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Fu Z, Batta I, Wu L, Abrol A, Agcaoglu O, Salman MS, Du Y, Iraji A, Shultz S, Sui J, Calhoun VD. Searching Reproducible Brain Features using NeuroMark: Templates for Different Age Populations and Imaging Modalities. Neuroimage 2024; 292:120617. [PMID: 38636639 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
A primary challenge to the data-driven analysis is the balance between poor generalizability of population-based research and characterizing more subject-, study- and population-specific variability. We previously introduced a fully automated spatially constrained independent component analysis (ICA) framework called NeuroMark and its functional MRI (fMRI) template. NeuroMark has been successfully applied in numerous studies, identifying brain markers reproducible across datasets and disorders. The first NeuroMark template was constructed based on young adult cohorts. We recently expanded on this initiative by creating a standardized normative multi-spatial-scale functional template using over 100,000 subjects, aiming to improve generalizability and comparability across studies involving diverse cohorts. While a unified template across the lifespan is desirable, a comprehensive investigation of the similarities and differences between components from different age populations might help systematically transform our understanding of the human brain by revealing the most well-replicated and variable network features throughout the lifespan. In this work, we introduced two significant expansions of NeuroMark templates first by generating replicable fMRI templates for infants, adolescents, and aging cohorts, and second by incorporating structural MRI (sMRI) and diffusion MRI (dMRI) modalities. Specifically, we built spatiotemporal fMRI templates based on 6,000 resting-state scans from four datasets. This is the first attempt to create robust ICA templates covering dynamic brain development across the lifespan. For the sMRI and dMRI data, we used two large publicly available datasets including more than 30,000 scans to build reliable templates. We employed a spatial similarity analysis to identify replicable templates and investigate the degree to which unique and similar patterns are reflective in different age populations. Our results suggest remarkably high similarity of the resulting adapted components, even across extreme age differences. With the new templates, the NeuroMark framework allows us to perform age-specific adaptations and to capture features adaptable to each modality, therefore facilitating biomarker identification across brain disorders. In sum, the present work demonstrates the generalizability of NeuroMark templates and suggests the potential of new templates to boost accuracy in mental health research and advance our understanding of lifespan and cross-modal alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zening Fu
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States.
| | - Ishaan Batta
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Lei Wu
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Anees Abrol
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Oktay Agcaoglu
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Mustafa S Salman
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Yuhui Du
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Armin Iraji
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Sarah Shultz
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Jing Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
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Khalilullah KMI, Agcaoglu O, Sui J, Duda M, Adali T, Calhoun VD. Parallel Multilink Group Joint ICA: Fusion of 3D Structural and 4D Functional Data Across Multiple Resting fMRI Networks. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.21.586091. [PMID: 38585901 PMCID: PMC10996497 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.21.586091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Multimodal neuroimaging research plays a pivotal role in understanding the complexities of the human brain and its disorders. Independent component analysis (ICA) has emerged as a widely used and powerful tool for disentangling mixed independent sources, particularly in the analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. This paper extends the use of ICA as a unifying framework for multimodal fusion, introducing a novel approach termed parallel multilink group joint ICA (pmg-jICA). The method allows for the fusion of gray matter maps from structural MRI (sMRI) data to multiple fMRI intrinsic networks, addressing the limitations of previous models. The effectiveness of pmg-jICA is demonstrated through its application to an Alzheimer's dataset, yielding linked structure-function outputs for 53 brain networks. Our approach leverages the complementary information from various imaging modalities, providing a unique perspective on brain alterations in Alzheimer's disease. The pmg-jICA identifies several components with significant differences between HC and AD groups including thalamus, caudate, putamen with in the subcortical (SC) domain, insula, parahippocampal gyrus within the cognitive control (CC) domain, and the lingual gyrus within the visual (VS) domain, providing localized insights into the links between AD and specific brain regions. In addition, because we link across multiple brain networks, we can also compute functional network connectivity (FNC) from spatial maps and subject loadings, providing a detailed exploration of the relationships between different brain regions and allowing us to visualize spatial patterns and loading parameters in sMRI along with intrinsic networks and FNC from the fMRI data. In essence, developed approach combines concepts from joint ICA and group ICA to provide a rich set of output characterizing data-driven links between covarying gray matter networks, and a (potentially large number of) resting fMRI networks allowing further study in the context of structure/function links. We demonstrate the utility of the approach by highlighting key structure/function disruptions in Alzheimer's individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Ibrahim Khalilullah
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Oktay Agcaoglu
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jing Sui
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Marlena Duda
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tülay Adali
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Pedersen R, Johansson J, Nordin K, Rieckmann A, Wåhlin A, Nyberg L, Bäckman L, Salami A. Dopamine D1-Receptor Organization Contributes to Functional Brain Architecture. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0621232024. [PMID: 38302439 PMCID: PMC10941071 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0621-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent work has recognized a gradient-like organization in cortical function, spanning from primary sensory to transmodal cortices. It has been suggested that this axis is aligned with regional differences in neurotransmitter expression. Given the abundance of dopamine D1-receptors (D1DR), and its importance for modulation and neural gain, we tested the hypothesis that D1DR organization is aligned with functional architecture, and that inter-regional relationships in D1DR co-expression modulate functional cross talk. Using the world's largest dopamine D1DR-PET and MRI database (N = 180%, 50% female), we demonstrate that D1DR organization follows a unimodal-transmodal hierarchy, expressing a high spatial correspondence to the principal gradient of functional connectivity. We also demonstrate that individual differences in D1DR density between unimodal and transmodal regions are associated with functional differentiation of the apices in the cortical hierarchy. Finally, we show that spatial co-expression of D1DR primarily modulates couplings within, but not between, functional networks. Together, our results show that D1DR co-expression provides a biomolecular layer to the functional organization of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Pedersen
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
| | - Jarkko Johansson
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
| | - Kristin Nordin
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Stockholm S-17165, Sweden
| | - Anna Rieckmann
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sozialrecht und Sozialpolitik, Munich 80799, Germany
| | - Anders Wåhlin
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
| | - Lars Bäckman
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Stockholm S-17165, Sweden
| | - Alireza Salami
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå S-90197, Sweden
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Stockholm S-17165, Sweden
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Saha DK, Bohsali A, Saha R, Hajjar I, Calhoun VD. Neuromark PET: A multivariate method for Estimating and comparing whole brain functional networks and connectomes from fMRI and PET data. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.10.575131. [PMID: 38260682 PMCID: PMC10802620 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.10.575131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are both widely used neuroimaging techniques to study brain function. Although whole brain resting functional MRI (fMRI) connectomes are widely used, the integration or association of whole brain functional connectomes with PET data are rarely done. This likely stems from the fact that PET data is typically analyzed by using a regions of interest approach, while whole brain spatial networks and their connectivity (covariation) receive much less attention. As a result, to date, there have been no direct comparisons between whole brain PET and fMRI connectomes. In this study, we present a method that uses spatially constrained independent component analysis (scICA) to estimate corresponding PET and fMRI connectomes and examine the relationship between them using mild cognitive impairment (MCI) datasets. Our results demonstrate highly modularized PET connectome patterns that complement those identified from resting fMRI. In particular, fMRI showed strong intra-domain connectivity with interdomain anticorrelation in sensorimotor and visual domains as well as default mode network. PET amyloid data showed similar strong intra-domain effects, but showed much higher correlations within cognitive control and default mode domains, as well as anticorrelation between cerebellum and other domains. The estimated PET networks have similar, but not identical, network spatial patterns to the resting fMRI networks, with the PET networks being slightly smoother and, in some cases, showing variations in subnodes. We also analyzed the differences between individuals with MCI receiving medication versus a placebo. Results show both common and modality specific treatment effects on fMRI and PET connectomes. From our fMRI analysis, we observed higher activation differences in various regions, such as the connection between the thalamus and middle occipital gyrus, as well as the insula and right middle occipital gyrus. Meanwhile, the PET analysis revealed increased activation between the anterior cingulate cortex and the left inferior parietal lobe, along with other regions, in individuals who received medication versus placebo. In sum, our novel approach identifies corresponding whole-brain PET and fMRI networks and connectomes. While we observed common patterns of network connectivity, our analysis of the MCI treatment and placebo groups revealed that each modality identifies a unique set of networks, highlighting differences between the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debbrata K. Saha
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Anastasia Bohsali
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Rekha Saha
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Ihab Hajjar
- University of Texas Southwestern Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30303
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Luo N, Luo X, Zheng S, Yao D, Zhao M, Cui Y, Zhu Y, Calhoun VD, Sun L, Sui J. Aberrant brain dynamics and spectral power in children with ADHD and its subtypes. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 32:2223-2234. [PMID: 35996018 PMCID: PMC10576687 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02068-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder in children, usually categorized as three subtypes, predominant inattention (ADHD-I), predominant hyperactivity-impulsivity (ADHD-HI), and a combined subtype (ADHD-C). Yet, common and unique abnormalities of electroencephalogram (EEG) across different subtypes remain poorly understood. Here, we leveraged microstate characteristics and power features to investigate temporal and frequency abnormalities in ADHD and its subtypes using high-density EEG on 161 participants (54 ADHD-Is and 53 ADHD-Cs and 54 healthy controls). Four EEG microstates were identified. The coverage of salience network (state C) were decreased in ADHD compared to HC (p = 1.46e-3), while the duration and contribution of frontal-parietal network (state D) were increased (p = 1.57e-3; p = 1.26e-4). Frequency power analysis also indicated that higher delta power in the fronto-central area (p = 6.75e-4) and higher power of theta/beta ratio in the bilateral fronto-temporal area (p = 3.05e-3) were observed in ADHD. By contrast, remarkable subtype differences were found primarily on the visual network (state B), of which ADHD-C have higher occurrence and coverage than ADHD-I (p = 9.35e-5; p = 1.51e-8), suggesting that children with ADHD-C might exhibit impulsivity of opening their eyes in an eye-closed experiment, leading to hyper-activated visual network. Moreover, the top discriminative features selected from support vector machine model with recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) well replicated the above results, which achieved an accuracy of 72.7% and 73.8% separately in classifying ADHD and two subtypes. To conclude, this study highlights EEG microstate dynamics and frequency features may serve as sensitive measurements to detect the subtle differences in ADHD and its subtypes, providing a new window for better diagnosis of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Luo
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangsheng Luo
- Peking University Sixth Hospital and, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, 100191, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University) and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Suli Zheng
- Peking University Sixth Hospital and, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, 100191, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University) and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Dongren Yao
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Min Zhao
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yue Cui
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital and, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, 100191, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University) and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Li Sun
- Peking University Sixth Hospital and, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, 100191, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University) and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jing Sui
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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Khalilullah KMI, Agcaoglu O, Sui J, Adali T, Duda M, Calhoun VD. Multimodal fusion of multiple rest fMRI networks and MRI gray matter via parallel multilink joint ICA reveals highly significant function/structure coupling in Alzheimer's disease. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:5167-5179. [PMID: 37605825 PMCID: PMC10502647 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, we focus on estimating the joint relationship between structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) gray matter (GM), and multiple functional MRI (fMRI) intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs). To achieve this, we propose a multilink joint independent component analysis (ml-jICA) method using the same core algorithm as jICA. To relax the jICA assumption, we propose another extension called parallel multilink jICA (pml-jICA) that allows for a more balanced weight distribution over ml-jICA/jICA. We assume a shared mixing matrix for both the sMRI and fMRI modalities, while allowing for different mixing matrices linking the sMRI data to the different ICNs. We introduce the model and then apply this approach to study the differences in resting fMRI and sMRI data from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) versus controls. The results of the pml-jICA yield significant differences with large effect sizes that include regions in overlapping portions of default mode network, and also hippocampus and thalamus. Importantly, we identify two joint components with partially overlapping regions which show opposite effects for AD versus controls, but were able to be separated due to being linked to distinct functional and structural patterns. This highlights the unique strength of our approach and multimodal fusion approaches generally in revealing potentially biomarkers of brain disorders that would likely be missed by a unimodal approach. These results represent the first work linking multiple fMRI ICNs to GM components within a multimodal data fusion model and challenges the typical view that brain structure is more sensitive to AD than fMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. M. Ibrahim Khalilullah
- Tri‐institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS)Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Oktay Agcaoglu
- Tri‐institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS)Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Jing Sui
- Tri‐institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS)Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and LearningBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Tülay Adali
- Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Marlena Duda
- Tri‐institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS)Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Tri‐institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS)Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
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Fotiadis P, Cieslak M, He X, Caciagli L, Ouellet M, Satterthwaite TD, Shinohara RT, Bassett DS. Myelination and excitation-inhibition balance synergistically shape structure-function coupling across the human cortex. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6115. [PMID: 37777569 PMCID: PMC10542365 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41686-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent work has demonstrated that the relationship between structural and functional connectivity varies regionally across the human brain, with reduced coupling emerging along the sensory-association cortical hierarchy. The biological underpinnings driving this expression, however, remain largely unknown. Here, we postulate that intracortical myelination and excitation-inhibition (EI) balance mediate the heterogeneous expression of structure-function coupling (SFC) and its temporal variance across the cortical hierarchy. We employ atlas- and voxel-based connectivity approaches to analyze neuroimaging data acquired from two groups of healthy participants. Our findings are consistent across six complementary processing pipelines: 1) SFC and its temporal variance respectively decrease and increase across the unimodal-transmodal and granular-agranular gradients; 2) increased myelination and lower EI-ratio are associated with more rigid SFC and restricted moment-to-moment SFC fluctuations; 3) a gradual shift from EI-ratio to myelination as the principal predictor of SFC occurs when traversing from granular to agranular cortical regions. Collectively, our work delivers a framework to conceptualize structure-function relationships in the human brain, paving the way for an improved understanding of how demyelination and/or EI-imbalances induce reorganization in brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Fotiadis
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Matthew Cieslak
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Xiaosong He
- Department of Psychology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Lorenzo Caciagli
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mathieu Ouellet
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Theodore D Satterthwaite
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Russell T Shinohara
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing & Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Dani S Bassett
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, 87501, USA.
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Parkes L, Kim JZ, Stiso J, Brynildsen JK, Cieslak M, Covitz S, Gur RE, Gur RC, Pasqualetti F, Shinohara RT, Zhou D, Satterthwaite TD, Bassett DS. Using network control theory to study the dynamics of the structural connectome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.23.554519. [PMID: 37662395 PMCID: PMC10473719 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.23.554519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Network control theory (NCT) is a simple and powerful tool for studying how network topology informs and constrains dynamics. Compared to other structure-function coupling approaches, the strength of NCT lies in its capacity to predict the patterns of external control signals that may alter dynamics in a desired way. We have extensively developed and validated the application of NCT to the human structural connectome. Through these efforts, we have studied (i) how different aspects of connectome topology affect neural dynamics, (ii) whether NCT outputs cohere with empirical data on brain function and stimulation, and (iii) how NCT outputs vary across development and correlate with behavior and mental health symptoms. In this protocol, we introduce a framework for applying NCT to structural connectomes following two main pathways. Our primary pathway focuses on computing the control energy associated with transitioning between specific neural activity states. Our second pathway focuses on computing average controllability, which indexes nodes' general capacity to control dynamics. We also provide recommendations for comparing NCT outputs against null network models. Finally, we support this protocol with a Python-based software package called network control theory for python (nctpy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Linden Parkes
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA
- Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center (PennLINC), Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Jason Z Kim
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Jennifer Stiso
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Matthew Cieslak
- Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center (PennLINC), Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn/CHOP Lifespan Brain Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sydney Covitz
- Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center (PennLINC), Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn/CHOP Lifespan Brain Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Penn/CHOP Lifespan Brain Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Penn/CHOP Lifespan Brain Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Fabio Pasqualetti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Russell T Shinohara
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Biomedical Image Computation and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Endeavor (PennSIVE), Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dale Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA
| | - Theodore D Satterthwaite
- Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center (PennLINC), Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn/CHOP Lifespan Brain Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Biomedical Image Computation and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dani S Bassett
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
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9
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Zhang Y, Wang F, Sui J. Decoding individual differences in self-prioritization from the resting-state functional connectome. Neuroimage 2023; 276:120205. [PMID: 37253415 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the self has traditionally been viewed as a higher-order mental function by most theoretical frameworks, recent research advocates a fundamental self hypothesis, viewing the self as a baseline function of the brain embedded within its spontaneous activities, which dynamically regulates cognitive processing and subsequently guides behavior. Understanding this fundamental self hypothesis can reveal where self-biased behaviors emerge and to what extent brain signals at rest can predict such biased behaviors. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the association between spontaneous neural connectivity and robust self-bias in a perceptual matching task using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 348 young participants. By decoding whole-brain connectivity patterns, the support vector regression model produced the best predictions of the magnitude of self-bias in behavior, which was evaluated via a nested cross-validation procedure. The out-of-sample generalizability was further authenticated using an external dataset of older adults. The functional connectivity results demonstrated that self-biased behavior was associated with distinct connections between the default mode, cognitive control, and salience networks. Consensus network and computational lesion analyses further revealed contributing regions distributed across six networks, extending to additional nodes, such as the thalamus, whose role in self-related processing remained unclear. These results provide evidence that self-biased behavior derives from spontaneous neural connectivity, supporting the fundamental self hypothesis. Thus, we propose an integrated neural network model of this fundamental self that synthesizes previous theoretical models and portrays the brain mechanisms by which the self emerges at rest internally and regulates responses to the external environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfa Zhang
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Laboratory of Brain and Intelligence, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; The Centre for Positive Psychology Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jie Sui
- School of Psychology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, Scotland, Great Britain
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10
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Joo Y, Lee S, Hwang J, Kim J, Cheon YH, Lee H, Kim S, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Renshaw PF, Yoon S, Lyoo IK. Differential alterations in brain structural network organization during addiction between adolescents and adults. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3805-3816. [PMID: 35440353 PMCID: PMC10317813 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722000423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adolescent brain may be susceptible to the influences of illicit drug use. While compensatory network reorganization is a unique developmental characteristic that may restore several brain disorders, its association with methamphetamine (MA) use-induced damage during adolescence is unclear. METHODS Using independent component (IC) analysis on structural magnetic resonance imaging data, spatially ICs described as morphometric networks were extracted to examine the effects of MA use on gray matter (GM) volumes and network module connectivity in adolescents (51 MA users v. 60 controls) and adults (54 MA users v. 60 controls). RESULTS MA use was related to significant GM volume reductions in the default mode, cognitive control, salience, limbic, sensory and visual network modules in adolescents. GM volumes were also reduced in the limbic and visual network modules of the adult MA group as compared to the adult control group. Differential patterns of structural connectivity between the basal ganglia (BG) and network modules were found between the adolescent and adult MA groups. Specifically, adult MA users exhibited significantly reduced connectivity of the BG with the default network modules compared to control adults, while adolescent MA users, despite the greater extent of network GM volume reductions, did not show alterations in network connectivity relative to control adolescents. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the potential of compensatory network reorganization in adolescent brains in response to MA use. The developmental characteristic to compensate for MA-induced brain damage can be considered as an age-specific therapeutic target for adolescent MA users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonji Joo
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suji Lee
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaeuk Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jungyoon Kim
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Cheon
- Department of Psychiatry, Incheon Chamsarang Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hyangwon Lee
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shinhye Kim
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Deborah A. Yurgelun-Todd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Diagnostic Neuroimaging, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA VISN 19 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Perry F. Renshaw
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Diagnostic Neuroimaging, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA VISN 19 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sujung Yoon
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In Kyoon Lyoo
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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11
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Chen Z, Wu B, Li G, Zhou L, Zhang L, Liu J. MAPT rs17649553 T allele is associated with better verbal memory and higher small-world properties in Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 129:219-231. [PMID: 37413784 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Currently, over 90 genetic loci have been found to be associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) in genome-wide association studies, nevertheless, the effects of these genetic variants on the clinical features and brain structure of PD patients are largely unknown. This study investigated the effects of microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) rs17649553 (C>T), a genetic variant associated with reduced PD risk, on the clinical manifestations and brain networks of PD patients. We found MAPT rs17649553 T allele was associated with better verbal memory in PD patients. In addition, MAPT rs17649553 significantly shaped the topology of gray matter covariance network and white matter network. Both the network metrics in gray matter covariance network and white matter network were correlated with verbal memory, however, the mediation analysis showed that it was the small-world properties in white matter network that mediated the effects of MAPT rs17649553 on verbal memory. These results suggest that MAPT rs17649553 T allele is associated with higher small-world properties in structural network and better verbal memory in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichun Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xuchang Central Hospital Affiliated with Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan, China
| | - Guanglu Li
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Liche Zhou
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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12
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Chen Z, Wu B, Li G, Zhou L, Zhang L, Liu J. Age and sex differentially shape brain networks in Parkinson's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023. [PMID: 36890620 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Age and sex are important individual factors modifying the clinical symptoms of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Our goal is to evaluate the effects of age and sex on brain networks and clinical manifestations of PD patients. METHODS Parkinson's disease participants (n = 198) receiving functional magnetic resonance imaging from Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative database were investigated. Participants were classified into lower quartile group (age rank: 0%~25%), interquartile group (age rank: 26%~75%), and upper quartile group (age rank: 76%~100%) according to their age quartiles to examine how age shapes brain network topology. The differences of brain network topological properties between male and female participants were also investigated. RESULTS Parkinson's disease patients in the upper quartile age group exhibited disrupted network topology of white matter networks and impaired integrity of white matter fibers compared to lower quartile age group. In contrast, sex preferentially shaped the small-world topology of gray matter covariance network. Differential network metrics mediated the effects of age and sex on cognitive function of PD patients. CONCLUSION Age and sex have diverse effects on brain structural networks and cognitive function of PD patients, highlighting their roles in the clinical management of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichun Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xuchang Central Hospital affiliated with Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan, China
| | - Guanglu Li
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liche Zhou
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Khalilullah KMI, Agcaoglu O, Sui J, Adali T, Duda M, Calhoun VD. Multimodal fusion of multiple rest fMRI networks and MRI gray matter via multilink joint ICA reveals highly significant function/structure coupling in Alzheimer's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.28.530458. [PMID: 36909478 PMCID: PMC10002680 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.28.530458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we focus on estimating the joint relationship between structural MRI (sMRI) gray matter (GM) and multiple functional MRI (fMRI) intrinsic connectivity networks (ICN) using a novel approach called multi-link joint independent component analysis (ml-jICA). The proposed model offers several improvements over the existing joint independent component analysis (jICA) model. We assume a shared mixing matrix for both the sMRI and fMRI modalities, while allowing for different mixing matrices linking the sMRI data to the different ICNs. We introduce the model and then apply this approach to study the differences in resting fMRI and sMRI data from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) versus controls. The results yield significant differences with large effect sizes that include regions in overlapping portions of default mode network, and also hippocampus and thalamus. Importantly, we identify two joint components with partially overlapping regions which show opposite effects for Alzheimer's disease versus controls, but were able to be separated due to being linked to distinct functional and structural patterns. This highlights the unique strength of our approach and multimodal fusion approaches generally in revealing potentially biomarkers of brain disorders that would likely be missed by a unimodal approach. These results represent the first work linking multiple fMRI ICNs to gray matter components within a multimodal data fusion model and challenges the typical view that brain structure is more sensitive to AD than fMRI.
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14
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Friedrich M, Farrher E, Caspers S, Lohmann P, Lerche C, Stoffels G, Filss CP, Weiss Lucas C, Ruge MI, Langen KJ, Shah NJ, Fink GR, Galldiks N, Kocher M. Alterations in white matter fiber density associated with structural MRI and metabolic PET lesions following multimodal therapy in glioma patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:998069. [PMID: 36452509 PMCID: PMC9702073 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.998069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In glioma patients, multimodality therapy and recurrent tumor can lead to structural brain tissue damage characterized by pathologic findings in MR and PET imaging. However, little is known about the impact of different types of damage on the fiber architecture of the affected white matter. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study included 121 pretreated patients (median age, 52 years; ECOG performance score, 0 in 48%, 1-2 in 51%) with histomolecularly characterized glioma (WHO grade IV glioblastoma, n=81; WHO grade III anaplastic astrocytoma, n=28; WHO grade III anaplastic oligodendroglioma, n=12), who had a resection, radiotherapy, alkylating chemotherapy, or combinations thereof. After a median follow-up time of 14 months (range, 1-214 months), anatomic MR and O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET) PET images were acquired on a 3T hybrid PET/MR scanner. Post-therapeutic findings comprised resection cavities, regions with contrast enhancement or increased FET uptake and T2/FLAIR hyperintensities. Local fiber density was determined from high angular-resolution diffusion-weighted imaging and advanced tractography methods. A cohort of 121 healthy subjects selected from the 1000BRAINS study matched for age, gender and education served as a control group. RESULTS Lesion types differed in both affected tissue volumes and relative fiber densities compared to control values (resection cavities: median volume 20.9 mL, fiber density 16% of controls; contrast-enhanced lesions: 7.9 mL, 43%; FET uptake areas: 30.3 mL, 49%; T2/FLAIR hyperintensities: 53.4 mL, 57%, p<0.001). In T2/FLAIR-hyperintense lesions caused by peritumoral edema due to recurrent glioma (n=27), relative fiber density was as low as in lesions associated with radiation-induced gliosis (n=13, 48% vs. 53%, p=0.17). In regions with pathologically increased FET uptake, local fiber density was inversely related (p=0.005) to the extent of uptake. Total fiber loss associated with contrast-enhanced lesions (p=0.006) and T2/FLAIR hyperintense lesions (p=0.013) had a significant impact on overall ECOG score. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that apart from resection cavities, reduction in local fiber density is greatest in contrast-enhancing recurrent tumors, but total fiber loss induced by edema or gliosis has an equal detrimental effect on the patients' performance status due to the larger volume affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Friedrich
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, -3, -4, -11), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Ezequiel Farrher
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, -3, -4, -11), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Svenja Caspers
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, -3, -4, -11), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
- Institute for Anatomy I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Lohmann
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, -3, -4, -11), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
- Department of Stereotaxy and Functional Neurosurgery, Center for Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Lerche
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, -3, -4, -11), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Stoffels
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, -3, -4, -11), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Christian P. Filss
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, -3, -4, -11), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, Rheinisch-Westfaelische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Carolin Weiss Lucas
- Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, and Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany
- Department of General Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maximilian I. Ruge
- Department of Stereotaxy and Functional Neurosurgery, Center for Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, and Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Langen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, -3, -4, -11), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, Rheinisch-Westfaelische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, and Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nadim J. Shah
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, -3, -4, -11), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
- Juelich-Aachen Research Alliance (JARA), Section JARA-Brain, Juelich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Aachen, Rheinisch-Westfaelische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gereon R. Fink
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, -3, -4, -11), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
- Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, and Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Norbert Galldiks
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, -3, -4, -11), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
- Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, and Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Kocher
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, -3, -4, -11), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
- Department of Stereotaxy and Functional Neurosurgery, Center for Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, and Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany
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Jiang R, Woo CW, Qi S, Wu J, Sui J. Interpreting Brain Biomarkers: Challenges and solutions in interpreting machine learning-based predictive neuroimaging. IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING MAGAZINE 2022; 39:107-118. [PMID: 36712588 PMCID: PMC9880880 DOI: 10.1109/msp.2022.3155951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Predictive modeling of neuroimaging data (predictive neuroimaging) for evaluating individual differences in various behavioral phenotypes and clinical outcomes is of growing interest. However, the field is experiencing challenges regarding the interpretability of the results. Approaches to defining the specific contribution of functional connections, regions, or networks in prediction models are urgently needed, which may help explore the underlying mechanisms. In this article, we systematically review the methods and applications for interpreting brain signatures derived from predictive neuroimaging based on a survey of 326 research articles. Strengths, limitations, and the suitable conditions for major interpretation strategies are also deliberated. In-depth discussion of common issues in existing literature and the corresponding recommendations to address these pitfalls are provided. We highly recommend exhaustive validation on the reliability and interpretability of the biomarkers across multiple datasets and contexts, which thereby could translate technical advances in neuroimaging into concrete improvements in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongtao Jiang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
| | - Choong-Wan Woo
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, South Korea, 16419
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea, 16419
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, 16419
| | - Shile Qi
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China, 211106
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing You-An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 100069
| | - Jing Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China, 100875
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16
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Treder MS, Codrai R, Tsvetanov KA. Quality assessment of anatomical MRI images from generative adversarial networks: Human assessment and image quality metrics. J Neurosci Methods 2022; 374:109579. [PMID: 35364110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2022.109579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can synthesize brain images from image or noise input. So far, the gold standard for assessing the quality of the generated images has been human expert ratings. However, due to limitations of human assessment in terms of cost, scalability, and the limited sensitivity of the human eye to more subtle statistical relationships, a more automated approach towards evaluating GANs is required. NEW METHOD We investigated to what extent visual quality can be assessed using image quality metrics and we used group analysis and spatial independent components analysis to verify that the GAN reproduces multivariate statistical relationships found in real data. Reference human data was obtained by recruiting neuroimaging experts to assess real Magnetic Resonance (MR) images and images generated by a GAN. Image quality was manipulated by exporting images at different stages of GAN training. RESULTS Experts were sensitive to changes in image quality as evidenced by ratings and reaction times, and the generated images reproduced group effects (age, gender) and spatial correlations moderately well. We also surveyed a number of image quality metrics. Overall, Fréchet Inception Distance (FID), Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) and Naturalness Image Quality Evaluator (NIQE) showed sensitivity to image quality and good correspondence with the human data, especially for lower-quality images (i.e., images from early stages of GAN training). However, only a Deep Quality Assessment (QA) model trained on human ratings was able to reproduce the subtle differences between higher-quality images. CONCLUSIONS We recommend a combination of group analyses, spatial correlation analyses, and both distortion metrics (FID, MMD, NIQE) and perceptual models (Deep QA) for a comprehensive evaluation and comparison of brain images produced by GANs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias S Treder
- School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK.
| | - Ryan Codrai
- School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK
| | - Kamen A Tsvetanov
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK
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Zhao M, Yan W, Luo N, Zhi D, Fu Z, Du Y, Yu S, Jiang T, Calhoun VD, Sui J. An attention-based hybrid deep learning framework integrating brain connectivity and activity of resting-state functional MRI data. Med Image Anal 2022; 78:102413. [PMID: 35305447 PMCID: PMC9035078 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2022.102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as a promising tool to investigate psychotic disorders can be decomposed into useful imaging features such as time courses (TCs) of independent components (ICs) and functional network connectivity (FNC) calculated by TC cross-correlation. TCs reflect the temporal dynamics of brain activity and the FNC characterizes temporal coherence across intrinsic brain networks. Both features have been used as input to deep learning approaches with decent results. However, few studies have tried to leverage their complementary information to learn optimal representations at multiple facets. Motivated by this, we proposed a Hybrid Deep Learning Framework integrating brain Connectivity and Activity (HDLFCA) together by combining convolutional recurrent neural network (C-RNN) and deep neural network (DNN), aiming to improve classification accuracy and interpretability simultaneously. Specifically, C-RNNAM was proposed to extract temporal dynamic dependencies with an attention module (AM) to automatically learn discriminative knowledge from TC nodes, while DNN was applied to identify the most group-discriminative FNC patterns with layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP). Then, both prediction outputs were concatenated to build a new feature matrix, generating the final decision by logistic regression. The effectiveness of HDLFCA was validated on both multi-site schizophrenia (SZ, n ∼ 1100) and public autism datasets (ABIDE, n ∼ 1522) by outperforming 12 alternative models at 2.8-8.9% accuracy, including 8 models using either static FNC or TCs and 4 models using dynamic FNC. Appreciable classification accuracy was achieved for HC vs. SZ (85.3%) and HC vs. Autism (72.4%) respectively. More importantly, the most group-discriminative brain regions can be easily attributed and visualized, providing meaningful biological interpretability and highlighting the great potential of the proposed HDLFCA model in the identification of valid neuroimaging biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weizheng Yan
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Na Luo
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zening Fu
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yuhui Du
- School of Computer and Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shan Yu
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianzi Jiang
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jing Sui
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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18
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Doucet GE, Hamlin N, West A, Kruse JA, Moser DA, Wilson TW. Multivariate patterns of brain-behavior associations across the adult lifespan. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:161-194. [PMID: 35013005 PMCID: PMC8791210 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The nature of brain-behavior covariations with increasing age is poorly understood. In the current study, we used a multivariate approach to investigate the covariation between behavioral-health variables and brain features across adulthood. We recruited healthy adults aged 20–73 years-old (29 younger, mean age = 25.6 years; 30 older, mean age = 62.5 years), and collected structural and functional MRI (s/fMRI) during a resting-state and three tasks. From the sMRI, we extracted cortical thickness and subcortical volumes; from the fMRI, we extracted activation peaks and functional network connectivity (FNC) for each task. We conducted canonical correlation analyses between behavioral-health variables and the sMRI, or the fMRI variables, across all participants. We found significant covariations for both types of neuroimaging phenotypes (ps = 0.0004) across all individuals, with cognitive capacity and age being the largest opposite contributors. We further identified different variables contributing to the models across phenotypes and age groups. Particularly, we found behavior was associated with different neuroimaging patterns between the younger and older groups. Higher cognitive capacity was supported by activation and FNC within the executive networks in the younger adults, while it was supported by the visual networks’ FNC in the older adults. This study highlights how the brain-behavior covariations vary across adulthood and provides further support that cognitive performance relies on regional recruitment that differs between older and younger individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaelle E Doucet
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68010, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Noah Hamlin
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68010, USA
| | - Anna West
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68010, USA
| | - Jordanna A Kruse
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68010, USA
| | - Dominik A Moser
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68010, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
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19
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Zhang Y. Individual prediction of hemispheric similarity of functional connectivity during normal aging. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1016807. [PMID: 36226096 PMCID: PMC9548650 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1016807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the aging process of normal people, the functional activity pattern of brain is in constant change, and the change of brain runs through the whole life cycle, which plays a crucial role in the track of individual development. In recent years, some studies had been carried out on the brain functional activity pattern during individual aging process from different perspectives, which provided an opportunity for the problem we want to study. In this study, we used the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data from Cambridge Center for Aging and Neuroscience (Cam-CAN) database with large sample and long lifespan, and computed the functional connectivity (FC) values for each individual. Based on these values, the hemispheric similarity of functional connectivity (HSFC) obtained by Pearson correlation was used as the starting point of this study. We evaluated the ability of individual recognition of HSFC in the process of aging, as well as the variation trend with aging process. The results showed that HSFC could be used to identify individuals effectively, and it could reflect the change rule in the process of aging. In addition, we observed a series of results at the sub-module level and find that the recognition rate in the sub-module was different from each other, as well as the trend with age. Finally, as a validation, we repeated the main results by human brainnetome atlas (BNA) template and without global signal regression, found that had a good robustness. This also provides a new clue to hemispherical change patterns during normal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingteng Zhang
- Department of Mathematics, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
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20
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Doucet GE, Baker S, Wilson TW, Kurz MJ. Weaker Connectivity of the Cortical Networks Is Linked with the Uncharacteristic Gait in Youth with Cerebral Palsy. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11081065. [PMID: 34439684 PMCID: PMC8391166 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11081065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most prevalent pediatric neurologic impairment and is associated with major mobility deficiencies. This has led to extensive investigations of the sensorimotor network, with far less research focusing on other major networks. The aim of this study was to investigate the functional connectivity (FC) of the main sensory networks (i.e., visual and auditory) and the sensorimotor network, and to link FC to the gait biomechanics of youth with CP. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, we first identified the sensorimotor, visual and auditory networks in youth with CP and neurotypical controls. Our analysis revealed reduced FC among the networks in the youth with CP relative to the controls. Notably, the visual network showed lower FC with both the sensorimotor and auditory networks. Furthermore, higher FC between the visual and sensorimotor cortices was associated with larger step length (r = 0.74, pFDR = 0.04) in youth with CP. These results confirm that CP is associated with functional brain abnormalities beyond the sensorimotor network, suggesting abnormal functional integration of the brain’s motor and primary sensory systems. The significant association between abnormal visuo-motor FC and gait could indicate a link with visuomotor disorders in this patient population.
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21
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Doucet GE, Labache L, Thompson PM, Joliot M, Frangou S. Atlas55+: Brain Functional Atlas of Resting-State Networks for Late Adulthood. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:1719-1731. [PMID: 33188411 PMCID: PMC7869083 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, several human brain functional atlases are used to define the spatial constituents of the resting-state networks (RSNs). However, the only brain atlases available are derived from samples of young adults. As brain networks are continuously reconfigured throughout life, the lack of brain atlases derived from older populations may influence RSN results in late adulthood. To address this gap, the aim of the study was to construct a reliable brain atlas derived only from older participants. We leveraged resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from three cohorts of healthy older adults (total N = 563; age = 55-95 years) and a younger-adult cohort (N = 128; age = 18-35 years). We identified the major RSNs and their subdivisions across all older-adult cohorts. We demonstrated high spatial reproducibility of these RSNs with an average spatial overlap of 67%. Importantly, the RSNs derived from the older-adult cohorts were spatially different from those derived from the younger-adult cohort (P = 2.3 × 10-3). Lastly, we constructed a novel brain atlas, called Atlas55+, which includes the consensus of the major RSNs and their subdivisions across the older-adult cohorts. Thus, Atlas55+ provides a reliable age-appropriate template for RSNs in late adulthood and is publicly available. Our results confirm the need for age-appropriate functional atlases for studies investigating aging-related brain mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaelle E Doucet
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68131, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Loic Labache
- GIN, UMR5293, CEA, CNRS, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux 33000, France
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90033, USA
| | - Marc Joliot
- GIN, UMR5293, CEA, CNRS, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux 33000, France
| | - Sophia Frangou
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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22
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Muller AM, Pennington DL, Meyerhoff DJ. Substance-Specific and Shared Gray Matter Signatures in Alcohol, Opioid, and Polysubstance Use Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:795299. [PMID: 35115969 PMCID: PMC8803650 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.795299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Substance use disorders (SUD) have been shown to be associated with gray matter (GM) loss, particularly in the frontal cortex. However, unclear is to what degree these regional GM alterations are substance-specific or shared across different substances, and if these regional GM alterations are independent of each other or the result of system-level processes at the intrinsic connectivity network level. The T1 weighted MRI data of 65 treated patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), 27 patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) on maintenance therapy, 21 treated patients with stimulant use disorder comorbid with alcohol use disorder (polysubstance use disorder patients, PSU), and 21 healthy controls were examined via data-driven vertex-wise and voxel-wise GM analyses. Then, structural covariance analyses and open-access fMRI database analyses were used to map the cortical thinning patterns found in the three SUD groups onto intrinsic functional systems. Among AUD and OUD, we identified both common cortical thinning in right anterior brain regions as well as SUD-specific regional GM alterations that were not present in the PSU group. Furthermore, AUD patients had not only the most extended regional thinning but also significantly smaller subcortical structures and cerebellum relative to controls, OUD and PSU individuals. The system-level analyses revealed that AUD and OUD showed cortical thinning in several functional systems. In the AUD group the default mode network was clearly most affected, followed by the salience and executive control networks, whereas the salience and somatomotor network were highlighted as critical for understanding OUD. Structural brain alterations in groups with different SUDs are largely unique in their spatial extent and functional network correlates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Muller
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,VA Advanced Imaging Research Center (VAARC), San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - David L Pennington
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System (SFVAHCS), San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Dieter J Meyerhoff
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,VA Advanced Imaging Research Center (VAARC), San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States
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