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Fu Y, Liu R, Zhao Y, Xie Y, Ren H, Wu Y, Zhang B, Chen X, Guo Y, Yao Y, Jiang W, Han R. Veliparib exerts protective effects in intracerebral hemorrhage mice by inhibiting the inflammatory response and accelerating hematoma resolution. Brain Res 2024; 1838:148988. [PMID: 38729332 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have potent anti-inflammatory effects, including the suppression of brain microglial activation. Veliparib, a well-known PARP1/2 inhibitor, exhibits particularly high brain penetration, but its effects on stroke outcome is unknown. Here, the effects of veliparib on the short-term outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the most lethal type of stroke, were investigated. Collagenase-induced mice ICH model was applied, and the T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging was performed to evaluate lesion volume. Motor function and hematoma volume were also measured. We further performed immunofluorescence, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and blood-brain barrier assessment to explore the potential mechanisms. Our results demonstrated veliparib reduced the ICH lesion volume dose-dependently and at a dosage of 5 mg/kg, veliparib significantly improved mouse motor function and promoted hematoma resolution at days 3 and 7 post-ICH. Veliparib inhibited glial activation and downregulated the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Veliparib significantly decreased microglia counts and inhibited peripheral immune cell infiltration into the brain on day 3 after ICH. Veliparib improved blood-brain barrier integrity at day 3 after ICH. These findings demonstrate that veliparib improves ICH outcome by inhibiting inflammatory responses and may represent a promising novel therapy for ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Fu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuexin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhan Xie
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Neurology, Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Honglei Ren
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Neurology, Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bohao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiuju Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Yao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Ranran Han
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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2
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Huang YL, Huang DY, Klochkov V, Chan CM, Chen YS, Lin WW. NLRX1 Inhibits LPS-Induced Microglial Death via Inducing p62-Dependent HO-1 Expression, Inhibiting MLKL and Activating PARP-1. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:481. [PMID: 38671928 PMCID: PMC11047433 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The activation of microglia and the production of cytokines are key factors contributing to progressive neurodegeneration. Despite the well-recognized neuronal programmed cell death regulated by microglial activation, the death of microglia themselves is less investigated. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat-containing X1 (NLRX1) functions as a scaffolding protein and is involved in various central nervous system diseases. In this study, we used the SM826 microglial cells to understand the role of NLRX1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cell death. We found LPS-induced cell death is blocked by necrostatin-1 and zVAD. Meanwhile, LPS can activate poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) to reduce DNA damage and induce heme oxygenase (HO)-1 expression to counteract cell death. NLRX1 silencing and PARP-1 inhibition by olaparib enhance LPS-induced SM826 microglial cell death in an additive manner. Less PARylation and higher DNA damage are observed in NLRX1-silencing cells. Moreover, LPS-induced HO-1 gene and protein expression through the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 axis are attenuated by NLRX1 silencing. In addition, the Nrf2-mediated positive feedback regulation of p62 is accordingly reduced by NLRX1 silencing. Of note, NLRX1 silencing does not affect LPS-induced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production but increases mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) activation and cell necroptosis. In addition, NLRX1 silencing blocks bafilomycin A1-induced PARP-1 activation. Taken together, for the first time, we demonstrate the role of NLRX1 in protecting microglia from LPS-induced cell death. The underlying protective mechanisms of NLRX1 include upregulating LPS-induced HO-1 expression via Nrf2-dependent p62 expression and downstream Keap1-Nrf2 axis, mediating PARP-1 activation for DNA repair via ROS- and autophagy-independent pathway, and reducing MLKL activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan
| | - Duen-Yi Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan
| | - Vladlen Klochkov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 23148, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 23148, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Shen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Taiwan University, Yunlin Branch, Yunlin 640203, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Wan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
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3
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Yang L, Guttman L, Dawson VL, Dawson TM. Parthanatos: Mechanisms, modulation, and therapeutic prospects in neurodegenerative disease and stroke. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116174. [PMID: 38552851 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Parthanatos is a cell death signaling pathway that has emerged as a compelling target for pharmaceutical intervention. It plays a pivotal role in the neuron loss and neuroinflammation that occurs in Parkinson's Disease (PD), Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Huntington's Disease (HD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and stroke. There are currently no treatments available to humans to prevent cell death in any of these diseases. This review provides an in-depth examination of the current understanding of the Parthanatos mechanism, with a particular focus on its implications in neuroinflammation and various diseases discussed herein. Furthermore, we thoroughly review potential intervention targets within the Parthanatos pathway. We dissect recent progress in inhibitory strategies, complimented by a detailed structural analysis of key Parthanatos executioners, PARP-1, AIF, and MIF, along with an assessment of their established inhibitors. We hope to introduce a new perspective on the feasibility of targeting components within the Parthanatos pathway, emphasizing its potential to bring about transformative outcomes in therapeutic interventions. By delineating therapeutic opportunities and known targets, we seek to emphasize the imperative of blocking Parthanatos as a precursor to developing disease-modifying treatments. This comprehensive exploration aims to catalyze a paradigm shift in our understanding of potential neurodegenerative disease therapeutics, advocating for the pursuit of effective interventions centered around Parthanatos inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Lauren Guttman
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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4
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Marino N, Bedeschi M, Vaccari ME, Cambiaghi M, Tesei A. Glitches in the brain: the dangerous relationship between radiotherapy and brain fog. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1328361. [PMID: 38515789 PMCID: PMC10956129 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1328361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Up to approximately 70% of cancer survivors report persistent deficits in memory, attention, speed of information processing, multi-tasking, and mental health functioning, a series of symptoms known as "brain fog." The severity and duration of such effects can vary depending on age, cancer type, and treatment regimens. In particular, every year, hundreds of thousands of patients worldwide undergo radiotherapy (RT) for primary brain tumors and brain metastases originating from extracranial tumors. Besides its potential benefits in the control of tumor progression, recent studies indicate that RT reprograms the brain tumor microenvironment inducing increased activation of microglia and astrocytes and a consequent general condition of neuroinflammation that in case it becomes chronic could lead to a cognitive decline. Furthermore, radiation can induce endothelium reticulum (ER) stress directly or indirectly by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) activating compensatory survival signaling pathways in the RT-surviving fraction of healthy neuronal and glial cells. In particular, the anomalous accumulation of misfolding proteins in neuronal cells exposed to radiation as a consequence of excessive activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) could pave the way to neurodegenerative disorders. Moreover, exposure of cells to ionizing radiation was also shown to affect the normal proteasome activity, slowing the degradation rate of misfolded proteins, and further exacerbating ER-stress conditions. This compromises several neuronal functions, with neuronal accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins with a consequent switch from proteasome to immunoproteasome that increases neuroinflammation, a crucial risk factor for neurodegeneration. The etiology of brain fog remains elusive and can arise not only during treatment but can also persist for an extended period after the end of RT. In this review, we will focus on the molecular pathways triggered by radiation therapy affecting cognitive functions and potentially at the origin of so-called "brain fog" symptomatology, with the aim to define novel therapeutic strategies to preserve healthy brain tissue from cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Marino
- Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Martina Bedeschi
- Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Melania Elettra Vaccari
- Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Marco Cambiaghi
- Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anna Tesei
- Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
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5
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Liu J, Xin X, Sun J, Fan Y, Zhou X, Gong W, Yang M, Li Z, Wang Y, Yang Y, Gao C. Dual-targeting AAV9P1-mediated neuronal reprogramming in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:629-635. [PMID: 37721294 PMCID: PMC10581548 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.380907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury results in neuronal loss and glial scar formation. Replenishing neurons and eliminating the consequences of glial scar formation are essential for treating traumatic brain injury. Neuronal reprogramming is a promising strategy to convert glial scars to neural tissue. However, previous studies have reported inconsistent results. In this study, an AAV9P1 vector incorporating an astrocyte-targeting P1 peptide and glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter was used to achieve dual-targeting of astrocytes and the glial scar while minimizing off-target effects. The results demonstrate that AAV9P1 provides high selectivity of astrocytes and reactive astrocytes. Moreover, neuronal reprogramming was induced by downregulating the polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 gene via systemic administration of AAV9P1 in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury. In summary, this approach provides an improved gene delivery vehicle to study neuronal programming and evidence of its applications for traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhou Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiejie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yueyue Fan
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Meiyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Chunsheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
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6
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Ramesh S, Almeida SD, Hammigi S, Radhakrishna GK, Sireesha G, Panneerselvam T, Vellingiri S, Kunjiappan S, Ammunje DN, Pavadai P. A Review of PARP-1 Inhibitors: Assessing Emerging Prospects and Tailoring Therapeutic Strategies. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2023; 73:491-505. [PMID: 37890514 DOI: 10.1055/a-2181-0813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic organisms contain an enzyme family called poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs), which is responsible for the poly (ADP-ribosylation) of DNA-binding proteins. PARPs are members of the cell signaling enzyme class. PARP-1, the most common isoform of the PARP family, is responsible for more than 90% of the tasks carried out by the PARP family as a whole. A superfamily consisting of 18 PARPs has been found. In order to synthesize polymers of ADP-ribose (PAR) and nicotinamide, the DNA damage nick monitor PARP-1 requires NAD+ as a substrate. The capability of PARP-1 activation to boost the transcription of proinflammatory genes, its ability to deplete cellular energy pools, which leads to cell malfunction and necrosis, and its involvement as a component in the process of DNA repair are the three consequences of PARP-1 activation that are of particular significance in the process of developing new drugs. As a result, the pharmacological reduction of PARP-1 may result in an increase in the cytotoxicity toward cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soundarya Ramesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shannon D Almeida
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sameerana Hammigi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, India
| | - Govardan Katta Radhakrishna
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, India
| | - Golla Sireesha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, India
| | - Theivendren Panneerselvam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shangavi Vellingiri
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Swamy Vivekananda College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvaraj Kunjiappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Damodar Nayak Ammunje
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, India
| | - Parasuraman Pavadai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, India
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7
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Xu X, Sun B, Zhao C. Poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase 1 and parthanatos in neurological diseases: From pathogenesis to therapeutic opportunities. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 187:106314. [PMID: 37783233 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is the most extensively studied member of the PARP superfamily, with its primary function being the facilitation of DNA damage repair processes. Parthanatos is a type of regulated cell death cascade initiated by PARP-1 hyperactivation, which involves multiple subroutines, including the accumulation of ADP-ribose polymers (PAR), binding of PAR and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), release of AIF from the mitochondria, the translocation of the AIF/macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) complex, and massive MIF-mediated DNA fragmentation. Over the past few decades, the role of PARP-1 in central nervous system health and disease has received increasing attention. In this review, we discuss the biological functions of PARP-1 in neural cell proliferation and differentiation, memory formation, brain ageing, and epigenetic regulation. We then elaborate on the involvement of PARP-1 and PARP-1-dependant parthanatos in various neuropathological processes, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, autophagy damage, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Additional highlight contains PARP-1's implications in the initiation, progression, and therapeutic opportunities for different neurological illnesses, including neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), multiple sclerosis (MS), epilepsy, and neuropathic pain (NP). Finally, emerging insights into the repurposing of PARP inhibitors for the management of neurological diseases are provided. This review aims to summarize the exciting advancements in the critical role of PARP-1 in neurological disorders, which may open new avenues for therapeutic options targeting PARP-1 or parthanatos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease Big Data of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.
| | - Bowen Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease Big Data of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuansheng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease Big Data of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.
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8
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Sridharan PS, Miller E, Pieper AA. Application of P7C3 Compounds to Investigating and Treating Acute and Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:1616-1628. [PMID: 37651054 PMCID: PMC10684439 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01427-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading worldwide cause of disability, and there are currently no medicines that prevent, reduce, or reverse acute or chronic neurodegeneration in TBI patients. Here, we review the target-agnostic discovery of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/NADH-stabilizing P7C3 compounds through a phenotypic screen in mice and describe how P7C3 compounds have been applied to advance understanding of the pathophysiology and potential treatment of TBI. We summarize how P7C3 compounds have been shown across multiple laboratories to mitigate disease progression safely and effectively in a broad range of preclinical models of disease related to impaired NAD+/NADH metabolism, including acute and chronic TBI, and note the reported safety and neuroprotective efficacy of P7C3 compounds in nonhuman primates. We also describe how P7C3 compounds facilitated the recent first demonstration that chronic neurodegeneration 1 year after TBI in mice, the equivalent of many decades in people, can be reversed to restore normal neuropsychiatric function. We additionally review how P7C3 compounds have facilitated discovery of new pathophysiologic mechanisms of neurodegeneration after TBI. This includes the role of rapid TBI-induced tau acetylation that drives axonal degeneration, and the discovery of brain-derived acetylated tau as the first blood-based biomarker of neurodegeneration after TBI that directly correlates with the abundance of a therapeutic target in the brain. We additionally review the identification of TBI-induced tau acetylation as a potential mechanistic link between TBI and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. Lastly, we summarize historical accounts of other successful phenotypic-based drug discoveries that advanced medical care without prior recognition of the specific molecular target needed to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethy S Sridharan
- Brain Health Medicines Center, Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Geriatric Psychiatry, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Emiko Miller
- Brain Health Medicines Center, Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Geriatric Psychiatry, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Andrew A Pieper
- Brain Health Medicines Center, Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Geriatric Psychiatry, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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9
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Mekhaeil M, Conroy MJ, Dev KK. Olaparib Attenuates Demyelination and Neuroinflammation in an Organotypic Slice Culture Model of Metachromatic Leukodystrophy. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:1347-1368. [PMID: 37525026 PMCID: PMC10480139 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01409-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is a severe demyelinating, autosomal recessive genetic leukodystrophy. The disease is underpinned by mutations in the arylsulfatase A gene (ARSA), resulting in deficient activity of the arylsulfatase A lysosomal enzyme and consequential accumulation of galactosylceramide-3-O-sulfate (sulfatide) in the brain. Using an ex vivo murine-derived organotypic cerebellar slice culture model, we demonstrate that sulfatide induces demyelination in a concentration-dependent manner. Interestingly, our novel data demonstrate that sulfatide-induced demyelination is underpinned by PARP-1 activation, oligodendrocyte loss, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, astrogliosis, and microgliosis. Moreover, such sulfatide-induced effects can be attenuated by the treatment with the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) inhibitor Olaparib (IC50∼100 nM) suggesting that this small molecule may be neuroprotective and limit toxin-induced demyelination. Our data support the idea that sulfatide is a key driver of demyelination and neuroinflammation in MLD and suggest that PARP-1 inhibitors have therapeutic utility in the sphere of rare demyelinating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Mekhaeil
- Drug Development Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2 Ireland
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Melissa Jane Conroy
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Kumlesh Kumar Dev
- Drug Development Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2 Ireland
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10
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Lu Y, Jarrahi A, Moore N, Bartoli M, Brann DW, Baban B, Dhandapani KM. Inflammaging, cellular senescence, and cognitive aging after traumatic brain injury. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 180:106090. [PMID: 36934795 PMCID: PMC10763650 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with mortality and morbidity worldwide. Accumulating pre-clinical and clinical data suggests TBI is the leading extrinsic cause of progressive neurodegeneration. Neurological deterioration after either a single moderate-severe TBI or repetitive mild TBI often resembles dementia in aged populations; however, no currently approved therapies adequately mitigate neurodegeneration. Inflammation correlates with neurodegenerative changes and cognitive dysfunction for years post-TBI, suggesting a potential association between immune activation and both age- and TBI-induced cognitive decline. Inflammaging, a chronic, low-grade sterile inflammation associated with natural aging, promotes cognitive decline. Cellular senescence and the subsequent development of a senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) promotes inflammaging and cognitive aging, although the functional association between senescent cells and neurodegeneration is poorly defined after TBI. In this mini-review, we provide an overview of the pre-clinical and clinical evidence linking cellular senescence with poor TBI outcomes. We also discuss the current knowledge and future potential for senotherapeutics, including senolytics and senomorphics, which kill and/or modulate senescent cells, as potential therapeutics after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America.
| | - Abbas Jarrahi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Moore
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Manuela Bartoli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Darrell W Brann
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Babak Baban
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Services, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Krishnan M Dhandapani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America.
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11
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Sankar S, Dhakshinamoorthy V, Rajakumar G. PARP in the neuropathogenesis of cytomegalovirus infection - Possible role and therapeutic perspective. Microb Pathog 2023; 176:106018. [PMID: 36736800 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus infects the majority of the population globally. Congenital CMV infection acquired through primary maternal infection in pregnancy is the most common intrauterine infection with a high mortality rate due to severe long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae. The demyelination and neuroinflammation during CMV infection have been attributed to altered immune response and ROS-mediated apoptosis. PARP-1 protein is linked to apoptotic neuronal loss with subsequent neurotoxicity and CNS injury as a result of PARP hyperactivation. PARP-1 play a critical role in the establishment of latency including EBV, HHV-8 and HIV. Research on PARP inhibitors recently shows significant progress against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and cancer therapy including malignant lymphoma and hepatitis B virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. The role of PARP1 in the neuropathogenesis of CMV and the potential of PARP inhibitors in the prevention of neurological sequelae is still elusive. Further studies on the role of PARP on the neuropathogenesis of CMV infection can help thwart neurodegeneration through the potential development of PARP inhibitors such as small molecule inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Sankar
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600 077, India.
| | - Vasanth Dhakshinamoorthy
- PG Research & Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, 620 001, India
| | - Govindasamy Rajakumar
- Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
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12
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Krishnan Muthaiah VP, Kaliyappan K, Mahajan SD. Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase-1 inhibition by 3-aminobenzamide recuperates HEI-OC1 auditory hair cells from blast overpressure-induced cell death. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1047308. [PMID: 36949771 PMCID: PMC10025353 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1047308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase-1 (PARP1), a DNA repair enzyme is implicated as a key molecule in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders. Traumatic insults inducing oxidative stress results in its over-activation causing inflammation and cell death (Parthanatos). As PARP1 inhibition is known to reduce oxidative stress, we hypothesized that PARP1 inhibition by a known inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide (3AB) might recuperate the damage in an in vitro model of blast injury using HEI-OC1 cells (mouse auditory hair cells). Methods: Here, we evaluated the protective effect of 3AB on HEI-OC1 cells following single and repetitive blast overpressures (BOPs). Results: We found that inhibition of PARP1 b 3AB inhibits the PARP1 enzyme and its action of a post-translational modification i.e. formation of Poly ADP-Ribose Polymers which leads to massive ATP depletion. PARP inhibition (3AB treatment) reduced the oxidative stress (4HNE, a marker of lipid peroxidation, and 8OHdG, a marker of oxidative DNA damage) in cells exposed to single/repetitive BOPS through up-regulation of Nrf2, a transcriptional regulator of antioxidant defense and the GCLC, a rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of glutathione. Discussion: Overall, we found that PARP inhibition by 3AB helps to maintain the viability of BOP-exposed auditory hair cells by recuperating the ATP pool from both mitochondrial and glycolytic sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Prakash Krishnan Muthaiah
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Vijaya Prakash Krishnan Muthaiah,
| | - Kathiravan Kaliyappan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Supriya D. Mahajan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Clinical Translational Research Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
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13
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Song H, Ding Z, Chen J, Chen T, Wang T, Huang J. The AMPK-SIRT1-FoxO1-NF-κB signaling pathway participates in hesperetin-mediated neuroprotective effects against traumatic brain injury via the NLRP3 inflammasome. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44:970-983. [PMID: 35786120 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2096464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces inflammations that lead to secondary damage. Hesperetin (Hes) exerts anti-inflammatory activities against central nervous system (CNS) diseases. This article probes the possible neuroprotective effect and mechanism of Hes on TBI-induced acute cerebral damage. METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to controlled cortical impingement (CCI) and Hes (50 mg/kg) treatment after the surgery. Short-term neurological deficits were assessed with the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and the Rota-rod test. The brain edema was tested by the wet/dry method. Neuron apoptosis was evaluated by Nissl staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity was measured by Evans' blue staining, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was conducted to study BV2 microglial activation. BV2 microglia and HT22 neuronal cells were stimulated by oxygen-glucose deprivation followed by recovery (OGD/R) and processed with Hes. Quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were implemented to gauge the expression of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-β (IL-1-β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Western blot (WB) was performed to check AMPK-SIRT1-FoxO1 both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Hes eased neurological deficits, cerebral edema, and neuronal apoptosis in mice following TBI. Hes hampered microglial activation and pro-inflammatory cytokines production. Hes promoted AMPK and SIRT1 expression, whereas repressed the phosphorylation of FoxO1-NF-κB, and inhibited NLRP3 expression. The AMPK inhibitor Compound C markedly reversed Hes-mediated anti-inflammatory and neuron-protective effects. CONCLUSION Hes curbs microglial activation-mediated inflammation via the AMPK-SIRT1-FoxO1-NF-κB axis, thereby improving neurobehavioral function after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhongyun Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jilin Chen
- Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Tingbao Chen
- Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Tinghua Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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14
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Nie Z, Tan L, Niu J, Wang B. The role of regulatory necrosis in traumatic brain injury. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1005422. [PMID: 36329694 PMCID: PMC9622788 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1005422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in the population worldwide, of which key injury mechanism involving the death of nerve cells. Many recent studies have shown that regulatory necrosis is involved in the pathological process of TBI which includes necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, parthanatos, and Cyclophilin D (CypD) mediated necrosis. Therefore, targeting the signaling pathways involved in regulatory necrosis may be an effective strategy to reduce the secondary injury after TBI. Meanwhile, drugs or genes are used as interference factors in various types of regulatory necrosis, so as to explore the potential treatment methods for the secondary injury after TBI. This review summarizes the current progress on regulatory necrosis in TBI.
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15
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Ai D, Wu J, Cai H, Zhao D, Chen Y, Wei J, Xu J, Zhang J, Wang L. A multi-task FP-GNN framework enables accurate prediction of selective PARP inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:971369. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.971369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PARP (poly ADP-ribose polymerase) family is a crucial DNA repair enzyme that responds to DNA damage, regulates apoptosis, and maintains genome stability; therefore, PARP inhibitors represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of various human diseases including COVID-19. In this study, a multi-task FP-GNN (Fingerprint and Graph Neural Networks) deep learning framework was proposed to predict the inhibitory activity of molecules against four PARP isoforms (PARP-1, PARP-2, PARP-5A, and PARP-5B). Compared with baseline predictive models based on four conventional machine learning methods such as RF, SVM, XGBoost, and LR as well as six deep learning algorithms such as DNN, Attentive FP, MPNN, GAT, GCN, and D-MPNN, the evaluation results indicate that the multi-task FP-GNN method achieves the best performance with the highest average BA, F1, and AUC values of 0.753 ± 0.033, 0.910 ± 0.045, and 0.888 ± 0.016 for the test set. In addition, Y-scrambling testing successfully verified that the model was not results of chance correlation. More importantly, the interpretability of the multi-task FP-GNN model enabled the identification of key structural fragments associated with the inhibition of each PARP isoform. To facilitate the use of the multi-task FP-GNN model in the field, an online webserver called PARPi-Predict and its local version software were created to predict whether compounds bear potential inhibitory activity against PARPs, thereby contributing to design and discover better selective PARP inhibitors.
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16
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Wang C, Jiang Q, Zhao P. Sevoflurane exposure during the second trimester induces neurotoxicity in offspring rats by hyperactivation of PARP-1. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:3031-3045. [PMID: 35859039 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Fetal exposure to general anesthesia may cause noteworthy neurocognitive impairment, but the mechanisms are unclear. OBJECTIVES Our study designed to explore the potential mechanism of neurotoxicity in offspring rats after sevoflurane exposure to the pregnant rats during the second trimester. METHODS Pregnant rats (G14 day) were administrated with or without 3.5% sevoflurane, 40 mg/kg 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB), inhibitor of poly ADP ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1), or 10 mg/kg TC-2153, inhibitor of striatal-enriched phosphatase 61 (STEP61). Afterwards, the effects on expression of β-tubulin (TUJ1), neurite outgrowth inhibitor A (Nogo-A), parthanatos-related and STEP61/proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) pathway-associated proteins, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were examined by immunofluorescence staining, Western blot, and dihydroethidium (DHE) staining, respectively. Moreover, morphological changes in the hippocampal CA3 region and neuronal cell death were tested by glycine silver staining and TUNEL and immunofluorescence double staining, respectively. Furthermore, spatial learning and memory functions of rats on postnatal 28-33 days (PND 28-33) were evaluated by morris water maze (MWM). RESULTS Mid-pregnancy exposure to sevoflurane led to excessive PARP-1 activation, poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymer accumulation, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) nuclear translocation, and Nogo-A accumulation. Besides, sevoflurane significantly inhibited neurite growth and increased cell death in the fetal rat brain. Additionally, sevoflurane activated STEP61/Pyk2 pathway and increased ROS levels. However, 3-AB or TC-2153 significantly alleviated cell death, promoted neurites growth, and improved sevoflurane-induced spatial learning and memory impairment. CONCLUSION This study proposes that sevoflurane exposure during the second trimester incudes neurotoxicity in offspring rats by hyperactivation of PARP-1 via STEP61/Pyk2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China.
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17
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Wang X, Zhang W, Ge P, Yu M, Meng H. Parthanatos participates in glutamate-mediated HT22 cell injury and hippocampal neuronal death in kainic acid-induced status epilepticus rats. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:2032-2043. [PMID: 35909335 PMCID: PMC9627358 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Epileptic seizures or status epilepticus (SE) can cause hippocampal neuronal death, which has detrimental effects. Parthanatos, a new form of programmed cell death, is characterized by hyperactivation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), excessive synthesis of poly ADP-ribose polymer, mitochondrial depolarization, and nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor, observed in various neurodegenerative disorders but rarely reported in epilepsy. We aimed to investigate whether parthanatos participates in the mechanism of seizure-induced hippocampal neuronal death. METHODS Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity cell model was used to study the mechanism of seizure-induced cell injury. Injection of kainic acid into the amygdala was used to establish the epileptic rat model. Corresponding biochemical tests were carried out on hippocampal tissues and HT22 cells following indicated treatments. RESULTS In vitro, glutamate time-dependently induced HT22 cell death, accompanied by parthanatos-related biochemical events. Pretreatment with PJ34 (PARP-1 inhibitor) or small interfering RNA-mediated PARP-1 knockdown effectively protected HT22 cells against glutamate-induced toxic effects and attenuated parthanatos-related biochemical events. Application of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) rescued HT22 cell death and reversed parthanatos-related biochemical events. In vivo, PJ34 and NAC afforded protection against SE-induced hippocampal neuronal damage and inhibited parthanatos-related biochemical events. CONCLUSION Parthanatos participates in glutamate-induced HT22 cell injury and hippocampal neuronal damage in rats following epileptic seizures. ROS might be the initiating factor during parthanatos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience CenterFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilinPeople's Republic of China,Department of NeurologyBeijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Wuqiong Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience CenterFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilinPeople's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Ge
- Department of NeurologyFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilinPeople's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Yu
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience CenterFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilinPeople's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Meng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience CenterFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilinPeople's Republic of China
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18
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Zhang LM, Xin Y, Wu ZY, Song RX, Miao HT, Zheng WC, Li Y, Zhang DX, Zhao XC. STING mediates neuroinflammatory response by activating NLRP3-related pyroptosis in severe traumatic brain injury. J Neurochem 2022; 162:444-462. [PMID: 35892155 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Long-term neurological deficits after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), including cognitive dysfunction and emotional impairments, can significantly impair rehabilitation. Glial activation induced by inflammatory response is involved in the neurological deficits post-TBI. This study aimed to investigate the role of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) signaling in a rodent model of severe TBI. Severe TBI models were established using weight-drop plus blood loss-reinfusion. Selective STING agonist ADU-S100 or antagonist C-176 was given as a single dose after modeling. Further, NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 or activator nigericin, or caspase-1 inhibitor VX765, was given as an intracerebroventricular injection 30 min before modeling. After that, a novel object recognition test, open field test, force swimming test, western blot, and immunofluorescence assays were used to assess behavioral and pathological changes in severe TBI. Administration of C-176 alleviated TBI-induced cognitive dysfunction and emotional impairments, neuronal loss, and inflammatory activation of glia cells. However, the administration of STING agonist ADU-S100 exacerbated TBI-induced behavioral and pathological changes. In addition, STING activation exacerbated pyroptosis-associated neuroinflammation via promoting glial activation, as evidenced by increased cleaved caspase-1 and GSDMD N-terminal expression. In contrast, the administration of C-176 showed anti-pyroptotic effects. The neuroprotective effects of C-176 were partially reversed by the NLRP3 activator, nigericin. Collectively, glial STING is responsible for neuroinflammation post-TBI. However, pharmacologic inhibition of STING led to a remarkable improvement of neuroinflammation partly through suppressing NLRP3 signaling. The STING-NLRP3 signaling is a potential therapeutic target in TBI-induced neurological dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in Osteoarthrosis Research (Preparing)
| | - Yue Xin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-You Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Xin Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Tao Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Chao Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Xue Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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19
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Mercau ME, Patwa S, Bhat KPL, Ghosh S, Rothlin CV. Cell death in development, maintenance, and diseases of the nervous system. Semin Immunopathol 2022; 44:725-738. [PMID: 35508671 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-022-00938-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell death, be it of neurons or glial cells, marks the development of the nervous system. Albeit relatively less so than in tissues such as the gut, cell death is also a feature of nervous system homeostasis-especially in context of adult neurogenesis. Finally, cell death is commonplace in acute brain injuries, chronic neurodegenerative diseases, and in some central nervous system tumors such as glioblastoma. Recent studies are enumerating the various molecular modalities involved in the execution of cells. Intimately linked with cell death are mechanisms of disposal that remove the dead cell and bring about a tissue-level response. Heretofore, the association between these methods of dying and physiological or pathological responses has remained nebulous. It is envisioned that careful cartography of death and disposal may reveal novel understandings of disease states and chart new therapeutic strategies in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Mercau
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Siraj Patwa
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Krishna P L Bhat
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Division of Pathology-Lab Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carla V Rothlin
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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20
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Zhu J, Lee MJ, Chang HJ, Ju X, Cui J, Lee YL, Go D, Chung W, Oh E, Heo JY. Reactive microglia and mitochondrial unfolded protein response following ventriculomegaly and behavior defects in kaolin-induced hydrocephalus. BMB Rep 2022. [PMID: 34903317 PMCID: PMC9058473 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022.55.4.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventriculomegaly induced by the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leads to hydrocephalus, which is accompanied by neuroinflammation and mitochondrial oxidative stress. The mitochondrial stress activates mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), which is essential for mitochondrial protein homeostasis. However, the association of inflammatory response and UPRmt in the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus is still unclear. To assess their relevance in the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus, we established a kaolin-induced hydrocephalus model in 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice and evaluated it over time. We found that kaolin-injected mice showed prominent ventricular dilation, motor behavior defects at the 3-day, followed by the activation of microglia and UPRmt in the motor cortex at the 5-day. In addition, PARP-1/NF-κB signaling and apoptotic cell death appeared at the 5-day. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that activation of microglia and UPRmt occurs after hydrocephalic ventricular expansion and behavioral abnormal-ities which could be lead to apoptotic neuronal cell death, providing a new perspective on the pathogenic mechanism of hydrocephalus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiebo Zhu
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Min Joung Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Chang
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Xianshu Ju
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Jianchen Cui
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Yu Lim Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Dahyun Go
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Woosuk Chung
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Eungseok Oh
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Jun Young Heo
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
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21
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Chou A, Torres-Espín A, Huie JR, Krukowski K, Lee S, Nolan A, Guglielmetti C, Hawkins BE, Chaumeil MM, Manley GT, Beattie MS, Bresnahan JC, Martone ME, Grethe JS, Rosi S, Ferguson AR. Empowering Data Sharing and Analytics through the Open Data Commons for Traumatic Brain Injury Research. Neurotrauma Rep 2022; 3:139-157. [PMID: 35403104 PMCID: PMC8985540 DOI: 10.1089/neur.2021.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem. Despite considerable research deciphering injury pathophysiology, precision therapies remain elusive. Here, we present large-scale data sharing and machine intelligence approaches to leverage TBI complexity. The Open Data Commons for TBI (ODC-TBI) is a community-centered repository emphasizing Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable data sharing and publication with persistent identifiers. Importantly, the ODC-TBI implements data sharing of individual subject data, enabling pooling for high-sample-size, feature-rich data sets for machine learning analytics. We demonstrate pooled ODC-TBI data analyses, starting with descriptive analytics of subject-level data from 11 previously published articles (N = 1250 subjects) representing six distinct pre-clinical TBI models. Second, we perform unsupervised machine learning on multi-cohort data to identify persistent inflammatory patterns across different studies, improving experimental sensitivity for pro- versus anti-inflammation effects. As funders and journals increasingly mandate open data practices, ODC-TBI will create new scientific opportunities for researchers and facilitate multi-data-set, multi-dimensional analytics toward effective translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Chou
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Abel Torres-Espín
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - J Russell Huie
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Karen Krukowski
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sangmi Lee
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amber Nolan
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Caroline Guglielmetti
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Bridget E Hawkins
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Moody Project for Traumatic Brain Injury Research, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Myriam M Chaumeil
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Geoffrey T Manley
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael S Beattie
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Francisco, California, USA
- Weill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jacqueline C Bresnahan
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Weill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Maryann E Martone
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Grethe
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Susanna Rosi
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Weill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Kavli Institute of Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Adam R Ferguson
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Francisco, California, USA
- Weill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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22
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Medrano-Jiménez E, Meza-Sosa KF, Urbán-Aragón JA, Secundino I, Pedraza-Alva G, Pérez-Martínez L. Microglial activation in Alzheimer's disease: The role of flavonoids and microRNAs. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:47-77. [PMID: 35293018 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr1021-531r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of senile dementia and is characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and neuronal degeneration. Microglial activation is an important pathologic hallmark of AD. During disease progression, microglial cells switch from an alternative or anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective profile (M2) to a classic or proinflammatory and neurotoxic profile (M1). Phenotypically, M1 microglia is characterized by the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways that cause increased expression of proinflammatory genes, including those coding for cytokines and chemokines. This microglia-mediated neuroinflammation contributes to neuronal cell death. Recent studies in microglial cells have shown that a group of plant-derived compounds, known as flavonoids, possess anti-inflammatory properties and therefore exert a neuroprotective effect through regulating microglia activation. Here, we discuss how flavonoids can promote the switch from an inflammatory M1 phenotype to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype in microglia and how this represents a valuable opportunity for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to blunt neuroinflammation and boost neuronal recovery in AD. We also review how certain flavonoids can inhibit neuroinflammation through their action on the expression of microglia-specific microRNAs (miRNAs), which also constitute a key therapeutic approach in different neuropathologies involving an inflammatory component, including AD. Finally, we propose novel targets of microglia-specific miRNAs that may be considered for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Medrano-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Karla F Meza-Sosa
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - José A Urbán-Aragón
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Ismael Secundino
- Universidad De La Salle Bajío, Facultad de Odontología y Escuela de Veterinaria, León-Guanajuato, México
| | - Gustavo Pedraza-Alva
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Leonor Pérez-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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23
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Wang Y, Pleasure D, Deng W, Guo F. Therapeutic Potentials of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 (PARP1) Inhibition in Multiple Sclerosis and Animal Models: Concept Revisiting. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2102853. [PMID: 34935305 PMCID: PMC8844485 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) plays a fundamental role in DNA repair and gene expression. Excessive PARP1 hyperactivation, however, has been associated with cell death. PARP1 and/or its activity are dysregulated in the immune and central nervous system of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and animal models. Pharmacological PARP1 inhibition is shown to be protective against immune activation and disease severity in MS animal models while genetic PARP1 deficiency studies reported discrepant results. The inconsistency suggests that the function of PARP1 and PARP1-mediated PARylation may be complex and context-dependent. The article reviews PARP1 functions, discusses experimental findings and possible interpretations of PARP1 in inflammation, neuronal/axonal degeneration, and oligodendrogliopathy, three major pathological components cooperatively determining MS disease course and neurological progression, and points out future research directions. Cell type specific PARP1 manipulations are necessary for revisiting the role of PARP1 in the three pathological components prior to moving PARP1 inhibition into clinical trials for MS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of NeurologySchool of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA95817USA
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative MedicineUC Davis School of Medicine/Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenSacramentoCAUSA
| | - David Pleasure
- Department of NeurologySchool of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA95817USA
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative MedicineUC Davis School of Medicine/Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenSacramentoCAUSA
| | - Wenbin Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006China
| | - Fuzheng Guo
- Department of NeurologySchool of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA95817USA
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative MedicineUC Davis School of Medicine/Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenSacramentoCAUSA
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24
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Mekhaeil M, Dev KK, Conroy MJ. Existing Evidence for the Repurposing of PARP-1 Inhibitors in Rare Demyelinating Diseases. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030687. [PMID: 35158955 PMCID: PMC8833351 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitors are successful cancer therapeutics that impair DNA repair machinery, leading to an accumulation of DNA damage and consequently cell death. The shared underlying mechanisms driving malignancy and demyelinating disease, together with the success of anticancer drugs as repurposed therapeutics, makes the repurposing of PARP-1 inhibitors for demyelinating diseases a worthy concept to consider. In addition, PARP-1 inhibitors demonstrate notable neuroprotective effects in demyelinating disorders, including multiple sclerosis which is considered the archetypical demyelinating disease. Abstract Over the past decade, Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitors have arisen as a novel and promising targeted therapy for breast cancer gene (BRCA)-mutated ovarian and breast cancer patients. Therapies targeting the enzyme, PARP-1, have since established their place as maintenance drugs for cancer. Here, we present existing evidence that implicates PARP-1 as a player in the development and progression of both malignancy and demyelinating disease. These findings, together with the proven clinical efficacy and marketed success of PARP-1 inhibitors in cancer, present the repurposing of these drugs for demyelinating diseases as a desirable therapeutic concept. Indeed, PARP-1 inhibitors are noted to demonstrate neuroprotective effects in demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease, further supporting the use of these drugs in demyelinating, neuroinflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the potential for repurposing PARP-1 inhibitors, with a focus on rare demyelinating diseases. In particular, we address the possible use of PARP-1 inhibitors in examples of rare leukodystrophies, for which there are a paucity of treatment options and an urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Mekhaeil
- Drug Development Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D18 DH50 Dublin, Ireland; (M.M.); (K.K.D.)
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D18 DH50 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kumlesh Kumar Dev
- Drug Development Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D18 DH50 Dublin, Ireland; (M.M.); (K.K.D.)
| | - Melissa Jane Conroy
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D18 DH50 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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25
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Gutierrez-Quintana R, Walker DJ, Williams KJ, Forster DM, Chalmers AJ. Radiation-induced neuroinflammation: a potential protective role for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors? Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdab190. [PMID: 35118383 PMCID: PMC8807076 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) plays a fundamental role in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). GBM are notoriously invasive and harbor a subpopulation of cells with stem-like features which exhibit upregulation of the DNA damage response (DDR) and are radioresistant. High radiation doses are therefore delivered to large brain volumes and are known to extend survival but also cause delayed toxicity with 50%-90% of patients developing neurocognitive dysfunction. Emerging evidence identifies neuroinflammation as a critical mediator of the adverse effects of RT on cognitive function. In addition to its well-established role in promoting repair of radiation-induced DNA damage, activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) can exacerbate neuroinflammation by promoting secretion of inflammatory mediators. Therefore, PARP represents an intriguing mechanistic link between radiation-induced activation of the DDR and subsequent neuroinflammation. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have emerged as promising new agents for GBM when given in combination with RT, with multiple preclinical studies demonstrating radiosensitizing effects and at least 3 compounds being evaluated in clinical trials. We propose that concomitant use of PARPi could reduce radiation-induced neuroinflammation and reduce the severity of radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction while at the same time improving tumor control by enhancing radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Gutierrez-Quintana
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - David J Walker
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kaye J Williams
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Duncan M Forster
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, Manchester Molecular Imaging Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anthony J Chalmers
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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26
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Ruan Z, Lu Q, Wang JE, Zhou M, Liu S, Zhang H, Durvasula A, Wang Y, Wang Y, Luo W, Wang Y. MIF promotes neurodegeneration and cell death via its nuclease activity following traumatic brain injury. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:39. [DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Jiao Y, Li G. PARP inhibitor PJ34 ameliorates cognitive impairments induced by transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion through its anti-inflammatory effects in a rat model. Neurosci Lett 2021; 764:136202. [PMID: 34478817 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is a major health threat to humankind around the world, and the reperfusion methods may provoke irreversible damages to brain tissues, causing impairment of neurological function. The goal of this study is to investigate the potential neurological protective effect of PJ34, a well-characterized poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) inhibitor, on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced injury of the rat model. The cerebral I/R rats were received (3, 6, or 12 mg/kg) injections of PJ34 or saline at 24 h, 6 h before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and 1 h, 24 h, and 48 h after MCAO. All rats were subject to the neurological behavior tests by open field test and Morris water maze test. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in cerebral tissues was also determined. Our results demonstrated that the administration of PJ34 dose-dependently ameliorated cerebral I/R-induced injury and improved neurological performance of cerebral I/R rats. We also revealed that PJ34 treatment effectively reduced COX2, iNOS, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the I/R-induced injury tissues. Our finding further supports that inhibition of PARP-1 activity is beneficial for reducing post-I/R-induced brain damage via targeting inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.5 Haiyuncang, Dongcheng District, Beijing 10000, China
| | - Guoyan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.5 Haiyuncang, Dongcheng District, Beijing 10000, China.
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28
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Nelson MM, Hoff JD, Zeese ML, Corfas G. Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 Regulates Cajal-Retzius Cell Development and Neural Precursor Cell Adhesion. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:693595. [PMID: 34708032 PMCID: PMC8542860 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.693595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is a ubiquitously expressed enzyme that regulates DNA damage repair, cell death, inflammation, and transcription. PARP1 functions by adding ADP-ribose polymers (PAR) to proteins including itself, using NAD+ as a donor. This post-translational modification known as PARylation results in changes in the activity of PARP1 and its substrate proteins and has been linked to the pathogenesis of various neurological diseases. PARP1 KO mice display schizophrenia-like behaviors, have impaired memory formation, and have defects in neuronal proliferation and survival, while mutations in genes that affect PARylation have been associated with intellectual disability, psychosis, neurodegeneration, and stroke in humans. Yet, the roles of PARP1 in brain development have not been extensively studied. We now find that loss of PARP1 leads to defects in brain development and increased neuronal density at birth. We further demonstrate that PARP1 loss increases the expression levels of genes associated with neuronal migration and adhesion in the E15.5 cerebral cortex, including Reln. This correlates with an increased number of Cajal–Retzius (CR) cells in vivo and in cultures of embryonic neural progenitor cells (NPCs) derived from the PARP1 KO cortex. Furthermore, PARP1 loss leads to increased NPC adhesion to N-cadherin, like that induced by experimental exposure to Reelin. Taken together, these results uncover a novel role for PARP1 in brain development, i.e., regulation of CR cells, neuronal density, and cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Nelson
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute and Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - J Damon Hoff
- Single Molecule Analysis in Real-Time Center, Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Mya L Zeese
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute and Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Gabriel Corfas
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute and Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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29
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Schwab N, Leung E, Hazrati LN. Cellular Senescence in Traumatic Brain Injury: Evidence and Perspectives. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:742632. [PMID: 34650425 PMCID: PMC8505896 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.742632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can lead to long-term neurological dysfunction and increase one's risk of neurodegenerative disease. Several repercussions of mTBI have been identified and well-studied, including neuroinflammation, gliosis, microgliosis, excitotoxicity, and proteinopathy – however the pathophysiological mechanisms activating these pathways after mTBI remains controversial and unclear. Emerging research suggests DNA damage-induced cellular senescence as a possible driver of mTBI-related sequalae. Cellular senescence is a state of chronic cell-cycle arrest and inflammation associated with physiological aging, mood disorders, dementia, and various neurodegenerative pathologies. This narrative review evaluates the existing studies which identify DNA damage or cellular senescence after TBI (including mild, moderate, and severe TBI) in both experimental animal models and human studies, and outlines how cellular senescence may functionally explain both the molecular and clinical manifestations of TBI. Studies on this subject clearly show accumulation of various forms of DNA damage (including oxidative damage, single-strand breaks, and double-strand breaks) and senescent cells after TBI, and indicate that cellular senescence may be an early event after TBI. Further studies are required to understand the role of sex, cell-type specific mechanisms, and temporal patterns, as senescence may be a pathway of interest to target for therapeutic purposes including prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Schwab
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emily Leung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lili-Naz Hazrati
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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30
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Kim B, Hull VL, Xu J, Prabhu P, Gregory M, Martinez-Cerdeno V, Zhan X, Deng W, Guo F. PARP1-mediated PARylation activity is essential for oligodendroglial differentiation and CNS myelination. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109695. [PMID: 34610310 PMCID: PMC9586836 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of poly(ADP-ribosyl) polymerase 1 (PARP1) in myelination and remyelination of the central nervous system (CNS) remains enigmatic. Here, we report that PARP1 is an intrinsic driver for oligodendroglial development and myelination. Genetic PARP1 depletion impairs the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) into oligodendrocytes and impedes CNS myelination. Mechanistically, PARP1-mediated PARylation activity is not only necessary but also sufficient for OPC differentiation. At the molecular level, we identify the RNA-binding protein Myef2 as a PARylated target, which controls OPC differentiation through the PARylation-modulated derepression of myelin protein expression. Furthermore, PARP1’s enzymatic activity is necessary for oligodendrocyte and myelin regeneration after demyelination. Together, our findings suggest that PARP1-mediated PARylation activity may be a potential therapeutic target for promoting OPC differentiation and remyelination in neurological disorders characterized by arrested OPC differentiation and remyelination failure such as multiple sclerosis. Wang et al. show that PARP1-mediated PARylation promotes oligodendroglial differentiation and regeneration. They demonstrate that PARP1 PARylates proteins relating to RNA metabolism under physiological conditions and that Myef2 is identified as one of the potential targets that mediates PARP1-regulated myelin gene expression at the posttranscriptional level during oligodendroglial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817, USA; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine (IPRM), Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817, USA; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine (IPRM), Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817, USA; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine (IPRM), Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Bokyung Kim
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817, USA; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine (IPRM), Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Vanessa L Hull
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817, USA; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine (IPRM), Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Jie Xu
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine (IPRM), Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Preeti Prabhu
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817, USA; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine (IPRM), Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Maria Gregory
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817, USA; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine (IPRM), Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Veronica Martinez-Cerdeno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817, USA; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine (IPRM), Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Xinhua Zhan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817, USA
| | - Wenbin Deng
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, USA
| | - Fuzheng Guo
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95817, USA; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine (IPRM), Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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31
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Yilmaz S, Alkan T, Ballar Kirmizibayrak P. A new underlying mechanism for the neuroprotective effect of bosutinib: Reverting toxicity-induced PARylation in SIN1-mediated neurotoxicity. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22915. [PMID: 34519134 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Increased levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play an important role in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. The overproduction of these highly reactive chemical species leads to DNA damage and subsequent activation of the poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) enzyme. Several studies have demonstrated the potential use of PARP inhibitors for neuroprotection. We previously reported that the dual Src/Abl kinase inhibitor bosutinib (BOS) decreases PARP activity and acts as a chemosensitizer in cancer cells. In this study, we evaluated the neuroprotective potential of BOS with respect to its inhibitory effect on cellular poly(ADP-ribos)ylation (PARylation) using a 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN1)-mediated cellular toxicity model. Our data suggest that pretreatment with BOS, especially at lower doses, significantly decreased the level of SIN1-induced cellular PARylation. This regulation pattern of PARylation was found to be associated with the protective effect of BOS against SIN1 on the viability of retinoic acid-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, while PARP-1 expression was decreased, phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK was not reverted at the observed neuroprotective doses of BOS. In conclusion, we suggest a novel mechanism for the neuroprotective effect of BOS involving the inhibition of cellular PARylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Yilmaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.,Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alanya Aladdin Keykubat, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Tolgaç Alkan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Petek Ballar Kirmizibayrak
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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32
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Aleti RR, Festa AA, Voskressensky LG, Van der Eycken EV. Synthetic Strategies in the Preparation of Phenanthridinones. Molecules 2021; 26:5560. [PMID: 34577030 PMCID: PMC8466741 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenanthridinones are important heterocyclic frameworks present in a variety of complex natural products, pharmaceuticals and displaying wide range of pharmacological actions. Its structural importance has evoked a great deal of interest in the domains of organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry to develop new synthetic methodologies, as well as novel compounds of pharmaceutical interest. This review focuses on the synthesis of phenanthridinone scaffolds by employing aryl-aryl, N-aryl, and biaryl coupling reactions, decarboxylative amidations, and photocatalyzed reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwar Reddy Aleti
- Organic Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (R.R.A.); (A.A.F.); (L.G.V.)
| | - Alexey A. Festa
- Organic Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (R.R.A.); (A.A.F.); (L.G.V.)
| | - Leonid G. Voskressensky
- Organic Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (R.R.A.); (A.A.F.); (L.G.V.)
| | - Erik V. Van der Eycken
- Organic Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (R.R.A.); (A.A.F.); (L.G.V.)
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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33
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Kang JB, Park DJ, Shah MA, Koh PO. Retinoic acid exerts neuroprotective effects against focal cerebral ischemia by preventing apoptotic cell death. Neurosci Lett 2021; 757:135979. [PMID: 34023410 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is a neurological disorder that leads to cognitive decline and high mortality. Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A that has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. This study investigated whether retinoic acid prevents neuronal cell damage on focal cerebral ischemia through modulating apoptosis signaling pathway. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed to induce focal cerebral ischemia in adult male rats. Retinoic acid (5 mg/kg) or vehicle was injected intraperitoneally for 4 days prior to MCAO. Neurological behavior deficit tests were performed 24 h after MCAO. Brain edema and infarct volume were measured, and TUNEL histochemistry was carried out. We also investigated the changes in apoptosis-related proteins including bcl-2 family proteins and caspases. MCAO injury induced severe neurological behavior deficits and brain edema. It also increased infarct volume, histopathological damages, and the number of TUNEL-positive cells in cerebral cortex. However, retinoic acid pretreatment attenuated MCAO-induced neurological behavior deficits, brain edema, and infarction. It also alleviated histopathological lesion and decreased the number of TUNEL-positive cells. Bcl-2 and bax proteins are representative bcl-2 family proteins. MCAO injury induced a decrease in bcl-2 expression and an increase in bax expression, and retinoic acid pretreatment alleviated these changes. MCAO injury caused a decrease in bcl-2/bax expression ratio in cerebral cortex, while retinoic acid restored this decrease by MCAO. Moreover, our result showed increases in caspase-9, caspase-3, PARP protein levels in MCAO-operated animals. Retinoic acid pretreatment prevented these increases. We identified the changes in cleaved forms of these proteins, similar to the changes in full-length protein. Activation of caspases and PARP proteins are considered to be representative apoptosis indicators. This study showed that retinoic acid regulates bcl-2 family proteins and caspase proteins in focal cerebral ischemia. Thus, our findings demonstrate that retinoic acid exhibits a neuroprotective effect against ischemic damage by modulating apoptosis signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Bin Kang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Dong-Ju Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Murad-Ali Shah
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Phil-Ok Koh
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea.
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34
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Koehler RC, Dawson VL, Dawson TM. Targeting Parthanatos in Ischemic Stroke. Front Neurol 2021; 12:662034. [PMID: 34025565 PMCID: PMC8131834 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.662034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parthanatos is a cell death signaling pathway in which excessive oxidative damage to DNA leads to over-activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). PARP then generates the formation of large poly(ADP-ribose) polymers that induce the release of apoptosis-inducing factor from the outer mitochondrial membrane. In the cytosol, apoptosis-inducing factor forms a complex with macrophage migration inhibitory factor that translocates into the nucleus where it degrades DNA and produces cell death. In a review of the literature, we identified 24 publications from 13 laboratories that support a role for parthanatos in young male mice and rats subjected to transient and permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Investigators base their conclusions on the use of nine different PARP inhibitors (19 studies) or PARP1-null mice (7 studies). Several studies indicate a therapeutic window of 4-6 h after MCAO. In young female rats, two studies using two different PARP inhibitors from two labs support a role for parthanatos, whereas two studies from one lab do not support a role in young female PARP1-null mice. In addition to parthanatos, a body of literature indicates that PARP inhibitors can reduce neuroinflammation by interfering with NF-κB transcription, suppressing matrix metaloproteinase-9 release, and limiting blood-brain barrier damage and hemorrhagic transformation. Overall, most of the literature strongly supports the scientific premise that a PARP inhibitor is neuroprotective, even when most did not report behavior outcomes or address the issue of randomization and treatment concealment. Several third-generation PARP inhibitors entered clinical oncology trials without major adverse effects and could be repurposed for stroke. Evaluation in aged animals or animals with comorbidities will be important before moving into clinical stroke trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond C Koehler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, The Institute of Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, The Institute of Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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35
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Sinha A, Katyal S, Kauppinen TM. PARP-DNA trapping ability of PARP inhibitors jeopardizes astrocyte viability: Implications for CNS disease therapeutics. Neuropharmacology 2021; 187:108502. [PMID: 33631119 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is emerging interest in the role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) in neurodegeneration and potential of its therapeutic targeting in neurodegenerative disorders. New generations of PARP inhibitors exhibit polypharmacological properties; they do not only block enzymatic activity with lower doses, but also alter how PARP-1 interacts with DNA. While these new inhibitors have proven useful in cancer therapy due to their ability to kill cancer cell, their use in neurodegenerative disorders has an opposite goal: cell protection. We hypothesize that newer generation PARP-1 inhibitors jeopardize the viability of dividing CNS cells by promoting DNA damage upon the PARP-DNA interaction. Using enriched murine astrocyte cultures, our study evaluates the effects of a variety of drugs known to inhibit PARP; talazoparib, olaparib, PJ34 and minocycline. Despite similar PARP enzymatic inhibiting activities, we show here that these drugs result in varied cell viability. Talazoparib and olaparib reduce astrocyte growth in a dose-dependent manner, while astrocytes remain unaffected by PJ34 and minocycline. Similarly, PJ34 and minocycline do not jeopardize DNA integrity, while treatment with talazoparib and olaparib promote DNA damage. These two drugs impact astrocytes similarly in basal conditions and upon nitrosative stress, a pathological condition typical for neurodegeneration. Mechanistic assessment revealed that talazoparib and olaparib promote PARP trapping onto DNA in a dose-dependent manner, while PJ34 and minocycline do not induce PARP-DNA trapping. This study provides unique insight into the selective use of PARP inhibitors to treat neurodegenerative disorders whereby inhibition of PARP enzymatic activity must occur without deleteriously trapping PARP onto DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Sinha
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0T6, Canada; Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, 675 McDermot Ave, RM ON5010, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E0V9, Canada; Kleysen Institute for Advance Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, 710 William Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0Z3, Canada.
| | - Sachin Katyal
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0T6, Canada; Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, 675 McDermot Ave, RM ON5010, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E0V9, Canada.
| | - Tiina M Kauppinen
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0T6, Canada; Kleysen Institute for Advance Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, 710 William Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0Z3, Canada.
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36
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Mao K, Zhang G. The role of PARP1 in neurodegenerative diseases and aging. FEBS J 2021; 289:2013-2024. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanmin Mao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Ministry of Education Department of Toxicology School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Wuhan China
- Institute for Brain Research Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Guo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Ministry of Education Department of Toxicology School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Wuhan China
- Institute for Brain Research Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
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37
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McCarty MF, Lerner A. Nutraceutical induction and mimicry of heme oxygenase activity as a strategy for controlling excitotoxicity in brain trauma and ischemic stroke: focus on oxidative stress. Expert Rev Neurother 2020; 21:157-168. [PMID: 33287596 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2021.1861940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury are leading causes of acute mortality, and in the longer run, major causes of significant mental and physical impairment. Most of the brain neuronal cell death in the minutes and hours following an ischemic stroke or brain trauma is mediated by the process of excitotoxicity, in which sustained elevations of extracellular glutamate, reflecting a failure of ATP-dependent mechanism which sequester glutamate in neurons and astrocytes, drive excessive activation of NMDA receptors. Areas covered: A literature search was undertaken to clarify the molecular mechanisms whereby excessive NMDA activation leads to excitotoxic neuronal death, and to determine what safe nutraceutical agents might have practical potential for rescuing at-risk neurons by intervening in these mechanisms. Expert opinion: Activation of both NADPH oxidase and neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the microenvironment of activated NMDA receptors drives production of superoxide and highly toxic peroxynitrite. This leads to excessive activation of PARP and p38 MAP kinase, mitochondrial dysfunction, and subsequent neuronal death. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) induction offers protection via inhibition of NADPH oxidase and promotion of cGMP generation. Phase 2-inductive nutraceuticals can induce HO-1, and other nutraceuticals can mimic the effects of its products biliverdin and carbon monoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aaron Lerner
- Technion Israel Institute of Technology Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine- Research, Haifa, Israel (Retired)
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38
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Li Y, Li S, Li D. Breviscapine Alleviates Cognitive Impairments Induced by Transient Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion through Its Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidant Properties in a Rat Model. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:4489-4498. [PMID: 33270442 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced injury is a common phenomenon of stroke, and the effective treatment for I/R-induced brain tissue damage is limited. Breviscapine has been widely used in China as herbal medicine to treat cardiovascular diseases for hundreds of years and has been demonstrated to possess potent cardiovascular pharmacological effects. This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effect of breviscapine on cerebral I/R-induced injury. The rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was applied in our study. The cerebral I/R rats received multiple injections of breviscapine. All rats were subject to neurological behavior tests by open field test and Morris water maze test. The pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress marker levels were determined by ELISA and colorimetric analysis, respectively. We demonstrated that administration of breviscapine dose-dependently ameliorated cerebral I/R-induced injury and improved the neurological performance of cerebral I/R rats. Further studies illustrated that breviscapine treatment effectively attenuated inflammatory cytokine expression, reduced oxidative stress, and pro-apoptosis protein expression and inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling and microglia in the I/R injury tissues. Breviscapine may serve as a single drug or a promising adjuvant that can be used in conjunction with other medicine for the treatment of cerebral I/R-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Li
- Hangzhou Women’s Hospital, No. 369 Kunpeng Road, Hangzhou 310008, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songyi Li
- Hangzhou Women’s Hospital, No. 369 Kunpeng Road, Hangzhou 310008, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dingheng Li
- Hangzhou Women’s Hospital, No. 369 Kunpeng Road, Hangzhou 310008, Zhejiang, China
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39
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Davis CK, Vemuganti R. DNA damage and repair following traumatic brain injury. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 147:105143. [PMID: 33127471 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is known to promote significant DNA damage irrespective of age, sex, and species. Chemical as well as structural DNA modification start within minutes and persist for days after TBI. Although several DNA repair pathways are induced following TBI, the simultaneous downregulation of some of the genes and proteins of these pathways leads to an aberrant overall DNA repair process. In many instances, DNA damages escape even the most robust repair mechanisms, especially when the repair process becomes overwhelmed or becomes inefficient by severe or repeated injuries. The persisting DNA damage and/or lack of DNA repair contributes to long-term functional deficits. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of TBI-induced DNA damage and repair. We further discussed the putative experimental therapies that target the members of the DNA repair process for improved outcome following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles K Davis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; William S. Middleton VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
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40
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Olivares-González L, Velasco S, Millán JM, Rodrigo R. Intravitreal administration of adalimumab delays retinal degeneration in rd10 mice. FASEB J 2020; 34:13839-13861. [PMID: 32816354 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000044rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited retinal dystrophies characterized by the progressive and irreversible loss of vision. We previously found that intraperitoneal administration of Adalimumab, a monoclonal anti-TNFα antibody, slowed down retinal degeneration in the murine model of RP, the rd10 mice. The aims of this study were to improve its neuroprotective effect and to deepen understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in this effect. We analyzed (i) the in vitro effect of Adalimumab on the TNFα-mediated cell death in retinal cells; (ii) the effect of a single intravitreal injection of Adalimumab on retinal degeneration in rd10 mice at postnatal day (P) 23. In vitro studies showed that TNFα induced caspase and poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) activation, downregulation of (kinase receptor-interacting protein 1) RIPK1 and upregulation of RIPK3 in retinal cells. Adalimumab reduced cell death probably through the inhibition of caspase 3 activation. In vivo studies suggested that PARP and NLRP3 inflammasome are mainly activated and to a lesser extent caspase-dependent mechanisms in rd10 retinas at P23. Necroptosis seems to be inhibited by the downregulation of RIPK1. Adalimumab prevented from retinal degeneration without affecting caspase -dependent mechanisms but decreasing PARP activation, microglia activation as well as NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Olivares-González
- Pathophysiology and Therapies for Vision Disorders, Principe Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sheyla Velasco
- Pathophysiology and Therapies for Vision Disorders, Principe Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain
| | - José María Millán
- Rare Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Joint Unit on Rare Diseases CIPF-La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Molecular, Cellular and Genomic Biomedicine, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Regina Rodrigo
- Pathophysiology and Therapies for Vision Disorders, Principe Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain.,Rare Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Joint Unit on Rare Diseases CIPF-La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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41
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Salech F, Ponce DP, Paula-Lima AC, SanMartin CD, Behrens MI. Nicotinamide, a Poly [ADP-Ribose] Polymerase 1 (PARP-1) Inhibitor, as an Adjunctive Therapy for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:255. [PMID: 32903806 PMCID: PMC7438969 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide (vitamin B3) is a key component in the cellular production of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) and has long been associated with neuronal development, survival and death. Numerous data suggest that nicotinamide may offer therapeutic benefits in neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Beyond its effect in NAD+ stores, nicotinamide is an inhibitor of Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1), an enzyme with multiple cellular functions, including regulation of cell death, energy/metabolism and inflammatory response. PARP-1 functions as a DNA repair enzyme but under intense DNA damage depletes the cell of NAD+ and ATP and leads to a non-apoptotic type of cell death called Parthanatos, which has been associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, NAD+ availability might potentially improve mitochondrial function, which is severely impaired in AD. PARP-1 inhibition may also exert a protective effect against neurodegeneration by its action to diminish neuroinflammation and microglial activation which are also implicated in the pathogenesis of AD. Here we discuss the evidence supporting the use of nicotinamide as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of early stages of AD based on the inhibitory effect of nicotinamide on PARP-1 activity. The data support evaluating nicotinamide as an adjunctive treatment for AD at early stages of the disease not only to increase NAD+ stores but as a PARP-1 inhibitor, raising the hypothesis that other PARP-1 inhibitors – drugs that are already approved for breast cancer treatment – might be explored for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Salech
- Centro de Investigación Clínica Avanzada, Facultad de Medicina and Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Sección de Geriatría Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela P Ponce
- Centro de Investigación Clínica Avanzada, Facultad de Medicina and Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea C Paula-Lima
- Departamento de Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Facultad of Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carol D SanMartin
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Neurologiìa y Neurocirugiìa, Hospital Cliìnico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María I Behrens
- Centro de Investigación Clínica Avanzada, Facultad de Medicina and Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Neurologiìa y Neurocirugiìa, Hospital Cliìnico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Neurología y Psiquiatría, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
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42
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Han S, Kim YH, Choi HY, Soh DJ, Kim J, Nam J, Kim JW, Bae KS, Lim HS. First-in-Human Evaluation of the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of a Neuroprotective Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 Inhibitor, JPI-289, in Healthy Volunteers. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:3189-3199. [PMID: 32801651 PMCID: PMC7415440 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s235802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitor has therapeutic potential for acute ischemic stroke by suppressing microglial activation and facilitating neuroprotection. In this first-in-human study, we investigate the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics (PK) of JPI-289 in healthy male volunteers. Subjects and Methods In single ascending dose (SAD) study, 35, 75, 150, 300, 600 mg JPI-289 or placebo was infused intravenously over 30 minutes to 40 subjects. In multiple ascending dose (MAD) study, 150, 300, 450 mg JPI-289 or placebo was infused over 1 hour every 12 hours to each of 24 subjects for 3.5 days (7 times). The plasma and urine concentrations of JPI-289 and its metabolites were determined. Results In the SAD study, AUClast and Cmax tended to increase supra-proportionally especially at higher doses in SAD study. However, Cmax showed dose-proportionality in the range of 75–600mg. JPI-289 reached a mean Tmax within 0.50 hour after dosing and a mean elimination half-life (t1/2) was 2.18 to 3.21 hours. In the MAD study, observed accumulation index ranged from 1.52 to 1.76. The effective half-life of JPI-289 was 1.88 to 3.05 hours, indicating that the plasma JPI-289 concentration rapidly reaches steady state. % recovered of JPI-289 measured in urine was 1.59–9.05%. In both studies, concentration of metabolites was less than 10% of JPI-289. Adverse events reported in the study were all mild in intensity and resolved without any sequelae. Conclusion The tolerable dose ranges and pharmacokinetic characteristics of JPI-289 evaluated in these studies will be useful in further clinical development of JPI-289.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungpil Han
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yo Han Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Youn Choi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jun Soh
- Clinical Development Team, Jeil Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Kim
- Clinical Development Team, Jeil Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonwoo Nam
- Clinical Development Team, Jeil Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Woo Kim
- Clinical Development Team, Jeil Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun-Seop Bae
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Seok Lim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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43
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El-Kott AF, Abd-Lateif AEKM, Khalifa HS, Morsy K, Ibrahim EH, Bin-Jumah M, Abdel-Daim MM, Aleya L. Kaempferol protects against cadmium chloride-induced hippocampal damage and memory deficits by activation of silent information regulator 1 and inhibition of poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase-1. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 728:138832. [PMID: 32353801 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The neuroprotective effect of Kaempferol against cadmium chloride (CdCl2) -induced neurotoxicity is well reported. The silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) are two related cellular molecules that can negatively affect the activity of each other to promote or inhibit cell survival, respectively. It is still largely unknown if the neurotoxicity of CdCl2 or the neuroprotection of Kaempferol are mediated by modulating SIRT1 and/or PAPR1 activities. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that CdCl2-induced memory deficit and hippocampal damage are associated with downregulation/inhibition of SIRT1 and activation of PAPR1, an effect that can be reversed by co-treatment with Kaempferol. Rats (n = 12/group) were divided into 4 groups as control, control + Kaempferol (50 mg//kg), CdCl2 (0.5 mg/kg), and CdCl2 + Kaempferol. All treatments were administered orally for 30 days daily. As compared to control rats, CdCl2 reduced rat's final body weights (21.8%) and their food intake (30%), induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in their hippocampi, and impaired their short and long-term recognition memory functions. Besides, the hippocampi of CdCl2-treated rats had higher levels of TNF-α (197%), and IL-6 (190%) with a concomitant increase in nuclear activity and levels of NF-κB p65 (721% & 554%). Besides, they showed reduced nuclear activity (53%) and levels (74%) of SIRT1, higher nuclear activity and levels of PARP1 (292% & 138%), increased nuclear levels of p53 (870%), and higher acetylated levels of NF-κB p65 (513%), p53 (644%), PARP1 (696%), and FOXO-2 (149%). All these events were significantly reversed in the CdCl2 + Kaempferol-treated rats. Of note, Kaempferol also increased levels of MnSOD (73.5%), and GSH (40%), protein levels of Bcl-2 (350%), and nuclear activity (67%) and levels (46%) of SIRT1 in the hippocampi of the control rats. In conclusion, Kaempferol ameliorates CdCl2-induced memory deficits and hippocampal oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis by increasing SIRT1 activity and inhibiting PARP1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attalla Farag El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | | | - Heba S Khalifa
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Kareem Morsy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Essam H Ibrahim
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; Blood Products Quality Control and Research Department, National Organization for Research and Control of Biologicals, Cairo 12611, Egypt
| | - May Bin-Jumah
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, Science College, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France.
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Dash S, Balasubramaniam M, Martínez-Rivera FJ, Godino A, Peck EG, Patnaik S, Suar M, Calipari ES, Nestler EJ, Villalta F, Dash C, Pandhare J. Cocaine-regulated microRNA miR-124 controls poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 expression in neuronal cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11197. [PMID: 32641757 PMCID: PMC7343862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-124 is a highly expressed miRNA in the brain and regulates genes involved in neuronal function. We report that miR-124 post-transcriptionally regulates PARP-1. We have identified a highly conserved binding site of miR-124 in the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of Parp-1 mRNA. We demonstrate that miR-124 directly binds to the Parp-1 3'UTR and mutations in the seed sequences abrogate binding between the two RNA molecules. Luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-124 post-transcriptionally regulates Parp-1 3'UTR activity in a dopaminergic neuronal cell model. Interestingly, the binding region of miR-124 in Parp-1 3'UTR overlapped with the target sequence of miR-125b, another post-transcriptional regulator of Parp-1. Our results from titration and pull-down studies revealed that miR-124 binds to Parp-1 3'UTR with greater affinity and confers a dominant post-transcriptional inhibition compared to miR-125b. Interestingly, acute or chronic cocaine exposure downregulated miR-124 levels concomitant with upregulation of PARP-1 protein in dopaminergic-like neuronal cells in culture. Levels of miR-124 were also downregulated upon acute or chronic cocaine exposure in the mouse nucleus accumbens (NAc)-a key reward region of brain. Time-course studies revealed that cocaine treatment persistently downregulated miR-124 in NAc. Consistent with this finding, miR-124 expression was also significantly reduced in the NAc of animals conditioned for cocaine place preference. Collectively, these studies identify Parp-1 as a direct target of miR-124 in neuronal cells, establish miR-124 as a cocaine-regulated miRNA in the mouse NAc, and highlight a novel pathway underlying the molecular effects of cocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabyasachi Dash
- Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Meharry Medical College, Old Hospital Bldg-CAHDR, Room 5023, 1005 Dr. DB Todd Jr Blvd., Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
- School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Muthukumar Balasubramaniam
- Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Meharry Medical College, Old Hospital Bldg-CAHDR, Room 5023, 1005 Dr. DB Todd Jr Blvd., Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Freddyson J Martínez-Rivera
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Arthur Godino
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Emily G Peck
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Srinivas Patnaik
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mrutyunjay Suar
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Erin S Calipari
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Eric J Nestler
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Fernando Villalta
- Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Meharry Medical College, Old Hospital Bldg-CAHDR, Room 5023, 1005 Dr. DB Todd Jr Blvd., Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Chandravanu Dash
- Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Meharry Medical College, Old Hospital Bldg-CAHDR, Room 5023, 1005 Dr. DB Todd Jr Blvd., Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
| | - Jui Pandhare
- Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Meharry Medical College, Old Hospital Bldg-CAHDR, Room 5023, 1005 Dr. DB Todd Jr Blvd., Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
- School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
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45
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Niu F, Qian K, Qi H, Zhao Y, Jiang Y, Sun M. Antiapoptotic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of CPCGI in Rats with Traumatic Brain Injury. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:2975-2987. [PMID: 33324059 PMCID: PMC7733055 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s281530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compound porcine cerebroside and ganglioside injection (CPCGI) has been used for the treatment of certain brain disorders. Apoptosis and inflammation were reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Therefore, this study primarily investigated the effects of CPCGI on mitochondrial apoptotic signaling and PARP/NF-κB inflammatory signaling in a rat model of controlled cortical impact (CCI). MATERIALS AND METHODS CPCGI (0.6 mL/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 30 min after the induction of CCI. Mitochondrial apoptotic signaling and PARP/NF-κB inflammatory signaling were evaluated 24 h after CCI, and apoptotic cell death, neutrophil infiltration, and astrocyte and microglial activation were determined by TUNEL and immunofluorescent staining 3 days after CCI. RESULTS 1) CPCGI markedly enhanced cytosolic and mitochondrial Bcl-xL levels, the mitochondrial Bcl-xL/Bax ratio, and mitochondrial cytochrome (cyt) c levels and reduced cytosolic cyt c levels, caspase-3 activity, and nuclear AIF levels in brain tissues after traumatic injury; however, CPCGI had no significant effects on cytosolic or mitochondrial Bax levels, the cytosolic Bcl-xL/Bax ratio, or mitochondrial AIF levels. Moreover, CPCGI markedly reduced the TUNEL staining score in the contusion region. 2) CPCGI markedly reduced cytosolic and nuclear PARP levels and nuclear NF-κB p65 levels in brain tissues after traumatic injury but had no significant effect on cytosolic NF-κB p65 levels. In addition, CPCGI markedly reduced caspase-1 activity and the levels of caspase-1, ICAM-1, TNF-α, and IL-1β in brain tissues after traumatic injury and decreased the immunoreactivities of neutrophils, GFAP and Iba-1 in the region of CCI-induced contusion. CONCLUSION These data suggest that CPCGI can reduce brain injury due to trauma by suppressing both mitochondrial apoptotic signaling and PARP/NF-κB inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Niu
- Department of Neurotrauma, Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Qi
- Department of Acupuncture, Lianyungang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Lianyungang City 222000, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumei Zhao
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Jiang
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Sun
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, People's Republic of China
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46
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Xu H, Li X, Wu X, Yang Y, Dai S, Lei T, Jing D, Luo P, Luo E. Iduna protects HT22 cells by inhibiting parthanatos: The role of the p53-MDM2 pathway. Exp Cell Res 2019; 384:111547. [PMID: 31472117 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common and often fatal in current times. The role of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-induced cell death (parthanatos) in TBI has not been well studied. Our past study showed that oxidative stress-induced cell death includes parthanatos by confirming the occurrence of PARP activation and nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). As oxidative stress plays a key role in pathological progression after TBI, we believe TBI may also be alleviated by the expression of Iduna, which is the only known endogenous regulator of parthanatos. Thus, a transection model in HT-22 cells was established for present study. Downregulation of Iduna aggravated the cell damage caused by mechanical cell injury, whereas upregulation of Iduna reduced mitochondrial dysfunction induced by mechanical cell injury but exerted no effect on apoptosis associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. By contrast, Iduna prevented parthanatos by reducing PARP activation and nuclear translocation of AIF. We also investigated 2 novel p53-MDM2 pathway inhibitors, AMG 232 and Nutlin-3, which substantially reduced the protective effects of Iduna. These findings indicate that Iduna might prevent TBI by specifically inhibiting parthanatos and promoting mitochondrial function, with the p53-MDM2 pathway playing a critical role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiang Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiuquan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuefan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; The 251th Hospital of PLA, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Shuhui Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Da Jing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Erping Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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47
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Ratliff WA, Saykally JN, Mervis RF, Lin X, Cao C, Citron BA. Behavior, protein, and dendritic changes after model traumatic brain injury and treatment with nanocoffee particles. BMC Neurosci 2019; 20:44. [PMID: 31438853 PMCID: PMC6704525 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-019-0525-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a widespread public health problem and a signature injury of our military in modern conflicts. Despite the long-term effects of even mild brain injuries, an effective treatment remains elusive. Coffee and several of its compounds, including caffeine, have been identified as having neuroprotective effects in studies of neurodegenerative disease. Given the molecular similarities between TBI and neurodegenerative disease, we have devised a study to test a nanocoffee extract in the treatment of a mouse model of mild TBI. Results After a single injury and two subsequent injections of nanocoffee, we identified treatment as being associated with improved behavioral outcomes, favorable molecular signaling changes, and dendritic changes suggestive of improved neuronal health. Conclusions We have identified coffee extracts as a potential viable multifaceted treatment approach to target the secondary injury associated with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney A Ratliff
- Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Research and Development, 151, Bldg. 22 Rm. 123, 10000 Bay Pines Blvd, Bay Pines, FL, 33744, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, USF College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, MDC 7, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jessica N Saykally
- Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Research and Development, 151, Bldg. 22 Rm. 123, 10000 Bay Pines Blvd, Bay Pines, FL, 33744, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, USF College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, MDC 7, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Ronald F Mervis
- NeuroStructural Analytics, Inc, Columbus, OH, USA.,Center for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 2 Tampa General Circle, Tampa, FL, 33606, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Lin
- The USF-Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 4001 E. Fletcher Ave, Tampa, FL, 33613, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, USF College of Pharmacy, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Chuanhai Cao
- The USF-Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 4001 E. Fletcher Ave, Tampa, FL, 33613, USA. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, USF College of Pharmacy, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
| | - Bruce A Citron
- Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Research and Development, 151, Bldg. 22 Rm. 123, 10000 Bay Pines Blvd, Bay Pines, FL, 33744, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, USF College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, MDC 7, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.,VA New Jersey Health Care System, Research & Development, Bldg. 16, Rm. 16-176, 385 Tremont Ave, Mailstop 15, East Orange, NJ, 07018, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave., Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
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48
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Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairments: A systematic review of the animal literature. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 102:382-399. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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49
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Kumar Sahel D, Kaira M, Raj K, Sharma S, Singh S. Mitochondrial dysfunctioning and neuroinflammation: Recent highlights on the possible mechanisms involved in Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurosci Lett 2019; 710:134347. [PMID: 31229625 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the injury to the vasculature of brain while trauma caused by physical, chemical and biological stimuli. TBI is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity around the world. In this, primary insult leads to secondary injury through the involvement and initiation of various pathological processes. The most citable includes excitotoxicity, Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) dysfunction, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, calcium efflux, microglial mediated release of proinflammatory mediators (cytokine, chemokines, interleukin, tissue necrosis factor etc.). The morphological changes in TBI are proportional to mitochondrial dysfunctioning and microglial activation, which play an assorted role in neurodegeneration following traumatic brain injury. It is also assumed that the release of nitric oxide, activation of microglial cells plays a diversive role in maintaining the physiological and pathological balance. This review cites different pathophysiological mechanisms that are involved in progenesis of secondary injury after primary insult. These targets further are useful to explore the deep molecular mechanisms and to analyse the effectiveness of available drugs. Moreover, the present review reflects the underlying inflammatory cascade responsible for neuronal loss and neurological deficit in TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar Sahel
- Neuroscience Division, Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F. College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Meenakshi Kaira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M.D University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Khadga Raj
- Neuroscience Division, Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F. College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Shakshi Sharma
- Neuroscience Division, Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F. College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Shamsher Singh
- Neuroscience Division, Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F. College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.
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50
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Glotfelty EJ, Delgado TE, Tovar-y-Romo LB, Luo Y, Hoffer BJ, Olson L, Karlsson TE, Mattson MP, Harvey BK, Tweedie D, Li Y, Greig NH. Incretin Mimetics as Rational Candidates for the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2019; 2:66-91. [PMID: 31396586 PMCID: PMC6687335 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.9b00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is becoming an increasing public health issue. With an annually estimated 1.7 million TBIs in the United States (U.S) and nearly 70 million worldwide, the injury, isolated or compounded with others, is a major cause of short- and long-term disability and mortality. This, along with no specific treatment, has made exploration of TBI therapies a priority of the health system. Age and sex differences create a spectrum of vulnerability to TBI, with highest prevalence among younger and older populations. Increased public interest in the long-term effects and prevention of TBI have recently reached peaks, with media attention bringing heightened awareness to sport and war related head injuries. Along with short-term issues, TBI can increase the likelihood for development of long-term neurodegenerative disorders. A growing body of literature supports the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), and glucagon (Gcg) receptor (R) agonists, along with unimolecular combinations of these therapies, for their potent neurotrophic/neuroprotective activities across a variety of cellular and animal models of chronic neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases) and acute cerebrovascular disorders (stroke). Mild or moderate TBI shares many of the hallmarks of these conditions; recent work provides evidence that use of these compounds is an effective strategy for its treatment. Safety and efficacy of many incretin-based therapies (GLP-1 and GIP) have been demonstrated in humans for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), making these compounds ideal for rapid evaluation in clinical trials of mild and moderate TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot J. Glotfelty
- Translational
Gerontology Branch, and Laboratory of Neurosciences, Intramural
Research Program, National Institute on
Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
- Department
of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas E. Delgado
- Translational
Gerontology Branch, and Laboratory of Neurosciences, Intramural
Research Program, National Institute on
Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Luis B. Tovar-y-Romo
- Division
of Neuroscience, Institute of Cellular Physiology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yu Luo
- Department
of Molecular Genetics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Barry J. Hoffer
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University
School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Lars Olson
- Department
of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Mark P. Mattson
- Translational
Gerontology Branch, and Laboratory of Neurosciences, Intramural
Research Program, National Institute on
Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Brandon K. Harvey
- Molecular
Mechanisms of Cellular Stress and Inflammation Unit, Integrative Neuroscience
Department, National Institute on Drug Abuse,
National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - David Tweedie
- Translational
Gerontology Branch, and Laboratory of Neurosciences, Intramural
Research Program, National Institute on
Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Yazhou Li
- Translational
Gerontology Branch, and Laboratory of Neurosciences, Intramural
Research Program, National Institute on
Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Nigel H. Greig
- Translational
Gerontology Branch, and Laboratory of Neurosciences, Intramural
Research Program, National Institute on
Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
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