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Huang Y, Ma D, Yang Z, Zhao Y, Guo J. Voltage-gated potassium channels KCNQs: Structures, mechanisms, and modulations. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 689:149218. [PMID: 37976835 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
KCNQ (Kv7) channels are voltage-gated, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate- (PIP2-) modulated potassium channels that play essential roles in regulating the activity of neurons and cardiac myocytes. Hundreds of mutations in KCNQ channels are closely related to various cardiac and neurological disorders, such as long QT syndrome, epilepsy, and deafness, which makes KCNQ channels important drug targets. During the past several years, the application of single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) technique in the structure determination of KCNQ channels has greatly advanced our understanding of their molecular mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the currently available structures of KCNQ channels, analyze their special voltage gating mechanism, and discuss their activation mechanisms by both the endogenous membrane lipid and the exogenous synthetic ligands. These structural studies of KCNQ channels will guide the development of drugs targeting KCNQ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Demin Ma
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhenni Yang
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yiwen Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Jiangtao Guo
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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2
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hearing loss is the most common sensory deficit and in young children sensorineural hearing loss is most frequently genetic in etiology. Hearing aids and cochlear implant do not restore normal hearing. There is significant research and commercial interest in directly addressing the root cause of hearing loss through gene therapies. This article provides an overview of major barriers to cochlear gene therapy and recent advances in preclinical development of precision treatments of genetic deafness. RECENT FINDINGS Several investigators have recently described successful gene therapies in many common forms of genetic hearing loss in animal models. Elegant strategies that do not target a specific pathogenic variant, such as mini gene replacement and mutation-agnostic RNA interference (RNAi) with engineered replacement, facilitate translation of these findings to development of human therapeutics. Clinical trials for human gene therapies are in active recruitment. SUMMARY Gene therapies for hearing loss are expected to enter clinical trials in the immediate future. To provide referral for appropriate trials and counseling regarding benefits of genetic hearing loss evaluation, specialists serving children with hearing loss such as pediatricians, geneticists, genetic counselors, and otolaryngologists should be acquainted with ongoing developments in precision therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles J. Klimara
- Molecular Otolaryngology & Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Richard J.H. Smith
- Molecular Otolaryngology & Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Aldè M, Cantarella G, Zanetti D, Pignataro L, La Mantia I, Maiolino L, Ferlito S, Di Mauro P, Cocuzza S, Lechien JR, Iannella G, Simon F, Maniaci A. Autosomal Dominant Non-Syndromic Hearing Loss (DFNA): A Comprehensive Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1616. [PMID: 37371710 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (HL) typically occurs when only one dominant allele within the disease gene is sufficient to express the phenotype. Therefore, most patients diagnosed with autosomal dominant non-syndromic HL have a hearing-impaired parent, although de novo mutations should be considered in all cases of negative family history. To date, more than 50 genes and 80 loci have been identified for autosomal dominant non-syndromic HL. DFNA22 (MYO6 gene), DFNA8/12 (TECTA gene), DFNA20/26 (ACTG1 gene), DFNA6/14/38 (WFS1 gene), DFNA15 (POU4F3 gene), DFNA2A (KCNQ4 gene), and DFNA10 (EYA4 gene) are some of the most common forms of autosomal dominant non-syndromic HL. The characteristics of autosomal dominant non-syndromic HL are heterogenous. However, in most cases, HL tends to be bilateral, post-lingual in onset (childhood to early adulthood), high-frequency (sloping audiometric configuration), progressive, and variable in severity (mild to profound degree). DFNA1 (DIAPH1 gene) and DFNA6/14/38 (WFS1 gene) are the most common forms of autosomal dominant non-syndromic HL affecting low frequencies, while DFNA16 (unknown gene) is characterized by fluctuating HL. A long audiological follow-up is of paramount importance to identify hearing threshold deteriorations early and ensure prompt treatment with hearing aids or cochlear implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Aldè
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Specialist Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Otology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France
| | - Giovanna Cantarella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Specialist Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Zanetti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Specialist Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pignataro
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Specialist Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Ignazio La Mantia
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Luigi Maiolino
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ferlito
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Di Mauro
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cocuzza
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Jérôme René Lechien
- Otology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France
| | - Giannicola Iannella
- Otology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France
| | - Francois Simon
- Otology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France
| | - Antonino Maniaci
- Otology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Nam YS, Choi YM, Lee S, Cho HH. Valproic Acid Inhibits Progressive Hereditary Hearing Loss in a KCNQ4 Variant Model through HDAC1 Suppression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065695. [PMID: 36982769 PMCID: PMC10058529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic or congenital hearing loss still has no definitive cure. Among genes related to genetic hearing loss, the potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 4 (KCNQ4) is known to play an essential role in maintaining ion homeostasis and regulating hair cell membrane potential. Variants of the KCNQ4 show reductions in the potassium channel activity and were responsible for non-syndromic progressive hearing loss. KCNQ4 has been known to possess a diverse variant. Among those variants, the KCNQ4 p.W276S variant produced greater hair cell loss related to an absence of potassium recycling. Valproic acid (VPA) is an important and commonly used histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor for class I (HDAC1, 2, 3, and 8) and class IIa (HDAC4, 5, 7, and 9). In the current study, systemic injections of VPA attenuated hearing loss and protected the cochlear hair cells from cell death in the KCNQ4 p.W276S mouse model. VPA activated its known downstream target, the survival motor neuron gene, and increased acetylation of histone H4 in the cochlea, demonstrating that VPA treatment directly affects the cochlea. In addition, treatment with VPA increased the KCNQ4 binding with HSP90β by inhibiting HDAC1 activation in HEI-OC1 in an in vitro study. VPA is a candidate drug for inhibiting late-onset progressive hereditary hearing loss from the KCNQ4 p.W276S variant.
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Zhang H, Li H, Lu M, Wang S, Ma X, Wang F, Liu J, Li X, Yang H, Zhang F, Shen H, Buckley NJ, Gamper N, Yamoah EN, Lv P. Repressor element 1-silencing transcription factor deficiency yields profound hearing loss through K v7.4 channel upsurge in auditory neurons and hair cells. eLife 2022; 11:76754. [PMID: 36125121 PMCID: PMC9525063 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Repressor element 1-silencing transcription factor (REST) is a transcriptional repressor that recognizes neuron-restrictive silencer elements in the mammalian genomes in a tissue- and cell-specific manner. The identity of REST target genes and molecular details of how REST regulates them are emerging. We performed conditional null deletion of Rest (cKO), mainly restricted to murine hair cells (HCs) and auditory neurons (aka spiral ganglion neurons [SGNs]). Null inactivation of full-length REST did not affect the development of normal HCs and SGNs but manifested as progressive hearing loss in adult mice. We found that the inactivation of REST resulted in an increased abundance of Kv7.4 channels at the transcript, protein, and functional levels. Specifically, we found that SGNs and HCs from Rest cKO mice displayed increased Kv7.4 expression and augmented Kv7 currents; SGN’s excitability was also significantly reduced. Administration of a compound with Kv7.4 channel activator activity, fasudil, recapitulated progressive hearing loss in mice. In contrast, inhibition of the Kv7 channels by XE991 rescued the auditory phenotype of Rest cKO mice. Previous studies identified some loss-of-function mutations within the Kv7.4-coding gene, Kcnq4, as a causative factor for progressive hearing loss in mice and humans. Thus, the findings reveal that a critical homeostatic Kv7.4 channel level is required for proper auditory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Hongchen Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Mingshun Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Xueya Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Haichao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Noel J Buckley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nikita Gamper
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Ebenezer N Yamoah
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, United States
| | - Ping Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
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Homma K. The Pathological Mechanisms of Hearing Loss Caused by KCNQ1 and KCNQ4 Variants. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092254. [PMID: 36140355 PMCID: PMC9496569 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Deafness-associated genes KCNQ1 (also associated with heart diseases) and KCNQ4 (only associated with hearing loss) encode the homotetrameric voltage-gated potassium ion channels Kv7.1 and Kv7.4, respectively. To date, over 700 KCNQ1 and over 70 KCNQ4 variants have been identified in patients. The vast majority of these variants are inherited dominantly, and their pathogenicity is often explained by dominant-negative inhibition or haploinsufficiency. Our recent study unexpectedly identified cell-death-inducing cytotoxicity in several Kv7.1 and Kv7.4 variants. Elucidation of this cytotoxicity mechanism and identification of its modifiers (drugs) have great potential for aiding the development of a novel pharmacological strategy against many pathogenic KCNQ variants. The purpose of this review is to disseminate this emerging pathological role of Kv7 variants and to underscore the importance of experimentally characterizing disease-associated variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Homma
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; ; Tel.: +1-312-503-5344
- The Hugh Knowles Center for Clinical and Basic Science in Hearing and Its Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60608, USA
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Peixoto Pinheiro B, Müller M, Bös M, Guezguez J, Burnet M, Tornincasa M, Rizzetto R, Rolland JF, Liberati C, Lohmer S, Adel Y, Löwenheim H. A potassium channel agonist protects hearing function and promotes outer hair cell survival in a mouse model for age-related hearing loss. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:595. [PMID: 35817766 PMCID: PMC9273644 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04915-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is the most common sensory impairment mainly caused by degeneration of sensory hair cells in the cochlea with no causal medical treatment available. Auditory function and sensory hair cell survival critically depend on the Kv7.4 (KCNQ4) channel, a voltage-gated potassium channel expressed in outer hair cells (OHCs), with its impaired function or reduced activity previously associated with ARHL. Here, we investigated the effect of a potent small-molecule Kv7.4 agonist on ARHL in the senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) model. For the first time in vivo, we show that Kv7.4 activation can significantly reduce age-related threshold shifts of auditory brainstem responses as well as OHC loss in the SAMP8 model. Pharmacological activation of Kv7.4 thus holds great potential as a therapeutic approach for ARHL as well as other hearing impairments related to Kv7.4 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Peixoto Pinheiro
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Translational Hearing Research, Tübingen Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marcus Müller
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Translational Hearing Research, Tübingen Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Bös
- Acousia Therapeutics, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Mara Tornincasa
- grid.427692.c0000 0004 1794 5078Axxam, Bresso, 20091 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Liberati
- grid.427692.c0000 0004 1794 5078Axxam, Bresso, 20091 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefan Lohmer
- grid.427692.c0000 0004 1794 5078Axxam, Bresso, 20091 Milan, Italy
| | - Youssef Adel
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Translational Hearing Research, Tübingen Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hubert Löwenheim
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Translational Hearing Research, Tübingen Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Genetic background in late-onset sensorineural hearing loss patients. J Hum Genet 2022; 67:223-230. [PMID: 34824372 PMCID: PMC8948085 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-021-00990-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Genetic testing for congenital or early-onset hearing loss patients has become a common diagnostic option in many countries. On the other hand, there are few late-onset hearing loss patients receiving genetic testing, as late-onset hearing loss is believed to be a complex disorder and the diagnostic rate for genetic testing in late-onset patients is lower than that for the congenital cases. To date, the etiology of late-onset hearing loss is largely unknown. In the present study, we recruited 48 unrelated Japanese patients with late-onset bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, and performed genetic analysis of 63 known deafness gene using massively parallel DNA sequencing. As a result, we identified 25 possibly causative variants in 29 patients (60.4%). The present results clearly indicated that various genes are involved in late-onset hearing loss and a significant portion of cases of late-onset hearing loss is due to genetic causes. In addition, we identified two interesting cases for whom we could expand the phenotypic description. One case with a novel MYO7A variant showed a milder phenotype with progressive hearing loss and late-onset retinitis pigmentosa. The other case presented with Stickler syndrome with a mild phenotype caused by a homozygous frameshift COL9A3 variant. In conclusion, comprehensive genetic testing for late-onset hearing loss patients is necessary to obtain accurate diagnosis and to provide more appropriate treatment for these patients.
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Progression of KCNQ4 related genetic hearing loss: a narrative review. JOURNAL OF BIO-X RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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A KCNQ4 c.546C>G Genetic Variant Associated with Late Onset Non-Syndromic Hearing Loss in a Taiwanese Population. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111711. [PMID: 34828318 PMCID: PMC8618107 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical presentation is heterogeneous for autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss (ADNSHL). Variants of KCNQ4 gene is a common genetic factor of ADNSHL. Few studies have investigated the association between hearing impairment and the variant c.546C>G of KCNQ4. Here, we investigated the phenotype and clinical manifestations of the KCNQ4 variant. Study subjects were selected from the participants of the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative. In total, we enrolled 12 individuals with KCNQ4 c.546C>G carriers and 107 non-carriers, and performed pure tone audiometry (PTA) test and phenome-wide association (PheWAS) analysis for the patients. We found that c.546C>G variant was related to an increased risk of hearing loss. All patients with c.546C>G variant were aged >65 years and had sensorineural and high frequency hearing loss. Of these patients, a third (66.7%) showed moderate and progressive hearing loss, 41.7% complained of tinnitus and 16.7% complained of vertigo. Additionally, we found a significant association between KCNQ4 c.546C>G variant, aortic aneurysm, fracture of lower limb and polyneuropathy in diabetes. KCNQ4 c.546C>G is likely a potentially pathogenic variant of ADNSHL in the elderly population. Genetic counseling, annual audiogram and early assistive listening device intervention are highly recommended to prevent profound hearing impairment in this patient group.
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Wang Q, Li W, Cai C, Hu P, Lai R. miR-153/KCNQ4 axis contributes to noise-induced hearing loss in a mouse model. J Physiol Sci 2021; 71:28. [PMID: 34479475 PMCID: PMC10718010 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-021-00814-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Damage to the cochlear sensory epithelium is a key contributor to noise-induced sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). KCNQ4 plays an important role in the cochlear potassium circulation and outer hair cells survival. As miR-153 can target and regulate KCNQ4, we sought to study the role of miR-153 in SNHL. 12-week-old male CBA/J mice were exposed to 2-20 kHz broadband noise at 96 dB SPL to induce temporary threshold shifts and 101 dB SPL to induce permanent threshold shifts. Hearing loss was determined by auditory brainstem responses (ABR). Relative expression of miR-153 and KCNQ4 in mice cochlea were determined by Real-Time quantitative PCR. miR-153 mimics were co-transfected with wild type or mutated KCNQ4 into HEK293 cells. Luciferase reporter assay was used to validate the binding between miR-153 and KCNQ4. AAV-sp-153 was constructed and administrated intra-peritoneally 24- and 2-h prior and immediately after noise exposure to knockdown miR-153. The KCNQ4 is mainly expressed in outer hair cells (OHCs). We showed that the expression of KCNQ4 in mice cochlea was reduced and miR-153 expression was significantly increased after noise exposure compared to control. miR-153 bound to 3'UTR of KNCQ4, and the knockdown of miR-153 with the AAV-sp-153 administration restored KCNQ4 mRNA and protein expression. In addition, the knockdown of miR-153 reduced ABR threshold shifts at 8, 16, and 32 kHz after permanent threshold shifts (PTS) noise exposure. Correspondingly, OHC losses were attenuated with inhibition of miR-153. This study demonstrates that miR-153 inhibition significantly restores KNCQ4 in cochlea after noise exposure, which attenuates SNHL. Our study provides a new potential therapeutic target in the prevention and treatment of SNHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Cuiyun Cai
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ruosha Lai
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Salah M, de Varebeke SJ, Fransen E, Topsakal V, Van Camp G, Van Rompaey V. Predictive Sensitivity and Concordance of Machine-learning Tools for Diagnosing DFNA9 in a Large Series of p.Pro51Ser Variant Carriers in the COCH-gene. Otol Neurotol 2021; 42:671-677. [PMID: 33492061 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study we aimed to evaluate the predictive cross-sectional sensitivity and longitudinal concordance of a machine-learning algorithm in a series of genetically confirmed p.(Pro51Ser) variant carriers (DFNA9). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Tertiary and secondary referral center. PATIENTS Audiograms of 111 subjects with the p.(Pro51Ser) mutation in the COCH-gene were analyzed cross-sectionally. A subset of 17 subjects with repeated audiograms were used for longitudinal analysis. INTERVENTIONS All audiological thresholds were run through the web-based AudioGene v4.0 software. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Sensitivity for accurate prediction of DFNA9 for cross-sectional data and concordance of correct prediction for longitudinal auditory data. RESULTS DFNA9 was predicted with a sensitivity of 93.7% in a series of 222 cross-sectionally collected audiological thresholds (76.1% as first gene locus). When using the hearing thresholds of the best ear, the sensitivity was 94.6%. The sensitivity was significantly higher in DFNA9 patients aged younger than 40 and aged 60 years or older, compared to the age group of 40 to 59 years, with resp. 97.6% (p < 0.0001) and 98.8% (p < 0.0001) accurate predictions. An average concordance of 91.6% was found to show the same response in all successive longitudinal audiometric data per patient. CONCLUSIONS Audioprofiling software can accurately predict DFNA9 in an area with a high prevalence of confirmed carriers of the p.(Pro51Ser) variant in the COCH-gene. This algorithm yields high promises for helping clinicians in directing genetic testing in case of a strong family history of progressive hearing loss, especially for very young and old carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahadi Salah
- Department Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Antwerp
| | - Sebastien Janssens de Varebeke
- Department Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
| | - Erik Fransen
- StatUa Center for Statistics
- Center for medical genetics, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Vedat Topsakal
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Antwerp
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
| | - Guy Van Camp
- Center for medical genetics, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Vincent Van Rompaey
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Antwerp
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
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Li Q, Liang P, Wang S, Li W, Wang J, Yang Y, An X, Chen J, Zha D. A novel KCNQ4 gene variant (c.857A>G; p.Tyr286Cys) in an extended family with non‑syndromic deafness 2A. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:420. [PMID: 33846771 PMCID: PMC8025472 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Deafness is one of the most common sensory disorders found in humans; notably, >60% of all cases of deafness have been attributed to genetic factors. Variants in potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 4 (KCNQ4) are etiologically linked to a type of progressive hearing loss, deafness non-syndromic autosomal dominant 2A (DFNA2A). In the present study, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on three members of a five-generation Chinese family with 46 members with hearing loss. Pure tone audiometry and Sanger sequencing were performed for 11 family members to determine whether the novel variant in the KCNQ4 gene was segregated with the affected family members. In addition, evolutionary conservation analysis and computational tertiary structure protein prediction of the wild-type KCNQ4 protein and its variant were performed. The family exhibited autosomal dominant, progressive, post-lingual, non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. A novel co-segregating heterozygous missense variant (c.857A>G; p.Tyr286Cys) in the glycine-tyrosine-glycine signature sequence in the pore region of the KCNQ4 channel was identified. This variant was predicted to result in a tyrosine-to-cysteine substitution at position 286 in the KCNQ4 protein. The tyrosine at position 286 is well conserved across different species. The substitution of tyrosine with cysteine would affect the structure of the pore region, resulting in the loss of channel function. The KCNQ4 gene is one of the most common mutated genes observed in patients with autosomal dominant, non-syndromic hearing loss. Taken together, for the family analyzed in the present study, performing WES in conjunction with Sanger sequencing has led to the detection of a novel, potentially causative variant (c.857 A>G; p.Tyr286Cys) in exon 6 of the KCNQ4 gene. The present study has added to the number of pathogenic variants observed in the KCNQ4 gene, and the findings may prove to be useful for both the diagnosis of DFNA2A and in the design of early interventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Li
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Shujuan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Xiaogang An
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Dingjun Zha
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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Abstract
Kv7.1-Kv7.5 (KCNQ1-5) K+ channels are voltage-gated K+ channels with major roles in neurons, muscle cells and epithelia where they underlie physiologically important K+ currents, such as neuronal M current and cardiac IKs. Specific biophysical properties of Kv7 channels make them particularly well placed to control the activity of excitable cells. Indeed, these channels often work as 'excitability breaks' and are targeted by various hormones and modulators to regulate cellular activity outputs. Genetic deficiencies in all five KCNQ genes result in human excitability disorders, including epilepsy, arrhythmias, deafness and some others. Not surprisingly, this channel family attracts considerable attention as potential drug targets. Here we will review biophysical properties and tissue expression profile of Kv7 channels, discuss recent advances in the understanding of their structure as well as their role in various neurological, cardiovascular and other diseases and pathologies. We will also consider a scope for therapeutic targeting of Kv7 channels for treatment of the above health conditions.
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Li T, Wu K, Yue Z, Wang Y, Zhang F, Shen H. Structural Basis for the Modulation of Human KCNQ4 by Small-Molecule Drugs. Mol Cell 2020; 81:25-37.e4. [PMID: 33238160 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Among the five KCNQ channels, also known as the Kv7 voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels, KCNQ2-KCNQ5 control neuronal excitability. Dysfunctions of KCNQ2-KCNQ5 are associated with neurological disorders such as epilepsy, deafness, and neuropathic pain. Here, we report the cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of human KCNQ4 and its complexes with the opener retigabine or the blocker linopirdine at overall resolutions of 2.5, 3.1, and 3.3 Å, respectively. In all structures, a phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) molecule inserts its head group into a cavity within each voltage-sensing domain (VSD), revealing an unobserved binding mode for PIP2. Retigabine nestles in each fenestration, inducing local shifts. Instead of staying within the central pore, linopirdine resides in a cytosolic cavity underneath the inner gate. Electrophysiological analyses of various mutants corroborated the structural observations. Our studies reveal the molecular basis for the modulatory mechanism of neuronal KCNQ channels and provide a framework for structure-facilitated drug discovery targeting these important channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Zhenlei Yue
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Huaizong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China.
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16
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Molecular basis and restoration of function deficiencies of Kv7.4 variants associated with inherited hearing loss. Hear Res 2020; 388:107884. [PMID: 31995783 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.107884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Deafness non-syndromic autosomal dominant 2 (DFNA2) is characterized by symmetric, predominantly high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss that is progressive across all frequencies. The disease is associated with variants of a potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 4 gene, KCNQ4 (Kv7.4). Here, we studied nine recently identified Kv7.4 variants in DFNA2 pedigrees, including V230E, E260K, D262V, Y270H, W275R, G287R, P291L, P291S and S680F. We proved that the variant S680F did not alter the channel function while the other eight variants resulted in function deficiencies. We further proved that the two variants E260K and P291S showed reduced cell membrane expressions while the other seven variants showed moderate cell surface expressions. Thus, trafficking deficiency is not a common mechanism underlying channel dysfunction. Next, we studied two variants, V230E and G287R, using molecular dynamics simulation. We showed that V230E stabilized Kv7.4 channel in the closed state by forming an additional hydrogen bond with a basic residue K325, while G287R distorted the selectivity filter and blocked the pore region of Kv7.4 channel. Moreover, by co-expressing wild-type (WT) and variant proteins in vitro, we demonstrated that the heterogeneous Kv7.4 channel currents were reduced compared to the WT channel currents and the reduction could be rescued by a Kv7.4 opener retigabine. Our study provided the underlying mechanisms and suggested a potential alternative therapeutic approach for DFNA2.
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Jung J, Lin H, Koh YI, Ryu K, Lee JS, Rim JH, Choi HJ, Lee HJ, Kim HY, Yu S, Jin H, Lee JH, Lee MG, Namkung W, Choi JY, Gee HY. Rare KCNQ4 variants found in public databases underlie impaired channel activity that may contribute to hearing impairment. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-12. [PMID: 31434872 PMCID: PMC6802650 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0300-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
KCNQ4 is frequently mutated in autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL), a typically late-onset, initially high-frequency loss that progresses over time (DFNA2). Most KCNQ4 mutations linked to hearing loss are clustered around the pore region of the protein and lead to loss of KCNQ4-mediated potassium currents. To understand the contribution of KCNQ4 variants to NSHL, we surveyed public databases and found 17 loss-of-function and six missense KCNQ4 variants affecting amino acids around the pore region. The missense variants have not been reported as pathogenic and are present at a low frequency (minor allele frequency < 0.0005) in the population. We examined the functional impact of these variants, which, interestingly, induced a reduction in potassium channel activity without altering expression or trafficking of the channel protein, being functionally similar to DFNA2-associated KCNQ4 mutations. Therefore, these variants may be risk factors for late-onset hearing loss, and individuals harboring any one of these variants may develop hearing loss during adulthood. Reduced channel activity could be rescued by KCNQ activators, suggesting the possibility of medical intervention. These findings indicate that KCNQ4 variants may contribute more to late-onset NSHL than expected, and therefore, genetic screening for this gene is important for the prevention and treatment of NSHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsei Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Haiyue Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Young Ik Koh
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Kunhi Ryu
- Yonsei University College of Pharmacy, Incheon, 21983, Korea
| | - Joon Suk Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - John Hoon Rim
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hye Ji Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hak Joon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hye-Youn Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Seyoung Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Jin
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Min Goo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Wan Namkung
- Yonsei University College of Pharmacy, Incheon, 21983, Korea
| | - Jae Young Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - Heon Yung Gee
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
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18
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Ma Y, Wise AK, Shepherd RK, Richardson RT. New molecular therapies for the treatment of hearing loss. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 200:190-209. [PMID: 31075354 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An estimated 466 million people suffer from hearing loss worldwide. Sensorineural hearing loss is characterized by degeneration of key structures of the sensory pathway in the cochlea such as the sensory hair cells, the primary auditory neurons and their synaptic connection to the hair cells - the ribbon synapse. Various strategies to protect or regenerate these sensory cells and structures are the subject of intensive research. Yet despite recent advances in our understandings of the capacity of the cochlea for repair and regeneration there are currently no pharmacological or biological interventions for hearing loss. Current research focusses on localized cochlear drug, gene and cell-based therapies. One of the more promising drug-based therapies is based on neurotrophic factors for the repair of the ribbon synapse after noise exposure, as well as preventing loss of primary auditory neurons and regrowth of the auditory neuron fibers after severe hearing loss. Drug therapy delivery technologies are being employed to address the specific needs of neurotrophin and other therapies for hearing loss that include the need for high doses, long-term delivery, localised or cell-specific targeting and techniques for their safe and efficacious delivery to the cochlea. Novel biomaterials are enabling high payloads of drugs to be administered to the cochlea with subsequent slow-release properties that are proving to be beneficial for treating hearing loss. In parallel, new gene therapy technologies are addressing the need for cell specificity and high efficacy for the treatment of both genetic and acquired hearing loss with promising reports of hearing recovery. Some biomaterials and cell therapies are being used in conjunction with the cochlear implant ensuring therapeutic benefit to the primary neurons during electrical stimulation. This review will introduce the auditory system, hearing loss and the potential for repair and regeneration in the cochlea. Drug delivery to the cochlea will then be reviewed, with a focus on new biomaterials, gene therapy technologies, cell therapy and the use of the cochlear implant as a vehicle for drug delivery. With the current pre-clinical research effort into therapies for hearing loss, including clinical trials for gene therapy, the future for the treatment for hearing loss is looking bright.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Ma
- Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Chemical Engineering, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew K Wise
- Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Medical Bionics Department, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery - Otolaryngology, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robert K Shepherd
- Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Medical Bionics Department, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery - Otolaryngology, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rachael T Richardson
- Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Medical Bionics Department, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery - Otolaryngology, East Melbourne, Australia.
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Zhang X, Ni Y, Liu Y, Zhang L, Zhang M, Fang X, Yang Z, Wang Q, Li H, Xia Y, Zhu Y. Screening of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL)-associated SNPs and the assessment of its genetic susceptibility. Environ Health 2019; 18:30. [PMID: 30947719 PMCID: PMC6449917 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0471-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to screen for noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL)-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and to construct genetic risk prediction models for NIHL in a Chinese population. METHODS Four hundred seventy-six subjects with NIHL and 476 matched controls were recruited from a cross-sectional survey on NIHL in China. A total of 83 candidate SNPs were genotyped using nanofluidic dynamic arrays on a Fluidigm platform. NIHL-associated SNPs were screened with a multiple logistic model, and a genetic risk model was constructed based on the genetic risk score (GRS). The results were validated using a prospective cohort population. RESULTS Seven SNPs in the CDH23, PCDH15, EYA4, MYO1A, KCNMA1, and OTOG genes were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with the risk of NIHL, whereas seven other SNPs were marginally (P > 0.05 and P < 0.1) associated with the risk of NIHL. A positive correlation was observed between GRS values and odds ratio (OR) for NIHL. Two SNPs, namely, rs212769 and rs7910544, were validated in the cohort study. Subjects with higher GRS (≧9) showed a higher risk of NIHL incidence with an OR of 2.00 (95% CI = 1.04, 3.86). CONCLUSIONS Genetic susceptibility plays an important role in the incidence of NIHL. GRS values, which are based on NIHL-associated SNPs. GRS may be utilized in the evaluation of genetic risk for NIHL and in the determination of NIHL susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Zhang
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaqin Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Respiratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Respiratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Hangzhou Hospital for Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meibian Zhang
- Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyan Fang
- Yongkang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yongkang, 321304, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangping Yang
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Hangzhou Hospital for Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Li
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuyong Xia
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Respiratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Tawfik KO, Klepper K, Saliba J, Friedman RA. Advances in understanding of presbycusis. J Neurosci Res 2019; 98:1685-1697. [PMID: 30950547 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of age-related hearing loss (ARHL), or presbycusis, involves a complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors. The fundamental biomolecular mechanisms of ARHL have been well described, including the roles of membrane transport, reactive oxygen species, cochlear synaptopathy, vascular insults, hormones, and microRNA, to name a few. The genetic basis underlying these mechanisms remains under-investigated and poorly understood. The emergence of genome-wide association studies has allowed for the identification of specific groups of genes involved in ARHL. This review highlights recent advances in understanding of the pathogenesis of ARHL, the genetic basis underlying these processes and suggests future directions for research and potential therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem O Tawfik
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California
| | - Kristin Klepper
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Joe Saliba
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California
| | - Rick A Friedman
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California
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Whole-exome sequencing identifies two novel mutations in KCNQ4 in individuals with nonsyndromic hearing loss. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16659. [PMID: 30413759 PMCID: PMC6226507 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34876-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 4 (KCNQ4) are etiologically linked to a type of nonsyndromic hearing loss, deafness nonsyndromic autosomal dominant 2 (DFNA2). We performed whole-exome sequencing for 98 families with hearing loss and found mutations in KCNQ4 in five families. In this study, we characterized two novel mutations in KCNQ4: a missense mutation (c.796G>T; p.Asp266Tyr) and an in-frame deletion mutation (c.259_267del; p.Val87_Asn89del). p.Asp266Tyr located in the channel pore region resulted in early onset and moderate hearing loss, whereas p.Val87_Asn89del located in the N-terminal cytoplasmic region resulted in late onset and high frequency-specific hearing loss. When heterologously expressed in HEK 293 T cells, both mutant proteins did not show defects in protein trafficking to the plasma membrane or in interactions with wild-type (WT) KCNQ4 channels. Patch-clamp analysis demonstrated that both p.Asp266Tyr and p.Val87_Asn89del mutant channels lost conductance and were completely unresponsive to KCNQ activators, such as retigabine, zinc pyrithione, and ML213. Channels assembled from WT-p.Asp266Tyr concatemers, like those from WT-WT concatemers, exhibited conductance and responsiveness to KCNQ activators. However, channels assembled from WT-p.Val87_Asn89del concatemers showed impaired conductance, suggesting that p.Val87_Asn89del caused complete loss-of-function with a strong dominant-negative effect on functional WT channels. Therefore, the main pathological mechanism may be related to loss of K+ channel activity, not defects in trafficking.
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22
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Pawlak-Osiñska K, Linkowska K, Grzybowski T. Genes important for otoneurological diagnostic purposes - current status and future prospects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 38:242-250. [PMID: 29984802 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-1692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY This review focuses on the current knowledge of the genes responsible for non-syndromic hearing loss that can be useful for otoneurological diagnostic purposes. From among a large number of genes that have been associated with non-syndromic hearing impairment, we selected several best-known genes, including the COCH gene, GJB2, GJB6 and SLC26A4, and we describe their role and effects of mutations and prevalence of mutations in various populations. Next, we focus on genes associated with tinnitus. Important areas for further research include assessment of genes potentially involved in pathophysiology of tinnitus and vertigo, which have traditionally been considered as being of otological aetiology, while advances in neuroimaging techniques have increasingly shifted studies toward neurological correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Pawlak-Osiñska
- Department of Otolaryngology and Oncology Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University, Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - K Linkowska
- Department of Forensic Medicine Division of Molecular and Forensic Genetics Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University, Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - T Grzybowski
- Department of Forensic Medicine Division of Molecular and Forensic Genetics Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University, Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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23
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Lee C, Jones TA. Acute blockade of inner ear marginal and dark cell K + secretion: Effects on gravity receptor function. Hear Res 2018; 361:152-156. [PMID: 29459166 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Specific pharmacological blockade of KCNQ (Kv7) channels with XE991 rapidly (within 20 min) and profoundly alters inner ear gravity receptor responses to head motion (Lee et al., 2017). We hypothesized that these effects were attributable to the suppression of K+ secretion following blockade of KCNQ1-KCNE1 channels in vestibular dark cells and marginal cells. To test this hypothesis, K+ secretion was independently inhibited by blocking the Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC1, Slc12a2) rather than KCNQ1-KCNE1 channels. Acute blockade of NKCC1 with ethacrynic acid (40 mg/kg) eliminated auditory responses (ABRs) within approximately 70 min of injection, but had no effect on vestibular gravity receptor function (VsEPs) over a period of 2 h in the same animals. These findings show that, vestibular gravity receptors are highly resistant to acute disruption of endolymph secretion unlike the auditory system. Based on this we argue that acute suppression of K+ secretion alone does not likely account for the rapid profound effects of XE991 on gravity receptors. Instead the effects of XE991 likely require additional action at KCNQ channels located within the sensory epithelium itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choongheon Lee
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, Lincoln, NE 68583-0738, USA.
| | - Timothy A Jones
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, Lincoln, NE 68583-0738, USA.
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Wang Y, Li J, Yao X, Li W, Du H, Tang M, Xiong W, Chai R, Xu Z. Loss of CIB2 Causes Profound Hearing Loss and Abolishes Mechanoelectrical Transduction in Mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:401. [PMID: 29255404 PMCID: PMC5722843 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium and integrin-binding protein 2 (CIB2) belongs to a protein family with four known members, CIB1 through CIB4, which are characterized by multiple calcium-binding EF-hand domains. Among the family members, the Cib1 and Cib2 genes are expressed in mouse cochlear hair cells, and mutations in the human CIB2 gene have been associated with nonsyndromic deafness DFNB48 and syndromic deafness USH1J. To further explore the function of CIB1 and CIB2 in hearing, we established Cib1 and Cib2 knockout mice using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated Cas9 nuclease (CRISPR/Cas9) genome editing technique. We found that loss of CIB1 protein does not affect auditory function, whereas loss of CIB2 protein causes profound hearing loss in mice. Further investigation revealed that hair cell stereocilia development is affected in Cib2 knockout mice. Noticeably, loss of CIB2 abolishes mechanoelectrical transduction (MET) currents in auditory hair cells. In conclusion, we show here that although both CIB1 and CIB2 are readily detected in the cochlea, only loss of CIB2 results in profound hearing loss, and that CIB2 is essential for auditory hair cell MET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuerui Yao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Haibo Du
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Symonds JD, Zuberi SM. Genetics update: Monogenetics, polygene disorders and the quest for modifying genes. Neuropharmacology 2017; 132:3-19. [PMID: 29037745 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The genetic channelopathies are a broad collection of diseases. Many ion channel genes demonstrate wide phenotypic pleiotropy, but nonetheless concerted efforts have been made to characterise genotype-phenotype relationships. In this review we give an overview of the factors that influence genotype-phenotype relationships across this group of diseases as a whole, using specific individual channelopathies as examples. We suggest reasons for the limitations observed in these relationships. We discuss the role of ion channel variation in polygenic disease and highlight research that has contributed to unravelling the complex aetiological nature of these conditions. We focus specifically on the quest for modifying genes in inherited channelopathies, using the voltage-gated sodium channels as an example. Epilepsy related to genetic channelopathy is one area in which precision medicine is showing promise. We will discuss the successes and limitations of precision medicine in these conditions. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Channelopathies.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Symonds
- The Paediatric Neurosciences Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Queen Elizabeth University Hospitals, Glasgow, UK; School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sameer M Zuberi
- The Paediatric Neurosciences Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Queen Elizabeth University Hospitals, Glasgow, UK; School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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26
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Adhikary B, Bankura B, Biswas S, Paul S, Das M. Absence of KCNQ4 mutation in Bengali families with ADNSHL originated from West Bengal, India. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 100:35-38. [PMID: 28802383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autosomal Dominant Non-Syndromic Hearing Loss (ADNSHL) is extremely heterogeneous in nature. More than 60 loci with 30 different genes have been identified linked to ADNSHL. Mutation in KCNQ4 is considered as one of the most common causative factor responsible for ADNSHL. No study focused on the genetic alteration of KCNQ4 gene among hearing loss patients in India. The present study for the first time was carried out to determine the mutation spectrum of KCNQ4 gene in ADNSHL patients of West Bengal state, India. METHOD Twenty nine individuals from 10 independent ADNSHL family (with two or more generation affected) were studied both clinically and genetically. Most of the patients showed moderate progressive sensorineural hearing loss. Mutation analysis was conducted for KCNQ4 gene using polymerase chain reaction followed by direct sequencing. RESULTS Neither any reported nor a novel pathogenic mutation in KCNQ4was detected in our studied group, in contrast to the findings among East Asians. CONCLUSION The result of the present study suggests that mutations in KCNQ4 gene are unlikely to be a major causative factor of ADNSHL in our studied patients from West Bengal, India, pointing to other genes might be responsible for ADNSHL in our studied patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidisha Adhikary
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Biswabandhu Bankura
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhradev Biswas
- Department of E.N.T, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research, 244 A J C Bose Road, Kolkata 700020, West Bengal, India
| | - Silpita Paul
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Madhusudan Das
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India.
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Lee C, Holt JC, Jones TA. Effect of M-current modulation on mammalian vestibular responses to transient head motion. J Neurophysiol 2017; 118:2991-3006. [PMID: 28855291 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00384.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise role and mechanisms underlying efferent modulation of peripheral vestibular afferent function are not well understood in mammals. Clarifying the details of efferent action may lead to new strategies for clinical management of debilitating disturbances in vestibular and balance function. Recent evidence in turtle indicates that efferent modulation of M-currents is likely one mechanism for modifying afferent discharge. M-currents depend in part on KCNQ potassium conductances (Kv7), which can be adjusted through efferent activation of M1, M3, and/or M5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). How KCNQ channels and altered M-currents affect vestibular afferent function in vivo is unclear, and whether such a mechanism operates in mammals is unknown. In this study we used the KCNQ antagonist XE991 and the KCNQ activator retigabine in anesthetized mice to evaluate the effects of M-current modulation on peripheral vestibular responses to transient head motion. At low doses of XE991, responses were modestly enhanced, becoming larger in amplitude and shorter in latency. Higher doses of XE991 produced transient response enhancement, followed by steady-state suppression where latencies and thresholds increased and amplitudes decreased. Retigabine produced opposite effects. Auditory function was also impacted, based on results of companion auditory brain stem response testing. We propose that closure of KCNQ channels transforms vestibular afferent behavior by suppressing responses to transient high-frequency stimuli while simultaneously enhancing responses to sustained low-frequency stimulation. Our results clearly demonstrate that KCNQ channels are critical for normal mammalian vestibular function and suggest that efferent action may utilize these mechanisms to modulate the dynamic characteristics and gain of vestibular afferent responses.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The role of calyceal KCNQ channels and associated M-current in normal mammalian vestibular function is unknown. Our results show that calyceal KCNQ channels are critical for normal vestibular function in the intact mammal. The findings provide evidence that efferent modulation of M-currents may act normally to differentially adjust the sensitivity of vestibular neurons to transient and tonic stimulation and that such mechanisms may be targeted to achieve effective clinical management of vestibular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choongheon Lee
- Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska; and
| | - J Chris Holt
- Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Neuroscience, and Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Timothy A Jones
- Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska; and
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28
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Runge CL, Indap A, Zhou Y, Kent JW, King E, Erbe CB, Cole R, Littrell J, Merath K, James R, Rüschendorf F, Kerschner JE, Marth G, Hübner N, Göring HHH, Friedland DR, Kwok WM, Olivier M. Association of TMTC2 With Human Nonsyndromic Sensorineural Hearing Loss. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017; 142:866-72. [PMID: 27311106 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2016.1444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is commonly caused by conditions that affect cochlear structures or the auditory nerve, and the genes identified as causing SNHL to date only explain a fraction of the overall genetic risk for this debilitating disorder. It is likely that other genes and mutations also cause SNHL. OBJECTIVE To identify a candidate gene that causes bilateral, symmetric, progressive SNHL in a large multigeneration family of Northern European descent. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this prospective genotype and phenotype study performed from January 1, 2006, through April 1, 2016, a 6-generation family of Northern European descent with 19 individuals having reported early-onset hearing loss suggestive of an autosomal dominant inheritance were studied at a tertiary academic medical center. In addition, 179 unrelated adult individuals with SNHL and 186 adult individuals reporting nondeafness were examined. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Sensorineural hearing loss. RESULTS Nine family members (5 women [55.6%]) provided clinical audiometric and medical records that documented hearing loss. The hearing loss is characterized as bilateral, symmetric, progressive SNHL that reached severe to profound loss in childhood. Audiometric configurations demonstrated a characteristic dip at 1000 to 2000 Hz. All affected family members wear hearing aids or have undergone cochlear implantation. Exome sequencing and linkage and association analyses identified a fully penetrant sequence variant (rs35725509) on chromosome 12q21 (logarithm of odds, 3.3) in the TMTC2 gene region that segregates with SNHL in this family. This gene explains the SNHL occurrence in this family. The variant is also associated with SNHL in a cohort of 363 unrelated individuals (179 patients with confirmed SNHL and 184 controls, P = 7 × 10-4). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE A previously uncharacterized gene, TMTC2, has been identified as a candidate for causing progressive SNHL in humans. This finding identifies a novel locus that causes autosomal dominant SNHL and therefore a more detailed understanding of the genetic basis of SNHL. Because TMTC2 has not been previously reported to regulate auditory function, the discovery reveals a potentially new, uncharacterized mechanism of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Runge
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Amit Indap
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Jack W Kent
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio
| | - Ericka King
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Christy B Erbe
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Regina Cole
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Jack Littrell
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Kate Merath
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Roland James
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | | | - Joseph E Kerschner
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Gabor Marth
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
| | - Norbert Hübner
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Harald H H Göring
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio
| | - David R Friedland
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Wai-Meng Kwok
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee8Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Michael Olivier
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio5Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
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Le TN, Straatman LV, Lea J, Westerberg B. Current insights in noise-induced hearing loss: a literature review of the underlying mechanism, pathophysiology, asymmetry, and management options. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017; 46:41. [PMID: 28535812 PMCID: PMC5442866 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-017-0219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noise-induced hearing loss is one of the most common forms of sensorineural hearing loss, is a major health problem, is largely preventable and is probably more widespread than revealed by conventional pure tone threshold testing. Noise-induced damage to the cochlea is traditionally considered to be associated with symmetrical mild to moderate hearing loss with associated tinnitus; however, there is a significant number of patients with asymmetrical thresholds and, depending on the exposure, severe to profound hearing loss as well. MAIN BODY Recent epidemiology and animal studies have provided further insight into the pathophysiology, clinical findings, social and economic impacts of noise-induced hearing loss. Furthermore, it is recently shown that acoustic trauma is associated with vestibular dysfunction, with associated dizziness that is not always measurable with current techniques. Deliberation of the prevalence, treatment and prevention of noise-induced hearing loss is important and timely. Currently, prevention and protection are the first lines of defence, although promising protective effects are emerging from multiple different pharmaceutical agents, such as steroids, antioxidants and neurotrophins. CONCLUSION This review provides a comprehensive update on the pathophysiology, investigations, prevalence of asymmetry, associated symptoms, and current strategies on the prevention and treatment of noise-induced hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung N. Le
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Louise V. Straatman
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Jane Lea
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Brian Westerberg
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
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30
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Huang B, Liu Y, Gao X, Xu J, Dai P, Zhu Q, Yuan Y. A novel pore-region mutation, c.887G > A (p.G296D) in KCNQ4, causing hearing loss in a Chinese family with autosomal dominant non-syndromic deafness 2. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:36. [PMID: 28340560 PMCID: PMC5366164 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0396-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary non-syndromic hearing loss is the most common inherited sensory defect in humans. The KCNQ4 channel belongs to a family of potassium ion channels that play crucial roles in physiology and disease. Mutations in KCNQ4 underlie deafness non-syndromic autosomal dominant 2, a subtype of autosomal dominant, progressive, high-frequency hearing loss. METHODS A six-generation Chinese family from Hebei Province with autosomal dominantly inherited, sensorineural, postlingual, progressive hearing loss was enrolled in this study. Mutation screening of 129 genes associated with hearing loss was performed in five family members by next-generation sequencing (NGS). We also carried out variant analysis on DNA from 531 Chinese individuals with normal hearing as controls. RESULTS This family exhibits postlingual, progressive, symmetrical, bilateral, non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. NGS, bioinformatic analysis, and Sanger sequencing confirmed the co-segregation of a novel mutation [c.887G > A (p.G296D)] in KCNQ4 with the disease phenotype in this family. This mutation leads to a glycine-to-aspartic acid substitution at position 296 in the pore region of the KCNQ4 channel. This mutation affects a highly conserved glutamic acid. NGS is a highly efficient tool for identifying gene mutations causing heritable disease. CONCLUSIONS Progressive hearing loss is common in individuals with KCNQ4 mutations. NGS together with Sanger sequencing confirmed that the five affected members of this Chinese family inherited a missense mutation, c.887G > A (p.G296D), in exon 6 of KCNQ4. Our results increase the number of identified KCNQ4 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangqing Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, 572013, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, General Hospital of the Rocket Force, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Xue Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, General Hospital of the Rocket Force, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Jincao Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, General Hospital of the Rocket Force, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Pu Dai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Qingwen Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital Of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China.
| | - Yongyi Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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31
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Naranjo D, Moldenhauer H, Pincuntureo M, Díaz-Franulic I. Pore size matters for potassium channel conductance. J Gen Physiol 2016; 148:277-91. [PMID: 27619418 PMCID: PMC5037345 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201611625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels are membrane proteins that mediate efficient ion transport across the hydrophobic core of cell membranes, an unlikely process in their absence. K+ channels discriminate K+ over cations with similar radii with extraordinary selectivity and display a wide diversity of ion transport rates, covering differences of two orders of magnitude in unitary conductance. The pore domains of large- and small-conductance K+ channels share a general architectural design comprising a conserved narrow selectivity filter, which forms intimate interactions with permeant ions, flanked by two wider vestibules toward the internal and external openings. In large-conductance K+ channels, the inner vestibule is wide, whereas in small-conductance channels it is narrow. Here we raise the idea that the physical dimensions of the hydrophobic internal vestibule limit ion transport in K+ channels, accounting for their diversity in unitary conductance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Naranjo
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2360103, Chile
| | - Hans Moldenhauer
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2360103, Chile
| | - Matías Pincuntureo
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2360103, Chile Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias, mención Biofísica y Biología Computacional, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360103, Chile
| | - Ignacio Díaz-Franulic
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2360103, Chile Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile Fraunhofer Chile Research, Las Condes 7550296, Chile
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32
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Nie H, Ma X, Xu Z. Alternative splicing of inner-ear-expressed genes. Front Med 2016; 10:250-7. [PMID: 27376950 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-016-0454-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alternative splicing plays a fundamental role in the development and physiological function of the inner ear. Inner-ear-specific gene splicing is necessary to establish the identity and maintain the function of the inner ear. For example, exon 68 of Cadherin 23 (Cdh23) gene is subject to inner-ear-specific alternative splicing, and as a result, Cdh23(+ 68) is only expressed in inner ear hair cells. Alternative splicing along the tonotopic axis of the cochlea contributes to frequency tuning, particularly in lower vertebrates, such as chickens and turtles. Differential splicing of Kcnma1, which encodes for the α subunit of the Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel (BK channel), has been suggested to affect the channel gating properties and is important for frequency tuning. Consequently, deficits in alternative splicing have been shown to cause hearing loss, as we can observe in Bronx Waltzer (bv) mice and Sfswap mutant mice. Despite the advances in this field, the regulation of alternative splicing in the inner ear remains elusive. Further investigation is also needed to clarify the mechanism of hearing loss caused by alternative splicing deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yueyue Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Hongyun Nie
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Xin Ma
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
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33
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Sapio MR, Goswami SC, Gross JR, Mannes AJ, Iadarola MJ. Transcriptomic analyses of genes and tissues in inherited sensory neuropathies. Exp Neurol 2016; 283:375-395. [PMID: 27343803 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Inherited sensory neuropathies are caused by mutations in genes affecting either primary afferent neurons, or the Schwann cells that myelinate them. Using RNA-Seq, we analyzed the transcriptome of human and rat DRG and peripheral nerve, which contain sensory neurons and Schwann cells, respectively. We subdivide inherited sensory neuropathies based on expression of the mutated gene in these tissues, as well as in mouse TRPV1 lineage DRG nociceptive neurons, and across 32 human tissues from the Human Protein Atlas. We propose that this comprehensive approach to neuropathy gene expression leads to better understanding of the involved cell types in patients with these disorders. We also characterize the genetic "fingerprint" of both tissues, and present the highly tissue-specific genes in DRG and sciatic nerve that may aid in the development of gene panels to improve diagnostics for genetic neuropathies, and may represent specific drug targets for diseases of these tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Sapio
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Samridhi C Goswami
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacklyn R Gross
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew J Mannes
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael J Iadarola
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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34
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KCNQ potassium channels in sensory system and neural circuits. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:25-33. [PMID: 26687932 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2015.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
M channels, an important regulator of neural excitability, are composed of four subunits of the Kv7 (KCNQ) K(+) channel family. M channels were named as such because their activity was suppressed by stimulation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. These channels are of particular interest because they are activated at the subthreshold membrane potentials. Furthermore, neural KCNQ channels are drug targets for the treatments of epilepsy and a variety of neurological disorders, including chronic and neuropathic pain, deafness, and mental illness. This review will update readers on the roles of KCNQ channels in the sensory system and neural circuits as well as discuss their respective mechanisms and the implications for physiology and medicine. We will also consider future perspectives and the development of additional pharmacological models, such as seizure, stroke, pain and mental illness, which work in combination with drug-design targeting of KCNQ channels. These models will hopefully deepen our understanding of KCNQ channels and provide general therapeutic prospects of related channelopathies.
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35
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Sihn CR, Kim HJ, Woltz RL, Yarov-Yarovoy V, Yang PC, Xu J, Clancy CE, Zhang XD, Chiamvimonvat N, Yamoah EN. Mechanisms of Calmodulin Regulation of Different Isoforms of Kv7.4 K+ Channels. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:2499-509. [PMID: 26515070 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.668236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM), a Ca(2+)-sensing protein, is constitutively bound to IQ domains of the C termini of human Kv7 (hKv7, KCNQ) channels to mediate Ca(2+)-dependent reduction of Kv7 currents. However, the mechanism remains unclear. We report that CaM binds to two isoforms of the hKv7.4 channel in a Ca(2+)-independent manner but that only the long isoform (hKv7.4a) is regulated by Ca(2+)/CaM. Ca(2+)/CaM mediate reduction of the hKv7.4a channel by decreasing the channel open probability and altering activation kinetics. We took advantage of a known missense mutation (G321S) that has been linked to progressive hearing loss to further examine the inhibitory effects of Ca(2+)/CaM on the Kv7.4 channel. Using multidisciplinary techniques, we demonstrate that the G321S mutation may destabilize CaM binding, leading to a decrease in the inhibitory effects of Ca(2+) on the channels. Our study utilizes an expression system to dissect the biophysical properties of the WT and mutant Kv7.4 channels. This report provides mechanistic insights into the critical roles of Ca(2+)/CaM regulation of the Kv7.4 channel under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choong-Ryoul Sihn
- From the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Program in Communication Science, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada 85997
| | - Hyo Jeong Kim
- the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
| | - Ryan L Woltz
- the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
| | - Vladimir Yarov-Yarovoy
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, and the Northern California Health Care System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Mather, California 95655, and
| | - Pei-Chi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616
| | - Jun Xu
- the Department of Engineering Technology, College of Science and Technology, Tarleton State University, Stephenville, Texas 76402
| | - Colleen E Clancy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Northern California Health Care System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Mather, California 95655, and
| | - Nipavan Chiamvimonvat
- the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Northern California Health Care System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Mather, California 95655, and
| | - Ebenezer N Yamoah
- From the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Program in Communication Science, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada 85997,
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Humphries ESA, Dart C. Neuronal and Cardiovascular Potassium Channels as Therapeutic Drug Targets: Promise and Pitfalls. JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR SCREENING 2015; 20:1055-73. [PMID: 26303307 PMCID: PMC4576507 DOI: 10.1177/1087057115601677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Potassium (K(+)) channels, with their diversity, often tissue-defined distribution, and critical role in controlling cellular excitability, have long held promise of being important drug targets for the treatment of dysrhythmias in the heart and abnormal neuronal activity within the brain. With the exception of drugs that target one particular class, ATP-sensitive K(+) (KATP) channels, very few selective K(+) channel activators or inhibitors are currently licensed for clinical use in cardiovascular and neurological disease. Here we review what a range of human genetic disorders have told us about the role of specific K(+) channel subunits, explore the potential of activators and inhibitors of specific channel populations as a therapeutic strategy, and discuss possible reasons for the difficulty in designing clinically relevant K(+) channel modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline Dart
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
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Svidnicki MCCM, Silva-Costa SM, Ramos PZ, dos Santos NZP, Martins FTA, Castilho AM, Sartorato EL. Screening of genetic alterations related to non-syndromic hearing loss using MassARRAY iPLEX® technology. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2015; 16:85. [PMID: 26399936 PMCID: PMC4581412 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-015-0232-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advances in molecular genetics have enabled to determine the genetic causes of non-syndromic hearing loss, and more than 100 genes have been related to the phenotype. Due to this extraordinary genetic heterogeneity, a large percentage of patients remain without any molecular diagnosis. This condition imply the need for new methodological strategies in order to detect a greater number of mutations in multiple genes. In this work, we optimized and tested a panel of 86 mutations in 17 different genes screened using a high-throughput genotyping technology to determine the molecular etiology of hearing loss. METHODS The technology used in this work was the MassARRAY iPLEX® platform. This technology uses silicon chips and DNA amplification products for accurate genotyping by mass spectrometry of previous reported mutations. The generated results were validated using conventional techniques, as direct sequencing, multiplex PCR and RFLP-PCR. RESULTS An initial genotyping of control subjects, showed failures in 20 % of the selected alterations. To optimize these results, the failed tests were re-designed and new primers were synthesized. Then, the specificity and sensitivity of the panel demonstrated values above 97 %. Additionally, a group of 180 individuals with NSHL without a molecular diagnosis was screened to test the diagnostic value of our panel, and mutations were identified in 30 % of the cases. In 20 % of the individuals, it was possible to explain the etiology of the HL. Mutations in GJB2 gene were the most prevalent, followed by other mutations in in SLC26A4, CDH23, MT-RNR1, MYO15A, and OTOF genes. CONCLUSIONS The MassARRAY technology has the potential for high-throughput identification of genetic variations. However, we demonstrated that optimization is required to increase the genotyping success and accuracy. The developed panel proved to be efficient and cost-effective, being suitable for applications involving the molecular diagnosis of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carolina Costa Melo Svidnicki
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Center (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sueli Matilde Silva-Costa
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Center (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Zonzini Ramos
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Center (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Nathalia Zocal Pereira dos Santos
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Center (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fábio Tadeu Arrojo Martins
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Center (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Arthur Menino Castilho
- ENT Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Edi Lúcia Sartorato
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Center (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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A novel frameshift mutation in KCNQ4 in a family with autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:582-6. [PMID: 26036578 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mutation of KCNQ4 has been reported to cause autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (DFNA2A) that usually presents as progressive hearing loss starting from mild to moderate hearing loss during childhood. Here, we identified a novel KCNQ4 mutation, c.1044_1051del8, in a family with autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss. The proband was homozygous for the mutation and was born to consanguineous parents; she showed severe hearing loss that was either congenital or of early childhood onset. The proband had a sister who was heterozygous for the mutation but showed normal hearing. The mutation caused a frameshift that eliminated most of the cytoplasmic C-terminus, including the A-domain, which has an important role for protein tetramerization, and the B-segment, which is a binding site for calmodulin (CaM) that regulates channel function via Ca ions. The fact that the heterozygote had normal hearing indicates that sufficient tetramerization and CaM binding sites were present to preserve a normal phenotype even when only half the proteins contained an A-domain and B-segment. On the other hand, the severe hearing loss in the homozygote suggests that complete loss of the A-domain and B-segment in the protein caused loss of function due to the failure of tetramer formation and CaM binding. This family suggests that some KCNQ4 mutations can cause autosomal recessive hearing loss with more severe phenotype in addition to autosomal dominant hearing loss with milder phenotype. This genotype-phenotype correlation is analogous to that in KCNQ1 which causes autosomal dominant hereditary long QT syndrome 1 with milder phenotype and the autosomal recessive Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome 1 with more severe phenotype due to deletion of the cytoplasmic C-terminus of the potassium channel.
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Simons C, Rash LD, Crawford J, Ma L, Cristofori-Armstrong B, Miller D, Ru K, Baillie GJ, Alanay Y, Jacquinet A, Debray FG, Verloes A, Shen J, Yesil G, Guler S, Yuksel A, Cleary JG, Grimmond SM, McGaughran J, King GF, Gabbett MT, Taft RJ. Mutations in the voltage-gated potassium channel gene KCNH1 cause Temple-Baraitser syndrome and epilepsy. Nat Genet 2014; 47:73-7. [PMID: 25420144 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Temple-Baraitser syndrome (TBS) is a multisystem developmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability, epilepsy, and hypoplasia or aplasia of the nails of the thumb and great toe. Here we report damaging de novo mutations in KCNH1 (encoding a protein called ether à go-go, EAG1 or KV10.1), a voltage-gated potassium channel that is predominantly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), in six individuals with TBS. Characterization of the mutant channels in both Xenopus laevis oocytes and human HEK293T cells showed a decreased threshold of activation and delayed deactivation, demonstrating that TBS-associated KCNH1 mutations lead to deleterious gain of function. Consistent with this result, we find that two mothers of children with TBS, who have epilepsy but are otherwise healthy, are low-level (10% and 27%) mosaic carriers of pathogenic KCNH1 mutations. Consistent with recent reports, this finding demonstrates that the etiology of many unresolved CNS disorders, including epilepsies, might be explained by pathogenic mosaic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cas Simons
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lachlan D Rash
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joanna Crawford
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Linlin Ma
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ben Cristofori-Armstrong
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Miller
- 1] Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. [2] Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kelin Ru
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gregory J Baillie
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yasemin Alanay
- Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adeline Jacquinet
- Center for Human Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire and University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Alain Verloes
- 1] Department of Genetics, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France. [2] INSERM UMR 1141, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Joseph Shen
- Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Central California, Madera, California, USA
| | - Gözde Yesil
- Department of Medical Genetics, Bezmialem Vakif University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serhat Guler
- Department of Medical Genetics, Bezmialem Vakif University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adnan Yuksel
- Department of Medical Genetics, Bezmialem Vakif University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Sean M Grimmond
- 1] Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. [2] Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Julie McGaughran
- 1] Genetic Health Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. [2] School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Glenn F King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael T Gabbett
- 1] Genetic Health Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. [2] School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ryan J Taft
- 1] Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. [2] Department of Integrated Systems Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. [3] Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. [4] Illumina, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
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Wang H, Zhao Y, Yi Y, Gao Y, Liu Q, Wang D, Li Q, Lan L, Li N, Guan J, Yin Z, Han B, Zhao F, Zong L, Xiong W, Yu L, Song L, Yi X, Yang L, Petit C, Wang Q. Targeted high-throughput sequencing identifies pathogenic mutations in KCNQ4 in two large Chinese families with autosomal dominant hearing loss. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103133. [PMID: 25116015 PMCID: PMC4130520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (ADNSHL) is highly heterogeneous, among them, KCNQ4 is one of the most frequent disease-causing genes. More than twenty KCNQ4 mutations have been reported, but none of them were detected in Chinese mainland families. In this study, we identified a novel KCNQ4 mutation in a five generation Chinese family with 84 members and a known KCNQ4 mutation in a six generation Chinese family with 66 members. Mutation screening of 30 genes for ADNSHL was performed in the probands from thirty large Chinese families with ADNSHL by targeted region capture and high-throughput sequencing. The candidate variants and the co-segregation of the phenotype were verified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and Sanger sequencing in all ascertained family members. Then we identified a novel KCNQ4 mutation p.W275R in exon 5 and a known KCNQ4 mutation p.G285S in exon 6 in two large Chinese ADNSHL families segregating with post-lingual high frequency-involved and progressive sensorineural hearing loss. This is the first report of KCNQ4 mutation in Chinese mainland families. KCNQ4, a member of voltage-gated potassium channel family, is likely to be a common gene in Chinese patients with ADNSHL. The results also support that the combination of targeted enrichment and high-throughput sequencing is a valuable molecular diagnostic tool for autosomal dominant hereditary deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Wang
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Zhao
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yun Gao
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Lan
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Na Li
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Guan
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Zifang Yin
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Han
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Feifan Zhao
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Zong
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Wenping Xiong
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Yu
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xin Yi
- BGI-Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Christine Petit
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI), Paris, France
- Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Qiuju Wang
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Progress and prospects in human genetic research into age-related hearing impairment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:390601. [PMID: 25140308 PMCID: PMC4130297 DOI: 10.1155/2014/390601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Age-related hearing impairment (ARHI) is a complex, multifactorial disorder that is attributable to confounding intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The degree of impairment shows substantial variation between individuals, as is also observed in the senescence of other functions. This individual variation would seem to refute the stereotypical view that hearing deterioration with age is inevitable and may indicate that there is ample scope for preventive intervention. Genetic predisposition could account for a sizable proportion of interindividual variation. Over the past decade or so, tremendous progress has been made through research into the genetics of various forms of hearing impairment, including ARHI and our knowledge of the complex mechanisms of auditory function has increased substantially. Here, we give an overview of recent investigations aimed at identifying the genetic risk factors involved in ARHI and of what we currently know about its pathophysiology. This review is divided into the following sections: (i) genes causing monogenic hearing impairment with phenotypic similarities to ARHI; (ii) genes involved in oxidative stress, biologic stress responses, and mitochondrial dysfunction; and (iii) candidate genes for senescence, other geriatric diseases, and neurodegeneration. Progress and prospects in genetic research are discussed.
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Schrijver I, Gardner P. Hereditary sensorineural hearing loss: advances in molecular genetics and mutation analysis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 6:375-86. [PMID: 16706740 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.6.3.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss has a genetic etiology in the majority of cases and is very common. The universal newborn hearing screening program, together with remarkable recent progress in the characterization of genes associated with the function of hearing, have resulted in increased demand and exciting possibilities of detecting the molecular basis of hereditary hearing loss through DNA testing. Future molecular diagnostic assays are expected to offer a greater variety of gene-specific tests, as well as combined mutation panels, which will aid in the management of the impressive genetic heterogeneity observed in hereditary hearing loss, especially in individuals with nonsyndromic forms. This review addresses the genetics of hearing loss, discusses the most commonly offered genetic assays for nonsyndromic hearing loss, with advantages and limitations, proposes a practical testing algorithm, and highlights current developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Schrijver
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology & Pediatrics, L235, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Charif M, Boulouiz R, Bakhechane A, Benrahma H, Nahili H, Eloualid A, Rouba H, Kandil M, Abidi O, Lenaers G, Barakat A. Genetic and molecular analysis of the CLDN14 gene in Moroccan family with non-syndromic hearing loss. INDIAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 2013; 19:331-6. [PMID: 24339547 PMCID: PMC3841559 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6866.120828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hearing loss is the most prevalent human genetic sensorineural defect. Mutations in the CLDN14 gene, encoding the tight junction claudin 14 protein expressed in the inner ear, have been shown to cause non-syndromic recessive hearing loss DFNB29. AIM: We describe a Moroccan SF7 family with non-syndromic hearing loss. We performed linkage analysis in this family and sequencing to identify the mutation causing deafness. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Genetic linkage analysis, suggested the involvement of CLDN14 and KCNE1 gene in deafness in this family. Mutation screening was performed using direct sequencing of the CLDN14 and KCNE1 coding exon gene. RESULTS: Our results show the presence of c.11C>T mutation in the CLDN14 gene. Transmission analysis of this mutation in the family showed that the three affected individuals are homozygous, whereas parents and three healthy individuals are heterozygous. This mutation induces a substitution of threonine to methionine at position 4. CONCLUSION: These data show that CLDN14 gene can be i mplicated in the development of hearing loss in SF7 family; however, the pathogenicity of c.11C>T mutation remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majida Charif
- Département de Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Humaine, Institut Pasteur, 1, Place Louis Pasteur, C.P. 20360 Casablanca, Morocco
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Gao Y, Yechikov S, Vázquez AE, Chen D, Nie L. Impaired surface expression and conductance of the KCNQ4 channel lead to sensorineural hearing loss. J Cell Mol Med 2013; 17:889-900. [PMID: 23750663 PMCID: PMC3729637 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
KCNQ4, a voltage-gated potassium channel, plays an important role in maintaining cochlear ion homoeostasis and regulating hair cell membrane potential, both essential for normal auditory function. Mutations in the KCNQ4 gene lead to DFNA2, a subtype of autosomal dominant non-syndromic deafness that is characterized by progressive sensorineural hearing loss across all frequencies. Despite recent advances in the identification of pathogenic KCNQ4 mutations, the molecular aetiology of DFNA2 remains unknown. We report here that decreased cell surface expression and impaired conductance of the KCNQ4 channel are two mechanisms underlying hearing loss in DFNA2. In HEK293T cells, a dramatic decrease in cell surface expression was detected by immunofluorescent microscopy and confirmed by Western blot for the pathogenic KCNQ4 mutants L274H, W276S, L281S, G285C, G285S, G296S and G321S, while their overall cellular levels remained normal. In addition, none of these mutations affected tetrameric assembly of KCNQ4 channels. Consistent with these results, all mutants showed strong dominant-negative effects on the wild-type (WT) channel function. Most importantly, overexpression of HSP90β, a key component of the molecular chaperone network that controls the KCNQ4 biogenesis, significantly increased cell surface expression of the KCNQ4 mutants L281S, G296S and G321S. KCNQ4 surface expression was restored or considerably improved in HEK293T cells mimicking the heterozygous condition of these mutations in DFNA2 patients. Finally, our electrophysiological studies demonstrated that these mutations directly compromise the conductance of the KCNQ4 channel, since no significant change in KCNQ4 current was observed after KCNQ4 surface expression was restored or improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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Naito T, Nishio SY, Iwasa YI, Yano T, Kumakawa K, Abe S, Ishikawa K, Kojima H, Namba A, Oshikawa C, Usami SI. Comprehensive genetic screening of KCNQ4 in a large autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss cohort: genotype-phenotype correlations and a founder mutation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63231. [PMID: 23717403 PMCID: PMC3662675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study of KCNQ4 mutations was carried out to 1) determine the prevalence by unbiased population-based genetic screening, 2) clarify the mutation spectrum and genotype/phenotype correlations, and 3) summarize clinical characteristics. In addition, a review of the reported mutations was performed for better understanding of this deafness gene. The screening using 287 probands from unbiased Japanese autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss (ADNSHL) families identified 19 families with 7 different disease causing mutations, indicating that the frequency is 6.62% (19/287). While the majority were private mutations, one particular recurrent mutation, c.211delC, was observed in 13 unrelated families. Haplotype analysis in the vicinity of c.211delC suggests existence of a common ancestor. The majority of the patients showed all frequency, but high-frequency predominant, sensorineural hearing loss. The present study adds a new typical audiogram configuration characterized by mid-frequency predominant hearing loss caused by the p.V230E mutation. A variant at the N-terminal site (c. 211delC) showed typical ski-slope type audiogram configuration. Concerning clinical features, onset age was from 3 to 40 years old, and mostly in the teens, and hearing loss was gradually progressive. Progressive nature is a common feature of patients with KCNQ4 mutations regardless of the mutation type. In conclusion, KCNQ4 mutations are frequent among ADNSHL patients, and therefore screening of the gene and molecular confirmation of these mutations have become important in the diagnosis of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Naito
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Shin-ya Nishio
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yoh-ichiro Iwasa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Yano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Kozo Kumakawa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Abe
- Department of Otolaryngology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ishikawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kojima
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Namba
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Chie Oshikawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kyushu University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Usami
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Tan J, Prakash MD, Kaiserman D, Bird PI. Absence of SERPINB6A causes sensorineural hearing loss with multiple histopathologies in the mouse inner ear. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2013; 183:49-59. [PMID: 23669344 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A homozygous mutation of SERPINB6, a gene encoding an intracellular protease inhibitor, has recently been associated with post-lingual, autosomal-recessive, nonsyndromic hearing loss in humans (DFNB91). Herein, we describe the physiological changes underlying SERPINB6 deficiency by analyzing mutant mice in which the orthologous gene is replaced by enhanced green fluorescent protein. SERPINB6A is present in the neurosensory epithelium, lateral wall, and spiral limbus of the cochlea, with highest levels in the inner and outer hair cells of the organ of Corti, cells lining the inner sulcus, and supporting cells distributed along the epithelial gap junction layer to the outer sulcus. Measurements of hearing thresholds in these mice demonstrated age-related hearing loss in all homozygous-null, but not heterozygous, mice. Hearing impairment was first detected at 3 weeks of age, affecting only high frequencies before spreading to other frequencies as the mice aged. The defect is associated with progressive cellular degeneration within the cochlea. This begins with the hair cells, then involves the primary auditory neurons, and, finally, the fibrocytes in the lateral wall. These findings establish these mutant mice as a suitable model system to elucidate how SERPINB6 deficiency causes deafness in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Australia
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Vele O, Schrijver I. Inherited hearing loss: molecular genetics and diagnostic testing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 2:231-48. [PMID: 23495655 DOI: 10.1517/17530059.2.3.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hearing loss is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous condition with major medical and social consequences. It affects up to 8% of the general population. OBJECTIVE This review recapitulates the principles of auditory physiology and the molecular basis of hearing loss, outlines the main types of non-syndromic and syndromic deafness by mode of inheritance, and provides an overview of current clinically available genetic testing. METHODS This paper reviews the literature on auditory physiology and on genes, associated with hearing loss, for which genetic testing is presently offered. RESULTS/CONCLUSION The advent of molecular diagnostic assays for hereditary hearing loss permits earlier detection of the underlying causes, facilitates appropriate interventions, and is expected to generate the data necessary for more specific genotype-phenotype correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Vele
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, L235, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA +1 650 724 2403 ; +1 650 724 1567 ;
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Abdelfatah N, McComiskey DA, Doucette L, Griffin A, Moore SJ, Negrijn C, Hodgkinson KA, King JJ, Larijani M, Houston J, Stanton SG, Young TL. Identification of a novel in-frame deletion in KCNQ4 (DFNA2A) and evidence of multiple phenocopies of unknown origin in a family with ADSNHL. Eur J Hum Genet 2013; 21:1112-9. [PMID: 23443030 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant sensorineural hearing loss (ADSNHL) is extremely genetically heterogeneous, making it difficult to molecularly diagnose. We identified a multiplex (n=28 affected) family from the genetic isolate of Newfoundland, Canada with variable SNHL and used a targeted sequencing approach based on population-specific alleles in WFS1, TMPRSS3 and PCDH15; recurrent mutations in GJB2 and GJB6; and frequently mutated exons of KCNQ4, COCH and TECTA. We identified a novel, in-frame deletion (c.806_808delCCT: p.S269del) in the voltage-gated potassium channel KCNQ4 (DFNA2), which in silico modeling predicts to disrupt multimerization of KCNQ4 subunits. Surprisingly, 10/23 deaf relatives are non-carriers of p.S269del. Further molecular characterization of the DFNA2 locus in deletion carriers ruled out the possibility of a pathogenic mutation other than p.S269del at the DFNA2A/B locus and linkage analysis showed significant linkage to DFNA2 (maximum LOD=3.3). Further support of genetic heterogeneity in family 2071 was revealed by comparisons of audio profiles between p.S269del carriers and non-carriers suggesting additional and as yet unknown etiologies. We discuss the serious implications that genetic heterogeneity, in this case observed within a single family, has on molecular diagnostics and genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly Abdelfatah
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
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Watabe T, Matsunaga T, Namba K, Mutai H, Inoue Y, Ogawa K. Moderate hearing loss associated with a novel KCNQ4 non-truncating mutation located near the N-terminus of the pore helix. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 432:475-9. [PMID: 23399560 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.01.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Genetic mutation is one of the causative factors for idiopathic progressive hearing loss. A patient with late-onset, moderate, and high-frequency hearing loss was found to have a novel, heterozygous KCNQ4 mutation, c.806_808delCCT, which led to a p.Ser260del located between S5 and the pore helix (PH). Molecular modeling analysis suggested that the p.Ser269del mutation could cause structural distortion and change in the electrostatic surface potential of the KCNQ4 channel protein, which may impede K+ transport. The present study supports the idea that a non-truncating mutation around the N-terminus of PH may be related to moderate hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Watabe
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University, School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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Sliwinska-Kowalska M, Pawelczyk M. Contribution of genetic factors to noise-induced hearing loss: A human studies review. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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