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Abdullah NA, Md Hashim NF, Muhamad Zakuan N, Chua JX. Thioredoxin system in colorectal cancer: Its role in carcinogenesis, disease progression, and response to treatment. Life Sci 2024; 348:122711. [PMID: 38734065 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The thioredoxin system is essential for many physiological processes, including the maintenance of redox signalling pathways. Alterations in the activity, expression and interactions with other signalling pathways can lead to protective or pathophysiological responses. Thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase, the two main components of this system, are often overexpressed in cancer, including colorectal cancer. This overexpression is often linked with tumour progression and poor outcomes. This review discusses the role of the Trx system in driving colorectal carcinogenesis and disease progression, as well as the challenges of targeting this system. Additionally, the recent advancements in the development of novel and effective thioredoxin inhibitors for colorectal cancer are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Akmaryanti Abdullah
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Nur Fariesha Md Hashim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Noraina Muhamad Zakuan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Jia Xin Chua
- Department of Pre-clinical Sciences, University Tunku Abdul Rahman, 43000, Selangor, Malaysia.
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2
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Sarg NH, Zaher DM, Abu Jayab NN, Mostafa SH, Ismail HH, Omar HA. The interplay of p38 MAPK signaling and mitochondrial metabolism, a dynamic target in cancer and pathological contexts. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116307. [PMID: 38797269 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular metabolism and bioenergetics, orchestrating various cellular processes, including energy production, metabolism, adaptation to stress, and redox balance. Besides, mitochondria regulate cellular metabolic homeostasis through coordination with multiple signaling pathways. Importantly, the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is a key player in the intricate communication with mitochondria, influencing various functions. This review explores the multifaced interaction between the mitochondria and p38 MAPK signaling and the consequent impact on metabolic alterations. Overall, the p38 MAPK pathway governs the activities of key mitochondrial proteins, which are involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, thermogenesis, and iron homeostasis. Additionally, p38 MAPK contributes to the regulation of mitochondrial responses to oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by cancer therapies or natural substances by coordinating with other pathways responsible for energy homeostasis. Therefore, dysregulation of these interconnected pathways can lead to various pathologies characterized by aberrant metabolism. Consequently, gaining a deeper understanding of the interaction between mitochondria and the p38 MAPK pathway and their implications presents exciting forecasts for novel therapeutic interventions in cancer and other disorders characterized by metabolic dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadin H Sarg
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dana M Zaher
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nour N Abu Jayab
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salma H Mostafa
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hussein H Ismail
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hany A Omar
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
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3
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Rondon R, Valdés C, Cosseau C, Bergami E, Cárdenas CA, Balbi T, Pérez-Toledo C, Garrido I, Perrois G, Chaparro C, Corre E, Corsi I, González-Aravena M. Transcriptomic responses of Antarctic clam Laternula elliptica to nanoparticles, at single and combined exposures reveal ecologically relevant biomarkers. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116523. [PMID: 38850707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
In recent years micro- and nanoplastics and metal-oxide nanomaterials have been found in several environmental compartments. The Antarctic soft clam Laternula elliptica is an endemic Antarctic species having a wide distribution in the Southern Ocean. Being a filter-feeder, it could act as suitable bioindicator of pollution from nanoparticles also considering its sensitivity to various sources of stress. The present study aims to assess the impact of polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NP) and the nanometal titanium-dioxide (n-TiO2) on genome-wide transcript expression of L. elliptica either alone and in combination and at two toxicological relevant concentrations (5 and 50 µg/L) during 96 h exposure. Transcript-target qRT-PCR was performed with the aim to identify suitable biomarkers of exposure and effects. As expected, at the highest concentration tested, the clustering was clearer between control and exposed clams. A total of 221 genes resulted differentially expressed in exposed clams and control ones, and 21 of them had functional annotation such as ribosomal proteins, antioxidant, ion transport (osmoregulation), acid-base balance, immunity, lipid metabolism, cell adhesion, cytoskeleton, apoptosis, chromatin condensation and cell signaling. At functional level, relevant transcripts were shared among some treatments and could be considered as general stress due to nanoparticle exposure. After applying transcript-target approach duplicating the number of clam samples, four ecologically relevant transcripts were revealed as biomarkers for PS-NP, n-TiO2 and their combination at 50 µg/L, that could be used for monitoring clams' health status in different Antarctic localities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Rondon
- Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile.
| | - Catalina Valdés
- Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Céline Cosseau
- IHPE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France
| | - Elisa Bergami
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - César Antonio Cárdenas
- Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile; Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems, Modena, Chile
| | - Teresa Balbi
- Department of Earth Environment & Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Ignacio Garrido
- Centro de Investigaciones Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes, Valdivia, Chile; Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Garance Perrois
- Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile; Tropical & Subtropical Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Jeju 63349, the Republic of Korea
| | - Cristian Chaparro
- IHPE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France
| | - Erwan Corre
- Faculté de Sciences, CNRS, FR 2424 CNRS, ABIMS, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Université Sorbonne, Roscoff, France
| | - Ilaria Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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4
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Bradford HF, McDonnell TCR, Stewart A, Skelton A, Ng J, Baig Z, Fraternali F, Dunn-Walters D, Isenberg DA, Khan AR, Mauro C, Mauri C. Thioredoxin is a metabolic rheostat controlling regulatory B cells. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:873-885. [PMID: 38553615 PMCID: PMC11065695 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01798-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic programming is important for B cell fate, but the bioenergetic requirement for regulatory B (Breg) cell differentiation and function is unknown. Here we show that Breg cell differentiation, unlike non-Breg cells, relies on mitochondrial electron transport and homeostatic levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed that TXN, encoding the metabolic redox protein thioredoxin (Trx), is highly expressed by Breg cells, unlike Trx inhibitor TXNIP which was downregulated. Pharmacological inhibition or gene silencing of TXN resulted in mitochondrial membrane depolarization and increased ROS levels, selectively suppressing Breg cell differentiation and function while favoring pro-inflammatory B cell differentiation. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), characterized by Breg cell deficiencies, present with B cell mitochondrial membrane depolarization, elevated ROS and fewer Trx+ B cells. Exogenous Trx stimulation restored Breg cells and mitochondrial membrane polarization in SLE B cells to healthy B cell levels, indicating Trx insufficiency underlies Breg cell impairment in patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah F Bradford
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Pears Building, UCL Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK.
| | | | - Alexander Stewart
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | | | - Joseph Ng
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Zara Baig
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Pears Building, UCL Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Franca Fraternali
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - David A Isenberg
- Centre for Rheumatology, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Claudio Mauro
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Claudia Mauri
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Pears Building, UCL Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK.
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Mahesutihan M, Yan J, Midilibieke H, Yu L, Dawulin R, Yang WX, Wulasihan M. Role of cyclophilin A in aggravation of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury via regulation of apoptosis mediated by thioredoxin-interacting protein. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024:CH242142. [PMID: 38669522 DOI: 10.3233/ch-242142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The progression and persistence of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI) are strongly linked to local inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Cyclophilin A (CypA), a pro-inflammatory factor, is involved in various cardiovascular diseases. However, the role and mechanism of action of CypA in MI/RI are still not fully understood. METHODS We used the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for bioinformatic analysis. We collected blood samples from patients and controls for detecting the levels of serum CypA using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. We then developed a myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury model in wild-type (WT) mice and Ppia-/- mice. We utilized echocardiography, hemodynamic measurements, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining to determine the role of CypA in myocardial I/R injury. Finally, we conducted an in vitrostudy, cell transfection, flow cytometry, RNA interference, and a co-immunoprecipitation assay to clarify the mechanism of CypA in aggravating cardiomyocyte apoptosis. RESULTS We found that CypA inhibited TXNIP degradation to enhance oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis during MI/RI. By comparing and analyzing CypA expression in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease and in healthy controls, we found that CypA was upregulated in patients with Coronary Atmospheric Heart Disease, and its expression was positively correlated with Gensini scores. In addition, CypA deficiency decreased cytokine expression, oxidative stress, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in I/R-treated mice, eventually alleviating cardiac dysfunction. CypA knockdown also reduced H2O2-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells. Mechanistically, we found that CypA inhibited K48-linked ubiquitination mediated by atrophin-interacting protein 4 (AIP4) and proteasomal degradation of TXNIP, a thioredoxin-binding protein that mediates oxidative stress and induces apoptosis. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the critical role CypA plays in myocardial injury caused by oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, indicating that CypA can be a viable biomarker and a therapeutic target candidate for MI/RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madina Mahesutihan
- Department of Integrated Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ju Yan
- Department of Integrated Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hasidaer Midilibieke
- Department of Integrated Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Integrated Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Reyizha Dawulin
- Department of Integrated Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Wen-Xian Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Muhuyati Wulasihan
- Department of Integrated Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Li J, Liu C, Wang S, Mao X. Staphylococcus aureus enters viable-but-nonculturable state in response to chitooligosaccharide stress by altering metabolic pattern and transmembrane transport function. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 330:121772. [PMID: 38368090 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Although chitooligosaccharide (COS) has attracted the attention of some researchers due to its good solubility and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, our study found that Staphylococcus aureus treated with low concentration of COS actively entered the viable-but-nonculturable (VBNC) state to resist this environmental stress. In this study, the transcriptome of VBNC-state S. aureus after COS treatment was analyzed by RNA-sequencing. Compared with the control group, pathway enrichment analysis showed that COS-treated S. aureus adopted a series of adaptive adjustment strategies for survival, including significant up-regulation of the differential genes' expression of such as ABC transporters (metI, tagG), Sec dependent transport pathway (secDF), peptidoglycan synthesis pathway (murG) and alteration of their physiological metabolic patterns, where ATP depletion played a key role in the formation of the VBNC-state S. aureus. Further, by using oxidative phosphorylation uncoupling agent to adjust the initial level of ATP in S. aureus, it was found that the reduction of intracellular ATP level could accelerate the formation of VBNC state. Overall, our results preliminarily elucidated the molecular mechanism of COS inducing the VBNC-state S. aureus. It provided an important theoretical reference for further achieving effective bacterial inactivation by COS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Chunhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Sai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, PR China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China.
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Hu Y, Zhu Y, Shi J, Wei X, Tang C, Guan X, Zhang W. Plasma Thioredoxin Reductase as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2024:S1526-8209(24)00081-8. [PMID: 38616444 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis of breast cancer is critical to the treatment and prognosis of breast cancer patients. Our aim is to explore more practical and effective diagnostic methods to facilitate early treatment and improve prognosis for breast cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Mann-Whitney U test, receiver operating characteristic curve, Youden index, Chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test were used to determine whether plasma thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) could be used for the clinical diagnosis of breast cancer. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to validate the prognostic potential of plasma TrxR activity assessment. RESULTS A total of 761 patients were included, including 537 cases of breast cancer and 224 cases of benign breast diseases. Plasma TrxR activity in the breast cancer group [8.0 (6.0, 9.45) U/mL] was significantly higher than that in the benign group [3.05 (1.20, 6.275) U/mL]. The diagnostic efficiency of TrxR for breast cancer was higher than that of other conventional breast cancer biomarkers, with an area under the curve of 0.821 (95% CI = 0.791-0.852). In addition, TrxR can be used in combination with conventional tumor markers to further improve the diagnostic efficiency. The optimal TrxR threshold for identifying benign and malignant diseases is 7.45 U/mL. We detected plasma TrxR activity and serum tumor markers before and after antitumor therapies in 333 breast cancer patients and found that their trends were basically the same, with a significant decrease in plasma TrxR activity after treatment. CONCLUSION Plasma TrxR activity can be used as a suitable biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis and efficacy assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Hu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yinxing Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowei Wei
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cuiju Tang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Shcholok T, Eftekharpour E. Insights into the Multifaceted Roles of Thioredoxin-1 System: Exploring Knockout Murine Models. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:180. [PMID: 38534450 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Redox balance is increasingly identified as a major player in cellular signaling. A fundamentally simple reaction of oxidation and reduction of cysteine residues in cellular proteins is the central concept in this complex regulatory mode of protein function. Oxidation of key cysteine residues occurs at the physiological levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but they are reduced by a supply of thiol antioxidant molecules including glutathione, glutaredoxin, and thioredoxin. While these molecules show complex compensatory roles in experimental conditions, transgenic animal models provide a comprehensive picture to pinpoint the role of each antioxidant. In this review, we have specifically focused on the available literature on thioredoxin-1 system transgenic models that include thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase proteins. As the identification of thioredoxin protein targets is technically challenging, the true contribution of this system in maintaining cellular balance remains unidentified, including the role of this system in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Shcholok
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, 631-BMSB, 745 Bannatyne Ave, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Eftekhar Eftekharpour
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, 631-BMSB, 745 Bannatyne Ave, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
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Kamoun H, Feki K, Tounsi S, Jrad O, Brini F. The thioredoxin h-type TdTrxh2 protein of durum wheat confers abiotic stress tolerance of the transformant Arabidopsis plants through its protective role and the regulation of redox homoeostasis. PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:317-331. [PMID: 37837550 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01899-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
The thioredoxins (Trxs) are ubiquitous and they play a crucial role in various biological processes like growth and stress response. Although the functions of Trxs proteins are described in several previous reports, the function of the isoform Trxh2 of durum wheat (Triticum durum L.), designated as TdTrxh2, in abiotic stress response still unknown. Thus, we aimed in this study the functional characterization of TdTrxh2 through its expression in yeast cells and Arabidopsis plants. Sequence analysis revealed that TdTrxh2 protein shared the conserved redox site with the other Trxh from other plant species. Under various abiotic stresses, TdTrxh2 was up-regulated in leaves and roots of durum wheat. Interestingly, we demonstrated that TdTrxh2 exhibit protective effect on LDH activity against various treatments. Besides, the expression of TdTrxh2 in yeast cells conferred their tolerance to multiple stresses. Moreover, transgenic Arabidopsis expressing TdTrxh2 showed tolerance phenotype to several abiotic stresses. This tolerance was illustrated by high rate of proline accumulation, root proliferation, low accumulation of reactive oxygen species like H2O2 and O2·-, and high antioxidant CAT and POD enzymes activities. All these findings suggested that TdTrxh2 promotes abiotic stress tolerance through the redox homoeostasis regulation and its protective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanen Kamoun
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), BP1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Kaouthar Feki
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), BP1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sana Tounsi
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), BP1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Jrad
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), BP1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Faiçal Brini
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), BP1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
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10
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Ahn YJ, Wang L, Kim S, Eber MR, Salerno AG, Asmis R. Macrophage-restricted overexpression of glutaredoxin 1 protects against atherosclerosis by preventing nutrient stress-induced macrophage dysfunction and reprogramming. Atherosclerosis 2023; 387:117383. [PMID: 38061313 PMCID: PMC10872283 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Deficiency in the thiol transferase glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1) in aging mice promotes, in a sexually dimorphic manner, dysregulation of macrophages and atherogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms are not known. Here we tested the hypothesis that macrophage-restricted overexpression of Grx1 protects atherosclerosis-prone mice against macrophage reprogramming and dysfunction induced by a high-calorie diet (HCD) and thereby reduces the severity of atherosclerosis. METHODS We generated lentiviral vectors carrying cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) promoter-driven enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) or Grx1 constructs and conducted bone marrow (BM) transplantation studies to overexpress Grx1 in a macrophage-specific manner in male and female atherosclerosis-prone LDLR-/- mice, and fed these mice a HCD to induce atherogenesis. Atherosclerotic lesion size was determined in both the aortic root and the aorta. We isolated BM-derived macrophages (BMDM) to assess protein S-glutathionylation levels and loss of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) activity as measures of HCD-induced thiol oxidative stress. We also conducted gene profiling on these BMDM to determine the impact of Grx1 activity on HCD-induced macrophage reprogramming. RESULTS Overexpression of Grx1 protected macrophages against HCD-induced protein S-glutathionylation, reduced monocyte chemotaxis in vivo, limited macrophage recruitment into atherosclerotic lesions, and was sufficient to reduce the severity of atherogenesis in both male and female mice. Gene profiling revealed major sex differences in the transcriptional reprogramming of macrophages induced by HCD feeding, but Grx1 overexpression only partially reversed HCD-induced transcriptional reprogramming of macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Macrophage Grx1 plays a major role in protecting mice atherosclerosis mainly by maintaining the thiol redox state of the macrophage proteome and preventing macrophage dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Joo Ahn
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, School of Convergence Science and Technology, Medical Science and Engineering Program, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), South Korea
| | - Luxi Wang
- Department of Physiology of the School of Basic Medical Science at Zhejiang University, China
| | - Seonwook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA
| | - Matthew R Eber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA
| | | | - Reto Asmis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA.
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11
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Jaksch D, Irnstorfer J, Kalman PF, Martinez J. Thioredoxin regulates the redox state and the activity of the human tRNA ligase complex. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 29:1856-1869. [PMID: 37648453 PMCID: PMC10653391 DOI: 10.1261/rna.079732.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian tRNA ligase complex (tRNA-LC) catalyzes the splicing of intron-containing pre-tRNAs in the nucleus and the splicing of XBP1 mRNA during the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the cytoplasm. We recently reported that the tRNA-LC coevolved with PYROXD1, an essential oxidoreductase that protects the catalytic cysteine of RTCB, the catalytic subunit of the tRNA-LC, against aerobic oxidation. In this study, we show that the oxidoreductase Thioredoxin (TRX) preserves the enzymatic activity of RTCB under otherwise inhibiting concentrations of oxidants. TRX physically interacts with oxidized RTCB, and reduces and reactivates RTCB through the action of its redox-active cysteine pair. We further show that TRX interacts with RTCB at late stages of UPR. Since the interaction requires oxidative conditions, our findings suggest that prolonged UPR generates reactive oxygen species. Thus, our results support a functional role for TRX in securing and repairing the active site of the tRNA-LC, thereby allowing pre-tRNA splicing and UPR to occur when cells encounter mild, but still inhibitory levels of reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaarsini Jaksch
- Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Biocenter PhD Program, a Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johanna Irnstorfer
- Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra-Franziska Kalman
- Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Javier Martinez
- Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
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Li X, He S, Luo B, Li P, Chen X, Wu M, Song C, Liu C, Yang T, Zhang X, Yang X, Hu J. Engineered Extracellular Vesicles to Enhance Antigen Presentation for Boosting Light-Driven Tumor Immunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303541. [PMID: 37608451 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as potential tools for tumor-target therapy accompanied with activating anticancer immune responses by serving as an integrated platform, but usually suffered from the limited cross presentation of tumor-associated antigen by dendritic cells (DCs). Here, a straightforward engineering strategy to construct heat shock proteins 70 (HSP70) highly expressed EVs incapsulated with Te nanoparticles (Te@EVsHSP70 ) for tumor photothermal therapy triggering improved immunotherapy is proposed. Tumor cells are firstly used as bioreactors for intracellular synthesis of Te nanoparticles, and NIR irradiation is subsequently introduced to upregulate the expression of HSP70 to give engineered Te@EVsHSP70 through exocytosis. Te@EVsHSP70 exhibits excellent photothermal performance and enhanced tumor antigen capture capability, which induces significant immunogenic death of tumor cells and improves DCs maturation both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, the engineered EVs demonstrate superior antitumor efficacy through photothermal effect and following provoked antitumor immune responses. This work provides a facile method to fabricate multifunctional EVs-based drug delivery system for improving photothermal-triggered tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shuaicheng He
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ban Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wenchang People's Hospital, Haikou, 571321, China
| | - Puze Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xue Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Meichan Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Cheng Song
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chao Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Tian Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jun Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, 430200, China
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Kansal H, Chopra V, Garg K, Sharma S. Role of thioredoxin in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a promising future target. Respir Res 2023; 24:295. [PMID: 38001457 PMCID: PMC10668376 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02574-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thioredoxin (Trx) is a secretory protein that acts as an antioxidant, redox regulator, anti-allergic, and anti-inflammatory molecule. It has been used to treat dermatitis and inflammation of the digestive tract. In the lungs, Trx has a significant anti-inflammatory impact. On the other hand, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the significant causes of death in the developed world, with a tremendous individual and socioeconomic impact. Despite new initiatives and endless treatment trials, COPD incidence and death will likely escalate in the coming decades. AREAS COVERED COPD is a chronic inflammatory disease impacting the airways, lung parenchyma, and pulmonary vasculature. Oxidative stress and protease-antiprotease imbalances are thought to be involved in the process. The most popular respiratory inflammatory and allergic disorders therapies are corticosteroids and β-receptor agonists. These medications are helpful but have some drawbacks, such as infection and immunosuppression; thus, addressing Trx signalling treatments may be a viable COPD treatment approach. This review shall cover the pathophysiology of COPD, the pharmacognosy of anti-COPD drugs, including the assets and liabilities of each, and the role and mechanism of Trx in COPD treatment. EXPERT OPINION Limited research has targeted the thioredoxin system as an anti-COPD drug. Spectating the increase in the mortality rates of COPD, this review article would be an interesting one to research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Kansal
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Vishal Chopra
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Government Medical College, Patiala, India
| | - Kranti Garg
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Government Medical College, Patiala, India
| | - Siddharth Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India.
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Dogaru CB, Duță C, Muscurel C, Stoian I. "Alphabet" Selenoproteins: Implications in Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15344. [PMID: 37895024 PMCID: PMC10607139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenoproteins are a group of proteins containing selenium in the form of selenocysteine (Sec, U) as the 21st amino acid coded in the genetic code. Their synthesis depends on dietary selenium uptake and a common set of cofactors. Selenoproteins accomplish diverse roles in the body and cell processes by acting, for example, as antioxidants, modulators of the immune function, and detoxification agents for heavy metals, other xenobiotics, and key compounds in thyroid hormone metabolism. Although the functions of all this protein family are still unknown, several disorders in their structure, activity, or expression have been described by researchers. They concluded that selenium or cofactors deficiency, on the one hand, or the polymorphism in selenoproteins genes and synthesis, on the other hand, are involved in a large variety of pathological conditions, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular, muscular, oncological, hepatic, endocrine, immuno-inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. This review focuses on the specific roles of selenoproteins named after letters of the alphabet in medicine, which are less known than the rest, regarding their implications in the pathological processes of several prevalent diseases and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Corina Muscurel
- Department of Biochemistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania (I.S.)
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Alshehri S, Ahmad SF, Albekairi NA, Alqarni SS, Al-Harbi NO, Al-Ayadhi LY, Attia SM, Alfardan AS, Bakheet SA, Nadeem A. Thioredoxin 1 and Thioredoxin Reductase 1 Redox System Is Dysregulated in Neutrophils of Subjects with Autism: In Vitro Effects of Environmental Toxicant, Methylmercury. TOXICS 2023; 11:739. [PMID: 37755749 PMCID: PMC10536321 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex developmental disorder in children that results in abnormal communicative and verbal behaviors. Exposure to heavy metals plays a significant role in the pathogenesis or progression of ASD. Mercury compounds pose significant risk for the development of ASD as children are more exposed to environmental toxicants. Increased concentration of mercury compounds has been detected in different body fluids/tissues in ASD children, which suggests an association between mercury exposure and ASD. Thioredoxin1 (Trx1) and thioredoxin reductase1 (TrxR1) redox system plays a crucial role in detoxification of oxidants generated in different immune cells. However, the effect of methylmercury and the Nrf2 activator sulforaphane on the Trx1/TrxR1 antioxidant system in neutrophils of ASD subjects has not been studied previously. Therefore, this study examined the effect of methylmercury on Trx1/TrxR1 expression, TrxR activity, nitrotyrosine, and ROS in neutrophils of ASD and TDC subjects. Our study shows that Trx1/TrxR1 protein expression is dysregulated in ASD subjects as compared to the TDC group. Further, methylmercury treatment significantly inhibits the activity of TrxR in both ASD and TDC groups. Inhibition of TrxR by mercury is associated with upregulation of the Trx1 protein in TDC neutrophils but not in ASD neutrophils. Furthermore, ASD neutrophils have exaggerated ROS production after exposure to methylmercury, which is much greater in magnitude than TDC neutrophils. Sulforaphane reversed methylmercury-induced effects on neutrophils through Nrf2-mediated induction of the Trx1/TrxR1 system. These observations suggest that exposure to the environmental toxicant methylmercury may elevate systemic oxidative inflammation due to a dysregulated Trx1/TrxR1 redox system in the neutrophils of ASD subjects, which may play a role in the progression of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiyah Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh F. Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah A. Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sana S. Alqarni
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif O. Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Y. Al-Ayadhi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M. Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Alfardan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Zhu M, Dagah OMA, Silaa BB, Lu J. Thioredoxin/Glutaredoxin Systems and Gut Microbiota in NAFLD: Interplay, Mechanism, and Therapeutical Potential. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1680. [PMID: 37759983 PMCID: PMC10525532 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common clinical disease, and its pathogenesis is closely linked to oxidative stress and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Recently accumulating evidence indicates that the thioredoxin and glutaredoxin systems, the two thiol-redox dependent antioxidant systems, are the key players in the NAFLD's development and progression. However, the effects of gut microbiota dysbiosis on the liver thiol-redox systems are not well clarified. This review explores the role and mechanisms of oxidative stress induced by bacteria in NAFLD while emphasizing the crucial interplay between gut microbiota dysbiosis and Trx mediated-redox regulation. The paper explores how dysbiosis affects the production of specific gut microbiota metabolites, such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), amino acids, bile acid, and alcohol. These metabolites, in turn, significantly impact liver inflammation, lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and cellular damage through thiol-dependent redox signaling. It suggests that comprehensive approaches targeting both gut microbiota dysbiosis and the thiol-redox antioxidant system are essential for effectively preventing and treating NAFLD. Overall, comprehending the intricate relationship between gut microbiota dysbiosis and thiol-redox systems in NAFLD holds significant promise in enhancing patient outcomes and fostering the development of innovative therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jun Lu
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education (Southwest University), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (M.Z.); (O.M.A.D.); (B.B.S.)
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Melero R, Quiroz-Rodríguez ME, Lara-Hernández F, Redón J, Sáez G, Briongos-Figuero LS, Abadía-Otero J, Martín-Escudero JC, Chaves FJ, Ayala G, García-García AB. Genetic interaction in the association between oxidative stress and diabetes in the Spanish population. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 205:62-68. [PMID: 37268047 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is a relevant intermediate mechanism involved in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) development. To date, the interaction between OS parameters and variations in genes related to T2D has not been analyzed. AIMS To study the genetic interaction of genes potentially related to OS levels (redox homeostasis, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, endoplasmic stress response, dyslipidemia, obesity and metal transport) and OS and T2D risk in a general population from Spain (the Hortega Study) in relation to the risk of suffering from T2D. MATERIALS AND METHODS One thousand five hundred and two adults from the University Hospital Rio Hortega area were studied and 900 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 272 candidate genes were analyzed. RESULTS There were no differences in OS levels between cases and controls. Some polymorphisms were associated with T2D and with OS levels. Significant interactions were observed between OS levels and two polymorphisms in relation to T2D presence: rs196904 (ERN1 gene) and rs2410718 (COX7C gene); and between OS levels and haplotypes of the genes: SP2, HFF1A, ILI8R1, EIF2AK2, TXNRD2, PPARA, NDUFS2 and ERN1. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that genetic variations of the studied genes are associated with OS levels and that their interaction with OS parameters may contribute to the risk of developing T2D in the Spanish general population. These data support the importance of analyzing the influence of OS levels and their interaction with genetic variations in order to establish their real impact in T2D risk. Further studies are required to identify the real relevance of interactions between genetic variations and OS levels and the mechanisms involved in them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Melero
- Genomics and Diabetes Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Josep Redón
- Cardiometabolic Renal Risk Research Group, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain; CIBEROBN, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Sáez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain; Service of Clinical Analysis, University Hospital Dr. Peset-FISABIO, Spain
| | | | - Jessica Abadía-Otero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rio Hortega University Hospital, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Martín-Escudero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rio Hortega University Hospital, 47012, Valladolid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47002, Valladolid, Spain
| | - F Javier Chaves
- Genomics and Diabetes Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010, Valencia, Spain; CIBERDEM, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Ayala
- Department of Statistics and Operation Research, University of Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana-Bárbara García-García
- Genomics and Diabetes Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010, Valencia, Spain; CIBERDEM, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
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Sebastian S, Hoffmann MK, Howard D, Young C, Washington J, Unterweger H, Alexiou C, Turnbull T, D’Andrea R, Hoffmann P, Kempson I. Kinetic Effects of Transferrin-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles on the Antioxidant Glutathione-Thioredoxin Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1617. [PMID: 37627612 PMCID: PMC10451790 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based therapeutics are being clinically translated for treating cancer. Even when thought to be biocompatible, nanoparticles are being increasingly identified as altering cell regulation and homeostasis. Antioxidant pathways are important for maintaining cell redox homeostasis and play important roles by maintaining ROS levels within tolerable ranges. Here, we sought to understand how a model of a relatively inert nanoparticle without any therapeutic agent itself could antagonize a cancer cell lines' antioxidant mechanism. A label-free protein expression approach was used to assess the glutathione-thioredoxin antioxidative pathway in a prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) after exposure to gold nanoparticles conjugated with a targeting moiety (transferrin). The impact of the nanoparticles was also corroborated through morphological analysis with TEM and classification of pro-apoptotic cells by way of the sub-G0/G1 population via the cell cycle and annexin V apoptosis assay. After a two-hour exposure to nanoparticles, major proteins associated with the glutathione-thioredoxin antioxidant pathway were downregulated. However, this response was acute, and in terms of protein expression, cells quickly recovered within 24 h once nanoparticle exposure ceased. The impact on PRDX-family proteins appears as the most influential factor in how these nanoparticles induced an oxidative stress response in the PC-3 cells. An apparent adaptive response was observed if exposure to nanoparticles continued. Acute exposure was observed to have a detrimental effect on cell viability compared to continuously exposed cells. Nanoparticle effects on cell regulation likely provide a compounding therapeutic advantage under some circumstances, in addition to the action of any cytotoxic agents; however, any therapeutic advantage offered by nanoparticles themselves with regard to vulnerabilities specific to the glutathione-thioredoxin antioxidative pathway is highly temporal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Sebastian
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia; (S.S.); (D.H.); (T.T.)
- Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (M.K.H.); (C.Y.); (P.H.)
| | - Manuela Klingler Hoffmann
- Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (M.K.H.); (C.Y.); (P.H.)
- Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics Group, Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Douglas Howard
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia; (S.S.); (D.H.); (T.T.)
| | - Clifford Young
- Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (M.K.H.); (C.Y.); (P.H.)
- Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics Group, Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Jenni Washington
- Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (M.K.H.); (C.Y.); (P.H.)
- Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics Group, Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Harald Unterweger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (H.U.); (C.A.)
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (H.U.); (C.A.)
| | - Tyron Turnbull
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia; (S.S.); (D.H.); (T.T.)
| | - Richard D’Andrea
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
| | - Peter Hoffmann
- Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (M.K.H.); (C.Y.); (P.H.)
- Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics Group, Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Ivan Kempson
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia; (S.S.); (D.H.); (T.T.)
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Sadowska-Bartosz I, Bartosz G. Antioxidant defense of Deinococcus radiodurans: how does it contribute to extreme radiation resistance? Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1803-1829. [PMID: 37498212 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2241895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Deinococcus radiodurans is an extremely radioresistant bacterium characterized by D10 of 10 kGy, and able to grow luxuriantly under chronic ionizing radiation of 60 Gy/h. The aim of this article is to review the antioxidant system of D. radiodurans and its possible role in the unusual resistance of this bacterium to ionizing radiation. CONCLUSIONS The unusual radiation resistance of D. radiodurans has apparently evolved as a side effect of the adaptation of this extremophile to other damaging environmental factors, especially desiccation. The antioxidant proteins and low-molecular antioxidants (especially low-molecular weight Mn2+ complexes and carotenoids, in particular, deinoxanthin), as well as protein and non-protein regulators, are important for the antioxidant defense of this species. Antioxidant protection of proteins from radiation inactivation enables the repair of DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Sadowska-Bartosz
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Bartosz
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
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20
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Shi S, Pan X, Chen M, Zhang L, Zhang S, Wang X, Shi S, Chen Z, Lin W, Jiang Y. USP5 promotes lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis and inflammatory response by stabilizing the TXNIP protein. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0193. [PMID: 37534934 PMCID: PMC10553006 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) in lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in mice has been reported, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. METHODS We overexpressed deubiquitinase in cells overexpressing TXNIP and then detected the level of TXNIP to screen out the deubiquitinase regulating TXNIP; the interaction between TXNIP and deubiquitinase was verified by coimmunoprecipitation. After knockdown of a deubiquitinase and overexpression of TXNIP in Huh7 and HepG2 cells, lipopolysaccharide was used to establish a cellular inflammatory model to explore the role of deubiquitinase and TXNIP in hepatocyte inflammation. RESULTS In this study, we discovered that ubiquitin-specific protease 5 (USP5) interacts with TXNIP and stabilizes it through deubiquitylation in Huh-7 and HepG2 cells after treatment with lipopolysaccharide. In lipopolysaccharide-treated Huh-7 and HepG2 cells, USP5 knockdown increased cell viability, reduced apoptosis, and decreased the expression of inflammatory factors, including NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, ASC, and procaspase-1. Overexpression of TXNIP reversed the phenotype induced by knockdown USP5. CONCLUSIONS In summary, USP5 promotes lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis and inflammatory response by stabilizing the TXNIP protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songchang Shi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiaobin Pan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Minyong Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Lihui Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shujuan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xincai Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Songjing Shi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhixin Chen
- Fujian College Association Instrumental Analysis Center of Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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21
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Liu X, Du Y, Xu C, Wang F, Li X, Liu L, Ma X, Wang Y, Ge L, Ren W, Jin L, Zhou L. Comparative analysis of the molecular response characteristics in Platycodon grandiflorus irradiated with heavy ion beams and X-rays. LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH 2023; 38:87-100. [PMID: 37481313 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
The response of plants to radiation is an essential topic in both space plant cultivation and mutation breeding by radiation. In this study, heavy ion beams (HIB) generated by the ground accelerator and X-rays (XR) were used as models of high linear energy transfer (LET) and low LET radiation to study the molecular response mechanism of Platycodon grandiflorus (P. grandiflorus) seedlings after irradiation. The gene and protein expression profiles of P. grandiflorus after 15 Gy HIB and 20 Gy XR radiation were analyzed by transcriptome and proteome. The results showed that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) induced by HIB radiation was less than that of XR group, but HIB radiation induced more differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Both HIB and XR radiation activated genes of RNA silencing, double-strand break repair and cell catabolic process. DNA replication and cell cycle related genes were down-regulated. The genes of cell wall and external encapsulating structure were up-regulated after HIB radiation. The gene expression of protein folding and glucan biosynthesis increased after XR radiation. Protein enrichment analysis indicated that HIB radiation resulted in differential protein enriched in photosynthesis and secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathways, while XR radiation induced differential protein of glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism and carbon metabolism. After HIB and XR radiation, the genes of antioxidant system and terpenoid and polyketide metabolic pathways presented different expression patterns. HIB radiation led to the enrichment of non-homologous end-joining pathway. The results will contribute to understanding the biological effects of plants under space radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Biophysics Group, Biomedical Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Du
- Biophysics Group, Biomedical Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chaoli Xu
- Biophysics Group, Biomedical Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Fusheng Wang
- Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dingxi 743000, China
| | - Xuehu Li
- Biophysics Group, Biomedical Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Luxiang Liu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, National Center of Space Mutagenesis for Crop Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuanmeng Wang
- Biophysics Group, Biomedical Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Linghui Ge
- Biophysics Group, Biomedical Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Weibin Ren
- Biophysics Group, Biomedical Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ling Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Libin Zhou
- Biophysics Group, Biomedical Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Kejin Innovation Institute of Heavy Ion Beam Biological Industry, Baiyin 730900, China.
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22
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Grooms NW, Fitzgerald MQ, Zuckerman B, Ureña SE, Weinberger LS, Chung SH. Expression of thioredoxin-1 in the ASJ neuron corresponds with and enhances intrinsic regenerative capacity under lesion conditioning in C. elegans. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:1880-1893. [PMID: 37300530 PMCID: PMC10526644 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A conditioning lesion of the peripheral sensory axon triggers robust central axon regeneration in mammals. We trigger conditioned regeneration in the Caenorhabditis elegans ASJ neuron by laser surgery or genetic disruption of sensory pathways. Conditioning upregulates thioredoxin-1 (trx-1) expression, as indicated by trx-1 promoter-driven expression of green fluorescent protein and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), suggesting trx-1 levels and associated fluorescence indicate regenerative capacity. The redox activity of trx-1 functionally enhances conditioned regeneration, but both redox-dependent and -independent activity inhibit non-conditioned regeneration. Six strains isolated in a forward genetic screen for reduced fluorescence, which suggests diminished regenerative potential, also show reduced axon outgrowth. We demonstrate an association between trx-1 expression and the conditioned state that we leverage to rapidly assess regenerative capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa W.F. Grooms
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Michael Q. Fitzgerald
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Binyamin Zuckerman
- Gladstone/UCSF Center for Cell Circuitry, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Samuel E. Ureña
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Leor S. Weinberger
- Gladstone/UCSF Center for Cell Circuitry, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Samuel H. Chung
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
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23
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Chaudière J. Biological and Catalytic Properties of Selenoproteins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10109. [PMID: 37373256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenocysteine is a catalytic residue at the active site of all selenoenzymes in bacteria and mammals, and it is incorporated into the polypeptide backbone by a co-translational process that relies on the recoding of a UGA termination codon into a serine/selenocysteine codon. The best-characterized selenoproteins from mammalian species and bacteria are discussed with emphasis on their biological function and catalytic mechanisms. A total of 25 genes coding for selenoproteins have been identified in the genome of mammals. Unlike the selenoenzymes of anaerobic bacteria, most mammalian selenoenzymes work as antioxidants and as redox regulators of cell metabolism and functions. Selenoprotein P contains several selenocysteine residues and serves as a selenocysteine reservoir for other selenoproteins in mammals. Although extensively studied, glutathione peroxidases are incompletely understood in terms of local and time-dependent distribution, and regulatory functions. Selenoenzymes take advantage of the nucleophilic reactivity of the selenolate form of selenocysteine. It is used with peroxides and their by-products such as disulfides and sulfoxides, but also with iodine in iodinated phenolic substrates. This results in the formation of Se-X bonds (X = O, S, N, or I) from which a selenenylsulfide intermediate is invariably produced. The initial selenolate group is then recycled by thiol addition. In bacterial glycine reductase and D-proline reductase, an unusual catalytic rupture of selenium-carbon bonds is observed. The exchange of selenium for sulfur in selenoproteins, and information obtained from model reactions, suggest that a generic advantage of selenium compared with sulfur relies on faster kinetics and better reversibility of its oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Chaudière
- CBMN (CNRS, UMR 5248), University of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France
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24
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Hu Y, Zhu Y, Nie W, Shi J, Wei X, Tang C, Zhang W. Thioredoxin reductase as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and efficacy prediction of gastrointestinal malignancy: a large-scale, retrospective study. Int J Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s10147-023-02350-w. [PMID: 37142881 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-023-02350-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our aim was to investigate the rationality and accuracy of plasma TrxR activity as an efficient tool in the early diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancy, and whether TrxR can be used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of gastrointestinal malignancy. METHODS We enrolled a total of 5091 cases, including 3736 cases in gastrointestinal malignancy, 964 in benign diseases, and 391 cases in healthy controls. We also performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to evaluate diagnostic efficiency of TrxR. Finally, we detected pre- and post-treatment level of TrxR and common tumor markers. RESULTS The plasma TrxR level in patients with gastrointestinal malignancy [8.4 (6.9, 9.7) U/mL] was higher than that in patients with benign disease [5.8 (4.6, 6.9) U/mL] and healthy control [3.5 (1.4, 5.4) U/mL]. Plasma TrxR showed a significant diagnostic advantage with an AUC of 0.897, compared with conventional tumor markers. In addition, the combination of TrxR and conventional tumor markers can further improve the diagnostic efficiency. We derived the optimal cut-off value of plasma TrxR as a diagnostic marker of gastrointestinal malignancy according to Youden index of 6.15 U/mL. After measuring the change trend of TrxR activity and conventional tumor markers before and after anti-tumor treatments, we found that their change trend was generally consistent, and the plasma TrxR activity was significantly decreased in patients treated with chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings recommend that plasma TrxR activity could be monitored as an efficient tool for the early diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancy and as a feasible tool to evaluate the therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Hu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Yinxing Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300, China
| | - Weiwei Nie
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Xiaowei Wei
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Cuiju Tang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China.
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China.
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25
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Wu T, Li ST, Ran Y, Lin Y, Liu L, Zhang X, Zhou L, Zhang L, Wu D, Yang B, Tang S. Mapping protein direct interactome of oxidoreductases with small molecular chemical cross-linkers in live cells. Redox Biol 2023; 61:102642. [PMID: 36863169 PMCID: PMC9986639 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying direct substrates of enzymes has been a long-term challenge. Here, we present a strategy using live cell chemical cross-linking and mass spectrometry to identify the putative substrates of enzymes for further biochemical validation. Compared with other methods, our strategy is based on the identification of cross-linked peptides supported by high-quality MS/MS spectra, which eliminates false-positive discoveries of indirect binders. Additionally, cross-linking sites allow the analysis of interaction interfaces, providing further information for substrate validation. We demonstrated this strategy by identifying direct substrates of thioredoxin in both E. coli and HEK293T cells using two bis-vinyl sulfone chemical cross-linkers BVSB and PDES. We confirmed that BVSB and PDES have high specificity in cross-linking the active site of thioredoxin with its substrates both in vitro and in live cells. Applying live cell cross-linking, we identified 212 putative substrates of thioredoxin in E. coli and 299 putative S-nitrosylation (SNO) substrates of thioredoxin in HEK293T cells. In addition to thioredoxin, we have shown that this strategy can be applied to other proteins in the thioredoxin superfamily. Based on these results, we believe future development of cross-linking techniques will further advance cross-linking mass spectrometry in identifying substrates of other classes of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shang-Tong Li
- Glbizzia Biosciences Co., Ltd, Beijing, 102601, China
| | - Yu Ran
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yinuo Lin
- Center for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China; China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiajun Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lianqi Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Donghai Wu
- Center for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China; China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Bing Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Shibing Tang
- Center for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China; China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
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26
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Li ZM, Wang XL, Jin XM, Huang JQ, Wang LS. The effect of selenium on antioxidant system in aquaculture animals. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1153511. [PMID: 37179840 PMCID: PMC10169727 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1153511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
There will be generated some adverse conditions in the process of acquculture farming with the continuous improvement of the intensive degree of modern aquaculture, such as crowding stress, hypoxia, and malnutrition, which will easily lead to oxidative stress. Se is an effective antioxidant, participating and playing an important role in the antioxidant defense system of fish. This paper reviews the physiological functions of selenoproteins in resisting oxidative stress in aquatic animals, the mechanisms of different forms of Se in anti-oxidative stress in aquatic animals and the harmful effects of lower and higher levels of Se in aquaculture. To summarize the application and research progress of Se in oxidative stress in aquatic animals and provide scientific references for its application in anti-oxidative stress in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Meng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pufferfish Breeding and Culture in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- College of Fisheries an Life, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Ocean Dynamics Resources and Environments, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xiu-Li Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pufferfish Breeding and Culture in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- College of Fisheries an Life, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao-Min Jin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Ocean Dynamics Resources and Environments, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Pufferfish Breeding and Culture in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lian-Shun Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pufferfish Breeding and Culture in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- College of Fisheries an Life, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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27
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Sumi MP, Tupta B, Roychowdhury S, Comhair S, Asosingh K, Stuehr DJ, Erzurum SC, Ghosh A. Hemoglobin resident in the lung epithelium is protective for smooth muscle soluble guanylate cyclase function. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102717. [PMID: 37120930 PMCID: PMC10172757 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemoglobin (Hb) present in the lung epithelium is of unknown significance. However Hb being an nitric oxide (NO) scavenger can bind to NO and reduce its deleterious effects. Hence we postulated an NO scavenging role for this lung Hb. Doing transwell co-culture with bronchial epithelial cells, A549/16-HBE (apical) and human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMCs as basal), we found that Hb can protect the smooth muscle soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) from excess NO. Inducing the apical A549/16-HBE cells with cytokines to trigger iNOS expression and NO generation caused a time dependent increase in SNO-sGC and this was accompanied with a concomitant drop in sGC-α1β1 heterodimerization. Silencing Hbαβ in the apical cells further increased the SNO on sGC with a faster drop in the sGC heterodimer and these effects were additive along with further silencing of thioredoxin 1 (Trx1). Since heme of Hb is critical for NO scavenging we determined the Hb heme in a mouse model of allergic asthma (OVA) and found that Hb in the inflammed OVA lungs was low in heme or heme-free relative to those of naïve lungs. Further we established a direct correlation between the status of the sGC heterodimer and the Hb heme from lung samples of human asthma, iPAH, COPD and cystic fibrosis. These findings present a new mechanism of protection of lung sGC by the epithelial Hb, and suggests that this protection maybe lost in asthma or COPD where lung Hb is unable to scavenge the NO due to it being heme-deprived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta P Sumi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Blair Tupta
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Sanjoy Roychowdhury
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Suzy Comhair
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Kewal Asosingh
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Dennis J Stuehr
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Serpil C Erzurum
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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28
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AlOkda A, Van Raamsdonk JM. Evolutionarily Conserved Role of Thioredoxin Systems in Determining Longevity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040944. [PMID: 37107319 PMCID: PMC10135697 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase are evolutionarily conserved antioxidant enzymes that protect organisms from oxidative stress. These proteins also play roles in redox signaling and can act as a redox-independent cellular chaperone. In most organisms, there is a cytoplasmic and mitochondrial thioredoxin system. A number of studies have examined the role of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase in determining longevity. Disruption of either thioredoxin or thioredoxin reductase is sufficient to shorten lifespan in model organisms including yeast, worms, flies and mice, thereby indicating conservation across species. Similarly, increasing the expression of thioredoxin or thioredoxin reductase can extend longevity in multiple model organisms. In humans, there is an association between a specific genetic variant of thioredoxin reductase and lifespan. Overall, the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial thioredoxin systems are both important for longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahman AlOkda
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Metabolic Disorders and Complications Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jeremy M Van Raamsdonk
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Metabolic Disorders and Complications Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Brain Repair and Integrative Neuroscience Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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29
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Sucharski F, Gallo G, Coelho C, Hardy L, Würtele M. Modeling the role of charged residues in thermophilic proteins by rotamer and dynamic cross correlation analysis. J Mol Model 2023; 29:132. [PMID: 37036538 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05490-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Discerning the determinants of protein thermostability is very important both from the theoretical and applied perspective. Different lines of evidence seem to indicate that a dynamical network of salt bridges/charged residues plays a fundamental role in the thermostability of enzymes. In this work, we applied measures of dynamic variance, like the Gini coefficients, Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence and dynamic cross correlation (DCC) coefficients to compare the behavior of 3 pairs of homologous proteins from the thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus and mesophilic Escherichia coli. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations of these proteins were performed at 303 K and 363 K. In the characterization of their side chain rotamer distributions, the corresponding Gini coefficients and KL-divergence both revealed significant correlations with temperature. Similarly, a DCC analysis revealed a higher trend to de-correlate the movement of charged residues at higher temperatures in the thermophilic proteins, when compared with their mesophilic homologues. These results highlight the importance of dynamic electrostatic network interactions for the thermostability of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Sucharski
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, Talim 330, São José Dos Campos, São Paulo, 12231-280, Brazil
| | - Gloria Gallo
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, Talim 330, São José Dos Campos, São Paulo, 12231-280, Brazil
| | - Camila Coelho
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, Talim 330, São José Dos Campos, São Paulo, 12231-280, Brazil
| | - Leon Hardy
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA
| | - Martin Würtele
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, Talim 330, São José Dos Campos, São Paulo, 12231-280, Brazil.
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30
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Zhao L, Zhong B, Zhu Y, Zheng H, Wang X, Hou Y, Lu JJ, Ai N, Guo X, Ge W, Ma YY, Chen X. Nitrovin (difurazone), an antibacterial growth promoter, induces ROS-mediated paraptosis-like cell death by targeting thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1). Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 210:115487. [PMID: 36893814 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most lethal malignant tumors in the human brain, with only a few chemotherapeutic drugs available after surgery. Nitrovin (difurazone) is widely used as an antibacterial growth promoter in livestock. Here, we reported that nitrovin might be a potential anticancer lead. Nitrovin showed significant cytotoxicity to a panel of cancer cell lines. Nitrovin induced cytoplasmic vacuolation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, MAPK activation, and Alix inhibition but had no effect on caspase-3 cleavage and activity, suggesting paraptosis activation. Nitrovin-induced cell death of GBM cells was significantly reversed by cycloheximide (CHX), N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), glutathione (GSH), and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) overexpression. Vitamins C and E, inhibitors of pan-caspase, MAPKs, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress failed to do so. Nitrovin-triggered cytoplasmic vacuolation was reversed by CHX, NAC, GSH, and TrxR1 overexpression but not by Alix overexpression. Furthermore, nitrovin interacted with TrxR1 and significantly inhibited its activity. In addition, nitrovin showed a significant anticancer effect in a zebrafish xenograft model, which was reversed by NAC. In conclusion, our results showed that nitrovin induced non-apoptotic and paraptosis-like cell death mediated by ROS through targeting TrxR1. Nitrovin might be a promising anticancer lead for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Bingling Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yanyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Haoyi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xumei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Ying Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Nana Ai
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xiuli Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yan-Yan Ma
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China; MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macao, China.
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31
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He J, Liu S, Fang Q, Gu H, Hu Y. The Thioredoxin System in Edwardsiella piscicida Contributes to Oxidative Stress Tolerance, Motility, and Virulence. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040827. [PMID: 37110252 PMCID: PMC10145099 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Edwardsiella piscicida is an important fish pathogen that causes substantial economic losses. In order to understand its pathogenic mechanism, additional new virulence factors need to be identified. The bacterial thioredoxin system is a major disulfide reductase system, but its function is largely unknown in E. piscicida. In this study, we investigated the roles of the thioredoxin system in E. piscicida (named TrxBEp, TrxAEp, and TrxCEp, respectively) by constructing a correspondingly markerless in-frame mutant strain: ΔtrxB, ΔtrxA, and ΔtrxC, respectively. We found that (i) TrxBEp is confirmed as an intracellular protein, which is different from the prediction made by the Protter illustration; (ii) compared to the wild-type strain, ΔtrxB exhibits resistance against H2O2 stress but high sensitivity to thiol-specific diamide stress, while ΔtrxA and ΔtrxC are moderately sensitive to both H2O2 and diamide conditions; (iii) the deletions of trxBEp, trxAEp, and trxCEp damage E. piscicida's flagella formation and motility, and trxBEp plays a decisive role; (iv) deletions of trxBEp, trxAEp, and trxCEp substantially abate bacterial resistance against host serum, especially trxBEp deletion; (v) trxAEp and trxCEp, but not trxBEp, are involved in bacterial survival and replication in phagocytes; (vi) the thioredoxin system participates in bacterial dissemination in host immune tissues. These findings indicate that the thioredoxin system of E. piscicida plays an important role in stress resistance and virulence, which provides insight into the pathogenic mechanism of E. piscicida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao He
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Su Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Qingjian Fang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Hanjie Gu
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-Resources, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-Resources, Haikou 571101, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
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32
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Schnöller LE, Piehlmaier D, Weber P, Brix N, Fleischmann DF, Nieto AE, Selmansberger M, Heider T, Hess J, Niyazi M, Belka C, Lauber K, Unger K, Orth M. Systematic in vitro analysis of therapy resistance in glioblastoma cell lines by integration of clonogenic survival data with multi-level molecular data. Radiat Oncol 2023; 18:51. [PMID: 36906590 PMCID: PMC10007763 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-023-02241-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite intensive basic scientific, translational, and clinical efforts in the last decades, glioblastoma remains a devastating disease with a highly dismal prognosis. Apart from the implementation of temozolomide into the clinical routine, novel treatment approaches have largely failed, emphasizing the need for systematic examination of glioblastoma therapy resistance in order to identify major drivers and thus, potential vulnerabilities for therapeutic intervention. Recently, we provided proof-of-concept for the systematic identification of combined modality radiochemotherapy treatment vulnerabilities via integration of clonogenic survival data upon radio(chemo)therapy with low-density transcriptomic profiling data in a panel of established human glioblastoma cell lines. Here, we expand this approach to multiple molecular levels, including genomic copy number, spectral karyotyping, DNA methylation, and transcriptome data. Correlation of transcriptome data with inherent therapy resistance on the single gene level yielded several candidates that were so far underappreciated in this context and for which clinically approved drugs are readily available, such as the androgen receptor (AR). Gene set enrichment analyses confirmed these results, and identified additional gene sets, including reactive oxygen species detoxification, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (MTORC1) signaling, and ferroptosis/autophagy-related regulatory circuits to be associated with inherent therapy resistance in glioblastoma cells. To identify pharmacologically accessible genes within those gene sets, leading edge analyses were performed yielding candidates with functions in thioredoxin/peroxiredoxin metabolism, glutathione synthesis, chaperoning of proteins, prolyl hydroxylation, proteasome function, and DNA synthesis/repair. Our study thus confirms previously nominated targets for mechanism-based multi-modal glioblastoma therapy, provides proof-of-concept for this workflow of multi-level data integration, and identifies novel candidates for which pharmacological inhibitors are readily available and whose targeting in combination with radio(chemo)therapy deserves further examination. In addition, our study also reveals that the presented workflow requires mRNA expression data, rather than genomic copy number or DNA methylation data, since no stringent correlation between these data levels could be observed. Finally, the data sets generated in the present study, including functional and multi-level molecular data of commonly used glioblastoma cell lines, represent a valuable toolbox for other researchers in the field of glioblastoma therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Emanuel Schnöller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Piehlmaier
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics (ZYTO), Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Peter Weber
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics (ZYTO), Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group 'Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer' Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nikko Brix
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Felix Fleischmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Edward Nieto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Selmansberger
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics (ZYTO), Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Theresa Heider
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics (ZYTO), Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia Hess
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics (ZYTO), Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group 'Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer' Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Niyazi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany.,Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BKFZ), Munich, Germany
| | - Claus Belka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group 'Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer' Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany.,Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BKFZ), Munich, Germany
| | - Kirsten Lauber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group 'Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer' Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
| | - Kristian Unger
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics (ZYTO), Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany. .,Clinical Cooperation Group 'Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer' Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Michael Orth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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33
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Hukkamlı B, Dağdelen B, Sönmez Aydın F, Budak H. Comparison of the efficacy of the mouse hepatic and renal antioxidant systems against inflammation-induced oxidative stress. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023:10.1007/s12013-023-01126-3. [PMID: 36773183 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01126-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of the mouse hepatic and renal antioxidant systems against inflammation-induced oxidative stress. Increased Il-1 and Il-6 expressions, markers of inflammation, were represented by inflammation models in mouse liver and kidney tissues injected intraperitoneally with LPS. After establishing the model, the GSH level and the GSH/GSSG ratio, which are oxidative stress markers, were investigated in both tissues treated with LPS and the control group. The expression of Trx1, TrxR, and Txnip genes increased in the liver tissues of LPS-treated mice. In the kidney tissue, while Trx1 expression decreased, no change was observed in TrxR1 expression, and Txnip expression increased. In the kidneys, TRXR1 and GR activities decreased, whereas GPx activity increased. In both tissues, the TRXR1 protein expression decreased significantly, while TXNIP expression increased. In conclusion, different behaviors of antioxidant system members were observed during acute inflammation in both tissues. Additionally, it can be said that the kidney tissue is more sensitive and takes earlier measures than the liver tissue against cellular damage caused by inflammation and inflammation-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna Hukkamlı
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Atatürk University, Erzurum, 25240, Türkiye
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Processing Technologies, Boyabat Vocational School, Sinop University, Sinop, 57200, Türkiye
| | - Burak Dağdelen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, 42250, Türkiye
| | - Feyza Sönmez Aydın
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Atatürk University, Erzurum, 25240, Türkiye
- Department of Pathology Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School, Doğuş University, Istanbul, 34775, Türkiye
| | - Harun Budak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Atatürk University, Erzurum, 25240, Türkiye.
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34
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Xu A, Wei N, Hu H, Zhou S, Huang Y, Kong Q, Bie Z, Nie WF, Cheng F. Thioredoxin h2 inhibits the MPKK5-MPK3 cascade to regulate the CBF-COR signaling pathway in Citrullus lanatus suffering chilling stress. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhac256. [PMID: 36778181 PMCID: PMC9907054 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxins (TRXs) are ubiquitous oxidoreductases and present as a multigenic family. TRXs determine the thiol redox balance, which is crucial for plants in the response to cold stress. However, limited knowledge is available about the role of TRXs in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), which is highly sensitive to chilling stress in agricultural practice. Here, we identified 18 genes encoding 14 typical and 4 atypical TRXs from the watermelon genome, and found that ClTRX h2 localized at the plasma membrane was largely induced by chilling. Virus-induced gene silencing of ClTRX h2 resulted in watermelon plants that were more sensitive to chilling stress. We further found that ClTRX h2 physically interacted with mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 (ClMPKK5), which was confirmed to phosphorylate and activate ClMPK3 in vitro, and the activation of ClMPK3 by ClMPKK5 was blocked by a point mutation of the Cys-229 residue to Ser in ClMPKK5. Additionally, ClTRX h2 inhibited the chilling-induced activation of ClMPK3, suggesting that the ClMPKK5-ClMPK3 cascade is regulated in a redox-dependent manner. We showed that ClMPK3-silenced plants had increased tolerance to chilling, as well as enhanced transcript abundances of the C-repeat/DREB binding factor (ClCBF) and cold-responsive (ClCOR) genes. Taken together, our results indicate that redox status mediated by ClTRX h2 inhibits ClMPK3 phosphorylation through the interaction between ClTRX h2 and ClMPKK5, which subsequently regulates the CBF-COR signaling pathway when submitted to chilling stress. Hence, our results provide a link between thiol redox balance and MAPK cascade signaling, revealing a conceptual framework to understand how TRX regulates chilling stress tolerance in watermelon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Nannan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiusheng Kong
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhilong Bie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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35
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Chetot T, Serfaty X, Carret L, Kriznik A, Sophie-Rahuel-Clermont, Grand L, Jacolot M, Popowycz F, Benoit E, Lambert V, Lattard V. Splice variants of protein disulfide isomerase - identification, distribution and functional characterization in the rat. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130280. [PMID: 36423740 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI) enzyme is an emerging therapeutic target in oncology and hematology. Although PDI reductase activity has been studied with isolated fragments of the protein, natural structural variations affecting reductase activity have not been addressed. METHODS In this study, we discovered four coding splice variants of the Pdi pre-mRNA in rats. In vitro Michaelis constants and apparent maximum steady-state rate constants after purification and distribution in different rat tissues were determined. RESULTS The consensus sequence was found to be the most expressed splice variant while the second most expressed variant represents 15 to 35% of total Pdi mRNA. The third variant shows a quasi-null expression profile and the fourth was not quantifiable. The consensus sequence splice variant and the second splice variant are widely expressed (transcription level) in the liver and even more present in males. Measurements of the reductase activity of recombinant PDI indicate that the consensus sequence and third splice variant are fully active variants. The second most expressed variant, differing by a lack of signal peptide, was found active but less than the consensus sequence. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Our work emphasizes the importance of taking splice variants into account when studying PDI-like proteins to understand the full biological functionalities of PDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Chetot
- USC 1233 RS2GP, VetAgro Sup, INRAe, Université de Lyon, 69280 Marcy l'étoile, France
| | - Xavier Serfaty
- USC 1233 RS2GP, VetAgro Sup, INRAe, Université de Lyon, 69280 Marcy l'étoile, France
| | - Léna Carret
- USC 1233 RS2GP, VetAgro Sup, INRAe, Université de Lyon, 69280 Marcy l'étoile, France
| | | | | | - Lucie Grand
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE Lyon, UMR 5246, ICBMS, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Maïwenn Jacolot
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE Lyon, UMR 5246, ICBMS, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Florence Popowycz
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, CPE Lyon, UMR 5246, ICBMS, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Etienne Benoit
- USC 1233 RS2GP, VetAgro Sup, INRAe, Université de Lyon, 69280 Marcy l'étoile, France
| | - Véronique Lambert
- USC 1233 RS2GP, VetAgro Sup, INRAe, Université de Lyon, 69280 Marcy l'étoile, France
| | - Virginie Lattard
- USC 1233 RS2GP, VetAgro Sup, INRAe, Université de Lyon, 69280 Marcy l'étoile, France.
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36
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Zmuda AJ, Niehaus TD. Systems and strategies for plant protein expression. Methods Enzymol 2023; 680:3-34. [PMID: 36710015 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
At least a quarter of the protein-encoding genes in plant genomes are predicted to encode enzymes for which no physiological function is known. Determining functions for these uncharacterized enzymes is key to understanding plant metabolism. Functional characterization typically requires expression and purification of recombinant enzymes to be used in enzyme assays and/or for protein structure elucidation studies. Here, we describe several practical considerations used to improve the heterologous expression and purification of Arabidopsis thaliana and Zea mays NAD(P)HX dehydratase (NAXD) and NAD(P)HX epimerase (NAXE), two enzymes that are involved in repair of chemically damaged NAD(P)H cofactors. We provide protocols for transit peptide prediction and construct design, expression in Escherichia coli, and purification of NAXD and NAXE. Many of these strategies are generally applicable to the purification of any plant protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Zmuda
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Thomas D Niehaus
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States.
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37
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Abstract
Significance: Thioredoxin (Trx) is a powerful antioxidant that reduces protein disulfides to maintain redox stability in cells and is involved in regulating multiple redox-dependent signaling pathways. Recent Advance: The current accumulation of findings suggests that Trx participates in signaling pathways that interact with various proteins to manipulate their dynamic regulation of structure and function. These network pathways are critical for cancer pathogenesis and therapy. Promising clinical advances have been presented by most anticancer agents targeting such signaling pathways. Critical Issues: We herein link the signaling pathways regulated by the Trx system to potential cancer therapeutic opportunities, focusing on the coordination and strengths of the Trx signaling pathways in apoptosis, ferroptosis, immunomodulation, and drug resistance. We also provide a mechanistic network for the exploitation of therapeutic small molecules targeting the Trx signaling pathways. Future Directions: As research data accumulate, future complex networks of Trx-related signaling pathways will gain in detail. In-depth exploration and establishment of these signaling pathways, including Trx upstream and downstream regulatory proteins, will be critical to advancing novel cancer therapeutics. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 403-424.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengjia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
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38
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Ivanova J, Guriev N, Pugovkina N, Lyublinskaya O. Inhibition of thioredoxin reductase activity reduces the antioxidant defense capacity of human pluripotent stem cells under conditions of mild but not severe oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 642:137-144. [PMID: 36577250 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pro-oxidative shift in redox balance, usually termed as "oxidative stress", can lead to different cell responses depending on its intensity. Excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species ("oxidative distress") can cause DNA, lipid and protein damage. Physiological oxidative stimulus ("oxidative eustress"), in turn, can favor cell proliferation and differentiation - the processes of paramount importance primarily for stem cells. Functions of antioxidant enzymes in cells is currently a focus of intense research, however the role of different antioxidant pathways in pluripotent cell responses to oxidative distress/eustress is still under investigation. In this study, we assessed the contribution of the thioredoxin reductase (TrxR)-dependent pathways to maintaining the redox homeostasis in human induced pluripotent stem cells and their differentiated progeny cells under basal conditions and under conditions of oxidative stress of varying intensity. Employing the genetically encoded H2O2 biosensor cyto-HyPer and two inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase (auranofin and Tri-1), we show that the reduced activity of TrxR-dependent enzymatic systems leads to the non-cytotoxic disruption of thiol-disulfide metabolism in the cytoplasm of both pluripotent and differentiated cells under basal conditions. Quantifying the cytoplasmic concentrations of peroxide establishing in H2O2-stressed cells, we demonstrate that TrxR-dependent pathways contribute to the antioxidant activity in the cell cytoplasm under conditions of mild but not severe oxidative stress in both cell lines tested. The observed effects may testify about a conservative role of the TrxR-controlled enzymatic systems manifested as a response to physiological redox stimuli rather than a protection against the severe oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ivanova
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretskii pr. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
| | - Nikita Guriev
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretskii pr. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia; Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya st. 29, St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia
| | - Natalia Pugovkina
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretskii pr. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - Olga Lyublinskaya
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretskii pr. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia
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Seo MJ, Kim IY, Lee DM, Park YJ, Cho MY, Jin HJ, Choi KS. Dual inhibition of thioredoxin reductase and proteasome is required for auranofin-induced paraptosis in breast cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:42. [PMID: 36658130 PMCID: PMC9852458 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05586-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Auranofin (AF), a gold (I)-containing phosphine compound, is being investigated for oncological application as a repurposed drug. We show here that 4~5 µM AF induces paraptosis, a non-apoptotic cell death mode characterized by dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, in breast cancer cells. Although the covalent inhibition of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme that critically controls intracellular redox homeostasis, is considered the primary mechanism of AF's anticancer activity, knockdown of TrxR1 did not induce paraptosis. Instead, both TrxR1 knockdown plus the proteasome inhibitor (PI), bortezomib (Bz), and 2 μM AF plus Bz induced paraptosis, thereby mimicking the effect of 5 μM AF. These results suggest that the paraptosis induced by 5 μM AF requires the inhibition of both TrxR1 and proteasome. We found that TrxR1 knockdown/Bz or subtoxic doses of AF and Bz induced paraptosis selectively in breast cancer cells, sparing non-transformed MCF10A cells, whereas 4~5 μM AF killed both cancer and MCF10A cells. GSH depletion was found to be more critical than ROS generation for the paraptosis induced by dual TrxR1/proteasome inhibition. In this process, the ATF4/CHAC1 (glutathione-specific gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 1) axis leads to GSH degradation, contributing to proteotoxic stress possibly due to the accumulation of misfolded thiol-containing proteins. These results suggest that the paraptosis-inducing strategy of AF plus a PI may provide an effective therapeutic strategy against pro-apoptotic therapy-resistant cancers and reduce the potential side effects associated with high-dose AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Seo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - In Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Nano-safety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Dong Min Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Yeon Jung Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Mi-Young Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Hyo Joon Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Kyeong Sook Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea.
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40
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Sun H, Sun R, Hua Y, Lu Q, Shao X. An update on the role of thioredoxin-interacting protein in diabetic kidney disease: A mini review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1153805. [PMID: 37144033 PMCID: PMC10151556 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1153805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) was first isolated from Vitamin D3-exposed HL60 cells. TXNIP is the main redox-regulating factor in various organs and tissues. We begin with an overview of the TXNIP gene and protein information, followed by a summary of studies that have shown its expression in human kidneys. Then, we highlight our current understanding of the effect of TXNIP on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) to improve our understanding of the biological roles and signal transduction of TXNIP in DKD. Based on the recent review, the modulation of TXNIP may be considered as a new target in the management of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yulin Hua
- The First Clinical Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianyi Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changshu No. 1 People’s Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Qianyi Lu,
| | - Xinyu Shao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Xinyu Shao,
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Ji Y, Yang Y, Sun S, Dai Z, Ren F, Wu Z. Insights into diet-associated oxidative pathomechanisms in inflammatory bowel disease and protective effects of functional amino acids. Nutr Rev 2022; 81:95-113. [PMID: 35703919 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a substantial rise in the incidence and prevalence of clinical patients presenting with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Accumulating evidence has corroborated the view that dietary factors (particularly diets with high levels of saturated fat or sugar) are involved in the development and progression of IBD, which is predominately associated with changes in the composition of the gut microbiota and an increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species. Notably, the ecological imbalance of the gut microbiome exacerbates oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, leading to perturbations of the intestinal redox balance and immunity, as well as mucosal integrity. Recent findings have revealed that functional amino acids, including L-glutamine, glycine, L-arginine, L-histidine, L-tryptophan, and hydroxyproline, are effectively implicated in the maintenance of intestinal redox and immune homeostasis. These amino acids and their metabolites have oxygen free-radical scavenging and inflammation-relieving properties, and they participate in modulation of the microbial community and the metabolites in the gut. The principal focus of this article is a review of recent advances in the oxidative pathomechanisms of IBD development and progression in relation to dietary factors, with a particular emphasis on the redox and signal transduction mechanisms of host cells in response to unbalanced diets and enterobacteria. In addition, an update on current understanding of the protective effects of functional amino acids against IBD, together with the underlying mechanisms for this protection, have been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ji
- are with the State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,are with the Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Yang
- are with the State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiqiang Sun
- are with the State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaolai Dai
- are with the State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaChina
| | - Fazheng Ren
- are with the Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- are with the State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,are with the Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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42
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Kalın ŞN, Altay A, Budak H. Inhibition of thioredoxin reductase 1 by vulpinic acid suppresses the proliferation and migration of human breast carcinoma. Life Sci 2022; 310:121093. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Novel Role of Mammalian Cell Senescence-Sustenance of Muscle Larvae of Trichinella spp. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1799839. [PMID: 36478989 PMCID: PMC9722307 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1799839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Muscle larva of the parasitic nematode Trichinella spp. lives in a portion of muscle fibre transformed to a nurse cell (NC). Based on our previous transcriptomic studies, NC growth arrest was inferred to be accompanied by cellular senescence. In the current study, NC was proven to display the following markers of senescence: high senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, lipid deposition, DNA damage, and cell cycle inhibition. Moreover, the nuclear localization of Activator Protein 1 (c-Fos, c-Jun, and FosB), as well as the upregulation of numerous AP-1 target genes in the NC, remained in accord with AP-1 recently identified as a master transcription factor in senescence. An increase in reactive oxygen species generation and the upregulation of antioxidant defence enzymes, including glutathione peroxidases 1 and 3, catalase, superoxide dismutases 1 and 3, and heme oxygenase 1, indicated an ongoing oxidative stress to proceed in the NC. Interestingly, antioxidant defence enzymes localized not only to the NC but also to the larva. These results allowed us to hypothesize that oxidative stress accompanying muscle regeneration and larval antigenic properties lead to the transformation of a regenerating myofibre into a senescent cell. Cellular senescence apparently represents a state of metabolism that sustains the long-term existence of muscle larva and ultimately provides it with the antioxidant capacity needed during the next host colonization. Senotherapy, a therapeutic approach aimed at selective elimination of senescent cells, can thus be viewed as potentially effective in the treatment of trichinosis.
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Talian I, Laputková G, Schwartzová V. Identification of crucial salivary proteins/genes and pathways involved in pathogenesis of temporomandibular disorders. OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a collective term for a group of conditions that lead to impairment of the function of the temporomandibular joint. The proteins/genes and signaling pathways associated with TMD are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify key differentially expressed salivary proteins/genes (DEGs) associated with TMD progression using LC-MS/MS coupled with a bioinformatics approach. The protein–protein interaction network was obtained from the STRING database and the hub genes were identified using Cytoscape including cytoHubba and MCODE plug-ins. In addition, enrichment of gene ontology functions and the Reactome signaling pathway was performed. A total of 140 proteins/genes were differentially expressed. From cluster analysis, a set of 20 hub genes were significantly modulated: ALB, APOA1, B2M, C3, CAT, CLU, CTSD, ENO1, GSN, HBB, HP, HSPA8, LTF, LYZ, MMP9, S100A9, SERPINA1, TF, TPI1, and TXN. Two enriched signaling pathways, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, and tryptophan signaling pathway involving the hub genes CAT, ENO1, and TPI1 have been identified. The rest of the hub genes were mainly enriched in the innate immune system and antimicrobial peptides signaling pathways. In summary, hub DEGs and the signaling pathways identified here have elucidated the molecular mechanisms of TMD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Talian
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of P. J. Šafárik , Košice , 040 11 , Slovak Republic
| | - Galina Laputková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of P. J. Šafárik , Košice , 040 11 , Slovak Republic
| | - Vladimíra Schwartzová
- Clinic of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of P. J. Šafárik and Louis Pasteur University Hospital , Košice , 041 90 , Slovak Republic
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Ponnampalam EN, Kiani A, Santhiravel S, Holman BWB, Lauridsen C, Dunshea FR. The Importance of Dietary Antioxidants on Oxidative Stress, Meat and Milk Production, and Their Preservative Aspects in Farm Animals: Antioxidant Action, Animal Health, and Product Quality-Invited Review. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233279. [PMID: 36496798 PMCID: PMC9738477 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological effects of oxidative stress and associated free radicals on farm animal performance, productivity, and product quality may be managed via dietary interventions-specifically, the provision of feeds, supplements, and forages rich in antioxidants. To optimize this approach, it is important first to understand the development of free radicals and their contributions to oxidative stress in tissue systems of farm animals or the human body. The interactions between prooxidants and antioxidants will impact redox homeostasis and, therefore, the well-being of farm animals. The impact of free radical formation on the oxidation of lipids, proteins, DNA, and biologically important macromolecules will likewise impact animal performance, meat and milk quality, nutritional value, and longevity. Dietary antioxidants, endogenous antioxidants, and metal-binding proteins contribute to the 'antioxidant defenses' that control free radical formation within the biological systems. Different bioactive compounds of varying antioxidant potential and bio-accessibility may be sourced from tailored feeding systems. Informed and successful provision of dietary antioxidants can help alleviate oxidative stress. However, knowledge pertaining to farm animals, their unique biological systems, and the applications of novel feeds, specialized forages, bioactive compounds, etc., must be established. This review summarized current research to direct future studies towards more effective controls for free radical formation/oxidative stress in farm animals so that productivity and quality of meat and milk can be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric N. Ponnampalam
- Animal Production Sciences, Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ali Kiani
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad P.O. Box 465, Iran
| | - Sarusha Santhiravel
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Benjamin W. B. Holman
- Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
| | - Charlotte Lauridsen
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- The Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Anti-Diabetic and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Phlomis stewartii Plant Phytochemicals on Cigarette Smoke Inhalation and Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Wistar Rats. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12111133. [PMID: 36422273 PMCID: PMC9696311 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of free radicals in body causes oxidative stress and consequently different metabolic disorders. There are numerous environmental and emotional factors that trigger free radical generation, cigarette smoke (CS) is one of them. In addition to free radical production, it also increases the risk of developing type II diabetes, cancer, and has adverse effects on other organs such as liver and kidneys. In the present study, extracts of leaves, flower, and whole plant of P. stewartii Hf. in methanol were analyzed using LC-ESI-MS and investigated for their cytotoxic properties against HepG2 cell line and CS alloxan-induced diabetes in Wistar albino rats model. A total of 24 rats were kept in aerated cage for eight weeks and exposed to CS following the administration of single dose of alloxan@140 mg/kg body weight at the end of six weeks to induce diabetes mellitus (DM). The cytotoxic activity of extracts against HepG2 was recorded in the order; leaves methanol (LM) > flower methanol (FM) and whole plant methanol (WPM). The IC50(1/4) values were in the order of 187 (LM) > 280 (FM) > 312 (WPM) µg/mL against HepG2. In positive control group, CS- and alloxan-induced diabetes significantly increased (p < 0.05) the level of alanine alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), low density lipoprotein (LDL), bilirubin, total protein, creatinine, uric acid, blood urea, globulin, total oxidant status (TOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA), as compared to negative control group. In conclusion, according to the results of this study, P. Stewartii methanol extracts showed good antioxidant, anticancer activity and worked well to recover the tested clinical parameters in CS/alloxan-induced diabetes animals, which indicated the extracts also possess good antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective potential.
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47
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Jabbar S, Mathews P, Wang X, Sundaramoorthy P, Chu E, Piryani SO, Ding S, Shen X, Doan PL, Kang Y. Thioredoxin-1 regulates self-renewal and differentiation of murine hematopoietic stem cells through p53 tumor suppressor. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:83. [PMID: 36316713 PMCID: PMC9624023 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00329-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thioredoxin-1 (TXN1) is one of the major cellular antioxidants in mammals and is involved in a wide range of physiological cellular responses. However, little is known about the roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms of TXN1 in the regulation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). METHODS TXN1 conditional knockout mice (ROSA-CreER-TXN1fl/fl) and TXN1fl/fl control mice were used. The mice were treated with tamoxifen and the number and biological functions of HSPCs were measured by flow cytometry, PCR and western blot. Limiting dilution competitive transplantation with sorted HSCs and serial transplantations were performed to assess the effects of TXN1 knockout on HSC self-renewal and long-term reconstitutional capacity. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to investigate the downstream molecular pathways of TXN1 deletion in murine HSPCs. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout experiments were performed in vitro in EML murine hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell line to investigate the effects of TXN1 and/or TP53 deletion on cell survival, senescence and colony forming units. TP53 protein degradation assay, CHiP PCR and PGL3 firefly/renilla reporter assay were performed. The effects of TXN1 on various molecular pathways relevant to HSC radiation protection were examined in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS TXN1-TP53 tumor suppressor axis regulates HSPC biological fitness. Deletion of TXN1 in HSPCs using in vivo and in vitro models activates TP53 signaling pathway, and attenuates HSPC capacity to reconstitute hematopoiesis. Furthermore, we found that knocking out of TXN1 renders HSPCs more sensitive to radiation and treatment with recombinant TXN1 promotes the proliferation and expansion of HSPCs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that TXN1-TP53 axis acts as a regulatory mechanism in HSPC biological functions. Additionally, our study demonstrates the clinical potential of TXN1 for enhancing hematopoietic recovery in hematopoietic stem cell transplant and protecting HSPCs from radiation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaima Jabbar
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 2400 Pratt Street, Suite 5000, Durham, NC, DUMC 396127710, USA
| | - Parker Mathews
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 2400 Pratt Street, Suite 5000, Durham, NC, DUMC 396127710, USA
| | - Xiaobei Wang
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 2400 Pratt Street, Suite 5000, Durham, NC, DUMC 396127710, USA
| | - Pasupathi Sundaramoorthy
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 2400 Pratt Street, Suite 5000, Durham, NC, DUMC 396127710, USA
| | - Emily Chu
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 2400 Pratt Street, Suite 5000, Durham, NC, DUMC 396127710, USA
| | - Sadhna O Piryani
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 2400 Pratt Street, Suite 5000, Durham, NC, DUMC 396127710, USA
| | - Shengli Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Xiling Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Phuong L Doan
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 2400 Pratt Street, Suite 5000, Durham, NC, DUMC 396127710, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yubin Kang
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 2400 Pratt Street, Suite 5000, Durham, NC, DUMC 396127710, USA.
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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48
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Wright DE, Siddika T, Heinemann IU, O’Donoghue P. Delivery of the selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase 1 to mammalian cells. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1031756. [PMID: 36304926 PMCID: PMC9595596 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1031756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over-expression of genetically encoded thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) TrxR1 can be toxic to cells due to the formation of a truncated version of the enzyme. We developed a new mammalian cell-based model to investigate TrxR1 activity. Fusion of the HIV-derived cell penetrating peptide (TAT) enabled efficient cellular uptake of purified TrxR1 containing 21 genetically encoded amino acids, including selenocysteine. The TAT peptide did not significantly alter the catalytic activity of TrxR1 in vitro. We monitored TrxR1-dependent redox activity in human cells using a TrxR1-specific red fluorescent live-cell reporter. Using programmed selenocysteine incorporation in Escherichia coli, our approach allowed efficient production of active recombinant human selenoprotein TrxR1 for delivery to the homologous context of the mammalian cell. The delivered TAT-TrxR1 showed robust activity in live cells and provided a novel platform to study TrxR1 biology in human cells.
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Huang LH, Li XJ, Wang YT, Jia SR, Xin B, Zhong C. Enhancing bacterial cellulose production with hypoxia-inducible factors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:7099-7112. [PMID: 36184690 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12192-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Komagataeibacter xylinus is an aerobic strain that produces bacterial cellulose (BC). Oxygen levels play a critical role in regulating BC synthesis in K. xylinus, and an increase in oxygen tension generally means a decrease in BC production. Fumarate nitrate reduction protein (FNR) and aerobic respiration control protein A (ArcA) are hypoxia-inducible factors, which can signal whether oxygen is present in the environment. In this study, FNR and ArcA were used to enhance the efficiency of oxygen signaling in K. xylinus, and globally regulate the transcription of the genome to cope with hypoxic conditions, with the goal of improving growth and BC production. FNR and ArcA were individually overexpressed in K. xylinus, and the engineered strains were cultivated under different oxygen tensions to explore how their overexpression affects cellular metabolism and regulation. Although FNR overexpression did not improve BC production, ArcA overexpression increased BC production by 24.0% and 37.5% as compared to the control under oxygen tensions of 15% and 40%, respectively. Transcriptome analysis showed that FNR and ArcA overexpression changed the way K. xylinus coped with oxygen tension changes, and that both FNR and ArcA overexpression enhanced the BC synthesis pathway. The results of this study provide a new perspective on the effect of oxygen signaling on growth and BC production in K. xylinus and suggest a promising strategy for enhancing BC production through metabolic engineering. KEY POINTS: • K. xylinus BC production increased after overexpression of ArcA • The young's modulus is enhanced by the ArcA overexpression • ArcA and FNR overexpression changed how cells coped with changes in oxygen tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Hui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition & Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition & Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition & Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ru Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition & Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition & Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition & Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Lever J, Kreuder F, Henry J, Hung A, Allard PM, Brkljača R, Rix C, Taki AC, Gasser RB, Kaslin J, Wlodkowic D, Wolfender JL, Urban S. Targeted Isolation of Antibiotic Brominated Alkaloids from the Marine Sponge Pseudoceratina durissima Using Virtual Screening and Molecular Networking. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20090554. [PMID: 36135743 PMCID: PMC9503778 DOI: 10.3390/md20090554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Many targeted natural product isolation approaches rely on the use of pre-existing bioactivity information to inform the strategy used for the isolation of new bioactive compounds. Bioactivity information can be available either in the form of prior assay data or via Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) information which can indicate a potential chemotype that exhibits a desired bioactivity. The work described herein utilizes a unique method of targeted isolation using structure-based virtual screening to identify potential antibacterial compounds active against MRSA within the marine sponge order Verongiida. This is coupled with molecular networking-guided, targeted isolation to provide a novel drug discovery procedure. A total of 12 previously reported bromotyrosine-derived alkaloids were isolated from the marine sponge species Pseudoceratina durissima, and the compound, (+)-aeroplysinin-1 (1) displayed activity against the MRSA pathogen (MIC: <32 µg/mL). The compounds (1−3, 6 and 9) were assessed for their central nervous system (CNS) interaction and behavioral toxicity to zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae, whereby several of the compounds were shown to induce significant hyperactivity. Anthelmintic activity against the parasitic nematode Haemonchus contorutus was also evaluated (2−4, 6−8).
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Affiliation(s)
- James Lever
- School of Science (Applied Chemistry and Environmental Sciences), RMIT University, GPO Box 2476 Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Florian Kreuder
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jason Henry
- Neurotoxicology Lab., School of Science (Biosciences), RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Andrew Hung
- School of Science (Applied Chemistry and Environmental Sciences), RMIT University, GPO Box 2476 Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | | | - Robert Brkljača
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Colin Rix
- School of Science (Applied Chemistry and Environmental Sciences), RMIT University, GPO Box 2476 Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Aya C. Taki
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agriculture Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Robin B. Gasser
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agriculture Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Jan Kaslin
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Donald Wlodkowic
- Neurotoxicology Lab., School of Science (Biosciences), RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sylvia Urban
- School of Science (Applied Chemistry and Environmental Sciences), RMIT University, GPO Box 2476 Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
- Correspondence:
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