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Keeling NM, Wallisch M, Johnson J, Le HH, Vu HH, Jordan KR, Puy C, Tucker EI, Nguyen KP, McCarty OJT, Aslan JE, Hinds MT, Anderson DEJ. Pharmacologic targeting of coagulation factors XII and XI by monoclonal antibodies reduces thrombosis in nitinol stents under flow. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:1433-1446. [PMID: 38331196 PMCID: PMC11055672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular implantable devices, such as vascular stents, are critical for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, their success is dependent on robust and often long-term antithrombotic therapies. Yet, the current standard-of-care therapies often pose significant bleeding risks to patients. Coagulation factor (F)XI and FXII have emerged as potentially safe and efficacious targets to safely reduce pathologic thrombin generation in medical devices. OBJECTIVES To study the efficacy of monoclonal antibody-targeting FXII and FXI of the contact pathway in preventing vascular device-related thrombosis. METHODS The effects of inhibition of FXII and FXI using function-blocking monoclonal antibodies were examined in a nonhuman primate model of nitinol stent-related thrombosis under arterial and venous flow conditions. RESULTS We found that function-blocking antibodies of FXII and FXI reduced markers of stent-induced thrombosis in vitro and ex vivo. However, FXI inhibition resulted in more effective mitigation of thrombosis markers under varied flow conditions. CONCLUSION This work provides further support for the translation of contact pathway of coagulation inhibitors for their adjunctive clinical use with cardiovascular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novella M Keeling
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
| | - Michael Wallisch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; Aronora Inc, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jennifer Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Hillary H Le
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Helen H Vu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Kelley R Jordan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Cristina Puy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Erik I Tucker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; Aronora Inc, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Khanh P Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Joseph E Aslan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Monica T Hinds
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Deirdre E J Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
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Roeters van Lennep JE, Tokgözoğlu LS, Badimon L, Dumanski SM, Gulati M, Hess CN, Holven KB, Kavousi M, Kayıkçıoğlu M, Lutgens E, Michos ED, Prescott E, Stock JK, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Wermer MJH, Benn M. Women, lipids, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a call to action from the European Atherosclerosis Society. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:4157-4173. [PMID: 37611089 PMCID: PMC10576616 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women and men globally, with most due to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Despite progress during the last 30 years, ASCVD mortality is now increasing, with the fastest relative increase in middle-aged women. Missed or delayed diagnosis and undertreatment do not fully explain this burden of disease. Sex-specific factors, such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, premature menopause (especially primary ovarian insufficiency), and polycystic ovary syndrome are also relevant, with good evidence that these are associated with greater cardiovascular risk. This position statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society focuses on these factors, as well as sex-specific effects on lipids, including lipoprotein(a), over the life course in women which impact ASCVD risk. Women are also disproportionately impacted (in relative terms) by diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and auto-immune inflammatory disease. All these effects are compounded by sociocultural components related to gender. This panel stresses the need to identify and treat modifiable cardiovascular risk factors earlier in women, especially for those at risk due to sex-specific conditions, to reduce the unacceptably high burden of ASCVD in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanine E Roeters van Lennep
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lale S Tokgözoğlu
- Department of Cardiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Science Program-ICCC, IR-Hospital de la Santa Creu I Santa Pau, Ciber CV, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra M Dumanski
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, and O’Brien Institute for Public Health, Calgary, Canada
| | - Martha Gulati
- Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Connie N Hess
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora and CPC Clinical Research Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kirsten B Holven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, and National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Meral Kayıkçıoğlu
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Cardiovascular Medicine and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Erin D Michos
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eva Prescott
- Department of Cardiology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jane K Stock
- European Atherosclerosis Society, Mässans Gata 10, SE-412 51 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, The Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marieke J H Wermer
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology at University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne Benn
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, The Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Zhang X, Kang Z, Yin D, Gao J. Role of neutrophils in different stages of atherosclerosis. Innate Immun 2023; 29:97-109. [PMID: 37491844 PMCID: PMC10468622 DOI: 10.1177/17534259231189195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils constitute the first line of defense in human immunity and can be attracted to inflamed and infected sites by various chemokines. As essential players in immune processes, neutrophils theoretically play integral roles in the course of chronic inflammation-induced atherosclerosis. However, because neutrophils are rarely found in atherosclerotic lesions, their involvement in the pathophysiological progression of atherosclerosis has been largely underestimated or ignored. Recent research has revealed convincing evidence showing the presence of neutrophils in atherosclerotic lesions and has revealed neutrophil contributions to different atherosclerosis stages in mice and humans. This review describes the underlying mechanisms of neutrophils in different stages of atherosclerosis and highlights potential neutrophil-targeted therapeutic strategies relevant to atherosclerosis. An in-depth understanding of neutrophils' roles in atherosclerosis pathology will promote exploration of new methods for the prevention and treatment of atherogenesis and atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhanfang Kang
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Dazhong Yin
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
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Sambola A, Scantlebury DC. Worse Effects of Thrombus Burden or Undertreatment in Women With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction? JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2022; 15:2077-2079. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Diaz-Riera E, García-Arguinzonis M, López L, Garcia-Moll X, Badimon L, Padró T. Vitamin D Binding Protein and Renal Injury in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:829490. [PMID: 35757319 PMCID: PMC9222131 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.829490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundRenal function in acute decompensated heart faiulre (ADHF) is a strong predictor of disease evolution and poor outcome. Current biomarkers for early diagnostic of renal injury in the setting of ADHF are still controversial, and their association to early pathological changes needs to be established. By applying a proteomic approach, we aimed to identify early changes in the differential urine protein signature associated with development of renal injury in patients hospitalised due to ADHF.Materials and MethodsPatients (71 [64–77] years old) admitted at the emergency room with ADHF and hospitalised were investigated (N = 64). Samples (urine/serum) were collected at hospital admission (day 0) and 72 h later (day 3). Differential serum proteome was analysed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight (MALDI-ToF/ToF). Validation studies were performed using ELISA.ResultsProteomic analysis depicted urinary vitamin D binding protein (uVDBP) as a two spots protein with increased intensity in ADHF and significant differences depending on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Urinary VDBP in patients with ADHF at hospitalisation was > threefold higher than in healthy subjects, with the highest levels in those patients with ADHF already presenting renal dysfunction. At day 3, urine VDBP levels in patients maintaining normal renal function dropped to normal values (P = 0.03 vs. day 0). In contrast, urine VDBP levels remained elevated in the group developing renal injury, with values twofold above the normal range (P < 0.05), while serum creatinine and GF levels were within the physiological range in this group. Urinary VDBP in ADHF positively correlated with markers of renal injury such as cystatin C and Kidney Injury Molecule 1 (KIM-1). By ROC analysis, urinary VDBP, when added to cystatin C and KIM-1, improved the prediction of renal injury in patients with ADHF.ConclusionWe showed increased urine VDBP in patients with ADHF at hospital admission and a differential uVDBP evolution pattern at early stage of renal dysfunction, before pathological worsening of GFR is evidenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Diaz-Riera
- Cardiovascular-Program ICCC, Research Institute–Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maisa García-Arguinzonis
- Cardiovascular-Program ICCC, Research Institute–Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura López
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Garcia-Moll
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular-Program ICCC, Research Institute–Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Research Chair, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular-Program ICCC, Research Institute–Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Teresa Padró,
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Integrated Multichip Analysis and WGCNA Identify Potential Diagnostic Markers in the Pathogenesis of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:7343412. [PMID: 35475279 PMCID: PMC9010175 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7343412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a myocardial infarction (MI) with ST-segment exaltation of electrocardiogram (ECG) caused by vascular occlusion of the epicardium. However, the diagnostic markers of STEMI remain little. Methods STEMI raw microarray data are acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Based on GSE60993 and GSE61144, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are verified via R software, and key modules associated with pathological state of STEMI are verified by weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). Take the intersection gene of key module and DEGs to perform the pathway enrichment analyses by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network by Cytoscape. Then, select and identify the diagnostic biomarkers of STEMI by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithms. Finally, assess the infiltration of immune cells of STEMI by CIBERSORT and analyze the correlation between diagnostic markers and infiltrating immune cells. Results We get 710 DEGs in the STEMI group and 376 genes associated with STEMI in blue module. 92 intersection genes were concentrated in 30 GO terms and 2 KEGG pathways. 28 hub genes involved in the development of STEMI. Moreover, upregulated ALOX5AP (AUC = 1.00) and BST1 (AUC = 1.00) are confirmed as diagnostic markers of STEMI. CD8+T cells, regulatory T (Treg) cells, resting natural killer (NK) cells, M0 macrophages, resting mast cells, and neutrophils are related to the procession of STEMI. Moreover, ALOX5AP and BST1 are positively related to resting NK cells, M0 macrophages, and neutrophils, while ALOX5AP and BST1 are negatively related to CD8+ T cells, Treg cells, and resting mast cells. Conclusion ALOX5AP and BST1 may be the diagnostic markers of STEMI. Immune cell infiltration plays a key role in the development of STEMI.
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Low profilin 1 serum levels are associated with diabetes, family history and multivessel lesions in patients with coronary artery disease. ADVANCES IN INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY 2021; 17:305-308. [PMID: 34819967 PMCID: PMC8596711 DOI: 10.5114/aic.2021.109159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Alkarithi G, Duval C, Shi Y, Macrae FL, Ariëns RAS. Thrombus Structural Composition in Cardiovascular Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2370-2383. [PMID: 34261330 PMCID: PMC8384252 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Thrombosis is a major complication of cardiovascular disease, leading to myocardial infarction, acute ischemic stroke, or venous thromboembolism. Thrombosis occurs when a thrombus forms inside blood vessels disrupting blood flow. Developments in thrombectomy to remove thrombi from vessels have provided new opportunities to study thrombus composition which may help to understand mechanisms of disease and underpin improvements in treatments. We aimed to review thrombus compositions, roles of components in thrombus formation and stability, and methods to investigate thrombi. Also, we summarize studies on thrombus structure obtained from cardiovascular patients and animal models. Thrombi are composed of fibrin, red blood cells, platelets, leukocytes, and neutrophil extracellular traps. These components have been analyzed by several techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, laser scanning confocal microscopy, histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry; however, each technique has advantages and limitations. Thrombi are heterogenous in composition, but overall, thrombi obtained from myocardial infarction are composed of mainly fibrin and other components, including platelets, red blood cells, leukocytes, and cholesterol crystals. Thrombi from patients with acute ischemic stroke are characterized by red blood cell- and platelet-rich regions. Thrombi from patients with venous thromboembolism contain mainly red blood cells and fibrin with some platelets and leukocytes. Thrombus composition from patients with myocardial infarction is influenced by ischemic time. Animal thrombosis models are crucial to gain further mechanistic information about thrombosis and thrombus structure, with thrombi being similar in composition compared with those from patients. Further studies on thrombus composition and function are key to improve treatment and clinical outcome of thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadir Alkarithi
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (G.A., C.D., Y.S., F.L.M., R.A.S.A.).,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (G.A.)
| | - Cédric Duval
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (G.A., C.D., Y.S., F.L.M., R.A.S.A.)
| | - Yu Shi
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (G.A., C.D., Y.S., F.L.M., R.A.S.A.)
| | - Fraser L Macrae
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (G.A., C.D., Y.S., F.L.M., R.A.S.A.)
| | - Robert A S Ariëns
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (G.A., C.D., Y.S., F.L.M., R.A.S.A.)
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The Inflammasome Signaling Pathway Is Actively Regulated and Related to Myocardial Damage in Coronary Thrombi from Patients with STEMI. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:5525917. [PMID: 34135690 PMCID: PMC8178014 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5525917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Nod-Like-Receptor-Protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and the Interleukin-6 (IL-6) pathways are central mechanisms of the inflammatory response in myocardial reperfusion injury. Expanding our knowledge about the inflammasome signaling axis is important to improve treatment options. In a cross-sectional study, we aimed to study presence, localization, and genetic expression of inflammasome- and IL-6- signaling-related proteins in coronary thrombi and circulating leukocytes from ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, with relation to myocardial injury and time from symptoms to PCI. Methods Intracoronary thrombi were aspirated from 33 STEMI patients. Blood samples were drawn. mRNA of Toll-Like-Receptor-4 (TLR4), NLRP3, caspase 1, Interleukin-1β (IL1-β), Interleukin-18 (IL-18), IL-6, IL-6-receptor (IL-6R), and glycoprotein 130 (gp130) were isolated from thrombi and circulating leukocytes and relatively quantified by RT-PCR. A part of each thrombus was embedded in paraffin for histology and immunohistochemistry analyses. Results Genes encoding the 8 markers were present in 76-100% of thrombi. Expression of TLR4 in thrombi significantly correlated to troponin T (r = 0.455, p = 0.013), as did NLRP3 (r = 0.468, p = 0.024). Troponin T correlated with expression in circulating leukocytes of TLR4 (r = 0.438, p = 0.011), NLRP3 (r = 0.420, p = 0.0149), and IL-1β (r = 0.394, p = 0.023). IL-6R expression in thrombi correlated significantly to troponin T (r = 0.434, p = 0.019), whereas gp130 was inversely correlated (r = −0.398, p = 0.050). IL-6 in circulating leukocytes correlated inversely to troponin T (r = −0.421, p = 0.015). There were no significant correlations between genes expressed in thrombi and time from symptom to PCI. Conclusions The inflammasome signaling pathway was actively regulated in coronary thrombi and in circulating leukocytes from patients with STEMI, in association with myocardial damage measured by troponin T. This supports the strategy of medically targeting this pathway in treating myocardial infarction and contributes to sort out optimal timing and targets for anti-inflammatory treatment. The study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov with identification number NCT02746822.
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Abstract
Dynamic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton is an essential feature for virtually all actin-dependent cellular processes, including cell migration, cell cycle progression, chromatin remodeling and gene expression, and even the DNA damage response. An altered actin cytoskeleton is a structural hallmark associated with numerous pathologies ranging from cardiovascular diseases to immune disorders, neurological diseases and cancer. The actin cytoskeleton in cells is regulated through the orchestrated actions of a myriad of actin-binding proteins. In this Review, we provide a brief overview of the structure and functions of the actin-monomer-binding protein profilin-1 (Pfn1) and then discuss how dysregulated expression of Pfn1 contributes to diseases associated with the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Gau
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh
| | - Partha Roy
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh.,Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, 306 Center for Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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Paszek E, Zajdel W, Rajs T, Żmudka K, Legutko J, Kleczyński P. Profilin 1 and Mitochondria-Partners in the Pathogenesis of Coronary Artery Disease? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1100. [PMID: 33499277 PMCID: PMC7865810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis remains a large health and economic burden. Even though it has been studied for more than a century, its complex pathophysiology has not been elucidated. The relatively well-established contributors include: chronic inflammation in response to oxidized cholesterol, reactive oxygen species-induced damage and apoptosis. Recently, profilin 1, a regulator of actin dynamics emerged as a potential new player in the field. Profilin is abundant in stable atherosclerotic plaques and in thrombi extracted from infarct-related arteries in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The exact role of profilin in atherosclerosis and its complications, as well as its mechanisms of action, remain unknown. Here, we summarize several pathways in which profilin may act through mitochondria in a number of processes implicated in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Paszek
- Clinical Department of Interventional Cardiology, John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; (E.P.); (W.Z.); (T.R.); (K.Ż.); (J.L.)
| | - Wojciech Zajdel
- Clinical Department of Interventional Cardiology, John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; (E.P.); (W.Z.); (T.R.); (K.Ż.); (J.L.)
| | - Tomasz Rajs
- Clinical Department of Interventional Cardiology, John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; (E.P.); (W.Z.); (T.R.); (K.Ż.); (J.L.)
| | - Krzysztof Żmudka
- Clinical Department of Interventional Cardiology, John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; (E.P.); (W.Z.); (T.R.); (K.Ż.); (J.L.)
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-202 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacek Legutko
- Clinical Department of Interventional Cardiology, John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; (E.P.); (W.Z.); (T.R.); (K.Ż.); (J.L.)
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-202 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł Kleczyński
- Clinical Department of Interventional Cardiology, John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Krakow, Poland; (E.P.); (W.Z.); (T.R.); (K.Ż.); (J.L.)
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-202 Krakow, Poland
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Sauerbrei W, Perperoglou A, Schmid M, Abrahamowicz M, Becher H, Binder H, Dunkler D, Harrell FE, Royston P, Heinze G. State of the art in selection of variables and functional forms in multivariable analysis-outstanding issues. Diagn Progn Res 2020; 4:3. [PMID: 32266321 PMCID: PMC7114804 DOI: 10.1186/s41512-020-00074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND How to select variables and identify functional forms for continuous variables is a key concern when creating a multivariable model. Ad hoc 'traditional' approaches to variable selection have been in use for at least 50 years. Similarly, methods for determining functional forms for continuous variables were first suggested many years ago. More recently, many alternative approaches to address these two challenges have been proposed, but knowledge of their properties and meaningful comparisons between them are scarce. To define a state of the art and to provide evidence-supported guidance to researchers who have only a basic level of statistical knowledge, many outstanding issues in multivariable modelling remain. Our main aims are to identify and illustrate such gaps in the literature and present them at a moderate technical level to the wide community of practitioners, researchers and students of statistics. METHODS We briefly discuss general issues in building descriptive regression models, strategies for variable selection, different ways of choosing functional forms for continuous variables and methods for combining the selection of variables and functions. We discuss two examples, taken from the medical literature, to illustrate problems in the practice of modelling. RESULTS Our overview revealed that there is not yet enough evidence on which to base recommendations for the selection of variables and functional forms in multivariable analysis. Such evidence may come from comparisons between alternative methods. In particular, we highlight seven important topics that require further investigation and make suggestions for the direction of further research. CONCLUSIONS Selection of variables and of functional forms are important topics in multivariable analysis. To define a state of the art and to provide evidence-supported guidance to researchers who have only a basic level of statistical knowledge, further comparative research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willi Sauerbrei
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Aris Perperoglou
- Data Science and Artificial Intelligence AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Heiko Becher
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Harald Binder
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Dunkler
- Section for Clinical Biometrics, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Frank E. Harrell
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Patrick Royston
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Georg Heinze
- Section for Clinical Biometrics, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Xu RG, Ariëns RAS. Insights into the composition of stroke thrombi: heterogeneity and distinct clot areas impact treatment. Haematologica 2020; 105:257-259. [PMID: 32005654 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.238816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Gang Xu
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Robert A S Ariëns
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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14
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Bacigaluppi M, Semerano A, Gullotta GS, Strambo D. Insights from thrombi retrieved in stroke due to large vessel occlusion. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:1433-1451. [PMID: 31213164 PMCID: PMC6681524 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19856131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The recent advances of endovascular procedures to treat stroke due to large cerebral vessel occlusion have made it possible to analyze the retrieved thrombus material. Analysis of cerebral thrombi is emerging as a relevant opportunity to complement the diagnostic workup of etiology, to develop new lytic approaches and to optimize the acute treatment of stroke due to large vessel occlusion. Nonetheless, retrieved thrombi are frequently discarded since their informative potential is often neglected and standards are missing. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge and expanding research relating to thrombus composition analysis in large vessel occlusions. We first discuss the heterogeneity of thrombogenic factors that underlie the thrombotic formation in stroke and its implications to identify stroke etiology and thrombus age. Further, we show that understanding structural characteristics of thrombus is pivotal for the development of new-targeted lytic therapies as well as to improve, through thrombus modeling, the development of thrombectomy devices. Finally, we discuss the on-going attempts to identify a signature of thrombus composition indirectly through imaging and peripheral blood biomarkers, which might in future assist treatment decision-making as well as secondary prevention. Thrombus analysis might contribute to the advancement and optimization of personalized stroke treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bacigaluppi
- 1 Neurology and Neuroimmunology Unit, Insititute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Aurora Semerano
- 1 Neurology and Neuroimmunology Unit, Insititute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgia Serena Gullotta
- 1 Neurology and Neuroimmunology Unit, Insititute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Davide Strambo
- 1 Neurology and Neuroimmunology Unit, Insititute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,2 Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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15
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Ma B, Chen J, Mu Y, Xue B, Zhao A, Wang D, Chang D, Pan Y, Liu J. Proteomic analysis of rat serum revealed the effects of chronic sleep deprivation on metabolic, cardiovascular and nervous system. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199237. [PMID: 30235220 PMCID: PMC6147403 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is an essential and fundamental physiological process that plays crucial roles in the balance of psychological and physical health. Sleep disorder may lead to adverse health outcomes. The effects of sleep deprivation were extensively studied, but its mechanism is still not fully understood. The present study aimed to identify the alterations of serum proteins associated with chronic sleep deprivation, and to seek for potential biomarkers of sleep disorder mediated diseases. A label-free quantitative proteomics technology was used to survey the global changes of serum proteins between normal rats and chronic sleep deprivation rats. A total of 309 proteins were detected in the serum samples and among them, 117 proteins showed more than 1.8-folds abundance alterations between the two groups. Functional enrichment and network analyses of the differential proteins revealed a close relationship between chronic sleep deprivation and several biological processes including energy metabolism, cardiovascular function and nervous function. And four proteins including pyruvate kinase M1, clusterin, kininogen1 and profilin-1were identified as potential biomarkers for chronic sleep deprivation. The four candidates were validated via parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) based targeted proteomics. In addition, protein expression alteration of the four proteins was confirmed in myocardium and brain of rat model. In summary, the comprehensive proteomic study revealed the biological impacts of chronic sleep deprivation and discovered several potential biomarkers. This study provides further insight into the pathological and molecular mechanisms underlying sleep disorders at protein level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ma
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jincheng Chen
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongying Mu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Bingjie Xue
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aimei Zhao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Daoping Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Dennis Chang
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Yinghong Pan
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JL); (YP)
| | - Jianxun Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
- * E-mail: (JL); (YP)
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16
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Rizzi M, Albisetti M. Treatment of arterial thrombosis in children: Methods and mechanisms. Thromb Res 2018; 169:113-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Novotny J, Chandraratne S, Weinberger T, Philippi V, Stark K, Ehrlich A, Pircher J, Konrad I, Oberdieck P, Titova A, Hoti Q, Schubert I, Legate KR, Urtz N, Lorenz M, Pelisek J, Massberg S, von Brühl ML, Schulz C. Histological comparison of arterial thrombi in mice and men and the influence of Cl-amidine on thrombus formation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190728. [PMID: 29293656 PMCID: PMC5749862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Medical treatment of arterial thrombosis is mainly directed against platelets and coagulation factors, and can lead to bleeding complications. Novel antithrombotic therapies targeting immune cells and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are currently being investigated in animals. We addressed whether immune cell composition of arterial thrombi induced in mouse models of thrombosis resemble those of human patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods and results In a prospective cohort study of patients suffering from AMI, 81 human arterial thrombi were harvested during percutaneous coronary intervention and subjected to detailed histological analysis. In mice, arterial thrombi were induced using two distinct experimental models, ferric chloride (FeCl3) and wire injury of the carotid artery. We found that murine arterial thrombi induced by FeCl3 were highly concordant with human coronary thrombi regarding their immune cell composition, with neutrophils being the most abundant cell type, as well as the presence of NETs and coagulation factors. Pharmacological treatment of mice with the protein arginine deiminase (PAD)-inhibitor Cl-amidine abrogated NET formation, reduced arterial thrombosis and limited injury in a model of myocardial infarction. Conclusions Neutrophils are a hallmark of arterial thrombi in patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction and in mouse models of arterial thrombosis. Inhibition of PAD could represent an interesting strategy for the treatment of arterial thrombosis to reduce neutrophil-associated tissue damage and improve functional outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Novotny
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Sue Chandraratne
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Weinberger
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Vanessa Philippi
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Stark
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Ehrlich
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Pircher
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Ildiko Konrad
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Paul Oberdieck
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Titova
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Qendresa Hoti
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Irene Schubert
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Kyle R. Legate
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Department of Applied Physics, Center for NanoSciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Urtz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Lorenz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Pelisek
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Marie-Luise von Brühl
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Schulz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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18
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Eroglu E, Unal HU, Guclu A, Kocyigit I, Karaman M, Saglam M, Gezer M, Tas A, Zararsiz G, Eyileten T, Aydin İ, Oguz Y, Gungor O, Yilmaz MI. The association of profilin-1 levels with survival in chronic kidney disease. Eur J Clin Invest 2017; 47. [PMID: 28981140 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Profilin-1 is a ubiquitous, actin-binding protein that plays an important role in the regulation of actin polymerization and cytoskeleton remodelling and contributes to vascular dysfunction. We conducted this study to investigate the association of serum profilin-1 levels with fatal and nonfatal CVE in a cohort of patients with stage 1-5 CKD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum concentrations of profilin-1 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (flow-mediated dilatation [FMD]) and endothelium-independent vasodilatation (nitroglycerine-mediated dilatation [NMD]) of the brachial artery were assessed noninvasively, using high-resolution ultrasound. RESULTS Both fatal and nonfatal CVE were significantly higher in patients with high profilin-1 levels. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that patients with profilin-1 below the median value (114 pg/mL) had higher cumulative survival compared with patients who had profilin-1 levels above the median value (log-rank test, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study that demonstrates the serum profilin-1 is independently associated with endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular events and survival in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eray Eroglu
- Department of Nephrology, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hilmi U Unal
- Department of Nephrology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aydin Guclu
- Department of Nephrology, Ahi Evran University, Training and Research Hospital, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - Ismail Kocyigit
- Department of Nephrology, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Murat Karaman
- Department of Nephrology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mutlu Saglam
- Department of Radiology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Gezer
- Department of Nephrology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Tas
- Department of Biochemistry, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gokmen Zararsiz
- Department of Biostatistics, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Tayfun Eyileten
- Department of Nephrology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Aydin
- Department of Biochemistry, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Oguz
- Department of Nephrology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozkan Gungor
- Department of Nephrology, Sutcu Imam University School of Medicine, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Mahmut I Yilmaz
- Department of Nephrology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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19
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Cubedo J, Blasco A, Padró T, Ramaiola I, Juan-Babot O, Goicolea J, Fernández-Díaz J, Oteo J, Badimon L. Molecular signature of coronary stent thrombosis: oxidative stress and innate immunity cells. Thromb Haemost 2017. [DOI: 10.1160/th17-03-069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe clinical impact of in-stent thrombosis is high because it is associated with high mortality and 20 % of the patients suffer a recurrent event within the two following years. The aim of this study was to characterise the morphologic and proteomic profile of in-stent thrombi (IST) in comparison to thrombi developed on native coronary arteries (CT) to identify a differential molecular signature. The study included 45 patients with ST-elevation-myocardial-infarction (STEMI) treated by primary-percutaneous-intervention and thrombus aspiration: 21 had IST and 24 had CT. Thrombi were characterised by morphologic immunohistochemical analysis and differential proteomic profiling (2-DE+MALDI-TOF/TOF). Bioinformatic analysis revealed differences in proteins related to oxidative-stress and cell death/survival. IST showed a higher content of structural proteins (gelsolin, actin-cytoplasmic-1, tropomyosin, and myosin) together with an imbalance in redox-homeostasis related proteins (increased superoxide-dismutase and decreased peroxiredoxin-2 thrombus content), and a coordinated increase of chaperones (HSP60 and HSC70) and cellular quality control-related proteins (26S–protease-regulatory-subunit-7). These changes were reflected into a significant decrease in HSC70 systemic levels and a significant increase in advanced-oxidation-protein-products (AOPP) indicative of increased oxidative stress-mediated protein damage in IST. Our results reveal an imbalance in redox-related proteins indicative of an exacerbated oxidative-stress that leads to an accumulation of AOPP serum levels in IST. Moreover, the coordinated increase in chaperones and regulatory proteins reflects the activation of intracellular protection mechanisms to maintain protein integrity in IST. The failure to counterbalance the stress situation could trigger cellular apoptosis leading to the destabilization of the thrombus and to a worse prognosis of IST-STEMI-patients.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
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20
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Qi H, Yang S, Zhang L. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Endothelial Dysfunction in Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis. Front Immunol 2017; 8:928. [PMID: 28824648 PMCID: PMC5545592 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Neutrophils are a component of the innate immune system which protect against pathogen invasion; however, the contribution of neutrophils to cardiovascular disease has been underestimated, despite infiltration of leukocyte subsets being a known driving force of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. In addition to their function as phagocytes, neutrophils can release their extracellular chromatin, nuclear protein, and serine proteases to form net-like fiber structures, termed neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs can entrap pathogens, induce endothelial activation, and trigger coagulation, and have been detected in atherosclerotic and thrombotic lesions in both humans and mice. Moreover, NETs can induce endothelial dysfunction and trigger proinflammatory immune responses. Overall, current data indicate that NETs are not only present in plaques and thrombi but also have causative roles in triggering formation of atherosclerotic plaques and venous thrombi. This review is focused on published findings regarding NET-associated endothelial dysfunction during atherosclerosis, atherothrombosis, and venous thrombosis pathogenesis. The NET structure is a novel discovery that will find its appropriate place in our new understanding of cardiovascular disease. In addition, NETs have high potential to be further explored toward much better treatment of atherosclerosis and venous thromboembolism in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozhe Qi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuofei Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Cubedo J, Suades R, Padro T, Martin-Yuste V, Sabate-Tenas M, Cinca J, Sans-Rosello J, Sionis A, Badimon L. Erythrocyte-heme proteins and STEMI: implications in prognosis. Thromb Haemost 2017; 117:1970-1980. [PMID: 28837209 DOI: 10.1160/th17-05-0314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The role of erythrocytes in thrombus formation has been often neglected, but some studies have highlighted their active role in thrombotic events. Free-haemoglobin (Hb) has shown to induce oxidative-stress damage. Herein we have investigated the coordinated changes in heme-related proteins in patients with acute-coronary-syndromes (ACS), their association to ongoing thrombosis and their impact on patients' prognosis. The serum proteome of STEMI-patients (N=27) within the first 6h after event-onset and 3d after were compared to controls (N=60). Changes in heme-metabolism were characterized in a second STEMI-group by a dual proteomic approach analyzing in-vivo aspirated coronary thrombi at PCI (N=24) and the associated peripheral-blood changes (N=10). A third STEMI-group (N=132) was studied to analyze the impact of the observed changes in prognosis at 6-months-follow-up. The haptoglobin/hemopexin(Hpg/Hpx)-scavenging-system revealed a time-dependent response after STEMI with an early increase in Hpg circulating levels in the acute phase (P=0.01) and a late increase in Hpx levels 3d after (P=0.045). Beta-Hb content in coronary thrombi was directly correlated with systemic beta-Hb and Hpg (R=0.804,P=0.0029; R=0.859,P=0.0007) levels. The presence of a fully-occlusive thrombus was associated to higher circulating levels of beta-Hb (P=0.03) and unbound-Hpg (P=0.03). ELISA validation demonstrated a decreased survival rate at 6-months follow-up in STEMI-patients with lower Hpg plasma levels at admission (P=0.027). Our results show active Hb-release form erythrocytes in ACS. This release is followed by a systemic early increase in Hpg levels and a late increase in Hpx levels that can co-ordinately help to prevent systemic pro-oxidative effects. The Hb-scavenging ability of haptoglobin is related to patients' prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lina Badimon
- Prof. Lina Badimon, Cardiovascular Science Institute - ICCC, c/Sant Antoni MªClaret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 935565880, Fax: +34 935565559, E-mail:
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22
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Cubedo J, Padró T, Formiga F, Ferrer A, Padrós G, Peña E, Badimon L. Inflammation and hemostasis in older octogenarians: implication in 5-year survival. Transl Res 2017; 185:34-46.e9. [PMID: 28506697 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Social changes and medical advances have increased longevity, but the conditions governing healthy vs unhealthy cardiovascular (CV) aging are not fully known. Factors beyond classical CV risk factors may have an important unrecognized value. We sought to identify proteins differentially expressed in healthy octogenarians (HOs) without a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and preserved functional and cognitive state compared with octogenarians with a history of CVD and cognitive decline (UHOs) using a systems biology approach, and investigated how these proteins relate to CV mortality at 5-year follow-up. Plasmas obtained from older octogenarians (87 ± 0 years) were analyzed by 2-DE + MS and bioinformatic pathway analysis in HOs (N = 38) and UHOs with cognitive (MEC<25) and functional (Barthel<90) decline and a previous ischemic event (acute myocardial infarction and/or stroke; N = 27). Results were validated by ELISA in HOs and UHOs and in an additional group of older octogenarians without cognitive impairment but with a previous CVD manifestation (HO-CVD; N = 35). UHOs showed a coordinated change in several inflammation-related proteins (AMBP, RBP4, and ITIH4; P < 0.05), together with a significant increase in the major inducer of the acute-phase reaction, interleukin-6 (P = 0.03). UHOs also showed a coordinated increase in hemostatic proteins that was associated with an impairment of fibrinolysis and an increased 5-year CV mortality (P = 0.003). The combination of inflammation (ITIH4 and interleukin-6) and hemostatic markers (D-dimer, A2AP, and coagulation factor XIII) was able to discriminate the presence of an unhealthy phenotype in the elderly (AUC = 0.750; P = 0.001). Unhealthy older octogenarians show increased levels of several plasma proteins of inflammation and coagulation. In older octogenarians, the increase in hemostatic markers indicated an increase in 5-year CV mortality at follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Cubedo
- Cardiovascular Science Institute - ICCC, CiberCV and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Science Institute - ICCC, CiberCV and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Formiga
- Internal Medicine Service, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Assumpta Ferrer
- Primary Healthcare Centre El Plà CAP-I, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | - Esther Peña
- Cardiovascular Science Institute - ICCC, CiberCV and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Science Institute - ICCC, CiberCV and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Cardiovascular Research Chair UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
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23
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Análisis inmunohistológico del aspirado intracoronario en pacientes con IAMCEST: implicaciones clínicas de los hallazgos anatomopatológicos. Rev Esp Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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24
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Mokou M, Lygirou V, Vlahou A, Mischak H. Proteomics in cardiovascular disease: recent progress and clinical implication and implementation. Expert Rev Proteomics 2017; 14:117-136. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2017.1274653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marika Mokou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Lygirou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Vlahou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Harald Mischak
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Mosaiques Diagnostics, Hannover, Germany
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Fuijkschot WW, Groothuizen WE, Appelman Y, Radonic T, van Royen N, van Leeuwen MA, Krijnen PA, van der Wal AC, Smulders YM, Niessen HW. Inflammatory cell content of coronary thrombi is dependent on thrombus age in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. J Cardiol 2017; 69:394-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Navas-Carrillo D, Marín F, Valdés M, Orenes-Piñero E. Deciphering acute coronary syndrome biomarkers: High-resolution proteomics in platelets, thrombi and microparticles. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2016; 54:49-58. [DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2016.1241214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Navas-Carrillo
- Department of Surgery, Hospital de la Vega Lorenzo Guirao, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain,
| | - Francisco Marín
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, (IMIB-Arrixaca), Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain, and
| | - Mariano Valdés
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, (IMIB-Arrixaca), Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain, and
| | - Esteban Orenes-Piñero
- Proteomic Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Blasco A, Bellas C, Goicolea L, Muñiz A, Abraira V, Royuela A, Mingo S, Oteo JF, García-Touchard A, Goicolea FJ. Immunohistological Analysis of Intracoronary Thrombus Aspirate in STEMI Patients: Clinical Implications of Pathological Findings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 70:170-177. [PMID: 27745858 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Thrombus aspiration allows analysis of intracoronary material in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Our objective was to characterize this material by immunohistology and to study its possible association with patient progress. METHODS This study analyzed a prospective cohort of 142 patients undergoing primary angioplasty with positive coronary aspiration. Histological examination of aspirated samples included immunohistochemistry stains for the detection of plaque fragments. The statistical analysis comprised histological variables (thrombus age, degree of inflammation, presence of plaque), the patients' clinical and angiographic features, estimation of survival curves, and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Among the histological markers, only the presence of plaque (63% of samples) was associated with postinfarction clinical events. Factors associated with 5-year event-free survival were the presence of plaque in the aspirate (82.2% vs 66.0%; P = .033), smoking (82.5% smokers vs 66.7% nonsmokers; P = .036), culprit coronary artery (83.3% circumflex or right coronary artery vs 68.5% anterior descending artery; P = .042), final angiographic flow (80.8% II-III vs 30.0% 0-I; P < .001) and left ventricular ejection fraction ≥ 35% at discharge (83.7% vs 26.7%; P < .001). On multivariable Cox regression analysis with these variables, independent predictors of event-free survival were the presence of plaque (hazard ratio, 0.37; 95%CI, 0.18-0.77; P = .008), and left ventricular ejection fraction (hazard ratio, 0.92; 95%CI, 0.88-0.95; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The presence of plaque in the coronary aspirate of patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction may be an independent prognostic marker. CD68 immunohistochemical stain is a good method for plaque detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Blasco
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmen Bellas
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leyre Goicolea
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Muñiz
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Abraira
- Departamento de Estadística, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Royuela
- Departamento de Estadística, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Mingo
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Francisco Oteo
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arturo García-Touchard
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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Microparticles and blood cells induce procoagulant activity via phosphatidylserine exposure in NSTEMI patients following stent implantation. Int J Cardiol 2016; 223:121-128. [PMID: 27537737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.07.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relatively little is known about the role of phosphatidylserine (PS) in procoagulant activity (PCA) in patients with non-ST-elevated myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) after stent implantation. This study was designed to evaluate whether exposed PS on microparticles (MPs) and blood cells were involved in the hypercoagulable state in NSTEMI patients with stent implantation. METHODS NSTEMI patients (n=90) and healthy controls (n=20) were included in our study. PS exposure on MPs and blood cells was analyzed with flow cytometer and confocal microscope. PCA was evaluated by clotting time, purified coagulation complex assays and fibrin production assays. RESULTS Baseline levels of MPs and PS+ blood cells were significantly higher (P<0.001) in the patients than in controls. After stent implantation, a remarkable increase was observed in both MPs and PS+ blood cells. Specifically, PS+ MPs, PS+ platelets and erythrocytes peaked at 18h following stent implantation, while PS+ leukocytes peaked on day 2. In addition, circulating MPs (mostly derived from platelets, leukocytes, erythrocytes and endothelial cells) cooperating with PS+ blood cells, contributed to markedly shortened coagulation time and markedly increased FXa/thrombin/fibrin (all P<0.01) generation in patient group. Moreover, blockade of exposed PS on MPs and cells with lactadherin inhibited PCA by approximately 70%. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that PS+ MPs and blood cells play a procoagulant role in NSTEMI patients following stent implantation. Blockade of PS could become a novel therapeutic modality for the prevention of thrombosis in these patients.
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Abstract
In recent years, the traditional view of the hemostatic system as being regulated by a coagulation factor cascade coupled with platelet activation has been increasingly challenged by new evidence that activation of the immune system strongly influences blood coagulation and pathological thrombus formation. Leukocytes can be induced to express tissue factor and release proinflammatory and procoagulant molecules such as granular enzymes, cytokines, and damage-associated molecular patterns. These mediators can influence all aspects of thrombus formation, including platelet activation and adhesion, and activation of the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways. Leukocyte-released procoagulant mediators increase systemic thrombogenicity, and leukocytes are actively recruited to the site of thrombus formation through interactions with platelets and endothelial cell adhesion molecules. Additionally, phagocytic leukocytes are involved in fibrinolysis and thrombus resolution, and can regulate clearance of platelets and coagulation factors. Dysregulated activation of leukocyte innate immune functions thus plays a role in pathological thrombus formation. Modulation of the interactions between leukocytes or leukocyte-derived procoagulant materials and the traditional hemostatic system is an attractive target for the development of novel antithrombotic strategies.
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Ribeiro DRP, Cambruzzi E, Schmidt MM, Quadros AS. Thrombosis in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from thrombi retrieved by aspiration thrombectomy. World J Cardiol 2016; 8:362-367. [PMID: 27354893 PMCID: PMC4919703 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v8.i6.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, recurrent cardiovascular events still remain the main cause of morbidity and mortality, despite significant improvements in antithrombotic therapy. We sought to review data regarding coronary thrombus analysis provided by studies using manual aspiration thrombectomy (AT), and to discuss how insights from this line of investigation could further improve management of acute coronary disease. Several studies investigated the fresh specimens retrieved by AT using techniques such as traditional morphological evaluation, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, magnetic resonance imaging, and immunohistochemistry. These approaches have provided a better understanding of the composition and dynamics of the human coronary thrombosis process, as well as its relationship with some clinical outcomes. Recent data signaling to new antithrombotic therapeutic targets are still emerging.
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Vélez P, Ocaranza-Sánchez R, López-Otero D, Grigorian-Shamagian L, Rosa I, Bravo SB, González-Juanatey JR, García Á. 2D-DIGE-based proteomic analysis of intracoronary versus peripheral arterial blood platelets from acute myocardial infarction patients: Upregulation of platelet activation biomarkers at the culprit site. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:851-8. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Vélez
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS); Universidade de Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS); Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Raymundo Ocaranza-Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS); Santiago de Compostela Spain
- Cardiology Department and Coronary Care Unit; Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago; Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Diego López-Otero
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS); Santiago de Compostela Spain
- Cardiology Department and Coronary Care Unit; Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago; Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | | | - Isaac Rosa
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS); Universidade de Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS); Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Susana Belén Bravo
- Proteomic Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS); Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago; Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - José Ramón González-Juanatey
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS); Santiago de Compostela Spain
- Cardiology Department and Coronary Care Unit; Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago; Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Ángel García
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS); Universidade de Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS); Santiago de Compostela Spain
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Dangas GD, Schoos MM, Steg PG, Mehran R, Clemmensen P, van ‘t Hof A, Prats J, Bernstein D, Deliargyris EN, Stone GW. Early Stent Thrombosis and Mortality After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2016; 9:e003272. [DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.115.003272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George D. Dangas
- From the Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY (G.D.D., M.M.S., R.M.); Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY (G.D.D., R.M., G.W.S.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.M.S., P.C.); French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Fibrosis, Inflammation, Remodelling, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France (P.G.S.); INSERM U-1148, Paris, France (P.G.S.); Department of Cardiology,
| | - Mikkel M. Schoos
- From the Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY (G.D.D., M.M.S., R.M.); Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY (G.D.D., R.M., G.W.S.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.M.S., P.C.); French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Fibrosis, Inflammation, Remodelling, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France (P.G.S.); INSERM U-1148, Paris, France (P.G.S.); Department of Cardiology,
| | - Philippe Gabriel Steg
- From the Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY (G.D.D., M.M.S., R.M.); Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY (G.D.D., R.M., G.W.S.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.M.S., P.C.); French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Fibrosis, Inflammation, Remodelling, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France (P.G.S.); INSERM U-1148, Paris, France (P.G.S.); Department of Cardiology,
| | - Roxana Mehran
- From the Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY (G.D.D., M.M.S., R.M.); Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY (G.D.D., R.M., G.W.S.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.M.S., P.C.); French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Fibrosis, Inflammation, Remodelling, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France (P.G.S.); INSERM U-1148, Paris, France (P.G.S.); Department of Cardiology,
| | - Peter Clemmensen
- From the Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY (G.D.D., M.M.S., R.M.); Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY (G.D.D., R.M., G.W.S.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.M.S., P.C.); French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Fibrosis, Inflammation, Remodelling, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France (P.G.S.); INSERM U-1148, Paris, France (P.G.S.); Department of Cardiology,
| | - Arnoud van ‘t Hof
- From the Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY (G.D.D., M.M.S., R.M.); Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY (G.D.D., R.M., G.W.S.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.M.S., P.C.); French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Fibrosis, Inflammation, Remodelling, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France (P.G.S.); INSERM U-1148, Paris, France (P.G.S.); Department of Cardiology,
| | - Jayne Prats
- From the Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY (G.D.D., M.M.S., R.M.); Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY (G.D.D., R.M., G.W.S.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.M.S., P.C.); French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Fibrosis, Inflammation, Remodelling, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France (P.G.S.); INSERM U-1148, Paris, France (P.G.S.); Department of Cardiology,
| | - Debra Bernstein
- From the Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY (G.D.D., M.M.S., R.M.); Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY (G.D.D., R.M., G.W.S.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.M.S., P.C.); French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Fibrosis, Inflammation, Remodelling, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France (P.G.S.); INSERM U-1148, Paris, France (P.G.S.); Department of Cardiology,
| | - Efthymios N. Deliargyris
- From the Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY (G.D.D., M.M.S., R.M.); Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY (G.D.D., R.M., G.W.S.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.M.S., P.C.); French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Fibrosis, Inflammation, Remodelling, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France (P.G.S.); INSERM U-1148, Paris, France (P.G.S.); Department of Cardiology,
| | - Gregg W. Stone
- From the Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY (G.D.D., M.M.S., R.M.); Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY (G.D.D., R.M., G.W.S.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.M.S., P.C.); French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Fibrosis, Inflammation, Remodelling, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France (P.G.S.); INSERM U-1148, Paris, France (P.G.S.); Department of Cardiology,
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Cubedo J, Padró T, Alonso R, Mata P, Badimon L. ApoL1 levels in high density lipoprotein and cardiovascular event presentation in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:1059-73. [PMID: 27112635 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p061598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
HDL composition rather than HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels seems to be a key determinant of HDL-induced atheroprotection. Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients, with lifelong exposure to high LDL levels, show a high prevalence of premature coronary artery disease. We hypothesized that HDL of FH patients might have a modified protein composition and investigated the proteomic signature of HDL obtained from FH patients and their unaffected relatives. HDLs were characterized by 2D electrophoresis/MS in 10 families from the SAFEHEART cohort (3 individuals/family: 2 with genetic FH diagnosis and 1 non-FH relative) clinically characterized and treated as per guidelines. FH patients had lower apoA-I levels and a differential HDL distribution profile of apoL1 and apoA-IV. ELISA validation revealed decreased apoL1 serum levels in FH patients. ApoL1 levels were able to predict presentation of an ischemic cardiac event, and apoL1/HDL-C ratio was associated with the survival rate after the event. FH patients who died because of a fatal cardiac event had lower apoL1 and LCAT content in HDL3 an average of 3.5 years before the event than those who survived. Changes in HDL protein composition could affect patients' prognosis. The proteomic profile of apoL1 is modified in HDLs of high cardiovascular risk patients, and apoL1 plasma levels are significantly lower in serum and in HDL3 of patients that will suffer an adverse cardiac event within 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Cubedo
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), Barcelona, Spain Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), Barcelona, Spain Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Pedro Mata
- Fundación Hipercolesterolemia Familiar, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), Barcelona, Spain Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain Cardiovascular Research Chair, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
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Sambola A, García Del Blanco B, Ruiz-Meana M, Francisco J, Barrabés JA, Figueras J, Bañeras J, Otaegui I, Rojas A, Vilardosa Ú, Montaner J, García-Dorado D. Increased von Willebrand factor, P-selectin and fibrin content in occlusive thrombus resistant to lytic therapy. Thromb Haemost 2016; 115:1129-37. [PMID: 26962963 DOI: 10.1160/th15-12-0985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic fibrinolysis is ineffective in 40 % of ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, but understanding of the mechanisms is incomplete. It was our aim to compare the composition of coronary thrombus in lysis-resistant STEMI patients with that of lysis-sensitive patients. Intracoronary thrombi (n=64) were obtained by aspiration in consecutive STEMI patients. Of them, 20 had received fibrinolysis and underwent rescue percutaneous coronary intervention (r-PCI, lysis-resistant patients) and 44 underwent primary PCI (p-PCI). Lysis-sensitivity was determined in vitro by clot permeability measurements and turbidimetric lysis in plasma of 44 patients undergoing p-PCI and 20 healthy donors. Clot-lysis sensitivity was defined as a clot-lysis time not greater than 1 SD over the mean of healthy donors. Coronary thrombus composition in 20 lysis-resistant and in 20 lysis-sensitive patients was analysed by immunofluorescence with confocal microscopy. Plasma biomarkers (P-selectin, VWF, PAI-1, t-PA, D-dimer, TF pathway markers, plasmin and CD34+) were measured simultaneously on peripheral blood. Lysis-resistant clots had higher levels of fibrin (p=0.02), P-selectin (p=0.03) and VWF (p=0.01) than lysis-sensitive clots. Among thrombi obtained ≤ 6 hours after onset of symptoms, those from lysis-resistant patients showed a higher content in fibrin than those from p-PCI patients (p=0.01). Plasma PAI-1 (p=0.02) and D-dimer levels were significantly higher (p=0.003) in lysis-resistant patients, whereas plasmin levels were lower (p=0.03). Multivariate analysis showed the content of fibrin and VWF within thrombus as predictors of thrombolysis resistance. In conclusion, coronary thrombi in STEMI patients resistant to fibrinolysis are characterised by higher fibrin, P-selectin and VWF content than lysis-sensitive thrombi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Sambola
- Antonia Sambola, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, P. Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 932746002, Fax: +34 932746063, E-mail:
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De Caterina R, Husted S, Wallentin L, Andreotti F, Arnesen H, Bachmann F, Baigent C, Collet JP, Halvorsen S, Huber K, Jespersen J, Kristensen SD, Lip GYH, Morais J, Rasmussen LH, Ricci F, Sibbing D, Siegbahn A, Storey RF, Ten Berg J, Verheugt FWA, Weitz JI. Oral anticoagulants in coronary heart disease (Section IV). Position paper of the ESC Working Group on Thrombosis - Task Force on Anticoagulants in Heart Disease. Thromb Haemost 2016; 115:685-711. [PMID: 26952877 DOI: 10.1160/th15-09-0703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) were the only available oral anticoagulants evaluated for long-term treatment of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), particularly after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Despite efficacy in this setting, VKAs are rarely used because they are cumbersome to administer. Instead, the more readily manageable antiplatelet agents are the mainstay of prevention in ACS patients. This situation has the potential to change with the introduction of non-VKA oral anticoagulants (NOACs), which are easier to administer than VKAs because they can be given in fixed doses without routine coagulation monitoring. The NOACs include dabigatran, which inhibits thrombin, and apixaban, rivaroxaban and edoxaban, which inhibit factor Xa. Apixaban and rivaroxaban were evaluated in phase III trials for prevention of recurrent ischaemia in ACS patients, most of whom were also receiving dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel. Although at the doses tested rivaroxaban was effective and apixaban was not, both agents increased major bleeding. The role for the NOACs in ACS management, although promising, is therefore complicated, because it is uncertain how they compare with newer antiplatelet agents, such as prasugrel, ticagrelor or vorapaxar, and because their safety in combination with these other drugs is unknown. Ongoing studies are also now evaluating the use of NOACs in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients, where their role is established, with coexistent ACS or coronary stenting. Focusing on CHD, we review the results of clinical trials with the NOACs and provide a perspective on their future incorporation into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele De Caterina
- Raffaele De Caterina, MD, PhD, Institute of Cardiology, "G. d'Annunzio" University - Chieti, Ospedale SS. Annunziata, Via dei Vestini, 66013 Chieti, Italy, E-mail:
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Suades R, Padró T, Crespo J, Ramaiola I, Martin-Yuste V, Sabaté M, Sans-Roselló J, Sionis A, Badimon L. Circulating microparticle signature in coronary and peripheral blood of ST elevation myocardial infarction patients in relation to pain-to-PCI elapsed time. Int J Cardiol 2016; 202:378-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Dominguez-Rodriguez A, Abreu-Gonzalez P, Consuegra-Sanchez L, Avanzas P, Sanchez-Grande A, Conesa-Zamora P. Thrombus Aspirated from Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Association between 3-Nitrotyrosine and Inflammatory Markers - Insights from ARTERIA Study. Int J Med Sci 2016; 13:477-82. [PMID: 27429583 PMCID: PMC4946117 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.15463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that inflammatory cells are a component that plays a role in thrombus formation in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NO2-Tyr), a specific marker for protein modification by nitric oxide-derived oxidants, is increased in human atherosclerotic lesions. The purpose of this study was to determine the possible association of inflammatory markers of coronary thrombi with nitroxidative stress. Intracoronary thrombus (n=51) and blood from the systemic circulation were obtained by thromboaspiration in 138 consecutive STEMI patients presenting for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Each blood and intracoronary thrombus were measured simultaneously the following biomarkers: C-reactive protein (CRP), 3-NO2-Tyr, soluble CD 40 ligand (sCD40L), vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and haemoglobin content (only in coronary thrombus). Time delay in minutes from symptom onset to PCI was 244 ± 324. Serum CRP was positively correlated to CRP content in the thrombus (r= 0.395; p = 0.02) and serum sCD40L was negatively correlated to sCD40L in the thrombus (r= -0.394; p = 0.02). Patients were divided into tertiles according to thrombi 3-NO2-Tyr concentration: 1(st)tertile (<0.146ng/mg), 2(nd)tertile (0.146-0.485ng/mg) and 3(rd)tertile (>0.485ng/mg). Thus, thrombus in the highest tertile had significantly higher levels of CRP (p=0.002), VCAM-1 (p=0.003) and haemoglobin (p=0.002). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that coronary thrombi with higher levels of 3-NO2-Tyr content often contain more inflammatory markers which could have a direct impact on the efficacy of drugs or devices used for coronary reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Dominguez-Rodriguez
- 1. Hospital Universitario de Canarias. Servicio de Cardiología. Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Spain.; 2. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Europea de Canarias. La Orotava. Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Spain
| | - Pedro Abreu-Gonzalez
- 3. Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas (Unidad de Fisiología), Universidad de La Laguna. Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Spain
| | | | - Pablo Avanzas
- 5. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Área del Corazón. Oviedo. Spain
| | | | - Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- 6. Hospital Universitario de Santa Lucía de Cartagena, Servicio de Anatomía Patológica. Murcia. Spain
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De Luca G, Savonitto S, van’t Hof AWJ, Suryapranata H. Platelet GP IIb-IIIa Receptor Antagonists in Primary Angioplasty: Back to the Future. Drugs 2015; 75:1229-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s40265-015-0425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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40
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Lüscher
- Editor-in-Chief, Zurich Heart House, Careum Campus, Moussonstrasse 4, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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Hoefer IE, Steffens S, Ala-Korpela M, Bäck M, Badimon L, Bochaton-Piallat ML, Boulanger CM, Caligiuri G, Dimmeler S, Egido J, Evans PC, Guzik T, Kwak BR, Landmesser U, Mayr M, Monaco C, Pasterkamp G, Tuñón J, Weber C. Novel methodologies for biomarker discovery in atherosclerosis. Eur Heart J 2015; 36:2635-42. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Badimon L, Vilahur G. Neutrophil extracellular traps: a new source of tissue factor in atherothrombosis. Eur Heart J 2015; 36:1364-6. [PMID: 25845929 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain Cardiovascular Research Chair, UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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