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Liu GQ, Liu ZX, Lin ZX, Chen P, Yan YC, Lin QR, Hu YJ, Jiang N, Yu B. Effects of Dopamine on stem cells and its potential roles in the treatment of inflammatory disorders: a narrative review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:230. [PMID: 37649087 PMCID: PMC10469852 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03454-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the host's protective response against harmful external stimulation that helps tissue repair and remodeling. However, excessive inflammation seriously threatens the patient's life. Due to anti-inflammatory effects, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and monoclonal antibodies are used to treat various inflammatory diseases, but drug resistance, non-responsiveness, and severe side effect limit their development and application. Therefore, developing other alternative therapies has become essential in anti-inflammatory therapy. In recent years, the in-depth study of stem cells has made them a promising alternative drug for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, and the function of stem cells is regulated by a variety of signals, of which dopamine signaling is one of the main influencing factors. In this review, we review the effects of dopamine on various adult stem cells (neural stem cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and cancer stem cells) and their signaling pathways, as well as the application of some critical dopamine receptor agonists/antagonists. Besides, we also review the role of various adult stem cells in inflammatory diseases and discuss the potential anti-inflammation function of dopamine receptors, which provides a new therapeutic target for regenerative medicine in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Qiao Liu
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zi-Xian Liu
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ze-Xin Lin
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yu-Chi Yan
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qing-Rong Lin
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yan-Jun Hu
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Bin Yu
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Garcia-Garrote M, Parga JA, Labandeira PJ, Labandeira-Garcia JL, Rodriguez-Pallares J. Dopamine regulates adult neurogenesis in the ventricular-subventricular zone via dopamine D3 angiotensin type 2 receptor interactions. Stem Cells 2021; 39:1778-1794. [PMID: 34521155 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis is a dynamic and highly regulated process and different studies suggest that dopamine modulates ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) neurogenesis. However, the specific role of dopamine and the mechanisms/factors underlying its effects on physiological and pathological conditions such as Parkinson's disease (PD) are not fully understood. Recent studies have described counter-regulatory interactions between renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and dopamine in peripheral tissues and in the nigrostriatal system. We have previously demonstrated that angiotensin receptors regulate proliferation and generation of neuroblasts in the rodent V-SVZ. However, possible interactions between dopamine receptors and RAS in the V-SVZ and their role in alterations of neurogenesis in animal models of PD have not been investigated. In V-SVZ cultures, activation of dopamine receptors induced changes in the expression of angiotensin receptors. Moreover, dopamine, via D2-like receptors and particularly D3 receptors, increased generation of neurospheres derived from the V-SVZ and this effect was mediated by angiotensin type-2 (AT2) receptors. In rats, we observed a marked reduction in proliferation and generation of neuroblasts in the V-SVZ of dopamine-depleted animals, and inhibition of AT1 receptors or activation of AT2 receptors restored proliferation and generation of neuroblasts to control levels. Moreover, intrastriatal mesencephalic grafts partially restored proliferation and generation of neuroblasts observed in the V-SVZ of dopamine-depleted rats. Our data revealed that dopamine and angiotensin receptor interactions play a major role in the regulation of V-SVZ and suggest potential beneficial effects of RAS modulators on the regulation of adult V-SVZ neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Garcia-Garrote
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A Parga
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo J Labandeira
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Labandeira-Garcia
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jannette Rodriguez-Pallares
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
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Mishra A, Singh S, Tiwari V, Bano S, Shukla S. Dopamine D1 receptor agonism induces dynamin related protein-1 inhibition to improve mitochondrial biogenesis and dopaminergic neurogenesis in rat model of Parkinson's disease. Behav Brain Res 2019; 378:112304. [PMID: 31626851 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) neurotransmitter act on dopamine receptors (D1-D5) to regulate motor functions, reward, addiction and cognitive behavior. The depletion of DA in midbrain due to degeneration of nigral dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons leads to Parkinson's disease (PD). DA agonist and levodopa (L-DOPA) are the only therapies used for symptomatic relief in PD. However, the role of DA receptors in PD pathogenesis and how they are associated with mitochondrial functions and DAergic neurogenesis is still not known. Here, we investigated the mechanistic aspect of DA D1 receptor mediated control of DAergic neurogenesis, motor behavior and mitochondrial functions in rat PD model. The pharmacological activation of D1 receptors markedly improved motor deficits, mitochondrial biogenesis, ATP levels, mitochondrial membrane potential and defended nigral DAergic neurons against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced neurotoxicity in adult rats. However, the D1 agonist mediated effects were abolished following D1 receptor antagonist treatment in 6-OHDA lesioned rats. Interestingly, pharmacological inhibition of dynamin related protein-1 (Drp-1) by Mdivi-1 in D1 antagonist treated PD rats, significantly restored behavioral deficits, mitochondrial functions, mitochondrial biogenesis and increased the number of newborn DAergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Drp-1 inhibition mediated neuroprotective effects in PD rats were associated with increased level of protein kinase-B/Akt and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Taken together, our data suggests that dopamine D1 receptor mediated reduction in mitochondrial fission and enhanced DAergic neurogenesis may involve Drp-1 inhibition which led to improved behavioral recovery in PD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Mishra
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow (U.P.), India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonu Singh
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow (U.P.), India; L4078, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut (Uconn) Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue
| | - Virendra Tiwari
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow (U.P.), India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Shameema Bano
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow (U.P.), India
| | - Shubha Shukla
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow (U.P.), India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India.
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Sidorova YA, Volcho KP, Salakhutdinov NF. Neuroregeneration in Parkinson's Disease: From Proteins to Small Molecules. Curr Neuropharmacol 2019; 17:268-287. [PMID: 30182859 PMCID: PMC6425072 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x16666180905094123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, the lifetime risk of developing this disease is 1.5%. Motor diagnostic symptoms of PD are caused by degeneration of nigrostria-tal dopamine neurons. There is no cure for PD and current therapy is limited to supportive care that partially alleviates dis-ease signs and symptoms. As diagnostic symptoms of PD result from progressive degeneration of dopamine neurons, drugs restoring these neurons may significantly improve treatment of PD. Method: A literature search was performed using the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases to discuss the pro-gress achieved in the development of neuroregenerative agents for PD. Papers published before early 2018 were taken into account. Results: Here, we review several groups of potential agents capable of protecting and restoring dopamine neurons in cul-tures or animal models of PD including neurotrophic factors and small molecular weight compounds. Conclusion: Despite the promising results of in vitro and in vivo experiments, none of the found agents have yet shown conclusive neurorestorative properties in PD patients. Meanwhile, a few promising biologicals and small molecules have been identified. Their further clinical development can eventually give rise to disease-modifying drugs for PD. Thus, inten-sive research in the field is justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia A Sidorova
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Konstantin P Volcho
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Nariman F Salakhutdinov
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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5
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Mishra A, Singh S, Tiwari V, Parul, Shukla S. Dopamine D1 receptor activation improves adult hippocampal neurogenesis and exerts anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effect via activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathways in rat model of Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Int 2018; 122:170-186. [PMID: 30500462 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is primarily characterized by midbrain dopamine depletion. Dopamine acts through dopamine receptors (D1 to D5) to regulate locomotion, motivation, pleasure, attention, cognitive functions and formation of newborn neurons, all of which are likely to be impaired in PD. Reduced hippocampal neurogenesis associated with dopamine depletion has been demonstrated in patients with PD. However, the precise mechanism to regulate multiple steps of adult hippocampal neurogenesis by dopamine receptor(s) is still unknown. In this study, we tested whether pharmacological agonism and antagonism of dopamine D1 and D2 receptor regulate nonmotor symptoms, neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation and fate specification and explored the cellular mechanism(s) underlying dopamine receptor (D1 and D2) mediated adult hippocampal neurogenesis in rat model of PD-like phenotypes. We found that single unilateral intra-medial forebrain bundle administration of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) reduced D1 receptor level in the hippocampus. Pharmacological agonism of D1 receptor exerts anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects as well as enhanced NSC proliferation, long-term survival and neuronal differentiation by positively regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in hippocampus in PD rats. shRNA lentivirus mediated knockdown of Axin-2, a negative regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling potentially attenuated D1 receptor antagonist induced anxiety and depression-like phenotypes and impairment in adult hippocampal neurogenesis in PD rats. Our results suggest that improved nonmotor symptoms and hippocampal neurogenesis in PD rats controlled by D1-like receptors that involve the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Mishra
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonu Singh
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P, India
| | - Virendra Tiwari
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Parul
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P, India
| | - Shubha Shukla
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India.
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Mishra A, Singh S, Shukla S. Physiological and Functional Basis of Dopamine Receptors and Their Role in Neurogenesis: Possible Implication for Parkinson's disease. J Exp Neurosci 2018; 12:1179069518779829. [PMID: 29899667 PMCID: PMC5985548 DOI: 10.1177/1179069518779829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine controls various physiological functions in the brain and periphery by acting on its receptors D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5. Dopamine receptors are G protein–coupled receptors involved in the regulation of motor activity and several neurological disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Reduction in dopamine content in the nigrostriatal pathway is associated with the development of PD, along with the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region. Dopamine receptors directly regulate neurotransmission of other neurotransmitters, release of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Here, we provide an update on recent knowledge about the signalling mechanism, mode of action, and the evidence for the physiological and functional basis of dopamine receptors. We also highlight the pivotal role of these receptors in the modulation of neurogenesis, a possible therapeutic target that might help to slow down the process of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Mishra
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonu Singh
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Shubha Shukla
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
- Shubha Shukla, Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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7
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Ermine CM, Wright JL, Frausin S, Kauhausen JA, Parish CL, Stanic D, Thompson LH. Modelling the dopamine and noradrenergic cell loss that occurs in Parkinson's disease and the impact on hippocampal neurogenesis. Hippocampus 2018; 28:327-337. [PMID: 29431270 PMCID: PMC5969306 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Key pathological features of Parkinson's Disease (PD) include the progressive degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons and hindbrain noradrenergic (NA) neurons. The loss of DA neurons has been extensively studied and is the main cause of motor dysfunction. Importantly, however, there are a range of ‘non‐movement’ related features of PD including cognitive dysfunction, sleep disturbances and mood disorders. The origins for these non‐motor symptoms are less clear, but a possible substrate for cognitive decline may be reduced adult‐hippocampal neurogenesis, which is reported to be impaired in PD. The mechanisms underlying reduced neurogenesis in PD are not well established. Here we tested the hypothesis that NA and DA depletion, as occurs in PD, impairs hippocampal neurogenesis. We used 6‐hydroxydopamine or the immunotoxin dopamine‐β‐hydroxylase‐saporin to selectively lesion DA or NA neurons, respectively, in adult Sprague Dawley rats and assessed hippocampal neurogenesis through phenotyping of cells birth‐dated using 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine. The results showed no difference in proliferation or differentiation of newborn cells in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus after NA or DA lesions. This suggests that impairment of hippocampal neurogenesis in PD likely results from mechanisms independent of, or in addition to degeneration of DA and NA neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M Ermine
- Neurodegeneration division, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jordan L Wright
- Neurodegeneration division, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefano Frausin
- Neurodegeneration division, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica A Kauhausen
- Neurodegeneration division, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clare L Parish
- Neurodegeneration division, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Davor Stanic
- Neurodegeneration division, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lachlan H Thompson
- Neurodegeneration division, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Moon J, Schwarz SC, Lee H, Kang JM, Lee Y, Kim B, Sung M, Höglinger G, Wegner F, Kim JS, Chung H, Chang SW, Cha KY, Kim K, Schwarz J. Preclinical Analysis of Fetal Human Mesencephalic Neural Progenitor Cell Lines: Characterization and Safety In Vitro and In Vivo. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 6:576-588. [PMID: 28191758 PMCID: PMC5442800 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a good manufacturing practice for long‐term cultivation of fetal human midbrain‐derived neural progenitor cells. The generation of human dopaminergic neurons may serve as a tool of either restorative cell therapies or cellular models, particularly as a reference for phenotyping region‐specific human neural stem cell lines such as human embryonic stem cells and human inducible pluripotent stem cells. We cultivated 3 different midbrain neural progenitor lines at 10, 12, and 14 weeks of gestation for more than a year and characterized them in great detail, as well as in comparison with Lund mesencephalic cells. The whole cultivation process of tissue preparation, cultivation, and cryopreservation was developed using strict serum‐free conditions and standardized operating protocols under clean‐room conditions. Long‐term‐cultivated midbrain‐derived neural progenitor cells retained stemness, midbrain fate specificity, and floorplate markers. The potential to differentiate into authentic A9‐specific dopaminergic neurons was markedly elevated after prolonged expansion, resulting in large quantities of functional dopaminergic neurons without genetic modification. In restorative cell therapeutic approaches, midbrain‐derived neural progenitor cells reversed impaired motor function in rodents, survived well, and did not exhibit tumor formation in immunodeficient nude mice in the short or long term (8 and 30 weeks, respectively). We conclude that midbrain‐derived neural progenitor cells are a promising source for human dopaminergic neurons and suitable for long‐term expansion under good manufacturing practice, thus opening the avenue for restorative clinical applications or robust cellular models such as high‐content or high‐throughput screening. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:576–588
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisook Moon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
- General Research Division, Korea Research‐Driven Hospital, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Sigrid C. Schwarz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hyun‐Seob Lee
- General Research Division, Korea Research‐Driven Hospital, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Jun Mo Kang
- General Research Division, Korea Research‐Driven Hospital, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Young‐Eun Lee
- General Research Division, Korea Research‐Driven Hospital, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Bona Kim
- Development Division, CHA Biotech, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Mi‐Young Sung
- Development Division, CHA Biotech, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Günter Höglinger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jin Su Kim
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung‐Min Chung
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin‐gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Woon Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Kwang Yul Cha
- General Research Division, Korea Research‐Driven Hospital, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Kwang‐Soo Kim
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Program in Neuroscience and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Johannes Schwarz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Piersanti S, Burla R, Licursi V, Brito C, La Torre M, Alves PM, Simao D, Mottini C, Salinas S, Negri R, Tagliafico E, Kremer EJ, Saggio I. Transcriptional Response of Human Neurospheres to Helper-Dependent CAV-2 Vectors Involves the Modulation of DNA Damage Response, Microtubule and Centromere Gene Groups. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26207738 PMCID: PMC4514711 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain gene transfer using viral vectors will likely become a therapeutic option for several disorders. Helper-dependent (HD) canine adenovirus type 2 vectors (CAV-2) are well suited for this goal. These vectors are poorly immunogenic, efficiently transduce neurons, are retrogradely transported to afferent structures in the brain and lead to long-term transgene expression. CAV-2 vectors are being exploited to unravel behavior, cognition, neural networks, axonal transport and therapy for orphan diseases. With the goal of better understanding and characterizing HD-CAV-2 for brain therapy, we analyzed the transcriptomic modulation induced by HD-CAV-2 in human differentiated neurospheres derived from midbrain progenitors. This 3D model system mimics several aspects of the dynamic nature of human brain. We found that differentiated neurospheres are readily transduced by HD-CAV-2 and that transduction generates two main transcriptional responses: a DNA damage response and alteration of centromeric and microtubule probes. Future investigations on the biochemistry of processes highlighted by probe modulations will help defining the implication of HD-CAV-2 and CAR receptor binding in enchaining these functional pathways. We suggest here that the modulation of DNA damage genes is related to viral DNA, while the alteration of centromeric and microtubule probes is possibly enchained by the interaction of the HD-CAV-2 fibre with CAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Piersanti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Romina Burla
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Licursi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Pasteur Institute, Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Catarina Brito
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780–901, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780–157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Mattia La Torre
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paula M. Alves
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780–901, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780–157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Daniel Simao
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780–901, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780–157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Carla Mottini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Salinas
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5535, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Rodolfo Negri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Pasteur Institute, Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Tagliafico
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Eric J. Kremer
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5535, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabella Saggio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Pasteur Institute, Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Skardelly M, Glien A, Groba C, Schlichting N, Kamprad M, Meixensberger J, Milosevic J. The influence of immunosuppressive drugs on neural stem/progenitor cell fate in vitro. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:3170-81. [PMID: 24001738 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In allogenic and xenogenic transplantation, adequate immunosuppression plays a major role in graft survival, especially over the long term. The effect of immunosuppressive drugs on neural stem/progenitor cell fate has not been sufficiently explored. The focus of this study is to systematically investigate the effects of the following four different immunotherapeutic strategies on human neural progenitor cell survival/death, proliferation, metabolic activity, differentiation and migration in vitro: (1) cyclosporine A (CsA), a calcineurin inhibitor; (2) everolimus (RAD001), an mTOR-inhibitor; (3) mycophenolic acid (MPA, mycophenolate), an inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase and (4) prednisolone, a steroid. At the minimum effective concentration (MEC), we found a prominent decrease in hNPCs' proliferative capacity (BrdU incorporation), especially for CsA and MPA, and an alteration of the NAD(P)H-dependent metabolic activity. Cell death rate, neurogenesis, gliogenesis and cell migration remained mostly unaffected under these conditions for all four immunosuppressants, except for apoptotic cell death, which was significantly increased by MPA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Skardelly
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany; Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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Piersanti S, Astrologo L, Licursi V, Costa R, Roncaglia E, Gennetier A, Ibanes S, Chillon M, Negri R, Tagliafico E, Kremer EJ, Saggio I. Differentiated neuroprogenitor cells incubated with human or canine adenovirus, or lentiviral vectors have distinct transcriptome profiles. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69808. [PMID: 23922808 PMCID: PMC3724896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated the potential for vector-mediated gene transfer to the brain. Helper-dependent (HD) human (HAd) and canine (CAV-2) adenovirus, and VSV-G-pseudotyped self-inactivating HIV-1 vectors (LV) effectively transduce human brain cells and their toxicity has been partly analysed. However, their effect on the brain homeostasis is far from fully defined, especially because of the complexity of the central nervous system (CNS). With the goal of dissecting the toxicogenomic signatures of the three vectors for human neurons, we transduced a bona fide human neuronal system with HD-HAd, HD-CAV-2 and LV. We analysed the transcriptional response of more than 47,000 transcripts using gene chips. Chip data showed that HD-CAV-2 and LV vectors activated the innate arm of the immune response, including Toll-like receptors and hyaluronan circuits. LV vector also induced an IFN response. Moreover, HD-CAV-2 and LV vectors affected DNA damage pathways--but in opposite directions--suggesting a differential response of the p53 and ATM pathways to the vector genomes. As a general response to the vectors, human neurons activated pro-survival genes and neuron morphogenesis, presumably with the goal of re-establishing homeostasis. These data are complementary to in vivo studies on brain vector toxicity and allow a better understanding of the impact of viral vectors on human neurons, and mechanistic approaches to improve the therapeutic impact of brain-directed gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Piersanti
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Chrales Darwin”, Sapienza, Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Letizia Astrologo
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Chrales Darwin”, Sapienza, Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Valerio Licursi
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Chrales Darwin”, Sapienza, Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Rossella Costa
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Chrales Darwin”, Sapienza, Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Enrica Roncaglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Aurelie Gennetier
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University Montpellier I & II, Montpellier, France
| | - Sandy Ibanes
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University Montpellier I & II, Montpellier, France
| | - Miguel Chillon
- Istituto Pasteur Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Roma, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Negri
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Chrales Darwin”, Sapienza, Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Roma, Italy
| | - Enrico Tagliafico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Eric J. Kremer
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University Montpellier I & II, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabella Saggio
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Chrales Darwin”, Sapienza, Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Roma, Italy
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, Roma, Italy
- * E-mail:
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12
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Belinsky GS, Sirois CL, Rich MT, Short SM, Moore AR, Gilbert SE, Antic SD. Dopamine receptors in human embryonic stem cell neurodifferentiation. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:1522-40. [PMID: 23286225 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We tested whether dopaminergic drugs can improve the protocol for in vitro differentiation of H9 human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into dopaminergic neurons. The expression of 5 dopamine (DA) receptor subtypes (mRNA and protein) was analyzed at each protocol stage (1, undifferentiated hESCs; 2, embryoid bodies [EBs]; 3, neuroepithelial rosettes; 4, expanding neuroepithelium; and 5, differentiating neurons) and compared to human fetal brain (gestational week 17-19). D2-like DA receptors (D2, D3, and D4) predominate over the D1-like receptors (D1 and D5) during derivation of neurons from hESCs. D1 was the receptor subtype with the lowest representation in each protocol stage (Stages 1-5). D1/D5-agonist SKF38393 and D2/D3/D4-agonist quinpirole (either alone or combined) evoked Ca(2+) responses, indicating functional receptors in hESCs. To identify when receptor activation causes a striking effect on hESC neurodifferentiation, and what ligands and endpoints are most interesting, we varied the timing, duration, and drug in the culture media. Dopaminergic agonists or antagonists were administered either early (Stages 1-3) or late (Stages 4-5). Early DA exposure resulted in more neuroepithelial colonies, more neuronal clusters, and more TH(+) clusters. The D1/D5 antagonist SKF83566 had a strong effect on EB morphology and the expression of midbrain markers. Late exposure to DA resulted in a modest increase in TH(+) neuron clusters (∼75%). The increase caused by DA did not occur in the presence of dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP), suggesting that DA acts through the cAMP pathway. However, a D2-antagonist (L741) decreased TH(+) cluster counts. Electrophysiological parameters of the postmitotic neurons were not significantly affected by late DA treatment (Stages 4-5). The mRNA of mature neurons (VGLUT1 and GAD1) and the midbrain markers (GIRK2, LMX1A, and MSX1) were lower in hESCs treated by DA or a D2-antagonist. When hESCs were neurodifferentiated on PA6 stromal cells, DA also increased expression of tyrosine hydroxylase. Although these results are consistent with DA's role in potentiating DA neurodifferentiation, dopaminergic treatments are generally less efficient than dbcAMP alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn S Belinsky
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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Lao CL, Lu CS, Chen JC. Dopamine D3 receptor activation promotes neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation through AKT and ERK1/2 pathways and expands type-B and -C cells in adult subventricular zone. Glia 2013; 61:475-89. [PMID: 23322492 DOI: 10.1002/glia.22449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The neurotransmitter dopamine acts on the subventricular zone (SVZ) to regulate both prenatal and postnatal neurogenesis, in particular through D(3) receptor (D(3) R) subtype. In this study, we explored the cellular mechanism(s) underlying D(3) R-mediated cell proliferation and tested if systemic delivery of a D(3) R agonist would induce SVZ multipotent neural stem/precursor cell (NSC/NPC) proliferation in vivo. We found that treatment with the D(3) R agonist, 7-OH-DPAT, enhances cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in cultured SVZ neurospheres from wild-type, but not D(3) R knock-out mice. Furthermore, D(3) R activation also stimulates S-phase and enhances mRNA and protein levels of cyclin D1 in wild-type neurospheres, a process which requires cellular Akt and ERK1/2 signaling. Moreover, chronic treatment with low dose 7-OH-DAPT in vivo increases BrdU(+) cell numbers in the adult SVZ, but this effect was not seen in D(3) R KO mice. Additionally, we probed the cell type specificity of D(3) R agonist-mediated cell proliferation. We found that in adult SVZ, GFAP(+) astrocytes, type-B GFAP(+) /nestin(+) and type-C EGF receptor (EGFR(+) )/nestin(+) cells express D(3) R mRNA, but type-A Doublecortin (Dcx)(+) neuroblasts do not. Using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence, we demonstrated that D(3) R activation increases GFAP(+) type-B and EGFR(+) type-C cell numbers, and the newly divided Dcx(+) type-A cells. However, BrdU(+) /Dcx(+) cell numbers were decreased in D(3) R KO mice compared to wildtype, suggesting that D(3) R maintains constitutive NSC/NPCs population in the adult SVZ. Overall, we demonstrate that D(3) R activation induces NSC/NPC proliferation through Akt and ERK1/2 signaling and increases the numbers of type-B and -C NSC/NPCs in the adult SVZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Lan Lao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Kwei-Shan, Taiwan
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Abstract
The importance of adult neurogenesis has only recently been accepted, resulting in a completely new field of investigation within stem cell biology. The regulation and functional significance of adult neurogenesis is currently an area of highly active research. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have emerged as potential modulators of adult neurogenesis. GPCRs represent a class of proteins with significant clinical importance, because approximately 30% of all modern therapeutic treatments target these receptors. GPCRs bind to a large class of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators such as norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin. Besides their typical role in cellular communication, GPCRs are expressed on adult neural stem cells and their progenitors that relay specific signals to regulate the neurogenic process. This review summarizes the field of adult neurogenesis and its methods and specifies the roles of various GPCRs and their signal transduction pathways that are involved in the regulation of adult neural stem cells and their progenitors. Current evidence supporting adult neurogenesis as a model for self-repair in neuropathologic conditions, adult neural stem cell therapeutic strategies, and potential avenues for GPCR-based therapeutics are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van A Doze
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, NB50, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Wegner F, Kraft R, Busse K, Härtig W, Ahrens J, Leffler A, Dengler R, Schwarz J. Differentiated human midbrain-derived neural progenitor cells express excitatory strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors containing α2β subunits. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36946. [PMID: 22606311 PMCID: PMC3350492 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human fetal midbrain-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) may deliver a tissue source for drug screening and regenerative cell therapy to treat Parkinson's disease. While glutamate and GABA(A) receptors play an important role in neurogenesis, the involvement of glycine receptors during human neurogenesis and dopaminergic differentiation as well as their molecular and functional characteristics in NPCs are largely unknown. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here we investigated NPCs in respect to their glycine receptor function and subunit expression using electrophysiology, calcium imaging, immunocytochemistry, and quantitative real-time PCR. Whole-cell recordings demonstrate the ability of NPCs to express functional strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors after differentiation for 3 weeks in vitro. Pharmacological and molecular analyses indicate a predominance of glycine receptor heteromers containing α2β subunits. Intracellular calcium measurements of differentiated NPCs suggest that glycine evokes depolarisations mediated by strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors and not by D-serine-sensitive excitatory glycine receptors. Culturing NPCs with additional glycine, the glycine-receptor antagonist strychnine, or the Na(+)-K(+)-Cl(-) co-transporter 1 (NKCC1)-inhibitor bumetanide did not significantly influence cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE These data indicate that NPCs derived from human fetal midbrain tissue acquire essential glycine receptor properties during neuronal maturation. However, glycine receptors seem to have a limited functional impact on neurogenesis and dopaminergic differentiation of NPCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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Skardelly M, Gaber K, Schwarz J, Milosevic J. Neuroprotective effects of the beta-catenin stabilization in an oxygen- and glucose-deprived human neural progenitor cell culture system. Int J Dev Neurosci 2011; 29:543-7. [PMID: 21497193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2011.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Revised: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Catenin stabilization achieved either via GSK-3β specific inhibition or involving canonical Wnt signalling pathway, contributes to neuroprotection in an oxygen-glucose deprivation (4h OGD) in vitro hypoxia model performed on human cortical neural progenitor cells previously differentiated into neurons and glia. Neuroprotection mechanisms include both acquiring tolerance to injury throughout preconditioning (72 h prior to OGD) or being pro-survival during 24h reoxygenation after the insult. Four hours of OGD induced apoptotic cell death elevation to 73 ± 1% vs. 12% measured in control and the LDH level, indicative of necrotic cell injury, elevation by 67 ± 7% (set to 100%). A significant reduction in apoptosis occurred at 24h reoxygenation with indirubin supplement which was 49 ± 6% at 2.5 μM BIO while LDH level was only 47 ± 5% of OGD. Kenpaullone was efficient in reducing both cell deaths at 5 μM (apoptosis 38 ± 1% and necrosis 33 ± 3% less than in OGD). Wnt agonist reduced apoptosis to 45 ± 3% at 0.01 μM, while LDH value was decreased to a level of 53 ± 5% of control. Our findings suggest that GSK-3beta inhibitors/β-catenin stabilizers may ultimately be useful drugs in neuroprotection and neuroregeneration therapies in vivo.
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Merlo S, Canonico PL, Sortino MA. Distinct effects of pramipexole on the proliferation of adult mouse sub-ventricular zone-derived cells and the appearance of a neuronal phenotype. Neuropharmacology 2011; 60:892-900. [PMID: 21272591 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pramipexole (PPX) is a dopamine agonist with an 8-fold higher affinity for D3 than D2 receptor, whose efficacy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease is based on dopamine agonistic activity. PPX has also been recently shown to be endowed with neuroprotective activity and neurogenic potential. The aim of this study was a more detailed characterization of PPX-induced neurogenesis. Both D2 and D3 receptors are expressed in floating and differentiated neurospheres obtained from the sub-ventricular zone (SVZ) of adult mice. Treatment of secondary neurospheres with 10 μM PPX causes a marked induction of cell proliferation, assessed by enhanced cell number and S phase population at cell cycle analysis. Stimulation of proliferation by PPX is still detectable in plated neurospheres before the onset of migration and differentiation, as by enhanced BrdU incorporation. This effect is sensitive to the selective D3 dopamine receptor antagonist U99194A, as well as to sulpiride. A 24 h treatment with PPX does not modify the morphology of neurosphere-derived cells, but causes an increase of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells, an effect sensitive to both D2 and D3 antagonism. Differentiation toward the neuronal lineage is increased by PPX as shown by enhancement of the cell population positive to the early neuronal marker doublecortin (DCX) at 24 h and the mature neuronal marker microtubule associated protein (MAP2) at 72 h. This effect is not modified by treatment with U99194A and is mimicked by BDNF. Accordingly, PPX increases BDNF release with a mechanism involving D2 but not D3 receptors.
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Giese AK, Frahm J, Hübner R, Luo J, Wree A, Frech MJ, Rolfs A, Ortinau S. Erythropoietin and the effect of oxygen during proliferation and differentiation of human neural progenitor cells. BMC Cell Biol 2010; 11:94. [PMID: 21126346 PMCID: PMC3018408 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-11-94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia plays a critical role in various cellular mechanisms, including proliferation and differentiation of neural stem and progenitor cells. In the present study, we explored the impact of lowered oxygen on the differentiation potential of human neural progenitor cells, and the role of erythropoietin in the differentiation process. Results In this study we demonstrate that differentiation of human fetal neural progenitor cells under hypoxic conditions results in an increased neurogenesis. In addition, expansion and proliferation under lowered oxygen conditions also increased neuronal differentiation, although proliferation rates were not altered compared to normoxic conditions. Erythropoietin partially mimicked these hypoxic effects, as shown by an increase of the metabolic activity during differentiation and protection of differentiated cells from apoptosis. Conclusion These results provide evidence that hypoxia promotes the differentiation of human fetal neural progenitor cells, and identifies the involvement of erythropoietin during differentiation as well as different cellular mechanisms underlying the induction of differentiation mediated by lowered oxygen levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Katrin Giese
- Albrecht-Kossel-Institute for Neuroregeneration, Centre for Mental Health Disease, University of Rostock, Germany
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Maisel M, Habisch H, Royer L, Herr A, Milosevic J, Hermann A, Liebau S, Brenner R, Schwarz J, Schroeder M, Storch A. Genome-wide expression profiling and functional network analysis upon neuroectodermal conversion of human mesenchymal stem cells suggest HIF-1 and miR-124a as important regulators. Exp Cell Res 2010; 316:2760-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2009] [Revised: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Meyer AK, Maisel M, Hermann A, Stirl K, Storch A. Restorative approaches in Parkinson's Disease: Which cell type wins the race? J Neurol Sci 2010; 289:93-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2009.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Wegner F, Kraft R, Busse K, Schaarschmidt G, Härtig W, Schwarz SC, Schwarz J. Glutamate receptor properties of human mesencephalic neural progenitor cells: NMDA enhances dopaminergic neurogenesisin vitro. J Neurochem 2009; 111:204-16. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06315.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Winner B, Desplats P, Hagl C, Klucken J, Aigner R, Ploetz S, Laemke J, Karl A, Aigner L, Masliah E, Buerger E, Winkler J. Dopamine receptor activation promotes adult neurogenesis in an acute Parkinson model. Exp Neurol 2009; 219:543-52. [PMID: 19619535 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Revised: 07/04/2009] [Accepted: 07/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cell proliferation of neural progenitors in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of Parkinson disease (PD) patients and animal models is decreased. It was previously demonstrated that the neurotransmitter dopamine modulates cell proliferation in the embryonic brain. The aim of the present study was to analyze whether oral treatment with the dopamine receptor agonist pramipexole (PPX) modulates adult neurogenesis in the SVZ/olfactory bulb system in a dopaminergic lesion model. 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesioned adult rats received either PPX (1.0 mg/kg) or PBS orally twice daily and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU, a cell proliferation marker) for 10 days and were perfused immediately after treatment or 4 weeks after PPX withdrawal. Stereological analysis revealed a significant augmentation in SVZ proliferation by PPX. Consecutively, enhanced neuronal differentiation and more new neurons were present in the olfactory bulb 4 weeks after PPX withdrawal. In addition, dopaminergic neurogenesis was increased in the olfactory bulb after PPX treatment. Motor activity as assessed by using an open field paradigm was permanently increased even after long term PPX withdrawal. In addition, we demonstrate that D2 and D3 receptors are present on adult rat SVZ-derived neural progenitors in vitro, and PPX specifically increased mRNA levels of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) and paired box gene 6 (Pax6). Oral PPX treatment selectively increases adult neurogenesis in the SVZ-olfactory bulb system by increasing proliferation and cell survival of newly generated neurons. Analyzing the neurogenic fate decisions mediated by D2/D3 signaling pathways may lead to new avenues to induce neural repair in the adult brain.
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Schaarschmidt G, Wegner F, Schwarz SC, Schmidt H, Schwarz J. Characterization of voltage-gated potassium channels in human neural progenitor cells. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6168. [PMID: 19584922 PMCID: PMC2702754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels are among the earliest ion channels to appear during brain development, suggesting a functional requirement for progenitor cell proliferation and/or differentiation. We tested this hypothesis, using human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) as a model system. Methodology/Principal Findings In proliferating hNPCs a broad spectrum of Kv channel subtypes was identified using quantitative real-time PCR with a predominant expression of the A-type channel Kv4.2. In whole-cell patch-clamp recordings Kv currents were separated into a large transient component characteristic for fast-inactivating A-type potassium channels (IA) and a small, sustained component produced by delayed-rectifying channels (IK). During differentiation the expression of IA as well as A-type channel transcripts dramatically decreased, while IK producing delayed-rectifiers were upregulated. Both Kv currents were differentially inhibited by selective neurotoxins like phrixotoxin-1 and α-dendrotoxin as well as by antagonists like 4-aminopyridine, ammoniumchloride, tetraethylammonium chloride and quinidine. In viability and proliferation assays chronic inhibition of the A-type currents severely disturbed the cell cycle and precluded proper hNPC proliferation, while the blockade of delayed-rectifiers by α-dendrotoxin increased proliferation. Conclusions/Significance These findings suggest that A-type potassium currents are essential for proper proliferation of immature multipotent hNPCs.
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He XJ, Nakayama H. Neurogenesis in Neurotoxin-induced Animal Models for Parkinson's Disease-A Review of the Current Status. J Toxicol Pathol 2009; 22:101-8. [PMID: 22271983 PMCID: PMC3246055 DOI: 10.1293/tox.22.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 01/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models for Parkinson’s disease (PD) are essential for understanding its pathogenesis and for development and testing of new therapies. Discoveries of endogenous neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain give new insight into the cell-based approach for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, such as PD. Although a great deal of interest has been focused on endogenous neurogenesis in neurotoxin-induced animal models for PD, it still remains controversial whether neural stem cells migrate into the injured area and contribute to repopulation of depleted dopaminergic neurons in neurotoxin-injured adult brains. The purpose of this review is to examine the data available regarding neurogenesis in neurotoxin-induced animal models of PD. It is hoped that data from the animal investigations available in the literature will promote understanding of the neurotoxin-induced animal models for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jun He
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Schaarschmidt G, Schewtschik S, Kraft R, Wegner F, Eilers J, Schwarz J, Schmidt H. A new culturing strategy improves functional neuronal development of human neural progenitor cells. J Neurochem 2009; 109:238-47. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05954.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Milosevic J, Adler I, Manaenko A, Schwarz SC, Walkinshaw G, Arend M, Flippin LA, Storch A, Schwarz J. Non-hypoxic Stabilization of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Alpha (HIF-α): Relevance in Neural Progenitor/Stem Cells. Neurotox Res 2009; 15:367-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-009-9043-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2008] [Revised: 02/24/2009] [Accepted: 02/24/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Goffin D, Aarum J, Schroeder JE, Jovanovic JN, Chuang TT. D1-like dopamine receptors regulate GABAA receptor function to modulate hippocampal neural progenitor cell proliferation. J Neurochem 2008; 107:964-75. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05679.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wegner F, Kraft R, Busse K, Härtig W, Schaarschmidt G, Schwarz SC, Schwarz J, Hevers W. Functional and molecular analysis of GABA receptors in human midbrain-derived neural progenitor cells. J Neurochem 2008; 107:1056-69. [PMID: 18796004 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05688.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
GABA(A) receptor function is involved in regulating proliferation, migration, and differentiation of rodent neural progenitor cells (NPCs). However, little is known about the molecular composition and functional relevance of GABA(A) receptors in human neural progenitors. Here, we investigated human fetal midbrain-derived NPCs in respect to their GABA(A) receptor function and subunit expression using electrophysiology, calcium imaging, and quantitative real-time PCR. Whole-cell recordings of ligand- and voltage-gated ion channels demonstrate the ability of NPCs to generate action potentials and to express functional GABA(A) receptors after differentiation for 3 weeks in vitro. Pharmacological and molecular characterizations indicate a predominance of GABA(A) receptor heteromers containing subunits alpha2, beta1, and/or beta3, and gamma. Intracellular Ca(2+) measurements and the expression profile of the Na(+)-K(+)-Cl(-) co-transporter 1 and the K(+)-Cl(-) co-transporter 2 in differentiated NPCs suggest that GABA evokes depolarizations mediated by GABA(A) receptors. These data indicate that NPCs derived from human fetal midbrain tissue acquire essential GABA(A) receptor properties during neuronal maturation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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