1
|
Kandolin M, Pöyhönen M, Jakkula E. Estimation of carrier frequencies utilizing the gnomAD database for ACMG recommended carrier screening and Finnish disease heritage conditions in non-Finnish European, Finnish, and Ashkenazi Jewish populations. Am J Med Genet A 2024:e63588. [PMID: 38459613 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) recommends offering Tier 3 carrier screening to pregnant patients and those planning a pregnancy for conditions with a carrier frequency of ≥1/200 (96 genes for autosomal recessive [AR] conditions). Certain AR conditions referred to as Finnish disease heritage (FINDIS) have a higher prevalence in Finland than elsewhere. Data from gnomAD v2.1 were extracted to assess carrier frequencies for ACMG-recommended AR and FINDIS AR and X-linked genes in Finnish, non-Finnish European, and Ashkenazi Jewish populations. Following variants were considered: ClinVar pathogenic or likely pathogenic, loss-of-function, and Finnish founder variants. Gene carrier (GCR), cumulative carrier (CCR), and at-risk couple rates (ACR) were estimated. In Finnish population, 47 genes had a GCR of ≥0.5%. CCRs were 52.7% (Finnish), 48.9% (non-Finnish European), and 58.3% (Ashkenazi Jewish), whereas ACRs were 1.4%, 0.93%, and 2.3% respectively. Approximately 141 affected children with analyzed AR conditions are estimated to be born in Finland annually. Eighteen genes causing FINDIS conditions had a GCR of ≥0.5% in the Finnish population but were absent in the ACMG Tier 3 gene list. Two genes (RECQL4 and RMRP) had GCR of ≥0.5% either in non-Finnish Europeans or Ashkenazi Jewish populations. Results highlight the need for careful curation of carrier screening panels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miska Kandolin
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, HUSLAB, Diagnostic Center, HUH, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Minna Pöyhönen
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, HUSLAB, Diagnostic Center, HUH, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eveliina Jakkula
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, HUSLAB, Diagnostic Center, HUH, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Uusimaa J, Kettunen J, Varilo T, Järvelä I, Kallijärvi J, Kääriäinen H, Laine M, Lapatto R, Myllynen P, Niinikoski H, Rahikkala E, Suomalainen A, Tikkanen R, Tyynismaa H, Vieira P, Zarybnicky T, Sipilä P, Kuure S, Hinttala R. The Finnish genetic heritage in 2022 – from diagnosis to translational research. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:278566. [PMID: 36285626 PMCID: PMC9637267 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated populations have been valuable for the discovery of rare monogenic diseases and their causative genetic variants. Finnish disease heritage (FDH) is an example of a group of hereditary monogenic disorders caused by single major, usually autosomal-recessive, variants enriched in the population due to several past genetic drift events. Interestingly, distinct subpopulations have remained in Finland and have maintained their unique genetic repertoire. Thus, FDH diseases have persisted, facilitating vigorous research on the underlying molecular mechanisms and development of treatment options. This Review summarizes the current status of FDH, including the most recently discovered FDH disorders, and introduces a set of other recently identified diseases that share common features with the traditional FDH diseases. The Review also discusses a new era for population-based studies, which combine various forms of big data to identify novel genotype–phenotype associations behind more complex conditions, as exemplified here by the FinnGen project. In addition to the pathogenic variants with an unequivocal causative role in the disease phenotype, several risk alleles that correlate with certain phenotypic features have been identified among the Finns, further emphasizing the broad value of studying genetically isolated populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Uusimaa
- Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital 1 , 90029 Oulu , Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu 2 , 90014 Oulu , Finland
| | - Johannes Kettunen
- Computational Medicine, Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu 3 , 90014 Oulu , Finland
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare 4 , 00271 Helsinki
- Finland 4 , 00271 Helsinki
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu 5 , 90014 Oulu , Finland
| | - Teppo Varilo
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare 4 , 00271 Helsinki
- Finland 4 , 00271 Helsinki
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki 6 , 00251 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Irma Järvelä
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki 6 , 00251 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Jukka Kallijärvi
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center 7 , 00014 Helsinki , Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki 8 , 00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Helena Kääriäinen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare 4 , 00271 Helsinki
- Finland 4 , 00271 Helsinki
| | - Minna Laine
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki 9 , 00029 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Risto Lapatto
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital 10 , 00029 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Päivi Myllynen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Northern Finland Laboratory Centre NordLab, Oulu University Hospital 11 , 90029 Oulu , Finland
| | - Harri Niinikoski
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku 12 , 20014 Turku , Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku 13 , 20014 Turku , Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital 14 , 20014 Turku , Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital 15 , 20014 Turku , Finland
| | - Elisa Rahikkala
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu 2 , 90014 Oulu , Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital 16 , 90029 Oulu , Finland
| | - Anu Suomalainen
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki 8 , 00014 Helsinki , Finland
- HUS Diagnostics, Helsinki University Hospital 17 , 00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Ritva Tikkanen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Giessen 18 , D-35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Henna Tyynismaa
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki 8 , 00014 Helsinki , Finland
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki 19 , 00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Päivi Vieira
- Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital 1 , 90029 Oulu , Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu 2 , 90014 Oulu , Finland
| | - Tomas Zarybnicky
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki 8 , 00014 Helsinki , Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki 20 , 00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Petra Sipilä
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku 12 , 20014 Turku , Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku 21 , 20014 Turku , Finland
| | - Satu Kuure
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki 8 , 00014 Helsinki , Finland
- GM-Unit, Laboratory Animal Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki 22 , 00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Reetta Hinttala
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu 2 , 90014 Oulu , Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu 5 , 90014 Oulu , Finland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Randon DN, Sperb-Ludwig F, Vianna FSL, Becker APP, Vargas CR, Sitta A, Sant'Ana AN, Schwartz IVD, Bitencourt FHD. Prevalence of the most common pathogenic variants in three genes for inborn errors of metabolism associated with sudden unexpected death in infancy: a population-based study in south Brazil. Genet Mol Biol 2020; 43:20190298. [PMID: 32706845 PMCID: PMC7380325 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2019-0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrullinemia type 1 (CTLNI), long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
deficiency (LCHADD), and mut0 methylmalonic acidemia (mut0
MMA) are inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) associated with sudden unexpected
death in infancy (SUDI). Its most common pathogenic variants are:
c.1168G>A (CTLNI, ASS1 gene), c.1528G>C (LCHADD,
HADHA gene), c.655A>T and c.1106G>A
(mut0 MMA, MUT gene). Considering the absence of
estimates regarding the incidence of these diseases in Brazil, this study sought
to investigate the prevalence of its main pathogenic variants in a healthy
population in the southern region of the country. A total of 1,000 healthy
subjects from Rio Grande do Sul were included. Genotyping was performed by
real-time PCR. Individuals found to be heterozygous for c.1528G>C
underwent further acylcarnitine profile analysis by tandem mass
spectrophotometry. Allele and genotype frequencies were calculated considering
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The c.1528G>C variant was detected in
heterozygosity in two subjects (carrier frequency = 1:500; allele frequency =
0.001; minimum prevalence of LCHADD = 1: 1,000,000), whose acylcarnitine
profiles were normal. Variants c.1168G>A, c.655A>T, and
c.1106G>A were not identified. These results denote the rarity of these
IEMs in Southern Brazil, highlighting the need to expand the investigation of
IEMs in relation to infant morbidity and mortality within the country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dévora N Randon
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences (BRAIN), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Sperb-Ludwig
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences (BRAIN), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S L Vianna
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Laboratório de Medicina Genômica, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Departamento de Genética, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana P P Becker
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Faculdade de Medicina, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carmen R Vargas
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Faculdade de Farmácia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angela Sitta
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Serviço de Genética Médica, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexia N Sant'Ana
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ida V D Schwartz
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences (BRAIN), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Serviço de Genética Médica, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Departamento de Genética, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda H de Bitencourt
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Marques AM, Ananina G, Costa VP, de Vasconcellos JPC, de Melo MB. Estimating the age of the p.Cys433Arg variant in the MYOC gene in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207409. [PMID: 30444892 PMCID: PMC6239314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the age of the Cys433Arg (c.1297T>C, p.Cys433Arg) variant by comparing the genotypes of individuals affected and not affected by primary open angle glaucoma juvenile onset (JOAG). Our sample consisted of 35 JOAG-affected individuals from three families, 16 unrelated patients with the MYOC p.Cys433Arg variant and 16 unaffected individuals. Genomic DNA was amplified by PCR; nine short tandem repeats were genotyped through automated electrophoresis and three single nucleotide polymorphisms through Sanger sequencing. The determination of haplotypes was performed using Arlequin software and age estimation was performed using DMLE+ 2.3 and BDMC21 softwares. Four markers constituted the haplotypes associated with the p.Cys433Arg variant. The software DMLE+2.3 predicted an age of 43 generations for this variant with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 28 to 76 generations (560-1520 years) and BDMC21 predicted an age of 59 generations (1180 years) (95% CI: 40 to 100).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Marques
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Galina Ananina
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vital Paulino Costa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Paulo Cabral de Vasconcellos
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mônica Barbosa de Melo
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nedoszytko B, Siemińska A, Strapagiel D, Dąbrowski S, Słomka M, Sobalska-Kwapis M, Marciniak B, Wierzba J, Skokowski J, Fijałkowski M, Nowicki R, Kalinowski L. High prevalence of carriers of variant c.1528G>C of HADHA gene causing long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (LCHADD) in the population of adult Kashubians from North Poland. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187365. [PMID: 29095929 PMCID: PMC5667839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives The mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids is a complex catabolic pathway. One of the enzymes of this pathway is the heterooctameric mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP), composed of four α- and β-subunits. Mutations in MTP genes (HADHA and HADHB), both located on chromosome 2p23, cause MTP deficiency, a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder characterized by decreased activity of MTP. The most common MTP mutation is long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiency caused by the c.1528G>C (rs137852769, p.Glu510Gln) substitution in exon 15 of the HADHA gene. Subjects/Methods We analyzed the frequency of genetic variants in the HADHA gene in the adults of Kashubian origin from North Poland and compared this data in other Polish provinces. Results We found a significantly higher frequency of HDHA c.1528G>C (rs137852769, p.Glu510Gln) carriers among Kashubians (1/57) compared to subjects from other regions of Poland (1/187). We found higher frequency of c.652G>C (rs71441018, pVal218Leu) polymorphism in the HADHA gene within population of Silesia, southern Poland (1/107) compared to other regions. Conclusion Our study indicate described high frequency of c.1528G>C variant of HADHA gene in Kashubian population, suggesting the founder effect. For the first time we have found high frequency of rs71441018 in the South Poland Silesian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bogusław Nedoszytko
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
- * E-mail: (BN); (DS)
| | - Alicja Siemińska
- Department of Pneumonology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dominik Strapagiel
- Biobank Lab, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- BBMRI.pl Consortium, Wrocław, Poland
- * E-mail: (BN); (DS)
| | | | - Marcin Słomka
- Biobank Lab, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- BBMRI.pl Consortium, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Sobalska-Kwapis
- Biobank Lab, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- BBMRI.pl Consortium, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Błażej Marciniak
- Biobank Lab, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- BBMRI.pl Consortium, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jolanta Wierzba
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jarosław Skokowski
- BBMRI.pl Consortium, Wrocław, Poland
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marcin Fijałkowski
- I Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Roman Nowicki
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Leszek Kalinowski
- BBMRI.pl Consortium, Wrocław, Poland
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostic, Central Bank of Frozen Tissues and Genetic Specimens, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Genetics in an isolated population like Finland: a different basis for genomic medicine? J Community Genet 2017; 8:319-326. [PMID: 28730583 PMCID: PMC5614886 DOI: 10.1007/s12687-017-0318-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A unique genetic background in an isolated population like that of Finland offers special opportunities for genetic research as well as for applying the genetic developments to the health care. On the other hand, the different genetic background may require local attempts to develop diagnostics and treatment as the selection of diseases and mutations differs from that in the other populations. In this review, we describe the experiences of research and health care in this genetic isolate starting from the identification of specific monogenic diseases enriched in the Finnish population all the way to implementing the knowledge of the unique genetic background to genomic medicine at population level.
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
McGirr A, Cusimano MD. Does idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) run in families? J Neurol Sci 2016; 368:128-9. [PMID: 27538614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander McGirr
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Michael D Cusimano
- Division of Neurosurgery, St-Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Familial idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. J Neurol Sci 2016; 368:11-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
10
|
Philips A, Pinelli M, de Bie C, Mustonen A, Määttä T, Arts H, Wu K, Roepman R, Moilanen J, Raza S, Varilo T, Scala G, Cocozza S, Gilissen C, van Gassen K, Järvelä I. Identification ofC12orf4as a gene for autosomal recessive intellectual disability. Clin Genet 2016; 91:100-105. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A.K. Philips
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - M. Pinelli
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Centre for Neuroscience; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen the Netherlands
- The Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM); Naples Italy
| | - C.I. de Bie
- Department of Genetics; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - A. Mustonen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu; Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
| | - T. Määttä
- Disability Services; Joint Authority for Kainuu; Kainuu Finland
| | - H.H. Arts
- Department of Human Genetics; Radboud University of Molecular Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen the Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada
| | - K. Wu
- Department of Human Genetics; Radboud University of Molecular Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - R. Roepman
- Department of Human Genetics; Radboud University of Molecular Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - J.S. Moilanen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu; Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
| | - S. Raza
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - T. Varilo
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - G. Scala
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche; Università Degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”; Naples Italy
| | - S. Cocozza
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche; Università Degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”; Naples Italy
| | - C. Gilissen
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Centre for Neuroscience; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - K.L.I. van Gassen
- Department of Genetics; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - I. Järvelä
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gal M, Khermesh K, Barak M, Lin M, Lahat H, Reznik Wolf H, Lin M, Pras E, Levanon EY. Expanding preconception carrier screening for the Jewish population using high throughput microfluidics technology and next generation sequencing. BMC Med Genomics 2016; 9:24. [PMID: 27175728 PMCID: PMC4865987 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-016-0184-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic screening to identify carriers of autosomal recessive diseases has become an integral part of routine prenatal care. In spite of the rapid growth of known mutations, most current screening programs include only a small subset of these mutations, and are performed using diverse molecular techniques, which are generally labor-intensive and time consuming. We examine the implementation of the combined high-throughput technologies of specific target amplification and next generation sequencing (NGS), for expanding the carrier screening program in the Israeli Jewish population as a test case. Methods We compiled a panel of 370 germline mutations, causing 120 disorders, previously identified in affected Jewish individuals from different ethnicities. This mutation panel was simultaneously captured in 48 samples using a multiplex PCR-based microfluidics approach followed by NGS, thereby performing 17,760 individual assays in a single experiment. Results The sensitivity (measured with depth of at least 50×) and specificity of the target capture was 98 and 95 % respectively, leaving minimal rate of inconclusive tests per sample tested. 97 % of the targeted mutations present in the samples were correctly identified and validated. Conclusion Our methodology was shown to successfully combine multiplexing of target specific primers, samples indexing and NGS technology for population genetic screens. Moreover, it’s relatively ease of use and flexibility of updating the targets screened, makes it highly suitable for clinical implementation. This protocol was demonstrated in pre-conceptional screening for pan-Jewish individuals, but can be applied to any other population or different sets of mutations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12920-016-0184-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moran Gal
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Khen Khermesh
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Michal Barak
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Min Lin
- Fluidigm corporation, South San Francisco, California
| | - Hadas Lahat
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Haike Reznik Wolf
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Michael Lin
- Fluidigm corporation, South San Francisco, California
| | - Elon Pras
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Erez Y Levanon
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Immonen T, Turanlahti M, Paganus A, Keskinen P, Tyni T, Lapatto R. Earlier diagnosis and strict diets improve the survival rate and clinical course of long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Acta Paediatr 2016; 105:549-54. [PMID: 26676313 DOI: 10.1111/apa.13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (LCHADD) is a severe metabolic disease that, without treatment, often leads to premature death or serious handicap. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical course of LCHADD with the homozygous 1528G>C (E510Q) mutation when patients underwent strict dietary treatment. METHODS From 1997 to 2010, 16 patients with LCHADD were diagnosed in Finland. They were followed up, and data were prospectively collected as they emerged. Clinical data before diagnosis were retrospectively collected from hospital records. This cohort was compared with an earlier cohort of patients diagnosed from 1976 to 1996. RESULTS The disease presented from birth to five months of age with failure to thrive, hypotonia, hepatomegaly, metabolic acidosis, cardiomyopathy and hypoketotic hypoglycaemia. In this cohort, the therapeutic delay was 0-30 days and the survival rate at the end of the study was 62.5% compared with 10-year survival rate of 14.3% for the earlier cohort. The survivors were in good overall condition, but some of them had developed mild retinopathy or mild neuropathy. CONCLUSION Earlier diagnosis and stricter dietary regimes improved the survival rates and clinical course of patients with LCHADD in Finland. However, improvements in therapy are still needed to prevent the development of long-term complications, such as retinopathy and neuropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuuli Immonen
- Children's Hospital; University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - Maila Turanlahti
- Children's Hospital; University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - Aila Paganus
- Children's Hospital; University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - Päivi Keskinen
- Pediatric Research Centre; University of Tampere; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Tiina Tyni
- Children's Hospital; University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - Risto Lapatto
- Children's Hospital; University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Immonen T, Ahola E, Toppila J, Lapatto R, Tyni T, Lauronen L. Peripheral neuropathy in patients with long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency - A follow-up EMG study of 12 patients. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2016; 20:38-44. [PMID: 26653362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neonatal screening and early start of the dietary therapy have improved the outcome of long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (LCHADD). The acute symptoms of LCHADD are hypoketotic hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, hepatopathy and rhabdomyolysis. Long term complications are retinopathy and neuropathy. Speculated etiology of these long term complications are the accumulation and toxicity of hydroxylacylcarnitines and long-chain fatty acid metabolites or deficiency of essential fatty acids. AIMS To study the possible development of polyneuropathy in LCHADD patients with current dietary regimen. METHODS Development of polyneuropathy in 12 LCHADD patients with the homozygous common mutation c.G1528C was evaluated with electroneurography (ENG) studies. The ENG was done 1-12 times to each patient, between the ages of 3 and 40 years. Clinical data of the patients were collected from the patient records. RESULTS The first sign of polyneuropathy was detected between the ages of 6-12 years, the first abnormality being reduction of the sensory amplitudes of the sural nerves. With time, progression was detected by abnormalities in sensory responses extending to upper limbs, as well as abnormalities in motor responses in lower limbs. Altogether, eight of the patients had polyneuropathy, despite good compliancy of the diet. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to report the evolution of polyneuropathy with clinical neurophysiological methods in a relative large LCHADD patient group. Despite early start, and good compliance of the therapy, 6/10 of the younger patients developed neuropathy. However, in most patients the polyneuropathy was less severe than previously described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuuli Immonen
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland.
| | - Emilia Ahola
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Jussi Toppila
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Finland
| | - Risto Lapatto
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Tiina Tyni
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Leena Lauronen
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
The Moroccan Genetic Disease Database (MGDD): a database for DNA variations related to inherited disorders and disease susceptibility. Eur J Hum Genet 2013; 22:322-6. [PMID: 23860041 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
National and ethnic mutation databases provide comprehensive information about genetic variations reported in a population or an ethnic group. In this paper, we present the Moroccan Genetic Disease Database (MGDD), a catalogue of genetic data related to diseases identified in the Moroccan population. We used the PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases to identify available articles published until April 2013. The Database is designed and implemented on a three-tier model using Mysql relational database and the PHP programming language. To date, the database contains 425 mutations and 208 polymorphisms found in 301 genes and 259 diseases. Most Mendelian diseases in the Moroccan population follow autosomal recessive mode of inheritance (74.17%) and affect endocrine, nutritional and metabolic physiology. The MGDD database provides reference information for researchers, clinicians and health professionals through a user-friendly Web interface. Its content should be useful to improve researches in human molecular genetics, disease diagnoses and design of association studies. MGDD can be publicly accessed at http://mgdd.pasteur.ma.
Collapse
|
15
|
Prows CA, Hopkin RJ, Barnoy S, Van Riper M. An update of childhood genetic disorders. J Nurs Scholarsh 2013; 45:34-42. [PMID: 23294802 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Thousands of single gene, mitochondrial, and chromosomal disorders have been described in children. The purpose of this article is twofold. The first is to increase nurses' awareness of new developments in genetic disorders that are commonly seen in practice and taught in schools of nursing. The second is to illustrate important genetic concepts of relevance to nurses who care for infants, children, or adolescents. ORGANIZING CONSTRUCT This article is organized into four sections: one that describes new developments in a well-known disorder, a second that discusses the process and potential outcomes of diagnosing a very rare disorder, and the third and fourth sections that describe select conditions caused by single gene mutations. METHODS Clinical expertise was paired with literature review to present evidence-based current information. Implications for nursing practice are highlighted throughout the article. Citations of publicly available evidence-based online resources are used so nurses can continue to use these in their practices. FINDINGS Diagnosis and treatment strategies for children with genetic disorders are rapidly changing. While it is impossible to stay current in all disorders, resources are available to help nurses provide evidence-based care to children with genetic disorders. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Nurses have an important role in the early identification of children with genetic disorders and in facilitating their access to appropriate services and resources. Nurses can also help families understand why genetic testing may be necessary and assure families are informed throughout the process.
Collapse
|
16
|
Chong JX, Ouwenga R, Anderson RL, Waggoner DJ, Ober C. A population-based study of autosomal-recessive disease-causing mutations in a founder population. Am J Hum Genet 2012; 91:608-20. [PMID: 22981120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The decreasing cost of whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing has resulted in a renaissance for identifying Mendelian disease mutations, and for the first time it is possible to survey the distribution and characteristics of these mutations in large population samples. We conducted carrier screening for all autosomal-recessive (AR) mutations known to be present in members of a founder population and revealed surprisingly high carrier frequencies for many of these mutations. By utilizing the rich demographic, genetic, and phenotypic data available on these subjects and simulations in the exact pedigree that these individuals belong to, we show that the majority of mutations were most likely introduced into the population by a single founder and then drifted to the high carrier frequencies observed. We further show that although there is an increased incidence of AR diseases overall, the mean carrier burden is likely to be lower in the Hutterites than in the general population. Finally, on the basis of simulations, we predict the presence of 30 or more undiscovered recessive mutations among these subjects, and this would at least double the number of AR diseases that have been reported in this isolated population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica X Chong
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Romdhane L, Kefi R, Azaiez H, Ben Halim N, Dellagi K, Abdelhak S. Founder mutations in Tunisia: implications for diagnosis in North Africa and Middle East. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2012; 7:52. [PMID: 22908982 PMCID: PMC3495028 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tunisia is a North African country of 10 million inhabitants. The native background population is Berber. However, throughout its history, Tunisia has been the site of invasions and migratory waves of allogenic populations and ethnic groups such as Phoenicians, Romans, Vandals, Arabs, Ottomans and French. Like neighbouring and Middle Eastern countries, the Tunisian population shows a relatively high rate of consanguinity and endogamy that favor expression of recessive genetic disorders at relatively high rates. Many factors could contribute to the recurrence of monogenic morbid trait expression. Among them, founder mutations that arise in one ancestral individual and diffuse through generations in isolated communities. Method We report here on founder mutations in the Tunisian population by a systematic review of all available data from PubMed, other sources of the scientific literature as well as unpublished data from our research laboratory. Results We identified two different classes of founder mutations. The first includes founder mutations so far reported only among Tunisians that are responsible for 30 genetic diseases. The second group represents founder haplotypes described in 51 inherited conditions that occur among Tunisians and are also shared with other North African and Middle Eastern countries. Several heavily disabilitating diseases are caused by recessive founder mutations. They include, among others, neuromuscular diseases such as congenital muscular dystrophy and spastic paraglegia and also severe genodermatoses such as dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa and xeroderma pigmentosa. Conclusion This report provides informations on founder mutations for 73 genetic diseases either specific to Tunisians or shared by other populations. Taking into account the relatively high number and frequency of genetic diseases in the region and the limited resources, screening for these founder mutations should provide a rapid and cost effective tool for molecular diagnosis. Indeed, our report should help designing appropriate measures for carrier screening, better evaluation of diseases burden and setting up of preventive measures at the regional level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Romdhane
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, BP 74, 13 Place Pasteur, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Adler G, Clark JS, Łoniewska B, Ciechanowicz A. Prevalence of 845G>A HFE mutation in Slavic populations: an east-west linear gradient in South Slavs. Croat Med J 2011; 52:351-7. [PMID: 21674831 PMCID: PMC3118720 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2011.52.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare A allele frequencies of the 845G>A mutation of 10 Slavic populations in central, eastern, and southern Europe between each other and with other European populations. METHODS The 845G>A mutation from the DNA of 400 Polish neonates collected in 2005-2006 was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The data were compared with reports from other countries. RESULTS We identified 381 GG homozygotes, 18 GA heterozygotes, and 1 AA homozygote. The 845A allele frequency was 2.5%, which makes the summary figure for Poland from this and previous studies 3.5%. The average prevalence for Poland and other West Slavic countries was 3.6%, similar to Russia (inhabited by the East Slavs, 3.5%). The average prevalence in South Slavic countries was 2.2%, gradually decreasing from 3.6% in Slovenia to 0% in Bulgaria, with a longitudinal linear gradient (adjusted R(2)=0.976, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The West and East Slavs, together with Finland, Estonia, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Slovenia, and Croatia, form a group with 845A allele frequencies between 3% and 4%. In the South Slavs, there is a gradual decline in the prevalence of 845A allele from northwest to southeast, with a surprisingly exact east-west linear gradient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grazyna Adler
- Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Medical Biology, Szczecin, Poland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Löppönen T, Väisänen ML, Luotonen M, Allinen M, Uusimaa J, Lindholm P, Mäki-Torkko E, Väyrynen M, Löppönen H, Leisti J. Connexin 26 mutations and nonsyndromic hearing impairment in Northern Finland. Laryngoscope 2010; 113:1758-63. [PMID: 14520102 DOI: 10.1097/00005537-200310000-00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of the present study were to evaluate the role of the gap junction protein beta-2 gene (GJB2), encoding connexin 26 (Cx26), in children with moderate to profound prelingual nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing impairment (HI) and to investigate the carrier frequencies of the GJB2 gene mutations in a control population in Northern Finland. METHODS Mutation analysis was performed by direct sequencing and carrier detection by conformation sensitive gel electrophoresis further confirmed by direct sequencing. RESULTS Cx26 mutations were found in 15 of 71 (21.1%) (67 families) children with HI. Homozygosity for the mutation 35delG was shown to be the cause of HI in 13 of 15 (86.7%) children. Homozygosity for the M34T genotype was found in one child, and compound heterozygosity for the M34T/V37I genotype was found in another. Five families of those with suspected familial HI (29.4%) and six families out of those with sporadic HI (12.0%) had a homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation. The carrier frequency for the mutation 35delG was 1 of 78 (4 of 313) and that for the M34T was 1 of 26 (12 of 313). CONCLUSION 35delG/35delG genotype was found to be a significant cause of moderate to profound prelingual nonsyndromic sensorineural HI in Northern Finland. M34T/M34T genotype was seen in only one child, but the carrier frequency of the M34T allele was about three times higher than that of the 35delG mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuija Löppönen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie 50, FIN-90220 Oulu, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Teek R, Kruustük K, Zordania R, Joost K, Reimand T, Möls T, Oitmaa E, Kahre T, Tõnisson N, Ounap K. Prevalence of c.35delG and p.M34T mutations in the GJB2 gene in Estonia. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2010; 74:1007-12. [PMID: 20708129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Revised: 05/18/2010] [Accepted: 05/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of c.35delG and p.M34T mutations in the GJB2 gene among children with early onset hearing loss and within a general population of Estonia. METHODS Using an arrayed primer extension assay, we screened 233 probands with early childhood onset hearing loss for 107 different mutations in the GJB2 gene. We then looked for the two most common mutations, c.35delG and p.M34T, in a population of 998 consecutively born Estonian neonates to determine the frequency of these mutations in the general population. RESULTS In 115 (49%) of the patients with early onset hearing loss, we found a mutation in at least one allele of the GJB2 gene. Seventy-three (31%) were homozygous for the c.35delG mutation, seven (3%) were homozygous for the p.M34T mutation, and five (2%) had c35delG/p.M34T compound heterozygosity. Other six identified mutations in GJB2 gene occurred rarely. Among the 998 anonymous newborn samples, we detected 45 who were heterozygous for c.35delG, 2 individuals homozygous for c.35delG, and 58 who were heterozygous for p.M34T. Additionally, we detected two c.35delG/p.M34T compound heterozygotes. CONCLUSION The most common GJB2 gene mutations in Estonian children with early onset hearing loss were c.35delG and p.M34T, with c.35delG accounting for 75% of GJB2 alleles. The carrier frequency for c.35delG and p.M34T in a general population of Estonia was 1 in 22 and 1 in 17, respectively, and was higher than in most other countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Teek
- Department of Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Karvanen J, Silander K, Kee F, Tiret L, Salomaa V, Kuulasmaa K, Wiklund PG, Virtamo J, Saarela O, Perret C, Perola M, Peltonen L, Cambien F, Erdmann J, Samani NJ, Schunkert H, Evans A. The impact of newly identified loci on coronary heart disease, stroke and total mortality in the MORGAM prospective cohorts. Genet Epidemiol 2009; 33:237-46. [PMID: 18979498 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.20374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, genome wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as being associated with coronary heart disease (CHD). We estimated the effect of these SNPs on incident CHD, stroke and total mortality in the prospective cohorts of the MORGAM Project. We studied cohorts from Finland, Sweden, France and Northern Ireland (total N=33,282, including 1,436 incident CHD events and 571 incident stroke events). The lead SNPs at seven loci identified thus far and additional SNPs (in total 42) were genotyped using a case-cohort design. We estimated the effect of the SNPs on disease history at baseline, disease events during follow-up and classic risk factors. Multiple testing was taken into account using false discovery rate (FDR) analysis. SNP rs1333049 on chromosome 9p21.3 was associated with both CHD and stroke (HR=1.20, 95% CI 1.08-1.34 for incident CHD events and 1.15, 0.99-1.34 for incident stroke). SNP rs11670734 (19q12) was associated with total mortality and stroke. SNP rs2146807 (10q11.21) showed some association with the fatality of acute coronary event. SNP rs2943634 (2q36.3) was associated with high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and SNPs rs599839, rs4970834 (1p13.3) and rs17228212 (15q22.23) were associated with non-HDL cholesterol. SNPs rs2943634 (2q36.3) and rs12525353 (6q25.1) were associated with blood pressure. These findings underline the need for replication studies in prospective settings and confirm the candidacy of several SNPs that may play a role in the etiology of cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juha Karvanen
- Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rehnström K, Ylisaukko-oja T, Nummela I, Ellonen P, Kempas E, Vanhala R, von Wendt L, Järvelä I, Peltonen L. Allelic variants in HTR3C show association with autism. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2009; 150B:741-6. [PMID: 19035560 PMCID: PMC2703778 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are severe neurodevelopmental disorders with a strong genetic component. Only a few predisposing genes have been identified so far. We have previously performed a genome-wide linkage screen for ASDs in Finnish families where the most significant linkage peak was identified at 3q25-27. Here, 11 positional and functionally relevant candidate genes at 3q25-27 were tested for association with autistic disorder. Genotypes of 125 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were determined in 97 families with at least one individual affected with autistic disorder. The most significant association was observed using two non-synonymous SNPs in HTR3C, rs6766410 and rs6807362, both resulting in P = 0.0012 in family-based association analysis. In addition, the haplotype C-C corresponding to amino acids N163-A405 was overtransmitted to affected individuals (P = 0.006). Sequencing revealed no other variants in the coding region or splice sites of HTR3C. Based on the association analysis results in a previously identified linkage region, we propose that HTR3C represents a novel candidate locus for ASDs and should be tested in other populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karola Rehnström
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute and Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jakkula E, Rehnström K, Varilo T, Pietiläinen OP, Paunio T, Pedersen NL, deFaire U, Järvelin MR, Saharinen J, Freimer N, Ripatti S, Purcell S, Collins A, Daly MJ, Palotie A, Peltonen L. The genome-wide patterns of variation expose significant substructure in a founder population. Am J Hum Genet 2008; 83:787-94. [PMID: 19061986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2008] [Revised: 11/10/2008] [Accepted: 11/11/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although high-density SNP genotyping platforms generate a momentum for detailed genome-wide association (GWA) studies, an offshoot is a new insight into population genetics. Here, we present an example in one of the best-known founder populations by scrutinizing ten distinct Finnish early- and late-settlement subpopulations. By determining genetic distances, homozygosity, and patterns of linkage disequilibrium, we demonstrate that population substructure, and even individual ancestry, is detectable at a very high resolution and supports the concept of multiple historical bottlenecks resulting from consecutive founder effects. Given that genetic studies are currently aiming at identifying smaller and smaller genetic effects, recognizing and controlling for population substructure even at this fine level becomes imperative to avoid confounding and spurious associations. This study provides an example of the power of GWA data sets to demonstrate stratification caused by population history even within a seemingly homogeneous population, like the Finns. Further, the results provide interesting lessons concerning the impact of population history on the genome landscape of humans, as well as approaches to identify rare variants enriched in these subpopulations.
Collapse
|
24
|
Pöntynen N, Miettinen A, Arstila TP, Kämpe O, Alimohammadi M, Vaarala O, Peltonen L, Ulmanen I. Aire deficient mice do not develop the same profile of tissue-specific autoantibodies as APECED patients. J Autoimmun 2006; 27:96-104. [PMID: 16820279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2006.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2006] [Revised: 05/23/2006] [Accepted: 06/05/2006] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED, or APS1), is a monogenic autoimmune disease caused by mutations in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene. The three main components of APECED are chronic mucocuteaneous candidiasis, hypoparathyroidism and adrenocortical insufficiency. However, several additional endocrine or other autoimmune disease components, or ectodermal dystrophies form the individually variable clinical picture of APECED. An important feature of APECED is a spectrum of well-characterized circulating autoantibodies, reacting against tissue-specific autoantigens. Aire deficient mice develop some characteristics of APECED phenotype. In order to investigate whether the Aire deficient mice produce autoantibodies similar to human APECED, we studied the reactivity of Aire mouse sera against mouse homologues of 11 human APECED antigens. None of the APECED antigens indicated elevated reactivity in the Aire knock-out mouse sera, implying the absence of APECED associated autoantibodies in Aire deficient mice. These findings were supported by the failure of the autoantigens to activate mouse T-cells. Furthermore, Aire knock-out mice did not express increased levels of anti-nuclear antibodies compared to wt mice. This study indicates that spontaneous induction of tissue-specific autoantibodies similar to APECED does not occur in the rodent model suggesting differences in the immunopathogenic mechanisms between mice and men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Pöntynen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jarvenpaa J, Pakkila M, Savolainen ER, Perheentupa A, Jarvela I, Ryynanen M. Evaluation of Factor V Leiden, Prothrombin and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Mutations in Patients with Severe Pregnancy Complications in Northern Finland. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2006; 62:28-32. [PMID: 16514238 DOI: 10.1159/000091814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2005] [Accepted: 01/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombosis in placenta may lead to severe pregnancy complications. Most important inherited thrombophilias are factor V Leiden mutation, prothrombin mutation, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation. The aim of our research was to evaluate the prevalence of inherited thrombophilias in severe pregnancy complications and in normal pregnancies. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study subjects with severe preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, placental abruption or fetal death were collected during the period 1999-2004 from Oulu University Hospital. We also collected during the same period voluntary parturients with normal pregnancy outcome as the control group. FVL, FII, and MTHFR gene mutations of the patients and controls were analyzed. RESULTS We found a significant difference in the prevalence of FVL mutation between the groups. There were 9.5% FVL mutations in the study group compared to 1.8% in the control group; the observed difference between prevalences was 7.7% (95% CI 2.0-13.4). No statistical difference was found in the FII or MTHFR mutations between the groups. All FV and FII mutations were heterozygous and all the MTHFR mutations homozygous. CONCLUSION Women with thrombophilia have a risk for severe pregnancy complications. Randomized controlled trials are needed to assess the influence of low-molecular-weight heparin in pregnant women with thrombophilia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Jarvenpaa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Davey Smith G, Ebrahim S, Lewis S, Hansell AL, Palmer LJ, Burton PR. Genetic epidemiology and public health: hope, hype, and future prospects. Lancet 2005; 366:1484-98. [PMID: 16243094 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67601-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Genetic epidemiology is a rapidly expanding research field, but the implications of findings from such studies for individual or population health are unclear. The use of molecular genetic screening currently has some legitimacy in certain monogenic conditions, but no established value with respect to common complex diseases. Personalised medical care based on molecular genetic testing is also as yet undeveloped for common diseases. Genetic epidemiology can contribute to establishing the causal nature of environmentally modifiable risk factors, through the application of mendelian randomisation approaches and thus contribute to appropriate preventive strategies. Technological and other advances will allow the potential of genetic epidemiology to be revealed over the next few years, and the establishment of large population-based resources for such studies (biobanks) should contribute to this endeavour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Davey Smith
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zeegers MPA, van Poppel F, Vlietinck R, Spruijt L, Ostrer H. Founder mutations among the Dutch. Eur J Hum Genet 2005; 12:591-600. [PMID: 15010701 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Many genetic disorders demonstrate mutations that can be traced to a founder, sometimes a person who can be identified. These founder mutations have generated considerable interest, because they facilitate studies of prevalence and penetrance and can be used to quantify the degree of homogeneity within a population. This paper reports on founder mutations among the Dutch and relates their occurrence to the history and demography of the Netherlands. International migration, regional and religious endogamy, and rapid population growth played key roles in shaping the Dutch population. In the first millenniums BC and AD, the Netherlands were invaded by Celts, Romans, Huns, and Germans. In more recent times, large numbers of Huguenots and Germans migrated into the Netherlands. Population growth within the Netherlands was slow until the 19th century, when a period of rapid population growth started. Today, the Dutch population numbers 16 million inhabitants. Several different classes of founder mutations have been identified among the Dutch. Some mutations occur among people who represent genetic isolates within this country. These include mutations for benign familial cholestasis, diabetes mellitus, type I, infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, L-DOPA responsive dystonia, and triphalangeal thumb. Although not related to a specific isolate, other founder mutations were identified only within the Netherlands, including those predisposing for hereditary breast-ovarian cancer, familial hypercholesterolemia, frontotemporal dementia, hereditary paragangliomas, juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, malignant melanoma, protein C deficiency, and San Filippo disease. Many of these show a regional distribution, suggesting dissemination from a founder. Some mutations that occur among the Dutch are shared with other European populations and others have been transmitted by Dutch émigrés to their descendents in North America and South Africa. The occurrence of short chromosomal regions that have remained identical by descent has resulted in relatively limited genetic heterogeneity for many genetic conditions among the Dutch. These observations demonstrate the opportunity for gene discovery for other diseases and traits in the Netherlands.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Alleles
- Female
- Founder Effect
- Gene Frequency/genetics
- Genetic Diseases, Inborn/genetics
- Genetics, Population
- History, 15th Century
- History, 16th Century
- History, 17th Century
- History, 18th Century
- History, 19th Century
- History, 20th Century
- History, 21st Century
- History, Ancient
- History, Medieval
- Humans
- Male
- Mutation/genetics
- Netherlands
- Pedigree
- White People/genetics
- White People/history
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maurice P A Zeegers
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Lahdenkari AT, Kestilä M, Holmberg C, Koskimies O, Jalanko H. Nephrin gene (NPHS1) in patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). Kidney Int 2004; 65:1856-63. [PMID: 15086927 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00583.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) is a major problem in pediatric nephrology. While the pathogenesis of MCNS is not known, the latest discoveries in the genetic diseases indicate that glomerular epithelial cells (podocytes) and the slit diaphragm play a primary role in development of proteinuria. Because nephrin is known to be a major component of the slit diaphragm, we analyzed the structure of nephrin gene (NPHS1) in patients with MCNS of different severity. METHODS Clinical data and DNA samples were collected from 25 adults who had biopsy-proven MCNS in childhood. A direct sequencing was performed to all 29 exons of the NPHS1 gene. The significance of the findings was evaluated by similar analysis of DNA samples from 25 healthy control patients. RESULTS The analysis of NPHS1 revealed no specific MCNS-associated mutation. However, 5 of the 25 MCNS patients had heterozygous allelic variants leading to nonconservative amino acid substitutions not previously reported (G879R; R800C; T294I; A916S). One of the five patients also had the Fin-major mutation, and two had new, conservative amino acid substitutions (S786N; A342G). Three of the five patients were classified as steroid sensitive, one was an early nonresponder, and one patient showed clear resistance to steroid treatment. Six known polymorphic changes in NPHS1 were also found, three of them leading to amino acid changes. The number of allelic variants was high both in MCNS patients and control patients (mean 3.0 and 2.6). CONCLUSION The results suggest that genetic changes in nephrin may have a pathogenetic role in some patients with MCNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Tiina Lahdenkari
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Morar B, Gresham D, Angelicheva D, Tournev I, Gooding R, Guergueltcheva V, Schmidt C, Abicht A, Lochmüller H, Tordai A, Kalmár L, Nagy M, Karcagi V, Jeanpierre M, Herczegfalvi A, Beeson D, Venkataraman V, Warwick Carter K, Reeve J, de Pablo R, Kučinskas V, Kalaydjieva L. Mutation history of the roma/gypsies. Am J Hum Genet 2004; 75:596-609. [PMID: 15322984 PMCID: PMC1182047 DOI: 10.1086/424759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2004] [Accepted: 07/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The 8-10 million European Roma/Gypsies are a founder population of common origins that has subsequently split into multiple socially divergent and geographically dispersed Gypsy groups. Unlike other founder populations, whose genealogy has been extensively documented, the demographic history of the Gypsies is not fully understood and, given the lack of written records, has to be inferred from current genetic data. In this study, we have used five disease loci harboring private Gypsy mutations to examine some missing historical parameters and current structure. We analyzed the frequency distribution of the five mutations in 832-1,363 unrelated controls, representing 14 Gypsy populations, and the diversification of chromosomal haplotypes in 501 members of affected families. Sharing of mutations and high carrier rates supported a strong founder effect, and the identity of the congenital myasthenia 1267delG mutation in Gypsy and Indian/Pakistani chromosomes provided the best evidence yet of the Indian origins of the Gypsies. However, dramatic differences in mutation frequencies and haplotype divergence and very limited haplotype sharing pointed to strong internal differentiation and characterized the Gypsies as a founder population comprising multiple subisolates. Using disease haplotype coalescence times at the different loci, we estimated that the entire Gypsy population was founded approximately 32-40 generations ago, with secondary and tertiary founder events occurring approximately 16-25 generations ago. The existence of multiple subisolates, with endogamy maintained to the present day, suggests a general approach to complex disorders in which initial gene mapping could be performed in large families from a single Gypsy group, whereas fine mapping would rely on the informed sampling of the divergent subisolates and searching for the shared genomic region that displays the strongest linkage disequilibrium with the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Morar
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - David Gresham
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dora Angelicheva
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ivailo Tournev
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rebecca Gooding
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Velina Guergueltcheva
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Carolin Schmidt
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Angela Abicht
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Attila Tordai
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Lajos Kalmár
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Melinda Nagy
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Veronika Karcagi
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marc Jeanpierre
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Agnes Herczegfalvi
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - David Beeson
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Viswanathan Venkataraman
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kim Warwick Carter
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jeff Reeve
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rosario de Pablo
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vaidutis Kučinskas
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Luba Kalaydjieva
- Laboratories of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton; Department of Neurology, Medical University, Sofia; Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Diagnostics, National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bethesda Children’s Hospital, Budapest; Second Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Genetique Moleculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Paris; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Unidad de Immunologia, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid; and Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jääskeläinen E, Toivonen S, Romppanen EL, Helisalmi S, Keski-Nisula L, Punnonen K, Heinonen S. M385T polymorphism in the factor V gene, but not Leiden mutation, is associated with placental abruption in Finnish women. Placenta 2004; 25:730-4. [PMID: 15450391 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2004.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study determines whether genetic variability in the gene encoding factor V contributes to differences in susceptibility to placental abruption. Allele and genotype frequencies of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the factor V gene leading to nonsynonymous changes (M385T in exon 8, and R485K and R506Q [Leiden mutation] in exon 10) were studied in 116 Caucasian women with placental abruption and 112 healthy controls. Single-point analysis was expanded to haplotype analysis and haplotype frequencies were estimated using an expectation-maximisation (EM) algorithm. Comparison of single-point allele and genotype distributions of SNPs in exon 8 and exon 10 of the factor V gene revealed statistically significant differences in M385T allele (P = 0.021) and genotype ( P = 0.013) frequencies between the patients and the control subjects. The C allele of SNP M385T was significantly less frequent among the patients (7%) vs. the control subjects (13%), at an odds ratio of 0.48 (95% CI 0.25-0.91). Allele and genotype differences between the patients and control subjects as regards R485K and Leiden mutation were not significant. In haplotype estimation analysis, there was a significantly lower frequency of haplotype T-R-R encoding the T385-R485-R506 variant in the group with placental abruption vs. the control group (P = 0.038) at an odds ratio of 0.519 (95% CI 0.272-0.987). We conclude that T385 is less frequent among the patient group than in the control group. The M385T variant in the factor V gene other than the Leiden mutation may play a role in disease susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Jääskeläinen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Holmberg V, Jalanko A, Isosomppi J, Fabritius AL, Peltonen L, Kopra O. The mouse ortholog of the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis CLN5 gene encodes a soluble lysosomal glycoprotein expressed in the developing brain. Neurobiol Dis 2004; 16:29-40. [PMID: 15207259 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2003.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2003] [Revised: 12/16/2003] [Accepted: 12/18/2003] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are recessively inherited neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders characterized by progressive motor and mental retardation, visual failure, and epileptic seizures. Finnish variant late infantile NCL (vLINCL(Fin)) is caused by mutations in the CLN5 gene. We have isolated the mouse Cln5 gene and analyzed its spatiotemporal expression in the central nervous system (CNS) by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Cln5 was expressed throughout the embryonic brain already at E15 and the expression steadily increased during development. Prominent expression was observed in cerebellar Purkinje cells, cerebral neurons, hippocampal pyramidal cells, and hippocampal interneurons. The expression pattern correlated with those CNS regions that get degenerated in CLN5 patients. In vitro expression of Cln5 in COS-1, HeLa, and neuronal cells further implied that mouse Cln5 is a soluble lysosomal glycoprotein, closely resembling human CLN5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ville Holmberg
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Faisel F, Romppanen EL, Hiltunen M, Helisalmi S, Laasanen J, Punnonen K, Salonen JT, Heinonen S. Susceptibility to pre-eclampsia in Finnish women is associated with R485K polymorphism in the factor V gene, not with Leiden mutation. Eur J Hum Genet 2003; 12:187-91. [PMID: 14673478 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study determines whether genetic variability in the gene-encoding factor V contributes to differences in pre-eclampsia susceptibility. Allele and genotype frequencies of three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the factor V gene leading to nonsynonymous changes (M385T in exon 8, and R485K and R506Q (Leiden mutation) in exon 10) were studied in 133 Caucasian women with pre-eclampsia and 112 healthy controls. Single-point analysis was expanded to haplotype analysis, and haplotype frequencies were estimated using an expectation-maximization algorithm. Comparison of single-point allele and genotype distributions of SNPs in exons 8 and 10 of the factor V gene revealed statistically significant differences in R485K allele (P=0.003) and genotype (P=0.03) frequencies between the patients and the control subjects. The A allele of SNP R485K was over-represented among the patients (12%) vs the control subjects (4%), at an odds ratio (OR) of 2.8 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-6.2) for combined A genotypes (GA+AA vs GG). Allele and genotype differences between the patients and control subjects as regards M385T and Leiden mutation were not significant. In haplotype estimation analysis, there was a significantly elevated frequency of haplotype T-A-G encoding the M385-K485-R506 variant in the pre-eclamptic group vs the control group (P=0.01), at an OR of 2.6 (95% CI 1.2-5.5). We conclude that the T-A-G haplotype was more frequent among the patient group than in the control group, and genetic variations in the factor V gene other than the Leiden mutation may play a role in disease susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fareeza Faisel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Delgado-Escueta AV, Perez-Gosiengfiao KB, Bai D, Bailey J, Medina MT, Morita R, Suzuki T, Ganesh S, Sugimoto T, Yamakawa K, Ochoa A, Jara-Prado A, Rasmussen A, Ramos-Peek J, Cordova S, Rubio-Donnadieu F, Alonso ME. Recent Developments in the Quest for Myoclonic Epilepsy Genes. Epilepsia 2003; 44 Suppl 11:13-26. [PMID: 14641567 DOI: 10.1046/j.1528-1157.44.s11.2.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the latest advances in the molecular genetics of the epilepsies is important, as it provides a basis for comprehending the new practice of epileptology. Epilepsies have traditionally been classified and subtyped on the basis of clinical and neurophysiologic concepts. However, the complexity and variability of phenotypes and overlapping clinical features limit the resolution of phenotype-based classification and confound epilepsy nosology. Identification of tightly linked epilepsy DNA markers and discovery of epilepsy-causing mutations provide a basis for refining the classification of epilepsies. Recent discoveries regarding the genetics surrounding certain epilepsy types (including Lafora's progressive myoclonic epilepsy, the severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy of Dravet, and idiopathic generalized epilepsies) may be the beginning of a better understanding of how rare Mendelian epilepsy genes and their genetic architecture can explain some complexities of the common epilepsies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio V Delgado-Escueta
- Epilepsy Genetics/Genomics Laboratory, Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, UCLA School of Medicine and VA GLAHS Epilepsy Center of Excellence, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Jain M, Thorstenson YR, Faulkner DM, Pourmand N, Jones T, Au M, Oefner PJ, White KP, Davis RW. Genotyping African haplotypes in ATM using a co-spotted single-base extension assay. Hum Mutat 2003; 22:214-21. [PMID: 12938086 DOI: 10.1002/humu.10250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Human genetic analysis, including population genetic studies, increasingly calls for cost-effective, high-throughput methods for the rapid screening of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across many individuals. The modified single-base extension assay described here (arrayed SBE) is a highly accurate and robust method for SNP genotyping that can deliver genotypes at 3.5 cents each, following PCR. Specifically, amino-modified probe/target pairs were prehybridized, then co-spotted in a microarray format prior to enzymatic addition of allele-specific nucleotides. Probe/target identity was determined solely by its physical location on the array rather than by hybridization to a complementary target, resulting in a call rate of 99-100%. These innovations result in an inexpensive, accurate assay with exceptional signal-to-noise ratios, depending on the glass surface employed. Comparison of glass slides from three different manufacturers indicated that aldehyde-based Zyomyx slides provided superior performance for this assay. Arrayed SBE was applied to study the geographic distribution of three African-specific haplotypes in the human ATM gene. Four selectively neutral markers, which define the haplotypes H5, H6, and H7, were screened in a total of 415 individuals. Region-specific haplotype frequencies were consistent with patterns of human migration across and outside of Africa, suggesting a possible haplotype origin in East Africa. Arrayed SBE was a robust tool for this analysis that could be applied to any situation requiring the genotyping of a few SNPs in many individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maneesh Jain
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Norio R. Finnish Disease Heritage I: characteristics, causes, background. Hum Genet 2003; 112:441-56. [PMID: 12627295 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-002-0875-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2002] [Accepted: 10/30/2002] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This review of the Finnish Disease Heritage (FDH), a group of rare hereditary diseases that are overrepresented in Finland, includes the following topics: FDH characteristics, causes and background, primary theory, revis(it)ed theory, consanguineous marriages in Finland, internal migration of the 1500s, family series for further FDH studies, geography and population structure as a basis for FDH, geography of individual diseases, the structure of FDH families, family structure in individual diseases, Finnish gene mutations, linkage disequilibrium and haplotypes, age of gene mutations, frequencies of disease genes and carriers, and a short description of the possible future of FDH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reijo Norio
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Family Federation of Finland, Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Visapää I, Fellman V, Vesa J, Dasvarma A, Hutton JL, Kumar V, Payne GS, Makarow M, Van Coster R, Taylor RW, Turnbull DM, Suomalainen A, Peltonen L. GRACILE syndrome, a lethal metabolic disorder with iron overload, is caused by a point mutation in BCS1L. Am J Hum Genet 2002; 71:863-76. [PMID: 12215968 PMCID: PMC378542 DOI: 10.1086/342773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2002] [Accepted: 07/09/2002] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
GRACILE (growth retardation, aminoaciduria, cholestasis, iron overload, lactacidosis, and early death) syndrome is a recessively inherited lethal disease characterized by fetal growth retardation, lactic acidosis, aminoaciduria, cholestasis, and abnormalities in iron metabolism. We previously localized the causative gene to a 1.5-cM region on chromosome 2q33-37. In the present study, we report the molecular defect causing this metabolic disorder, by identifying a homozygous missense mutation that results in an S78G amino acid change in the BCS1L gene in Finnish patients with GRACILE syndrome, as well as five different mutations in three British infants. BCS1L, a mitochondrial inner-membrane protein, is a chaperone necessary for the assembly of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III. Pulse-chase experiments performed in COS-1 cells indicated that the S78G amino acid change results in instability of the polypeptide, and yeast complementation studies revealed a functional defect in the mutated BCS1L protein. Four different mutations in the BCS1L gene have been reported elsewhere, in Turkish patients with a distinctly different phenotype. Interestingly, the British and Turkish patients had complex III deficiency, whereas in the Finnish patients with GRACILE syndrome complex III activity was within the normal range, implying that BCS1L has another cellular function that is uncharacterized but essential and is putatively involved in iron metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Visapää
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, and Department of Neurology and Programme of Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, and Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; and Department of Neurology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Vineta Fellman
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, and Department of Neurology and Programme of Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, and Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; and Department of Neurology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Jouni Vesa
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, and Department of Neurology and Programme of Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, and Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; and Department of Neurology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Ayan Dasvarma
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, and Department of Neurology and Programme of Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, and Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; and Department of Neurology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Jenna L. Hutton
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, and Department of Neurology and Programme of Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, and Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; and Department of Neurology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, and Department of Neurology and Programme of Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, and Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; and Department of Neurology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory S. Payne
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, and Department of Neurology and Programme of Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, and Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; and Department of Neurology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Marja Makarow
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, and Department of Neurology and Programme of Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, and Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; and Department of Neurology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Rudy Van Coster
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, and Department of Neurology and Programme of Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, and Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; and Department of Neurology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Robert W. Taylor
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, and Department of Neurology and Programme of Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, and Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; and Department of Neurology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Douglass M. Turnbull
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, and Department of Neurology and Programme of Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, and Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; and Department of Neurology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Anu Suomalainen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, and Department of Neurology and Programme of Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, and Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; and Department of Neurology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Leena Peltonen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, and Department of Neurology and Programme of Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, and Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; and Department of Neurology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lindroos K, Sigurdsson S, Johansson K, Rönnblom L, Syvänen AC. Multiplex SNP genotyping in pooled DNA samples by a four-colour microarray system. Nucleic Acids Res 2002; 30:e70. [PMID: 12136118 PMCID: PMC135771 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gnf069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We selected 125 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes belonging to the human type 1 interferon (IFN) gene family and the genes coding for proteins in the main type 1 IFN signalling pathway by screening databases and by in silico comparison of DNA sequences. Using quantitative analysis of pooled DNA samples by solid-phase mini-sequencing, we found that only 20% of the candidate SNPs were polymorphic in the Finnish and Swedish populations. To allow more effective validation of candidate SNPs, we developed a four-colour microarray-based mini-sequencing assay for multiplex, quantitative allele frequency determination in pooled DNA samples. We used cyclic mini-sequencing reactions with primers carrying 5'-tag sequences, followed by capture of the products on microarrays by hybridisation to complementary tag oligonucleotides. Standard curves prepared from mixtures of known amounts of SNP alleles demonstrate the applicability of the system to quantitative analysis, and showed that for about half of the tested SNPs the limit of detection for the minority allele was below 5%. The microarray-based genotyping system established here is universally applicable for genotyping and quantification of any SNP, and the validated system for SNPs in type 1 IFN-related genes should find many applications in genetic studies of this important immunoregulatory pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Lindroos
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between genetic variation and biological function on a genomic scale is expected to provide fundamental new insights into the biology, evolution and pathophysiology of humans and other species. The hope that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) will allow genes that underlie complex disease to be identified, together with progress in identifying large sets of SNPs, are the driving forces behind intense efforts to establish the technology for large-scale analysis of SNPs. New genotyping methods that are high throughput, accurate and cheap are urgently needed for gaining full access to the abundant genetic variation of organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A C Syvänen
- Department of Medical Sciences - Molecular Medicine, Uppsala University, University Hospital, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|