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Abdelhafiz I, Gerth S, Claussen J, Weule M, Hufnagel E, Vilcinskas A, Lee KZ. Radioactivity and GMO-Free Sterile Insect Technology for the Sustainable Control of the Invasive Pest Drosophila suzukii. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2400100. [PMID: 38797923 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (D. suzukii), commonly known as the spotted wing drosophila, is a highly invasive crop pest that is difficult to control using chemical insecticides. To address the urgent need for alternative and more sustainable control strategies, the sterile insect technique (SIT) is improved, which involves the release of sterilized male insects to mate with fertile conspecifics, thereby reducing the size of the pest population in the subsequent generation. The three critical aspects that influence the success of SIT programs in D. suzukii are addressed. First, an accurate and nondestructive method is established to determine the sex of individual insects based on the differential weight of male and female pupae. Second, conditions for X-ray sterilization are systematically tested and an optimal dose (90 kV/40 Gy) is identified that ensures the efficient production of sterile D. suzukii for release. Finally, the inherent thermosensitivity of D. suzukii males is exploited to develop a temperature-based sterilization technique, offering an alternative or additional SIT method for this pest. These advances will contribute to the development of a comprehensive and effective strategy for the management of D. suzukii populations, reducing their impact on agriculture and helping to safeguard crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Abdelhafiz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, D-35394, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Gerth
- Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits, Flugplatzstrasse 75, D-90768, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Joelle Claussen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits, Flugplatzstrasse 75, D-90768, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Mareike Weule
- Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits, Flugplatzstrasse 75, D-90768, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Eva Hufnagel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits, Flugplatzstrasse 75, D-90768, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, D-35394, Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Kwang-Zin Lee
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, D-35394, Giessen, Germany
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Castellan I, Duménil C, Rehermann G, Eisenstecken D, Bianchi F, Robatscher P, Spitaler U, Favaro R, Schmidt S, Becher PG, Angeli S. Chemical and Electrophysiological Characterisation of Headspace Volatiles from Yeasts Attractive to Drosophila suzukii. J Chem Ecol 2024:10.1007/s10886-024-01494-x. [PMID: 38691267 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-024-01494-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Chemical control of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) based on the use of insecticides is particularly challenging as the insect attacks ripening fruits shortly before harvest. An alternative strategy may rely on the use of yeasts as phagostimulants and baits, applied on canopy as attract-and-kill formulations. The aim of this research was to identify the most attractive among six yeast species for D. suzukii: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Clavispora santaluciae, Saccharomycopsis vini, Issatchenkia terricola, and Metschnikowia pulcherrima. The volatile profile of C. santaluciae was described for the first time. Behavioural experiments identified H. uvarum and S. vini as the most attractive yeasts. The characterization of yeast headspace volatiles using direct headspace (DHS) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) revealed several strain-specific compounds. With DHS injection, 19 volatiles were characterised, while SPME revealed 71 compounds constituting the yeast headspace. Both analyses revealed terpenoids including β-ocimene, citronellol, (Z)-geraniol (nerol), and geranial as distinct constituents of S. vini. H. uvarum and S. vini were further investigated using closed-loop stripping analysis (CSLA) and electroantennography. Out of 14 compounds quantified by CSLA, ethyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, β-myrcene, benzaldehyde and linalool were detected by D. suzukii antennae and might generate the strong attractiveness of S. vini and H. uvarum. Our results highlight a strong attraction of D. suzukii to various yeasts associated with both the flies and their habitat and demonstrate how different sampling methods can impact the results of volatile compound characterization. It remains to be demonstrated whether the distinct attraction is based on special adaptations to certain yeasts and to what extent the metabolites causing attraction are interchangeable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Castellan
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Claire Duménil
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Guillermo Rehermann
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Chemical Ecology Horticulture Unit, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Daniela Eisenstecken
- Laboratory for Flavours and Metabolites, Institute for Agricultural Chemistry and Food Quality, Laimburg Research Centre, Auer-Ora, Italy
| | - Flavia Bianchi
- Laboratory for Flavours and Metabolites, Institute for Agricultural Chemistry and Food Quality, Laimburg Research Centre, Auer-Ora, Italy
| | - Peter Robatscher
- Laboratory for Flavours and Metabolites, Institute for Agricultural Chemistry and Food Quality, Laimburg Research Centre, Auer-Ora, Italy
| | - Urban Spitaler
- Entomology Group, Institute for Plant Health, Laimburg Research Centre, Auer-Ora, Italy
| | - Riccardo Favaro
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Silvia Schmidt
- Entomology Group, Institute for Plant Health, Laimburg Research Centre, Auer-Ora, Italy
| | - Paul G Becher
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Chemical Ecology Horticulture Unit, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Sergio Angeli
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy.
- Competence Centre for Plant Health, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy.
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de Albuquerque Melo Xavier JK, de Jesus Alves Miranda A, Dos Santos Soares Buna S, da Rocha CQ, da Silva Lima A. Neotropical Flora's Contribution to the Development of Biorational Products for Drosophila suzukii Control. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 53:400-414. [PMID: 38214825 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) produced by aromatic plants belonging to different families, such as Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, Myrtaceae, and Piperaceae, are generally suggested as potential sources of new molecules with insecticidal activity. The EOs are constituted bioactive molecules that may have to control Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), a serious economic invasive pest of small fruits worldwide. Currently, the control strategy against D. suzukii depends especially on treatment with synthetic insecticides. Due to impacts to human health and the environment, efforts have been made to seek efficient insecticides in chemical pest control. Thus, sixty-five oils extracted from plants were selected to find new alternative types of insecticides active against D. suzukii. The monoterpenes, such as limonene, α-pinene, 1,8-cineole, linalool, menthol, geranial, and neral, were the most representative, which stand out for their insecticidal efficiency. The OEs demonstrated to be used in the management of D. suzukii, thus being an effective strategy to control this pest, ensuring crop protection and agricultural sustainability. Therefore, the substitution by natural products or eco-friendly pesticides instead of synthetic pesticides represents a notable option to mitigate harmful effects on human health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda de Jesus Alves Miranda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Samuel Dos Santos Soares Buna
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Claudia Quintino da Rocha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Aldilene da Silva Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agroecologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, São Luís, MA, Brazil.
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Toledo PFS, da Cruz Araujo SH, Mantilla Afanador JG, Silva ACF, Machado FP, Rocha LM, Oliveira EE. Potential of Ocotea indecora Essential Oil for Controlling Drosophila suzukii: Molecular Predictions for Toxicity and Selectivity to Beneficial Arthropods. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 53:189-199. [PMID: 38170367 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The protection of soft-skinned fruits against Drosophila suzukii has relied primarily on the efficacy of a few synthetic molecules. Despite their short-term efficacy, these molecules can cause environmental pollution, unintendedly affect non-target organisms, and fail to provide sustainable control. The shortfalls of using synthetic pesticides warrant the search for alternatives, such as essential oils extracted from plants, with greater eco-friendlier properties. Here, we chemically characterized and evaluated the toxicity of the essential oil extracted from leaves of Ocotea indecora (Schott) Mez (Lauraceae) against D. suzukii via two exposure pathways (ingestion and contact). We also assessed the selectivity of the essential oil to two predatory natural enemies, Eriopis connexa and Chrysoperla externa and two pollinator bees, Apis mellifera and Partamona helleri. In addition, we conducted in silico predictions to investigate potential interactions between the major compound of the essential oil and the insects' transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Our chromatographic analysis revealed sesquirosefuran (87%) as the major compound. Higher toxicity to adults of D. suzukii was observed in contact exposure (LC50 = 0.43 μL mL-1) compared to ingestion (LC50 = 0.72 μL mL-1). However, the essential oil did not cause mortality to the non-target organisms tested here, even when applied at 2.20 μL mL-1. Molecular predictions demonstrated that sesquirosefuran binds more stably to the TRP channels of D. suzukii than to those expressed in beneficial arthropods. Collectively, our findings provide the initial framework for the potential use of O. indecora essential oil as a sustainable alternative for managing D. suzukii infestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro F S Toledo
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, USA
| | - Sabrina Helena da Cruz Araujo
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais e Ambientais, Universidade Do Federal Do Tocantins, Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Francisco Paiva Machado
- Laboratório de Tecnologia de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Niterói, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmácia e Administração Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Leandro M Rocha
- Laboratório de Tecnologia de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Eugênio E Oliveira
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Yadav AK, Asokan R, Yamamoto A, Patil AA, Scott MJ. Expansion of the genetic toolbox for manipulation of the global crop pest Drosophila suzukii: Isolation and assessment of eye colour mutant strains. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 33:91-100. [PMID: 37819050 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), commonly called spotted wing Drosophila, is an important agricultural pest recognised worldwide. D. suzukii is a pest of soft-skinned fruits as females can lay eggs in ripening fruit before harvest. While strains for genetic biocontrol of D. suzukii have been made, the development of transgenic D. suzukii strains and their further screening remain a challenge partly due to the lack of phenotypically trackable genetic-markers, such as those widely used with the model genetic organism D. melanogaster. Here, we have used CRISPR/Cas9 to introduce heritable mutations in the eye colour genes white, cinnabar and sepia, which are located on the X, second and third chromosomes, respectively. Strains were obtained, which were homozygous for a single mutation. Genotyping of the established strains showed insertion and/or deletions (indels) at the targeted sites. A strain homozygous for mutations in cinnabar and sepia showed a pale-yellow eye colour at eclosion but darkened to a sepia colour after a week. The fecundity and fertility of some of the cinnabar and sepia strains were comparable with the wild type. Although white mutant males were previously reported to be sterile, we found that sterility is not fully penetrant and we have been able to maintain white-eyed strains for over a year. The cinnabar, sepia and white mutant strains developed in this study should facilitate future genetic studies in D. suzukii and the development of strains for genetic control of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarish K Yadav
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ramasamy Asokan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Akihiko Yamamoto
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anandrao A Patil
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Maxwell J Scott
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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De Ros G. The Economic Analyses of the Drosophila suzukii's Invasions: A Mini-review. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 53:244-253. [PMID: 38305946 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to bring to the fore the type of economic analyses that have been carried out on the invasion of the Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and what has been learned. The analysis is limited to the original research articles published in peer-reviewed journals and book chapters. A total of 20 relevant studies are identified. The studies are analysed based on their main purpose, which is either economic impact assessment or economic evaluation of management programmes. The analysis also considers the key methodological points highlighted in recent reviews of the economic literature on alien invasive species. Over time, the focus of these studies has gradually shifted from raising awareness of the magnitude of the impact, particularly on agricultural production, to supporting the decision-making process concerning effective pest management. Most studies have been conducted from a private perspective, measuring private costs and providing guidance to the industry. However, some papers include, or focus on, the societal costs caused by the invasions of D. suzukii. This review has found few impact studies in the recently invaded areas and no economic evaluation of management programmes. There are not only geographical areas, but also themes that need more attention and analysis in the economic studies on D. suzukii. Assessing the economic effectiveness of integrated pest management programmes in specific settings, included the Latin American countries, is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio De Ros
- Center for Technology Transfer, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy.
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Dos Santos VF, Abeijon LM, da Cruz Araújo SH, Garcia FRM, de Oliveira EE. The Potential of Plant-Based Biorational Products for the Drosophila suzukii Control: Current Status, Opportunities, and Limitations. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 53:236-243. [PMID: 38133734 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an invasive species that causes serious damage to soft-skinned fruits. The use of plant-based biorational insecticides (plant extracts and essential oils) to control this pest has grown extensively. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the current status, trends, and perspectives of these studies, with a focus on the plant families and major compounds used as insecticides to control D. suzukii. The first article in this research field was published in 2015, and there has been exponential growth in subsequent years. Thirty-six botanical families were studied in these articles, with a prevalent interest in Myrtaceae and Lamiaceae plant species. The major constituents of these plant-based biorational molecules belong to monoterpenoids, followed by monoterpenes, benzene derivatives, and others. Geranial was the most frequent major constituent of these plant-based compounds. Our analysis revealed a few crucial consequences of the bias provided by the investigations using plant-based biorational insecticides for controlling D. suzukii. Firstly, there is a major focus on the pest species, with little or no attention paid to undesired effects on non-target beneficial organisms (e.g., pollinator bees, predators; parasitoids) and non-target pests. Secondly, the poor knowledge of how these plant-based biorational insecticides act on target and non-target organisms. Finally, there is a need to assess the efficacy of these substances under field conditions. Thus, attention is needed to address these gaps so that plant-based biorational insecticides can become a viable pest management tool for controlling D. suzukii.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lenon Morales Abeijon
- Department of Ecology, Zoology and Genetics, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Flávio Roberto Mello Garcia
- Department of Ecology, Zoology and Genetics, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
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Yeh DA, Dai B, Gómez MI, Walton VM. Does monitoring pests pay off? a bioeconomic assessment of Drosophila suzukii controls. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:708-723. [PMID: 37770414 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drosophila suzukii is a significant invasive pest that has caused high management costs and economic losses for blueberry growers in the United States. The status quo control strategy commonly used by growers is to apply pesticides proactively and frequently to reduce infestation. Recent studies have shown that the calendar-based spraying strategy might be unsustainable in the long term, making the reduction of pesticide reliance a top priority for the berry industry. Incorporating pest monitoring into the control strategy could be an option to improve efficiency while reducing pesticide usage. This study assesses the economic implications of monitoring-based control strategies compared to calendar-based spraying control strategies for organic blueberry production in Oregon. We combine a D. suzukii population model into the economic simulation framework, evaluate two monitoring methods (adult trapping and fruit sampling), and identify the profit-maximizing control strategy under different scenarios. RESULTS In the baseline scenario, control strategies that incorporate fruit sampling exhibit the highest average profits. Although the status quo control strategy (spraying every 3 days) generates higher average revenue than monitoring-based strategies, the cost from the higher number of pesticide application offsets the returns. CONCLUSION This study uses a novel bioeconomic simulation framework to show that incorporating fruit sampling can be a promising tool to reduce pesticide reliance while controlling D. suzukii infestation. These findings provide clearer information on the economic viability of using monitoring-based pest control strategies in organic berry production, and the assessment framework sheds light on the economics of pest management. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Adeline Yeh
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Bingyan Dai
- Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Miguel I Gómez
- Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Vaughn M Walton
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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Krüger AP, Garcez AM, Scheunemann T, Bernardi D, Nava DE, Garcia FRM. Reproductive Biology of Trichopria anastrephae (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae), a Biological Control Agent of Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae). NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 53:38-46. [PMID: 38032474 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01103-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Hymenopteran parasitoids, like any other insect, employ strategies to ensure their reproduction. Understanding these strategies is important for ecological purposes, but also to improve mass rearing of biological control agents. Here, we describe mating strategies used by the pupal parasitoid Trichopria anastrephae Lima (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae), a potential biocontrol agent, that has been considered for augmentative releases for management of the invasive pest species Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae). We studied the emergence pattern of males and females of T. anastrephae and the effects of parental ae on offspring number and sex ratio. Polygamy was also studied and its effects on parasitism and offspring production were described. Adults from this species emerge in the first hours of photophase, and males emerge before females, demonstrating that T. anastrephae is a protandrous species. Parasitoid age when first mated influences the parasitism and sex ratio. Younger females result in a higher number of offspring (8.16 parasitoids/day), while older males result in a more female-biased sex ratio of offspring (64% females). Both males and females are polygamic, and the order in which a female is mated by the male affects parasitism, viability of parasitized pupae, and sex ratio of offspring, with the first female performing the highest parasitism and sex ratio (63.83 and 61% of females, respectively), but the lowest viability (92.92%). Females that are allowed to mate multiple times generate lower numbers of offspring (113.05 parasitoids) when compared to virgin or single-mated females (135.20 and 130.70 parasitoids, respectively), but the highest sex ratio (49% of females). Data present in this study and how it can be used to improve parasitoid rearing and field releases of T. anastrephae, in biological control programs for D. suzukii are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra P Krüger
- Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil.
| | - Amanda M Garcez
- Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Tiago Scheunemann
- Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Bernardi
- Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Dori E Nava
- Embrapa Temperate Agriculture, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávio R M Garcia
- Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
- Ecology, Zoology and Genetics Department, UFPel, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
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10
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Fischbein D, Kun ME, Chillo V, Masciocchi M, Germano MD, Cardozo A, Martínez AS. Resident Hymenopteran Parasitoids with Potential Drosophilid Associations in Andean North Patagonia: Implications for the Biological Control of the Spotted Wing Drosophila. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 53:18-28. [PMID: 37752294 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, is native to Southeast Asia and has become a serious pest of soft-skinned fruits worldwide. Several control methods are being tested worldwide as part of an integrated pest management approach. Biological control is a promising alternative tactic that can be used to manage D. suzukii populations, especially in unmanaged areas. This study aimed at exploring the diversity of resident hymenopteran parasitoids of drosophilids in northwestern Patagonia, where D. suzukii is considered an important pest. The survey also aimed to investigate possible associations between parasitoids and D. suzukii in several crops and non-crop fruits, and to determine D. suzukii fruits infestation levels. Fourteen sites with mainly berry crops were sampled biweekly using cider vinegar traps and collecting fresh fruits from a variety of crop and non-crop fruit plants. We identified five species of hymenopteran parasitoids, obtained from the baited traps, that have the potential to associate with D. suzukii: Leptopilina heterotoma Thomson, Ganaspis brasiliensis Ihering, Hexacola hexatoma Hartig (Figitidae), Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae Rondani (Pteromalidae), and Spalangia endius Walker (Spalangiidae). Leptopilina heterotoma is reported for the first time in Argentina. High numbers of D. suzukii adults were recovered from baited traps and field-collected fruits. However, no parasitoid emerged from D. suzukii pupae recovered from fruits, nor were any dead parasitoids recorded inside D. suzukii pupae. Overall infestation levels of D. suzukii on field-collected fruits did not differ significantly between species/varieties. The results are discussed with emphasis on the possible functionality and perspectives of using these species as biological control agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Fischbein
- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (IFAB, INTA EEA Bariloche-CONICET), Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina.
| | - Marcelo Eduardo Kun
- Laboratorio de Zoología, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, CRUB, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Verónica Chillo
- Agencia de Extensión Rural Bolsón (IFAB, INTA EEA Bariloche-CONICET), Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Maité Masciocchi
- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (IFAB, INTA EEA Bariloche-CONICET), Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Mónica Daniela Germano
- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (IFAB, INTA EEA Bariloche-CONICET), Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Andrea Cardozo
- Agencia de Extensión Rural Bolsón (IFAB, INTA EEA Bariloche-CONICET), Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Andrés Santiago Martínez
- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (IFAB, INTA EEA Bariloche-CONICET), Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
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11
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Pugsley CE, Isaac RE, Warren NJ, Stacey M, Ferguson CTJ, Cappelle K, Dominguez-Espinosa R, Cayre OJ. Effective delivery and selective insecticidal activity of double-stranded RNA via complexation with diblock copolymer varies with polymer block composition. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:669-677. [PMID: 37759365 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemical insecticides are an important tool to control damaging pest infestations. However, lack of species specificity, the rise of resistance and the demand for biological alternatives with improved ecotoxicity profiles means that chemicals with new modes of action are required. RNA interference (RNAi)-based strategies using double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) as a species-specific bio-insecticide offer an exquisite solution that addresses these issues. Many species, such as the fruit pest Drosophila suzukii, do not exhibit RNAi when dsRNA is orally administered due to degradation by gut nucleases and slow cellular uptake pathways. Thus, delivery vehicles that protect and deliver dsRNA are highly desirable. RESULTS In this work, we demonstrate the complexation of D. suzukii-specific dsRNA for degradation of vha26 mRNA with bespoke diblock copolymers. We study the ex vivo protection of dsRNA against enzymatic degradation by gut enzymes, which demonstrates the efficiency of this system. Flow cytometry then investigates the cellular uptake of Cy3-labelled dsRNA, showing a 10-fold increase in the mean fluorescence intensity of cells treated with polyplexes. The polymer/dsRNA polyplexes induced a significant 87% decrease in the odds of survival of D. suzukii larvae following oral feeding only when formed with a diblock copolymer containing a long neutral block length (1:2 cationic block/neutral block). However, there was no toxicity when fed to the closely related Drosophila melanogaster. CONCLUSION We provide evidence that dsRNA complexation with diblock copolymers is a promising strategy for RNAi-based species-specific pest control, but optimisation of polymer composition is essential for RNAi success. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E Pugsley
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - R Elwyn Isaac
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Nicholas J Warren
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Martin Stacey
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Calum T J Ferguson
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Kaat Cappelle
- Syngenta Ghent Innovation Center, Gent-Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | | | - Olivier J Cayre
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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12
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Gale CC, Ferguson B, Rodriguez-Saona C, Shields VDC, Zhang A. Evaluation of a Push-Pull Strategy for Spotted-Wing Drosophila Management in Highbush Blueberry. INSECTS 2024; 15:47. [PMID: 38249053 PMCID: PMC10816925 DOI: 10.3390/insects15010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
We evaluated a novel push-pull control strategy for protecting highbush blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum, against spotted-wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii. Methyl benzoate (MB) was used as the pushing agent and a previously tested SWD attractive blend of lure-scents was used as the pulling agent. MB dispensers (push) were hung in the canopy and lure-scent dispensers (pull) were hung in yellow jacket traps filled with soapy water around the blueberry bushes. Blueberries were sampled weekly, and any infestation was inspected by examining the breathing tubes of SWD eggs which protrude through the skin of infested fruit. The frequency of infestation, i.e., the proportion of berries infested with at least one egg, and the extent of infestation, i.e., the mean number of eggs in infested berries, were significantly reduced in treatments receiving MB dispensers as a pushing agent when infestation rates were very high. However, the mass trapping devices as a pulling agent did not provide comparable protection on their own and did not produce additive protection when used in combination with the MB dispensers in push-pull trials. We conclude that MB has the potential to be implemented as a spatial repellent/oviposition deterrent to reduce SWD damage in blueberry under field conditions and does not require the SWD attractant as a pulling agent to achieve crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody C. Gale
- Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Beth Ferguson
- Phillip E. Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research and Extension, Rutgers University, Chatsworth, NJ 08019, USA; (B.F.); (C.R.-S.)
| | - Cesar Rodriguez-Saona
- Phillip E. Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research and Extension, Rutgers University, Chatsworth, NJ 08019, USA; (B.F.); (C.R.-S.)
| | | | - Aijun Zhang
- Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
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13
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Babu A, Rhodes EM, Rodriguez-Saona C, Liburd OE, Fair CG, Sial AA. Comparison of multimodal attract-and-kill formulations for managing Drosophila suzukii: Behavioral and lethal effects. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293587. [PMID: 38060506 PMCID: PMC10703201 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Attract-and-kill (A&K) is a potential alternative control tactic for managing the invasive spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura. Here, we compared the efficacy of two novel A&K formulations based on proprietary blends-ACTTRA SWD OR1 (henceforth OR1) and ACTTRA SWD TD (henceforth TD)-in managing D. suzukii. Using two-choice bioassays, we compared OR1 and TD for their relative attractiveness to adult D. suzukii. Additionally, we tested how the addition of (1) a red dye (visual cue) and (2) the insecticide spinosad (Entrust™) to the OR1 and TD formulations influenced the attraction of adult D. suzukii in the presence of blueberry fruits. Finally, complementary laboratory efficacy (no-choice) bioassays were conducted to assess the mortality of adult D. suzukii exposed to OR1 and TD. A direct comparison between TD and OR1 formulations indicated the TD formulation was ~8 times more attractive than OR1. Adding a red dye to the TD or OR1 formulation did not significantly alter the attraction or mortality of adult D. suzukii compared to the formulation without a dye. Similarly, irrespective of dye status, adding spinosad to either the TD or OR1 formulation did not alter the adult D. suzukii behavioral response to these formulations but resulted in significantly higher D. suzukii mortality. Overall, the TD formulations resulted in significantly higher, or at least comparable, mortality to the OR1 formulations. In summary, our laboratory results demonstrated the higher efficacy of a TD-based A&K product in managing D. suzukii over its well-tested predecessor, the OR1 formulation, confirming its potential as a new behavioral tactic against this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Babu
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Elena M. Rhodes
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Cesar Rodriguez-Saona
- Department of Entomology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Oscar E. Liburd
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Conor G. Fair
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ashfaq A. Sial
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
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14
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Dias SC, de Brida AL, Jean-Baptiste MC, Leite LG, Ovruski SM, Garcia FRM. Pathogenicity and Virulence of Different Concentrations of Brazilian Isolates of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Against Drosophila suzukii. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 52:986-992. [PMID: 37495767 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01065-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The invasive pest Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) was recently recorded in Brazil and constitutes a threat to fruit growing, mainly for small, soft fruits. Recent advances in research on ways of controlling D. suzukii involve the use of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs). In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the pathogenicity and virulence of four isolates in different concentrations against D. suzukii pupae. The EPN isolates used in trials were Steinernema brazilense IBCBn 06, S. carpocapsae IBCBn 02, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HB, and H. amazonensis IBCBn 24. Both H. amazonensis IBCBn 24 and H. bacteriophora HB were effective in controlling D. suzukii as they caused a mortality rate of 86.25% and 80.0%, and virulence of 549.75 IJs/pupae and 787.75 IJs/pupae in the concentrations of 1800 IJs/ml and 5400 IJs/ml, respectively. The lowest lethal concentrations (LC50) of juveniles were found in host pupae with 771.63 IJs/ml of H. bacteriophora HB and 1115.49 IJs/ml of H. amazonensis IBCBn 24. Results showed that both EPNs, H. amazonensis IBCBn 24 and H. bacteriophora HB, could be promising eco-friendly biological agents to control D. suzukii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio Costa Dias
- Departamento de Ecologia de Insetos, Zoologia E Genética Do Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Andressa Lima de Brida
- Departamento de Ecologia de Insetos, Zoologia E Genética Do Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sergio M Ovruski
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos Y Biotecnología (PROIMI-CONICET), División Control Biológico, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Flavio Roberto Mello Garcia
- Departamento de Ecologia de Insetos, Zoologia E Genética Do Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil.
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15
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Yamazaki I, Onuma M, Omiya H, Ri T, Kanzaki N, Degawa Y, Sawamura K. First record of Stigmatomyces (Ascomycota: Laboulbeniales) on Drosophilidae from Japan. Fly (Austin) 2023; 17:2234265. [PMID: 37471037 PMCID: PMC10361133 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2023.2234265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Three Stigmatomyces species were detected on five drosophilid species from Japan. We report Stigmatomyces majewskii on Drosophila rufa and Drosophila suzukii, Stigmatomyces scaptodrosophilae on Scaptodrosophila coracina and Scaptodrosophila subtilis, and Stigmatomyces sacaptomyzae on Scaptomyza graminum. Except for Scaptomyza graminum, each of these species is a newly identified Stigmatomyces host. Our discovery that D. suzukii is a host of S. majewskii may provide new pest management approaches for this global agricultural pest insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Yamazaki
- Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Moe Onuma
- Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Haruka Omiya
- Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ri
- Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Sugadaira Research Station, Mountain Science Center, University of Tsukuba, Ueda, Japan
| | - Natsumi Kanzaki
- Kansai Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yousuke Degawa
- Sugadaira Research Station, Mountain Science Center, University of Tsukuba, Ueda, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Sawamura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Viana JPC, Lopes-da-Silva M, Viana MC, Tidon R. Establishment and Expansion Scenario of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Central Brazil. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 52:975-985. [PMID: 37126190 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae), also known as spotted wing drosophila (SWD), is an important pest that damages various wild and cultivated soft fruits worldwide, especially in the Northern Hemisphere. In Brazil, it occurs mainly in the subtropical climates of the southern and southeastern regions. However, SWD has also been sporadically found in the central region of the country in the natural vegetation of the tropical Brazilian Savanna. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of SWD at the northern limit of its range in South America - the central region of Brazil - by monitoring an established drosophilid community in an orchard located in the Brazilian Federal District. We also investigated the current geographical distribution of this pest in Brazil and its potential geographical distribution using species distribution models under two different future shared socioeconomic pathways scenarios (2040 and 2060, optimist and pessimist). Twenty drosophilid species were detected among the 6,396 captured specimens, most of which are exotic in the Neotropical region. The fly community greatly fluctuated throughout the year, and the highest abundance of SWD (3.5% relative abundance and 1.38 flies/trap/day) was recorded in April during the rainy season. Potential distribution models indicate that suitable areas for SWD spread will decrease in the south and southeast but increase in the central region of Brazil. We recommend continuous SWD monitoring and improving bioclimatic forecast models for mitigating damage to local fruit production.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pedro Cavalcante Viana
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Univ de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Lopes-da-Silva
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia (CENARGEN), Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Rosana Tidon
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Univ de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
- Depto de Genética e Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Univ de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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17
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Lisi F, Mansour R, Cavallaro C, Alınç T, Porcu E, Ricupero M, Zappalà L, Desneux N, Biondi A. Sublethal effects of nine insecticides on Drosophila suzukii and its major pupal parasitoid Trichopria drosophilae. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:5003-5014. [PMID: 37548138 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the pupal parasitoid Trichopria drosophilae is used in conservative and augmentative biocontrol of Drosophila suzukii infestations, current pest management strategies mostly rely on multiple insecticide applications. In this context, the aim of the study was to investigate the baseline toxicity of nine insecticides on D. suzukii larvae and their multiple sublethal effects (LC10 ) on immature stages of the pest feeding on contaminated diet and T. drosophilae developing within the intoxicated host. RESULTS Chlorpyriphos and azadirachtin showed the lowest and the highest LC10 , the values of which were 9.78 × 1013 and 1.46 × 103 times lower than their recommended label field rate, respectively. Among tested insecticides, imidacloprid, malathion and dimethoate were the only treatments that did not affect the juvenile development time of D. suzukii, while spinosad and the organophosphates chlorpyriphos and dimethoate did not influence fly pupal size. No sublethal effects were recorded on T. drosophilae degree of infestation (DI) and juvenile development time. On the contrary, cyazypyr and dimethoate negatively affected the success of parasitism (SP) and the number of progeny of the pupal parasitoid, in association with malathion for the first parameter and spinosad for the fertility. Compared to the untreated control, more female progeny emerged following azadirachtin exposure, while dimethoate caused the opposite effect. Imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin and spinetoram decreased hind tibia length of emerged parasitoids. CONCLUSION This study provides new insights on the (eco)toxicological profile of nine insecticides and new information needed to support the deployment of T. drosophilae in the field within the sustainable management techniques against D. suzukii. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Lisi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Ramzi Mansour
- Section of Biological Sciences, University of Carthage, ISEP-BG La Soukra, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Carmelo Cavallaro
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Tuğcan Alınç
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Emanuele Porcu
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Michele Ricupero
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Zappalà
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Biondi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Grunwald DJ, Stroschein SM, Grinstead S, Mollov D, Rioux RA, Rakotondrafara AM. Targeting the Highly Conserved 3' Untranslated Region of Iris Severe Mosaic Virus for Sensitive Monitoring of the Disease Prevalence in Iris Production. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:3763-3772. [PMID: 37386702 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-04-23-0631-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Iris severe mosaic virus (ISMV, Potyviridae) can threaten the sustainability of iris production and the marketability of the plants. Effective intervention and control strategies require rapid and early detection of viral infections. The wide range of viral symptoms, from asymptomatic to severe chlorosis of the leaves, renders diagnosis solely based on visual indicators ineffective. A nested PCR-based diagnostic assay was developed for the reliable detection of ISMV in iris leaves and in rhizomes. Considering the genetic variability of ISMV, two primer pairs were designed to detect the highly conserved 3' untranslated region (UTR) of the viral genomic RNA. The specificity of the primer pairs was confirmed against four other potyviruses. The sensitivity of detection was enhanced by one order of magnitude using diluted cDNA and a nested approach. Nested PCR facilitated detecting ISMV on field-grown samples beyond the capabilities of a currently available immunological test and in iris rhizome, which would facilitate ensuring clean stock is planted. This approach dramatically improves the detection threshold of ISMV on potentially low virus titer samples. The study provides a practical, accurate, and sensitive tool for the early detection of a deleterious virus that infects a popular ornamental and landscape plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick J Grunwald
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705
| | | | - Sam Grinstead
- National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705
| | - Dimitre Mollov
- Horticultural Crops Disease and Pest Management Research Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330
| | - Renée A Rioux
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705
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Tungadi TD, Powell G, Shaw B, Fountain MT. Factors influencing oviposition behaviour of the invasive pest, Drosophila suzukii, derived from interactions with other Drosophila species: potential applications for control. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:4132-4139. [PMID: 37516913 PMCID: PMC10952728 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) or spotted wing Drosophila is a worldwide invasive pest of soft- and stone-fruit production. Female D. suzukii lay their eggs in ripening fruit and the hatched larvae damage fruit from the inside, rendering it unmarketable and causing significant economic loss. Current methods to reduce D. suzukii population in the field primarily rely on chemical insecticides which are not a sustainable long-term solution and increase the risk of resistance developing. Several studies demonstrate that when D. suzukii encounter or coexist with other Drosophila on a food source, this is usually a disadvantage to D. suzukii, leading to reduced oviposition and increased larval mortality. These effects have potential to be exploited from a pest management perspective. In this review we summarise recent research articles focusing on the interspecific interactions between D. suzukii and other Drosophila species aimed at understanding how this drives D. suzukii behaviour. Potential semiochemical and microbiome impacts are postulated as determinants of D. suzukii behaviour. Development of control practices focusing on reducing D. suzukii populations and deterring them from laying eggs by utilising factors that drive their behaviour are discussed. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bethan Shaw
- NIABCambridgeUK
- New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research LtdAucklandNew Zealand
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Bi Y, Zhang X, Chang X, Li J, Xiao S, Zhang B, Dang C, Sun L, Yao H, Fang Q, Wang F, Ye G. Olfactory behavioral responses of two Drosophila species and their pupal parasitoid to volatiles from bananas. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:4309-4318. [PMID: 37357260 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavior-based manipulation is an essential part of Drosophila integrated pest management (IPM). Effective compounds are useful for improving the efficiency of baits and the development of attract-and-kill or push-pull strategies to manage Drosophila populations. Here, we investigated the olfactory behavior of two Drosophila species, as well as their pupal parasitoid, to volatiles from bananas, for the identification of effective compounds to control fly populations. RESULTS The results showed that overripe bananas were most attractive to both flies, with a higher attraction index (AI) in Drosophila melanogaster than in Drosophila suzukii. The profiles of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from bananas with three different ripening stages were compared, and six VOCs were selected for behavioral tests. D. suzukii showed significantly different responses to isoamyl alcohol with D. melanogaster. The effects of ethyl butyrate and ethyl isovalerate on the two flies were dose-dependent, with lower concentrations acting as repellent and higher concentrations acting as attractant. Isoamyl acetate, isoamyl butyrate and isoamyl isovalerate (0.005-0.05% v/v) were attractive to both flies. The parasitoid wasp Pachycrepoidus vindemmiae was repelled by isoamyl alcohol and ethyl butyrate, and attracted by ethyl isovalerate, but showed no significant response to isoamyl acetate, isoamyl butyrate and isoamyl isovalerate at the tested concentration. CONCLUSION This study indicated that the behavioral response of Drosophila to the odor of chemical compounds is dose-dependent. Isoamyl alcohol and isoamyl acetate at certain concentrations could be used as repellents, whereas ethyl isovalerate as an attractant in control strategy design for D. suzukii. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaluan Bi
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuefei Chang
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Xiao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Dang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linlin Sun
- Qixia Agricultural and Technology Extension Center, Qixia, China
| | - Hongwei Yao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Fang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gongyin Ye
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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21
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Shaw B, Walker A, Hemer S, Cannon MFL, Brown B, Rogai FM, Fountain MT. Preliminary evidence of Drosophila suzukii parasitism in Southeast England. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:2585-2597. [PMID: 37707606 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07957-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the invasive fruit pest, Drosophila suzukii, relies on a range of complimentary pest management approaches. However, increasing external costs (e.g., labour, exclusion mesh and fuel), are limiting the ability to control the pest via non-chemical means. Extant UK parasitoids could be exploited for the suppression of D. suzukii populations, but there is currently a lack of knowledge of the UK species utilising D. suzukii as a host or their lifecycle requirements. Between 2017 and 2020, we identified parasitoids developing in D. suzukii, in Southeast England.Sentinel traps, containing laboratory reared D. suzukii larvae/pupae in fruit, were deployed within the vicinity of commercial crops and semi-natural areas. Six generalist parasitoid species were recovered from D. suzukii sentinel traps. These included two species of larval parasitoids (Leptopilina heterotoma Thomson (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) and Asobara tabida (Nees) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and four pupal parasitoids (Pachycrepoideus vindemiae (Rondani) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Spalangia erythromera (Forster) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Trichopria modesta (Ratzeburg, 1848) and T. prema Nixon (both Hymenoptera: Diapriidae)).The performance of the first four species as D. suzukii parasitoids was further tested in the laboratory and then in the field to assess rates of parasitism. Pachycrepoideus vindemiae was the most abundant species recovered from field collections and had in increasing rate of population rate in the laboratory. Other species were not successful at parasitising D. suzukii. In the field, adult D. suzukii emergence from sentinel traps was reduced by ~ 21% where parasitoids could access D. suzukii larvae and pupae.Parasitoids of D. suzukii are understudied in the UK, and this research indicates where future efforts could be made in understanding the interaction between host and parasitoid and the opportunities to exploit extant parasitoids for the control of D. suzukii. We also evaluate the prospects for classical and augmented control and discuss how they may fit with current regional integrated pest management options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sebastian Hemer
- NIAB East Malling, Maidstone, Kent, UK
- Berry Gardens Growers, Maidstone, Kent, UK
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22
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Bošković D, Vuković S, Lazić S, Baser N, Čulum D, Tekić D, Žunić A, Šušnjar A, Šunjka D. Insecticidal Activity of Selected Essential Oils against Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3727. [PMID: 37960084 PMCID: PMC10647715 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The spotted wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is an invasive polyphagous pest of soft-skinned fruit that has started to threaten small fruit production in Europe since 2008. High reproductive capacity, short generation time, and difficulties in visualizing early damage contribute to its rapid spread. Currently, the control strategy against D. suzukii mostly relies on treatment with synthetic insecticides. Keeping in mind that this pest causes the greatest damage during the harvesting period, control using chemicals is not recommended due to the increased risk of high pesticide residue levels in the fruit. With the aim of reducing the use of insecticides, there is a need for developing an environmentally safer way of control. Alternative solutions could rely on the use of essential oils (EOs), which can be used in conventional and organic production systems. Four essential oils, geranium (Pelargonium graveolens), dill (Anethum graveolens), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), and bergamot (Citrus bergamia), were assessed for their insecticidal effects using four different tests (contact toxicity, fumigant-contact toxicity, repellent effect, and multiple-choice tests). The EOs applied were dissolved in acetone at three different concentrations. The most promising one was the geranium essential oil, which had the best effect in all conducted tests, even at the lowest applied concentration. Geranium oil caused very high mortality (95%), even at the lowest concentration applied, after 24 h in the fumigant-contact test, and it caused a mortality of over 85% in the contact test. It was also noticed that geranium demonstrated a deterrent effect by repelling females from laying eggs for four days after at the lowest applied concentration. Scots pine and dill EOs have moderate to strong effects in most tests. The mortality of 100% was achieved for the highest applied concentration in the fumigant-contact and contact tests. Bergamot EO did not have any significant insecticidal activity. Geranium, Scots pine, and dill have great potential to be used as an environmentally friendly way of controlling D. suzukii as they exhibit deterrent, repellent, and insecticidal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Bošković
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (S.V.); (S.L.); (D.T.); (A.Ž.); (A.Š.)
| | - Slavica Vuković
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (S.V.); (S.L.); (D.T.); (A.Ž.); (A.Š.)
| | - Sanja Lazić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (S.V.); (S.L.); (D.T.); (A.Ž.); (A.Š.)
| | - Nuray Baser
- CIHEAM-IAMB—International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies, 70010 Bari, Italy;
| | - Dušan Čulum
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Dragana Tekić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (S.V.); (S.L.); (D.T.); (A.Ž.); (A.Š.)
| | - Antonije Žunić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (S.V.); (S.L.); (D.T.); (A.Ž.); (A.Š.)
| | - Aleksandra Šušnjar
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (S.V.); (S.L.); (D.T.); (A.Ž.); (A.Š.)
| | - Dragana Šunjka
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (S.V.); (S.L.); (D.T.); (A.Ž.); (A.Š.)
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23
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Yang J, Flaven-Pouchon J, Wang Y, Moussian B. Spirotetramat reduces fitness of the spotted-wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii. INSECT SCIENCE 2023. [PMID: 37850506 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
With climate change, the spotted-wing Drosophila (SWD, Drosophila suzukii) invades a great number of fruit production regions worldwide. A plethora of insecticides are being applied for management of this pest. As expected, SWD develops resistance against some potent insecticides or is rather insensitive to some others. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify and characterize alternative insecticides to control SWD populations. Here, we have studied the effects of the orally applied inhibitor of the fatty acid synthesis pathway spirotetramat on SWD fitness with respect to fecundity and surface barrier function at different stages. In our experiments, we applied spirotetramat mixed with baker's yeast and showed that females and males were not repelled by effective concentrations of this insecticide. We found that spirotetramat, by trend, lowers egg numbers laid by fed females. These eggs rapidly desiccate, and only a few larvae hatch. Spirotetramat is lethal to larvae and reduces survival of adult flies under low-humidity conditions. Taken together, based on our data, we propose to use yeast supplemented with spirotetramat and additional SWD-specific attractants in traps in non-crop areas in order to eradicate SWD populations before they infest crop production sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Section of Animal Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Justin Flaven-Pouchon
- Section of Animal Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yiwen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bernard Moussian
- Section of Animal Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- INRAE, CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, France
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24
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Roh GH, Meier L, Shrestha B, Hesler SP, Zhu JJ, Kendra PE, Loeb GM, Tay JW, Cha DH. A 2-component blend of coconut oil-derived fatty acids as an oviposition deterrent against Drosophila suzukii (Drosophilidae: Diptera). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 116:1671-1678. [PMID: 37671504 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Coconut free fatty acid (CFFA), a mixture of 8 fatty acids derived from coconut oil, is an effective repellent and deterrent against a broad array of hematophagous insects. In this study, we evaluated the oviposition deterrent activity of CFFA on spotted-wing drosophila (SWD; Drosophila suzukii), a destructive invasive pest of berries and cherries, and identified bioactive key-deterrent compounds. In laboratory 2-choice tests, CFFA deterred SWD oviposition in a dose-dependent manner with the greatest reduction (99%) observed at a 20-mg dose compared with solvent control. In a field test, raspberries treated with 20-mg CFFA received 64% fewer SWD eggs than raspberries treated with the solvent control. In subsequent laboratory bioassays, 2 of CFFA components, caprylic and capric acids, significantly reduced SWD oviposition by themselves, while 6 other components had no effect. In choice and no-choice assays, we found that a blend of caprylic acid and capric acid, at equivalent concentrations and ratio as in CFFA, was as effective as CFFA, while caprylic acid or capric acid individually were not as effective as the 2-component blend or CFFA at equivalent concentrations, indicating the 2 compounds as the key oviposition deterrent components for SWD. The blend was also as effective as CFFA for other nontarget drosophilid species in the field. Given that CFFA compounds are generally regarded as safe for humans, CFFA and its bioactive components have potential application in sustainably reducing SWD damage in commercial fruit operations, thereby reducing the sole reliance on insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwang Hyun Roh
- USDA-ARS, US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI, USA
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- Department of Plant Medicine and Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Linnea Meier
- Department of Entomology, Cornell AgriTech, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, USA
| | - Binita Shrestha
- Department of Entomology, Cornell AgriTech, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, USA
| | - Stephen P Hesler
- Department of Entomology, Cornell AgriTech, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, USA
| | - Junwei J Zhu
- USDA-ARS, Agroecosystem Management Research Unit, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Paul E Kendra
- USDA-ARS, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Gregory M Loeb
- Department of Entomology, Cornell AgriTech, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, USA
| | - Jia-Wei Tay
- Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Dong H Cha
- USDA-ARS, US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI, USA
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25
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Wolf S, Collatz J, Enkerli J, Widmer F, Romeis J. Assessing potential hybridization between a hypothetical gene drive-modified Drosophila suzukii and nontarget Drosophila species. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2023; 43:1921-1932. [PMID: 36693350 DOI: 10.1111/risa.14096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Genetically engineered gene drives (geGD) are potentially powerful tools for suppressing or even eradicating populations of pest insects. Before living geGD insects can be released into the environment, they must pass an environmental risk assessment to ensure that their release will not cause unacceptable harm to non-targeted entities of the environment. A key research question concerns the likelihood that nontarget species will acquire the functional GD elements; such acquisition could lead to reduced abundance or loss of those species and to a disruption of the ecosystem services they provide. The main route for gene flow is through hybridization between the geGD insect strain and closely related species that co-occur in the area of release and its expected dispersal. Using the invasive spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, as a case study, we provide a generally applicable strategy on how a combination of interspecific hybridization experiments, behavioral observations, and molecular genetic analyses can be used to assess the potential for hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Wolf
- Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jana Collatz
- Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Enkerli
- Molecular Ecology, Agroscope, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Jörg Romeis
- Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zürich, Switzerland
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26
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Nagy A, Katona P, Molnár A, Rádai Z, Tóth M, Szanyi K, Szanyi S. Wide Range of Brachyceran Fly Taxa Attracted to Synthetic and Semi-Synthetic Generic Noctuid Lures and the Description of New Attractants for Sciomyzidae and Heleomyzidae Families. INSECTS 2023; 14:705. [PMID: 37623415 PMCID: PMC10456120 DOI: 10.3390/insects14080705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
During field tests implemented in Transcarpathia (West Ukraine) in 2015, 6501 specimens belonging to 26 Brachyceran fly families were collected with traps baited with generic lures (originally developed for noctuid moths) based on fermenting liquid and floral compounds. Isoamyl alcohol-based baits generally attracted more flies than phenylacetaldehyde-based baits and unbaited controls; however, the phenylacetaldehyde-based traps were the most attractive to the Empididae and Milichiidae families. The isoamyl alcohol-based semisynthetic lure showed significant attractivity to the families of Muscidae, Ulidiidae, Sarcophagidae, Calliphoridae, Sciomyzidae, Heleomyzidae, Drosophilidae, Phoridae and Platystomatidae. Additionally, isoamyl alcohol-based semisynthetic lure is the first reported attractant of the Sciomyzidae family. Since our phenylacetaldehyde-based floral lure was also attractive to Heleomyzidae flies, both types of lures can be seen as the first known attractants of this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antal Nagy
- Institute of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi út 138, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Patrik Katona
- Independent Researcher, Hold utca 1, 2220 Vecsés, Hungary
| | - Attila Molnár
- Department of Zoology and Ecology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Péter Károly utca 1, H-2011 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Rádai
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Metagenomics, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Miklós Tóth
- Plant Protection Institute, CAR, ELKH, Herman Otto u. 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kálmán Szanyi
- Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Juhász-Nagy Pál Doctoral School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Szanyi
- Institute of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi út 138, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.N.); (S.S.)
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27
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Babin A, Gatti JL, Poirié M. Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticide influences Drosophila oviposition decision. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:230565. [PMID: 37650056 PMCID: PMC10465210 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Behavioural avoidance has obvious benefits for animals facing environmental stressors such as pathogen-contaminated foods. Most current bioinsecticides are based on the environmental and opportunistic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) that kills targeted insect pests upon ingestion. While food and oviposition avoidance of Bt bioinsecticide by targeted insect species was reported, this remained to be addressed in non-target organisms, especially those affected by chronic exposure to Bt bioinsecticide such as Drosophila species. Here, using a two-choice oviposition test, we showed that female flies of three Drosophila species (four strains of D. melanogaster, D. busckii and D. suzukii) avoided laying eggs in the presence of Bt var. kurstaki bioinsecticide, with potential benefits for the offspring and female's fitness. Avoidance occurred rapidly, regardless of the fraction of the bioinsecticide suspension (spores and toxin crystals versus soluble toxins/compounds) and independently of the female motivation for egg laying. Our results suggest that, in addition to recent findings of developmental and physiological alterations upon chronic exposure to non-target Drosophila, this bioinsecticide may modify the competitive interactions between Drosophila species in treated areas and the interactions with their associated natural enemies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Babin
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, Sophia Agrobiotech Institute (ISA), 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Jean-Luc Gatti
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, Sophia Agrobiotech Institute (ISA), 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Marylène Poirié
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, Sophia Agrobiotech Institute (ISA), 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France
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28
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Sario S, Melo-Ferreira J, Santos C. Winter Is (Not) Coming: Is Climate Change Helping Drosophila suzukii Overwintering? BIOLOGY 2023; 12:907. [PMID: 37508339 PMCID: PMC10376787 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic challenges, particularly climate change-associated factors, are strongly impacting the behavior, distribution, and survival of insects. Yet how these changes affect pests such as Drosophila suzukii, a cosmopolitan pest of soft-skinned small fruits, remains poorly understood. This polyphagous pest is chill-susceptible, with cold temperatures causing multiple stresses, including desiccation and starvation, also challenging the immune system. Since the invasion of Europe and the United States of America in 2009, it has been rapidly spreading to several European and American countries (both North and South American) and North African and Asian countries. However, globalization and global warming are allowing an altitudinal and latitudinal expansion of the species, and thus the colonization of colder regions. This review explores how D. suzukii adapts to survive during cold seasons. We focus on overwintering strategies of behavioral adaptations such as migration or sheltering, seasonal polyphenism, reproductive adaptations, as well as metabolic and transcriptomic changes in response to cold. Finally, we discuss how the continuation of climate change may promote the ability of this species to survive and spread, and what mitigation measures could be employed to overcome cold-adapted D. suzukii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sario
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-453 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Melo-Ferreira
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- CIBIO-Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Associate Laboratory, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Conceição Santos
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-453 Porto, Portugal
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29
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Cerasti F, Mastrantonio V, Dallai R, Cristofaro M, Porretta D. Applying Satyrization to Insect Pest Control: The Case of the Spotted Wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura. INSECTS 2023; 14:569. [PMID: 37367385 DOI: 10.3390/insects14060569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii represents one of the major agricultural pests worldwide. The identification of safety and long-lasting tools to suppress its populations is therefore crucial to mitigate the environmental and economic damages due to its occurrence. Here, we explore the possibility of using satyrization as a tool to control the abundance of D. suzukii. By using males of D. melanogaster, we realized courtship tests, spermathecae analysis, and multiple-choice experiments to assess the occurrence and extent of pre- and post-zygotic isolation between the two species, as well as the occurrence of fitness costs in D. suzukii females due to satyrization. Our results showed that: (i) D. melanogaster males successfully courted D. suzukii females; (ii) D. melanogaster males significantly affected the total courtship time of D. suzukii males, which reduced from 22.6% to 6.4%; (iii) D. melanogaster males were able to inseminate D. suzukii and reduce their offspring, inducing a high fitness cost. Reproductive interference occurs at different steps between D. melanogaster and D. suzukii, both alone and in combination with other area-wide control approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Cerasti
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Romano Dallai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Porretta
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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30
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Hussain B, War AR, Pfeiffer DG. Jasmonic acid and salicylic acid induced defensive response in wine grapes against Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Heliyon 2023; 9:e16505. [PMID: 37292303 PMCID: PMC10245163 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To better understand the elicitor induced defense in wine grapes against Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), two varieties, Pinot Noir and Chardonnay, were sprayed with jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA). Total phenols, total flavonoids, total tannins and total soluble sugars were quantified. Oviposition preference by D. suzukii in response to JA and SA applications were also studied. Behavioral response of D. suzukii to various sugars was recorded. The effect of flavonoids (gallic acid, catechin, quercetin at 100 and 500 ppm) on mortality of D. suzukii was also studied in CAFE assay. Our results showed that JA and SA application significantly affected phenol, flavonoid and tannin contents of grapes. Reduced injury was observed in treated plants; this reduction was more pronounced in Chardonnay than Pinot Noir. The number of eggs laid by D. suzukii females was lower in JA and SA-treated plants; this reduction was more pronounced under no-choice conditions than under choice conditions. In prandial behavior, sucrose solution (5%), glucose solution (5%), fructose solution (5%), sucrose (5%) + yeast (5%) solutions and yeast solutions (5%) showed higher attraction of D. suzukii females compared to control treatments. Among flavonoids, catechin (100 ppm) showed higher mortality of D. suzukii than rest of the treatments. The results of this study can be used for developing management strategies of D. suzukii in wine grapes and related crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barkat Hussain
- Division of Entomology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Shalimar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | | | - Douglas G. Pfeiffer
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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31
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Mermer S, Rossi Stacconi MV, Tait G, Pfab F, Sial AA, Disi JO, Burrack HJ, Toennisson A, Xue L, Zhang C, Walton VM. Comparing the effectiveness of different insecticide application orders for suppressing Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) infestation: experimental and modeling approaches. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2023:7156966. [PMID: 37155341 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a key pest of soft-skinned fruit such as blackberry and blueberry. Differing seasonal spray regimes are expected to have variable effects on D. suzukii populations. Semi-field cage trials were performed at three locations in the United States (Georgia, Oregon, and North Carolina) on blueberry and blackberry crops to evaluate this hypothesis. Insecticides with different efficacy rates (ZC - zeta-cypermethrin, SPI - spinetoram, CYAN - cyantraniliprole) were applied during field experiments conducted within large cages. Treatment schedules consisted of two insecticide applications which performed over three weeks. Seasonal treatment schedules were applied in the following order: ZC-CYAN and CYAN-ZC in rabbiteye and highbush blueberry with the addition of a ZC-SPI treatment applied in blackberry. In addition, a population model was applied to simulate the relative efficacy of the insecticide schedules in Oregon on D. suzukii population model based on previously published efficacy, biological, and weather parameters. Overall, all schedules resulted in reduced D. suzukii infestation compared to untreated control (UTC) treatments, with statistical differences in all three locations. The numerically lower infestation was found in some cases in ZC-CYAN schedule. Population modeling conducted exclusively for blueberry, and the simulations indicated no discernible differences between the two respective schedules (ZC-CYAN vs CYAN-ZC). The present study demonstrates that seasonal infestation of D. suzukii could be suppressed irrespective of application order. Additional research is required to assess the optimal timing and sequence of insecticide applications for controlling seasonal populations of D. suzukii in fruit crops. Such information could be invaluable for growers who are seeking to strategize their insecticide applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhan Mermer
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Marco Valerio Rossi Stacconi
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tait
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Ferdinand Pfab
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93117, USA
| | - Ashfaq A Sial
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Joseph O Disi
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Hannah J Burrack
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Department of Entomology Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - Aurora Toennisson
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Lan Xue
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Chengzhu Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Vaughn M Walton
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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Tait G, Zhu T, Klick J, Ganjisaffar F, Castillo C, Kennedy R, Thomas H, Adams C, Pfab F, Mermer S, Mirandola E, Xue L, Zalom FG, Seagraves M, Walton VM. Open field trials of food-grade gum in California and Oregon as a behavioral control for Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae). FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 3:1141853. [PMID: 38469503 PMCID: PMC10926501 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2023.1141853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The invasion of Drosophila suzukii, spotted-wing drosophila, across Europe and the US has led to economic losses for berry and cherry growers, and increased insecticide applications to protect fruit from damage. Commercial production relies heavily on unsustainable use of conventional toxic insecticides. Non-toxic insecticide strategies are necessary to alleviate the disadvantages and non-target impacts of toxic conventional insecticides and improve Integrated Pest Management (IPM). A novel food-grade gum deployed on dispenser pads (GUM dispensers) was evaluated to mitigate D. suzukii crop damage in five commercial crops and nine locations. Trials were conducted at a rate of 124 dispensers per hectare in cherry, wine grape, blueberry, raspberry, and blackberry in California and Oregon, USA during 2019 and 2020. The majority of trials with the food-grade gum resulted in a reduction of D. suzukii egg laying in susceptible fruit. In some cases, such damage was reduced by up to 78%. Overall, results from our meta-analysis showed highly significant differences between GUM treatments and the untreated control. Modeling simulations suggest a synergistic reduction of D. suzukii damage when used in combination with Spinosad (Entrust SC) insecticide. These data illustrate commercial value of this tool as a sustainable alternative to manage D. suzukii populations within a systems approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Tait
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Tingyu Zhu
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Jimmy Klick
- Driscoll’s Inc., Watsonville, CA, United States
| | - Fatemeh Ganjisaffar
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Hillary Thomas
- Naturipe Berry Growers, Inc., Salinas, CA, United States
| | - Christopher Adams
- Department of Horticulture, Mid-Columbia Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Hood River, OR, United States
| | - Ferdinand Pfab
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Serhan Mermer
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Enrico Mirandola
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and the Environment (DAFNAE), Padova University, Padua, Italy
| | - Lan Xue
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Frank G. Zalom
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - Vaughn M. Walton
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
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Yoon JS, Ahn SJ, Choi MY. Selection and Comparative Gene Expression of Midgut-Specific Targets for Drosophila suzukii. INSECTS 2023; 14:76. [PMID: 36662004 PMCID: PMC9864236 DOI: 10.3390/insects14010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Spotted-wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii, is a destructive and invasive pest that attacks most small fruits and cherries. The current management for SWD involves the use of conventional insecticides. In an effort to develop a biologically based control option, the application of RNA interference (RNAi) has been investigated. To develop an RNAi approach, suitable targets must be identified, and an efficient delivery method must be developed for introducing the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in the midgut. In D. suzukii, we previously found that dsRNA nucleases actively degrade dsRNA molecules in the midgut. In this study, we focused on identifying biological targets focused on the midgut membrane. The profile of midgut-specific genes was analyzed and compared with the genes expressed in the whole-body using transcriptome analysis. Differential gene expression analysis revealed that 1921 contigs were upregulated and 1834 contigs were downregulated in the midgut when compared to genes from other body tissues. We chose ten midgut-specifically upregulated genes and empirically confirmed their expressions. We are particularly interested in the midgut membrane proteins, including G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) such as diuretic hormone 31 (DH31) receptor, neuropeptide F (NPF) recepror, toll-9, adhesion receptors, methuselah (mth), and gustatory receptor, because insect GPCRs have been offered great potential for next-generation pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- June-Sun Yoon
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Horticultural Crops Research Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Joon Ahn
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Man-Yeon Choi
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Horticultural Crops Research Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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Shope J, Polk D, Mansue C, Rodriguez-Saona C. The contrasting role of climate variation on the population dynamics of a native and an invasive insect pest. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284600. [PMID: 37115782 PMCID: PMC10146567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Since 2008, spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, has become a major pest of soft, thin-skinned fruits in the USA, causing significant annual yield losses. Historically, the native blueberry maggot fly, Rhagoletis mendax, has been a key blueberry pest in eastern North America and a driver of insecticide usage. After its invasion in 2011 into New Jersey (USA), D. suzukii has supplanted R. mendax as the main target of insecticide applications in the state. However, the impact of D. suzukii on the native R. mendax has not been documented, particularly in relation to local climate. Historical monitoring data from New Jersey blueberry farms were used to assess the role of climate on R. mendax and D. suzukii populations. Seasonal trap captures of R. mendax adults have decreased after D. suzukii invasion, while D. suzukii trap captures have increased. Similarly, D. suzukii first captures have occurred earlier each year, while R. mendax has been captured later in the growing season. Winter freezing and summer growing degree days were found to significantly correlate with D. suzukii activity. Using downscaled climate simulations, we projected that D. suzukii will arrive in New Jersey blueberry fields up to 5 days earlier on average by 2030 and 2 weeks earlier by 2050 with warming temperatures, exacerbating yield losses and insecticide usage. As regional temperatures are projected to warm and the invasive range continues to expand, we predict the rate of phenological development of the invasive D. suzukii and its impact on native insects to change noticeably, bringing new challenges for pest management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Shope
- Department of Environmental Sciences, New Jersey Climate Change Resource Center, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Dean Polk
- Rutgers Specialty Crop Research and Extension Center, Rutgers University, Cream Ridge, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Carrie Mansue
- Cooperative Extension of Atlantic County, Rutgers University, Mays Landing, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Cesar Rodriguez-Saona
- P.E. Marucci Center, Rutgers University, Chatsworth, New Jersey, United States of America
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Nair RR, Peterson AT. Mapping the global distribution of invasive pest Drosophila suzukii and parasitoid Leptopilina japonica: implications for biological control. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15222. [PMID: 37123003 PMCID: PMC10135410 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Insect pest invasions cause significant damage to crop yields, and the resultant economic losses are truly alarming. Climate change and trade liberalization have opened new ways of pest invasions. Given the consumer preference towards organic agricultural products and environment-friendly nature of natural pest control strategies, biological control is considered to be one of the potential options for managing invasive insect pests. Drosophila suzukii (Drosophilidae) is an extremely damaging fruit pest, demanding development of effective and sustainable biological control strategies. In this study, we assessed the potential of the parasitoid Leptopilina japonica (Figitidae) as a biocontrol agent for D. suzukii using ecological niche modeling approaches. We developed global-scale models for both pest and parasitoid to identify four components necessary to derive a niche based, target oriented prioritization approach to plan biological control programs for D. suzukii: (i) potential distribution of pest D. suzukii, (ii) potential distribution of parasitoid L. japonica, (iii) the degree of overlap in potential distributions of pest and parasitoid, and (iv) biocontrol potential of this system for each country. Overlapping suitable areas of pest and parasitoid were identified at two different thresholds and at the most desirable threshold (E = 5%), potential for L. japonica mediated biocontrol management existed in 125 countries covering 1.87 × 107 km2, and at the maximum permitted threshold (E = 10%), land coverage was reduced to 1.44 × 107 km2 in 121 countries. Fly pest distributional information as a predictor variable was not found to be improving parasitoid model performance, and globally, only in half of the countries, >50% biocontrol coverage was estimated. We therefore suggest that niche specificities of both pest and parasitoid must be included in site-specific release planning of L. japonica for effective biocontrol management aimed at D. suzukii. This study can be extended to design cost-effective pre-assessment strategies for implementing any biological control management program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul R. Nair
- Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
| | - A. Townsend Peterson
- Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
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Hougardy E, Hogg BN, Wang X, Daane KM. Discrimination Abilities and Parasitism Success of Pupal Parasitoids Towards Spotted-Wing Drosophila Pupae Previously Parasitized by the Larval Parasitoid Ganaspis brasiliensis (Hymenoptera: Figitidae). ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:1106-1112. [PMID: 36314997 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvac083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pachycrepoideus vindemiae (Rondani) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) and Trichopria drosophilae (Perkins) (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) are two cosmopolitan and generalist pupal parasitoids that are among a few of the resident parasitoids in North America capable of attacking Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), an invasive pest of small and soft fruit crops worldwide. Ganaspis brasiliensis (Ihering) is a specialist larval parasitoid of D. suzukii that was recently approved for biological control introduction against D. suzukii in the USA. As a solitary koinobiont species, G. brasiliensis oviposits in the host larva but emerges as an adult from the host puparium. This study investigated the discrimination ability and parasitism success by the pupal parasitoids towards D. suzukii pupae previously parasitized by G. brasiliensis, to examine whether interactions with resident parasitoids will affect G. brasiliensis after it is released in the USA. We found preliminary evidence that neither pupal parasitoid could discriminate towards D. suzukii pupae parasitized by early instars of G. brasiliensis. Pachycrepoideus vindemiae was able to successfully develop on D. suzukii pupae containing all preimaginal stages of G. brasiliensis, although parasitism success was significantly higher on those bearing later rather than early stages of G. brasiliensis. Trichopria drosophilae was only able to successfully develop on D. suzukii puparia containing early instars of G. brasiliensis. These results suggest that D. suzukii parasitized by the larval parasitoid could be subsequently attacked by the pupal parasitoids, possibly affecting the success of G. brasiliensis releases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne Hougardy
- USDA-ARS, Invasive Species and Pollinator Health Research Unit, Albany, CA, USA
| | - Brian N Hogg
- USDA-ARS, Invasive Species and Pollinator Health Research Unit, Albany, CA, USA
| | - Xingeng Wang
- USDA-ARS, Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Unit, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Kent M Daane
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Panthi B, Cloonan KR, Rodriguez-Saona C, Short BD, Kirkpatrick DM, Loeb GM, Aflitto NC, Wiman N, Andrews H, Drummond FA, Fanning PD, Ballman E, Johnson B, Beal DJ, Beers EH, Burrack HJ, Isaacs R, Perkins J, Liburd OE, Lambert AR, Walton VM, Harris ET, Mermer S, Polk D, Wallingford AK, Adhikari R, Sial AA. Using Red Panel Traps to Detect Spotted-Wing Drosophila and its Infestation in US Berry and Cherry Crops. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:1995-2003. [PMID: 36209398 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Spotted-wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is an invasive pest of thin-skinned fruits in the United States. Monitoring traps are an integral part of SWD integrated pest management, allowing early detection and timely management of this pest. An ideal monitoring trap should be easy to use, effective in capturing SWD, sensitive and selective to male SWD which are easy to identify due to their spotted wings, and able to predict fruit infestation from trap captures. Deli-cup-based liquid traps (grower standard), which make in-situ observations difficult, were compared with red-panel sticky traps, both baited with commercial lures (Scentry, Trécé Broad-Spectrum (BS), and Trécé High-Specificity (HS)), across several US states in blueberries (lowbush and highbush), blackberry, raspberry, and cherry crops during 2018 and 2021. Results showed that red-panel traps effectively captured SWD, were able to detect male SWD early in the season while also being selective to male SWD all season-long, and in some cases linearly related male SWD trap captures with fruit infestation. Scentry and Trécé BS lures captured similar numbers of SWD, though Trécé BS and Trécé HS were more selective for male SWD in red panel traps than liquid traps in some cases. In conclusion, due to its ease of use with less processing time, red-panel traps are promising tools for detecting and identifying male SWD in-situ and for predicting fruit infestation. However, further research is needed to refine the trap captures and fruit infestation relationship and elucidate the trap-lure interactions in berry and cherry crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babu Panthi
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Kevin R Cloonan
- USDA-ARS, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Gregory M Loeb
- Department of Entomology, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva, NY, USA
| | | | - Nik Wiman
- North Willamette Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University, Aurora, OR, USA
| | - Heather Andrews
- North Willamette Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University, Aurora, OR, USA
| | - Frank A Drummond
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Philip D Fanning
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Elissa Ballman
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Benjamin Johnson
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Dylan J Beal
- Tree Fruit Research & Extension Center, Washington State University, Wenatchee, WA, USA
| | - Elizabeth H Beers
- Tree Fruit Research & Extension Center, Washington State University, Wenatchee, WA, USA
| | - Hannah J Burrack
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Rufus Isaacs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jacquelyn Perkins
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Oscar E Liburd
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Arden R Lambert
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Vaughn M Walton
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Edwin T Harris
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Serhan Mermer
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Dean Polk
- Rutgers Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Rutgers University, Bridgeton, NJ, USA
| | - Anna K Wallingford
- Department of Agriculture Nutrition and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Rosan Adhikari
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ashfaq A Sial
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Deans C, Hutchison WD. Propensity for resistance development in the invasive berry pest, spotted-wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii), under laboratory selection. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:5203-5212. [PMID: 36054242 PMCID: PMC9804391 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past 14 years, the invasive vinegar fly, spotted-wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii), has become one of the most damaging fruit pests in the United States. With regional economic losses estimated as high as $500 million for moderate infestations, D. suzukii control represents an often-untenable cost to growers. Management relies heavily on chemical control, which may be applied up to nine times in one season. The widespread use of chemical controls has led to concerns about insecticide resistance, and resistant field populations have already been documented in California and Michigan. RESULTS We cultured sub-populations of three different Minnesota field populations of D. suzukii in the laboratory and exposed them to increasing concentrations of two commonly-used insecticides, zeta-cypermethrin (pyrethroid) and spinetoram (spinosyn). Over the exposure period, the sub-populations experienced an 8- to 45-fold increase in insecticide concentration. We saw significant increases in the median lethal concentration (LC50 ) values of one sub-population exposed to zeta-cypermethrin and one exposed to spinetoram. Across the spinetoram exposures, we also observed significant reductions in the top mortality values for three different sub-populations. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that field populations of D. suzukii can develop resistance to zeta-cypermethrin and spinetoram in short periods of time under laboratory selection but that resistance to spinosyns occurs more readily than to pyrethroids. These results support other studies that have documented spinosyn resistance in field populations and in laboratory selections. Resistance evolution to spinosyns is a particularly important issue, as they represent one of few organic insecticide options for D. suzukii. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Deans
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt PaulMNUSA
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Sychla A, Feltman NR, Hutchison WD, Smanski MJ. Modeling-informed Engineered Genetic Incompatibility strategies to overcome resistance in the invasive Drosophila suzukii. FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 2:1063789. [PMID: 38468757 PMCID: PMC10926386 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2022.1063789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Engineered Genetic Incompatibility (EGI) is an engineered extreme underdominance genetic system wherein hybrid animals are not viable, functioning as a synthetic speciation event. There are several strategies in which EGI could be leveraged for genetic biocontrol of pest populations. We used an agent-based model of Drosophila suzukii (Spotted Wing Drosophila) to determine how EGI would fare with high rates of endemic genetic resistance alleles. We discovered a surprising failure mode wherein field-generated females convert an incompatible male release program into a population replacement gene drive. Local suppression could still be attained in two seasons by tailoring the release strategy to take advantage of this effect, or alternatively in one season by altering the genetic design of release agents. We show in this work that data from modeling can be utilized to recognize unexpected emergent phenomena and a priori inform genetic biocontrol treatment design to increase efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Sychla
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Nathan R. Feltman
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - William D. Hutchison
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Michael J. Smanski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
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Ganjisaffar F, Demkovich MR, Chiu JC, Zalom FG. Characterization of Field-Derived Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Resistance to Pyrethroids in California Berry Production. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:1676-1684. [PMID: 35957586 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), is a global economic pest of berry crops and stone fruit. Since management of this pest primarily relies on calendar insecticide applications, and field-derived resistance to spinosad has already been documented in California caneberry production, there is significant concern for development of resistance to other insecticides. In this study, susceptibility of D. suzukii populations collected from caneberry and strawberry fields to two pyrethroids, zeta-cypermethrin, and bifenthrin, was assessed in 2019 and 2020. Resistance to both pyrethroids were observed in flies from all sampling sites. For flies collected from caneberries in 2019, the LC50 values ranged from 4.5 to 5.2 mg liter-1 with RR50s ranging from 7.5- to 8.7-fold. Our 2020 assays showed that susceptibility of flies to the discriminating dose of zeta-cypermethrin decreased significantly as the season progressed. For flies collected from strawberries in 2020, the LC50s ranged from 19.0 to 36.1 mg liter-1 and from 30.3 to 90.7 mg liter-1 for zeta-cypermethrin and bifenthrin, respectively. The RR50 values varied from 19.0- to 36.1-fold for zeta-cypermethrin and from 15.9- to 47.7-fold for bifenthrin. This study is the first report of field-derived pyrethroid resistance in D. suzukii from two major California berry production areas. Adoption of informed insecticide resistance management practices would be essential to prolong the efficacy of products available to control D. suzukii. Future molecular work is needed to unravel the underlying genetic mechanisms conferring the observed pyrethroid resistance and to develop robust diagnostics that can inform integrated pest management of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ganjisaffar
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Mark R Demkovich
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Joanna C Chiu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Frank G Zalom
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Linscheid Y, Kessel T, Vilcinskas A, Lee KZ. Pathogenicity of La Jolla Virus in Drosophila suzukii following Oral Administration. Viruses 2022; 14:v14102158. [PMID: 36298712 PMCID: PMC9609637 DOI: 10.3390/v14102158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Ds) is an invasive pest insect that causes severe and widespread damage to soft fruit crops. Chemical control based on topical insecticides is inefficient and harmful to consumers and the environment, prompting interest in the development of biological control measures such as insect viruses with narrow host specificity. We previously described a strain of La Jolla virus (LJV) found in moribund Ds specimens in Germany. We demonstrated a pathogenic effect following the intrathoracic injection of LJV into adult Ds flies. However, the development of an effective biocontrol product based on LJV would require the characterization of (1) virulence following oral delivery, particularly in larvae, and (2) stability under different pH and temperature conditions reflecting realistic exposure scenarios. Here we describe the pathogenicity of LJV following oral delivery to Ds adults and larvae. The oral infection of Ds adults with LJV reduced survival in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas the oral infection of Ds larvae caused the arrest of development during pupation. LJV remained stable and infectious following exposure to a broad pH range and different temperatures. We, therefore, demonstrated that LJV is promising as a candidate biological control agent against Ds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Linscheid
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Branch of Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Tobias Kessel
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Branch of Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Kwang-Zin Lee
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Branch of Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-641-97-219150
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Drosophila suzukii preferentially lays eggs on spherical surfaces with a smaller radius. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15792. [PMID: 36138089 PMCID: PMC9500074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20022-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii is an agricultural pest that predominantly harms small fruits, having a serrated ovipositor that is able to pierce the skin of ripening fruits. Its oviposition preference has been studied from various aspects including chemical and physical properties of oviposition substrates. However, its preference for certain shapes or sizes of substrates has not been explored. In this study, we tested the oviposition preference of D. suzukii for artificial oviposition substrates with different surface curvatures using 27 strains recently established from wild populations collected in Japan. We found that D. suzukii laid more eggs on a surface with smaller radii (4.8 and 5.7 mm) compared with larger radii (7.7 and 9.6 mm). We also found that the most preferred radius differed among strains. Notably, the preference was independent of the volume of substrates, suggesting that D. suzukii uses the surface curvature as a cue for its oviposition site selection. These results provide an additional explanation for why D. suzukii preferentially uses small fruits as its oviposition sites.
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43
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Feltman NR, Burkness EC, Ebbenga D, Hutchison WD, Smanski MJ. HUGE pipeline to measure temporal genetic variation in Drosophila suzukii populations for genetic biocontrol applications. FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 2:981974. [PMID: 38468784 PMCID: PMC10926429 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2022.981974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the fine-scale genome sequence diversity that exists within natural populations is important for developing models of species migration, temporal stability, and range expansion. For invasive species, agricultural pests, and disease vectors, sequence diversity at specific loci in the genome can impact the efficacy of next-generation genetic biocontrol strategies. Here we describe a pipeline for haplotype-resolution genetic variant discovery and quantification from thousands of Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii, SWD) isolated at two field sites in the North-Central United States (Minnesota) across two seasons. We observed highly similar single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) frequencies at each genomic location at each field site and year. This supports the hypotheses that SWD overwinters in Minnesota, is annually populated by the same source populations or a combination of both theories. Also, the stable genetic structure of SWD populations allows for the rational design of genetic biocontrol technologies for population suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R. Feltman
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Eric C. Burkness
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Dominique N. Ebbenga
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - William D. Hutchison
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Michael J. Smanski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
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44
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Schwanitz TW, Polashock JJ, Stockton DG, Rodriguez-Saona C, Sotomayor D, Loeb G, Hawkings C. Molecular and behavioral studies reveal differences in olfaction between winter and summer morphs of Drosophila suzukii. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13825. [PMID: 36132222 PMCID: PMC9484457 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), is a major economic pest of several fruit crops in Europe, North and South America, and other parts of the world because it oviposits in ripening thin-skinned fruits. This vinegar fly exhibits two distinct morphotypes: a summer and a winter morph. Although adaptations associated with the winter morph enhance this invasive pest's capacity to survive in cold climates, winter is still a natural population bottleneck. Since monitoring early spring populations is important for accurate population forecasts, understanding the winter morph's response to olfactory cues may improve current D. suzukii management programs. In this study, a comparative transcriptome analysis was conducted to assess gene expression differences between the female heads of the two D. suzukii morphs, which showed significant differences in 738 genes (p ≤ 0.0001). Out of twelve genes related to olfaction determined to be differentially expressed in the transcriptome, i.e., those related to location of food sources, chemosensory abilities, and mating behavior, nine genes were upregulated in the winter morph while three were downregulated. Three candidate olfactory-related genes that were most upregulated or downregulated in the winter morph were further validated using RT-qPCR. In addition, behavioral assays were performed at a range of temperatures to confirm a differing behavioral response of the two morphs to food odors. Our behavioral assays showed that, although winter morphs were more active at lower temperatures, the summer morphs were generally more attracted to food odors. This study provides new insights into the molecular and behavioral differences in response to olfactory cues between the two D. suzukii morphs that will assist in formulating more effective monitoring and physiological-based control tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy W. Schwanitz
- Entomology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
| | - James J. Polashock
- Genetic Improvement of Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Chatsworth, NJ, United States of America
| | - Dara G. Stockton
- Entomology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, United States of America
| | - Cesar Rodriguez-Saona
- Entomology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
| | - Diego Sotomayor
- Agro-Environmental Science Department, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Greg Loeb
- Entomology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, United States of America
| | - Chloe Hawkings
- Entomology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
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Abram PK, Franklin MT, Hueppelsheuser T, Carrillo J, Grove E, Eraso P, Acheampong S, Keery L, Girod P, Tsuruda M, Clausen M, Buffington ML, Moffat CE. Adventive Larval Parasitoids Reconstruct Their Close Association with Spotted-Wing Drosophila in the Invaded North American Range. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:670-678. [PMID: 35594566 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvac019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two species of larval parasitoids of the globally invasive fruit pest, Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Leptopilina japonica, and Ganaspis brasiliensis (both Hymenoptera: Figitidae), were detected in British Columbia, Canada in 2016 and 2019, respectively. Both are presumed to have been unintentionally introduced from Asia; however, the extent of their establishment across different habitats with diverse host plants used by D. suzukii was unclear. In addition, there was no knowledge of the temporal dynamics of parasitism of D. suzukii by these two parasitoids. To address these gaps, we repeatedly sampled the fruits of known host plants of D. suzukii over the entire 2020 growing season in British Columbia. We documented the presence of L. japonica and G. brasiliensis and estimated the apparent percentage of D. suzukii parasitized among host plant species. Across a large region of southwestern British Columbia, both L. japonica and G. brasiliensis were found to be very common across a variety of mostly unmanaged habitats over the entire course of the season (May-October) in the fruits of most host plants known to host D. suzukii larvae. Parasitism of D. suzukii was variable (0-66% percent parasitism) and appeared to be time-structured. Our study demonstrates that the close association between the two larval parasitoids and D. suzukii that exists in Asia has evidently been reconstructed in North America, resulting in the highest parasitism levels of D. suzukii yet recorded outside of its area of origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul K Abram
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz Research and Development Centre, Agassiz, BC, Canada
| | - Michelle T Franklin
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz Research and Development Centre, Agassiz, BC, Canada
| | - Tracy Hueppelsheuser
- British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries, Abbotsford, BC, Canada
| | - Juli Carrillo
- University of British Columbia, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Centre for Sustainable Food Systems, Biodiversity Research Centre, Unceded xʷməθkʷəy̓əm Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Emily Grove
- British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries, Abbotsford, BC, Canada
| | - Paula Eraso
- British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries, Abbotsford, BC, Canada
| | - Susanna Acheampong
- British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Laura Keery
- British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Pierre Girod
- University of British Columbia, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Centre for Sustainable Food Systems, Biodiversity Research Centre, Unceded xʷməθkʷəy̓əm Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matt Tsuruda
- University of British Columbia, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Centre for Sustainable Food Systems, Biodiversity Research Centre, Unceded xʷməθkʷəy̓əm Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Martina Clausen
- University of British Columbia, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Centre for Sustainable Food Systems, Biodiversity Research Centre, Unceded xʷməθkʷəy̓əm Musqueam Territory, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matthew L Buffington
- Systematic Entomology Laboratory USDA, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chandra E Moffat
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, Summerland, BC, Canada
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46
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Tait G, Mermer S, Chave RDB, Rossi-Stacconi MV, Kaiser C, Walton VM. A Horticultural Cuticle Supplement Can Impact Quality Characters and Drosophila suzukii Damage of Several Small and Stone Fruit. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:772-779. [PMID: 35834241 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvac050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Surface wax and other cellular building blocks play an important role in preserving fruit integrity from biotic and abiotic adversities. Huge energy expenses are made by plants to place these protective compounds onto the epidermal cuticle. Sprayable plant and fruit coatings have been developed to protect plant tissues from environmental stresses, pathogens, and arthropods. The aim of this study was to determine if an experimental cuticle supplement containing waxes can affect fruit quality parameters such as firmness and size of various crops. Cherry, blueberry, and winegrape plants treated with the cuticle supplement showed significant increases in berry firmness ranging from 4.6 to 11.6%. No quality benefits were however observed on blackberry. Cuticle supplement applications did not significantly affect berry size. Laboratory trials resulted in a 54% mean reduction in a model pest insect i.e., Drosophila suzukii egg laying on blueberry. Short-duration field trials over 72 ± 2 to 96 ± 2 h on commercial-standard blueberry bushes resulted in 50-93.4% reductions of D. suzukii damage. Longer-term field trials on cherry and blueberry challenged with egg-laying D. suzukii showed reductions of damage ranging from 45 to 95%, up to 30 d after initial cuticle supplement applications. These results indicate that the cuticle supplement significantly alters berry firmness and reduces D. suzukii damage under commercial production conditions. One factor that may contribute to this reduction includes improved fruit quality parameters. The current work serves to expand integrated pest management options to control D. suzukii populations in commercial field settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Tait
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Serhan Mermer
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Ryan D B Chave
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | | | | | - Vaughn M Walton
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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47
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Babu A, Rodriguez-Saona C, Sial AA. Factors Influencing the Efficacy of Novel Attract-and-Kill (ACTTRA SWD) Formulations Against Drosophila suzukii. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:981-989. [PMID: 35078242 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the continental United States, the invasive spotted-wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, has become a primary pest of multiple stone and soft-skinned fruits. A new innovative adjuvant formulation, ACTTRA SWD, mixed with a suitable insecticide, constitutes a novel attract-and-kill tactic to manage D. suzukii in fruit crops. We hypothesized that background odors present in crop fields, particularly odors from host fruits, negatively affect the effectiveness of this attract-and-kill formulation, as odors from these sources can compete for insect attraction. Additionally, we evaluated the influence of adult D. suzukii sex and physiological status (age and mating status), and fruit ripeness on its response to the ACTTRA SWD formulation. For this, we used two-choice bioassays to test the response of adult D. suzukii to three ACTTRA SWD formulations (named OR1, TD, and HOOK SWD) in the presence and absence of host fruits (blueberries, raspberries, blackberries, and strawberries). Odors from raspberries were significantly more attractive than those from the TD formulation mixed with spinosad (Entrust). For the HOOK SWD formulation and OR1+Entrust formulation, odors from all the fruit types tested were significantly more attractive than the adjuvants. Compared with females, male D. suzukii were more attracted to the TD formulation over the blueberry fruits. Additionally, age and female mating status but not fruit ripeness influenced D. suzukii attraction to both OR1 and TD formulations. The results from this study indicate that D. suzukii physiological status and host fruit availability impact the efficacy of new attract-and-kill adjuvants such as ACTTRA SWD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Babu
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Ashfaq A Sial
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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48
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Lee JC, Rodriguez-Saona CR, Zalom FG. Introductory Remarks: Spotlight on Spotted-Wing Drosophila. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:919-921. [PMID: 35948269 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana C Lee
- Horticultural Crops Research Unit, USDA ARS, 3420 NW Orchard Avenue, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
| | - Cesar R Rodriguez-Saona
- PE Marucci Blueberry and Cranberry Center, Rutgers University, 125A Lake Oswego Road, Chatsworth, NJ 08019, USA
| | - Frank G Zalom
- Department of Entomology & Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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49
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Whitener AB, Smytheman P, Beers EH. Efficacy and Species Specificity of Baits and Lures for Spotted-Wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:1036-1045. [PMID: 35468195 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring is an important element in management programs for Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), helping users to avoid prophylactic treatments. Factors such as attractiveness, sensitivity, selectivity, longevity, and ease of use must be considered when developing a trap and lure system for monitoring and thresholds. We examined various baits and lures over a 5-yr period in sweet cherry orchards in the semiarid climate of eastern Washington. Using a jar trap, the attractants were evaluated for attractiveness (maximum capture), selectivity for D. suzukii (vs. other Drosophila species), and sex ratio of captured D. suzukii. We examined the relative performance of the attractants during periods of low (≈1 D. suzukii per trap per week) and high (232 D. suzukii per trap per week) density over the course of the growing season, which usually corresponded to mid-summer and autumn temperatures, respectively. The Scentry lure was consistently the most attractive lure, capturing the highest numbers of adult D. suzukii over the series of tests, but also had the highest levels of by-catch. Recipe-based baits (yeast, wine-vinegar, and apple cider vinegar) captured fewer D. suzukii overall, although the commercial baits Dros'Attract and Suzukii Trap were comparable to the Scentry lure in late season tests. The Trécé lures were consistently the most selective of the attractants, but had generally lower D. suzukii captures. Sex ratio varied widely among and within the tests, but with no consistent pattern among the various attractants. All attractants were successful in capturing flies, and the choice of attractant depends on the constraints and goals of the user.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Smytheman
- Washington State University Tree Fruit Research & Extension Center, 1100 N. Western Avenue, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA
| | - Elizabeth H Beers
- Washington State University Tree Fruit Research & Extension Center, 1100 N. Western Avenue, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA
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50
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Gyawaly S, Rijal J. Neem-Based Insecticides Deter Oviposition Activity in Spotted Wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Sweet Cherries. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:1310-1313. [PMID: 35604376 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), is an important invasive insect pest in the United States. Spotted wing drosophila females have serrated ovipositor that enables them to deposit eggs inside healthy, ripening softskinned fruits. In many berry and fruit crops, spotted wing drosophila is primarily controlled using synthetic insecticides in the organophosphate, pyrethroid, and spinosyn groups. However, alternative, reduced-risk insecticides with short residuals are necessary to minimize the possibilities of insecticide resistance and address other negative effects of synthetic insecticides. Neem-based products as alternative plant-based insecticides have antifeedant, repellent, antiovipository, and molting interference effects on insects and have been shown to affect the oviposition activities of some tephritid flies. We conducted laboratory studies to evaluate the oviposition deterrent activities of selected neem-based insecticides that contain either azadirachtin, or CHENO, or a combination of both, on spotted wing drosophila using sweet cherry in California. The results of the study showed that some of the neem oil products could reduce the degree of spotted wing drosophila oviposition by half compared with the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudan Gyawaly
- UC Statewide IPM Program, University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, 3800 Cornucopia Way, Modesto, CA, USA
| | - Jhalendra Rijal
- UC Statewide IPM Program, University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, 3800 Cornucopia Way, Modesto, CA, USA
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