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Vacchini A, Chancellor A, Yang Q, Colombo R, Spagnuolo J, Berloffa G, Joss D, Øyås O, Lecchi C, De Simone G, Beshirova A, Nosi V, Loureiro JP, Morabito A, De Gregorio C, Pfeffer M, Schaefer V, Prota G, Zippelius A, Stelling J, Häussinger D, Brunelli L, Villalta P, Lepore M, Davoli E, Balbo S, Mori L, De Libero G. Nucleobase adducts bind MR1 and stimulate MR1-restricted T cells. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadn0126. [PMID: 38728413 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adn0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
MR1T cells are a recently found class of T cells that recognize antigens presented by the major histocompatibility complex-I-related molecule MR1 in the absence of microbial infection. The nature of the self-antigens that stimulate MR1T cells remains unclear, hampering our understanding of their physiological role and therapeutic potential. By combining genetic, pharmacological, and biochemical approaches, we found that carbonyl stress and changes in nucleobase metabolism in target cells promote MR1T cell activation. Stimulatory compounds formed by carbonyl adducts of nucleobases were detected within MR1 molecules produced by tumor cells, and their abundance and antigenicity were enhanced by drugs that induce carbonyl accumulation. Our data reveal carbonyl-nucleobase adducts as MR1T cell antigens. Recognizing cells under carbonyl stress allows MR1T cells to monitor cellular metabolic changes with physiological and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Vacchini
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Chancellor
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Qinmei Yang
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Rodrigo Colombo
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Julian Spagnuolo
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Giuliano Berloffa
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Joss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Ove Øyås
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering and SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, ETH Zurich, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Lecchi
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Giulia De Simone
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - Aisha Beshirova
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir Nosi
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - José Pedro Loureiro
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Aurelia Morabito
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - Corinne De Gregorio
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Michael Pfeffer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Verena Schaefer
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Gennaro Prota
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Alfred Zippelius
- Cancer Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Stelling
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering and SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, ETH Zurich, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Häussinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Laura Brunelli
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - Peter Villalta
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Marco Lepore
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - Silvia Balbo
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Lucia Mori
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Gennaro De Libero
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
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Cecerska-Heryć E, Wiśniewska Z, Serwin N, Polikowska A, Goszka M, Engwert W, Michałów J, Pękała M, Budkowska M, Michalczyk A, Dołęgowska B. Can Compounds of Natural Origin Be Important in Chemoprevention? Anticancer Properties of Quercetin, Resveratrol, and Curcumin-A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4505. [PMID: 38674092 PMCID: PMC11050349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors are the second most common cause of death worldwide. More attention is being paid to the link between the body's impaired oxidoreductive balance and cancer incidence. Much attention is being paid to polyphenols derived from plants, as one of their properties is an antioxidant character: the ability to eliminate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, chelate specific metal ions, modulate signaling pathways affecting inflammation, and raise the level and activity of antioxidant enzymes while lowering those with oxidative effects. The following three compounds, resveratrol, quercetin, and curcumin, are polyphenols modulating multiple molecular targets, or increasing pro-apoptotic protein expression levels and decreasing anti-apoptotic protein expression levels. Experiments conducted in vitro and in vivo on animals and humans suggest using them as chemopreventive agents based on antioxidant properties. The advantage of these natural polyphenols is low toxicity and weak adverse effects at higher doses. However, the compounds discussed are characterized by low bioavailability and solubility, which may make achieving the blood concentrations needed for the desired effect challenging. The solution may lie in derivatives of naturally occurring polyphenols subjected to structural modifications that enhance their beneficial effects or work on implementing new ways of delivering antioxidants that improve their solubility and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Cecerska-Heryć
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (Z.W.); (N.S.); (A.P.); (M.G.); (W.E.); (J.M.); (M.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Zofia Wiśniewska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (Z.W.); (N.S.); (A.P.); (M.G.); (W.E.); (J.M.); (M.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Natalia Serwin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (Z.W.); (N.S.); (A.P.); (M.G.); (W.E.); (J.M.); (M.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Aleksandra Polikowska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (Z.W.); (N.S.); (A.P.); (M.G.); (W.E.); (J.M.); (M.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Małgorzata Goszka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (Z.W.); (N.S.); (A.P.); (M.G.); (W.E.); (J.M.); (M.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Weronika Engwert
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (Z.W.); (N.S.); (A.P.); (M.G.); (W.E.); (J.M.); (M.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Jaśmina Michałów
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (Z.W.); (N.S.); (A.P.); (M.G.); (W.E.); (J.M.); (M.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Maja Pękała
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (Z.W.); (N.S.); (A.P.); (M.G.); (W.E.); (J.M.); (M.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Marta Budkowska
- Department of Medical Analytics, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Anna Michalczyk
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Broniewskiego 26, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Barbara Dołęgowska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (Z.W.); (N.S.); (A.P.); (M.G.); (W.E.); (J.M.); (M.P.); (B.D.)
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3
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Kasai H, Kawai K. Formation of the mutagenic DNA lesion 1,N 2-ethenoguanine induced by heated cooking oil and identification of causative agents. Genes Environ 2023; 45:27. [PMID: 37880746 PMCID: PMC10599067 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-023-00284-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The DNA-damaging compounds in heated cooking oil were identified as guanosine adducts. Heated vegetable oil was subjected to deep-frying conditions at 170 °C for 45 min, reacted with isopropylidene guanosine (ipG) at pH 7.4, and the resulting compounds were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS Two adducts, 8-hydroxy-ipG and 1,N2-etheno-ipG, were identified in the reaction mixture. One of the major components in heated cooking oil, 2,4-heptadienal (HDE), efficiently produced etheno-ipG from ipG in the presence of tBuOOH. An oxidized HDE solution was fractionated using HPLC to identify causative agents, and each fraction was tested for etheno-ipG formation. In addition to the known lipid peroxidation product, 4,5-epoxy-2-heptenal, two unknown polar components with potent etheno-ipG formation activity were discovered. Based on Mass and UV spectra, their structures were identified as 6-oxo- and 6-hydroxy-2,4-HDE. Similarly, 6-oxo- and 6-hydroxy-2,4- decadienal (DDE) were formed from 2,4-DDE. Significant amounts of 6-oxo- and 6-hydroxy-2,4-alkadienal were detected in the heated cooking oil. These compounds induced the formation of 1,N2-ethenoguanine in nucleosides and DNA, especially in the presence of tBuOOH. Moreover, the formation of 6-oxo- and 6-OH-HDE from 2,4-HDE was accelerated in the presence of hemin and tBuOOH. CONCLUSION The results suggest that these compounds are not only generated during the oil heating process but also produced from 2,4-alkadienal through digestion under normal physiological conditions, especially after ingesting heme- and alkyl-OOH-containing diets. Moreover, these compounds can be formed within cells under oxidative stress, potentially linking them to gastrointestinal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kasai
- Department of Environmental Oncology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Kawai
- Department of Environmental Oncology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
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Guo W, Cui S, Tang X, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Mao B, Zhang H. Intestinal Microbiomics and Metabolomics Insights into the Hepatoprotective Effects of Lactobacillus paracasei CCFM1222 Against the Acute Liver Injury in Mice. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1063-1077. [PMID: 36056292 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09986-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, acute liver injury (ALI) has received wide-range attention in the world due to its relatively high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to explore the hepatoprotective effect of Lactobacillus paracasei CCFM1222 against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI mice and further elaborate its mechanism of action from the perspective of intestinal microbiomics and metabolomics. The results displayed that L. paracasei CCFM1222 pretreatment significantly decreased the serum ALT, and AST levels, inhibited the releases of hepatic TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels, and activated the SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities in LPS-treated mice. The cecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) levels were increased in LPS-treated mice with L. paracasei CCFM1222 pretreatment. In addition, L. paracasei CCFM1222 pretreatment remarkably shifted the intestinal microbiota composition, including the higher abundance of Faecalibaculum, Bifidobacterium, and lower abundance of the Prevotellaceae NK3B31 group, which is positively associated with the cecal propionic, butyric, valeric, isobutyric, and isovaleric acids. The metabolomics based on UPLC-QTOF/MS revealed that L. paracasei CCFM1222 pretreatment significantly regulated the composition of feces metabolites in LPS-treated mice, especially the potential biomarker-related butanoate metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, caffeine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, arginine, and proline metabolism. Moreover, L. paracasei CCFM1222 pretreatment remarkably regulated the expression of gene-associated ALI (including Tlr4, Myd88, Nf-kβ, iNOS, Cox2, Iκ-Bα, Nrf2, and Sirt-1). In conclusion, these results suggest the possibility that L. paracasei CCFM1222 supplementation has beneficial effects on preventing the occurrence and development of ALI by inhibiting the inflammatory responses and altering intestinal microbiota composition and their metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Shumao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qiuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Bingyong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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Mikhailova AG, Mikhailova AA, Ushakova K, Tretiakov EO, Iliushchenko D, Shamansky V, Lobanova V, Kozenkov I, Efimenko B, Yurchenko AA, Kozenkova E, Zdobnov EM, Makeev V, Yurov V, Tanaka M, Gostimskaya I, Fleischmann Z, Annis S, Franco M, Wasko K, Denisov S, Kunz WS, Knorre D, Mazunin I, Nikolaev S, Fellay J, Reymond A, Khrapko K, Gunbin K, Popadin K. A mitochondria-specific mutational signature of aging: increased rate of A > G substitutions on the heavy strand. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:10264-10277. [PMID: 36130228 PMCID: PMC9561281 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mutational spectrum of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) does not resemble any of the known mutational signatures of the nuclear genome and variation in mtDNA mutational spectra between different organisms is still incomprehensible. Since mitochondria are responsible for aerobic respiration, it is expected that mtDNA mutational spectrum is affected by oxidative damage. Assuming that oxidative damage increases with age, we analyse mtDNA mutagenesis of different species in regards to their generation length. Analysing, (i) dozens of thousands of somatic mtDNA mutations in samples of different ages (ii) 70053 polymorphic synonymous mtDNA substitutions reconstructed in 424 mammalian species with different generation lengths and (iii) synonymous nucleotide content of 650 complete mitochondrial genomes of mammalian species we observed that the frequency of AH > GH substitutions (H: heavy strand notation) is twice bigger in species with high versus low generation length making their mtDNA more AH poor and GH rich. Considering that AH > GH substitutions are also sensitive to the time spent single-stranded (TSSS) during asynchronous mtDNA replication we demonstrated that AH > GH substitution rate is a function of both species-specific generation length and position-specific TSSS. We propose that AH > GH is a mitochondria-specific signature of oxidative damage associated with both aging and TSSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina G Mikhailova
- Center for Mitochondrial Functional Genomics, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina A Mikhailova
- Center for Mitochondrial Functional Genomics, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Kristina Ushakova
- Center for Mitochondrial Functional Genomics, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeny O Tretiakov
- Center for Mitochondrial Functional Genomics, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dmitrii Iliushchenko
- Center for Mitochondrial Functional Genomics, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Victor Shamansky
- Center for Mitochondrial Functional Genomics, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Valeria Lobanova
- Center for Mitochondrial Functional Genomics, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan Kozenkov
- Center for Mitochondrial Functional Genomics, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Bogdan Efimenko
- Center for Mitochondrial Functional Genomics, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey A Yurchenko
- INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Elena Kozenkova
- Institute of Physics, Mathematics and Information Technology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeny M Zdobnov
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vsevolod Makeev
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valerian Yurov
- Institute of Physics, Mathematics and Information Technology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Masashi Tanaka
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Irina Gostimskaya
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe Fleischmann
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sofia Annis
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melissa Franco
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Wasko
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stepan Denisov
- Center for Mitochondrial Functional Genomics, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Wolfram S Kunz
- Department of Epileptology and Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dmitry Knorre
- The A.N. Belozersky Institute Of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya Mazunin
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Skolkovo, Russian Federation
- Fomin Clinic, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Medical Genomics LLC, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Nikolaev
- INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jacques Fellay
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Reymond
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Konstantin Gunbin
- Center for Mitochondrial Functional Genomics, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin Popadin
- Center for Mitochondrial Functional Genomics, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Ghodke PP, Matse JH, Dawson S, Guengerich FP. Nucleophilic Thiol Proteins Bind Covalently to Abasic Sites in DNA. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:1805-1808. [PMID: 35482010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the course of studies on the enhancement of 1,2-dibromoethane-induced DNA base pair mutations by O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT, MGMT), we discovered the facile reaction of AGT with an abasic site in DNA, leading to covalent cross-linking. The binding of AGT differs from the mechanism reported for the protein HMCES; instead it appears to involve formation of a stable thioglycoside. Facile cross-linking was also observed with the protease papain, which like AGT has a low pKa cysteine, and the tripeptide glutathione.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha P Ghodke
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - Johannes H Matse
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - Scott Dawson
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - F Peter Guengerich
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
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Wang P, Roider E, Coulter ME, Walsh CA, Kramer CS, Beuning PJ, Giese RW. DNA Adductomics by mass tag prelabeling. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9095. [PMID: 33821547 PMCID: PMC10668917 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE As a new approach to DNA adductomics, we directly reacted intact, double-stranded (ds)-DNA under warm conditions with an alkylating mass tag followed by analysis by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. This method is based on the tendency of adducted nucleobases to locally disrupt the DNA structure (forming a "DNA bubble") potentially increasing exposure of their nucleophilic (including active hydrogen) sites for preferential alkylation. Also encouraging this strategy is that the scope of nucleotide excision repair is very broad, and this system primarily recognizes DNA bubbles. METHODS A cationic xylyl (CAX) mass tag with limited nonpolarity was selected to increase the retention of polar adducts in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for more detectability while maintaining resolution. We thereby detected a diversity of DNA adducts (mostly polar) by the following sequence of steps: (1) react DNA at 45°C for 2 h under aqueous conditions with CAX-B (has a benzyl bromide functional group to label active hydrogen sites) in the presence of triethylamine; (2) remove residual reagents by precipitating and washing the DNA (a convenient step); (3) digest the DNA enzymatically to nucleotides and remove unlabeled nucleotides by nonpolar solid-phase extraction (also a convenient step); and (4) detect CAX-labeled, adducted nucleotides by LC/MS2 or a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MS technique. RESULTS Examples of the 42 DNA or RNA adducts detected, or tentatively so based on accurate mass and fragmentation data, are as follows: 8-oxo-dGMP, ethyl-dGMP, hydroxyethyl-dGMP (four isomers, all HPLC-resolved), uracil-glycol, apurinic/apyrimidinic sites, benzo[a]pyrene-dGMP, and, for the first time, benzoquinone-hydroxymethyl-dCMP. Importantly, these adducts are detected in a single procedure under a single set of conditions. Sensitivity, however, is only defined in a preliminary way, namely the latter adduct seems to be detected at a level of about 4 adducts in 109 nucleotides (S/N ~30). CONCLUSIONS CAX-Prelabeling is an emerging new technique for DNA adductomics, providing polar DNA adductomics in a practical way for the first time. Further study of the method is encouraged to better characterize and extend its performance, especially in scope and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poguang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elisabeth Roider
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Christopher A Walsh
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Center for Life Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caitlin S Kramer
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Penny J Beuning
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roger W Giese
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Kay JE, Mirabal S, Briley WE, Kimoto T, Poutahidis T, Ragan T, So PT, Wadduwage DN, Erdman SE, Engelward BP. Analysis of mutations in tumor and normal adjacent tissue via fluorescence detection. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2021; 62:108-123. [PMID: 33314311 PMCID: PMC7880898 DOI: 10.1002/em.22419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a major risk factor for many types of cancer, including colorectal. There are two fundamentally different mechanisms by which inflammation can contribute to carcinogenesis. First, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) can damage DNA to cause mutations that initiate cancer. Second, inflammatory cytokines and chemokines promote proliferation, migration, and invasion. Although it is known that inflammation-associated RONS can be mutagenic, the extent to which they induce mutations in intestinal stem cells has been little explored. Furthermore, it is now widely accepted that cancer is caused by successive rounds of clonal expansion with associated de novo mutations that further promote tumor development. As such, we aimed to understand the extent to which inflammation promotes clonal expansion in normal and tumor tissue. Using an engineered mouse model that is prone to cancer and within which mutant cells fluoresce, here we have explored the impact of inflammation on de novo mutagenesis and clonal expansion in normal and tumor tissue. While inflammation is strongly associated with susceptibility to cancer and a concomitant increase in the overall proportion of mutant cells in the tissue, we did not observe an increase in mutations in normal adjacent tissue. These results are consistent with opportunities for de novo mutations and clonal expansion during tumor growth, and they suggest protective mechanisms that suppress the risk of inflammation-induced accumulation of mutant cells in normal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E. Kay
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Sheyla Mirabal
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - Takafumi Kimoto
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Theofilos Poutahidis
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Peter T. So
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Dushan N. Wadduwage
- The John Harvard Distinguished Science Fellows Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
- Center for Advanced Imaging, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Susan E. Erdman
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Bevin P. Engelward
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
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9
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Nilsson R, Liu NA. Nuclear DNA damages generated by reactive oxygen molecules (ROS) under oxidative stress and their relevance to human cancers, including ionizing radiation-induced neoplasia part II: Relation between ROS-induced DNA damages and human cancer. RADIATION MEDICINE AND PROTECTION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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10
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Nilsson R, Liu NA. Nuclear DNA damages generated by reactive oxygen molecules (ROS) under oxidative stress and their relevance to human cancers, including ionizing radiation-induced neoplasia part I: Physical, chemical and molecular biology aspects. RADIATION MEDICINE AND PROTECTION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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11
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Nasrollahzadeh E, Razi S, Keshavarz-Fathi M, Mazzone M, Rezaei N. Pro-tumorigenic functions of macrophages at the primary, invasive and metastatic tumor site. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:1673-1697. [PMID: 32500231 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02616-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) not only facilitates cancer progression from the early formation to distant metastasis, but also it differs itself from time to time alongside the tumor evolution. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), whether as pre-existing tissue-resident macrophages or recruited monocytes, are an inseparable part of this microenvironment. As their parents are broadly classified into a dichotomic, simplistic M1 and M2 subtypes, TAMs also exert paradoxical and diverse phenotypes as they are settled in different regions of TME and receive different microenvironmental signals. Briefly, M1 macrophages induce an inflammatory precancerous niche and flame the early oncogenic mutations, whereas their M2 counterparts are reprogrammed to release various growth factors and providing an immunosuppressive state in TME as long as abetting hypoxic cancer cells to set up a new vasculature. Further, they mediate stromal micro-invasion and co-migrate with invasive cancer cells to invade the vascular wall and neural sheath, while another subtype of TAMs prepares suitable niches much earlier than metastatic cells arrive at the target tissues. Accordingly, at the neoplastic transformation, during the benign-to-malignant transition and through the metastatic cascade, macrophages are involved in shaping the primary, micro-invasive and pre-metastatic TMEs. Whether their behavioral plasticity is derived from distinct genotypes or is fueled by microenvironmental cues, it could define these cells as remarkably interesting therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Nasrollahzadeh
- School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Razi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, KU Leuven, Louvain, B3000, Belgium
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr Qarib St, Keshavarz Blvd, 14194, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Stockholm, Sweden.
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12
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Gorokhova E, Martella G, Motwani NH, Tretyakova NY, Sundelin B, Motwani HV. DNA epigenetic marks are linked to embryo aberrations in amphipods. Sci Rep 2020; 10:655. [PMID: 31959811 PMCID: PMC6971077 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57465-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Linking exposure to environmental stress factors with diseases is crucial for proposing preventive and regulatory actions. Upon exposure to anthropogenic chemicals, covalent modifications on the genome can drive developmental and reproductive disorders in wild populations, with subsequent effects on the population persistence. Hence, screening of chemical modifications on DNA can be used to provide information on the probability of such disorders in populations of concern. Using a high-resolution mass spectrometry methodology, we identified DNA nucleoside adducts in gravid females of the Baltic amphipods Monoporeia affinis, and linked the adduct profiles to the frequency of embryo malformations in the broods. Twenty-three putative nucleoside adducts were detected in the females and their embryos, and eight modifications were structurally identified using high-resolution accurate mass data. To identify which adducts were significantly associated with embryo malformations, partial least squares regression (PLSR) modelling was applied. The PLSR model yielded three adducts as the key predictors: methylation at two different positions of the DNA (5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine and N6-methyl-2'-deoxyadenosine) representing epigenetic marks, and a structurally unidentified nucleoside adduct. These adducts predicted the elevated frequency of the malformations with a high classification accuracy (84%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first application of DNA adductomics for identification of contaminant-induced malformations in field-collected animals. The method can be adapted for a broad range of species and evolve as a new omics tool in environmental health assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gorokhova
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE, 10691, Sweden
| | - Giulia Martella
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE, 10691, Sweden
| | - Nisha H Motwani
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE, 10691, Sweden
| | - Natalia Y Tretyakova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Brita Sundelin
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE, 10691, Sweden
| | - Hitesh V Motwani
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE, 10691, Sweden.
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13
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Li Y, Xue Z, Dong X, Liu Q, Liu Z, Li H, Xing H, Xu Y, Tang K, Tian Z, Wang M, Rao Q, Wang J. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in bone marrow stromal cells induced by daunorubicin leads to DNA damage in hematopoietic cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 146:211-221. [PMID: 31706989 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxic chemotherapies could cause the dysregulation of hematopoiesis and even put patients at increased risk of hematopoietic malignancy. Therapy-related leukemia is mainly caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy-induced genetic mutations in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). In addition to the intrinsic mechanism, some extrinsic events occurring in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment are also possible mechanisms involved in genetic alteration. In the present study, we investigated the damage to BM stromal cells induced by a chemotherapy drug, daunorubicin (DNR) and further identified the DNA damage in hematopoietic cells caused by drug-treated stromal cells. It was found that treatment with DNR in mice caused a temporary reduction in cell number in each BM stromal cell subpopulation and the impairment of clonal growth potential in BM stromal cells. DNR treatment led to a tendency of senescence, generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, production of cytokines and chemokines, and dysfunction of mitochondrial in stromal cells. Transcriptome microarray data and gene ontology (GO) or gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that differentially expressed genes that were down-regulated in response to DNR treatment were significantly enriched in mitochondrion function, and negative regulators of reactive oxygen species. Surprisingly, it was found that DNR-treated stromal cells secreted high levels of H2O2 into the culture supernatant. Furthermore, coculture of hematopoietic cells with DNR-treated stromal cells led to the accumulation of DNA damage as determined by the levels of histone H2AX phosphorylation and 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine in hematopoietic cells. Overall, our results suggest that DNR-induced BM stromal cell damage can lead to genomic instability in hematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, PR China
| | - Zhenya Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, PR China
| | - Xuanjia Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, PR China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, PR China
| | - Zhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, PR China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, PR China
| | - Haiyan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, PR China
| | - Yingxi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, PR China
| | - Kejing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, PR China
| | - Zheng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, PR China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, PR China
| | - Qing Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, PR China.
| | - Jianxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, PR China.
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14
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Kay J, Thadhani E, Samson L, Engelward B. Inflammation-induced DNA damage, mutations and cancer. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 83:102673. [PMID: 31387777 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The relationships between inflammation and cancer are varied and complex. An important connection linking inflammation to cancer development is DNA damage. During inflammation reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are created to combat pathogens and to stimulate tissue repair and regeneration, but these chemicals can also damage DNA, which in turn can promote mutations that initiate and promote cancer. DNA repair pathways are essential for preventing DNA damage from causing mutations and cytotoxicity, but RONS can interfere with repair mechanisms, reducing their efficacy. Further, cellular responses to DNA damage, such as damage signaling and cytotoxicity, can promote inflammation, creating a positive feedback loop. Despite coordination of DNA repair and oxidative stress responses, there are nevertheless examples whereby inflammation has been shown to promote mutagenesis, tissue damage, and ultimately carcinogenesis. Here, we discuss the DNA damage-mediated associations between inflammation, mutagenesis and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Kay
- Department of Biological Engineering, United States.
| | | | - Leona Samson
- Department of Biological Engineering, United States; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States
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15
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Salmaninejad A, Valilou SF, Soltani A, Ahmadi S, Abarghan YJ, Rosengren RJ, Sahebkar A. Tumor-associated macrophages: role in cancer development and therapeutic implications. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2019; 42:591-608. [PMID: 31144271 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00453-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are known to play important roles in the initiation and progression of human cancers, as well as in angiogenesis. TAMs are considered as main components of the tumor microenvironment. Targeting TAMs may serve as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancer. In this review, the signaling pathways, origin, function, polarization and clinical application of TAMs are discussed. The role of TAMs in tumor initiation, progression, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis are also emphasized. In addition, a variety of clinical and pre-clinical approaches to target TAMs are discussed. CONCLUSIONS Clinical therapeutic approaches that show most promise include blocking the extravasation of TAMs along with using TAMs as diagnostic biomarkers for cancer progression. The targeting of TAMs in a variety of clinical settings appears to be a promising strategy for decreasing metastasis formation and for improving patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Salmaninejad
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Medical Genetics Research Center, Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Farajzadeh Valilou
- Medical Genetics Network (MeGeNe), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Soltani
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sepideh Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Jafari Abarghan
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rhonda J Rosengren
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. box: 91779-48564, Mashhad, Iran.
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16
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Hakura A, Sui H, Sonoda J, Matsuda T, Nohmi T. DNA polymerase kappa counteracts inflammation-induced mutagenesis in multiple organs of mice. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2019; 60:320-330. [PMID: 30620413 DOI: 10.1002/em.22272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In vitro studies indicate that DNA polymerase kappa (Polκ) is able to accurately and efficiently perform DNA synthesis using templates containing various types of DNA damage, including benzo[a]pyrene (BP)-induced N2 -deoxyguanosine adducts. In this study, we examined sensitivity of inactivated Polk knock-in (Polk-/- ) mice to BP carcinogenicity in the colon by administering an oral dose of BP plus dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), an inflammation causing promoter of carcinogenesis. Although colon cancer was successfully induced by BP plus DSS, there was no significant difference in tumor incidence or multiplicity between Polk-/- and Polk+/+ mice. Malignant lymphoma was induced in thymus by the treatment only in Polk-/- mice, but it lacked statistical significance. Mutant frequencies (MFs) in the gpt reporter gene were strongly enhanced in colon; almost to the same extent in both types of mice. Micronucleus formation in bone marrow at the high dose of BP and DNA adducts in colon and lung was not significantly different between two types of mice. Surprisingly, however, Polk-/- mice exhibited significantly higher MFs in colon and lung than did Polk+/+ mice when they were treated with DSS alone. The most prominent mutation induced by DSS treatment was G:C to C:G transversion, whose specific MF in proximal colon was 30 times higher in Polk-/- than in Polk+/+ mice. DSS alone did not enhance MF at all in Polk+/+ mice. The results indicate that Polκ does not suppress BP-induced mutagenesis and carcinogenesis in the colon, but counteracts inflammation-induced mutagenesis in multiple organs. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 60:320-330, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Hakura
- Tsukuba Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hajime Sui
- Food and Drug Safety Center, Hatano Research Institute, Hadano, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Jiro Sonoda
- GLP, Eisai Co., Ltd., Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomonari Matsuda
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takehiko Nohmi
- Biological Safety Research Center, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
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17
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van Dalen FJ, van Stevendaal MHME, Fennemann FL, Verdoes M, Ilina O. Molecular Repolarisation of Tumour-Associated Macrophages. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010009. [PMID: 30577495 PMCID: PMC6337345 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumour microenvironment (TME) is composed of extracellular matrix and non-mutated cells supporting tumour growth and development. Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are among the most abundant immune cells in the TME and are responsible for the onset of a smouldering inflammation. TAMs play a pivotal role in oncogenic processes as tumour proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis, and they provide a barrier against the cytotoxic effector function of T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. However, TAMs are highly plastic cells that can adopt either pro- or anti-inflammatory roles in response to environmental cues. Consequently, TAMs represent an attractive target to recalibrate immune responses in the TME. Initial TAM-targeted strategies, such as macrophage depletion or disruption of TAM recruitment, have shown beneficial effects in preclinical models and clinical trials. Alternatively, reprogramming TAMs towards a proinflammatory and tumouricidal phenotype has become an attractive strategy in immunotherapy. This work summarises the molecular wheelwork of macrophage biology and presents an overview of molecular strategies to repolarise TAMs in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floris J van Dalen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Marleen H M E van Stevendaal
- Department of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Felix L Fennemann
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Martijn Verdoes
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Olga Ilina
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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18
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de Oliveira AAF, de Oliveira TF, Dias MF, Medeiros MHG, Di Mascio P, Veras M, Lemos M, Marcourakis T, Saldiva PHN, Loureiro APM. Genotoxic and epigenotoxic effects in mice exposed to concentrated ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) from São Paulo city, Brazil. Part Fibre Toxicol 2018; 15:40. [PMID: 30340610 PMCID: PMC6194750 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-018-0276-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Metropolitan Area of São Paulo has a unique composition of atmospheric pollutants, and positive correlations between exposure and the risk of diseases and mortality have been observed. Here we assessed the effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on genotoxic and global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation changes, as well as the activities of antioxidant enzymes, in tissues of AJ mice exposed whole body to ambient air enriched in PM2.5, which was concentrated in a chamber near an avenue of intense traffic in São Paulo City, Brazil. RESULTS Mice exposed to concentrated ambient PM2.5 (1 h daily, 3 months) were compared to in situ ambient air exposed mice as the study control. The concentrated PM2.5 exposed group presented increased levels of the oxidized nucleoside 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine in lung and kidney DNA and increased levels of the etheno adducts 1,N6-etheno-2'-deoxyadenosine and 1,N2-etheno-2'-deoxyguanosine in kidney and liver DNA, respectively. Apart from the genotoxic effects, the exposure to PM2.5 led to decreased levels of the epigenetic mark 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) in lung and liver DNA. Changes in lung, liver, and erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activities were also observed. Decreased glutathione reductase and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were observed in the lungs, while the liver presented increased glutathione S-transferase and decreased SOD activities. An increase in SOD activity was also observed in erythrocytes. These changes are consistent with the induction of local and systemic oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS Mice exposed daily to PM2.5 at a concentration that mimics 24-h exposure to the mean concentration found in ambient air presented, after 3 months, increased levels of DNA lesions related to the occurrence of oxidative stress in the lungs, liver, and kidney, in parallel to decreased global levels of 5-hmC in lung and liver DNA. Genetic and epigenetic alterations induced by pollutants may affect the genes committed to cell cycle control, apoptosis, and cell differentiation, increasing the chance of cancer development, which merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Anax Falcão de Oliveira
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 580, Bloco 13 B, São Paulo, CEP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Tiago Franco de Oliveira
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 580, Bloco 13 B, São Paulo, CEP 05508-000 Brazil
- Present address: Departamento de Farmacociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite 245, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul CEP 90050-170 Brazil
| | - Michelle Francini Dias
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 580, Bloco 13 B, São Paulo, CEP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Marisa Helena Gennari Medeiros
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, CEP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Paolo Di Mascio
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, CEP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Mariana Veras
- Laboratório de Poluição Atmosférica Experimental – LIM05, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, São Paulo, CEP 01246903 Brazil
| | - Miriam Lemos
- Laboratório de Poluição Atmosférica Experimental – LIM05, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, São Paulo, CEP 01246903 Brazil
| | - Tania Marcourakis
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 580, Bloco 13 B, São Paulo, CEP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva
- Laboratório de Poluição Atmosférica Experimental – LIM05, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, São Paulo, CEP 01246903 Brazil
- Instituto de Estudos Avançados, Universidade de São Paulo, R. do Anfiteatro, 513, São Paulo, CEP 05508060 Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Melo Loureiro
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 580, Bloco 13 B, São Paulo, CEP 05508-000 Brazil
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19
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Pieniazek M, Matkowski R, Donizy P. Macrophages in skin melanoma-the key element in melanomagenesis. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:5399-5404. [PMID: 29552183 PMCID: PMC5840697 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive cancer and its onset and growth are associated, through direct and indirect interactions, with the cancer microenvironment. The microenvironment comprises a dynamic complex of numerous types of cells (due to histogenesis) that constantly interact with each other through multiple cytokines and signaling proteins. Macrophages are one of the most thoroughly studied pleiotropic cells of the immune system. One of their major cytophysiological functions is their involvement in phagocytosis. Previous studies examining the microenvironment of melanomas and tumor-associated macrophages have revealed that they are involved in all stages of melanomagenesis. In the case of cancer initiation, they form an inflammatory microenvironment and then suppress the anticancer activity of the immune system, stimulate angiogenesis, enhance migration and invasion of the cancer cells, and ultimately contribute to the metastatic process. The present review provides a detailed overview on the function of macrophages in the melanoma microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Pieniazek
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Tadeusz Koszarowski Regional Oncology Centre, Opole 45-061, Poland
| | - Rafal Matkowski
- Department of Oncology and Division of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-367, Poland
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Lower Silesian Oncology Centre, Wroclaw 53-413, Poland
| | - Piotr Donizy
- Department of Pathomorphology and Oncological Cytology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
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20
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Filippova JA, Semenov DV, Juravlev ES, Komissarov AB, Richter VA, Stepanov GA. Modern Approaches for Identification of Modified Nucleotides in RNA. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 82:1217-1233. [PMID: 29223150 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297917110013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This review considers approaches for detection of modified monomers in the RNA structure of living organisms. Recently, some data on dynamic alterations in the pool of modifications of the key RNA species that depend on external factors affecting the cells and physiological conditions of the whole organism have been accumulated. The recent studies have presented experimental data on relationship between the mechanisms of formation of modified/minor nucleotides of RNA in mammalian cells and the development of various pathologies. The development of novel methods for detection of chemical modifications of RNA nucleotides in the cells of living organisms and accumulation of knowledge on the contribution of modified monomers to metabolism and functioning of individual RNA species establish the basis for creation of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This review includes a short description of routine methods for determination of modified nucleotides in RNA and considers in detail modern approaches that enable not only detection but also quantitative assessment of the modification level of various nucleotides in individual RNA species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Filippova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
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21
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Canli Ö, Nicolas AM, Gupta J, Finkelmeier F, Goncharova O, Pesic M, Neumann T, Horst D, Löwer M, Sahin U, Greten FR. Myeloid Cell-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species Induce Epithelial Mutagenesis. Cancer Cell 2017; 32:869-883.e5. [PMID: 29232557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Increased oxidative stress has been suggested to initiate and promote tumorigenesis by inducing DNA damage and to suppress tumor development by triggering apoptosis and senescence. The contribution of individual cell types in the tumor microenvironment to these contrasting effects remains poorly understood. We provide evidence that during intestinal tumorigenesis, myeloid cell-derived H2O2 triggers genome-wide DNA mutations in intestinal epithelial cells to stimulate invasive growth. Moreover, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in myeloid cells initiates tumor growth in various organs also in the absence of a carcinogen challenge in a paracrine manner. Our data identify an intricate crosstalk between myeloid cell-derived ROS molecules, oxidative DNA damage, and tumor necrosis factor α-mediated signaling to orchestrate a tumor-promoting microenvironment causing invasive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Canli
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Adele M Nicolas
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Jalaj Gupta
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Fabian Finkelmeier
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Frankfurt Medical School, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Olga Goncharova
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Marina Pesic
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Tobias Neumann
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - David Horst
- Institute of Pathology, University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Löwer
- TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University gGmbH, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ugur Sahin
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University gGmbH, 55131 Mainz, Germany; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Florian R Greten
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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22
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Abstract
Germline mutation of BRCA2 induces hereditary pancreatic cancer. However, how BRCA2 mutation specifically induces pancreatic tumorigenesis remains elusive. Here, we have examined a mouse model of Brca2-deficiency-induced pancreatic tumors and found that excessive reactive nitrogen species (RNS), such as nitrite, are generated in precancerous pancreases, which induce massive DNA damage, including DNA double-strand breaks. RNS-induced DNA lesions cause genomic instability in the absence of Brca2. Moreover, with the treatment of antioxidant tempol to suppress RNS, not only are DNA lesions significantly reduced, but also the onset of pancreatic cancer is delayed. Thus, this study demonstrates that excess RNS are a nongenetic driving force for Brca2-deficiency-induced pancreatic tumors. Suppression of RNS could be an important strategy for pancreatic cancer prevention.
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23
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Gao L, Mutlu E, Collins LB, Walker NJ, Hartwell HJ, Olson JR, Sun W, Gold A, Ball LM, Swenberg JA. DNA Product Formation in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats Following Polyhalogenated Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PHAH) Exposure. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:794-803. [PMID: 28207250 PMCID: PMC5363288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
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DNA
oxidation damage has been regarded as one of the possible mechanisms
for the hepatic carcinogenesis of dioxin-like compounds (DLCs). In
this study, we evaluated the toxic equivalency factor (TEF) from the
standpoint of induced DNA oxidation products and their relationship
to toxicity and carcinogenicity. Nine DNA oxidation products were
analyzed in the liver of female Sprague–Dawley rats exposed
to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-pdioxin (TCDD) alone or the tertiary
mixture of TCDD, 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB
126), and 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (PeCDF) by gavage
for 14, 31, and 53 weeks (5 days/week) by LC–MS/MS: 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine
(8-oxo-dGuo); 1,N6-etheno-2′-deoxyadenosine
(1,N6-εdAdo); N2,3-ethenoguanine (N2,3-εG);
7-(2-oxoethly)guanine (7-OEG); 1,N2-etheno-2′-deoxyguanosine
(1,N2-εdGuo); malondialdehyde (M1dGuo); acrolein (AcrdGuo); crotonaldehyde (CrdGuo); and 4-hydroxynonenal
(HNEdGuo) derived 2′-deoxyguanosine adducts. Exposure to TCDD
(100 ng/kg/day) significantly induced 1,N6-εdAdo at 31 and 53 weeks, while no increase of 8-oxo-dGuo
was observed. Significant increases were observed for 8-oxo-dGuo and
1,N6-εdAdo at all time points following
exposure to the tertiary mixture (TEQ 100 ng/kg/day). Exposure to
TCDD for 53 weeks only significantly increased 1,N6-εdAdo, while increases of N2,3-εG and 7-OEG were only found in the highest dose
group (100 ng/kg/day). Exposure to the tertiary mixture for 53 weeks
had no effect on N2,3-εG in any
exposure group (TEQ 0, 22, 46, or 100 ng/kg/day), while significant
increases were observed for 1,N6-εdAdo
(all dose groups), 8-oxo-dGuo (46 and 100 ng/kg/day), and 7-OEG (100
ng/kg/day). While no significant increase was observed at 53 weeks
for 1,N2-εdGuo, M1dGuo,
AcrdGuo, or CrdGuo following exposure to TCDD (100 ng/kg/day), all
of them were significantly induced in animals exposed to the tertiary
mixture (TEQ 100 ng/kg/day). This oxidation DNA product data suggest
that the simple TEF methodology cannot be applied to evaluate the
diverse patterns of toxic effects induced by DLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esra Mutlu
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, RTP , Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | | | - Nigel J Walker
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, RTP , Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | | | - James R Olson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo , Buffalo, New York 14214, United States
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24
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Pecorelli A, Cervellati C, Hayek J, Valacchi G. OxInflammation in Rett syndrome. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 81:246-253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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25
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Biancini GB, Jacques CE, Hammerschmidt T, de Souza HM, Donida B, Deon M, Vairo FP, Lourenço CM, Giugliani R, Vargas CR. Biomolecules damage and redox status abnormalities in Fabry patients before and during enzyme replacement therapy. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 461:41-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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26
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Mutlu E, Gao L, Collins LB, Walker NJ, Hartwell HJ, Olson JR, Sun W, Gold A, Ball LM, Swenberg JA. Polychlorinated Biphenyls Induce Oxidative DNA Adducts in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:1335-1344. [PMID: 27436759 PMCID: PMC5020703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are organic chemicals that were traditionally produced and widely used in industry as mixtures and are presently formed as byproducts of pigment and dye manufacturing. They are known to persist and bioaccumulate in the environment. Some have been shown to induce liver cancer in rodents. Although the mechanism of the toxicity of PCBs is unknown, it has been shown that they increase oxidative stress, including lipid peroxidation. We hypothesized that oxidative stress-induced DNA damage could be a contributor for PCB carcinogenesis and analyzed several DNA adducts in female Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126), 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 153), and a binary mixture (PCB 126 + 153) for 14, 31, and 53 wks. Eight adducts were measured to profile oxidative DNA lesions, including 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG), 1,N(6)-ethenodeoxyadenosine (1,N(6)-εdA), N(2),3-ethenoguanine (N(2),3-εG), 1,N(2)-ethenodeoxyguanosine (1,N(2)-εdG), as well as malondialdehyde (M1dG), acrolein (AcrdG), crotonaldehyde (CrdG), and 4-hydroxynonenal-derived dG adducts (HNEdG) by LC-MS/MS analysis. Statistically significant increases were observed for 8-oxo-dG and 1,N(6)-εdA concentrations in hepatic DNA of female rats exposed to the binary mixture (1000 ng/kg/day + 1000 μg/kg/day) but not in rats exposed to PCB 126 (1000 ng/kg/day) or PCB 153 (1000 μg/kg/day) for 14 and 31 wks. However, exposure to PCB 126 (1000 ng/kg/day) for 53 wks significantly increased 8-oxo-dG, 1,N(6)-εdA, AcrdG, and M1dG. Exposure to PCB 153 (1000 μg/kg/day) for 53 wks increased 8-oxo-dG, and 1,N(6)-εdA. Exposure to the binary mixture for 53 wks increased 8-oxo-dG, 1,N(6)-εdA, AcrdG, 1,N(2)-εdG, and N(2),3-εG significantly above control groups. Increased hepatic oxidative DNA adducts following exposure to PCB 126, PCB 153, or the binary mixture shows that an increase in DNA damage may play an important role in hepatic toxicity and carcinogenesis in female Sprague-Dawley rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Mutlu
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Lina Gao
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Leonard B. Collins
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Nigel J. Walker
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Hadley J. Hartwell
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - James R. Olson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214, United States
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Avram Gold
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Louise M. Ball
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - James A Swenberg
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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27
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Tan SJ, Zhang X, Jin XK, Li WW, Li JY, Wang Q. Fatty acid binding protein FABP3 from Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis participates in antimicrobial responses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 43:264-274. [PMID: 25559445 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are members of the lipid-binding protein superfamily. Aside from the main functions of FABPs in the uptake and transport of fatty acids, they are also critical in innate immunology. In this work, the full-length cDNA for a Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis FABP (Es-FABP3) was cloned with an open reading frame of 402 bp encoding a 133 amino acid polypeptide. Analysis using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) revealed that Es-FABP3 transcripts were widely distributed in gills, muscle, intestine, hepatopancreas, eyestalk, heart, stomach, brain, thoracic ganglia and hemocytes. After challenge with pathogen associated molecular pattern molecules (PAMPs), the relative mRNA expression levels of Es-FABP3 increased in hepatopancreas, gills and hemocytes. Moreover, the mature recombinant Es-FABP3 protein exhibited different binding activities to bacteria and fungus and inhibited the growth of different microbes. These collective results demonstrated the role of Es-FABP3 in the immunoreactions of E. sinensis to PAMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Jian Tan
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Kun Jin
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Wei Li
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Yao Li
- Aquatic Animal Breeding Center of Shanghai University Knowledge Service Platform, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qun Wang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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28
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Monien BH, Schumacher F, Herrmann K, Glatt H, Turesky RJ, Chesné C. Simultaneous detection of multiple DNA adducts in human lung samples by isotope-dilution UPLC-MS/MS. Anal Chem 2014; 87:641-8. [PMID: 25423194 PMCID: PMC4287830 DOI: 10.1021/ac503803m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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Recent studies have demonstrated
that various DNA adducts can be
detected in human tissues and fluids using liquid chromatography connected
to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). However, the utility of a
single DNA adduct as a biomarker in risk assessment is debatable because
humans are exposed to many genotoxicants. We established a method
to measure DNA adducts derived from 16 ubiquitous genotoxicants and
developed an analytical technique for their simultaneous quantification
by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-MS/MS. Methods for
the enrichment of the analytes from DNA hydrolysates and chromatographic
separation preceding mass spectrometric analysis were optimized, and
the resultant technique was used for the simultaneous analysis of
the 16 DNA adducts in human lung biopsy specimens. Eleven adducts
(formed by benzo[a]pyrene, 1-methylpyrene, 4-aminobiphenyl,
2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine,
1-methoxy-3-indolylmethylglucosinolate, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and
malondialdehyde) were not detected in any tissue sample (limits of
detection: 0.02–7.1 adducts/108 nucleosides). 3,N4-etheno-2′-deoxycytidine and 1,N6-etheno-2′-deoxyadenosine, formed from
2,3-epoxyaldehydes of endogenous lipid peroxidation products, were
present in all subjects (16.9–115.3 and 27.2–179/108 nucleosides, respectively). The same was true for N2-(trans-methylisoeugenol-3′-yl)-2′-deoxyguanosine,
the major adduct of methyleugenol (1.7–23.7/108 nucleosides).
A minor adduct of methyleugenol and two adducts of furfuryl alcohol
were detected in several pulmonary specimens. Taken together, we developed
a targeted approach for the simultaneous mass spectrometric analyses
of 16 DNA adducts, which can be easily extended by adducts formed
from other mutagens. The method allowed one to detect adducts of furfuryl
alcohol and methyleugenol in samples of human lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard H Monien
- Research Group Genotoxic Food Contaminants, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) , 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
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29
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Liu J, Chan W. Quantification of Thiazolidine-4-carboxylic Acid in Toxicant-Exposed Cells by Isotope-Dilution Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Reveals an Intrinsic Antagonistic Response to Oxidative Stress-Induced Toxicity. Chem Res Toxicol 2014; 28:394-400. [DOI: 10.1021/tx500342w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- Environmental Science Programs and ‡Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wan Chan
- Environmental Science Programs and ‡Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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30
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Meira LB, Calvo JA, Shah D, Klapacz J, Moroski-Erkul CA, Bronson RT, Samson LD. Repair of endogenous DNA base lesions modulate lifespan in mice. DNA Repair (Amst) 2014; 21:78-86. [PMID: 24994062 PMCID: PMC4125484 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The accumulation of DNA damage is thought to contribute to the physiological decay associated with the aging process. Here, we report the results of a large-scale study examining longevity in various mouse models defective in the repair of DNA alkylation damage, or defective in the DNA damage response. We find that the repair of spontaneous DNA damage by alkyladenine DNA glycosylase (Aag/Mpg)-initiated base excision repair and O(6)-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (Mgmt)-mediated direct reversal contributes to maximum life span in the laboratory mouse. We also uncovered important genetic interactions between Aag, which excises a wide variety of damaged DNA bases, and the DNA damage sensor and signaling protein, Atm. We show that Atm plays a role in mediating survival in the face of both spontaneous and induced DNA damage, and that Aag deficiency not only promotes overall survival, but also alters the tumor spectrum in Atm(-/-) mice. Further, the reversal of spontaneous alkylation damage by Mgmt interacts with the DNA mismatch repair pathway to modulate survival and tumor spectrum. Since these aging studies were performed without treatment with DNA damaging agents, our results indicate that the DNA damage that is generated endogenously accumulates with age, and that DNA alkylation repair proteins play a role in influencing longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisiane B Meira
- Biological Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Jennifer A Calvo
- Biological Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Dharini Shah
- Biological Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Joanna Klapacz
- Biological Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Catherine A Moroski-Erkul
- Biological Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Roderick T Bronson
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Rodent Histopathology Core, Harvard Medical School, 126 Goldenson Building, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Leona D Samson
- Biological Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Biology Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Rodent Histopathology Core, Harvard Medical School, 126 Goldenson Building, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
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31
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Alseth I, Dalhus B, Bjørås M. Inosine in DNA and RNA. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2014; 26:116-23. [PMID: 25173738 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Deamination of the nucleobases in DNA and RNA is a result of spontaneous hydrolysis, endogenous or environmental factors as well as deaminase enzymes. Adenosine is deaminated to inosine which is miscoding and preferentially base pairs with cytosine. In the case of DNA, this is a premutagenic event that is counteracted by DNA repair enzymes specifically engaged in recognition and removal of inosine. However, in RNA, inosine is an essential modification introduced by specialized enzymes in a highly regulated manner to generate transcriptome diversity. Defect editing is seen in various human disease including cancer, viral infections and neurological and psychiatric disorders. Enzymes catalyzing the deaminase reaction are well characterized and recently an unexpected function of Endonuclease V in RNA processing was revealed. Whereas bacterial Endonuclease V enzymes are classified as DNA repair enzymes, it appears that the mammalian enzymes are involved in processing of inosine in RNA. This yields an interesting yet unexplored, link between DNA and RNA processing. Further work is needed to gain understanding of the impact of inosine in DNA and RNA under normal physiology and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrun Alseth
- Department of Microbiology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Dalhus
- Department of Microbiology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Magnar Bjørås
- Department of Microbiology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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32
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Lei Y, Wang K, Deng L, Chen Y, Nice EC, Huang C. Redox Regulation of Inflammation: Old Elements, a New Story. Med Res Rev 2014; 35:306-40. [PMID: 25171147 DOI: 10.1002/med.21330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 P.R. China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 P.R. China
| | - Kui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 P.R. China
| | - Longfei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 P.R. China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Monash University; Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 P.R. China
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Gavina JMA, Yao C, Feng YL. Recent developments in DNA adduct analysis by mass spectrometry: a tool for exposure biomonitoring and identification of hazard for environmental pollutants. Talanta 2014; 130:475-94. [PMID: 25159438 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
DNA adducts represent an important category of biomarkers for detection and exposure surveillance of potential carcinogenic and genotoxic chemicals in the environment. Sensitive and specific analytical methods are required to detect and differentiate low levels of adducts from native DNA from in vivo exposure. In addition to biomonitoring of environmental pollutants, analytical methods have been developed for structural identification of adducts which provides fundamental information for determining the toxic pathway of hazardous chemicals. In order to achieve the required sensitivity, mass spectrometry has been increasingly utilized to quantify adducts at low levels as well as to obtain structural information. Furthermore, separation techniques such as chromatography and capillary electrophoresis can be coupled to mass spectrometry to increase the selectivity. This review will provide an overview of advances in detection of adducted and modified DNA by mass spectrometry with a focus on the analysis of nucleosides since 2007. Instrument advances, sample and instrument considerations, and recent applications will be summarized in the context of hazard assessment. Finally, advances in biomonitoring applying mass spectrometry will be highlighted. Most importantly, the usefulness of DNA adducts measurement and detection will be comprehensively discussed as a tool for assessment of in vitro and in vivo exposure to environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennilee M A Gavina
- Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 50 Columbine Driveway, AL: 0800C, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Chunhe Yao
- Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 50 Columbine Driveway, AL: 0800C, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Yong-Lai Feng
- Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 50 Columbine Driveway, AL: 0800C, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9.
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Chen X, Fleming AM, Muller JG, Burrows CJ. Endonuclease and Exonuclease Activities on Oligodeoxynucleotides Containing Spiroiminodihydantoin Depend on the Sequence Context and the Lesion Stereochemistry. NEW J CHEM 2013; 37:3440-3449. [PMID: 24563606 PMCID: PMC3929292 DOI: 10.1039/c3nj00418j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (dOG), a well-studied oxidation product of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG), is prone to facile further oxidation forming spiroiminodihydantoin 2'-deoxyribonucleoside (dSp) in the nucleotide pool and in single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs). Many methods for quantification of damaged lesions in the genome rely on digestion of DNA with exonucleases or endonucleases and dephosphorylation followed by LC-MS analysis of the resulting nucleosides. In this study, enzymatic hydrolysis of dSp-containing ODNs was investigated with snake venom phosphodiesterase (SVPD), spleen phosphodiesterase (SPD) and nuclease P1. SVPD led to formation of a dinucleotide, 5'-d(Np[Sp])-3' (N = any nucleotide) that included the undamaged nucleotide on the 5' side of dSp as the final product. This dinucleotide was a substrate for both SPD and nuclease P1. A kinetic study of the activity of SPD and nuclease P1 showed a sequence dependence on the nucleotide 5' to the lesion with rates in the order dG>dA>dT>dC. In addition, the two diastereomers of dSp underwent digestion at significantly different rates with dSp1>dSp2; nuclease P1 hydrolyzed the 5'-d(Np[Sp1])-3' dinucleotide two- to six-fold faster than the corresponding 5'-d(Np[Sp2])-3', while for SPD the difference was two-fold. These rates are chemically reasoned based on dSp diastereomer differences in the syn vs. anti glycosidic bond orientation. A method for the complete digestion of dSp-containing ODNs is also outlined based on treatment with nuclease P1 and SVPD. These findings have significant impact on the development of methods to detect dSp levels in cellular DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, U.S.A
| | - Aaron M. Fleming
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, U.S.A
| | - James G. Muller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, U.S.A
| | - Cynthia J. Burrows
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, U.S.A
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Mangerich A, Dedon PC, Fox JG, Tannenbaum SR, Wogan GN. Chemistry meets biology in colitis-associated carcinogenesis. Free Radic Res 2013; 47:958-86. [PMID: 23926919 PMCID: PMC4316682 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.832239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The intestine comprises an exceptional venue for a dynamic and complex interplay of numerous chemical and biological processes. Here, multiple chemical and biological systems, including the intestinal tissue itself, its associated immune system, the gut microbiota, xenobiotics, and metabolites meet and interact to form a sophisticated and tightly regulated state of tissue homoeostasis. Disturbance of this homeostasis can cause inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-a chronic disease of multifactorial etiology that is strongly associated with increased risk for cancer development. This review addresses recent developments in research into chemical and biological mechanisms underlying the etiology of inflammation-induced colon cancer. Beginning with a general overview of reactive chemical species generated during colonic inflammation, the mechanistic interplay between chemical and biological mediators of inflammation, the role of genetic toxicology, and microbial pathogenesis in disease development are discussed. When possible, we systematically compare evidence from studies utilizing human IBD patients with experimental investigations in mice. The comparison reveals that many strong pathological and mechanistic correlates exist between mouse models of colitis-associated cancer, and the clinically relevant situation in humans. We also summarize several emerging issues in the field, such as the carcinogenic potential of novel inflammation-related DNA adducts and genotoxic microbial factors, the systemic dimension of inflammation-induced genotoxicity, and the complex role of genome maintenance mechanisms during these processes. Taken together, current evidence points to the induction of genetic and epigenetic alterations by chemical and biological inflammatory stimuli ultimately leading to cancer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswin Mangerich
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Biology, Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Peter C. Dedon
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Center for Environmental Health Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - James G. Fox
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Center for Environmental Health Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Steven R. Tannenbaum
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Center for Environmental Health Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Gerald N. Wogan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Center for Environmental Health Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
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Ye Y, Liu H, Horvatovich P, Chan W. Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric analysis of 2-alkylcyclobutanones in irradiated chicken by precolumn derivatization with hydroxylamine. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:5758-5763. [PMID: 23713764 DOI: 10.1021/jf401446n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Food irradiation is a common preservation method that is used in many countries. The ability to identify irradiated food is important for assuring compliance with regulatory policies, such as food labeling requirements, and for informed consumer choice. There is thus a significant demand for analytical methods of high sensitivity and selectivity to identify irradiated food, especially for foods subjected to low-dose irradiation and for processed or composite foods that contain small quantities of irradiated ingredients. 2-Alkylcyclobutanones (2-ACBs) are uniquely formed during food irradiation and have been adopted by the European Committee for Standardization as signature biomarkers for the identification of irradiated foods. We now report the development of a novel assay for quantification of 2-ACBs in γ-irradiated food by liquid extraction of fat content followed by precolumn derivatization and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) detection. Precolumn derivatization with hydroxylamine introduced a polar functional group into the otherwise nonpolar 2-ACBs, which greatly enhanced ESI-MS response. The method was validated for extraction efficiency, precision, accuracy, and detection limit. In comparison with the current GC-MS based European official method (EN1785:2003) for 2-ACBs determination, our new LC-MS/MS method offers a more efficient sample processing protocol with reduced solvent consumption. More importantly, the combination of chemical derivatization and LC-MS/MS detection significantly enhanced the analytical sensitivity of the method, which allows confident identification of food irradiated with as little as 10 Gy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of 2-ACB determination by LC-MS/MS and the first analytical method allowing confident identification of irradiated food at dosage of down to 10 Gy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuran Ye
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
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No JH, Moon JM, Kim K, Kim YB. Prognostic significance of serum soluble CD163 level in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2013; 75:263-7. [PMID: 23595052 DOI: 10.1159/000349892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of serum sCD163 in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. METHODS Preoperative serum samples from 55 patients with epithelial ovarian cancers were analyzed for sCD163 using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Median serum sCD163 levels were higher in patients with a high-grade tumor. High serum sCD163 levels (3.43 mg/l) were associated with poor prognostic factors such as advanced stage (p = 0.024) and positive peritoneal cytology (p = 0.015). Univariate survival analysis showed that elevated sCD163 levels were associated with short DFS (8.0 vs. 32.4 months, p = 0.04) and OS (19.7 vs. 40.0 months, p = 0.027). Multivariate survival analysis revealed that high serum sCD163 levels were negatively associated with DFS (HR 3.1, 95% CI 1.2-8.1, p = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that elevated serum sCD163 levels were associated with poor prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. IMPACT The prognostic significance of serum sCD163 in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hong No
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Tretyakova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
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Prestwich EG, Mangerich A, Pang B, McFaline JL, Lonkar P, Sullivan MR, Trudel LJ, Taghizedeh K, Dedon PC. Increased levels of inosine in a mouse model of inflammation. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:538-46. [PMID: 23506120 DOI: 10.1021/tx300473n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
One possible mechanism linking inflammation with cancer involves the generation of reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and halogen species by activated macrophages and neutrophils infiltrating sites of infection or tissue damage, with these chemical mediators causing damage that ultimately leads to cell death and mutation. To determine the most biologically deleterious chemistries of inflammation, we previously assessed products across the spectrum of DNA damage arising in inflamed tissues in the SJL mouse model nitric oxide overproduction ( Pang et al. ( 2007 ) Carcinogenesis 28 , 1807 - 1813 ). Among the anticipated DNA damage chemistries, we observed significant changes only in lipid peroxidation-derived etheno adducts. We have now developed an isotope-dilution, liquid chromatography-coupled, tandem quadrupole mass spectrometric method to quantify representative species across the spectrum of RNA damage products predicted to arise at sites of inflammation, including nucleobase deamination (xanthosine and inosine), oxidation (8-oxoguanosine), and alkylation (1,N(6)-ethenoadenosine). Application of the method to the liver, spleen, and kidney from the SJL mouse model revealed generally higher levels of oxidative background RNA damage than was observed in DNA in control mice. However, compared to control mice, RcsX treatment to induce nitric oxide overproduction resulted in significant increases only in inosine and only in the spleen. Further, the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-methylarginine, did not significantly affect the levels of inosine in control and RcsX-treated mice. The differences between DNA and RNA damage in the same animal model of inflammation point to possible influences from DNA repair, RcsX-induced alterations in adenosine deaminase activity, and differential accessibility of DNA and RNA to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as determinants of nucleic acid damage during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin G Prestwich
- Department of Biological Engineering and ‡Center for Environmental Health Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02193, United States
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Li J, Leung EMK, Choi MMF, Chan W. Combination of pentafluorophenylhydrazine derivatization and isotope dilution LC-MS/MS techniques for the quantification of apurinic/apyrimidinic sites in cellular DNA. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:4059-66. [PMID: 23423125 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-6823-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites are common DNA lesions arising from spontaneous hydrolysis of the N-glycosidic bond and base-excision repair mechanisms of the modified bases. Due to the strong association of AP site formation with physically/chemically induced DNA damage, quantifying AP sites provides important information for risk assessment of exposure to genotoxins and oxidative stress. However, rigorous quantification of AP sites in DNA has been hampered by technical problems relating to the sensitivity and selectivity of existing analytical methods. We have developed a new isotope dilution liquid chromatography-coupled tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the rigorous quantification of AP sites in genomic DNA. The method entails enzymatic digestion of AP site-containing DNA by endo- and exonucleases, derivatization with pentafluorophenylhydrazine (PFPH), addition of an isotopically labeled PFPH derivative as internal standard, and quantification by LC-MS/MS. The combination of PFPH derivatization with LC-MS/MS analysis on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer allows for sensitive and selective quantification of AP sites in DNA at a detection limit of 6.5 fmol, corresponding to 4 AP sites/10(9) nt in 5 μg of DNA, which is at least ten times more sensitive than existing analytical methods. The protocol was validated by AP site-containing oligonucleotides and applied in quantifying methyl methanesulfonate-induced formation of AP sites in cellular DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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Achyut BR, Bader DA, Robles AI, Wangsa D, Harris CC, Ried T, Yang L. Inflammation-mediated genetic and epigenetic alterations drive cancer development in the neighboring epithelium upon stromal abrogation of TGF-β signaling. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003251. [PMID: 23408900 PMCID: PMC3567148 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletion of tumor suppressor genes in stromal fibroblasts induces epithelial cancer development, suggesting an important role of stroma in epithelial homoeostasis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Here we report that deletion of the gene encoding TGFβ receptor 2 (Tgfbr2) in the stromal fibroblasts (Tgfbr2fspKO) induces inflammation and significant DNA damage in the neighboring epithelia of the forestomach. This results in loss or down-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p15, p16, and p21, which contribute to the development of invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Anti-inflammation treatment restored p21 expression, delayed tumorigenesis, and increased survival of Tgfbr2fspKO mice. Our data demonstrate for the first time that inflammation is a critical player in the epigenetic silencing of p21 in tumor progression. Examination of human esophageal SCC showed a down-regulation of TGFβ receptor 2 (TβRII) in the stromal fibroblasts, as well as increased inflammation, DNA damage, and loss or decreased p15/p16 expression. Our study suggests anti-inflammation may be a new therapeutic option in treating human SCCs with down-regulation of TβRII in the stroma. Cancer is no longer regarded as a problem of solely cancer cells. The development and metastasis of cancers clearly involves many aspects of the host. We sought to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying epithelial cancer development due to alterations in stromal cells. Using an animal model in which TGF-β signaling is deleted in stromal fibroblasts, we found that inflammation and DNA damage are induced in the epithelial compartment and are responsible for the loss of cell cycle–dependent kinase inhibitors, leading to the compromise of epithelial cell cycle control. These results are important in understanding the stromal-tumor cross talk which has been an important focus in cancer biology in recent years. Our findings suggest that careful examination of the stromal compartment is important and that anti-inflammation therapy may be a new chemoprevention option for epithelial cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. R. Achyut
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David A. Bader
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ana I. Robles
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Darawalee Wangsa
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Curtis C. Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thomas Ried
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Li Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Patil A, Dyavaiah M, Joseph F, Rooney JP, Chan CTY, Dedon PC, Begley TJ. Increased tRNA modification and gene-specific codon usage regulate cell cycle progression during the DNA damage response. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:3656-65. [PMID: 22935709 DOI: 10.4161/cc.21919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
S-phase and DNA damage promote increased ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) activity. Translation of RNR1 has been linked to the wobble uridine modifying enzyme tRNA methyltransferase 9 (Trm9). We predicted that changes in tRNA modification would translationally regulate RNR1 after DNA damage to promote cell cycle progression. In support, we demonstrate that the Trm9-dependent tRNA modification 5-methoxycarbonylmethyluridine (mcm(5)U) is increased in hydroxyurea (HU)-induced S-phase cells, relative to G(1) and G(2), and that mcm(5)U is one of 16 tRNA modifications whose levels oscillate during the cell cycle. Codon-reporter data matches the mcm(5)U increase to Trm9 and the efficient translation of AGA codons and RNR1. Further, we show that in trm9Δ cells reduced Rnr1 protein levels cause delayed transition into S-phase after damage. Codon re-engineering of RNR1 increased the number of trm9Δ cells that have transitioned into S-phase 1 h after DNA damage and that have increased Rnr1 protein levels, similar to that of wild-type cells expressing native RNR1. Our data supports a model in which codon usage and tRNA modification are regulatory components of the DNA damage response, with both playing vital roles in cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Patil
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
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Tretyakova N, Goggin M, Sangaraju D, Janis G. Quantitation of DNA adducts by stable isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Chem Res Toxicol 2012; 25:2007-35. [PMID: 22827593 DOI: 10.1021/tx3002548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to endogenous and exogenous chemicals can lead to the formation of structurally modified DNA bases (DNA adducts). If not repaired, these nucleobase lesions can cause polymerase errors during DNA replication, leading to heritable mutations and potentially contributing to the development of cancer. Because of their critical role in cancer initiation, DNA adducts represent mechanism-based biomarkers of carcinogen exposure, and their quantitation is particularly useful for cancer risk assessment. DNA adducts are also valuable in mechanistic studies linking tumorigenic effects of environmental and industrial carcinogens to specific electrophilic species generated from their metabolism. While multiple experimental methodologies have been developed for DNA adduct analysis in biological samples, including immunoassay, HPLC, and ³²P-postlabeling, isotope dilution high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) generally has superior selectivity, sensitivity, accuracy, and reproducibility. As typical DNA adduct concentrations in biological samples are between 0.01-10 adducts per 10⁸ normal nucleotides, ultrasensitive HPLC-ESI-MS/MS methodologies are required for their analysis. Recent developments in analytical separations and biological mass spectrometry, especially nanoflow HPLC, nanospray ionization MS, chip-MS, and high resolution MS, have pushed the limits of analytical HPLC-ESI-MS/MS methodologies for DNA adducts, allowing researchers to accurately measure their concentrations in biological samples from patients treated with DNA alkylating drugs and in populations exposed to carcinogens from urban air, drinking water, cooked food, alcohol, and cigarette smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Tretyakova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
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Tanaka M, Jaruga P, Küpfer PA, Leumann CJ, Dizdaroglu M, Sonntag WE, Chock PB. RNA oxidation catalyzed by cytochrome c leads to its depurination and cross-linking, which may facilitate cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:854-62. [PMID: 22683603 PMCID: PMC4319184 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that RNA oxidation is correlated with a number of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, and RNA oxidation has also been shown to induce dysfunction in protein synthesis. Here we study in vitro RNA oxidation catalyzed by cytochrome c (cyt c)/H(2)O(2) or by the Fe(II)/ascorbate/H(2)O(2) system. Our results reveal that the products of RNA oxidation vary with the oxidant used. Guanosine residues are preferentially oxidized by cyt c/H(2)O(2) relative to the Fe(II)/ascorbate/H(2)O(2) system. GC/MS and LC/MS analyses demonstrated that the guanine base was not only oxidized but also depurinated to form an abasic sugar moiety. Results from gel electrophoresis and HPLC analyses show that RNA formed a cross-linked complex with cyt c in an H(2)O(2) concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, when cyt c was associated with liposomes composed of cardiolipin/phosphatidylcholine, and incubated with RNA and H(2)O(2), it was found cross-linked with the oxidized RNA and dissociated from the liposome. Results of the quantitative analysis indicate that the release of the cyt c from the liposome is facilitated by the formation of an RNA-cyt c cross-linked complex. Thus, RNA oxidation may facilitate the release of cyt c from the mitochondrial membrane to induce apoptosis in response to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikiei Tanaka
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Corresponding author. Fax: +1 301 295 3566. (M. Tanaka)
| | - Pawel Jaruga
- Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Pascal A. Küpfer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian J. Leumann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Miral Dizdaroglu
- Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - William E. Sonntag
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - P. Boon Chock
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Corresponding author. Fax: +1 301 451 5459. (P. Boon Chock)
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Olipitz W, Wiktor-Brown D, Shuga J, Pang B, McFaline J, Lonkar P, Thomas A, Mutamba JT, Greenberger JS, Samson LD, Dedon PC, Yanch JC, Engelward BP. Integrated molecular analysis indicates undetectable change in DNA damage in mice after continuous irradiation at ~ 400-fold natural background radiation. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2012; 120:1130-6. [PMID: 22538203 PMCID: PMC3440074 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1104294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the event of a nuclear accident, people are exposed to elevated levels of continuous low dose-rate radiation. Nevertheless, most of the literature describes the biological effects of acute radiation. OBJECTIVES DNA damage and mutations are well established for their carcinogenic effects. We assessed several key markers of DNA damage and DNA damage responses in mice exposed to low dose-rate radiation to reveal potential genotoxic effects associated with low dose-rate radiation. METHODS We studied low dose-rate radiation using a variable low dose-rate irradiator consisting of flood phantoms filled with 125Iodine-containing buffer. Mice were exposed to 0.0002 cGy/min (~ 400-fold background radiation) continuously over 5 weeks. We assessed base lesions, micronuclei, homologous recombination (HR; using fluorescent yellow direct repeat mice), and transcript levels for several radiation-sensitive genes. RESULTS We did not observe any changes in the levels of the DNA nucleobase damage products hypoxanthine, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine, 1,N6-ethenoadenine, or 3,N4-ethenocytosine above background levels under low dose-rate conditions. The micronucleus assay revealed no evidence that low dose-rate radiation induced DNA fragmentation, and there was no evidence of double strand break-induced HR. Furthermore, low dose-rate radiation did not induce Cdkn1a, Gadd45a, Mdm2, Atm, or Dbd2. Importantly, the same total dose, when delivered acutely, induced micronuclei and transcriptional responses. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate in an in vivo animal model that lowering the dose-rate suppresses the potentially deleterious impact of radiation and calls attention to the need for a deeper understanding of the biological impact of low dose-rate radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Olipitz
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Marnett LJ. Inflammation and cancer: chemical approaches to mechanisms, imaging, and treatment. J Org Chem 2012; 77:5224-38. [PMID: 22515568 PMCID: PMC3375764 DOI: 10.1021/jo300214d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory response represents a first line of defense against invading pathogens and is important to human health. Chronic inflammation contributes to the etiology of multiple diseases, especially those associated with aging, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. The chemistry of the inflammatory response is complex and involves the generation of highly reactive oxidants and electrophiles designed to kill the pathogen as well as the release of small molecule and protein mediators of intercellular signaling, chemotaxis, vasoconstriction, and wound-healing. Oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids--either nonenzymatic or enzymatic--contributes to the inflammatory response and associated cellular pathologies. The current perspective summarizes our research on unsaturated fatty acid oxidation in the context of inflammation and cancer. In addition to understanding the consequences of DNA and protein modification by lipid electrophiles, our research has focused on the development of molecularly targeted agents to image and treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence J Marnett
- A.B. Hancock Jr. Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146, USA.
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Calvo JA, Meira LB, Lee CYI, Moroski-Erkul CA, Abolhassani N, Taghizadeh K, Eichinger LW, Muthupalani S, Nordstrand LM, Klungland A, Samson LD. DNA repair is indispensable for survival after acute inflammation. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:2680-9. [PMID: 22684101 DOI: 10.1172/jci63338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 15% of cancer deaths worldwide are associated with underlying infections or inflammatory conditions, therefore understanding how inflammation contributes to cancer etiology is important for both cancer prevention and treatment. Inflamed tissues are known to harbor elevated etheno-base (ε-base) DNA lesions induced by the lipid peroxidation that is stimulated by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) released from activated neutrophils and macrophages. Inflammation contributes to carcinogenesis in part via RONS-induced cytotoxic and mutagenic DNA lesions, including ε-base lesions. The mouse alkyl adenine DNA glycosylase (AAG, also known as MPG) recognizes such base lesions, thus protecting against inflammation-associated colon cancer. Two other DNA repair enzymes are known to repair ε-base lesions, namely ALKBH2 and ALKBH3; thus, we sought to determine whether these DNA dioxygenase enzymes could protect against chronic inflammation-mediated colon carcinogenesis. Using established chemically induced colitis and colon cancer models in mice, we show here that ALKBH2 and ALKBH3 provide cancer protection similar to that of the DNA glycosylase AAG. Moreover, Alkbh2 and Alkbh3 each display apparent epistasis with Aag. Surprisingly, deficiency in all 3 DNA repair enzymes confers a massively synergistic phenotype, such that animals lacking all 3 DNA repair enzymes cannot survive even a single bout of chemically induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Calvo
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Infection-induced colitis in mice causes dynamic and tissue-specific changes in stress response and DNA damage leading to colon cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:E1820-9. [PMID: 22689960 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1207829109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter hepaticus-infected Rag2(-/-) mice emulate many aspects of human inflammatory bowel disease, including the development of colitis and colon cancer. To elucidate mechanisms of inflammation-induced carcinogenesis, we undertook a comprehensive analysis of histopathology, molecular damage, and gene expression changes during disease progression in these mice. Infected mice developed severe colitis and hepatitis by 10 wk post-infection, progressing into colon carcinoma by 20 wk post-infection, with pronounced pathology in the cecum and proximal colon marked by infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages. Transcriptional profiling revealed decreased expression of DNA repair and oxidative stress response genes in colon, but not in liver. Mass spectrometric analysis revealed higher levels of DNA and RNA damage products in liver compared to colon and infection-induced increases in 5-chlorocytosine in DNA and RNA and hypoxanthine in DNA. Paradoxically, infection was associated with decreased levels of DNA etheno adducts. Levels of nucleic acid damage from the same chemical class were strongly correlated in both liver and colon. The results support a model of inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis involving infiltration of phagocytes and generation of reactive species that cause local molecular damage leading to cell dysfunction, mutation, and cell death. There are strong correlations among histopathology, phagocyte infiltration, and damage chemistry that suggest a major role for neutrophils in inflammation-associated cancer progression. Further, paradoxical changes in nucleic acid damage were observed in tissue- and chemistry-specific patterns. The results also reveal features of cell stress response that point to microbial pathophysiology and mechanisms of cell senescence as important mechanistic links to cancer.
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Wang P, Fisher D, Rao A, Giese RW. Nontargeted nucleotide analysis based on benzoylhistamine labeling-MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS: discovery of putative 6-oxo-thymine in DNA. Anal Chem 2012; 84:3811-9. [PMID: 22409256 PMCID: PMC3341171 DOI: 10.1021/ac300532z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A method for nontargeted analysis of modified nucleotides in DNA (and RNA) is reported based on labeling with benzoylhistamine (BH) followed by MALDI-MS. The method provides deoxynucleotide-specific detection, accurate measurement of molecular ions, high sensitivity, semiquantitation, and, to the extent studied to date, normalization of response within a factor of <3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poguang Wang
- Pharmaceutical Science and Barnett Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - David Fisher
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114
| | - Anjana Rao
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92307
| | - Roger W. Giese
- Pharmaceutical Science and Barnett Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115
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Winczura A, Zdżalik D, Tudek B. Damage of DNA and proteins by major lipid peroxidation products in genome stability. Free Radic Res 2012; 46:442-59. [PMID: 22257221 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2012.658516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation (LPO) accompanying infections and chronic inflammation may induce several human cancers. LPO products are characterized by carbohydrate chains of different length, reactive aldehyde groups and double bonds, which make these molecules reactive to nucleic acids, proteins and cellular thiols. LPO-derived adducts to DNA bases form etheno-type and propano-type exocyclic rings, which have profound mutagenic potential, and are elevated in several cancer-prone diseases. Adducts of long chain LPO products to DNA bases inhibit transcription. Elimination from DNA of LPO-induced lesions is executed by several repair systems: base excision repair (BER), direct reversal by AlkB family proteins, nucleotide excision repair (NER) and recombination. Modifications of proteins with LPO products may regulate cellular processes like apoptosis, cell signalling and senescence. This review summarizes consequences of LPO products' presence in cell, particularly 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, in terms of genomic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Winczura
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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