOD. This systematic review examined the evidence base (1990–2014) for yoga interventions addressing anxiety among children and adolescents (ages 3–18 yr).
RESULTS. We identified 2,147 references and found 80 articles that were eligible for full-text review. The final analysis included 16: 6 randomized controlled trials, 2 nonrandomized preintervention–postintervention control-group designs, 7 uncontrolled preintervention–postintervention studies, and 1 case study.
CONCLUSION. Nearly all studies indicated reduced anxiety after a yoga intervention. However, because of the wide variety of study populations, limitations in some study designs, and variable outcome measures, further research is needed to enhance the ability to generalize and apply yoga to reduce anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindy L. Weaver
- Lindy L. Weaver, PhD, OTR/L, is Clinical Faculty Lecturer, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus;
| | - Amy R. Darragh
- Amy R. Darragh, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Associate Professor, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus.
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50
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Abstract
BACKGROUND This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2002.Yoga may induce relaxation and stress reduction, and influence the electroencephalogram and the autonomic nervous system, thereby controlling seizures. Yoga would be an attractive therapeutic option for epilepsy if proved effective. OBJECTIVES To assess whether people with epilepsy treated with yoga:(a) have a greater probability of becoming seizure free;(b) have a significant reduction in the frequency or duration of seizures, or both; and(c) have a better quality of life. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Epilepsy Group Specialized Register (26 March 2015), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library, 26 March 2015), MEDLINE (Ovid, 1946 to 26 March 2015), SCOPUS (1823 to 9 January 2014), ClinicalTrials.gov (26 March 2015), the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform ICTRP (26 March 2015), and also registries of the Yoga Biomedical Trust and the Research Council for Complementary Medicine. In addition, we searched the references of all the identified studies. No language restrictions were imposed. SELECTION CRITERIA The following study designs were eligible for inclusion: randomised controlled trials (RCT) of treatment of epilepsy with yoga. Eligible participants were adults with uncontrolled epilepsy comparing yoga with no treatment or different behavioural treatments. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Three review authors independently selected trials for inclusion and extracted data. The following outcomes were assessed: (a) percentage of people rendered seizure free; (b) seizure frequency and duration; (c) quality of life. Analyses were on an intention-to-treat basis. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% Cl) were estimated for the outcomes. MAIN RESULTS Two unblinded trials recruited a total of 50 people (18 treated with yoga and 32 to control interventions). Antiepileptic drugs were continued in all the participants. Baseline phase lasted 3 months in both studies and treatment phase from 5 weeks to 6 months in the two trials. Randomisation was by roll of a die in one study and using a computerised randomisation table in the other one but neither study provided details of concealment of allocation and were rated as unclear risk of bias. Overall, the two studies were rated as low risk of bias (all participants were included in the analysis; all expected and pre-expected outcomes were reported; no other sources of bias). The overall OR with 95% confidence interval (CI) was: (i) seizure free for six months - for yoga versus sham yoga ORs of 14.54 (95% CI 0.67 to 316.69) and for yoga versus no treatment group 17.31 (95% CI 0.80 to 373.45); for Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) versus yoga ORs of 1.00 (95% Cl 0.16 to 6.42; (ii) reduction in seizure frequency - the Mean Difference between yoga versus sham yoga group was -2.10 (95% CI -3.15 to -1.05) and for yoga versus no treatment group -1.10 (95% CI -1.80 to -0.40); (iii) more than 50% reduction in seizure frequency - for yoga versus sham yoga group ORs of 81.00 (95% CI 4.36 to 1504.46) and for the yoga versus no treatment group 158.33 (95% CI 5.78 to 4335.63); ACT versus yoga ORs of 0.78 (95% Cl 0.04 to 14.75); (iv) more than 50% reduction in seizure duration - for yoga versus sham yoga group ORs of 45.00 (95% CI 2.01 to 1006.75) and for yoga versus no treatment group 53.57 (95% CI 2.42 to 1187.26); ACT versus yoga ORs of 0.67 (95% Cl 0.10 to 4.35). In addition in Panjwani 1996 the authors reported that the one-way analysis of variance revealed no statistically significant differences between the three groups. A P-Lambda test taking into account the P values between the three groups also indicated that the duration of epilepsy in the three groups was not comparable. No data were available regarding quality of life. In Lundgren 2008 the authors reported that there was no significant difference between the yoga and ACT groups in seizure free rates, 50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency or seizure duration at one year follow-up. The yoga group showed significant improvement in their quality of life according to the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) (P < 0.05), while the ACT group had significant improvement in the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) scale (P < 0.01). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Study of 50 subjects with epilepsy from two trials reveals possible beneficial effect in control of seizures. Results of the overall efficacy analysis show that yoga treatment was better when compared with no intervention or interventions other than yoga (postural exercises mimicking yoga). There was no difference between yoga and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. However no reliable conclusions can be drawn regarding the efficacy of yoga as a treatment for uncontrolled epilepsy, in view of methodological deficiencies such as limited number of studies, limited number of participants randomised to yoga, lack of blinding and limited data on quality-of-life outcome. Physician blinding would normally be taken to be the person delivering the intervention, whereas we think the 'physician' would in fact be the outcome assessor (who could be blinded), so that would be a reduction in detection bias rather than performance bias. In addition, evidence to inform outcomes is limited and of low quality. Further high-quality research is needed to fully evaluate the efficacy of yoga for refractory epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Panebianco
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Clinical Sciences Centre for Research and Education, Lower Lane, Liverpool, UK, L9 7LJ
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